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Åstrøm AN, Berge KG, Birungi N, Brattabø IV. Information sharing between the dental healthcare and child welfare services regarding child maltreatment-A repeated cross-sectional study in Norway. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024; 34:494-504. [PMID: 38173186 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about dental healthcare workers reported suspected child maltreatment to and received inquiry from the child welfare services (CWS). AIM Assess time lag differences in public dental healthcare workers' information sharing with CWS and identify sociodemographic and attitudinal covariates of information sharing with CWS in 2014 and 2019. DESIGN In 2014 and 2019, a national census of 1542 and 1791 Norwegian dental health care workers, respectively, were invited to participate in an electronic survey. Of them, 1200 (77.8%) and 1270 (70.9%) replied to the questionnaires. Time trends of reported child maltreatment and received inquiries were estimated and adjusted for sociodemographics, attitudes, trust, and collaborative routines in logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The likelihood of reported child maltreatment to and received inquiry from CWS was higher in 2019 than in 2014 (OR 1.4 [95% CI 1.2-1.7] and OR 1.1 [95% CI 0.9-1.4]). Significant associations occurred with sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes, and collaborative routines. The likelihood of receiving inquiry about whether being employed long versus short term was higher in 2019 than in 2014. CONCLUSION Information sharing between dental healthcare workers and CWS improved across time and might promote beneficial outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm
- Oral Health Center of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Nancy Birungi
- Oral Health Center of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway
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Tamada Y, Kusama T, Ono S, Maeda M, Murata F, Osaka K, Fukuda H, Takeuchi K. Validity of claims-based definition of number of remaining teeth in Japan: Results from the Longevity Improvement and Fair Evidence Study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299849. [PMID: 38713670 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary healthcare data use has been increasing in the dental research field. The validity of the number of remaining teeth assessed from Japanese dental claims data has been reported in several studies, but has not been tested in the general population in Japan. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the validity of the number of remaining teeth assessed from Japanese dental claims data and assess its predictability against subsequent health deterioration. METHODS We used the claims data of residents of a municipality that implemented oral health screening programs. Using the number of teeth in the screening records as the reference standard, we assessed the validity of the claims-based number of teeth by calculating the mean differences. In addition, we assessed the association between the claims-based number of teeth and pneumococcal disease (PD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) in adults aged ≥65 years using Cox proportional hazards analyses. RESULTS Of the 10,154 participants, the mean number of teeth assessed from the claims data was 20.9, that in the screening records was 20.5, and their mean difference was 0.5. During the 3-year follow-up, PD or AD onset was observed in 10.4% (3,212/30,838) and 5.3% (1,589/30,207) of participants, respectively. Compared with participants with ≥20 teeth, those with 1-9 teeth had a 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-1.43) or 1.19 (95% CI: 1.04-1.36) times higher risk of developing PD or AD, respectively. CONCLUSION High validity of the claims-based number of teeth was observed. In addition, the claims-based number of teeth was associated with the risk of PD and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Tamada
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taro Kusama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ono
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Eat-loss Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Maeda
- Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Fumiko Murata
- Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Fukuda
- Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Espinosa Dice AL, Lawn RB, Ratanatharathorn A, Roberts AL, Denckla CA, Kim AH, de la Rosa PA, Zhu Y, VanderWeele TJ, Koenen KC. Childhood maltreatment and health in the UK Biobank: triangulation of outcome-wide and polygenic risk score analyses. BMC Med 2024; 22:135. [PMID: 38523269 PMCID: PMC10962116 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment is common globally and impacts morbidity, mortality, and well-being. Our understanding of its impact is constrained by key substantive and methodological limitations of extant research, including understudied physical health outcomes and bias due to unmeasured confounding. We address these limitations through a large-scale outcome-wide triangulation study. METHODS We performed two outcome-wide analyses (OWAs) in the UK Biobank. First, we examined the relationship between self-reported maltreatment exposure (number of maltreatment types, via Childhood Trauma Screener) and 414 outcomes in a sub-sample of 157,316 individuals using generalized linear models ("observational OWA"). Outcomes covered a broad range of health themes including health behaviors, cardiovascular disease, digestive health, socioeconomic status, and pain. Second, we examined the relationship between a polygenic risk score for maltreatment and 298 outcomes in a non-overlapping sample of 243,006 individuals ("genetic OWA"). We triangulated results across OWAs based on differing sources of bias. RESULTS Overall, 23.8% of the analytic sample for the observational OWA reported at least one maltreatment type. Of 298 outcomes examined in both OWAs, 25% were significant in both OWAs and concordant in the direction of association. Most of these were considered robust in the observational OWA according to sensitivity analyses and included outcomes such as marital separation (OR from observational OWA, ORo = 1.25 (95% CI: 1.21, 1.29); OR from genetic OWA, ORg = 1.06 (1.03, 1.08)), major diet changes due to illness (ORo = 1.27 (1.24, 1.29); ORg = 1.01 (1.00, 1.03)), certain intestinal diseases (ORo = 1.14 (1.10, 1.18); ORg = 1.03 (1.01, 1.06)), hearing difficulty with background noise (ORo = 1.11 (1.11, 1.12); ORg = 1.01 (1.00, 1.01)), knee arthrosis (ORo = 1.13 (1.09, 1.18); ORg = 1.03 (1.01, 1.05)), frequent sleeplessness (ORo = 1.21 (1.20, 1.23); ORg = 1.02 (1.01, 1.03)), and low household income (ORo = 1.28 (1.26, 1.31); ORg = 1.02 (1.01, 1.03)). Approximately 62% of results were significant in the observational OWA but not the genetic OWA, including numerous cardiovascular outcomes. Only 6 outcomes were significant in the genetic OWA and null in the observational OWA; these included diastolic blood pressure and glaucoma. No outcomes were statistically significant in opposite directions in the two analyses, and 11% were not significant in either OWA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the far-reaching negative effects of childhood maltreatment in later life and the utility of an outcome-wide triangulation design with sensitivity analyses for improving causal inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lucia Espinosa Dice
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Rebecca B Lawn
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Ratanatharathorn
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Andrea L Roberts
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christy A Denckla
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ariel H Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pedro A de la Rosa
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler J VanderWeele
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karestan C Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Psychiatric Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Ashida T, Fujiwara T, Kondo K. Association between adverse childhood experiences and social integration among older people in Japan: Results from the JAGES study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 114:105099. [PMID: 37329767 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Social integration, network, and support are beneficial to health. However, there is little evidence of the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and social integration in later life. This study investigates the association between ACE history and social integration in older people. We used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) 2013, which conducted a self-reported survey of functionally independent people aged ≥ 65 years from 30 municipalities across Japan and yielded information on ACE history. We conducted a Poisson regression analysis with robust error variances to assess the association between ACE history and social integration, adjusting for sex, age, childhood economic hardship, adult socioeconomic status, health status, living status, and trust in others. The number of respondents with at least one incident of ACE was approximately 36.8%. The prevalence ratios for those who reported a history of ACEs were as follows: housebound 1.495 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-1.88), small network size 1.146 (95% CI: 1.10-1.19), low network contact 1.059 (95% CI: 1.00-1.059), non-membership sports group 1.038 (95% CI: 1.00-1.07), and non-membership hobby group 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03-1.09). Among older people in Japan, a history of ACEs is inversely associated with social integration. These findings support the life course approach and suggest that adverse events in early life may have an impact on social life in old age. In order to promote healthy aging, it is important to recognize the significant impact of early-life adversities that can extend into later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyo Ashida
- Faculty of Economics, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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Abbas H, Takeuchi K, Kiuchi S, Kondo K, Osaka K. Exposure to household dysfunction at childhood and later number of teeth among older Japanese adults: A life course study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. J Public Health Dent 2023; 83:299-308. [PMID: 37525371 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the life course association between exposure to two household dysfunctions (father violence against mother and parental divorce) at childhood (≤18 years) with later number of remaining teeth (≥65 years) in functionally independent older Japanese population. This was the first study to investigate this research question in the Asian context. METHODS The Japan Gerontological Evaluation study (JAGES) self-reported retrospective data gathered in 2013 was used (n = 21,604). Each household dysfunction was binary variable (Yes/No), while the five categories of the number of remaining teeth were ≥20, 10-19, 5-9, 1-4, and no teeth. Sex-stratified ordered logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of having fewer teeth. The models were adjusted for age, economic adversity in childhood, educational attainment, comorbidities, and smoking status. RESULTS Overall, 46.4% were men and a total of 1149 participants (5.3%) experienced household dysfunction at childhood [men = 642 (6.4%), women = 507 (4.4%)]. The regression models showed higher OR of having fewer teeth among men who experienced a household dysfunction [OR = 1.16; 95% Confidence interval (CI) = 1.00-1.36] than men who did not. This association was not observed among women [OR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.79-1.13]. Similar magnitude and direction of the association was observed among men but not among women when the two components of household dysfunction were used separately and aggregately as exposure variables. CONCLUSION An exposure to a household dysfunction at childhood was associated with having fewer teeth in later life among men but not among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Abbas
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sakura Kiuchi
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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Fujiwara T, Koyama Y, Isumi A, Matsuyama Y, Tani Y, Ichida Y, Kondo K, Kawachi I. " What Did You Do in the War, Daddy?": Paternal Military Conscription During WWII, Economic Hardship and Family Violence in Childhood, and Health in Late Life in Japan. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:8114-8135. [PMID: 36794857 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231153889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Childhood adversity is a risk factor for poor health in late life and includes economic hardship and family violence, whose prevalence is high among offspring of military conscripted father. We assessed the association between paternal military conscription (PMC) and paternal war death (PWD) during Second World War and self-rated health (SRH) among older adults in Japan. Data were obtained from a population-based cohort of functionally independent people aged 65 years or older from 39 municipalities across Japan in 2016. Information on PMC and SRH was obtained through a self-report questionnaire. A total of 20,286 participants were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression to investigate the association between PMC, PWD, and poor health. Causal mediation analysis was performed to see whether childhood economic hardship and family violence mediated the association. Among participants, 19.7% reported PMC (including 3.3% PWD). In the age- and sex-adjusted model, older people with PMC showed higher risk of poor health (odds ratio [OR]: 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.06, 1.28]), while those with PWD were not associated (OR: 0.96, 95% CI [0.77, 1.20]). Causal mediation showed a mediation effect of childhood family violence exposure on the association between PMC and poor health (proportion mediated: 6.9%). Economic hardship did not mediate the association. PMC, but not PWD, increased the risk of poor health in older age, which was partially explained by the exposure to family violence in childhood. There appears to be a transgenerational health impact of war which continues to affect the health of offspring as they age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Fujiwara
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuna Koyama
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Isumi
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yukako Tani
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Ichida
- Doctoral Institute for Evidence Based Policy, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Gunter E, Sevier-Guy LJ, Heffernan A. Top tips for supporting patients with a history of psychological trauma. Br Dent J 2023; 234:490-494. [PMID: 37059757 PMCID: PMC10103653 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-5758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Gunter
- Trainee Clinical Associate in Applied Psychology, NHS Fife, UK.
| | | | - Abigail Heffernan
- Consultant in Special Care Dentistry, Clinical Lead for Special Care and Paediatric Dentistry, Dundee Dental Hospital and School, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK.
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Bahanan L, Ayoub S. The association between adverse childhood experiences and oral health: A systematic review. J Public Health Dent 2023. [PMID: 36916213 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is well established that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) negatively affect health and are associated with health-risk behaviors. This study aimed to provide a systematic review of the studies that examine the relationship between ACE exposure and oral health among adults aged 18 years and older. METHODS The following electronic databases were searched in January 2022: MEDLINE, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS Among the 292 articles identified, four met the eligibility criteria. All included studies were cross-sectional and of satisfactory quality. The dental outcomes included: last dental visit, last dental cleaning, number of filled teeth, number of extracted teeth, and number of remaining teeth. The studies showed that exposure to ACE was negatively associated with oral health. The relationship between ACE score and oral health outcome measures was found to be directly proportional. CONCLUSION There is an association between ACE and poor oral health. Moreover, the association was proven to have a dose-response relationship. Given that the studies in the literature were cross-sectional, causality cannot be determined with certainty, therefore interpretation of the results should be cautious. Longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to understand how ACEs contribute to oral diseases later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Bahanan
- Department of Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Solafa Ayoub
- Department of Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Tang Z, Huang C, Li Y, Sun Y, Chen X. Early-life adversity and edentulism among Chinese older adults. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:542. [PMID: 36434640 PMCID: PMC9700936 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicate the relationship between ELA with oral health problems. However, most focus on single types of adversity. The association of cumulative ELA with edentulism, the final marker of disease burden for oral health, remains unclear. METHODS Data came from 17,610 elderly participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). In 2014, the Life History Survey Questionnaire was utilized to evaluate the experience of threat and deprivation. Information on edentulism was evaluated through self-report from the follow-up in 2013, 2015, and 2018. By controlling for age, education, hukou residence, marital status, and disease history, logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationships between distinct dimensions of ELA and risk of edentulism. RESULTS Nearly half (49.8%) of the 17,610 older persons (mean [SD] age at baseline: 63.6 [9.4] years) reported experiencing early adversity due to threat-related ELA, and 77.9% reported having deprivation-related ELA. ELA characterised by threat was associated with edentulism in both male and female participants. Two forms of threat-related ELA exposure were linked to a 1.65-fold and 1.73-fold higher risk for edentulism in both male (95% CI 1.23, 2.21) and female participants (95% CI 1.31, 2.29), compared to no threat-related ELA exposure. Both male (95% CI 2.34, 4.24) and female participants (95% CI 2.49, 4.56) had a 3.15-fold and 3.37-fold higher risk for edentulism when exposed to three or more threat-related ELAs. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that ELA marked by threat is linked to an increased risk of edentulism. The biological pathways between different dimensions of ELA and teeth loss should be clarified by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Tang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XStomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuanlong Huang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XStomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Li
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XStomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Sun
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XStomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Chen
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XStomatologic Hospital and College, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Nakano R, Ohshima T, Mukai Y, Tsurumoto A, Maeda N. Association Between Dental Caries Prevalence and Stress Levels in Japanese Children. Cureus 2022; 14:e31074. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Fujiwara T. Impact of adverse childhood experience on physical and mental health: A life-course epidemiology perspective. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:544-551. [PMID: 36002401 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been shown to have long-term effects on physical and mental health, not only in the US, but also other countries, including Japan. In this paper, measurement of assessment of ACEs has been discussed, that is, concept (what is ACEs), inquiry (how to ask about ACEs), scoring (how to count the number of ACEs), and prevalence (how many ACEs do we have). In addition, a possible mechanism on how ACEs affect health was summarized from a life-course perspective, using the critical/sensitive period model, pathway model, and cumulative model with recent evidence on neurological findings. Intergenerational transmission, that is, maternal ACEs affecting the health of the offspring was also reviewed. Finally, future directions on how to prevent and remedy the impact of ACEs on health was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Alcalá HE, Ng A, Tkach N, Navarra M. Adverse Childhood Experiences and utilization of dental care: A cross sectional study of children in the United States. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Early childhood adversity and late-life depressive symptoms: unpacking mediation and interaction by adult socioeconomic status. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:1147-1156. [PMID: 35103808 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to diminished health achievement across the life course. However, few studies have rigorously investigated the role of adult socioeconomic status (SES) as a mediator and an effect modifier of the association between ACEs and late-life depression. We used a four-way decomposition analysis to examine the relative contributions of mediation and interaction by low adult SES to the association between ACEs and late-life depression. METHODS Data came from two waves (2013 and 2016) of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide cohort of older people (n = 7271). ACEs were determined as ≥ 2 experiences of the following: parental loss, parental divorce, parental mental illness, domestic violence, physical abuse, psychological neglect, psychological abuse, and economic disadvantage. Low adult SES was defined as earning < 2 million yen of income and < 10 years of schooling. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale. RESULTS Controlled direct effect (coefficient 0.28; 95% CI 0.08-0.46) accounted for 69.1% of the total effect, which was greater than the other three estimates for the decomposed effects (reference interaction 20.8%, mediated interaction 5.7%, and pure indirect effect 4.4%). Adult SES accounted for 10.1% (via mediation) and 26.5% (via exposure-mediator interaction) of the total association between ACEs and depressive symptoms, respectively. CONCLUSION ACEs appeared to be a strong and independent determinant of depressive symptoms in later life. Nonetheless, the interaction between ACEs and adult SES indicates that achieving high adult SES could mitigate the adverse effect of ACEs on late-life depression.
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Kisely S, Strathearn L, Najman JM. A Comparison of Oral Health Outcomes of Self-Reported and Agency-Notified Child Maltreatment in a Population-Based Birth Cohort at 30-Year-Old Follow-Up. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:179-187. [PMID: 34629426 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Information on the oral health outcomes of childhood maltreatment in adulthood is limited and reliant on retrospective questionnaires that are subject to recall bias. There are no data from prospective studies using maltreatment reports to statutory agencies. We therefore assessed the effect on dental outcomes and oral health care at 30-year follow-up using both prospective agency notifications and retrospective self-reports of child maltreatment in the same birth cohort. METHODS There were 2456 adults with data on dental outcomes and oral health care at follow-up. Information on self-reported abuse was collected using the Child Trauma Questionnaire and linked to child maltreatment notifications to statutory agencies. RESULTS The prevalence of self- and agency-reported maltreatment was 599 (24.4%) and 142 (5.8%), respectively. At follow-up, 850 participants (34.6%) had undergone a dental extraction for infection or decay, and 810 had experienced significant dental pain over their lifetime. One-third had not visited a dental clinic in the previous 2 years, and 40% failed to brush their teeth at least twice daily. On adjusted analyses, both self- and agency-reported maltreatment showed significant associations with dental extraction (odds ratio = 1.47 [95% confidence interval = 1.21-1.80] and odds ratio = 1.44 [95% confidence interval = 1.01-2.06], respectively). There were similar results for brushing frequency, whereas self-reported maltreatment was associated with dental pain. However, associations were weaker for dental clinic visits and some child maltreatment subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Child maltreatment is associated with adverse oral health consequences in adulthood and is thus a dental and wider public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Kisely
- From the School of Medicine (Kisely), University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland; Departments of Psychiatry, Community Health and Epidemiology (Kisely), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada; Stead Family Department of Paediatrics, Developmental and Behavioural Paediatrics (Strathearn), University of Iowa; Center for Disabilities and Development (Strathearn), University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa; and School of Public Health (Najman), The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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15
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Simon A, Cage J, Akinkugbe AA. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Oral Health Outcomes in U.S. Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study of the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12313. [PMID: 34886034 PMCID: PMC8657285 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the cross-sectional associations between exposure to nine Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and U.S. children's and adolescent's oral health outcomes. Data from 41,294 participants of the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) were analyzed. Past year exposure to ACE, oral health outcomes (decayed teeth, bleeding gums, and condition of the teeth), and child and caregiver sociodemographic factors were self-reported. Using SAS v. 9.4, propensity score weighted, multilevel survey-logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) of the proposed associations. The overall mean (SE) age was 8.9 (0.1) years with 51% being male. Fifty-four percent (54%) identified as non-Hispanic white, and 12% as non-Hispanic black. The prevalence of the nine ACE measures ranged from 3% for caregiver death to 25% for financial hardship and parental divorce. Children who experienced caregiver mental illness, when compared to those who did not, were more likely to report decayed teeth (AOR: 1.73 (95% CI: 1.24, 2.42)) and the condition of their teeth as fair/poor (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 0.61, 4.19). Children in households with financial hardship were about twice as likely to report dental caries (AOR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.50, 2.29) and have fair/poor teeth (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.51) and bleeding gums (AOR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.48, 3.86). ACEs appear to be associated with worse oral health outcomes among children and adolescents. Nevertheless, the cross-sectional nature of this study precludes a causal interpretation of these findings and necessitates more research to elucidate the oral health impacts of exposure to ACEs in longitudinal follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Simon
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Jamie Cage
- School of Social Work, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Aderonke A. Akinkugbe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
- Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry and Innovation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
- Department of Dental Public Health and Policy, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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16
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Bosch J, Weaver TL, Arnold LD. Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Oral Health Among Women in the United States: Findings From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:10220-10238. [PMID: 31660775 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519883872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) negatively impact physical and mental health. There is a paucity of research examining the impact of ACEs on oral health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to better understand how ACEs may impact oral health utilizing a nationally representative sample of females. Data from the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were utilized. The sample comprised 36,249 females. Chi-square tests were used to examine associations between multiple forms of ACEs and oral health, mental health, smoking, and health-related quality of life. Logistic regression models were generated for the outcomes of interest: last dental cleaning, significant tooth loss, smoking, and health-related quality of life. Post-hoc analyses were conducted to examine whether smoking and dental cleaning moderated the relationship between ACEs and significant tooth loss. All ACE categories were significantly associated with poor health-related quality of life, being a current or former smoker, last dental cleaning >1 year, and significant tooth loss even after adjusting for demographic variables. Last dental cleaning and being a current or former smoker moderated the relationship between ACEs and significant tooth loss. This study affirms other findings that women with a history of ACEs were more likely to engage in health-risk behaviors, specifically cigarette smoking, which has been strongly associated with ACEs. These findings underscore the importance of including oral health in future studies given it has implications for disease development. Furthermore, dental visits may provide a window of opportunity for trauma-informed care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeane Bosch
- Saint Louis University, MO, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, CA, USA
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17
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Doi S, Koyama Y, Tani Y, Murayama H, Inoue S, Fujiwara T, Shobugawa Y. Do Social Ties Moderate the Association between Childhood Maltreatment and Gratitude in Older Adults? Results from the NEIGE Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111082. [PMID: 34769605 PMCID: PMC8582950 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Childhood maltreatment can impede gratitude, yet little is known about the older population and its moderators. The aim of this study is to clarify the association between childhood maltreatment and levels of gratitude of the older population, and the moderating effect of social ties on the association. Methods: We analyzed the data of 524 community-dwelling older adults aged 65–84 years without functional disabilities in Tokamachi City, Niigata, Japan, collected for the Neuron to Environmental Impact across Generations (NEIGE) study in 2017. Using a questionnaire, the participants rated three types of childhood maltreatment before the age of 18 (physical abuse, emotional neglect, and psychological abuse), level of gratitude, and social ties. Results: We found an inverse association between emotional neglect and gratitude. Furthermore, emotional neglect was inversely associated with gratitude only for those with lower levels of social ties. Conclusions: Promoting social ties may mitigate the adverse impact of emotional neglect on the level of gratitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Doi
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.T.); (T.F.)
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5803-5188
| | - Yuna Koyama
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.T.); (T.F.)
| | - Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.T.); (T.F.)
| | - Hiroshi Murayama
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan;
| | - Shigeru Inoue
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan;
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.T.); (T.F.)
| | - Yugo Shobugawa
- Division of International Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
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Tani Y, Fujiwara T, Kondo K. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Dementia: Interactions With Social Capital in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study Cohort. Am J Prev Med 2021; 61:225-234. [PMID: 33985835 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated whether individual-level social capital modifies the association between adverse childhood experiences and dementia onset. METHODS A 3-year follow-up (2013-2016) was conducted among participants who were physically and cognitively independent in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Dementia incidence for 16,821 participants was assessed through the public long-term care insurance system. Adverse childhood experiences before age 18 years and social capital were assessed using a self-report questionnaire at baseline in 2013. A total of 7 adverse childhood experiences were assessed: parental death, parental divorce, parental mental illness, family violence, physical abuse, psychological neglect, and psychological abuse. To assess social capital's mediating effect, 3 individual social capital items were measured (community trust, reciprocity, and attachment). The overall social capital score was categorized as low (<10th percentile), middle (10th-90th percentile), or high (>90th percentile). Data were analyzed in 2020. RESULTS During the 3-year follow-up, 652 dementia cases occurred. Those with more adverse childhood experiences had a greater risk of dementia. Stratification by social capital score showed that the hazard ratio of ≥3 adverse childhood experiences (versus none) was 3.25 (95% CI=1.73, 6.10) among those with low social capital and 1.19 (95% CI=0.58, 2.43) among those with middle social capital. Among those with ≥3 adverse childhood experiences and high social capital, no dementia cases were observed. CONCLUSIONS Among older adults in Japan, adverse childhood experiences were associated with increased dementia incidence only for those with low social capital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Bradbury-Jones C, Isham L, Morris AJ, Taylor J. The "Neglected" Relationship Between Child Maltreatment and Oral Health? An International Scoping Review of Research. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2021; 22:265-276. [PMID: 31043121 DOI: 10.1177/1524838019841598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the oral health needs of children who have, or are suspected of having, experienced abuse or neglect has become a focus of concern. It is thus valuable and timely to map the contemporary nature of the research landscape in this expanding field. This review reports the findings of a scoping review of the international empirical literature. The aim was to explore the relationship between child maltreatment and oral health and how this complex issue is addressed in contemporary dental, health, and social work practice. The review identified 68 papers, analysis of which identified three themes: (1) There is a relationship between poor oral health and child maltreatment that is well evidenced but conceptually underdeveloped. (2) There are discrepancies between the knowledge of members of the dental team about child maltreatment and their confidence and aptitude to identify and report child protection concerns. (3) There are areas of local-level policy and practice development that seek to improve working relationships between dentists and health and social work practitioners; however, there is widespread evidence that the oral health needs of this group of vulnerable children are not consistently met. To orientate critical discussion and planning for future research and practice, we present the Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for practice and Research recommendations (PAGER) framework. The review's findings are likely to be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers working across dentistry, health and social work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise Isham
- 1724University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Julie Taylor
- 1724University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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20
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Matsuyama Y, Listl S, Jürges H, Watt RG, Aida J, Tsakos G. Causal Effect of Tooth Loss on Functional Capacity in Older Adults in England: A Natural Experiment. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:1319-1327. [PMID: 33496349 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Tooth loss is associated with reduced functional capacity, but so far, there is no relevant causal evidence reported. We investigated the causal effect of tooth loss on the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) among older adults in England. DESIGN Natural experiment study with instrumental variable analysis. SETTING The English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) combined with the participants' childhood exposure to water fluoride due to the community water fluoridation. PARTICIPANTS Five thousand six hundred and thirty one adults in England born in 1945-1965 participated in the ELSA wave seven survey (conducted in 2014-2015; average age: 61.0 years, 44.6% men). MEASUREMENTS The number of natural teeth predicted by the exogenous geographical and historical variation in exposure to water fluoride from age 5 to 20 years old (instrumental variable) was used as an exposure variable. The outcome, having any limitations in IADL (preparing a hot meal, shopping for groceries, making telephone calls, taking medications, doing work around the house or garden, or managing money), was assessed by self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS Linear probability model with Two-Stage Least Squares estimation was fitted. Being exposed to fluoridated water was associated with having more natural teeth in later life (coefficient: 0.726; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.311, 1.142; F = 11.749). Retaining one more natural tooth reduced the probability of having a limitation in IADL by 3.1 percentage points (coefficient: -0.031; 95% CI = -0.060, -0.002). CONCLUSION Preventing tooth loss maintains functional capacity among older adults in England. Given the high prevalence of tooth loss, this effect is considerable. Further research on the mechanism of the observed causal relationship is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Matsuyama
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Listl
- Department of Dentistry - Quality and Safety of Oral Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Translational Health Economics Group, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Jürges
- Schumpeter School of Business and Economics, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Richard G Watt
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Division for Regional Community Development, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Georgios Tsakos
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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21
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Ito K, Doi S, Isumi A, Fujiwara T. Association between Childhood Maltreatment History and Premenstrual Syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020781. [PMID: 33477613 PMCID: PMC7831299 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment history has known relationships with various mental and physical diseases; however, little is known about its association with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). In this study, we investigated the association between childhood maltreatment history and PMS among young women in Japan. In a Japanese city, we approached 3815 women aged 10–60 years who visited a gynecology clinic and one general practice clinic. A questionnaire on childhood maltreatment history and PMS was administered to them. We observed that women with histories of childhood maltreatment demonstrated a significantly increased risk of PMS compared with those without such histories (odds ratio: 1.47, 95% confidence interval: 1.20–1.81). Particularly, women with childhood physical or emotional abuse demonstrated a stronger association with PMS, whereas other forms of childhood maltreatment (emotional neglect, witnessing of intimate-partner violence, or sexual abuse) were not associated with PMS. Our results illustrate that childhood maltreatment may be a risk factor for PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Ito
- Cocokara Women’s Clinic, Nagoya 461-0001, Japan;
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (S.D.); (A.I.)
| | - Satomi Doi
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (S.D.); (A.I.)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Aya Isumi
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (S.D.); (A.I.)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (S.D.); (A.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5803-5187
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22
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Hirosaki M, Ohira T, Shirai K, Kondo N, Aida J, Yamamoto T, Takeuchi K, Kondo K. Association between frequency of laughter and oral health among community-dwelling older adults: a population-based cross-sectional study in Japan. Qual Life Res 2021; 30:1561-1569. [PMID: 33432445 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral health has been reported to have an impact on the activities of daily life such as chewing, eating, and laughing, while psychological factors such as depression and loneliness have been reported to affect oral health. Little is known, however, about the association between laughter and oral health in older adults. This study examined the bidirectional association between the frequency of daily laughter and oral health in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. METHODS Our cross-sectional study employed data from the 2013 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study's self-reported survey, which included 11,239 male and 12,799 female community-dwelling independent individuals aged 65 years or older. We defined the oral health status by the number of remaining teeth. The association between the self-reported frequency of laughter (almost every day, 1-5 days per week, 1-3 days per month, or almost never) and oral health was examined using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The participants with 10 or more teeth were significantly more likely to laugh compared with the edentulous participants, after adjusting for all covariates. Compared with those who almost never laughed, those who laughed 1-5 days per week were significantly less likely to be edentulous. After stratifying by sex, similar results were found only in the men for both analyses. CONCLUSION There was a significant bidirectional association between frequency of laughter and oral health that was independent of socioeconomic and lifestyle factors among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Hirosaki
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan. .,Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Ohira
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Division for Regional Community Development, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Disaster Medicine and Dental Sociology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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23
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Åstrøm AN, Smith ORF, Sulo G. Early-life course factors and oral health among young Norwegian adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 49:55-62. [PMID: 32918289 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using a national sample of young Norwegian adults, we examined whether unpleasant experience with dental care during childhood is associated with tooth loss and oral health-related quality of life in adulthood after accounting for early- and later-life socio-behavioural circumstances and dental avoidance behaviour. METHODS 2433 individuals aged 25-35 years participated in an electronic survey. Oral quality of life was measured using the oral impact of daily performance (OIDP) inventory. Generalized linear models and negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the association of early unpleasant experiences with dental care and tooth loss and OIDP scores. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the relative differences in prevalence of tooth loss and OIDP scores. RESULTS Adjusting for early-life characteristics only, the prevalence of tooth loss was 1.42 (IRR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.24-1.64) and 1.96 (IRR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.70-2.26) times higher among individuals who reported unpleasant experiences a few times or several times, than in individuals who did not report unpleasant experiences with dental care in childhood. Adjusting further for educational level, smoking and tooth brushing attenuated the relative differences (IRR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.22-1.62 and IRR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.62-2.17, respectively). Lastly, when adjusting for dental avoidance behaviour, the prevalence of tooth loss was 1.29 (IRR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.11-1.50) and 1.58 (IRR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.32-1.88) times higher among individuals who reported unpleasant experiences a few times or several times than in those who did not. Corresponding associations of early unpleasant experience with OIDP were (IRR = 1.41 95% CI: 1.22-1.63) and (IRR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.42-2.01) when adjusting for early-life characteristics, and (IRR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.20-1.60) and (IRR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.27-1.80) when adjusting for education, smoking and tooth brushing. When adjusting for dental avoidance behaviour, the association of early unpleasant experience with OIDP became nonsignificant. CONCLUSION Unpleasant dental care experiences during childhood are associated with poor oral health in adulthood, independent of later-life socio-behavioural characteristics including negative dental care seeking. This highlights the importance of tailoring regular contacts with dental healthcare services in childhood to build confidence in children and thus has implications for healthcare policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway
| | - Otto Robert Frans Smith
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gerhard Sulo
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Mental and Physical Health, Centre for Disease Burden, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Yanagi N, Inoue Y, Fujiwara T, Stickley A, Ojima T, Hata A, Kondo K. Adverse childhood experiences and fruit and vegetable intake among older adults in Japan. Eat Behav 2020; 38:101404. [PMID: 32674012 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to negative health behaviors in adulthood, few studies have investigated if the impact continues until late adulthood. We examined the association between ACEs and fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) among older adults in Japan. METHODS Data came from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), 2013 in which 24,271 individuals aged ≥65 years participated. The number of ACEs was calculated (0, 1 and ≥2) while low FVI was defined as consuming fruit and vegetables less than once a day. A sex-stratified multilevel Poisson regression analysis was used to investigate the association between ACEs and low FVI. RESULTS Among men, 35.4% reported at least one ACE while the corresponding figure for women was 30.6%. Compared to those without ACEs, the prevalence ratios for low FVI among those who reported ≥2 ACEs were 1.51 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30-1.75) for women and 1.28 (95% CI = 1.14-1.44) for men after adjusting for age and childhood economic hardship. Although these associations were attenuated after adjusting for socio-demographic and health-related variables, the link between ACEs and low FVI remained statistically significant among women. Of the seven individual forms of ACE, psychological neglect was significantly associated with low FVI (PR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03-1.31) among women in the final model. CONCLUSIONS ACEs are associated with low FVI among older Japanese adults. Our results suggest that the detrimental effect of ACEs on health behavior may stretch across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuyo Yanagi
- Department of Public Health, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Carolina Population Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrew Stickley
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ojima
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Hata
- Department of Public Health, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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Ford K, Brocklehurst P, Hughes K, Sharp CA, Bellis MA. Understanding the association between self-reported poor oral health and exposure to adverse childhood experiences: a retrospective study. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:51. [PMID: 32059720 PMCID: PMC7020341 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adverse childhood experiences, including physical, sexual or emotional abuse, can have detrimental impacts on child and adult health. However, little research has explored the impact that such early life experiences have on oral health. This study examines whether experiencing adverse childhood experiences before the age of 18 years is associated with self-reported poor dental health in later life. Methods Using stratified random probability sampling, a household survey (N = 5307; age range 18–69 years) was conducted in the South of England (Hertfordshire, Luton and Northamptonshire). Data were collected at participants’ homes using face-to-face interviews. Measures included exposure to nine adverse childhood experiences, and two dental outcomes: tooth loss (> 8 teeth lost due to dental caries or damage) and missing or filled teeth (direct or indirect restorations; > 12 missing or filled teeth). Results Strong associations were found between exposure to childhood adversity and poor dental health. The prevalence of tooth loss was significantly higher (8.3%) in those with 4+ adverse childhood experiences compared to those who had experienced none (5.0%; p < 0.05). A similar relationship was found for levels of missing or filled teeth (13.4%, 4+ adverse childhood experiences; 8.1%, none; p < 0.001). Exposure to 4+ adverse childhood experiences was associated with a higher level of tooth loss and restorations at any age, compared to individuals who had not experienced adversity. Demographically adjusted means for tooth loss increased with adverse childhood experience count in all age groups, rising from 1.0% (18–29 years) and 13.0% (60–69 years) in those with none, to 3.0% and 26.0%, respectively in those reporting 4+. Conclusions Exposure to childhood adversity could be an important predictive factor for poor dental health. As oral health is an important part of a child’s overall health status, approaches that seek to improve dental health across the life-course should start with safe and nurturing childhoods free from abuse and neglect. Given the growing role that dental professionals have in identifying violence and abuse, it seems appropriate to raise awareness in the field of dentistry of the potential for individuals to have suffered adverse childhood experiences, and the mechanisms linking childhood adversity to poor dental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kat Ford
- Public Health Collaborating Unit, School of Health Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, Wales.
| | - Paul Brocklehurst
- NWORTH, School of Health Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, Wales
| | - Karen Hughes
- Public Health Collaborating Unit, School of Health Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, Wales.,Policy and International Health Directorate, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Wellbeing, Public Health Wales, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, Wales
| | - Catherine A Sharp
- Public Health Collaborating Unit, School of Health Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, Wales
| | - Mark A Bellis
- Public Health Collaborating Unit, School of Health Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, Wales.,Policy and International Health Directorate, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Wellbeing, Public Health Wales, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, Wales
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26
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Bernabé E, Lie SA, Mastrovito B, Sannevik J, Astrom AN. Childhood negative dental experiences and tooth loss in later life: A 25-year longitudinal study in Sweden. J Dent 2019; 89:103198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.103198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Amemiya A, Fujiwara T, Shirai K, Kondo K, Oksanen T, Pentti J, Vahtera J. Association between adverse childhood experiences and adult diseases in older adults: a comparative cross-sectional study in Japan and Finland. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024609. [PMID: 31446402 PMCID: PMC6720330 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and diseases in older adults in Japan and Finland. DESIGN Cross-sectional comparative study. SETTING Data from a gerontological study in Japan and two public health studies in Finland were evaluated. PARTICIPANTS A total of 13 123 adults (mean age, 69.5 years) from Japan and 10 353 adults (mean age, 64.4 years) from Finland were included in this study. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each of, any of and the cumulative number of ACEs (parental divorce, fear of a family member and poverty in childhood; treated as ordered categorical variables) with poor self-rated health (SRH), cancer, heart disease or stroke, diabetes mellitus, smoking and body mass index. Models were adjusted for sex, age, education, marital status and working status. RESULTS Of the respondents, 50% of those in Japan and 37% of those in Finland reported having experienced at least one of the measured ACEs. Number of ACEs was associated with poor SRH in both countries, and the point estimates were similar (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.46 in Japan; OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.27 to 1.41 in Finland). Number of ACEs was associated with the prevalence of cancer, heart disease or stroke, diabetes mellitus, current smoking and an increase in body mass index in both countries. CONCLUSIONS The association between ACEs and poor SRH, adult diseases and health behaviours was similar among older adults in both Japan and Finland. This international comparative study suggests that the impact of ACEs on health is noteworthy and consistent across cultural and social environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi Amemiya
- Department of Health Economics and Epidemiology Research, University of Tokyo School of Public Health, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Department of Public Health, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tuula Oksanen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Turku, Finland
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Lee H. A life course approach to total tooth loss: Testing the sensitive period, accumulation, and social mobility models in the Health and Retirement Study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2019; 47:333-339. [PMID: 31115080 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Childhood socio-economic status (SES) has long been associated with later-life oral health, suggesting that childhood is a sensitive period for oral health. Far less attention has been given to the long-term impact of childhood trauma, abuse, and smoking on later-life oral health. This study fills the gap in the literature by examining how adverse childhood experiences-social, psychological, and behavioral-shape total tooth loss over the life course, with an assessment of the sensitive period, accumulation, and social mobility models from life course research. METHODS Data are drawn from the 2012 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) merged with multiple HRS data sources to obtain childhood information (N = 6,427; age > 50). Adverse childhood experiences include childhood financial hardship, trauma, abuse, and smoking. Total tooth loss is measured to assess poor oral health in later life. Educational attainment and poverty status (since age 51) are measured as adult adversity. Current health conditions and health behaviors are assessed to reflect the correlates of oral health in later life. RESULTS The sensitive period model indicates that childhood trauma such as parental death or divorce (odds ratio [OR] = 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04, 1.80), physical abuse (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.03, 1.34), and low educational attainment (≤ high school; OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.04, 2.22) are associated with higher odds of total tooth loss in later life. Poverty status was not associated with the outcome. There was a clear graded relationship between accumulation of adverse experiences and oral health, which supports the accumulation model. In the social mobility model, older adults who occupied a stable disadvantageous position were more likely to be toothless (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.08, 2.90) compared to those who did not face adversity in any case. Neither upward nor downward mobility mattered. CONCLUSIONS Failing oral health in older adults, especially total tooth loss, may have its roots in adverse experiences such as childhood trauma, abuse, and low educational attainment. Findings also suggest that oral health in later life may be more influenced by accumulation of adversity rather than changes in social and economic position over the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haena Lee
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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29
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de Macedo Bernardino Í, da Nóbrega LM, da Silva JRC, de Alencar CRB, de Olinda RA, d'Ávila S. Social determinants of health and maxillofacial injuries in children and adolescents victims of violence: A novel GIS-based modelling application. Int J Paediatr Dent 2019; 29:375-383. [PMID: 30582232 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical violence against children and adolescents comprises a serious public health problem and often results in oral and maxillofacial traumas. Social determinants may favour the occurrence of these events, but few studies have critically evaluated the interaction between social and geographical risk factors. AIMS To investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of oral and maxillofacial traumas resulting from violence against children and adolescents through geostatistical techniques. METHODS This study was an ecological analysis of cases of trauma caused by violence against Brazilian children and adolescents using aggregated data from victims attended at a Center of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Dentistry between January 2012 and December 2015. Data were analysed through modelling based on geographic information system (GIS). RESULTS Two distinct patterns of longitudinal trajectory of oral and maxillofacial trauma related to violence against children and adolescents were identified (TP1 and TP2, P < 0.05). The spatial regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association between higher incidence of cases and areas with worse socioeconomic conditions (β = 0.047, SE = 0.020, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Neighbourhoods with considerable socio-spatial vulnerability for violence against children and adolescents and maxillofacial traumas were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sérgio d'Ávila
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
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30
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Amemiya A, Fujiwara T, Murayama H, Tani Y, Kondo K. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Higher-Level Functional Limitations Among Older Japanese People: Results From the JAGES Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:261-266. [PMID: 28525611 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A life-course perspective is essential in understanding the determinants of higher-level functional limitations. We examine the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on higher-level functional limitations in older people. Methods Data were from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study 2013, a population-based cohort of independent people aged 65 years or older across Japan (n = 19,220). ACEs before the age of 18 were assessed in terms of seven adversities: parental death, parental divorce, parental mental illness, family violence, physical abuse, psychological neglect, and psychological abuse. Associations between the cumulative number of ACEs and higher-level functional limitations were investigated by multivariate Poisson regression with robust error variances, adjusted for age, gender, childhood disadvantage, adult sociodemographics, adult health behaviors, and health status. Results Of the older people, 36.3% reported at least one ACE. Older people who had experienced two or more ACEs showed significantly greater higher-level functional limitations than those with no ACE in a crude model (prevalence ratio, PR = 1.61, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.51-1.71). After adjusting the covariates, this association remained (PR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.12-1.27). Conclusions ACEs showed robust independent effects on higher-level functional limitations among older Japanese without disabilities, even after adjusting for potential covariates in childhood and adulthood. The current findings may help in understanding the impact of the latent effects of ACEs on functional limitations in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi Amemiya
- Department of Social Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan
| | | | - Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan.,Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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31
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Adverse childhood experiences, exposure to a natural disaster and posttraumatic stress disorder among survivors of the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2019; 28:45-53. [PMID: 28502272 PMCID: PMC5685946 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796017000233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) modify the impact of exposure to a natural disaster (the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami) on the occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among older people. METHODS Data were collected as part of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), which is an on-going epidemiological survey investigating social determinants of health among older people across Japan. Information on PTSD symptoms based on the Screening Questionnaire for Disaster Mental Health, traumatic exposure to the earthquake (i.e., house damage and loss of relatives/friends during the earthquake/tsunami) and ACEs was obtained from 580 participants aged 65 or older living in Iwanuma City, Miyagi Prefecture, which suffered severe damage as a result of the earthquake and the subsequent tsunami in March 2011. Associations were examined using Poisson regression analysis with a robust variance estimator after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS The prevalence of PTSD was 9.7% in this population; compared to those with no traumatic experience, the prevalence of PTSD was approximately two times higher among those who experienced the loss of close friends/relatives (PR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.11-3.03, p = 0.018), or whose house was damaged (PR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.07-4.34, p = 0.032). ACE was not significantly associated with PTSD. Stratified analyses by the presence of ACE showed that damage due to the earthquake/tsunami was associated with PTSD only among those without ACEs; more specifically, among non-ACE respondents the PR of PTSD associated with house damage was 6.67 (95% CI = 1.66-26.80), while for the loss of a relative or a close friend it was 3.56 (95% CI = 1.18-10.75). In contrast, no statistically significant associations were observed among those with ACEs. CONCLUSION Following the Great East Japan earthquake/tsunami in 2011 a higher risk of developing PTSD symptoms was observed in 2013 especially among older individuals without ACEs. This suggests that ACEs might affect how individuals respond to subsequent traumatic events later in life.
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Akinkugbe AA, Hood KB, Brickhouse TH. Exposure to Adverse Childhood Experiences and Oral Health Measures in Adulthood: Findings from the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. JDR Clin Trans Res 2018; 4:116-125. [PMID: 30931708 DOI: 10.1177/2380084418810218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are negative life events occurring before the age of 18 y. ACEs are risk factors for heart disease and diabetes in adult life. Furthermore, individuals who experience ACEs are more likely to smoke and become obese-factors associated with poor oral health. OBJECTIVE This study investigated likely associations between ACEs and the oral health measures of the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). METHODS Data from 16,354 participants of the 2010 BRFSS were analyzed with SAS 9.4. ACE scores were calculated in 2 domains: abuse (emotional, physical, or sexual) and household challenges (parental separation or divorce, intimate partner violence, household substance abuse, household mental illness, and incarceration). ACE scores, ranging from 0 to 8, were categorized into 0, 1, 2, 3, and ≥4. The 2010 BRFSS oral health measures included >1 y since last dental visit, ≥6 teeth extracted, and ≥2 y since last dental cleaning. Survey logistic regression estimated prevalence odds ratios and 95% CIs, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and educational attainment. RESULTS The weighted mean ACE score was 1.74 (95% CI = 1.68 to 1.81), and the weighted and age-standardized percentages of study participants with ACE scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 were 33.1%, 24.3%, 14.9%, 9.69%, and 18.1%, respectively. There appeared to be a dose-response association between categories of ACE scores and the oral health measures. Specifically, when compared with participants with an ACE score of 0, participants with ACE scores of 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 had adjusted prevalence odds ratios (95% CIs) of 1.10 (0.82 to 1.47), 1.20 (0.90 to 1.60), 1.35 (0.98 to 1.85), and 1.72 (1.31 to 2.26), respectively, for reporting ≥2 y since last dental cleaning. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that ACEs may be associated with poor oral health measures in adulthood, even after adjusting for important oral diseases risk factors. Longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to delineate pathways by which this relationship occurs. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Our findings indicate that exposure to childhood trauma may have negative impacts on oral health in adulthood. Oral health practitioners need to be aware of the potential impacts of childhood trauma on health behaviors that ultimately affect oral health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Akinkugbe
- 1 Oral Health Services Research Core, Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,2 Institute for Inquiry, Innovation and Inclusion, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - K B Hood
- 2 Institute for Inquiry, Innovation and Inclusion, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,3 Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - T H Brickhouse
- 1 Oral Health Services Research Core, Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.,2 Institute for Inquiry, Innovation and Inclusion, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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de Macedo Bernardino Í, da Nóbrega LM, da Silva JRC, de Medeiros CLSG, de Olinda RA, d'Ávila S. Spatial distribution of maxillofacial injuries caused by urban violence: An ecological analysis to identify high-risk areas. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2018; 47:85-91. [PMID: 30318849 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the spatial and spatial-temporal distribution of oral and maxillofacial injuries caused by urban violence, as well as to identify underlying disparities at regional level through a geostatistical approach. METHODS This was a historical ecological cohort study of trauma cases caused by urban violence using aggregate data from victims assisted in a Brazilian medical-forensic service between January 2012 and December 2015. The longitudinal patterns of change observed in each geographic area (neighbourhoods) were evaluated using the finite mixture model (FMM). The spatial autocorrelation of events was investigated using the Getis-Ord Indicator (Gi*) to identify significant hot and cold spatial clusters. With a spatial regression model, it was also found when socioeconomic variables, residential infrastructure and neighbourhood infrastructure were associated with high incidence rates. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The finite mixture model revealed three different patterns of longitudinal trajectory of the incidence of oral and maxillofacial trauma caused by urban violence (TP1 to TP3, P < 0.05). TP1 was characterized by an incidence that remained stable and high over time, comprising 17.4% of the city's neighbourhoods. In TP2, it was observed that the incidence was moderate, with a slightly increasing trend in the last year evaluated, representing around 41.8% of the sample. In contrast, in TP3, it was found that the incidence was relatively low and remained stable over time, accounting for about 40.8% of the sample. The Getis-Ord (Gi*) statistic identified significant high-risk clusters in the western (P < 0.05), southern (P < 0.05), and eastern regions (P < 0.05) and low risk in the northern region (P < 0.05). The spatial regression model indicated significant association between areas with unfavourable socioeconomic conditions and higher incidence of events (β = 0.178, SE = 0.046, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Clusters demarcating areas with high socio-spatial vulnerability for urban violence and oral and maxillofacial injuries were identified. The findings highlight the need to improve living conditions in segregated urban areas and develop intersectoral actions to improve living conditions, employment, public safety, social support, health care and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sérgio d'Ávila
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
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34
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Crouch E, Radcliff E, Nelson J, Strompolis M, Martin A. The experience of adverse childhood experiences and dental care in childhood. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2018; 46:442-448. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Crouch
- Department of Health Services Policy and Management; South Carolina Rural Health Research Center; Arnold School of Public Health; University of South Carolina; Columbia SC USA
| | - Elizabeth Radcliff
- Department of Health Services Policy and Management; South Carolina Rural Health Research Center; Arnold School of Public Health; University of South Carolina; Columbia SC USA
| | - Joni Nelson
- Department of Stomatology; Division of Population Oral Health; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC USA
| | | | - Amy Martin
- Department of Stomatology; Division of Population Oral Health; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston SC USA
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35
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Zaitsu M, Kawachi I, Ashida T, Kondo K, Kondo N. Participation in Community Group Activities Among Older Adults: Is Diversity of Group Membership Associated With Better Self-rated Health? J Epidemiol 2018; 28:452-457. [PMID: 29709889 PMCID: PMC6192976 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20170152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Participation in community activities (eg, sports and hobby groups or volunteer organizations) is believed to be associated with better health status in the older population. We sought to (1) determine whether a greater diversity of group membership is associated with better self-rated health and (2) identify the key dimension of the membership diversity (eg, gender, residential area, or age). Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 129,740 participants aged 65 years and older who were enrolled in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study in 2013. We assessed the diversity of group membership using (1) a continuous variable (range 0–4) accounting for the total degree of each diversity dimension or (2) dummy variables for each dimension. We estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for better self-rated health according to the diversity of group membership, using Poisson regression and robust variance with multiple imputation, adjusted for other covariates. Results The participants involved in social groups with greater diversity had better self-rated health: the PR per one point unit increase in diversity was 1.03 (95% CI, 1.02–1.04). Participation in gender-diverse groups was associated with the best profile of health (PR 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04–1.09). Conclusions Among the older population in Japan, higher group diversity is associated with better self-rated health. Gender is the key dimension of diversity that is associated with better self-rated health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Zaitsu
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Toyo Ashida
- Graduate School of Economics, The University of Tokyo
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University.,Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Health and Social Behavior/Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo
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36
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Dos Santos Gomes C, Pirkle CM, Zunzunegui MV, Taurino Guedes D, Fernandes De Souza Barbosa J, Hwang P, Oliveira Guerra R. Frailty and life course violence: The international mobility in aging study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 76:26-33. [PMID: 29454241 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of frailty in older adults in the IMIAS population, to examine associations between lifelong domestic violence and frailty and possible pathways to explain these associations. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 2002 men and women in the International Mobility in Aging Study, aged between 65 and 74 years old living in five cities of Tirana (Albania), Natal (Brazil), Kingston and Saint-Hyacinthe (Canada), and Manizales (Colombia). Domestic physical and psychological violence by family and intimate partner was assessed by the Hurt, Insult, Threaten and Scream (HITS) scale. Fried's phenotype was adopted to define frailty. Logistic regressions were fitted to estimate between frailty and lifelong violence. Mediation analyses using the Preacher and Hayes method was used to examine potential health pathways. RESULTS Frailty prevalence varies across cities, being lowest in Saint-Hyacinthe and Kingston, and highest in women in Natal. Women had a higher prevalence in Tirana and Natal. Adjusting for age, sex, education and research city, those reporting childhood physical abuse (CPA) had higher odds of frailty (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.01; 2.78); those who had been exposed to psychological violence by their intimate partner had also higher odds of frailty (OR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.37; 3.12). CPA effect on frailty was totally mediated by chronic conditions and depression symptoms. Effects of psychological violence by intimate partner were partially mediated by chronic conditions and depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Childhood physical abuse and psychological violence during adulthood leave marks on life trajectory, being conducive to adverse health outcomes and frailty in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Dos Santos Gomes
- Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59064-741, Brazil.
| | - Catherine McLean Pirkle
- Office of Public Health Studies, University of Hawaii, 2500 Campus Rd., Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Maria Vitoria Zunzunegui
- Department of Social Medicine, Montreal University, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Dimitri Taurino Guedes
- Department of Physioterapy, Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairí, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, R. Teodorico Bezerra, 2-122, Santa Cruz, RN, 59200-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Fernandes De Souza Barbosa
- Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59064-741, Brazil
| | - Phoebe Hwang
- Department of Social Medicine, Montreal University, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
- Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, 59064-741, Brazil
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