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Jajosky RP, O’Bryan J, Spichler-Moffarah A, Jajosky PG, Krause PJ, Tonnetti L. The impact of ABO and RhD blood types on Babesia microti infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011060. [PMID: 36696414 PMCID: PMC9901808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Babesiosis is an emerging infectious disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites that can cause severe disease and death. While blood type is known to affect the mortality of Plasmodium falciparum malaria patients, associations between red blood cell (RBC) antigens and Babesia microti infection and disease severity are lacking. METHODS We evaluated RhD and ABO blood types of Babesia-infected (18S rRNA reactive) blood donors in 10 endemic states in the Northeastern and northern Midwestern United States. We also assessed possible associations between RhD and ABO blood types and disease severity among hospitalized babesiosis patients in Connecticut. RESULTS A total of 768 Babesia-infected blood donors were analyzed, of which 750 (97.7%) had detectable B. microti-specific antibodies. B. microti-infected blood donors were more likely to be RhD- (OR of 1.22, p-value 0.024) than RhD+ donors. Hospitalized RhD- babesiosis patients were more likely than RhD+ patients to have high peak parasitemia (p-value 0.017), which is a marker for disease severity. No differences in RhD+ blood type were noted between residents of the Northeast (OR of 0.82, p-value 0.033) and the Midwest (OR of 0.74, p-value 0.23). Overall, ABO blood type was not associated with blood donor B. microti infection, however, B. microti-infected donors in Maine and New Jersey were more likely to be blood type B compared to non-type B (OR 2.49 [p = 0.008] and 2.07 [p = 0.009], respectively), while infected donors from Pennsylvania were less likely to be type B compared to non-type B (OR 0.32 [p = 0.02]). CONCLUSIONS People expressing RhD antigen may have a decreased risk of B. microti infection and babesiosis severity. The association of B antigen with B. microti infection is less clear because the antigen appeared to be less prevalent in infected Pennsylvania blood donors but more prevalent in Maine and New Jersey infected donors. Future studies should quantify associations between B. microti genotypes, RBC antigens, and the frequency and severity of B. microti infection to increase our understanding of human Babesia pathogenesis and improve antibody, vaccine, and RBC exchange transfusion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Philip Jajosky
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Biconcavity Inc., Lilburn, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jane O’Bryan
- Yale School of Public Health and Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, North Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Anne Spichler-Moffarah
- Yale School of Public Health and Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | | | - Peter J. Krause
- Yale School of Public Health and Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Laura Tonnetti
- American Red Cross, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
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Kuijpers Y, Chu X, Jaeger M, Moorlag SJCFM, Koeken VACM, Zhang B, de Nooijer A, Grondman I, Gupta MK, Janssen N, Mourits VP, de Bree LCJ, de Mast Q, van de Veerdonk FL, Joosten LAB, Li Y, Netea MG, Xu CJ. The Genetic Risk for COVID-19 Severity Is Associated With Defective Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:859387. [PMID: 35634344 PMCID: PMC9133558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.859387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of COVID-19 patients of European ancestry have identified genetic loci significantly associated with disease severity. Here, we employed the detailed clinical, immunological and multi-omics dataset of the Human Functional Genomics Project (HFGP) to explore the physiological significance of the host genetic variants that influence susceptibility to severe COVID-19. A genomics investigation intersected with functional characterization of individuals with high genetic risk for severe COVID-19 susceptibility identified several major patterns: i. a large impact of genetically determined innate immune responses in COVID-19, with ii. increased susceptibility for severe disease in individuals with defective cytokine production; iii. genetic susceptibility related to ABO blood groups is probably mediated through the von Willebrand factor (VWF) and endothelial dysfunction. We further validated these identified associations at transcript and protein levels by using independent disease cohorts. These insights allow a physiological understanding of genetic susceptibility to severe COVID-19, and indicate pathways that could be targeted for prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Kuijpers
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, CiiM, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xiaojing Chu
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, CiiM, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Martin Jaeger
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Valerie A C M Koeken
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, CiiM, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, CiiM, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Aline de Nooijer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Inge Grondman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, CiiM, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Janssen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Vera P Mourits
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - L Charlotte J de Bree
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Quirijn de Mast
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Frank L van de Veerdonk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Núcleo de Pesquisa da Faculdade da Polícia Militar (FPM) do Estado de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Yang Li
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, CiiM, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department for Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, CiiM, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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GEMCİOĞLU E, BAŞER S, İNAN O, ASFUROGLU KALKAN E, GULER B, KARAAHMETOĞLU S, HASANOĞLU İ, GÜNER R, COPUROGLU E, ATEŞ İ. Effects of blood group types on risk of infection, disease severity, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1036266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Shokri P, Golmohammadi S, Noori M, Nejadghaderi SA, Carson-Chahhoud K, Safiri S. The relationship between blood groups and risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 or development of severe outcomes: A review. Rev Med Virol 2022; 32:e2247. [PMID: 34997677 PMCID: PMC8209917 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is considered a global catastrophe that has overwhelmed health care systems. Since initiation of the pandemic, identification of characteristics that might influence risk of infection and poor disease outcomes have been of paramount interest. Blood group phenotypes are genetically inherited characteristics whose association with certain infectious diseases have long been debated. The aim of this review is to identify whether a certain type of blood group may influence an individual’s susceptibility to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and developing severe outcomes. Our review shows that blood group O protects individuals against SARS‐CoV‐2, whereas blood group A predisposes them to being infected. Although the association between blood groups and outcomes of COVID‐19 is not consistent, it is speculated that non‐O blood group carriers with COVID‐19 are at higher risk of developing severe outcomes in comparison to O blood group. The interaction between blood groups and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is hypothesized to be as result of natural antibodies against blood group antigens that may act as a part of innate immune response to neutralize viral particles. Alternatively, blood group antigens could serve as additional receptors for the virus and individuals who are capable of expressing these antigens on epithelial cells, which are known as secretors, would then have a high propensity to be affected by SARS‐CoV‐2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pourya Shokri
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Golmohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Noori
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kristin Carson-Chahhoud
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Correlation between ABO Blood Group Phenotype and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Severity of Disease in a Saudi Arabian Cohort. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2022; 12:85-91. [PMID: 34978705 PMCID: PMC8721628 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-021-00023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease severity among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 varies remarkably. Preliminary studies reported that the ABO blood group system confers differential viral susceptibility and disease severity caused by SARS-CoV-2. Thus, differences in ABO blood group phenotypes may partly explain the observed heterogeneity in COVID-19 severity patterns, and could help identify individuals at increased risk. Herein, we explored the association between ABO blood group phenotypes and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in a Saudi Arabian cohort. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we performed ABO typing on a total of 373 Saudi patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and conducted association analysis between ABO blood group phenotype and COVID-19 infection severity. We then performed gender-stratified analysis by dividing the participating patients into two groups by gender, and classified them according to age. RESULTS The frequencies of blood group phenotypes A, B, AB and O were 27.3, 23.6, 5.4 and 43.7%, respectively. We found that blood group phenotype O was associated with a lower risk of testing positive for COVID-19 infection (OR 0.76 95% CI 0.62-0.95, p = 0.0113), while blood group phenotype B was associated with higher odds of testing positive (OR 1.51 95% CI 1.17-1.93, p = 0.0009). However, blood group phenotype B was associated with increased risk in the mild and moderate group but not the severe COVID-19 infection group. Blood group phenotype O was protective in all severity groups. CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence that blood group phenotype B is a risk for COVID-19 disease while blood group phenotype O is protective from COVID-19 infection. However, further studies are necessary to validate these associations in a larger sample size and among individuals of different ethnic groups.
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6
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Li J, An X, Xu X, Xiao L, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Huang L, Zhang K, Yao X, Yi W, Qin J, Yu J. Type O blood, the MCHC, and the reticulocyte count impact the early recurrence of primary warm-antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia in children: A retrospective cohort analysis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:881064. [PMID: 36299697 PMCID: PMC9591122 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.881064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary warm-antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia (w-AIHA) is prone to recurrence in children. In this study, we aimed to identify risk indicators for the early recurrence of primary w-AIHA and construct an effective recurrence risk assessment model. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of patients hospitalized with primary w-AIHA in the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, between 1 January 2018 and 30 September 2021, were collected at the initial diagnosis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine risk indicators for the early recurrence of primary w-AIHA in children, and ROC curve and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used for verification. Finally, a risk assessment model for early recurrence in children with primary w-AIHA was constructed using Cox regression and visualized using a nomogram. The model was also verified internally and externally. RESULTS This study included 62 children with primary w-AIHA. Of which, 18 experienced recurrence 1 year after the initial diagnosis. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that type O blood and the reticulocyte count (Ret) were risk indicators for the early recurrence of pediatric primary w-AIHA (P = 0.009, 0.047, respectively). The mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) is a protective factor (P = 0.040). According to the ROC curve and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, children with primary w-AIHA whose blood type was O or had an MCHC of <313.5 pg/fL or a Ret of ≥0.161×1012/L had a higher risk of early recurrence (HR = 2.640, 4.430 and 4.450, respectively, and P = 0.040, 0.015 and 0.018, respectively). The blood types (O), MCHCs, and Rets of 56 patients were incorporated into the Cox regression model, and the recurrence risk assessment model for children with primary w-AIHA was successfully constructed and visualized using a nomogram. The calibration curves and decision-curve analysis (DCA) suggested that the risk model has clinical applicability and effectiveness. CONCLUSION Children with type O blood and an MCHC value of <313.5 pg/fL or a Ret value of ≥0.161×1012/L have a higher risk of early recurrence. The risk assessment model for the early recurrence of pediatric primary w-AIHA constructed in this study has good clinical applicability and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xizhou An
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Big Data Center for Children's Medical Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Big Data Center for Children's Medical Care, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Kainan Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyuan Yao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Weijia Yi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiebin Qin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
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O’Donnell AS, Fazavana J, O’Donnell JS. The von Willebrand factor - ADAMTS-13 axis in malaria. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 6:e12641. [PMID: 35128300 PMCID: PMC8804941 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM) continues to be associated with major morbidity and mortality, particularly in children aged <5 years in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the biological mechanisms underpinning severe malaria pathophysiology remain incompletely understood, studies have shown that cytoadhesion of malaria-infected erythrocytes to endothelial cells (ECs) within the cerebral microvasculature represents a key step in this process. Furthermore, these studies have also highlighted that marked EC activation, with secretion of Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs), occurs at a remarkably early stage following malaria infection. As a result, plasma levels of proteins normally stored within WPBs (including high-molecular-weight von Willebrand factor [VWF] multimers, VWF propeptide, and angiopoietin-2) are significantly elevated. In this review, we provide an overview of recent studies that have identified novel roles through which these secreted WPB glycoproteins may directly facilitate malaria pathogenesis through a number of different platelet-dependent and platelet-independent pathways. Collectively, these emerging insights suggest that hemostatic dysfunction, and in particular disruption of the normal VWF-ADAMTS-13 axis, may be of specific importance in triggering cerebral microangiopathy. Defining the molecular mechanisms involved may offer the opportunity to develop novel targeted therapeutic approaches, which are urgently needed as the mortality rate associated with CM remains in the order of 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. O’Donnell
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity Maternity Hospital LimerickLimerickIreland
| | - Judicael Fazavana
- Irish Centre for Vascular BiologySchool of Pharmacy & Biomolecular SciencesRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin 2Ireland
| | - James S. O’Donnell
- Irish Centre for Vascular BiologySchool of Pharmacy & Biomolecular SciencesRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin 2Ireland
- National Coagulation CentreSt James’s HospitalDublinIreland
- National Children’s Research CentreOur Lady’s Children’s Hospital CrumlinDublinIreland
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Godara S, Saraf KK, Sadasukhi TC, Gupta HL, Gupta M, Sadasukhi N, Sharma A. COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Single Centre Study from Northern India. Indian J Nephrol 2021; 31:531-535. [PMID: 35068759 PMCID: PMC8722553 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_571_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pre-immunosuppressed state along with other existing co-morbidities can influence the outcomes of COVID-19 in transplant patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a single centre prospective cohort study done in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), who underwent kidney transplantation (from December 2012 to November 2020), who were actively followed up at our centre and were diagnosed with COVID-19 disease between 1 April and 30 November 2020. RESULTS A total of 62 kidney-transplant recipients tested positive for COVID-19. Their median age was 39 (19-61). Males were predominantly infected (87.1%). Fever was the most common symptom (77.42%). Thirteen (20.9%) had mild form of disease, 32 (51.6%) had moderate form and 17 (27.4%) had severe disease. Based on initial symptom, 18 (29.03%) were given home treatment, 29 (46.7%) were treated in isolation wards and 15 (24.1%) were treated in intensive care unit. Decrease in the dose of immunosuppressant (anti-metabolites in 67.7%, calcineurin inhibitor in 22.5%) was predominantly carried out as the initial mode of treatment. Remdesivir in 64.5% and anticoagulant therapy in 54.84% were given as a modality of treatment. Mortality rate in our study was 14.5%. CONCLUSIONS Patients of kidney transplant are at high risk of getting infected with COVID-19, due to their immunosuppressed state. Initial symptoms in KTRs with COVID-19 are similar to that of the general population. Mortality rate is comparatively higher in KTRs as compared to general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Godara
- Department of Nephrology, Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Karan Kumar Saraf
- Department of Urology, Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - T. C. Sadasukhi
- Department of Urology, Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - H. L. Gupta
- Department of Urology, Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manish Gupta
- Department of Urology, Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nripesh Sadasukhi
- Department of Urology, Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Department of Urology, Mahatma Gandhi Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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COVID-19 is a systemic vascular hemopathy: insight for mechanistic and clinical aspects. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:755-788. [PMID: 34184164 PMCID: PMC8238037 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is presenting as a systemic disease associated with vascular inflammation and endothelial injury. Severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and there is still an ongoing debate on whether COVID-19 ARDS and its perfusion defect differs from ARDS induced by other causes. Beside pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin-1 β [IL-1β] or IL-6), several main pathological phenomena have been seen because of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction: hypercoagulation reflected by fibrin degradation products called D-dimers, micro- and macrothrombosis and pathological angiogenesis. Direct endothelial infection by SARS-CoV-2 is not likely to occur and ACE-2 expression by EC is a matter of debate. Indeed, endothelial damage reported in severely ill patients with COVID-19 could be more likely secondary to infection of neighboring cells and/or a consequence of inflammation. Endotheliopathy could give rise to hypercoagulation by alteration in the levels of different factors such as von Willebrand factor. Other than thrombotic events, pathological angiogenesis is among the recent findings. Overexpression of different proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) or placental growth factors (PlGF) have been found in plasma or lung biopsies of COVID-19 patients. Finally, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces an emergency myelopoiesis associated to deregulated immunity and mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells, leading to features of acquired hematological malignancies or cardiovascular disease, which are discussed in this review. Altogether, this review will try to elucidate the pathophysiology of thrombotic complications, pathological angiogenesis and EC dysfunction, allowing better insight in new targets and antithrombotic protocols to better address vascular system dysfunction. Since treating SARS-CoV-2 infection and its potential long-term effects involves targeting the vascular compartment and/or mobilization of immature immune cells, we propose to define COVID-19 and its complications as a systemic vascular acquired hemopathy.
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Mathew A, Vignesh Balaji E, Pai SRK, Kishore A, Pai V, Chandrashekar KS. ABO phenotype and SARS-CoV-2 infection: Is there any correlation? INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2021; 90:104751. [PMID: 33540085 PMCID: PMC8035048 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is the currently evolving viral disease worldwide. It mainly targets the respiratory organs, tissues and causes illness. A plethora of studies has been performing to bring proper treatment and prevent people from the infection. Likewise, susceptibility to some infectious diseases has been associated with blood group phenotypes. The co-relationship of blood group with the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and death has been examined in numerous studies. This review explained the described studies regarding the correlation of blood group and the other essential factors with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mathew
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vignesh Balaji E
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreedhara Ranganath K Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Anoop Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasudev Pai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K S Chandrashekar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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11
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Zhang J, Pellicori P, Schutte R, Cleland JG. The association between blood groups and COVID-19 infection: a study from the UK Biobank. J Intern Med 2021; 289:747-748. [PMID: 33306225 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Pellicori
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - R Schutte
- Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - J G Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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12
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Al‐Youha SA, Alduaij W, Al‐Serri A, Almazeedi SM, Al‐Haddad M, Jamal MH, Shih AW, Al‐Sabah SK. The impact of ABO blood groups on clinical outcomes and susceptibility to COVID-19: A retrospective study in an unselected population. Transfusion 2021; 61:1631-1641. [PMID: 33682150 PMCID: PMC8250670 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ABO blood groups have been linked to susceptibility to infection with certain microorganisms, including coronaviruses. We examined the relationship between blood group and clinical outcomes in individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and compared their blood group distribution with the general population. METHODS At the inception of the pandemic, all individuals testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Kuwait were admitted to one designated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospital and enrolled in a prospective registry. Patients admitted from February 24 to May 27, 2020, were stratified according to blood group. As a control, blood groups of 3,730,027 anonymized individuals representing almost Kuwait's entire population were obtained from a national database. RESULTS Of 3305 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients, 37.1%, 25.5%, 28.9%, and 8.5% were groups O, A, B, and AB, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed no significant differences in severe clinical outcomes or death among the blood groups. However, multivariable analysis demonstrated that group A individuals had higher odds of developing pneumonia compared with non-group A (adjusted odds ratio 1.32, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.72, p < .036). Compared with the general population, the COVID-19 cohort had a lower frequency of group O, equivalent frequency of A, and higher frequency of B and AB. No significant difference in the RhD group was found. CONCLUSION This study supports potential involvement of the ABO blood group system in predisposing to infection with SARS-CoV-2 in an unselected population. Examination of the mechanistic link between blood group and COVID-19 and its implications on controlling the current pandemic is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Al‐Youha
- COVID‐19 Research GroupJaber Al‐Ahmad Al‐Sabah HospitalKuwait CityKuwait
| | - Waleed Alduaij
- COVID‐19 Research GroupJaber Al‐Ahmad Al‐Sabah HospitalKuwait CityKuwait
- Division of HematologyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Ahmad Al‐Serri
- Human Genetics Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of MedicineKuwait UniversityKuwait CityKuwait
| | | | - Mohannad Al‐Haddad
- COVID‐19 Research GroupJaber Al‐Ahmad Al‐Sabah HospitalKuwait CityKuwait
| | - Mohammad H. Jamal
- COVID‐19 Research GroupJaber Al‐Ahmad Al‐Sabah HospitalKuwait CityKuwait
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of MedicineKuwait UniversityKuwait CityKuwait
| | - Andrew W. Shih
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Centre for Blood ResearchUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Salman K. Al‐Sabah
- COVID‐19 Research GroupJaber Al‐Ahmad Al‐Sabah HospitalKuwait CityKuwait
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of MedicineKuwait UniversityKuwait CityKuwait
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13
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Mankelow TJ, Singleton BK, Moura PL, Stevens-Hernandez CJ, Cogan NM, Gyorffy G, Kupzig S, Nichols L, Asby C, Pooley J, Ruffino G, Hosseini F, Moghaddas F, Attwood M, Noel A, Cooper A, Arnold DT, Hamilton F, Hyams C, Finn A, Toye AM, Anstee DJ. Blood group type A secretors are associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 cardiovascular disease complications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2:175-187. [PMID: 34124710 PMCID: PMC8176350 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes COVID-19, an infection capable of causing severe disease and death but which can also be asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic. We investigated whether ABO blood group or secretor status was associated with COVID-19 severity. We investigated secretor status because expression of ABO glycans on secreted proteins and non-erythroid cells are controlled by a fucosyltransferase (FUT2), and inactivating FUT2 mutations result in a non-secretor phenotype which protects against some viral infections. Data combined from healthcare records and our own laboratory tests (n = 275) of hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction positive patients confirmed higher than expected numbers of blood group A individuals compared to O (RR = 1.24, CI 95% [1.05, 1.47], p = 0.0111). There was also a significant association between group A and COVID-19-related cardiovascular complications (RR = 2.56, CI 95% [1.43, 4.55], p = 0.0011) which is independent of gender. Molecular analysis revealed that group A non-secretors are significantly less likely to be hospitalized than secretors. Testing of convalescent plasma donors, among whom the majority displayed COVID-19 symptoms and only a small minority required hospitalization, group A non-secretors were slightly over-represented. Our findings showed that group A non-secretors are not resistant to infection by SARS-CoV-2, but are more likely to experience a less severe form of associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosti J Mankelow
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences (BITS) NHSBT, Filton Bristol UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Cell Products Bristol UK
| | - Belinda K Singleton
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences (BITS) NHSBT, Filton Bristol UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Cell Products Bristol UK
| | - Pedro L Moura
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine Department of Medicine (MedH) Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Christian J Stevens-Hernandez
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences (BITS) NHSBT, Filton Bristol UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Cell Products Bristol UK.,School of Biochemistry Biomedical Sciences Building University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Nicola M Cogan
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences (BITS) NHSBT, Filton Bristol UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Cell Products Bristol UK
| | - Gyongyver Gyorffy
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences (BITS) NHSBT, Filton Bristol UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Cell Products Bristol UK.,School of Biochemistry Biomedical Sciences Building University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Sabine Kupzig
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences (BITS) NHSBT, Filton Bristol UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Cell Products Bristol UK
| | - Luned Nichols
- Acute Medical Unit, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Claire Asby
- Acute Medical Unit, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Jennifer Pooley
- Acute Medical Unit, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Gabriella Ruffino
- Acute Medical Unit, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Faroakh Hosseini
- Acute Medical Unit, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Fiona Moghaddas
- Acute Medical Unit, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Marie Attwood
- Infection Sciences, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Alan Noel
- Infection Sciences, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Alex Cooper
- Infection Sciences, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - David T Arnold
- Infection Sciences, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK
| | - Fergus Hamilton
- Infection Sciences, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK.,Population Health Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Catherine Hyams
- Acute Medical Unit, Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK.,Academic Respiratory Unit Southmead Hospital North Bristol NHS Trust Bristol UK.,Population Health Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Adam Finn
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol Bristol UK.,Population Health Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK.,Bristol Vaccine Centre University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - Ashley M Toye
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences (BITS) NHSBT, Filton Bristol UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Cell Products Bristol UK.,School of Biochemistry Biomedical Sciences Building University of Bristol Bristol UK
| | - David J Anstee
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences (BITS) NHSBT, Filton Bristol UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Red Cell Products Bristol UK.,School of Biochemistry Biomedical Sciences Building University of Bristol Bristol UK
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14
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Solmaz İ, Araç S. ABO blood groups in COVID-19 patients; Cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13927. [PMID: 33296536 PMCID: PMC7883261 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the ABO and Rh blood group distribution and clinical characteristics in patients with COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS The clinical characteristics and blood groups of 1667 patients who were hospitalised because of COVID-19 (with a positive PCR test) between 16 March and 10 July were reviewed cross-sectionally. RESULTS When blood groups of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and control group were compared, it was observed that there was an increase in the number of COVID-19 patients with blood groups A and AB, decrease in the number of COVID-19 patients with blood group O, a statistically significant increase in the number of individuals with blood group A in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy individuals, and almost significant increase in the number of COVID-19 patients with blood group AB and a very significant decrease in the number of COVID-19 patients with blood group O. CONCLUSION Our study has found that having blood group O may be protective, that blood group A may have greater susceptibility to the disease, but this does not affect the course of the disease and is not associated with mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- İhsan Solmaz
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Health SciencesGazi Yasargil Training and Research HospitalDiyarbakırTurkey
| | - Songül Araç
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Health SciencesGazi Yasargil Training and Research HospitalDiyarbakırTurkey
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15
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Wu SC, Arthur CM, Wang J, Verkerke H, Josephson CD, Kalman D, Roback JD, Cummings RD, Stowell SR. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain preferentially recognizes blood group A. Blood Adv 2021; 5:1305-1309. [PMID: 33656534 PMCID: PMC7929867 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The RBD of SARS-CoV-2 shares sequence similarity with an ancient lectin family known to bind blood group antigens. SARS-CoV-2 RBD binds the blood group A expressed on respiratory epithelial cells, directly linking blood group A and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Chuen Wu
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Connie M Arthur
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Hans Verkerke
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Cassandra D Josephson
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Daniel Kalman
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - John D Roback
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; and
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Harvard Glycomics Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Harvard Glycomics Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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16
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Owusu M, Sylverken AA, El-Duah P, Acheampong G, Mutocheluh M, Adu-Sarkodie Y. Sero-epidemiology of human coronaviruses in three rural communities in Ghana. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 38:244. [PMID: 34104292 PMCID: PMC8164429 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.244.26110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) are responsible for significant proportions of illnesses and deaths annually. Most of ARIs are of viral etiology, with human coronaviruses (HCoVs) playing a key role. This study was conducted prior to the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) to provide evidence about the sero-epidemiology of HCoVs in rural areas of Ghana. METHODS this was a cross-sectional study conducted as part of a large epidemiological study investigating the occurrence of respiratory viruses in 3 rural areas of Ghana; Buoyem, Kwamang and Forikrom. Serum samples were collected and tested for the presence of IgG-antibodies to three HCoVs; HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-NL63 using immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS of 201 subjects enrolled into the study, 97 (48.3%) were positive for all three viruses. The most prevalent virus was HCoV-229E (23%; 95% CI: 17.2 - 29.3), followed by HCoV-OC43 (17%; 95% CI: 12.4 - 23.4), then HCoV-NL63 (8%, 95% CI: 4.6 - 12.6). Subjects in Kwamang had the highest sero-prevalence for HCoV-NL63 (68.8%). human coronaviruses-229E (41.3%) and HCoV-OC43 (45.7%) were much higher in Forikrom compared to the other study areas. There was however no statistical difference between place of origin and HCoVs positivity. Although blood group O+ and B+ were most common among the recruited subjects, there was no significant association (p = 0.163) between blood group and HCoV infection. CONCLUSION this study reports a 48.3% sero-prevalence of HCoVs (OC43, NL63 and 229E) among rural communities in Ghana. The findings provide useful baseline data that could inform further sero-epidemiological studies on SARS-CoV-2 in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Owusu
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Centre for Health Systems Strengthening, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Augustina Angelina Sylverken
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Philip El-Duah
- Institute of Virology, Charite, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Mohammed Mutocheluh
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Yaw Adu-Sarkodie
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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17
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Szymanski J, Mohrmann L, Carter J, Nelson R, Chekuri S, Assa A, Spund B, Reyes-Gil M, Uehlinger J, Baron S, Paroder M. ABO blood type association with SARS-CoV-2 infection mortality: A single-center population in New York City. Transfusion 2021; 61:1064-1070. [PMID: 33665881 PMCID: PMC8014690 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has a variable clinical course with significant mortality. Early reports suggested higher rates of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in patients with type A blood and enrichment of type A individuals among COVID‐19 mortalities. Study Design and Methods The study includes all patients hospitalized or with an emergency department (ED) visit who were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 between March 10, 2020 and June 8, 2020 and had a positive test result by nucleic acid test (NAT) performed on a nasopharyngeal swab specimen. A total of 4968 patients met the study inclusion criteria, with a subsequent 23.1% (n = 1146/4968) all‐cause mortality rate in the study cohort. To estimate overall risk by ABO type and account for the competing risks of in‐hospital mortality and discharge, we calculated the cumulative incidence function (CIF) for each event. Cause‐specific hazard ratios (csHRs) for in‐hospital mortality and discharge were analyzed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Results Type A blood was associated with the increased cause‐specific hazard of death among COVID‐19 patients compared to type O (HR = 1.17, 1.02–1.33, p = .02) and type B (HR = 1.32,1.10–1.58, p = .003). Conclusions Our study shows that ABO histo‐blood group type is associated with the risk of in‐hospital death in COVID‐19 patients, warranting additional inquiry. Elucidating the mechanism behind this association may reveal insights into the susceptibility and/or immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Szymanski
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Laurel Mohrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jamal Carter
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Randin Nelson
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Sweta Chekuri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Andrei Assa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Brian Spund
- Department of Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Morayma Reyes-Gil
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Joan Uehlinger
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Sarah Baron
- Department of Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Monika Paroder
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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18
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Franchini M, Glingani C, Liumbruno GM. Potential mechanisms of action of convalescent plasma in COVID-19. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 8:413-420. [PMID: 33652503 DOI: 10.1515/dx-2020-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic will be remembered as one of the worst catastrophic events in human history. Unfortunately, no universally recognized effective therapeutic agents are currently available for the treatment of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this context, the use of convalescent plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients has gained increasing interest thanks to the initially positive clinical reports. A number of mechanisms of action have been proposed for convalescent plasma, including direct neutralization and suppression of viremia, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulation effects and mitigation of the COVID-19-associated hypercoagulable state. These immune and non-immune mechanisms will be critically discussed in this narrative review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Franchini
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova, Italy
| | - Claudia Glingani
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova, Italy
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19
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Hacibekiroğlu T, Kalpakçı Y, Genç AC, Hacibekiroğlu İ, Sunu C, Saricaoğlu A, Tomak Y, Karabay O, Köroğlu M. Efficacy of convalescent plasma according to blood groups in COVID-19 patients. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:45-48. [PMID: 32950044 PMCID: PMC7991853 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2007-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim In this study, we aim to investigate the efficacy of convalescent plasma (CP) according to blood groups (BGs) in the treatment of critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Materials and methods Twenty-eight critically ill and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Sakarya University, Medical Faculty were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups: patients who received anti-A antibody (Ab) containing CP (BG O and B) and those who did not receive CP containing anti-A Ab (BG A and AB). Results Among the 28 patients, 13 patients received anti-A Ab containing CP (BG; B: 6, O: 7) and 15 patients did not receive anti-A Ab CP (BG; A: 13, AB: 2). Duration in ICU, the rates of mechanical ventilation (MV) support and vasopressor support, the case fatality rate, and the discharge rate were lower in patients who received CP containing anti-A Ab than not containing anti-A Ab CP. However, only the difference in the rate of MV support achieved statistically significance (P = 0.04) Conclusion In our study, it was observed that the efficiency of CP without anti-A antibody was lower than that of plasma containing anti-A antibody, although it was not statistically significant. This result is thought to be due to the anti-A antibody’s ability to block the ACE2 receptor. We believe that this hypothesis should be investigated in controlled studies with higher patient numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Hacibekiroğlu
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Yasin Kalpakçı
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ahmed Cihad Genç
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sakarya University, Research and Training Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - İlhan Hacibekiroğlu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Cenk Sunu
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Adem Saricaoğlu
- Department of Blood Transfusion Center, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Yakup Tomak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Karabay
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Köroğlu
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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20
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Ad’hiah AH, Abdullah MH, Alsudani MY, Shnawa RMS, Al-Sa’ady AJR, Allami RH, Misha’al KI, Jassim IA, Taqi EA. Association between ABO blood groups and susceptibility to COVID-19: profile of age and gender in Iraqi patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2020; 21:76. [PMID: 38624655 PMCID: PMC7744128 DOI: 10.1186/s43042-020-00115-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A case-control study was performed to examine age, gender, and ABO blood groups in 1014 Iraqi hospitalized cases with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 901 blood donors (control group). The infection was molecularly diagnosed by detecting coronavirus RNA in nasal swabs of patients. Results Mean age was significantly elevated in cases compared to controls (48.2 ± 13.8 vs. 29.9 ± 9.0 year; probability [p] < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated the predictive significance of age in COVID-19 evolution (Area under curve = 0.858; 95% CI: 0.841 - 0.875; p < 0.001). Males outnumbered females in cases (60.4 vs. 39.6%) and controls (56 vs. 44%). Stratification by age group (< 30, 30 - 39, 40 - 49 and ≥ 50 years) revealed that 48.3% of cases clustered in the age group ≥ 50 years. ABO blood group analysis showed that group A was the most common among cases, while group O was the most common among controls (35.5 and 36.7%, respectively). Blood groups A (35.5 vs. 32.7; corrected p [pc] = 0.021), A+AB (46.3 vs. 41.7%; pc = 0.021) and A+B+AB (68.0 vs. 63.3%; pc = 0.007) showed significantly elevated frequencies in cases compared to controls. Logistic regression analysis estimated odds ratios (ORs) of 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16 - 2.02), 1.48 (95% CI: 1.14 - 1.93) and 1.50 (95% CI: 1.17 - 1.82) for blood groups A, A+AB and A+B+AB, respectively. Blood group frequencies showed no significant differences between age groups of cases or controls. Regarding gender, male cases were marked with increased frequency of group A (39.9 vs. 28.9%) and decreased frequency of group O (25.9 vs. 41.0%) compared to female cases. Independent re-analysis of ABO blood groups in male and female cases demonstrated that group A was increased in male cases compared to male controls (39.9 vs. 33.1%; OR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.24 - 2.21; pc = 0.006). On the contrary, no significant differences were found between females of cases and controls. Conclusions The study results indicated that blood group A may be associated with an increased risk of developing COVID-19, particularly in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H. Ad’hiah
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Mustafa Y. Alsudani
- Basrah Health Office, Basrah, Ministry of Health and Environment, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Rasool M. S. Shnawa
- Alforat Hospital, Baghdad, Ministry of Health and Environment, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali J. R. Al-Sa’ady
- Biotechnology Department, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Khawla I. Misha’al
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Iftikhar A. Jassim
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Estabraq A. Taqi
- Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq
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The impact of ABO blood group on COVID-19 infection risk and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood Rev 2020; 48:100785. [PMID: 33309392 PMCID: PMC7834371 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. Several studies report that ABO blood group polymorphism may be related to COVID-19 susceptibility and clinical outcomes; however, the results are controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether ABO blood groups are associated with increased COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. A total of 715 articles were retrieved from seven databases. Ten articles were selected for meta-analysis after removal of duplicates and two levels of screenings. Overall, individuals with blood group A [odds ratio (OR) = 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14 to 1.56] and B (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.13) had a substantially higher risk of COVID-19, whereas this was not the case for blood group AB (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.30). Individuals with blood group O was not prone to develop the disease (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.84). Moreover, the risk of COVID-19 was significantly associated with the Rh-positive blood group (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.50). A meta-analysis of 5 studies suggested that blood group A was associated with a significantly increased risk of COVID-19 mortality (OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.52). Mild publication bias was found in the included studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that blood groups A and B may be risk factors for COVID-19, whereas the blood group O appears to be protective. Blood group A may be related to unfavourable outcomes. Further rigorous and high-quality research evidence is needed to confirm this association.
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Risk and Severity of COVID-19 and ABO Blood Group in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113769. [PMID: 33266474 PMCID: PMC7700222 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
While cardiovascular disease has been associated with an increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), no studies have described its clinical course in patients with aortic stenosis who had undergone transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Numerous observational studies have reported an association between the A blood group and an increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our objective was to investigate the frequency and clinical course of COVID-19 in a large sample of patients who had undergone TAVR and to determine the associations of the ABO blood group with disease occurrence and outcomes. Patients who had undergone TAVR between 2010 and 2019 were included in this study and followed-up through the recent COVID-19 outbreak. The occurrence and severity (hospitalization and/or death) of COVID-19 and their associations with the ABO blood group served as the main outcome measures. Of the 1125 patients who had undergone TAVR, 403 (36%) died before 1 January 2020, and 20 (1.8%) were lost to follow-up. The study sample therefore consisted of 702 patients. Of them, we identified 22 cases (3.1%) with COVID-19. Fourteen patients (63.6%) were hospitalized or died of disease. Multivariable analysis identified the A blood group (vs. others) as the only independent predictor of COVID-19 in patients who had undergone TAVR (odds ratio (OR) = 6.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.11-18.92; p = 0.001). The A blood group (vs. others; OR = 8.27; 95% CI = 1.83-37.43, p = 0.006) and a history of cancer (OR = 4.99; 95% CI = 1.64-15.27, p = 0.005) were significantly and independently associated with disease severity (hospitalization and/or death). We conclude that patients who have undergone TAVR frequently have a number of cardiovascular comorbidities that may work to increase the risk of COVID-19. The subgroup with the A blood group was especially prone to developing the disease and showed unfavorable outcomes.
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23
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Kuijpers Y, Chu X, Jaeger M, Moorlag SJ, Koeken VA, Zhang B, de Nooijer A, Grondman I, Janssen N, Mourits VP, J. de Bree LC, de Mast Q, van de Veerdonk FL, Joosten LA, Li Y, Netea MG, Xu C. The genetic risk for COVID-19 severity is associated with defective innate immune responses.. [DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.10.20229203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractRecent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of COVID-19 patients of European ancestry have identified genetic loci significantly associated with disease severity (1). Here, we employed the detailed clinical, immunological and multi-omics dataset of the Human Functional Genomics Projects (HFGP) to explore the physiological significance of the host genetic variants that influence susceptibility to severe COVID-19. A genomics investigation intersected with functional characterization of individuals with high genetic risk for severe COVID-19 susceptibility identified several major patterns: i. a large impact of genetically determined innate immune responses in COVID-19, with increased susceptibility for severe disease in individuals with defective monocyte-derived cytokine production; ii. genetic susceptibility related to ABO blood groups is probably mediated through the von Willebrand factor (VWF) and endothelial dysfunction. We further validated these identified associations at transcript and protein levels by using independent disease cohorts. These insights allow a physiological understanding of genetic susceptibility to severe COVID-19, and indicate pathways that could be targeted for prevention and therapy.One Sentence summaryIn this study, we explore the physiological significance of the genetic variants associated with COVID-19 severity using detailed clinical, immunological and multi-omics data from large cohorts. Our findings allow a physiological understanding of genetic susceptibility to severe COVID-19, and indicate pathways that could be targeted for prevention and therapy.
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Rieder M, Goller I, Jeserich M, Baldus N, Pollmeier L, Wirth L, Supady A, Bode C, Busch HJ, Schmid B, Duerschmied D, Gauchel N, Lother A. Rate of venous thromboembolism in a prospective all-comers cohort with COVID-19. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 50:558-566. [PMID: 32617807 PMCID: PMC7331913 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is associated with a variety of clinical complications including coagulopathy, which frequently results in venous thromboembolism (VTE). Retrospective analyses reported a markedly increased rate of VTEs in COVID-19. However, most recent studies on coagulopathy in COVID-19 were only focused on critically ill patients, and without suitable control groups. We aimed to evaluate the rate of VTEs in an all-comers cohort with suspected COVID-19 during a 30-days follow-up period. We also studied the level of D-dimers and their association with the course of disease. In our prospective single-center study (DRKS00021206, 03/30/2020), we analyzed 190 patients with suspected COVID-19 admitted to the emergency department between March and April 2020. Forty-nine patients were SARS-CoV-2 positive (25.8%). The 141 SARS-CoV-2-negative patients served as control group. After completion of a 30-days follow-up, VTE was diagnosed in 3 patients of the SARS-CoV-2-positive group (6.1%, amongst these 2 ICU cases) versus 5 patients in the SARS-CoV-2-negative group (3.5%), however the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.427). 30-days mortality was similar in both groups (6.1% vs. 5%, p = 0.720). Disease severity correlated with the maximum level of D-dimers during follow-up in COVID-19. The rate of VTE was numerically higher in SARS-CoV-2 positive all-comers presenting with suspected COVID-19 as compared to well-matched controls suffering from similar symptoms. VTEs in the COVID-19 group predominantly occurred in ICU courses. The maximum level of D-dimers during follow-up was associated with disease severity in COVID-19, whereas the level of D-dimers at admission was not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rieder
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Isabella Goller
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maren Jeserich
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Baldus
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luisa Pollmeier
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luisa Wirth
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Supady
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bode
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Busch
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bonaventura Schmid
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Duerschmied
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Gauchel
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Achim Lother
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Elias M, Pievani D, Randoux C, Louis K, Denis B, Delion A, Le Goff O, Antoine C, Greze C, Pillebout E, Abboud I, Glotz D, Daugas E, Lefaucheur C. COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Disease Incidence and Clinical Outcomes. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:2413-2423. [PMID: 32847984 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has been associated with high morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients. However, risk factors for COVID-19 disease in patients with kidney transplants remain poorly defined. METHODS We enrolled patients who underwent kidney transplantation and were actively followed up in two hospitals in Paris on March 1st, 2020. Patients were screened for baseline and transplant characteristics, functional parameters, comorbidities, and immunosuppressive therapies. COVID-19 disease was assessed. Patients were followed up during the pandemic until April 30th, 2020 by the COVID-19 SLS KT survey program, including teleconsulting, at-home monitoring for patients with COVID-19, and a dedicated phone hotline platform. RESULTS Among 1216 patients with kidney transplants enrolled, 66 (5%) patients were identified with COVID-19 disease, which is higher than the incidence observed in the general population in France (0.3%). Their mean age was 56.4±12.5 years, and 37 (56%) patients were men. The following factors were independently associated with COVID-19 disease: non-White ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.17; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.23 to 3.78; P=0.007), obesity (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.19 to 4.05; P=0.01), asthma and chronic pulmonary disease (OR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.49 to 6.41; P=0.002), and diabetes (OR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.92 to 5.77; P<0.001). The mortality rate related to COVID-19 disease was 1% in the overall study population and 24% in COVID-19-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients with kidney transplants display a high risk of mortality. Non-White ethnicity and comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, asthma, and chronic pulmonary disease were associated with higher risk of developing COVID-19 disease. It is imperative that policy makers urgently ensure the integration of such risk factors on response operations against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Elias
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Daniele Pievani
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christine Randoux
- Nephrology Department, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Kevin Louis
- Paris Translational Research Center for Organ Transplantation, INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), UMR-S970, Paris, France
| | - Blandine Denis
- Infectious Diseases Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Delion
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Océane Le Goff
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Antoine
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Clarisse Greze
- Nephrology Department, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Evangeline Pillebout
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Imad Abboud
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Denis Glotz
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Paris Translational Research Center for Organ Transplantation, INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), UMR-S970, Paris, France
| | - Eric Daugas
- Nephrology Department, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Carmen Lefaucheur
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Paris Translational Research Center for Organ Transplantation, INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), UMR-S970, Paris, France
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26
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Mendy A, Keller JL, Apewokin S, Morrow AL. Is Blood Type Associated with COVID-19 Severity? MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2020. [PMID: 32817977 DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.11.20172676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Blood type purportedly influences susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but whether it affects severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear. Therefore, we examined the association of blood type and rhesus with hospitalization and disease severity among 428 COVID-19 patients diagnosed at the University of Cincinnati health system. In the sample, 50.2% of participants had the blood type O, 38.7% had the blood type A, 17.5% had the blood type B, and 3.5% had the blood type AB. In analysis adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities, the blood types A (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.54, 1.50), B (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.51, 1.69), AB (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.20, 2.41), and O (OR: 1.18, 95%: 0.74, 1.98) were not associated with hospitalization for COVID-19. Similarly, the blood types A (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.52, 1.65), B (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.46, 1.84), AB (OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.04, 2.44), and O (OR: 1.25, 95%: 0.73, 2.14) were not associated with admission to intensive care unit or death in COVID-19. In conclusion, blood type is not associated with hospitalization or disease severity in COVID-19; therefore, it may not be useful marker for identifying patients at risk for severe COVID-19.
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Leaf RK, Al-Samkari H, Brenner SK, Gupta S, Leaf DE. ABO phenotype and death in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Br J Haematol 2020; 190:e204-e208. [PMID: 32609874 PMCID: PMC7361419 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Leaf
- Division of Hematology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hanny Al-Samkari
- Division of Hematology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samantha K Brenner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine at Seton Hall, Nutley, NJ, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Heart and Vascular Hospital, Hackensack Meridian Health Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Shruti Gupta
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David E Leaf
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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28
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Flegel WA. COVID-19 insights from transfusion medicine. Br J Haematol 2020; 190:715-717. [PMID: 32640485 PMCID: PMC7361384 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Willy A Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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