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Guo L, Yao Q, Lv J, Li Z, Wang LA, Zhang J. Anti-Hyperglycemic Effect of the Brown Slime Cap Mushroom Chroogomphus rutilus (Agaricomycetes) Crude Polysaccharide In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Med Mushrooms 2024; 26:1-12. [PMID: 38801084 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2024053173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, and it is very important to study new hypoglycemic active substances. In this study, we investigated the hypoglycemic effect of Chroogomphus rutilus crude polysaccharide (CRCP) in HepG2 cells and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. A glucose consumption experiment conducted in HepG2 cells demonstrated the in vitro hypoglycemic activity of CRCP. Furthermore, CRCP exhibited significant hypoglycemic effects and effectively ameliorated insulin resistance in insulin resistant HepG2 cells. In high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, after 4 weeks of CRCP administration, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glutamate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and insulin resistance index significantly decreased, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were markedly increased. Moreover, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunofluorescence labeling of tissue sections indicated that CRCP attenuated the pathological damage of liver and pancreas in diabetic mice. These results indicate that CRCP is a potential hypoglycemic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Guo
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingguo Yao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Li
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-An Wang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Jinxiu Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
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Izbicka E, Streeper RT. Mitigation of Insulin Resistance by Natural Products from a New Class of Molecules, Membrane-Active Immunomodulators. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:913. [PMID: 37513825 PMCID: PMC10386479 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR), accompanied by an impaired cellular glucose uptake, characterizes diverse pathologies that include, but are not limited to, metabolic disease, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Chronic inflammation associated with deranged cellular signaling is thought to contribute to IR. The key molecular players in IR are plasma membrane proteins, including the insulin receptor and glucose transporter 4. Certain natural products, such as lipids, phenols, terpenes, antibiotics and alkaloids have beneficial effects on IR, yet their mode of action remains obscured. We hypothesized that these products belong to a novel class of bioactive molecules that we have named membrane-active immunomodulators (MAIMs). A representative MAIM, the naturally occurring medium chain fatty acid ester diethyl azelate (DEA), has been shown to increase the fluidity of cell plasma membranes with subsequent downstream effects on cellular signaling. DEA has also been shown to improve markers of IR, including blood glucose, insulin and lipid levels, in humans. The literature supports the notion that DEA and other natural MAIMs share similar mechanisms of action in improving IR. These findings shed a new light on the mechanism of IR mitigation using natural products, and may facilitate the discovery of other compounds with similar activities.
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Jiang J, Gu Y, Ding S, Zhang G, Ding J. Resveratrol reversed ambient particulate matter exposure-perturbed oscillations of hepatic glucose metabolism by regulating SIRT1 in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:31821-31834. [PMID: 36459324 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Much evidence has shown that ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure is associated with abnormal glucose metabolism, but the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully characterized. Circadian disruption has adverse effects on glucose metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of long-term ambient PM exposure on the hepatic circadian clock and the expression rhythm of genes associated with hepatic glucose metabolism in mice. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to filtered air (FA), ambient PM, or ambient PM plus resveratrol (RES). After 15 weeks (12 h per day, 7 days per week) of exposure, glucose homeostasis, the rhythmic expression of clock genes, and genes associated with hepatic glucose metabolism were determined. Our results found that PM exposure induced glucose metabolism disorder and perturbed the rhythmic mRNA expression of core clock genes and their target genes involved in hepatic glucose metabolism. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that ambient PM exposure markedly altered the expression patterns of BMAL1, clock, and SIRT1 in vivo. Simultaneously, we demonstrated that RES (an activator of SIRT1) changed the expression pattern of SIRT1, thereby reversing the rhythm misalignment of BMAL1 and clock and hepatic glucose metabolism disorder induced by ambient PM exposure. In addition, PM2.5 exposure perturbed the rhythmic protein expression of BMAL1, clock, and SIRT1 in L-02 cells. Simultaneously, we demonstrated that RES restored the SIRT1 circadian rhythm, which reversed the rhythm misalignment of BMAL1 and clock in L-02 cells induced by PM2.5 exposure. Taken together, our results suggested that long-term ambient PM exposure perturbed the hepatic core circadian clock rhythm and caused glucose metabolism disorder, which could be reversed by RES supplementation. Our study offers a potential application of RES for combating circadian misalignment-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Jiang
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Gu
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibin Ding
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guofu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Ding
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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Gao Z, Wang G, Ma X, Tan H, Zhang C, Yin X, Suo F, Yao R, Yan X. Troxerutin attenuates insulin resistance via pancreatic IL-22/JAK1/STAT3 signaling activation in dihydrotestosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E405-E417. [PMID: 36103628 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00150.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely common endocrine-metabolic disorder and the main cause of infertility in premenopausal women, thus targeted treatments are sorely needed. Accumulative evidence showed that exogenous supplementation of IL-22 in PCOS mice may be of significant positive effect on insulin resistance (IR), a root causative factor for this condition, but much remained unknown about its mechanism. According to our previous study, troxerutin, a common anticoagulant and thrombolytic agent in clinic, alleviated various PCOS-like phenotypes in dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-treated rat model with unclear mechanism. Here, glucose tolerance tests (GTTs), insulin tolerance tests (ITTs), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) analyses revealed that troxerutin treatment in DHT-treated rats also significantly improved insulin resistance and enhanced serum IL-22 levels, which thereby activated IL-22R1/Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in pancreatic islet. This protective effect of troxerutin on insulin resistance improvement was blocked by an inhibitor of p-STAT3, S3I-201. Troxerutin administration to DHT rats decreased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and enhanced secondary bile acid profiles, which were positively correlated with serum IL-22 concentration. Conclusively, the present study reported that troxerutin is an endogenous enhancer of IL-22 and the effect of troxerutin on insulin resistance improvement was via IL-22R1/JAK1/STAT3 signaling activation in a DHT-induced PCOS rat model. These insights may be translated into a primary therapeutic agent for PCOS with insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Troxerutin decreased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, along with enhancement of secondary bile acids/IL-22 system, which thereby activated its downstream IL-22R1/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway in pancreatic β cells, subsequently attenuated insulin resistance (IR), hyperandrogenism and PCOS-like phenotypes in DHT-induced PCOS rat models. Troxerutin is an endogenous IL-22 enhancer and may be of therapeutic value for PCOS with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yin
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Suo
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Yan
- Clinical Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Jiang J, Tang T, Peng Y, Liu M, Liu Q, Mi P, Yang Z, Chen H, Zheng X. Research progress on antidiabetic activity of apigenin derivatives. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Bai Y, Mo K, Wang G, Chen W, Zhang W, Guo Y, Sun Z. Intervention of Gastrodin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:710722. [PMID: 34603025 PMCID: PMC8481818 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.710722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As a severe metabolic disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a serious threat to human health in recent years. Gastrodin, as a primary chemical constituent in Gastrodia elata Blume, has antidiabetic effects. However, the possible mechanisms are unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of gastrodin on the treatment of T2DM. In vivo, after treatment with gastrodin for 6 weeks, fasting blood glucose levels, blood lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity index values were remarkably reduced compared with those of the diabetic control group. The values of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase also showed that gastrodin alleviates liver toxicity caused by diabetes. Moreover, gastrodin relieved pathological damage to the pancreas in T2DM rats. In vitro, gastrodin alleviated insulin resistance by increasing glucose consumption, glucose uptake, and glycogen content in dexamethasone-induced HepG2 cells. The Western blotting results showed that gastrodin upregulated the expression of insulin receptors and ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4) and increased the phosphorylation of GATA binding protein 1 (GATA1) and protein kinase B (AKT) in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, gastrodin decreased the ubiquitin level of the insulin receptor via UPS4 and increased the binding of GATA1 to the USP4 promoter. Additionally, administration of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway inhibitors MK-2206 and LY294002 abolished the beneficial effects of gastrodin. Our results indicate that gastrodin promotes the phosphorylation of GATA1 via the PI3K/AKT pathway, enhances the transcriptional activity of GATA1, and then increases the expression level of USP4, thereby reducing the ubiquitination and degradation of insulin receptors and ultimately improving insulin resistance. Our study provides scientific evidence for the beneficial actions and underlying mechanism of gastrodin in the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Mo
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guirong Wang
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wanling Chen
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Ningqiang Chinese Herbal Medicine Industry Development Center, Hanzhong, China
| | - Yibo Guo
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Sun
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Leis K, Kulczyńska A, Racinowski M, Kaczor P, Gołębiewski J, Januszko-Giergielewicz B. Genistein–a supplement improving efficiency of the human body: A review. Sci Sports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Aliabadi M, Zamani-Garmsiri F, Panahi G, Tehrani SS, Meshkani R. Metformin in combination with genistein ameliorates skeletal muscle inflammation in high-fat diet fed c57BL/6 mice. Cytokine 2021; 146:155638. [PMID: 34242900 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although the beneficial effects of metformin (MET) and genistein in ameliorating inflammation have been elucidated, their combined impacts on skeletal muscle inflammation have not been clearly understood. This study aimed to examine the possible preventive effect of MET in combination with genistein on skeletal muscle inflammation in high-fat diet (HFD) fed C57BL/6 mice. Fifty C57BL/6 male mice were fed on an HFD for 10 weeks. The mice were categorized into five groups, control, HFD, HFD + MET (0.23%), HFD + genistein (0.2%), and HFD + MET + genistein for 12 weeks. The results showed that treatment with MET and genistein, either alone or in combination, led to reduced weight gain, fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, HOMA-IR levels, and Area Under the Curves (AUCs) in ipGTT. MET in combination with genistein demonstrated a decreasing effect on macrophages infiltration rate compared to genistein and MET groups alone. The expression of iNOS was reduced, whereas the expression of M2 macrophage markers was increased in combined treatment of MET and genistein. Furthermore, MET in combination with genistein reduced the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, and IL-6 and increased the expression of IL-10 in comparison with genistein and MET groups alone. Plasma and skeletal muscle triglycerides and intra-myocellular lipid deposition were reversed by treatment with MET and genistein, alone or in combination. These results imply that the combination therapy of MET and genistein may have therapeutic potential for decreasing obesity-induced skeletal muscle inflammation in the HFD-fed model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoume Aliabadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Zamani-Garmsiri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Panahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Zhu K, Meng Z, Tian Y, Gu R, Xu Z, Fang H, Liu W, Huang W, Ding G, Xiao W. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of total glycosides of Cistanche tubulosa in diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 276:113991. [PMID: 33675914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cistanche tubulosa (Schrenk) R. Wight (Orobanchaceae) is a frequently prescribed component in many traditional herbal prescriptions which are used to treat diabetes in China. In recent studies, the antidiabetic activity of Cistanche tubulosa extracts have been confirmed. However, no systematic investigation has been reported on the total glycosides of Cistatnche tubulosa (TGCT). AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of TGCT and the potential mechanisms in diet/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, and to chemically characterize the main constituents of TGCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS The major constituents of TGCT were characterized by HPLC/Q-TOF-MS and the analytical quantification was performed with HPLC-DAD. Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFSD) and a single injection of STZ (30 mg/kg). TGCT (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) or metformin (200 mg/kg) were orally administered for 6 weeks. Body weight and calorie intake were monitored throughout the experiment. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), area under curve of glucose (AUC-G), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin, serum C-peptide, glycogen content and insulin sensitivity index were tested. The levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β, the activities of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase were assayed. Meanwhile, the changes in serum lipid profiles, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde and inflammatory factors were measured. Histological of pancreas were also evaluated by haematoxylin-eosin stain. RESULTS Our investigation revealed the presence of phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs): echinacoside (500.19 ± 11.52 mg/g), acteoside (19.13 ± 1.44 mg/g) and isoacteoside (141.82 ± 5.78 mg/g) in TGCT. Pharmacological tests indicated that TGCT significantly reversed STZ-induced weight loss (11.1%, 200 mg/kg); decreased FPG (56.4%, 200 mg/kg) and HbA1c (37.4%, 200 mg/kg); ameliorated the OGTT, AUC-G and insulin sensitivity; increased glycogen content (40.8% in liver and 52.6% in muscle, 200 mg/kg) and the activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes; regulated lipid profile changes and the activities of antioxidant enzymes; diminished serum markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that TGCT was an effective nutritional agent for ameliorating hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in diet/STZ-induced diabetic rats, which might be largely attributed to the activities of TGCT on inhibitions of oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiniu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China; Huzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Zhaoqing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China; Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, 250103, China
| | - Yushan Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Rui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China
| | - Zhongkun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China
| | - Hui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China
| | - Wenzhe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China
| | - Gang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China.
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Dietary Flavonoids and Insulin Signaling in Diabetes and Obesity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061474. [PMID: 34208379 PMCID: PMC8231211 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are relevant worldwide chronic diseases. A common complication in both pathologies is the dysregulation of the insulin-signaling pathway that is crucial to maintain an accurate glucose homeostasis. Flavonoids are naturally occurring phenolic compounds abundant in fruits, vegetables and seeds. Rising evidence supports a role for the flavonoids against T2D and obesity, and at present, these compounds are considered as important potential chemopreventive agents. This review summarizes in vitro and in vivo studies providing data related to the effects of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods on the modulation of the insulin route during T2D and obesity. Notably, few human studies have evaluated the regulatory effect of these phenolic compounds at molecular level on the insulin pathway. In this context, it is also important to note that the mechanism of action for the flavonoids is not fully characterized and that a proper dosage to obtain a beneficial effect on health has not been defined yet. Further investigations will contribute to solve all these critical challenges and will enable the use of flavonoids to prevent, delay or support the treatment of T2D and obesity.
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Rosenzweig T, Sampson SR. Activation of Insulin Signaling by Botanical Products. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084193. [PMID: 33919569 PMCID: PMC8073144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide health problem, ranked as one of the leading causes for severe morbidity and premature mortality in modern society. Management of blood glucose is of major importance in order to limit the severe outcomes of the disease. However, despite the impressive success in the development of new antidiabetic drugs, almost no progress has been achieved with regard to the development of novel insulin-sensitizing agents. As insulin resistance is the most eminent factor in the patho-etiology of T2D, it is not surprising that an alarming number of patients still fail to meet glycemic goals. Owing to its wealth of chemical structures, the plant kingdom is considered as an inventory of compounds exerting various bioactivities, which might be used as a basis for the development of novel medications for various pathologies. Antidiabetic activity is found in over 400 plant species, and is attributable to varying mechanisms of action. Nevertheless, relatively limited evidence exists regarding phytochemicals directly activating insulin signaling, which is the focus of this review. Here, we will list plants and phytochemicals that have been found to improve insulin sensitivity by activation of the insulin signaling cascade, and will describe the active constituents and their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tovit Rosenzweig
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Nutritional Studies, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel
- Correspondence:
| | - Sanford R. Sampson
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Rehovot and Faculty of Life Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel;
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12
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The Role of Isoflavones in Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Treatment-A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010218. [PMID: 33379327 PMCID: PMC7795922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the growing number of type 2 diabetic individuals and the substantial social and financial costs associated with diabetes management, every effort should be made to improve its prevention and treatment methods. There is an ongoing search for natural dietary compounds that could be used for this purpose. This narrative review focuses on the therapeutic potential of isoflavones in diabetes prevention and treatment. This review summarizes (i) the molecular mechanisms of isoflavones action that are critical to their anti-diabetic properties; (ii) preclinical (in vitro and in vivo) studies evaluating the influence of isoflavones on the function of key organs involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes; and (iii) epidemiological studies and clinical trials that assessed the effectiveness of isoflavones in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes in humans. Apart from discussing the effects of isoflavones on the function of organs “classically” associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes (pancreas, liver, muscles, and adipose tissue), the impact of these compounds on other organs that contribute to the glucose homeostasis (gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and brain) is also reviewed.
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Ahmed QU, Ali AHM, Mukhtar S, Alsharif MA, Parveen H, Sabere ASM, Nawi MSM, Khatib A, Siddiqui MJ, Umar A, Alhassan AM. Medicinal Potential of Isoflavonoids: Polyphenols That May Cure Diabetes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235491. [PMID: 33255206 PMCID: PMC7727648 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there is emerging evidence that isoflavonoids, either dietary or obtained from traditional medicinal plants, could play an important role as a supplementary drug in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to their reported pronounced biological effects in relation to multiple metabolic factors associated with diabetes. Hence, in this regard, we have comprehensively reviewed the potential biological effects of isoflavonoids, particularly biochanin A, genistein, daidzein, glycitein, and formononetin on metabolic disorders and long-term complications induced by T2DM in order to understand whether they can be future candidates as a safe antidiabetic agent. Based on in-depth in vitro and in vivo studies evaluations, isoflavonoids have been found to activate gene expression through the stimulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) (α, γ), modulate carbohydrate metabolism, regulate hyperglycemia, induce dyslipidemia, lessen insulin resistance, and modify adipocyte differentiation and tissue metabolism. Moreover, these natural compounds have also been found to attenuate oxidative stress through the oxidative signaling process and inflammatory mechanism. Hence, isoflavonoids have been envisioned to be able to prevent and slow down the progression of long-term diabetes complications including cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Further thoroughgoing investigations in human clinical studies are strongly recommended to obtain the optimum and specific dose and regimen required for supplementation with isoflavonoids and derivatives in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamar Uddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia; (A.H.M.A); (A.S.M.S.); (M.S.M.N.); (A.K.); (M.J.S.)
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (Q.U.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Abdul Hasib Mohd Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia; (A.H.M.A); (A.S.M.S.); (M.S.M.N.); (A.K.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Sayeed Mukhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (H.P.)
- Correspondence: (Q.U.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Meshari A. Alsharif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (H.P.)
| | - Humaira Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (H.P.)
| | - Awis Sukarni Mohmad Sabere
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia; (A.H.M.A); (A.S.M.S.); (M.S.M.N.); (A.K.); (M.J.S.)
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Sufian Mohd. Nawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia; (A.H.M.A); (A.S.M.S.); (M.S.M.N.); (A.K.); (M.J.S.)
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia; (A.H.M.A); (A.S.M.S.); (M.S.M.N.); (A.K.); (M.J.S.)
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Jamshed Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia; (A.H.M.A); (A.S.M.S.); (M.S.M.N.); (A.K.); (M.J.S.)
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang DM, Malaysia
| | - Abdulrashid Umar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P M B: 2436 Sokoto, Nigeria; (A.U.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Alhassan Muhammad Alhassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P M B: 2436 Sokoto, Nigeria; (A.U.); (A.M.A.)
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14
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The effect of soya consumption on inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Br J Nutr 2020; 125:780-791. [PMID: 32814603 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a major cause of chronic diseases. Several studies have investigated the effects of soya intake on inflammatory biomarkers; however, the results are equivocal. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials that evaluated the effect of soya consumption on inflammatory biomarkers. Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar were systematically searched, up to and including May 2020, for clinical trials that evaluated the effects of soya and soya products on TNF-α, IL-6, IL-2, IL-1β and interferon γ (IFN-γ) in adults. A random effects method was used to calculate overall effects, and subgroup analyses were performed to discern probable sources of inter-study heterogeneity. A total of twenty-eight clinical trials were included. Although soya consumption reduced TNF-α (Hedges' g = -0·28; 95 % CI -0·49, -0·07), it had no significant effect on IL-6 (Hedges' g = 0·07, 95 % CI -0·14, 0·28), IL-2 (mean difference (MD) = -1·38 pg/ml; 95 % CI -3·07, 0·31), IL-1β (MD = -0·02 pg/ml; 95 % CI -0·08, 0·03) and IFN-γ (MD = 1685·82 pg/ml; 95 % CI -1604·86, 4976·50). Subgroup analysis illustrated a reduction in TNF-α in parallel designed studies, at dosages ≥100 mg of isoflavones, and in unhealthy subjects. The present study showed that high doses of isoflavones in unhealthy subjects may yield beneficial effects on TNF-α.
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Wang M, Chang SQ, Tian YS, Zhang GQ, Qi J. Zengye Decoction Ameliorates Insulin Resistance by Promoting Glucose Uptake. Rejuvenation Res 2020; 23:367-376. [PMID: 31941423 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2019.2228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing in recent years and has become a serious threat to human health. Zengye Decoction (ZYD), a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal formula, has been used in the treatment of T2DM with yin asthenia and extreme heat since Qing Dynasty. However, the characteristics of antidiabetic activities of ZYD have not been fully elucidated. In our study, high-fat diet and streptozotocin were used to establish the T2DM rat model. After 3 weeks of treatment with ZYD, the fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance, the fasting serum insulin concentration, insulin sensitivity index (ISI), serum lipid profiles, and pancreas histopathology were measured. Then, under circumstance of insulin-resistant glucose consumption, 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-l,3-diazol-4-yl) amino)-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) uptake and glycogen content in C2C12 myotubes, 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and HepG2 cells were determined, respectively. Finally, the expressions of key targets in the insulin signaling pathway were measured to explain the potential mechanism underlying these activities. After administration with ZYD, a notable reduction in FBG levels, oral glucose tolerance test-area under the curve, blood lipid metabolism, and ISI values were observed compared with the diabetic control group. Moreover, ZYD restored the damaged islet cells in T2DM rats. Significant increases in glucose consumption, glucose uptake, glycogen content, expression of glucose transporter type 4, and the ratio of p-Akt/Akt were observed in the ZYD groups. According to the above results, ZYD exhibited glucose disposal, including glucose consumption, glucose uptake, and glycogen content and promoted the Akt signal pathway, which indicates that ZYD exerts significant hypoglycemic effect in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan-Quan Chang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Shan Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ge-Qiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Xin X, Chen C, Hu YY, Feng Q. Protective effect of genistein on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109047. [PMID: 31176163 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NAFLD is a vital health problem worldwide; however, no effective treatment is currently available for NAFLD. Intensive studies have indicated the efficacy of genistein (GE), a bioactive isoflavone extracted from soy, in treating NAFLD. In addition to its oestrogen-like effects, GE is known to have multiple molecular effects, for instance, lipid and glucose metabolism-promoting effects and activities against lipid peroxidation, inflammation, fibrosis, and NAFLD-related tumours. Here, this review summarizes the potential role of GE in the treatment and prevention of NAFLD and some of the currently known targets and signalling pathways of GE in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xin
- Institute of Liver diseases, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Institute of Liver diseases, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi-Yang Hu
- Institute of Liver diseases, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qin Feng
- Institute of Liver diseases, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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17
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Russo B, Picconi F, Malandrucco I, Frontoni S. Flavonoids and Insulin-Resistance: From Molecular Evidences to Clinical Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2061. [PMID: 31027340 PMCID: PMC6539502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-resistance is one of the main factors responsible for the onset and progression of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Among all polyphenols, the effects of flavonoids and their main food sources on insulin sensitivity have been widely evaluated in molecular and clinical studies. The aim of this review is to analyse the data observed in vitro, in vivo and in clinical trials concerning the effects of flavonoids on insulin resistance and to determine the molecular mechanisms with which flavonoids interact with insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Russo
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, S.Giovanni Calibita, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 00186 Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Picconi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, S.Giovanni Calibita, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 00186 Rome, Italy.
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Malandrucco
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, S.Giovanni Calibita, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 00186 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simona Frontoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, S.Giovanni Calibita, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 00186 Rome, Italy.
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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18
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Ding S, Jiang J, Wang Z, Zhang G, Yin J, Wang X, Wang S, Yu Z. Resveratrol reduces the inflammatory response in adipose tissue and improves adipose insulin signaling in high-fat diet-fed mice. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5173. [PMID: 29967759 PMCID: PMC6027658 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity-induced glucose metabolism disorder is associated with chronic, low-grade, systemic inflammation and is considered a risk factor for diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Resveratrol (RES), a natural anti-inflammatory compound, is observed to improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in obese rodents and humans. This study aimed to test the effects of RES administration on insulin signaling and the inflammatory response in visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. Methods A total of 40 wild-type C57BL/6 male mice were divided into four groups (10 in each group): the standard chow diet (STD) group was fed a STD; the HFD group was fed a HFD; and the HFD-RES/L and HFD-RES/H groups were fed a HFD plus RES (200 and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively). The L and H in RES/L and RES/H stand for low and high, respectively. Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, circulating inflammatory biomarkers and lipid profile were determined. Quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to determine the expression of CC-chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), other inflammation markers, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and pAkt/Akt and to assess targets of interest involving glucose metabolism and inflammation in visceral WAT. Results HFD increased the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and proinflammatory cytokines in serum, decreased the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in serum, and induced insulin resistance and WAT inflammation in mice. However, RES treatment alleviated insulin resistance, increased the expressions of pAkt, GLUT4 and IRS-1 in WAT, and decreased serum proinflammatory cytokine levels, macrophage infiltration and CCR2 expression in WAT. Conclusion Our results indicated that WAT CCR2 may play a vital role in macrophage infiltration and the inflammatory response during the development of insulin resistance in HFD-induced obesity. These data suggested that administration of RES offers protection against abnormal glucose metabolism and inflammatory adaptations in visceral WAT in mice with HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Ding
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China.,Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Jinjin Jiang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Guofu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Jianli Yin
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Sui Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
| | - Zengli Yu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, PR China
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Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Ok HM, Jeong HY, Lee WJ, Weaver C, Kwon O. Effect and interactions of Pueraria-Rehmannia and aerobic exercise on metabolic inflexibility and insulin resistance in ovariectomized rats fed with a high-fat diet. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Dkhar B, Khongsti K, Thabah D, Syiem D, Satyamoorthy K, Das B. Genistein represses PEPCK-C expression in an insulin-independent manner in HepG2 cells and in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:1953-1970. [PMID: 28816409 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genistein has been reported to exert beneficial effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved therein have not been clearly elucidated. To address this question, the effect of genistein on the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and glucose production in HepG2 cells and in alloxan-induced diabetic mice was investigated. HepG2 cells were exposed to different concentration of genistein in presence or absence of modulators, and the expression of cytosolic PEPCK (PEPCK-C) and the signaling pathways was studied. Further, the biological relevance of the in vitro study was tested in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Genistein lowered PEPCK-C expression and glucose production in HepG2 cells accompanied with increased in phosphorylation states of AMPK, MEK½, ERK½, and CRTC2. Treatment with the AMPK inhibitor (compound C) enhanced genistein-induced MEK½ and ERK½ activity indicating a potential cross-talk between the two signaling pathways. In vivo, genistein also reduced fasting glucose levels accompanied with reduced PEPCK-C expression and increased in AMPK and ERK½ phosphorylation states in the liver of genistein-treated alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Genistein fulfills the criteria of a suitable anti-diabetic agent by reducing glucose production and inhibiting PEPCK-C expression in HepG2 cells and also in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. These results indicate that genistein is an effective candidate for preventing T2DM through the modulation of AMPK-CRTC2 and MEK/ERK signaling pathways, which may allow a novel approach to modulate dysfunction in hepatic gluconeogenesis in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barilin Dkhar
- Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | | | - Daiahun Thabah
- Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Donkupar Syiem
- Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Bidyadhar Das
- Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
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21
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Liu L, Wang B, He Y, Tao W, Liu Z, Wang M. Effects of Chromium-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles on Glucose Transporter 4, Relevant mRNA, and Proteins of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase, Akt2-Kinase, and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase of Skeletal Muscles in Finishing Pigs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 178:36-43. [PMID: 27888450 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0890-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chromium-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Cr-CNP) on glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), relevant messenger RNA (mRNA), and proteins involved in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt2-kinase, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) of skeletal muscles in finishing pigs. A total of 120 crossbred barrows (BW 65.00 ± 1.26 kg) were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments, with three pens per treatment and 10 pigs per pen. Pigs were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 100, 200, or 400 μg/kg of Cr from Cr-CNP for 35 days. After the feeding trials, 24 pigs were slaughtered to collect longissimus muscle samples for analysis. Cr-CNP supplementation increased GLUT4 messenger RNA (mRNA) (quadratically, P < 0.01) and total and plasma membrane GLUT4 protein contents (linearly and quadratically, P < 0.001) in skeletal muscles. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) mRNA was decreased linearly (P < 0.001) and quadratically (P < 0.001). Supplemental Cr-CNP increased insulin receptor (InsR) mRNA quadratically (P < 0.01), Akt2 total protein level linearly (P < 0.01) and quadratically (P < 0.001), and PI3K total protein was increased significantly (P < 0.05) in 200 μg/kg treatment group. The mRNA of AMPK subunit gamma-3 (PRKAG3) and protein of AMPKα1 was significantly increased (P < 0.001) with the addition of Cr-CNP. The results indicate that dietary supplementation of Cr-CNP may promote glucose uptake by leading to recruitment of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane in skeletal muscles, and these actions may be associated with the insulin signal transduction and AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudan He
- Department of Animal Science, Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College, 608 Nanlian Road, Nanchang, 330200, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Tao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Minqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Amanat S, Eftekhari MH, Fararouei M, Bagheri Lankarani K, Massoumi SJ. Genistein supplementation improves insulin resistance and inflammatory state in non-alcoholic fatty liver patients: A randomized, controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2017. [PMID: 28647291 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The beneficial effect of genistein has indicated on metabolic disorders and inflammatory state. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of genistein supplementation on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as the hepatic manifest of metabolic syndrome. METHODS In the present randomized double-blind controlled trial, patients with NAFLD were daily supplemented with either 250 mg genistein (n = 41) or placebo (n = 41) for 8-weeks. Both groups were instructed to follow an energy-balanced diet and physical activity recommendations. And their anthropometric and biochemical indices were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS At the end of the study, the genistein group had lower level of serum insulin (p = 0.001) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p = 0.041) compare to the placebo group. In addition serum malondialdehyde (MDA) (p = 0.004), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (p = 0.045) and interleukin (IL)-6 (p = 0.018) also were lower in the genistein group. Compare with placebo, genistein supplementation significantly reduced waist to hip ratio (p = 0.021), body fat percentage (p = 0.015) and triglyceride (p = 0.018). However, there were no significant changes in BMI, fasting blood glucose (p = 0.122), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p = 0.536), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p = 0.265) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Oral supplementation with 250 mg genistein for 8-weeks can reduce insulin resistance, oxidative and inflammatory indices along with improvement in fat metabolism in patients with NAFLD. Studies with longer duration and larger samples might be needed to reveal other beneficial effects of genistein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Amanat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Eftekhari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Fararouei
- Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Jalil Massoumi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mancini SJ, White AD, Bijland S, Rutherford C, Graham D, Richter EA, Viollet B, Touyz RM, Palmer TM, Salt IP. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase rapidly suppresses multiple pro-inflammatory pathways in adipocytes including IL-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 phosphorylation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 440:44-56. [PMID: 27840174 PMCID: PMC5228585 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation of adipose tissue in obesity is associated with increased IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α secretion and proposed to contribute to insulin resistance. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates nutrient metabolism and is reported to have anti-inflammatory actions in adipose tissue, yet the mechanisms underlying this remain poorly characterised. The effect of AMPK activation on cytokine-stimulated proinflammatory signalling was therefore assessed in cultured adipocytes. AMPK activation inhibited IL-1β-stimulated CXCL10 secretion, associated with reduced interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-4 (IRAK4) phosphorylation and downregulated MKK4/JNK and IKK/IκB/NFκB signalling. AMPK activation inhibited TNF-α-stimulated IKK/IκB/NFκB signalling but had no effect on JNK phosphorylation. The JAK/STAT3 pathway was also suppressed by AMPK after IL-6 stimulation and during adipogenesis. Adipose tissue from AMPKα1-/- mice exhibited increased JNK and STAT3 phosphorylation, supporting suppression of these distinct proinflammatory pathways by AMPK in vivo. The inhibition of multiple pro-inflammatory signalling pathways by AMPK may underlie the reported beneficial effects of AMPK activation in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Mancini
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Anna D White
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Bijland
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Rutherford
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Delyth Graham
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Erik A Richter
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benoit Viollet
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy M Palmer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P Salt
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
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Yang LL, Xiao N, Liu J, Liu K, Liu B, Li P, Qi LW. Differential regulation of baicalin and scutellarin on AMPK and Akt in promoting adipose cell glucose disposal. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:598-606. [PMID: 27903431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Baicalin and scutellarin, two flavonoid glucuronic acids isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis, exhibit beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis. Baicalin and scutellarin are similar in structure except scutellarin has an additional hydroxyl at composition C-4'. In this work, we observed that baicalin and scutellarin promoted glucose disposal in mice and in adipocytes. Baicalin selectively increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), while scutellarin selectively enhanced Akt phosphorylation. Both of them increased AS160 phosphorylation and glucose uptake in basal condition. AMPK inhibitor or knockdown of AMPK by siRNA blocked baicalin-induced AS160 phosphorylation and glucose uptake, but showed no effects on scutellarin. In contrast, Akt inhibitor and knockdown of Akt with siRNA decreased scutellarin-stimulated glucose uptake but had no effects on baicalin. The molecular dynamic simulations analysis showed that the binding energy of baicalin to AMPK (-34.30kcal/mol) was more favorable than scutellarin (-21.27kcal/mol), while the binding energy of scutellarin (-29.81kcal/mol) to Akt was much more favorable than baicalin (4.04kcal/mol). Interestingly, a combined treatment with baicalin and scutellarin acted synergistically to enhance glucose uptake in adipocytes (combination index: 0.94-0.046). In conclusion, baicalin and scutellarin, though structurally similar, promoted glucose disposal in adipocytes by differential regulation on AMPK and Akt activity. Our data provide insight that multicomponent herbal medicines may act synergistically on multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Na Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, No. 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Leng J, Chen MH, Zhou ZH, Lu YW, Wen XD, Yang J. Triterpenoids-Enriched Extract from the Aerial Parts ofSalvia miltiorrhizaRegulates Macrophage Polarization and Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Fed Mice. Phytother Res 2016; 31:100-107. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Mei-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Ya-Wen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 211198 China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 211198 China
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Pan G, Zhao L, Xiao N, Yang K, Ma Y, Zhao X, Fan Z, Zhang Y, Yao Q, Lu K, Yu P. Total synthesis of 8-(6″-umbelliferyl)-apigenin and its analogs as anti-diabetic reagents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:674-683. [PMID: 27448923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The naturally occurring flavone 8-(6″-umbelliferyl)apigenin, a hybrid structure of apigenin and coumarin, as well as seven of its analogues were synthesized for the first time by using iodination and Suzuki coupling reactions as key steps. The synthesis of 8-(6″-umbelliferyl)-apigenin was achieved in seven linear steps from the commercially available 1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethan-1-one and 7-hydroxyl coumarine with 31% overall yield. Effects of these compounds on glucose disposal were investigated in adipocytes. All of the flavonoid and coumarin hydrids were found to have better bioactivities than their corresponding flavonoid cores. The most potent compound 15 (10 μΜ) could promote glucose consumption by 57% which exhibited similar effect as the positive control metformin at 1 mM. Moreover, fluorescence microscopy showed that four 8-(6″-umbelliferyl)apigenin analogues 2, 15, 30 and 31 could promote the 2-NBDG uptake into 3T3-L1 cells, which consist with those observed in the regulation of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Pan
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Lianbo Zhao
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Na Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China
| | - Ke Yang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Yantao Ma
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Xia Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Zhenchuan Fan
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | | | - Kui Lu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| | - Peng Yu
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
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Sex-Dependent Effects of Dietary Genistein on Echocardiographic Profile and Cardiac GLUT4 Signaling in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:1796357. [PMID: 27471542 PMCID: PMC4947657 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1796357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether genistein diet resulted in changes in cardiac function, using echocardiography, and expression of key proteins involved in glucose uptake by the myocardium. Intact male and female C57BL/6J mice (aged 4–6 weeks) were fed either 600 mg genistein/kg diet (600 G) or 0 mg genistein/kg diet (0 G) for 4 weeks. Echocardiography data revealed sex-dependent differences in the absence of genistein: compared to females, hearts from males exhibited increased systolic left ventricle internal dimension (LVIDs), producing a decrease in function, expressed as fractional shortening (FS). Genistein diet also induced echocardiographic changes in function: in female hearts, 600G induced a 1.5-fold (P < 0.05) increase in LVIDs, resulting in a significant decrease in FS and whole heart surface area when compared to controls (fed 0 G). Genistein diet increased cardiac GLUT4 protein expression in both males (1.51-fold, P < 0.05) and females (1.76-fold, P < 0.05). However, no effects on the expression of notable intracellular signaling glucose uptake-regulated proteins were observed. Our data indicate that consumption of genistein diet for 4 weeks induces echocardiographic changes in indices of systolic function in females and has beneficial effects on cardiac GLUT4 protein expression in both males and females.
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Incir S, Bolayirli IM, Inan O, Aydın MS, Bilgin IA, Sayan I, Esrefoglu M, Seven A. The effects of genistein supplementation on fructose induced insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation. Life Sci 2016; 158:57-62. [PMID: 27350161 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of 10weeks genistein administration on oxidative stress and inflammation in serum and liver of rats fed with fructose. MAIN METHODS 6-8weeks old, 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were included. Group 1 (control) was fed with standard chow food and 100μl/kg/day/rat dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) administered subcutaneously; group 2 (genistein) with standard chow food and 0.25mg/kg/day/rat genistein; group 3 (fructose) with standard chow food and drinking water 20% fructose, group 4 (fructose+genistein) with standard chow food, drinking water with 20% fructose and 0.25mg/kg/day/rat genistein. TNF-α, IL-6, visfatin as inflammatory markers and 8-isoprostane as a oxidative stress marker were measured by ELISA, glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol by enzymatic colorimetric method, AST and ALT by kinetic UV method. KEY FINDINGS Significantly high 8-isoprostane levels in serum (p<0.001) and liver (p<0.05) in group 3 compared to control group indicate that presence of oxidative stress. Significantly high TNF-α and IL-6 levels in serum (p<0.05) and liver (p<0.01) and visfatin levels in serum (p<0.001) of group 3 indicate inflammation accompanying insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Genistein administration to fructose group causes a significant decrease in HOMA-IR (p<0.001) and LDLC (p<0.05) level. Significantly lower serum 8-isoprostane (p<0.01) level indicates the antioxidant effect of genistein and significantly lower liver TNF-α (p<0.01), serum, liver IL-6(p<0.01) and serum visfatin (p<0.01) levels reflect the antiinflammatory effects of genistein. SIGNIFICANCE Genistein administration to rats fed with fructose causes an ameliorating effect on HOMA-IR values and lipid status markers in addition to its antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Incir
- Koc University Hospital, Clinical Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - I Murat Bolayirli
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Oznur Inan
- Experimental Animal Research Center, Mehmet Akif State Hospital, Halkalı, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Serif Aydın
- Medical Faculty of Bezmialem Vakif University, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - I Ahmet Bilgin
- Maslak Acibadem Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismet Sayan
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Intensive Care Unit, Turkey
| | - Mukaddes Esrefoglu
- Medical Faculty of Bezmialem Vakif University, Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Seven
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Wang L, Zhang B, Huang F, Liu B, Xie Y. Curcumin inhibits lipolysis via suppression of ER stress in adipose tissue and prevents hepatic insulin resistance. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1243-55. [PMID: 27220352 PMCID: PMC4918853 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m067397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is natural polyphenol with beneficial effects on lipid and glucose metabolism and this study aimed to investigate the effects of curcumin on lipolysis and hepatic insulin resistance. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and lipolysis signaling in adipose and FFA influx, lipid deposits, and glucose production in liver were examined. Palmitate challenge and high-fat diet feeding evoked ER stress-associated lipolysis with cAMP accumulation in adipose tissue. Curcumin treatment inhibited adipose tissue ER stress by dephosphorylation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α and reduced cAMP accumulation by preserving phosphodiesterase 3B induction. Knockdown of mitogen-activated protein kinase α1/2α with siRNAs diminished such effects of curcumin. As a result from downregulation of cAMP, curcumin blocked protein kinase (PK)A/hormone-sensitive lipase lipolysis signaling, and thereby reduced glycerol and FFA release from adipose tissue. Curcumin reduced FFA influx into the liver by blocking FFA trafficking, and then prevented diacylglycerol deposits and PKCε translocation in the liver, resultantly improving insulin action in the suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Curcumin decreased adipose lipolysis by attenuating ER stress through the cAMP/PKA pathway, reduced FFA influx into the liver by blocking FFA trafficking, and thereby improved insulin sensitivity to inhibit hepatic glucose production. These findings suggested a novel pathway of curcumin to prevent lipid deposits and insulin resistance in liver by beneficial regulation of adipose function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bangling Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Yang J, Leng J, Li JJ, Tang JF, Li Y, Liu BL, Wen XD. Corosolic acid inhibits adipose tissue inflammation and ameliorates insulin resistance via AMPK activation in high-fat fed mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:181-90. [PMID: 26926180 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue inflammation is tightly associated with the development of insulin resistance. Corosolic acid (CRA), a natural triterpenoid, is well known as "phyto-insulin" due to its insulin-like activities. However, its underlying mechanism remains unknown. PURPOSE In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of CRA on improving insulin resistance both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were fed with normal diet, high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD with CRA, respectively. General biochemical parameters in blood and glucose intolerance in mice were assayed. Meanwhile, proinflammatory cytokines and macrophage infiltrations in adipose tissues were analyzed by real-time PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The effects of CRA on insulin signaling transduction and AMPK activity in adipose tissues were investigated by western blot. Furthermore, the effects of CRA on AMPK were confirmed on 3T3-L1 cells by using both AMPK inhibitor and AMPKα1/2-specific siRNA RESULTS: CRA attenuated hyperlipidemia, improved insulin sensitivity and glucose intolerance in mice. Meanwhile, it alleviated inflammation in adipose tissues, demonstrated by the suppression of IKKβ phosphorylation and down-regulation of gene expressions of proinflammatory cytokines. Histological analysis revealed that CRA attenuated macrophage infiltrations into adipose tissue. It also improved insulin signaling transduction by modification of Ser/Thr phosphorylation of IRS-1 and downstream Akt, thereby improved insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, CRA regulated AMPK activation in a LKB1-dependent manner. AMPKα knockdown in adipocytes abolished the inhibitory effects of CRA on IKKβ and IRS-1 serine phosphorylation, indicating that CRA inhibited inflammation and ameliorated insulin resistance via AMPK activation. CONCLUSIONS CRA inhibited inflammation with improvement in adipose tissue dysfunction and ameliorated insulin resistance in an AMPK-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-fu Tang
- Shanghai Hua Yu Chinese Herbs Co., Ltd, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Liu K, Mei F, Wang Y, Xiao N, Yang L, Wang Y, Li J, Huang F, Kou J, Liu B, Qi LW. Quercetin oppositely regulates insulin-mediated glucose disposal in skeletal muscle under normal and inflammatory conditions: The dual roles of AMPK activation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 60:551-65. [PMID: 26627467 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Quercetin is a dietary flavonoid whose role in the regulation of the activity of insulin remains controversial. Our study aimed to investigate how quercetin and its major metabolite quercetin-3-glucuronide (Q-3-G) regulate insulin-mediated glucose disposal in skeletal muscle under normal and inflammatory conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS Under normal conditions, quercetin impaired glucose and insulin tolerance and attenuated insulin-mediated phosphorylation of Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) and TBC1D1 without affecting Akt activity in male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. However, under inflammatory conditions, quercetin exhibited an opposite effect in these animals. In C2C12 cells, quercetin also decreased insulin-stimulated AS160 and TBC1D1 phosphorylation and glucose uptake in the absence of an inflammatory insult, whereas it improved the action of insulin under inflammatory conditions. Knockdown of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) blocked the differential effects of quercetin under both conditions. Unlike quercetin, Q-3-G had no influence on insulin-induced phosphorylation of AS160 and TBC1D1 and glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes under normal conditions. Q-3-G displayed a similar regulation with quercetin in glucose disposal under inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSION Quercetin suppressed insulin-mediated glucose disposal in skeletal muscle tissue/cells under normal conditions while it ameliorated impaired glucose uptake under inflammatory conditions with activation of AMPK. In contrast, Q-3-G ameliorated insulin resistance in skeletal cells under inflammatory conditions without affecting glucose disposal under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Mei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yapu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lele Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yilei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Mycoplasma gallisepticum MGA_0676 is a membrane-associated cytotoxic nuclease with a staphylococcal nuclease region essential for nuclear translocation and apoptosis induction in chicken cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:1859-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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33
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Ding S, Fan Y, Zhao N, Yang H, Ye X, He D, Jin X, Liu J, Tian C, Li H, Xu S, Ying C. High-fat diet aggravates glucose homeostasis disorder caused by chronic exposure to bisphenol A. J Endocrinol 2014; 221:167-79. [PMID: 24501380 DOI: 10.1530/joe-13-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological findings on the association between bisphenol A (BPA, 2,2-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane) exposure and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are paradoxical. In animal studies, BPA has been shown to disrupt pancreatic function and blood glucose homeostasis even at a reference 'safe' level during perinatal period. In this study, we explored the effects of long-term paternal exposure to a 'safe' level of BPA on parents themselves and their offspring. Adult male genitor rats fed with either standard chow diet (STD) or high-fat diet (HFD) were treated respectively with either vehicle or BPA (50 μg/kg per day) for 35 weeks. The male rats treated with vehicle or BPA for 21 weeks were then used as sires, and the adult female rats were fed with STD during the gestation and lactation. Offspring rats were weaned on postnatal day 21 and fed with STD in later life. Metabolic parameters were recorded on the adult male rats and their adult offspring. BPA exposure disrupted glucose homeostasis and pancreatic function, and HFD aggravated these adverse effects. However, BPA exposure did not alter body weight, body fat percentage, or serum lipid. In addition, the paternal BPA exposure did not cause adverse reproductive consequence or metabolic disorder in the adult offspring. Our findings indicate that chronic exposure to a predicted 'safe' dose of BPA contributes to glucose metabolic disorders, and that HFD aggravates these adverse effects in paternal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China
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