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Dong C, Chen H, Li Y, Sun Y, Pan Y, Xu Q, Sun H. Patterns of Health-Risk Behaviours and Their Associations With Anxiety and Depression Among Chinese Young Adults by Gender: A Latent Class Analysis. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241258922. [PMID: 38842056 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241258922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated gender differences in health-risk behaviour patterns among young adults and assessed the associations of anxiety and depression with these patterns. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1740 young Chinese adults aged 18-24 years. Latent class analysis (LCA) and multinomial logistic regression were conducted to identify the clusters of health-risk behaviours and their associations with anxiety and depression. Three common patterns were found for both genders: physical inactivity, substance use, and insufficient fruit intake (5.7% for males [M] and 11.6% for females [F]); a sedentary lifestyle only (48.4% for M and 48.9% for F); and a sedentary lifestyle, substance use, and an unhealthy diet (7.6% for M and 20.0% for F). Additionally, two additional unique patterns were found: physical inactivity and unhealthy diet in males (38.3%) and physical inactivity and insufficient fruit intake in females (19.6%). Sociodemographic variables exert different effects on health-risk behaviour patterns as a function of gender. Lower anxiety levels (odds ratio [OR]: 0.892; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.823-0.966) and greater depression levels (OR: 1.074; 95% CI: 1.008-1.143) were associated with a sedentary lifestyle, substance use, and unhealthy diet class only in female young adults compared with a sedentary-only class. These findings underscore the need for the implementation of targeted interventions based on gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Dong
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Medical Informatics Center, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Sun
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinzhu Pan
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiongying Xu
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
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2
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Guo Y, Zhou M, Yan X, Liu Y, Wang L. Latent class analysis and longitudinal development trajectory study of psychological distress in patients with stroke: a study protocol. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1326988. [PMID: 38887726 PMCID: PMC11181843 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1326988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological distress affects the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with stroke, affects their long-term functional exercise and quality of life, and increases the risk of stroke recurrence and even death. This is a multi-dimensional and multi-level mental health problem and a dynamic process variable that shows a dynamic development trend with time. However, previous studies have been insufficient to deeply study the change mechanism of psychological distress, and there remains a lack of forward-looking longitudinal studies to analyze its change trajectory. This study aimed to investigate potential categories and how psychological distress changes over time and to examine conversion probability in these transformation processes. Methods This prospective longitudinal mixed-method study investigated the potential categories and change trajectories of distress in patients with stroke. A total of 492 participants from three hospitals were recruited for quantitative analysis. Latent class analysis and latent transition analysis (LCA/LTA) were used to identify meaningful subgroups, transitions between those classes across time, and baseline demographic features that help predict and design tailored interventions. Discussion A comprehensive understanding of the potential category and transformation processes of psychological distress over time, including the impact of the sense of demographic data on the role of shame and loneliness, can lead to the development of psychological distress treatment tailored to the unique needs of patients with stroke. Thus, this study can promote more effective and successful treatment outcomes, reduce the stigma surrounding disease issues among patients, and encourage them to use psychological consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmei Guo
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- School of Forensic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lianhong Wang
- Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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3
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Tao Y, Xu T, Wang X, Liu C, Wu Y, Liu M, Xiao T, Qiu X. The relationships between emerging adults self-efficacy and motivation levels and physical activity: a cross-sectional study based on the self-determination theory. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1342611. [PMID: 38868357 PMCID: PMC11168411 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1342611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study aims to examine the associations between exercise self-efficacy, motivation, physical activity, and body composition among emerging adults. Design Cross-sectional. Methods A convenience sample of 147 emerging adults participated in the Releasing Weight (RELEW) project. The InBody720 analyzer was used to measure body composition, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short, the Shortened Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire were used to measure self-reported physical activity, self-efficacy, and motivation. Structural Equation Modeling was used to exam the complex relationships among multiple variables. in this study. The Partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis with bootstrapping in Smart PLS 3 was employed to explore the path coefficients and t-values for the relationships that were thought to exist. Significance was determined using a threshold of p < 0.05. Results The mean age of 147 participants was 18.5 ± 1.87, of whom 51.7% were female, recruited for this study. Exercise self-efficacy has a significant positive correlation with exercise motivation (r = 0.220, p = 0.008) and physical activity (r = 0.279, p < 0.001). Exercise motivation does not demonstrate significant associations with physical activity (r = 0.094, p = 0.298). Utilizing SEM, the model explained 9.2% of exercise self-efficacy, 11.8% of physical activity, and 68.3% of body composition variance. Mediation analysis revealed that exercise self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between exercise motivation and physical activity (β = 0.106, t = 2.538, p < 0.05), and physical activity partially mediated the relationship between exercise self-efficacy and body composition (β = -0.296, t = 4.280, p < 0.001). Conclusion This study sheds light on the complex relationships among motivation, self-efficacy, physical activity and body composition during emerging adulthood. Our results highlight the mediating role of self-efficacy and its impact on physical activity behaviors, offering valuable insights for targeted interventions and policy development to improve health outcomes in this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexian Tao
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, China
| | - Chengyi Liu
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinyin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinze Qiu
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Møller TK, Larsen MN, Pfeffer K, Frydenlund SE, Ntoumanis N, Krustrup P. The effects of a combined physical activity and health education program on health knowledge and well-being of socially vulnerable children. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14606. [PMID: 38545956 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the football-based health education program "11 for Health" on health knowledge and well-being in the setting of a 10-week residential stay in a Danish charity home for socially vulnerable children. Six hundred and fourteen children participated in the study, of which 305 took part in the standard program plus "11 for Health" (SG+: 12.4 ± 1.4 (mean ± SD) years) and 309 took part in the standard program (SG: 12.4 ± 1.6 years). We used a crossover design over two full years. The study examined changes in health knowledge and well-being through questionnaires. Overall health knowledge increased more in SG+ than SG over 10 weeks (6.6 vs. 3.4%, p < 0.05). The overall well-being scores were markedly improved (p < 0.05) by 4.54 ± 7.17 AU in SG+ and 4.51 ± 7.16 AU in SG, with no between-group differences. Specific improvements (p < 0.05) were seen in all well-being subcategories, raising the well-being scores to the national average. In conclusion, a 10-week stay at a Danish charity home, the Christmas Seal Home, markedly affected health knowledge and well-being of socially vulnerable children. When the football-based health education program-11 for Health-was added, there were additional positive effects on health knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine K Møller
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Malte N Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kristina Pfeffer
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- DRIVEN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- DRIVEN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- DRIVEN, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Bakalár P, Hnidková L, Ružbarská B, Ružbarský P, Slančová TK, Kopčáková J, Kostičová M, Gába A. First report card on physical activity for children and adolescents in Slovakia: a comprehensive analysis, international comparison, and identification of surveillance gaps. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:16. [PMID: 38291533 PMCID: PMC10826129 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND National surveillance of physical activity (PA) is essential to establish public health policy actions for PA promotion and evaluation, thereby promoting accountability. The main goal of this study is to comprehensively analyse surveillance data on PA behaviours, outcomes, and influencing factors among Slovakian children and adolescents by using the methodology of the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance Global Matrix (AHKGA-GM) project. Secondary goals are to provide comparisons with international data and the identification of surveillance gaps. METHODS A comprehensive multilevel search strategy for data about 10 core indicators and 1 additional indicator published between 2015 and 2020 (solely pre-COVID-19-pandemic data) was used. The data were then synthesised, and a set of standardised benchmarks was used to assign grades according to The Global Matrix 4.0 Grading Rubric. RESULTS A total of 552 potentially relevant data resources were retrieved, of which 34 were identified as eligible for data extraction. Grade B was assigned to four core indicators, grade C to five core indicators, and grade D to one core indicator. The additional Sleep indicator was graded a C-. Compared with the average grades from countries with high Human Development Index scores, Slovakia received higher grades in five core indicators (Overall Physical Activity, Active Transportation, Sedentary Behaviours, School, Government), and in the aggregate Behavioural average and Overall average. Compared with global averages, Slovakia had higher grades in the aforementioned core and aggregate indicators, and in the Community and Environment core indicator and aggregate Sources of Influence average indicator. Numerous surveillance gaps were identified. CONCLUSIONS The overall grading of the available surveillance data suggests the need for improvement in all 10 surveilled core indicators, and in additional Sleep indicator. Despite the fact that numerous identified surveillance gaps limit the overall informative value of the current grade, they provide the important information needed to enhance surveillance of PA-related indicators in Slovakia. For instance, the focus should be put on younger children and parents, on obtaining the device-measured data on various movement behaviours, on the topic of outdoor physical activities, and policy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bakalár
- University of Presov, Faculty of Sports, Prešov, Slovakia.
| | - Lenka Hnidková
- University of Presov, Faculty of Sports, Prešov, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | - Jaroslava Kopčáková
- Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Faculty of Medicine, Košice, Slovakia
- Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Aleš Gába
- Palacký University Olomouc, Faculty of Physical Culture, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Sindler D, Kastovska B, Dostal T, Cipryan L, Elavsky S. The effects of carbohydrate-restricted diet on psychological outcomes: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:228-239. [PMID: 37290430 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Carbohydrate-restricted diets are widely used as an effective treatment tool for many chronic diseases. The impact of these diets on physical health is well known, but their impact on psychological health is less well described in the scientific literature. This is an important aspect to focus on, especially if the diets are to be sustainable in the long term. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature describing the effect of carbohydrate-restricted diets and ketogenic diets on psychological outcomes, as observed in randomized controlled trials. Additionally, the potential synergistic effect of carbohydrate-restricted diets and exercise or social factors on these outcomes was researched. DATA SOURCES Five databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and MEDLINE Complete) were searched without restriction of publication date. DATA EXTRACTION The first data extraction was made in October 2020 and the second in May 2022. Abstract screening was performed by 3 independent reviewers. The quality of studies was assessed using the Jadad scale. DATA ANALYSIS Sixteen randomized controlled studies were included in the analysis. Five studies focused on clinical populations, 9 on obese/overweight populations, and 2 on healthy populations; all studies examined adult people. Four psychological outcomes were identified (quality of life, mental health, mood, and fatigue), and they were examined in connection with a very low-carbohydrate or ketogenic diet. CONCLUSION Daily low-carbohydrate intake may not negatively affect psychological well-being, and low-carbohydrate diets and ketogenic diets are no worse than other diets in this respect. An intervention of 12 weeks or longer can bring benefits in psychological well-being. The synergistic effect of diet and exercise or social factors was not reviewed due to lack of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Sindler
- Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Kastovska
- Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Dostal
- Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Cipryan
- Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Steriani Elavsky
- Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Donath C, Atzmüller L, Florack J, Engel C, Luttenberger K. [The Effect of Exercise Therapy on Adolescent Mental Health: A Systematic Review with Practical Example]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER- UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2023; 52:94-108. [PMID: 38063057 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The Effect of Exercise Therapy on Adolescent Mental Health: A Systematic Review with Practical Example Abstract: The mental health of children and adolescents in Germany is currently highly burdened. Because of the psychotherapeutic care situation, easily accessible, less stigmatizing, and efficient offers are urgently needed. Exercise therapy would be one possibility. However, the effectiveness of such offers must first be proven. We conducted a systematic review concerning the effectiveness of exercise therapy on the mental health of children and adolescents which included studies since 2020 (subsequent to Hale et al., 2021). We analyzed a total of 17 intervention studies based on the PRISMA statement. The results show that exercise therapy interventions significantly affect certain populations: Attention and cognitive skills significantly improved in children and adolescents with ADHD; for depression, we found positive effects for affection. Some studies revealed significant effects across populations on the quality of life and sleep. In children and adolescents with autism or learning disabilities, we found positive effects on social behavior. Thus, according to the literature, exercise therapy is a recommendable therapy option for children and adolescents with mental health problems. As an illustration, we present a boulder intervention as a combined exercise intervention and psychotherapy along with its feasibility as a possible practical example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Donath
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Zentrum für Medizinische Versorgungsforschung, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Deutschland
| | - Lukas Atzmüller
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Zentrum für Medizinische Versorgungsforschung, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Deutschland
| | - Jakob Florack
- St. Joseph Krankenhaus, Klinik für seelische Gesundheit im Kindes- und Jugendalter, Berlin, Deutschland
- Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Caroline Engel
- Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Katharina Luttenberger
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Zentrum für Medizinische Versorgungsforschung, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Deutschland
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Ahmed KR, Horwood S, Khan A. Effects of a School-Based Physical Activity Intervention on Adolescents' Mental Health: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:1102-1108. [PMID: 37611913 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based multicomponent physical activity intervention on mental health of adolescents. METHODS A clustered, randomized, controlled trial was employed in 8 high schools in Dhaka, Bangladesh, which were randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group; 40 students in grades 8 and 9 from each school took part in the trial (n = 160/group). Students in the intervention schools participated in a 12-week physical activity intervention with multiple components (eg, supervised circuits, lunchtime sports, health education, infographics), while control schools received no intervention. Participants completed baseline and postintervention surveys measuring depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) and life satisfaction (Cantril Ladder), along with other sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to evaluate the intervention effects. RESULTS Depressive symptoms in the intervention group decreased at postintervention, but remained stable in the control group. There was an increase in life satisfaction in the intervention group and a decrease in the control group. Multivariable modeling showed that students in the intervention group had a significantly lower level of depressive symptoms (β = -4.60; 95% confidence interval, -5.76 to -3.46) and higher level of life satisfaction (β = 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.77 to 2.10) compared with their counterparts in the control group. Sensitivity analyses supported the positive effects of the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Our school-based, multicomponent physical activity intervention is effective in improving mental health indicators in adolescents. Future trials should be ramped up to include schools in rural and regional settings, using robust measures of mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Rumana Ahmed
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD,Australia
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka,Bangladesh
| | - Sharon Horwood
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC,Australia
| | - Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD,Australia
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Dzhambov AM, Lercher P, Vincens N, Persson Waye K, Klatte M, Leist L, Lachmann T, Schreckenberg D, Belke C, Ristovska G, Kanninen KM, Botteldooren D, Van Renterghem T, Jeram S, Selander J, Arat A, White K, Julvez J, Clark C, Foraster M, van Kamp I. Protective effect of restorative possibilities on cognitive function and mental health in children and adolescents: A scoping review including the role of physical activity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116452. [PMID: 37339694 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Background The exposome approach can be a powerful tool for understanding the intertwining of social, physical, and internal influences that shape mental health and cognitive development throughout childhood. To distil conceptual models for subsequent analyses, the EU-funded project Early Environmental quality and Life-course mental health effects (Equal-Life) has conducted literature reviews on potential mediators linking the exposome to these outcomes. We report on a scoping review and a conceptual model of the role of restorative possibilities and physical activity. Methods Peer-reviewed studies published since the year 2000 in English, on the association between the exposome and mental health/cognition in children/adolescents, and quantitatively investigating restoration/restorative quality as a mediating variable were considered. Database searches were last updated in December 2022. We used an unstructured expert-driven approach to fill in gaps in the reviewed literature. Results Five records of three distinct studies were identified, indicating a scarcity of empirical evidence in this newly developing research area. Not only were these studies few in numbers, but also cross-sectional, lending only tentative support to the idea that perceived restorative quality of adolescent's living environment might mediate the association between greenspace and mental health. Physical activity emerged as a mediator leading to better psychological outcomes in restorative environments. We provide a critical discussion of potential caveats when investigating the restoration mechanism in children and propose a hierarchical model including restoration, physical activity, and relational dynamics between children and their environment, including social context, as well as restorative environments other than nature. Conclusions It is justified to further explore the role of restoration and physical activity as mediators in the association between early-life exposome and mental health/cognitive development. It is important to consider the child perspective and specific methodological caveats. Given the evolving conceptual definitions/operationalizations, Equal-Life will attempt to fill in a critical gap in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel M Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute of Highway Engineering and Transport Planning, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; Research Group "Health and Quality of Life in a Green and Sustainable Environment", SRIPD, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Peter Lercher
- Institute of Highway Engineering and Transport Planning, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Natalia Vincens
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Persson Waye
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Klatte
- Cognitive and Developmental Psychology, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Larisa Leist
- Cognitive and Developmental Psychology, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Thomas Lachmann
- Cognitive and Developmental Psychology, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany; Centro de Investigación Nebrija en Cognición, Facultad de Lenguas y Educacion, Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dirk Schreckenberg
- Centre for Applied Psychology, Environmental and Social Research (ZEUS GmbH), Hagen, Germany
| | - Christin Belke
- Centre for Applied Psychology, Environmental and Social Research (ZEUS GmbH), Hagen, Germany
| | - Gordana Ristovska
- Institute of Public Health of the Republic of North Macedonia, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dick Botteldooren
- Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Timothy Van Renterghem
- Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sonja Jeram
- National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jenny Selander
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arzu Arat
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kim White
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Netherlands
| | - Jordi Julvez
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Clinical and Epidemiological Neuroscience Group (NeuroÈpia), Reus, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charlotte Clark
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Foraster
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEREsp), Spain; PHAGEX Research Group, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene van Kamp
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Netherlands
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Lanfredi M, Dagani J, Geviti A, Di Cosimo F, Bussolati M, Rillosi L, Albini D, Pizzi M, Ghidoni R, Fazzi E, Vita A, Rossi R. Risk and protective factors associated with mental health status in an Italian sample of students during the fourth wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:78. [PMID: 37365640 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00615-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis, especially for young people. However, most studies were conducted during the first waves of the pandemic. Few Italian studies specifically attempted to broadly assess young people's mental health status during the fourth wave of the pandemic. METHODS This study aimed at evaluating the mental health status among a group of Italian adolescents and young adults during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. 11,839 high school students and 15,000 university students (age range 14-25) were asked to complete a multidimensional online survey, of which 7,146 (26,6%) agreed to participate. The survey also included standardized measures for depression, anxiety, anger, somatic symptoms, resilience, loneliness and post-traumatic growth. Two separate clusters were identified through cluster analysis. Random forest, classification tree and logistic regressions analyses were applied to identify factors associated to a good or a poor level of mental health and, thus, to define students' mental health profiles. RESULTS Overall, the students in our sample showed high levels of psychopathology. The clustering methods performed identified two separate clusters reflecting groups of students with different psychological features, that we further defined as "poor mental health" and "good mental health". The random forest and the logistic regressions found that the most discriminating variables among those two groups were: UCLA Loneliness Scale score, self-harm behaviors, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 score, satisfaction with family relationships, Fear of COVID-19 Scale score, gender and binge eating behaviors. The classification tree analysis identified students' profiles, showing that, globally, poor mental health was defined by higher scores of loneliness and self-harm, followed by being of female gender, presenting binge eating behaviors and, finally, having unsatisfying family relationships. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study confirmed the major psychological distress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in a large sample of Italian students, and provided further insights regarding those factors associated with a good or poor mental health status. Our findings suggest the importance of implementing programs targeting aspects that have been found to be associated to a good mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Lanfredi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jessica Dagani
- SIPEC Foundation, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Section of Clinical and Dynamic Psychology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Geviti
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Di Cosimo
- USR Lombardia, Ufficio IV Ambito Territoriale di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Marina Pizzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Fazzi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Vita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125, Brescia, Italy.
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11
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Zhong M, Liu Q, Li L, Tang VM, Wong AHC, Liu Y. Evaluating the effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A systematic review and meta-analysis of five studies. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 164:37-45. [PMID: 37311402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ECT has been proposed as a potential treatment for PTSD. There is a small number of clinical studies to date, but no quantitative review of the efficacy has been conducted. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of ECT in reducing PTSD symptoms. We followed the PICO and the PRISMA guidelines and searched PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (PROSPERO No: CRD42022356780). A random effects model meta-analysis was conducted with the pooled standard mean difference, applying Hedge's adjustment for small sample sizes. Five within-subject studies met the inclusion criteria, containing 110 patients with PTSD symptoms receiving ECT (mean age 44.13 ± 15.35; 43.4% female). ECT had a small but significant pooled effect on reducing PTSD symptoms (Hedges' g = -0.374), reducing intrusion (Hedges' g = -0.330), avoidance (Hedges' g = -0.215) and hyperarousal (Hedges' g = -0.171) symptoms. Limitations include the small number of studies and subjects and the heterogeneity of study designs. These results provide preliminary quantitative support for the use of ECT in the treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhong
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Qiaohan Liu
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Lei Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Victor M Tang
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Albert H C Wong
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yihao Liu
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
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12
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Burns RD, Bilic A, Bai Y, Brusseau TA, Lucero JE, King Jensen JL. Bidirectional associations of physical activity, sleep, and self-reported mental health in young adults participating in an online wellness intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1168702. [PMID: 37325310 PMCID: PMC10264583 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1168702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the bidirectional associations of physical activity (PA), sleep, and mental health in young adults participating in an online wellness intervention from October 2021 to April 2022. Methods Participants were a sample of undergraduate students from one US university (N = 89; 28.0% freshman; 73.0% female). The intervention was a 1-h health coaching session that was delivered either once or twice by peer health coaches on Zoom during COVID-19. The number of coaching sessions was determined by random allocation of participants to experimental groups. Lifestyle and mental health assessments were collected at two separate assessment timepoints after each session. PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Weekday and weekend sleep were assessed by two one-item questionnaires and mental health was calculated from five items. Cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs) examined the crude bidirectional associations of PA, sleep, and mental health across four-time waves (i.e., T1 through T4). To control for individual unit effects and time-invariant covariates, linear dynamic panel-data estimation using maximum likelihood and structural equation modeling (ML-SEM) was also employed. Results ML-SEMs showed that mental health predicted future weekday sleep (β = 0.46, p < 0.001) and weekend sleep predicted future mental health (β = 0.11, p = 0.028). Although CLPMs showed significant associations between T2 PA and T3 mental health (β = 0.27, p = 0.002), no associations were observed when unit effects and time-invariant covariates were accounted for. Conclusion Self-reported mental health was a positive predictor of weekday sleep and weekend sleep positively predicted mental health during the online wellness intervention.
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Bergen T, Kim AHM, Mizdrak A, Signal L, Kira G, Richards J. Determinants of Future Physical Activity Participation in New Zealand Adolescents across Sociodemographic Groups: A Descriptive Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6001. [PMID: 37297605 PMCID: PMC10252680 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to explore various determinants of future physical activity (PA) participation in adolescents across sociodemographic groups. Sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, deprivation status, physical disability status) were assessed in a national sample (n = 6906) of adolescents (12-17 years old) between 2017 and 2020 in New Zealand. The determinants of future PA participation chosen for analysis included current indicators of PA participation (i.e., total time, number of types, number of settings). We also examined widely recognised modifiable intrapersonal (i.e., physical literacy) and interpersonal (i.e., social support) determinants of current and future PA behaviour, along with indicators of PA availability issues. Older adolescents scored worse across all determinants of future PA than younger adolescents, with a key transition point appearing at 14-15 years of age. Māori and Pacific ethnicities scored best across each determinant category on average, with Asian populations scoring the worst. Gender diverse adolescents scored substantially worse than male and female adolescents across every determinant. Physically disabled adolescents scored worse than non-disabled across all determinants. Adolescents from medium and high deprivation neighbourhoods scored similarly across most determinants of future PA participation and both tended to score worse than people from low deprivation neighbourhoods. A particular focus on the improvement of future PA determinants is warranted within adolescents who are older, Asian, gender diverse, physically disabled, and from medium to high deprivation neighbourhoods. Future investigation should prioritise the longitudinal tracking of PA behaviours over time and develop interventions that affect multiple future PA determinants across a range of sociodemographic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Bergen
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington 6242, New Zealand; (A.M.); (L.S.)
- Sport New Zealand Ihi Aotearoa, Wellington 6011, New Zealand;
| | - Alice Hyun Min Kim
- Biostatistics Group, Dean’s Department, University of Otago, Wellington 6242, New Zealand;
| | - Anja Mizdrak
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington 6242, New Zealand; (A.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Louise Signal
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington 6242, New Zealand; (A.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Geoff Kira
- Te Hau Kori, Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington Te Herenga Waka, Wellington 6012, New Zealand;
| | - Justin Richards
- Sport New Zealand Ihi Aotearoa, Wellington 6011, New Zealand;
- Te Hau Kori, Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington Te Herenga Waka, Wellington 6012, New Zealand;
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14
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Befus EG, Helseth S, Mølland E, Westergren T, Fegran L, Haraldstad K. Use of KIDSCREEN health-related quality of life instruments in the general population of children and adolescents: a scoping review. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:6. [PMID: 36670428 PMCID: PMC9857919 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Subjectively assessing health related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents is increasingly important in the public health field. One valid and widely used generic HRQoL instrument is the KIDSCREEN questionnaire. The aim of this study was to map all studies using KIDSCREEN instruments in the general population of children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. METHODS A scoping review was conducted. The search strategy was formulated according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Scoping Reviews guidelines. The databases Cinahl, socINDEX, Medline, Embase, APA Psychinfo, Scopus, and Eric were searched in October 2021. RESULTS In total, 1365 papers were eligible for screening, 1031 were excluded and 334 reports were read in full. 252 reports were included. KIDSCREEN studies in the general population was predominantly conducted in Europe (n = 211). Most studies (n = 179) had a cross sectional design, while few experimental studies (n = 24) were found. The three KIDSCREEN versions comprising of 10, 27 and 52 items, were equally distributed between studies. The self-reported version (n = 225) of the KIDSCREEN instrument was more prevalent than the proxy version, while few studies discussed a cut point. Study contexts reflected international trends of public health challenges, commonly including mental- and psychosocial health, physical activity, socioeconomic status, and obesity. CONCLUSION KIDSCREEN is widely used in cross sectional studies assessing common public health challenges. Experimental and longitudinal assessments, possibly including relevant cut offs remain mainly unexplored and are recommended for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Grethe Befus
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway ,grid.412414.60000 0000 9151 4445Faculty of Health, OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs Plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirin Mølland
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Economics and Finance, School of Business and Law, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Thomas Westergren
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway ,grid.18883.3a0000 0001 2299 9255Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Liv Fegran
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Faculty of Health- and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
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15
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Wilson OWA, Whatman C, Walters S, Keung S, Enari D, Rogers A, Millar SK, Ferkins L, Hinckson E, Hapeta J, Sam M, Richards J. The Value of Sport: Wellbeing Benefits of Sport Participation during Adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148579. [PMID: 35886430 PMCID: PMC9324252 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Insight into the unique benefits of sport participation above and beyond those associated with participation in other physical activities among adolescents is limited in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). The purpose of this study was to examine the association between wellbeing and organised sport participation among adolescents whilst accounting for demographic characteristics and other recreational physical activity. Demographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, deprivation, (dis)ability status), organized sport, recreational physical activity, and wellbeing were assessed in cohorts of NZ adolescents (11–17 years) between 2017 and 2019. After adjusting for demographics, better wellbeing was associated with participation in any recreational physical activity (OR = 2.49, 95%CI = 1.97–3.13), meeting physical activity recommendations (OR = 1.63, 95%CI = 1.47–1.81), and each additional hour of recreational physical activity (OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 1.02–1.04). After adjusting for demographics and overall recreational physical activity participation, better wellbeing was also associated with participation in any organized sport (OR = 1.66, 95%CI = 1.49–1.86), and each additional hour of organized sport (OR = 1.09, 95%CI = 1.07–1.11). Although participation in recreational physical activity appears to be beneficial for wellbeing, organized sport appears to offer unique additional wellbeing benefits. Positive experiences of organized sport participation may offer additional wellbeing value above and beyond other recreational physical activity types in young people who are active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver W. A. Wilson
- Te Hau Kori, Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand;
| | - Chris Whatman
- School of Sport & Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1011, New Zealand; (C.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (D.E.); (L.F.); (E.H.)
| | - Simon Walters
- School of Sport & Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1011, New Zealand; (C.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (D.E.); (L.F.); (E.H.)
| | - Sierra Keung
- School of Sport & Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1011, New Zealand; (C.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (D.E.); (L.F.); (E.H.)
| | - Dion Enari
- School of Sport & Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1011, New Zealand; (C.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (D.E.); (L.F.); (E.H.)
| | - Andy Rogers
- Sport New Zealand, Wellington 6140, New Zealand;
| | - Sarah-Kate Millar
- Faculty of Health, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand;
| | - Lesley Ferkins
- School of Sport & Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1011, New Zealand; (C.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (D.E.); (L.F.); (E.H.)
| | - Erica Hinckson
- School of Sport & Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1011, New Zealand; (C.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (D.E.); (L.F.); (E.H.)
| | - Jeremy Hapeta
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Sam
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Justin Richards
- Te Hau Kori, Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand;
- Sport New Zealand, Wellington 6140, New Zealand;
- Correspondence:
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16
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Ziminski D, Szlyk HS, Baiden P, Okine L, Onyeaka HK, Muoghalu C, Cavazos-Rehg P. Sports- and physical activity-related concussion and mental health among adolescents: Findings from the 2017 and 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Psychiatry Res 2022; 312:114542. [PMID: 35461119 PMCID: PMC9531575 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the association between self-reported sports- or physical activity-related concussion and symptoms of depression and suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation, having a suicide plan, and suicide attempts). This study used data from the 2017 and 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a biennial, school-based, nationally representative survey of U.S. students in grade levels 9 to 12 (N = 14,496). Multivariate logistical regression models assessed the association between self-reported sports-or physical activity-related concussions and suicidal behaviors among students, controlling for a range of demographic and psychosocial variables. Altogether, 13.6% of students reported a sports-or physical activity related concussion in the past 12 months. Among youth, sports-or physical activity related concussions were significantly associated with greater odds of symptoms of depression, suicidal ideation, making a suicide plan, and suicide attempts compared to other youth who did not experience sports- or physical activity-related concussion. Findings highlight increased risk for adverse mental health outcomes among students with sports-or physical activity related concussions. Providing resources for students to engage in physical activity and sports teams may help prevent the onset of depression and suicidal behaviors; however, resources must also be available to monitor any concussions related to these activities to provide support for student emotional well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon Ziminski
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, School of Social Work, 120 Albany St, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Hannah S. Szlyk
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, School of Social Work, 120 Albany St, New Brunswick, NJ 08901,Corresponding author: Dr. Hannah S. Szlyk, PhD, LCSW Social Work, Rutgers University: Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, 390 George Street, Rm. 807, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States, (H.S. Szlyk)
| | - Philip Baiden
- The University of Texas at Arlington, School of Social Work, 211 S. Cooper St., Box 19129, Arlington, TX, 76019
| | - Lucinda Okine
- University of Southern California, USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, 669 W 34th St. Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Henry K. Onyeaka
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/McLean Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, 02115
| | - Chioma Muoghalu
- Plains Regional Medical Center, Clovis, New Mexico, NM 88101,Duke University School of Medicine, Master of Management in Clinical Informatics, NC 27710
| | - Patricia Cavazos-Rehg
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Differences and Associations between Physical Activity Motives and Types of Physical Activity among Adolescent Boys and Girls. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6305204. [PMID: 35686232 PMCID: PMC9173893 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6305204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interventions aimed at motivation for physical activity (PA) are mostly beneficial, but the effects on preventing the decrease in PA are not entirely clear, especially in girls. The main aim of this study was to identify the differences and associations between PA motives and types of PA in boys and girls and between low and high motivated boys and girls. Another aim is to identify the types of motivation and PA that increase the likelihood of achieving PA recommendations and to propose ways of increasing PA among low motivated adolescents. The research carried out before the COVID-19 pandemic (2010–2019) and involved 2,149 Czech and 1,927 Polish adolescents aged 15–19 years. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form was used to identify the level of PA types, while PA motivation was examined through the Motives for Physical Activities Measure-Revised. During the ten years, a decline was observed in enjoyment, fitness, and social motives. An increase in appearance motives was observed in girls, while no significant changes were seen in boys. Boys showed a higher motivation for PA than girls in enjoyment, competence, fitness, and social motives, while girls were high motivated in appearance motives. The greatest statistically significant differences between low and high motivated individuals were found in the associations between recreation/vigorous PA and between all types of motivation in boys and girls in both countries. The strongest associations in both genders were observed between enjoyment/competence motives and recreation/vigorous PA. Respecting and using the associations between the types of PA motives and types of PA in low and high motivated boys and girls can support feelings of PA enjoyment, increase PA, support the achievement of PA recommendations, and positively affect adolescents' healthy lifestyles.
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18
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Luan X, Liu J, Luo X. Examining the Link Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Function: A Parallel Mediation Model of Health and Wellbeing Among Adolescents. Front Psychol 2022; 13:764842. [PMID: 35310245 PMCID: PMC8928735 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.764842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents’ engagement in daily physical activity brings multiple benefits, including reduction in obesity, improvement of mental health, and enhancement of cognitive function (CF). While prior studies have examined the link between physical activity and cognitive function, little is known regarding the extent to which this relationship is shaped by health and wellbeing factors. This study examines how subjective wellbeing (SWB) and general health (GH) mediate the relationship between adolescents’ physical activity and cognitive function. Methods This study estimates a parallel structural equation model using the Program for International Student Assessment 2018 dataset. Specifically, a total of 63,228 15-year-old subjects in nine countries/economies satisfied the study inclusion criteria, including in Bulgaria, Georgia, Hong Kong, Ireland, Mexico, Panama, Serbia, Spain, and United Arab Emirates. Frequency of moderate physical activity (MPA, ≥3.0 Metabolic Equivalent Task) was reported weekly; SWB and GH were assessed using an internationally validated multi-item standardized questionnaire. SWB was measured by students’ self-evaluated satisfaction with their health, life, and schooling. GH was measured by students’ physical health and mental health status. Cognitive function (CF) was modeled as a latent function consisting of plausible values derived using item response theory on reading, mathematics, and science achievement tests. Results Findings indicated that increase in weekly MPA was positively associated with higher levels of SWB (p < .001), GH (p < .001), and CF (p < .001) among the study subjects. Parallel mediation analyses revealed that more frequent weekly MPA had relatively large direct effects (p < .001) on CF, and indirect effects channeling through improvements in SWB and GH were non-trivial (p < .001). Heterogeneity results showed that boosts to CF, associated with MPA, were larger for mathematics and science than for reading (p < .001). Conclusion This study used a large-scale international dataset to show that the positive relationship observed between MPA and CF among adolescents was robust, and that SWB and GH were two critical mediators through which physical activity positively bolster CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luan
- Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ji Liu
- Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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19
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Valero-Valenzuela A, Huéscar E, Núñez JL, León J, Conte L, Moreno-Murcia JA. The Role of Controlled Motivation in the Self-Esteem of Adolescent Students in Physical Education Classes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111602. [PMID: 34770115 PMCID: PMC8583524 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyse the relationships between the satisfaction of psychological basic needs, physical education, academic controlling motivation, and self-esteem, and to propose a prediction model in line with the postulates from the hierarchical model found in the self-determination theory. The participants were 618 physical education students from primary and secondary school (317 girls and 301 boys) aged between 10 and 14 years old (M = 11.62; SD = 0.94). The questionnaires basic psychological needs in exercise measurement scale (BPNES), perceived locus of causality scale (PLOC), the academic motivation scale (EME), and physical self-perception profile (PSPP) were used to measure the studied variables. The results showed that autonomy and relatedness significantly and negatively predicted physical education controlling motivation, which predicted a positive and significant academic controlling motivation. This, in turn, negatively and significantly predicted self-esteem. It is concluded that it is essential to avoid controlling motivation to promote the development of a positive self-perception in students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Valero-Valenzuela
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, CEI Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Santiago de la Ribera, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (A.V.-V.); (L.C.)
| | - Elisa Huéscar
- Sport Research Center, Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-966-65-8525
| | - Juan L. Núñez
- Department of Psychology, Sociology and Social Work, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, C/Santa Juana de Arco, 1, 35004 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;
| | - Jaime León
- Department of Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, C/Santa Juana de Arco, 1, 35004 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;
| | - Luis Conte
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, CEI Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Santiago de la Ribera, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (A.V.-V.); (L.C.)
| | - Juan Antonio Moreno-Murcia
- Sport Research Center, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain;
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20
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Vaquero-Solís M, Tapia-Serrano MA, Hortigüela-Alcalá D, Sierra-Díaz MJ, Sánchez-Miguel PA. Physical Activity and Quality of Life in High School Students: Proposals for Improving the Self-Concept in Physical Education. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7185. [PMID: 34281121 PMCID: PMC8297227 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period for the acquisition of health-related behaviors that will transcend later psychological well-being in adulthood. The present study presents a theoretical model whose objective is to analyze how physical activity predicts an adequate quality of life through self-concept and subjective happiness among adolescents. A total of 452 students aged 12 to 15 (M = 13.8; SD = 0.77) from four Compulsory Secondary Education institutes of the Autonomous Community of Extremadura participated, including boys (n = 258) and girls (n = 194). The students reported information on the following variables: physical activity, body mass index, self-concept, subjective happiness, and quality of life. The results show acceptable fit indices for the proposed theoretical model, which showed the importance of physical activity through self-concept and subjective happiness in quality of life: MRLχ2 = 67.533, p < 0.05, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.90, SRMR = 0.05, and RMSA = 0.07. Likewise, the model presented a better fit index for males than females. This study draws conclusions on the importance of physical activity as a predictor of quality of life mediated by the perception of self-concept and mood in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Vaquero-Solís
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida Universidad, S/N, 10071 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida Universidad, S/N, 10071 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - David Hortigüela-Alcalá
- Department of Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Burgos, CalleVilladiego 1, 09001 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Manuel Jacob Sierra-Díaz
- Physical Education Department, Faculty of Education, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, S/N, 16071 Cuenca, Spain;
| | - Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida Universidad, S/N, 10071 Cáceres, Spain;
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