1
|
Donkin R, Gusset R. Medical Laboratory Science Education in Australia: An Academic Review. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDUCATOR 2024; 34:891-899. [PMID: 39099875 PMCID: PMC11296989 DOI: 10.1007/s40670-024-02057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Medical Laboratory Scientists contribute to pathology organizations to provide medical testing for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. To meet patient medical testing demands in Australia, an employment projection of moderate growth by 2026 in Medical Laboratory Scientists is predicted. This requires an experienced academic workforce that is competent in Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) teaching supported by MLS research to graduate skilled MLS students to fill this void. However, there is little known about the academics that teach undergraduate MLS and whether there is a shortage of experienced educators and graduates. A mixed-method descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to identify 125 MLS academics to recruit and collect quantitative and qualitative survey data from 2019 to 2021. Over half of the survey respondents had never worked as a Medical Laboratory Scientist, and less than a third had an undergraduate degree in MLS. The breadth and depth of academic teaching and research interest were wide and covered both MLS and non-MLS themes. The retention of MLS academics remained stable. There was a meagre growth in new appointments over 3 years which was likely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic which also impacted student enrolment and graduate data. It is unclear from these results if the 2026 predicted growth will be achievable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Donkin
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Sunshine Coast Health Institute, 6 Doherty St, Birtinya, Qld 4575 Australia
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, Qld 4556 Australia
| | - Rebecca Gusset
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy Downs, Qld 4556 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sela‐Vasiliu S, Miehl C, Huygelier H, Oren‐Suissa M, Gjorgjieva J, Gillebert CR. FENS-Kavli Network of Excellence: Mentorship during the COVID-19 pandemic: Perspectives, challenges and opportunities. Eur J Neurosci 2023; 58:4429-4437. [PMID: 35980818 PMCID: PMC9538951 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Miehl
- Computation in Neural Circuits GroupMax Planck Institute for Brain ResearchFrankfurtGermany
- School of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Hanne Huygelier
- Department of Brain and CognitionLeuven Brain InstituteLeuvenBelgium
- Experimental PsychologyUniversity of UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Julijana Gjorgjieva
- Computation in Neural Circuits GroupMax Planck Institute for Brain ResearchFrankfurtGermany
- School of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany
| | - Celine R. Gillebert
- Department of Brain and CognitionLeuven Brain InstituteLeuvenBelgium
- Centre for Translational Psychological Research (TRACE)Hospital East‐LimbourgGenkBelgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parikh JR, Baird GL, Mainiero MB. A pre-post study of stressors and burnout affecting breast radiologists before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Radiol Open 2023; 11:100507. [PMID: 37538382 PMCID: PMC10393601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2023.100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale and objective To compare burnout and stressors of breast radiologists prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods Members of the Society of Breast Imaging were emailed an IRB-approved survey in January 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey included questions from the Maslach Burnout Inventory and specific stressors including work pace, work-life balance, care of dependents, and financial strain. Data were compared to previous surveys prior to the pandemic. Results The response rate was 25% (261/1061) for those who opened the email. Of the respondents, 74% (194/261) were female, 82% (214/261) were white, 73% (191/261) were full time, 71% (185/261) were fellowship trained, 41% (106/261) had more than 20 years of experience, and 30% (79/261) were in academic practice.Respondents in 2021 reported frequent levels of depersonalization (2.2) and emotional exhaustion (3.4) while reporting frequent levels of personal accomplishment (5.3), a protective factor. These values were nearly identical before the pandemic in 2020: (2.2, 3.5, 5.3, respectively, p = .9). Respondents rated practicing faster than they would like as the highest stressor; however, 5 of the 6 stressors improved after the pandemic onset (p < .05). Conversely, participants perceived these stresses had gotten slightly worse since the pandemic (p < .01). Almost 50% of respondents reported they were considering leaving their practice; the most common reason was work/life balance. Conclusion Burnout in breast radiologists remains frequent but unchanged during the COVID-19 pandemic. While participants perceived that some stressors were worse during the pandemic, there was slight improvement in most stressors between the pre-pandemic and pandemic cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. Parikh
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Grayson L. Baird
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
- Radiology Human Factors Lab, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | - Martha B. Mainiero
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hosseini M, Villanueva AC. A qualitative analysis of the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on gender biases in an Irish University. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288467. [PMID: 37756327 PMCID: PMC10529590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper explores the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on gender biases in a STEM Faculty in an Irish University. For the purposes of this research, gender bias was understood as gender-based inclinations or prejudices which affect researchers' personal and professional opportunities as described by fifteen interviewees (nine women, six men). We used thematic interviews to explore participants' perspectives. Analyzing interviews with an inductive approach showed that gender biases experienced before COVID-19 restrictions were different from biases during restrictions. In discussing gender biases prior to the pandemic, interviewees mentioned institutional disparities, discrimination, implicit biases, stereotypes and gender roles. When discussing gender issues during COVID restrictions, interviewees mentioned disparities at home, challenges involved in parenting, support from colleagues and the University, as well as negative and positive impacts of restrictions on existing gender issues. Our results show that while COVID-19 restrictions and the associated consequences constrained all gender groups, they most negatively affected women researchers with caring responsibilities. Moving forward, reducing gender disparities requires promoting a horizontal organizational structure, and adjusting policies and work arrangements to cater for vulnerable cohorts such as parents, and international and early-career researchers. Offering a hybrid working model that grants more flexibility to those with caring responsibilities and which accommodates personal circumstances would help improve the working conditions for all researchers and nurture an organizational culture of care for the employees; thereby also fostering gender equity and tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hosseini
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Harris R. Impact of COVID-19 on Research in Durham University Business School. SAGE OPEN 2023; 13:21582440231181314. [PMID: 37362767 PMCID: PMC10285187 DOI: 10.1177/21582440231181314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Statistically robust evidence that the pandemic (C19) has had an adverse impact on academic research carried out in Universities is limited. The new results presented are based on a survey of Business School academics who were entered into the Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021 assessment of research quality, confirming that C19 had a major effect during the March to September 2020 period on research activities. In terms of which sub-groups of staff have been most affected, the largest negative effects are associated with those (almost all female) staff who took paternity/maternity leave during the 7-year REF period; followed by female staff, those (mid-career researchers) in the Associate Professor grade, then staff classified as "other white ethnic" (as opposed to White British). The implications of this for equality, diversity, and inclusion are likely to be significant, as is discussed when looking at what universities might do to overcome the negative impacts of C19.
Collapse
|
6
|
Martucci S. He's Working from Home and I'm at Home Trying to Work: Experiences of Childcare and the Work-Family Balance Among Mothers During COVID-19. JOURNAL OF FAMILY ISSUES 2023; 44:291-314. [PMID: 36743829 PMCID: PMC9837028 DOI: 10.1177/0192513x211048476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article captures mothers' experiences of the work-family balance and division of household labor during the initial COVID-19 lockdown. Interviews were conducted with twenty-five academics and twenty professionals in other fields. Mothers who split childcare with their partners had a more positive experience of the work-family balance during lockdown, compared with mothers who did the majority of the childcare. The present study adds a new wrinkle into the literature on flexibility and work-family balance: the perception of flexibility and its impact on the division of labor. Academic mothers, who had always had highly "flexible" jobs, were less likely to split childcare with their partners pre-pandemic and thus less likely to have positive experiences of work-family balance during the Spring 2020 lockdown. I argue that perceived flexibility of a partner's job affected allocation of childcare during the initial stages of the pandemic, a moment that wreaked significant harm on women's careers.
Collapse
|
7
|
Malik M, Hussain A, Hashmi A, Saeed H, Azhar H, Abbasi AS. Barriers to gender equity for female healthcare academicians and researchers in Pakistan: Is it still an issue? Front Public Health 2023; 10:981178. [PMID: 36684926 PMCID: PMC9846055 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.981178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gender inequity in healthcare academia is rising. Female healthcare professionals are struggling to balance their work and family leading to reduced productivity and disparity in three main areas of academic evaluation including teaching, service and research. Objective The objective of the current study was to explore perceptions of healthcare academicians regarding gender equity and its associated barriers in healthcare academia in Pakistan. Methodology A qualitative study design was used. Study site for this research included medical colleges, pharmacy schools and healthcare educational institutes. Study respondents included healthcare professionals including doctors and pharmacists working as faculty members. Snow ball sampling was used and interviews were conducted till saturation point was achieved. All interviews recorded were transcribed verbatim. Transcribed interviews were then subject to thematic analysis and were analyzed for relevant content. Results Thematic analysis of the study yielded many themes and sub themes. The main themes include: Gender equity an issue for healthcare academicians; Barriers toward promoting gender equity among healthcare academicians; Perceived teaching effectiveness among female healthcare academicians; Professional relationship of female healthcare academicians; Representation of female healthcare academicians at leadership positions; Research opportunities for female healthcare academicians; impact of academia as profession on married life and Strategies for improving gender equity disparities in academia of healthcare profession. The results showed that almost all the females as well as male healthcare academicians were of the view that female academicians are competent, hardworking and committed with their jobs. Mixed responses were observed regarding teaching effectiveness of female academicians. Half of the females as well male healthcare academicians thought that female were more effective teachers while other half was of the view that teaching effectiveness is based on individual trait irrespective of gender. Conclusion The results of the present study concluded that majority of the male as well as female healthcare professionals perceived gender equity as an issue in academia in Pakistan, especially in underprivileged areas. Non-conducive work environment, harassment at workplace and cultural issues were the main barriers identified toward gender equity in healthcare academia in Pakistan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeeha Malik
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Cyntax Health Projects, Pvt., Ltd., Contract Research Organization and Corporate Firm, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Hussain
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Ayisha Hashmi
- Cyntax Health Projects, Pvt., Ltd., Contract Research Organization and Corporate Firm, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Saeed
- Cyntax Health Projects, Pvt., Ltd., Contract Research Organization and Corporate Firm, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Azhar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Sajjid Abbasi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sezen-Barrie A, Carter L, Smith S, Saber D, Wells M. Research and Scholarship During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Wicked Problem. INNOVATIVE HIGHER EDUCATION 2023; 48:501-525. [PMID: 36533219 PMCID: PMC9734507 DOI: 10.1007/s10755-022-09639-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on research and scholarship at a research university in the United States. Building on studies in higher education policy, we conceptualized the COVID-19 pandemic as a 'wicked problem' that is complex, nonlinear, unique, and requiring urgent solutions. Wicked problems highlight pre-existing struggles, and therefore, recent challenges in higher education inform the methods and the findings of this study. Qualitative and quantitative survey data from 408 faculty, staff, and students explicate the reasons for reduced research output and adaptations made for increased or sustained productivity, health, and wellness that influenced research activities. The analysis showed that most respondents experienced reduced productivity mostly due to increased work responsibilities, limited access to research fields, and inadequate resources. Despite self-reported reduced productivity, participants from the University we studied experienced increases in funding during the pandemic. Thus, the findings also reported on the adaptations for sustained or increased productivity. These included new research pursuits, participation in conference and learning opportunities across geographic regions, and purchase of computer equipment/accessories for home offices. A small percentage of respondents mentioned improved health and well-being; however, many linked reduced research activities to health and well-being issues such as anxiety and fear about the pandemic and being overwhelmed due to work and home-life expectations. Knowledge of the challenges and opportunities presented within the first year of the pandemic can provide a basis for solutions to wicked problems higher education may face in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asli Sezen-Barrie
- School of Learning and Teaching, Research in STEM Education (RiSE) Center, University of Maine, Orono, ME USA
| | - Lisa Carter
- School of Education Leadership, Higher Education, and Human Development, University of Maine, Orono, ME USA
| | - Sean Smith
- School of Earth and Climate Science, Senator George J. Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions, University of Maine, Orono, ME USA
| | - Deborah Saber
- School of Nursing, University of Maine, Orono, ME USA
| | - Mark Wells
- School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moors AC, Stewart AJ, Malley JE. Gendered Impact of Caregiving Responsibilities on Tenure Track Faculty Parents’ Professional Lives. SEX ROLES 2022; 87:498-514. [PMID: 36373019 PMCID: PMC9638246 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-022-01324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Navigating a career while raising a family can be challenging, especially for women in academia. In this study, we examine the ways in which professional life interruptions due to child caregiving (e.g., opportunities not offered, professional travel curtailed) affect pre- and post-tenure faculty members’ career satisfaction and retention. We also examine whether sharing caregiving responsibilities with a partner affected faculty members’ (particularly women’s) career outcomes. In a sample of 753 tenure track faculty parents employed at a large research-intensive university, results showed that as the number of professional life interruptions due to caregiving increased, faculty members experienced less career satisfaction and greater desire to leave their job. Pre-tenure women’s, but not pre-tenure men’s, career satisfaction and intention to stay were negatively affected when they experienced at least one professional life interference. Pre-tenure men’s desire to stay in their job and career satisfaction remained high, regardless of the number of professional life interferences they experienced. Sharing parenting responsibilities with a partner did not buffer the demands of caregiving on pre-tenure women’s career outcomes. Our work highlights the need to consider the varied ways in which caregiving affects faculty members’ careers, beyond markers such as publications, and how institutions can support early career stage women with family-friendly practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy C. Moors
- Department of Psychology, Crean College of Health and Behavioral Science, Chapman University, Orange, CA USA
- The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Abigail J. Stewart
- Departments of Psychology and Women’s and Gender Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
GOLUBOVIĆ JELENA, INGLIS KATHLEEN, CONNELL CHEYANNE. Gendered disruptions in academic publishing during COVID‐19. AMERICAN ETHNOLOGIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/amet.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - KATHLEEN INGLIS
- School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rabinowitz VC, Valian V. Supporting women's research in predominantly undergraduate institutions: Experiences with a National Science Foundation ADVANCE Institutional Transformation Award. Front Psychol 2022; 13:817269. [PMID: 36248569 PMCID: PMC9559813 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.817269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the Gender Equity Project (GEP) at Hunter College of the City University of New York (CUNY), funded by the U. S. NSF ADVANCE Institutional Transformation Award (ITA) program. ADVANCE supports system-level strategies to promote gender equity in the social and natural sciences, but has supported very few teaching-intensive institutions. Hunter College is a teaching-intensive institution in which research productivity among faculty is highly valued and counts toward tenure and promotion. We created the GEP to address the particular challenges that faculty, especially White women and faculty of color, face in maintaining research programs and advancing in their careers at teaching-intensive institutions. During the course of the ADVANCE award, its centerpiece was the Sponsorship Program, a multifaceted paid mentorship/sponsorship program that paired each participant with a successful scholar in her discipline. It offered extensive professional development opportunities, including interactive workshops and internal grants to support research. The GEP helped change key policies and practices by ensuring that all faculty were treated fairly in areas like provision of research start-up funds and access to guidance on how to prepare for tenure and promotion. Qualitative and quantitative evidence suggests that participation in the Sponsorship Program boosted research productivity and advanced the careers of many of the women who participated; the Program was highly rated by all participants. Some of the policy and practice changes that the GEP helped bring about were sustained at Hunter beyond the award period and some were adopted and disseminated by the central office of CUNY. However, we were not able to sustain the relatively expensive (but cost-effective) Sponsorship Program. We share the lessons we learned, including that creating a diverse, successful social and natural scientific workforce requires sustained support of female faculty employed at teaching-intensive colleges. We acknowledge the difficulties of sustaining gains, and offer ideas about how to make the case for gender equity when women seem to be doing "well enough." We underscore the imperative of building support for women's research in teaching-intensive institutions, where most women scientists are employed, and well over 90% of all college students-a disproportionate percentage of whom are female, minoritized, or both-are educated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vita C. Rabinowitz
- Hunter College and the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cho KS, Banda RM, Fernández É, Aronson B. Testimonios de las atravesadas: A borderland existence of women of color faculty. GENDER WORK AND ORGANIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/gwao.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Racheal M. Banda
- Loyola University Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
- Miami University Oxford Ohio USA
| | - Érica Fernández
- Loyola University Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
- Miami University Oxford Ohio USA
| | - Brittany Aronson
- Loyola University Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
- Penn State University State College Pennsylvania USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gullett LR, Alhasan DM, Jackson WB, Jackson CL. Employment Industry and Occupational Class in Relation to Serious Psychological Distress in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:8376. [PMID: 35886224 PMCID: PMC9320061 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Occupational characteristics may influence serious psychological distress (SPD) and contribute to health inequities; yet, few studies have examined multiple employment industries and occupational classes in a large, racially diverse sample of the United States. Using data from the National Health Interview Survey, we investigated employment industry and occupational class in relation to SPD in the overall population and by race/ethnicity, gender, age, household income, and health status. We created eight employment industry categories: professional/administrative/management, agricultural/manufacturing/construction, retail trade, finance/information/real estate, educational services, health care/social assistance, accommodation/food services, and public administration/arts/other services. We also created three occupational class categories: professional/management, support services, and laborers. SPD was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and scores ≥13 indicated SPD. We adjusted for confounders and used Poisson regression to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among the 245,038 participants, the mean age was 41.7 ± 0.1 years, 73% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White, and 1.5% were categorized as having SPD. Compared to the professional/administrative/management industry, working in other industries (e.g., manufacturing/construction (PR = 0.82 [95% CI: 0.70-0.95]) and educational services (PR = 0.79 [95% CI: 0.66-0.94])) was associated with lower SPD. Working in support services and laborer versus professional/management positions were both associated with 19% higher prevalence of SPD (95% CI: 1.04-1.35; 95% CI: 1.04-1.38, respectively). Furthermore, working in a support services or laborer versus professional/management position was associated with higher SPD in most employment industries. Industry-specific workplace interventions to equitably improve mental health are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R. Gullett
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA; (L.R.G.); (D.M.A.)
| | - Dana M. Alhasan
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA; (L.R.G.); (D.M.A.)
| | - W. Braxton Jackson
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., A DLH Holdings Company, Durham, NC 27703, USA;
| | - Chandra L. Jackson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA; (L.R.G.); (D.M.A.)
- Intramural Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Joubert M, Guenther L, Rademan L. Expert voices in South African mass media during the COVID-19 pandemic. S AFR J SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.17159/sajs.2022/12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientists increasingly recognise that media visibility allows them to gain influence in public and policy spheres. However, some scientists shy away from publicity and journalists are purposefully selective when they seek out experts to interview. This may result in a skewed representation of scientists in the mass media. In this study, we explored which South African scientific experts at the academic rank of ‘professor’ were quoted in the local mass media during the initial 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis of 1164 media articles related to COVID-19 showed that, as far as gender is concerned, men dominated as expert sources, with women accounting for only 30% of quoted professors. In terms of research field, most experts were from the broad field of health and medicine, with an under-representation of social scientists. We reflect on the implications and consequences of a skewed media representation of scientific expertise, as well as some of the options to remedy these imbalances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Joubert
- Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology (CREST), Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Lars Guenther
- Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology (CREST), Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Cluster of Excellence on Climate, Climatic Change, and Society (CliCCS), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lili Rademan
- Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology (CREST), Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ünal Toprak F, Coşkun Palaz S, Çağlar S. The impact of health literacy levels on women’s fear of contracting Covid-19 and their attitudes toward holistic complementary and alternative medicine: Mediation analysis results. Health Care Women Int 2022:1-16. [PMID: 35616392 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2022.2070623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Researchers aim to examine mediating variable role of health literacy in the relationship between fear of contracting Covid-19 in women and use of holistic complementary alternative medicine. The study was conducted as descriptive cross-sectional. The researchers collected study data by conducting an online questionnaire from 285 women between April 01 and June 30, 2021. In our study, a significant relationship was found between education level and health literacy, having a chronic illness, not being able to find a permanent job and fear of Covid-19 (p < 0.05). Positive correlation exists between fear of contracting Covid-19 and Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Practice (correlation between HCAM Practice β=.21). When health literacy variable is included, the level of relationship decreases (β=.18). The researchers determined that as the level of health literacy increased, the women resorted to HCAM practices less despite their fear of contracting Covid-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Ünal Toprak
- Department of Midwifery, Gulhane Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Simge Coşkun Palaz
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Songül Çağlar
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Impact of the Pandemic on the Teaching and Research Staff at a Technological University in Spain: Deepening the Gender Gap. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116417. [PMID: 35682002 PMCID: PMC9180769 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The alteration of the educational model caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has not affected all university faculty equally. This work explores the academic, digital and gender inequalities caused by the pandemic on the teaching and research staff of a technological university for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) disciplines in Spain, the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya—BarcelonaTech (UPC). The study considers an anonymous survey with a non-probabilistic voluntary sample (n = 355). The results of the survey reveal that, over these months, the teaching and research staff of the university, regardless of gender, has significantly increased its academic activity due especially to the number of hours devoted to virtual teaching compared to its teaching dedication in a situation of normalcy. This study shows that the lockdown has strongly affected women who are more vulnerable to crisis. In particular, the negative impact on research has been higher in female faculty staff from the UPC, who already face disparities regarding promotion and, during lockdown, stated more difficulties with household work reconciliation. From the results of this study, it is possible to conclude that the COVID-19 pandemic has deepened the gender gap in the academic field.
Collapse
|
17
|
The Changes in the Daily Lives and Life Satisfaction of Female Academicians during the Pandemic Process. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.1107568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The new type of coronavirus (COVID-19) disease has more serious consequences and risks by gender and plays a role in biological, socio-cultural and behavioral differences. This process is particularly severe in terms of the problems faced by women and some disadvantaged groups. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of changes in the daily lives of female academicians on life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic process.
Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consists of 178 female academicians who have been actively working at a public university in the northeast of Turkey between Oct 1, 2020 and Feb 1, 2021. The data of the research were collected by "Personal Information Form" and "Contentment with Life Scale". Descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, average), Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, t-test, and ANOVA test were used to evaluate the data.
Results: It was found that 83.1% of the female academicians preferred to stay at their own homes and 52.8% of them did not receive support while fulfilling their daily responsibilities during the pandemic process in which female academicians had to work and learn at home. The total score of the Contentment with Life Scale of female academicians was found to be 20.15 ± 6.95. Female academicians who participated in the study had moderate level of contentment with life. It was determined in the study that the increase in the time spent on academic development, academic studies, and themselves increased female academicians’ life contentment and was statistically significant (p˂0.05). It was found that increased time spent for housework decreased life satisfaction.
Conclusions: It was determined that professional and individual development is quite significant in increasing life satisfaction in female academicians. That strategies that can increase female academicians life contentment should be developed and women who are sensitive and need to be protected should be supported more in this situation.
Collapse
|
18
|
Mah SJ, Makkar M, Huang K, Anpalagan T, Reade CJ, Nguyen JMV. Gender imbalance in gynecologic oncology authorship and impact of COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2022; 32:583-589. [PMID: 35304410 PMCID: PMC8948079 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2021-003296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite increased participation of women in academic medicine in recent decades, gender disparities persist. The gender gap in authorship and editorial boards in gynecologic oncology, and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, have not been recently evaluated. We examined gender representation and the impact of COVID-19 on authorship and editorial boards of two major peer-reviewed gynecologic oncology journals. METHODS We conducted a bibliometric analysis of original articles published in Gynecologic Oncology and the International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, comparing the most contemporary 5-year period (2016-2020) to single years in the two prior decades (1996, 2006). To assess the early impact of COVID-19, we compared publications from May 2020-April 2021 to 2019. Editorial boards were analyzed for gender composition. First names, pronouns, and institutional photographs were used to determine gender. RESULTS There were 3022 original articles published between 2016 and 2020, 763 in 2006, and 203 in 1996. Gender was identified for 91.3% of first authors (3641 articles) and 95.6% of senior authors (3813 articles). Men comprised the majority of the editorial boards in 2021 at 57% and 61% for Gynecologic Oncology and the International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, respectively. Men were overrepresented as senior authors across all study periods: 93% in 1996, 77% in 2006, and 58% in 2016-2020. Over time, representation of women as first and senior authors increased (7% in 1996, 42% in 2016-2020, p<0.00001). There was no immediate impact of the early pandemic on gender distribution of authorship. CONCLUSIONS Despite greater representation of women over time as authors in gynecologic oncology journals, there remains gender disparity in senior authorship and editorial board representation. This presents an opportunity for the academic publishing community to advocate for deliberate strategies to achieve gender parity. Although no impact of the early COVID-19 pandemic was found, this requires ongoing surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jill Mah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mallika Makkar
- Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathy Huang
- Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tharani Anpalagan
- Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clare J Reade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie My Van Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gao J, Nyhan J, Duke-Williams O, Mahony S. Gender influences in Digital Humanities co-authorship networks. JOURNAL OF DOCUMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/jd-11-2021-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThis paper presents a co-authorship study of authors who published in Digital Humanities journals and examines the apparent influence of gender, or more specifically, the quantitatively detectable influence of gender in the networks they form.Design/methodology/approachThis study applied co-authorship network analysis. Data has been collected from three canonical Digital Humanities journals over 52 years (1966–2017) and analysed.FindingsThe results are presented as visualised networks and suggest that female scholars in Digital Humanities play more central roles and act as the main bridges of collaborative networks even though overall female authors are fewer in number than male authors in the network.Originality/valueThis is the first co-authorship network study in Digital Humanities to examine the role that gender appears to play in these co-authorship networks using statistical analysis and visualisation.
Collapse
|
20
|
Was This Supposed to Be on the Test? Academic Leadership, Gender and the COVID-19 Pandemic in Denmark, Hungary, Romania, and United Kingdom. PUBLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/publications10020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in workplace dynamics have made us even more aware of the importance of gender representation in all work-related decisions. Working from home during the pandemic, a decision that was generally the norm for European universities, forced us to rethink what are the main priorities when addressing the different needs of academic workers. The present paper tackles this overall issue from the perspective of gender representation, looking at the gender composition of the leadership structures of universities and their policy responses to employee needs. All the state-accredited universities in the following countries were included in the analysis: Romania, Denmark, Hungary and UK. These countries were chosen for the diversity in the state of their gender politics and in their overall quality of higher education. Primary results show not only that gender equality within academic leadership lags behind, but also that this lag may be associated with a poorer policy response to challenges typically faced by women during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
|
21
|
Teaching College in the Time of COVID-19: Gender and Race Differences in Faculty Emotional Labor. SEX ROLES 2022; 86:441-455. [PMID: 35370349 PMCID: PMC8964388 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-021-01271-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic placed new teaching demands upon faculty that may have exacerbated existing race and gender disparities in the amount of emotional labor they perform. The present study surveyed 182 full-time tenured and tenure-track faculty from three small private liberal arts colleges to examine the effect of social and professional statuses on emotional labor (i.e., managing the expression of emotions to meet job requirements) during the emergency switch to remote instruction in spring 2020. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression revealed that white cisgender men performed less emotional labor than Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) cisgender men, BIPOC cisgender women, and white cisgender women and gender non-conforming (GNC) faculty. Student demands for special favors fully mediated the relationship between intersectional race and gender identity and self-directed emotional labor and partially mediated its relationship with student-directed emotional labor. We conclude that the status shield afforded white cisgender men by their race and gender protected them from student demands that would have required them to engage in as much emotional labor as faculty with other intersectional race and gender identities during the pandemic. We discuss considering differences in emotional labor when making personnel decisions.
Collapse
|
22
|
Njoku A, Evans M. Black Women Faculty and Administrators Navigating COVID-19, Social Unrest, and Academia: Challenges and Strategies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042220. [PMID: 35206408 PMCID: PMC8871835 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Black women faculty and administrators in the United States are tackling a force of socioeconomic and racial disparities, emotional tolls and invisible burdens within academia, political turmoil, social unrest, and public health crises. COVID-19 has added an additional layer related to work responsibilities, the overall well-being of Black women faculty and administrators and the diverse students they encounter, and management of work and home responsibilities. This paper discusses perspectives and evidence-based strategies regarding Black women faculty and administrators who navigate academia and teach during times of COVID-19 and social unrest. We also outline strategies for university leaders to mitigate cultural and racial gaps in the classroom or workplace and foster diversity and inclusion in academia.
Collapse
|
23
|
Mickey EL, Misra J, Clark D. The persistence of neoliberal logics in faculty evaluations amidst Covid-19: Recalibrating toward equity. GENDER WORK AND ORGANIZATION 2022; 30:GWAO12817. [PMID: 35600799 PMCID: PMC9111687 DOI: 10.1111/gwao.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we theorize the intersectional gendered impacts of COVID-19 on faculty labor, with a particular focus on how institutions of higher education in the United States evaluate faculty labor amidst the COVID-19 transition and beyond. The pandemic has disrupted faculty research, teaching, and service in differential ways, having larger impacts on women faculty, faculty of color, and caregiving faculty in ways that further reflect the intersections of these groups. Universities have had to reconsider how evaluation occurs, given the impact of these disruptions on faculty careers. Through a case study of university pandemic responses in the United States, we summarize key components of how colleges and universities shifted evaluations of faculty labor in response to COVID-19, including suspending teaching evaluations, implementing tenure delays, and allowing for impact statements in faculty reviews. While most institutional responses recenter neoliberal principles of the ideal academic worker that is both gendered and racialized, a few universities have taken more innovative approaches to better attend to equity concerns. We conclude by suggesting a recalibration of the faculty evaluation system - one that maintains systematic faculty reviews and allows for academic freedom, but requires universities to take a more contextualized approach to evaluation in ways that center equity and inclusion for women faculty and faculty of color for the long term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethel L. Mickey
- University of Massachusetts AmherstADVANCE ProgramAmherstMassachusettsUSA
| | - Joya Misra
- Departments of Sociology and Public PolicyUniversity of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMassachusettsUSA
| | - Dessie Clark
- University of Massachusetts AmherstADVANCE ProgramAmherstMassachusettsUSA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zabaniotou A. The COVID-19 lockdowns brought to light the challenges that women face in Mediterranean universities. GLOBAL TRANSITIONS 2022; 3:119-125. [PMID: 35156008 PMCID: PMC8825447 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has caused considerable upheaval, necessitating a rethinking of higher education. Distance education has emerged as a major parallel issue that is changing the educational landscape. The lockdowns brought to light the challenges that women confront in academia. This study examines the impact of distance education on women's research activity at Mediterranean institutions, focusing on the additional constraints women faced as a result of e-learning. During the first lockdown (March to May 2020) there was a growing volume of media coverage, but fewer articles investigated how the pandemic's lockdown had affected women and men which increased fast in 2021. According to the findings, while the Mediterranean countries utilized different approaches to combat the epidemic, the impacts are surprisingly similar and must be recognized to avoid long-term consequences for women in higher education, science, and research. Lockdowns put added family responsibilities on female researchers, who were faced with more childcare and homework, resulting in less time to be part of a cohort creating new knowledge. Traditional cultural gender preconceptions were also uncovered, indicating the need for structural changes and repositioning. To meet UN SDG 4: "Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education," we must emerge from this pandemic more equal and robust to establish viable and inclusive universities that should implement policies and interventions to capitalize on female contributions to science, research, and innovation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Zabaniotou
- Chemical Engineering Department, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
- Réseau Méditerranéen des Ecoles d'Ingénieurs (RMEI), Ecole Centrale Marseille, Cedex, 20, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Promotion of gender equity in obstetrics and gynecology: principles and practices for academic leaders. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 226:163-168. [PMID: 34610320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The advancement of women leaders in obstetrics and gynecology does not reflect the changes in the physician workforce seen over the last 50 years. A core value of our culture in obstetrics and gynecology must be gender equity. Departmental, institutional, and professional society efforts should explicitly prioritize and demonstrate a commitment to gender equity with tangible actions. This commentary from the American Gynecological and Obstetrical Society synthesizes available information about women holding academic leadership roles within obstetrics and gynecology. We propose specific principles and leadership practices to promote gender equity.
Collapse
|
26
|
Farquharson K, Tambyraja S, Coleman J. Change in School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Job Satisfaction During COVID-19 School Closures: Applying the Conservation of Resources Theory. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 2022; 53:181-192. [PMID: 34861773 DOI: 10.1044/2021_lshss-21-00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to explore how school-based speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') job satisfaction changed because of the COVID-19 global pandemic. We situated job satisfaction within the Conservation Resources (COR) theory. METHOD We distributed a web-based survey to school-based SLPs throughout the United States. A total of 1,352 SLPs followed the link and 1,069 completed at least 90% of the survey. The survey was composed of four parts: (a) demographic information, (b) obstacles faced during COVID-19 school closures, (c) job satisfaction, and (d) self-efficacy. Self-efficacy was divided into three subscales: decision-making, instructional, and disciplinary. RESULTS Nearly half (48%, n = 522) of the sample reported a decline in job satisfaction following COVID-19 school closures. Using a binomial logistic regression, we found that time pressures and disciplinary self-efficacy predicted this change in job satisfaction. Individuals who reported higher disciplinary self-efficacy and more pressures on their time were 1.2 times more likely to experience a decline in job satisfaction. Number of obstacles faced, caseload size, years of experience, and the additional two self-efficacy scales were not related to this change. CONCLUSIONS Job satisfaction is considered a malleable resource within the COR theory. Indeed, we observed a change in this resource due to the rapid shift in service delivery methods, paired with variable levels of support and resources from school districts. Our results have implications for how administration may support SLPs in and out of times of acute crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sherine Tambyraja
- Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Taylor H, Balio CP, Robertson AS, Menachemi N. Work-life balance among health administration faculty before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH ADMINISTRATION EDUCATION 2022; 39:127-142. [PMID: 36475090 PMCID: PMC9721113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This current study examines measures of work-life balance among health administration faculty prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A repeated cross-sectional design is used to analyze data collected from a national survey in 2018 and 2021. Changes in six different outcome measures of work-life balance were examined using multivariable logistic regression, controlling for health administration faculty characteristics. Compared to 2018 respondents, faculty respondents in 2021 were more likely to report that family and personal matters were interfering with their ability to do their job (OR = 1.93, p=0.001). Females more frequently reported that their career had suffered because of personal issues/obligations (OR = 1.82, p=0.003) but were less likely to report having enough time to get their teaching (OR = 0.68, p=0.026). Respondents with children 18 years or younger reported higher rates of regularly having to miss a meeting or event at home (OR = 1.88, p<0.001) and an event at work (OR = 3.74, p<0.001). These faculty also more frequently reported that family or personal matters were interfering with their ability to do their job (OR = 3.04, p<0.001) and that their career suffered because of personal issues/obligations (OR = 2.09, p=0.001). Given the implications of work-life conflicts to organizational outcomes, academic leaders and university decision-makers should consider adopting strategies to mitigate the effects of these disruptions to the work-life equilibrium of academics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather Taylor
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Indiana University, Fairbanks School of Public Health, 1050 Wishard Blvd, Indianapolis IN 46202
| | - Casey P. Balio
- East Tennessee State University College of Public Health, Center for Rural Health Research, Department of Health Services Management and Policy
| | | | - Nir Menachemi
- Fairbanks Endowed Chair and Professor of Health Policy and Management, Indiana University, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Scientist, Regenstrief Institute, Inc
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Silva MRO, Silva AB, Barbosa JC, Amaral C, Lopes PFM. Empowering fisherwomen leaders helped reduce the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on fishing communities: Insights from Brazil. MARINE POLICY 2022; 135:104842. [PMID: 34732972 PMCID: PMC8554008 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Small-scale fishers in the developing world have been particularly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic given that they belong to one of the most socioeconomically vulnerable groups. In Brazil, one of the countries most affected by the pandemic, it was expected early on that the economy and wellbeing of fishers would be negatively impacted, yet fishers were expected to show some adaptive and coping mechanisms. To assess whether this was the case, 40 fishers, who are also leaders of fishing associations representing over 80 thousand fishers throughout the country, were interviewed. Results revealed that female leaders appraised the economic and health / wellbeing impacts to be harsher on fishers than men did. Moreover, fishers on the coast were found to be better able to adapt than those inland, although both had low levels of adaptive capacity. The nature of coping and adaptive mechanisms was also found to be different between locations. Whereas leaders from coastal associations stated that most of the adaptive responses occurred in the post-harvest sector (e.g., changes to the types of sales and changes to supply chain actors), leaders from inland communities stated that the changes that occurred related specifically to fishing (e.g., decrease in effort and changes in fishing grounds). These findings suggest that: 1) women may be better prepared to respond to COVID-19 because their appraisal may be more realistic than men, 2) the historic vulnerability of fishing communities may limit their adaptative capacity, and 3) coastal fishers have likely found ways to maintain part of their trade, contrary to inland fishers. Thus, to better help small-scale fisheries to cope with this particular pandemic or other large disruptive impacts, it would be recommended to invest in women in leadership roles while also guaranteeing that fishers have the minimal conditions to cope with and adapt to impacts. The latter can be done by assuring emergency cash transfers for the duration of the impact, as with the still ongoing pandemic, and investing in building fisher resilience for future shocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa R O Silva
- Fishing ecology, management, and economics group, Department of Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - André B Silva
- Graduate Program in Development and Environment, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Jaciana C Barbosa
- Graduate Program in Development and Environment, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Cássia Amaral
- Fishing ecology, management, and economics group, Department of Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Priscila F M Lopes
- Fishing ecology, management, and economics group, Department of Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lin PS, Kennette LN. Creating an inclusive community for BIPOC faculty: women of color in academia. SN SOCIAL SCIENCES 2022; 2:246. [PMID: 36339527 PMCID: PMC9618268 DOI: 10.1007/s43545-022-00555-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Institutions of higher education are increasingly diverse with more women and people of color hired, but there remains much work to be done to ensure that underrepresented faculty feel supported in their careers, evaluated fairly for tenure and/or promotion, and made to feel appreciated and valued in their institutions. This perspective paper will review how interpersonal and institutional prejudice disadvantage women of color in academia in aspects of their professional responsibilities including teaching, mentoring students, research, and service. The combination of these challenges explains why women of color are not rewarded in the same way and do not advance as quickly in their academic careers compared to white men. After considering the subtle and direct ways that biases cause harm to women of color, we present recommendations to better support women of color in faculty roles with the goal of combating prejudice pertaining to both racial/ethnic and gender biases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe S. Lin
- grid.417997.50000 0001 0578 1801Framingham State University, 100 State St., Framingham, MA 01701 United States of America
| | - Lynne N. Kennette
- grid.420705.40000 0000 8994 0947Durham College, 2000 Simcoe St. N., Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Miller KE, Riley J. Changed Landscape, Unchanged Norms: Work-Family Conflict and the Persistence of the Academic Mother Ideal. INNOVATIVE HIGHER EDUCATION 2022; 47:471-492. [PMID: 34848922 PMCID: PMC8614221 DOI: 10.1007/s10755-021-09586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research suggests that ideal worker and mothering expectations have long constrained academic mothers' personal and professional choices. This article explores how academic mothers experienced their dual roles amid the unprecedented shift in the work-life landscape due to COVID-19. Content analysis of questionnaire data (n = 141) suggests that academic mothers experienced significant bidirectional work-life conflict well into the fall of 2020. Increased home demands, such as caring for young children and remote schooling, interfered with their perceived capacity to meet ideal academic norms, including a singular focus on work, productivity standards, and their ability to signal job competency and commitment. Likewise, work demands reduced their perceived ability to meet ideal mothering norms, such as providing a nurturing presence and focusing on their children's achievement. Academic fathers experienced increased demands on their time but primarily described intra-role conflict within the work domain. Despite a pandemic landscape, ideal academic and mothering norms remained persistent and unchanged. The article concludes with implications for policy and practice in higher education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karyn E. Miller
- Department of Curriculum & Instruction, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, TX USA
| | - Jacqueline Riley
- Department of Curriculum & Instruction, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, TX USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shah A, Lopez I, Surnar B, Sarkar S, Duthely LM, Pillai A, Salguero TT, Dhar S. Turning the Tide for Academic Women in STEM: A Postpandemic Vision for Supporting Female Scientists. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18647-18652. [PMID: 34850631 PMCID: PMC8751813 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The "leaky pipeline" of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), which is especially acute for academic mothers, continues to be problematic as women face continuous cycles of barriers and obstacles to advancing further in their fields. The severity and prevalence of the COVID-19 pandemic both highlighted and exacerbated the unique challenges faced by female graduate students, postdocs, research staff, and principal investigators because of lockdowns, quarantines, school closures, lack of external childcare, and heightened family responsibilities, on top of professional responsibilities. This perspective provides recommendations of specific policies and practices that combat stigmas faced by women in STEM and can help them retain their careers. We discuss actions that can be taken to support women within academic institutions, journals, government/federal centers, university-level departments, and individual research groups. These recommendations are based on prior initiatives that have been successful in having a positive impact on gender equity─a central tenet of our postpandemic vision for the STEM workforce.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Isabella Lopez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Bapurao Surnar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Shrita Sarkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Lunthita M Duthely
- Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Asha Pillai
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Tina T Salguero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Shanta Dhar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
López-Vergès S, Urbani B, Fernández Rivas D, Kaur-Ghumaan S, Coussens AK, Moronta-Barrios F, Bhattarai S, Niamir L, Siciliano V, Molnar A, Weltman A, Dhimal M, Arya SS, Cloete KJ, Awan AT, Kohler S, Sharma CS, Rios Rojas C, Shimpuku Y, Ganle J, Matin MM, Nzweundji JG, Badre A, Carmona-Mora P. Mitigating losses: how scientific organisations can help address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on early-career researchers. HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 8:284. [PMID: 34901880 PMCID: PMC8646015 DOI: 10.1057/s41599-021-00944-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Scientific collaborations among nations to address common problems and to build international partnerships as part of science diplomacy is a well-established notion. The international flow of people and ideas has played an important role in the advancement of the 'Sciences' and the current pandemic scenario has drawn attention towards the genuine need for a stronger role of science diplomacy, science advice and science communication. In dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, visible interactions across science, policy, science communication to the public and diplomacy worldwide have promptly emerged. These interactions have benefited primarily the disciplines of knowledge that are directly informing the pandemic response, while other scientific fields have been relegated. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on scientists of all disciplines and from all world regions are discussed here, with a focus on early-career researchers (ECRs), as a vulnerable population in the research system. Young academies and ECR-driven organisations could suggest ECR-powered solutions and actions that could have the potential to mitigate these effects on ECRs working on disciplines not related to the pandemic response. In relation with governments and other scientific organisations, they can have an impact on strengthening and creating fairer scientific systems for ECRs at the national, regional, and global level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra López-Vergès
- Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Sistema Nacional de Investigación SNI del SENACYT, Panama City, Panama
| | - Bernardo Urbani
- Center for Anthropology, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | - Sandeep Kaur-Ghumaan
- University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anna K. Coussens
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC Australia
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Suraj Bhattarai
- Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Lalitpur, Nepal
- National Young Academy of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Leila Niamir
- International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria
- Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Andreea Molnar
- Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC Australia
- Early- and Mid-Career Researcher Forum, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | | | | | - Shalini S. Arya
- Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World, Trieste, Italy
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
- Indian National Young Academy of Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Karen J. Cloete
- Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World, Trieste, Italy
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa
| | - Almas Taj Awan
- University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- National Young Academy of Young Scientists Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Chandra Shekhar Sharma
- Indian National Young Academy of Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Clarissa Rios Rojas
- Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yoko Shimpuku
- Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Young Academy of Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Maryam M. Matin
- Department of Biology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Justine G. Nzweundji
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Cameroon Academy of Young Scientists, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Paulina Carmona-Mora
- Department of Neurology and MIND Institute, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Figuerola B, Valiente N, Barbosa A, Brasier MJ, Colominas-Ciuró R, Convey P, Liggett D, Fernández-Martínez MA, Gonzalez S, Griffiths HJ, Jawak SD, Merican F, Noll D, Prudencio J, Quaglio F, Pertierra LR. Shifting Perspectives in Polar Research: Global Lessons on the Barriers and Drivers for Securing Academic Careers in Natural Sciences. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.777009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The polar regions provide valuable insights into the functioning of the Earth’s regulating systems. Conducting field research in such harsh and remote environments requires strong international cooperation, extended planning horizons, sizable budgets and long-term investment. Consequently, polar research is particularly vulnerable to societal and economic pressures during periods of austerity. The global financial crisis of 2008, and the ensuing decade of economic slowdown, have already adversely affected polar research, and the current COVID-19 pandemic has added further pressure. In this article we present the outcomes of a community survey that aimed to assess the main barriers and success factors identified by academic researchers at all career stages in response to these global crises. The survey results indicate that the primary barriers faced by polar early and mid-career researchers (EMCRs) act at institutional level, while mitigating factors are developed at individual and group levels. Later career scientists report pressure toward taking early retirement as a means of institutions saving money, reducing both academic leadership and the often unrecognized but vital mentor roles that many play. Gender and social inequalities are also perceived as important barriers. Reorganization of institutional operations and more effective strategies for long-term capacity building and retaining of talent, along with reduction in non-research duties shouldered by EMCRs, would make important contributions toward ensuring continued vitality and innovation in the polar research community.
Collapse
|
34
|
Potentially long-lasting effects of the pandemic on scientists. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6188. [PMID: 34702862 PMCID: PMC8548590 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26428-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two surveys of principal investigators conducted between April 2020 and January 2021 reveal that while the COVID-19 pandemic’s initial impacts on scientists’ research time seem alleviated, there has been a decline in the rate of initiating new projects. This dimension of impact disproportionately affects female scientists and those with young children and appears to be homogeneous across fields. These findings may have implications for understanding the long-term effects of the pandemic on scientific research. The pandemic has caused disruption to many aspects of scientific research. In this Comment the authors describe the findings from surveys of scientists between April 2020 and January 2021, which suggests there was a decline in new projects started in that time.
Collapse
|
35
|
McKee H, Gohar B, Appleby R, Nowrouzi-Kia B, Hagen BNM, Jones-Bitton A. High Psychosocial Work Demands, Decreased Well-Being, and Perceived Well-Being Needs Within Veterinary Academia During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:746716. [PMID: 34733905 PMCID: PMC8558250 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.746716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher psychosocial work demands in veterinary and academic professions are associated with decreased occupational, physical, and mental well-being. COVID-19 introduced far-reaching challenges that may have increased the psychosocial work demands for these populations, thereby impacting individual- and institutional-level well-being. Our objective was to investigate the psychosocial work demands, health and well-being, and perceived needs of faculty, staff, residents and interns at the Ontario Veterinary College, in Ontario, Canada, during COVID-19. A total of 157 respondents completed a questionnaire between November 2020 and January 2021, that included the Third Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ-III) and open-text questions on perceived needs for well-being. Results showed that COPSOQ-III dimensions of quantitative demands, recognition, sense of community, burnout, stress, and depressive symptoms, were significantly worse in our study population than the Canadian norm. Quantitative and emotional demands, health and well-being (including depressive symptoms, stress, cognitive stress, somatic stress, and burnout), and work-life conflict were also reported to have worsened since the COVID-19 restrictions for most respondents. Females and caregivers had higher odds of experiencing increased work demands, and decreased health and well-being, compared to males and non-caregivers. However, male caregivers experienced worsened supervisor relations, compared to female caregivers. Social capital also worsened for clinical and part-time employees, compared to full-time and non-clinical employees. Respondents identified increased workload support, community-building, recognition of employees' capacities and personal needs, flexible work schedules, and consistent communication, as strategies to increase well-being during COVID-19 and generally. Overall, our findings suggest that COVID-19 has increased occupational demands, work-life conflicts, and decreased well-being in veterinary academia. Institutional-level interventions are discussed and recommended to aid individual and institutional well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayley McKee
- Department of Population Medicine, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Basem Gohar
- Department of Psychology, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Centre for Research in Occupational Safety and Health, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan Appleby
- Department of Clinical Studies, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Briana N. M. Hagen
- Department of Population Medicine, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Andria Jones-Bitton
- Department of Population Medicine, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Aquino EML, Diele-Viegas LM, Pilecco FB, Reis AP, Menezes GMDS. Mulheres das ciências médicas e da saúde e publicações brasileiras sobre Covid-19. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-11042021e105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Apesar do aumento histórico da participação feminina na produção científica brasileira, reconfigurações domésticas e laborais para o controle da Covid-19 podem estar reduzindo a produtividade das mulheres cientistas. A pesquisa GenCovid-Br objetivou traçar um panorama da participação feminina nos artigos sobre Covid-19 das ciências médicas e da saúde, disponibilizados no PubMed, com ao menos um autor de filiação brasileira. Das 1.013 publicações até 14 de agosto de 2020, 6,1% foram escritas exclusivamente por mulheres; 17,2%, exclusivamente por homens; grupos mistos respondem por 31,1% com liderança feminina, e 45,6% com liderança masculina. As mulheres participam mais de artigos com primeira autoria feminina (50,1% vs 35,6% nos liderados por homens). Nos artigos de áreas da Medicina Clínica, em que as mulheres são maioria, ocorre menos participação de autoras, o que também acontece em publicações resultantes de colaborações internacionais. Os presentes resultados indicam a possibilidade de ampliação de desigualdades de gênero prévias durante a pandemia de Covid-19. Novos estudos devem aprofundar a investigação sobre a magnitude e os determinantes desse fenômeno, incluindo análises temporais. As políticas institucionais devem considerar as iniquidades de gênero nas avaliações acadêmicas, prevenindo impactos futuros nas carreiras das mulheres, em particular, das jovens pesquisadoras envolvidas na reprodução social.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estela M. L Aquino
- Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Brasil; Rede CoVida - Ciência, Informação e Solidariedade, Brasil
| | - Luisa Maria Diele-Viegas
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Brasil; Rede CoVida - Ciência, Informação e Solidariedade, Brasil
| | - Flávia Bulegon Pilecco
- Rede CoVida - Ciência, Informação e Solidariedade, Brasil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Reis
- Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Brasil; Rede CoVida - Ciência, Informação e Solidariedade, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wagner K, Pennell SM, Eilert M, Lim SR. Academic mothers with disabilities: Navigating academia and parenthood during COVID-19. GENDER WORK AND ORGANIZATION 2021; 29:342-352. [PMID: 34898867 PMCID: PMC8652755 DOI: 10.1111/gwao.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Academic mothers (including nonbinary, trans, and genderqueer parents) have always faced challenges in their profession due to systemic barriers and a “motherhood tax”; however, COVID‐19 has exacerbated already existing inequalities (Oleschuk, 2020). This study examines how the pandemic has affected academic mothers with mental health and physical disabilities, as these voices often remain hidden and unheard in academia despite increased awareness of their presence (Brown & Leigh, 2018; Kelly & Senior, 2020). Here, we share the voices of 23 participants using a qualitative methodology drawing from social justice and feminist theories to highlight the lived experience of academic mothers with mental and/or physical disabilities and their experiences as a scholar and parent during COVID‐19. Understanding the lived experience of this intersectional population can provide invaluable insights into ableist privilege within higher education, especially in the context of COVID‐19 which has substantially disrupted work and homelife routines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Wagner
- Department of Psychology Gallaudet University Washington District of Columbia USA
| | - Summer Melody Pennell
- College of Educational and Social Services University of Vermont Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Meike Eilert
- Department of Marketing and Supply Chain University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA
| | - Stacey R Lim
- Department of Audiology Central Michigan University Mount Pleasant Michigan USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hu X, Dill M. When Physicians Marry Physicians: Gender Inequities in Work Hours and Income. WOMEN'S HEALTH REPORTS 2021; 2:422-429. [PMID: 34671763 PMCID: PMC8524735 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2021.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Physicians marry other physicians at a high rate, and theories suggest being married to a physician (MTP) may impact a physician's productivity in different ways. This impact may differ by gender and rurality of work location. This study empirically examines MTP's effects by gender and rurality of physicians' work location. Data and Method: This study uses both the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) 2019 National Sample Survey of Physicians (n = 6,000) and the American Community Survey data 2006–2017 (n = 72,900). We conducted cross-sectional, multivariate analysis with interaction terms between MTP, gender, and rurality, controlling for various work and personal characteristics. Results: A female MTP physician works 2.9 fewer hours (95% confidence interval [CI]: −4.3 to −1.4, p = 0.000) per week than a female non-MTP physician, while a male MTP physician's weekly work hours are not significantly different from a male non-MTP physician's. Compared to non-MTP counterparts, male MTP physicians are more likely to have on-call work, and female MTP physicians are much less likely to have on-call work; male MTP physicians earn $6,635 more (95% CIs: $1,613–$11,657, p = 0.010) per year, while female MTP female physicians earn $5,018 less (95% CIs: −$10,684 to $648, p = 0.083). Furthermore, the MTP-associated gender differential effects are more prominent for physicians in rural areas than in urban areas. Results from both datasets are highly comparable. Conclusions: MTP's effects widen the gender gap in physicians' work hours, on-call probability, and earnings. Understanding and examining the mechanisms for these gender differential effects are essential to promote equity in the physician workforce.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochu Hu
- Workforce Studies, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Michael Dill
- Workforce Studies, Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ali R, Ullah H. Lived experiences of women academics during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE 2021; 49:145-152. [PMID: 34493933 PMCID: PMC8414285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajss.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the experiences of women academics while combining the challenging job of online teaching and familial responsibilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. The aim is to outline the disproportionate effects of COVID-19 on women academics. We employed a qualitative research design and collected data through in-depth qualitative telephonic interviews with thirteen women academics in four public sector universities in Pakistan. The findings show that women academics remained overwhelmed by the workload; lacked support; and endured a tiring struggle to manage their official duties and familial responsibilities. They were stressed and stuck in their children and family care and online teaching and had hardly any time for academic writing. The participants expressed being burned out, depressed, exhausted, angry, and in desperate need of personal time. Since women experienced the lockdown differently than men we suggest that they may be compensated at the time of tenure/promotions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Ali
- Assistant Professor Sociology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Hazir Ullah
- Associate Professor Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Exploring the Interrelationship between COVID-19 Phobia, Work–Family Conflict, Family–Work Conflict, and Life Satisfaction among School Administrators for Advancing Sustainable Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13158654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationships between the COVID-19 phobia experienced by school administrators and their work–family conflict, family–work conflict, and life satisfaction. This descriptive research, designed according to the relational survey model, was conducted with the participation of 356 school administrators. The study data were collected through online questionnaires, and then t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and simple linear regression analysis were employed for the statistical analyses. The results revealed that female school administrators experienced greater levels of COVID-19 phobia than their male peers and that COVID-19 phobia is felt more intensely in the psychological and social sub-dimensions. However, female school administrators’ life satisfaction levels were significantly higher than those of male school administrators. In the current study, it was determined that school administrators in the younger age group experienced greater levels of COVID-19 phobia and family–work/work–family conflict than their peers from other age groups. The results of this study revealed a positive and moderate relationship between school administrators’ COVID-19 phobia and their levels of both work–family and family–work conflict. The findings of the study offer significant implications for policy makers in education, showing the importance of developing strategies that will reduce the effects of the pandemic for a more sustainable and efficient employee performance.
Collapse
|
41
|
Academic Identity and Communities of Practice: Narratives of Social Science Academics Career Decisions in Taiwan. EDUCATION SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/educsci11080388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Academic identity is an important aspect of organizing an academic career. An academic identity is distinct and unique and can be defined as the core attitudes that determine how individuals approach the concept of work. In the current era of neoliberalism, changes to university governance in Taiwan have transformed working conditions and hiring practices in academia. Inevitably, role conflicts have emerged, and work stress within higher education institutions has increased. The current study summarizes the narratives of nine academics from the social sciences. The study is anchored in the concept that academic identity formation is rooted in the doctoral education stage. Using a qualitative narrative inquiry lens, interactions between different communities of practice during the doctoral education stage are analyzed, along with later career decisions and the role communities of practice play in those decisions. The findings show that doctoral mentors and fellows all contributed to the formation of a core academic identity, while later career decisions were equally affected by neoliberal policies. It is hoped that by recognizing the role of academic identity, administrators may be able to influence how academics adapt amidst the competing pressures within the academe.
Collapse
|
42
|
Katz NB, Bryan KM, Jumreornvong O, Sarno DL, Ulep RD, Englander MJ. Re: "Academic Productivity Differences by Gender and Child Age in Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine Faculty During the COVID-19 Pandemic" by Krukowski et al. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2021; 30:1052-1053. [PMID: 34115546 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole B Katz
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Danielle L Sarno
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robin D Ulep
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Drudi LM, Nishath T, Ma X, Mouawad NJ, O'Banion LA, Shalhub S. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on wellness among vascular surgeons. Semin Vasc Surg 2021; 34:43-50. [PMID: 34144747 PMCID: PMC9710729 DOI: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed significant strain on the health and welfare of all health care professionals, including vascular surgeons. This review summarizes the implications of the pandemic on the health and wellness of surgeons and trainees, with a particular focus on those in vascular surgery (VS). A literature review was completed using common resource databases. We provide a brief history of burnout in VS and explore burnout and wellness in VS during this unprecedented pandemic. We then offer recommendations to address mental health needs by the VS workforce and highlight opportunities to address the gaps in the literature. The impact of COVID-19 on the professional and personal lives of surgeons and trainees in VS is notable. More than half of vascular surgeons reported some degree of anxiety. Factors associated with anxiety and burnout include COVID-19 exposure, moral injury, practice changes, and financial impacts. Trainees appeared to have more active coping strategies with dampened rates of anxiety compared to those in practice. Women appear to be disproportionately affected by the pandemic, with higher rates of anxiety and burnout. Groups underrepresented in medicine seemed to have more resilience when it came to burnout, but struggled with other inequities in the health care environment, such as structural racism and isolation. Strategies for addressing burnout include mindfulness practices, exercise, and peer and institutional support. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial mental health impact on the VS workforce globally, as shifts were made in patient care, surgical practice, and work-home life concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Drudi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thamanna Nishath
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Xiya Ma
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Leigh Ann O'Banion
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California San Francisco–Fresno, Fresno, CA
| | - Sherene Shalhub
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356410, Seattle, WA, 98195,Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Barriers to Career Progression in the Higher Education Sector: Perceptions of Australian Academics. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13116255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There are multiple factors that can potentially impact the career progression of academics to professoriate level (referred to as levels D and E in Australia). This research provides a detailed understanding of critical factors (by gender) that negatively influence career progressions. Perceptions of factors that influence career progressions have been found to be more pronounced amongst female academics in STEMM and business disciplines. The conventional view of family commitments as being a hindrance to career progression has not been supported in our data. On the contrary, it is the organizational factors that would appear to be prevalent at an institutional level that seems to be significant barriers to the career progression. Particularly for female academics’ progression to levels D and E. The most prominent factors identified through confirmatory factor analysis conducted in the study are workloads and a lack of resources to undertake research and to generate research performance, which is a critical impacting factor for career progression to professoriate levels. These factors have been exacerbated by COVID-19.
Collapse
|
45
|
Tso HH, Parikh JR. Mitigating delayed academic promotion of female radiologists due to the COVID pandemic. Clin Imaging 2021; 76:195-198. [PMID: 33962137 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Achieving promotion in rank is considered an important measure of career success for academic radiologists. Multiple studies have shown prevailing gender inequities disadvantaging women in medicine. The recent global pandemic due to COVID-19 has affected all parts of society but has disproportionately impacted women and may delay academic promotion of female academic radiologists. We reviewed the evidence regarding the potential career impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on female radiologists. The pandemic has disproportionately increased women's domestic and childcare responsibilities and decreased female researchers' productivity which may delay academic promotion. Strategies to address the problem of delayed promotion of female radiologists include raising awareness, mentorship and sponsorship, operational flexibility, and support with domestic and childcare responsibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilda H Tso
- Department of Breast Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jay R Parikh
- Department of Breast Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Muric G, Lerman K, Ferrara E. Gender Disparity in the Authorship of Biomedical Research Publications During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Observational Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25379. [PMID: 33735097 PMCID: PMC8043146 DOI: 10.2196/25379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gender imbalances in academia have been evident historically and persist today. For the past 60 years, we have witnessed the increase of participation of women in biomedical disciplines, showing that the gender gap is shrinking. However, preliminary evidence suggests that women, including female researchers, are disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of unequal distribution of childcare, elderly care, and other kinds of domestic and emotional labor. Sudden lockdowns and abrupt shifts in daily routines have had disproportionate consequences on their productivity, which is reflected by a sudden drop in research output in biomedical research, consequently affecting the number of female authors of scientific publications. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a disproportionate adverse effect on the productivity of female researchers in the biomedical field in terms of authorship of scientific publications. METHODS This is a retrospective observational bibliometric study. We investigated the proportion of male and female researchers who published scientific papers during the COVID-19 pandemic, using bibliometric data from biomedical preprint servers and selected Springer-Nature journals. We used the ordinary least squares regression model to estimate the expected proportions over time by correcting for temporal trends. We also used a set of statistical methods, such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and regression discontinuity design, to test the validity of the results. RESULTS A total of 78,950 papers from the bioRxiv and medRxiv repositories and from 62 selected Springer-Nature journals by 346,354 unique authors were analyzed. The acquired data set consisted of papers that were published between January 1, 2019, and August 2, 2020. The proportion of female first authors publishing in the biomedical field during the pandemic dropped by 9.1%, on average, across disciplines (expected arithmetic mean yest=0.39; observed arithmetic mean y=0.35; standard error of the estimate, Sest=0.007; standard error of the observation, σx=0.004). The impact was particularly pronounced for papers related to COVID-19 research, where the proportion of female scientists in the first author position dropped by 28% (yest=0.39; y=0.28; Sest=0.007; σx=0.007). When looking at the last authors, the proportion of women dropped by 7.9%, on average (yest=0.25; y=0.23; Sest=0.005; σx=0.003), while the proportion of women writing about COVID-19 as the last author decreased by 18.8% (yest=0.25; y=0.21; Sest=0.005; σx=0.007). Further, by geocoding authors' affiliations, we showed that the gender disparities became even more apparent when disaggregated by country, up to 35% in some cases. CONCLUSIONS Our findings document a decrease in the number of publications by female authors in the biomedical field during the global pandemic. This effect was particularly pronounced for papers related to COVID-19, indicating that women are producing fewer publications related to COVID-19 research. This sudden increase in the gender gap was persistent across the 10 countries with the highest number of researchers. These results should be used to inform the scientific community of this worrying trend in COVID-19 research and the disproportionate effect that the pandemic has had on female academics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goran Muric
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kristina Lerman
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Emilio Ferrara
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Computer Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lerchenmüller C, Schmallenbach L, Jena AB, Lerchenmueller MJ. Longitudinal analyses of gender differences in first authorship publications related to COVID-19. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045176. [PMID: 33820790 PMCID: PMC8025238 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Concerns have been raised that the COVID-19 pandemic has shifted research productivity to the disadvantage of women in academia, particularly in early career stages. In this study, we aimed to assess the pandemic's effect on women's COVID-19-related publishing over the first year of the pandemic. METHODS AND RESULTS We compared the gender distribution of first authorships for 42 898 publications on COVID-19 from 1 February 2020 to 31 January 2021 to 483 232 publications appearing in the same journals during the same period the year prior. We found that the gender gap-the percentage of articles on which men versus women were first authors-widened by 14 percentage points during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite many pertinent research fields showing near equal proportions of men and women first authors publishing in the same fields before the pandemic. Longitudinal analyses revealed that the significant initial expansions of the gender gap began to trend backwards to expected values over time in many fields. As women may have been differentially affected depending on their geography, we also assessed the gender distribution of first authorships grouped by countries and geographical areas. While we observed a significant reduction of the shares of women first authors in almost all countries, longitudinal analyses confirmed a resolving trend over time. CONCLUSION The reduction in women's COVID-19-related research output appears particularly concerning as many disciplines informing the response to the pandemic had near equal gender shares of first authorship in the year prior to the pandemic. The acute productivity drain with the onset of the pandemic magnifies deep-rooted obstacles on the way to gender equity in scientific contribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Lerchenmüller
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Heart and Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Anupam B Jena
- Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Getting Back on Their Feet: Women in Sport and Exercise Academic Network Virtual Conference, Sept 7–8, 2020. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1123/wspaj.2020-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
49
|
Why documenting every gender bias counts: A short commentary. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2021. [DOI: 10.32872/spb.5337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
50
|
Sarah K, Oceane S, Emily F, Carole F. Learning from lockdown - Assessing the positive and negative experiences, and coping strategies of researchers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2021; 236:105269. [PMID: 36540095 PMCID: PMC9755055 DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2021.105269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
With the disruption of nonessential research due to the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers faced unexpected changes in their work and personal life. We assessed what challenges researchers encountered during lockdown and whether gender, career level, discipline, and job-permanency influenced their experiences (negative and positive), thereby collecting empirical material which could provide valuable information for future mentoring/supporting practices. Data were collected between July-August 2020 via an online-survey, and answers from 210 respondents (78% female, 21% male, 1% non-disclosed gender) working in Animal Behaviour and Welfare (ABW, 57%), other biological sciences (37%) or social sciences (6%) were analysed. Respondents were post-graduate students (35%), research associates (35%), and professors (22%) or classified as 'other' (8%), and overall fixed-term (55%) and permanent (45%) jobholders. We expected that early career researchers, non-permanent jobholders, and female respondents would report more challenges/less positive experiences during lockdown. Due to the widespread impact of the pandemic, we predicted no effect of academic disciplines. We found great inter-individual difference in the experiences reported by the respondents, with some reporting adaptation to a new routine within a week (31% of the respondents) and/or greater efficiency working from home (19%) while others felt less efficient working from home and/or experienced a greater imbalance towards work (30%) and/or increased personal responsibilities (24%). The most commonly reported challenges were the lack of informal contact with colleagues (63%), a loss of focus due to worry or stress (53%) and/or unsuitable working environments (47%). Postgraduate students, research associates, non-permanent jobholders and ABW researchers reported more work-related challenges (p = from 0.03 to <0.0001) and were more likely to worry about the future (p = from 0.0002 to <0.0001) than other career levels, permanent jobholders, and researchers from other disciplines respectively. We found no gender effect (p = from 0.006 [NS due to Benjamini-Liu correction for multiple comparisons, 24 metrics tested] to 1.000), except that female respondents reported more personal changes affecting their ability to work than male respondents (p = 0.037). On a positive note, most respondents (83%) perceived positive changes during lockdown and 60% reported one or more coping strategies during lockdown, with exercising/outdoor activities and interacting with family/friends most commonly reported. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations for overcoming the reported Covid-19-related challenges which could further deliver valuable guidance for supporting/mentoring schemes and activities fostering a more resilient research community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kappel Sarah
- University of Plymouth, School of Biological and Marine Science, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Schmitt Oceane
- University of Bristol, Bristol Veterinary School, Langford House, Langford, BS40 5DU, UK
| | - Finnegan Emily
- University of Bristol, Bristol Veterinary School, Langford House, Langford, BS40 5DU, UK
| | - Fureix Carole
- University of Plymouth, School of Biological and Marine Science, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| |
Collapse
|