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Wang J, He M, Yang M, Ai X. Gut microbiota as a key regulator of intestinal mucosal immunity. Life Sci 2024; 345:122612. [PMID: 38588949 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is a complex microbial community with the ability of maintaining intestinal health. Intestinal homeostasis largely depends on the mucosal immune system to defense external pathogens and promote tissue repair. In recent years, growing evidence revealed the importance of gut microbiota in shaping intestinal mucosal immunity. Therefore, according to the existing findings, this review first provided an overview of intestinal mucosal immune system before summarizing the regulatory roles of gut microbiota in intestinal innate and adaptive immunity. Specifically, this review delved into the gut microbial interactions with the cells such as intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in innate immunity, and T and B lymphocytes in adaptive immunity. Furthermore, this review discussed the main effects of gut microbiota dysbiosis in intestinal diseases and offered future research prospects. The review highlighted the key regulatory roles of gut microbiota in intestinal mucosal immunity via various host-microbe interactions, providing valuable references for the development of microbial therapy in intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China; Department of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Mei He
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China; Department of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China; Department of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Ai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China; Department of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China.
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2
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Fernandez Sanchez J, Maknojia AA, King KY. Blood and guts: how the intestinal microbiome shapes hematopoiesis and treatment of hematologic disease. Blood 2024; 143:1689-1701. [PMID: 38364184 PMCID: PMC11103099 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Over the past 10 years, there has been a marked increase in recognition of the interplay between the intestinal microbiome and the hematopoietic system. Despite their apparent distance in the body, a large literature now supports the relevance of the normal intestinal microbiota to steady-state blood production, affecting both hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells as well as differentiated immune cells. Microbial metabolites enter the circulation where they can trigger cytokine signaling that influences hematopoiesis. Furthermore, the state of the microbiome is now recognized to affect outcomes from hematopoietic stem cell transplant, immunotherapy, and cellular therapies for hematologic malignancies. Here we review the mechanisms by which microbiotas influence hematopoiesis in development and adulthood as well as the avenues by which microbiotas are thought to impact stem cell transplant engraftment, graft-versus-host disease, and efficacy of cell and immunotherapies. We highlight areas of future research that may lead to reduced adverse effects of antibiotic use and improved outcomes for patients with hematologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josaura Fernandez Sanchez
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Arushana A. Maknojia
- Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Katherine Y. King
- Program in Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, and Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
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3
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Yao Y, Yu J, Wei H, Wang Y, Zhou H, Zhang A, Yang K, Wang X. Characterization and in vitro antibacterial activity of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) serum amyloid A. Gene 2024; 898:148108. [PMID: 38141691 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) predominantly synthesized by hepatocytes is a classical acute phase protein and has been extensively studied in mammals. However, the studies on the structure and properties of fish SAA are limited although SAA genes have been cloned and identified from various fishes. In the present study, a cDNA of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) SAA (gcSAA) was cloned and characterized, displaying a high homology with its counterparts in vertebrates. gcSAA mRNA was expressed with highest abundance in the liver and its levels were increased by a 24-hour infection of Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) for more than 5 folds in the intestine, 15 folds in the spleen, 75 folds in the head kidney and 100 folds in the liver, implying that it is an acute phase protein in grass carp. Subsequently, recombinant gcSAA protein (rgcSAA) was prepared from a prokaryotic expression system after codon optimization of its coding sequence. The direct antibacterial activity assay and the plate count assay disclosed that gcSAA inhibited the growth and survival of A. hydrophila but not Edwardsiella piscicida (E. piscicida) which both are common bacterial pathogens in aquaculture. The propidium iodide (PI) uptake assay confirmed the bactericidal property of gcSAA, showing that it is able to enhance the uptake of PI in A. hydrophila but not E. piscicida. These findings revealed the molecular features of gcSAA and its roles in host defense against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Yao
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhi Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - He Wei
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Anying Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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4
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De Marco G, Cappello T, Maisano M. Histomorphological Changes in Fish Gut in Response to Prebiotics and Probiotics Treatment to Improve Their Health Status: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2860. [PMID: 37760260 PMCID: PMC10525268 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) promotes the digestion and absorption of feeds, in addition to the excretion of waste products of digestion. In fish, the GIT is divided into four regions, the headgut, foregut, midgut, and hindgut, to which glands and lymphoid tissues are associated to release digestive enzymes and molecules involved in the immune response and control of host-pathogens. The GIT is inhabited by different species of resident microorganisms, the microbiota, which have co-evolved with the host in a symbiotic relationship and are responsible for metabolic benefits and counteracting pathogen infection. There is a strict connection between a fish's gut microbiota and its health status. This review focuses on the modulation of fish microbiota by feed additives based on prebiotics and probiotics as a feasible strategy to improve fish health status and gut efficiency, mitigate emerging diseases, and maximize rearing and growth performance. Furthermore, the use of histological assays as a valid tool for fish welfare assessment is also discussed, and insights on nutrient absorptive capacity and responsiveness to pathogens in fish by gut morphological endpoints are provided. Overall, the literature reviewed emphasizes the complex interactions between microorganisms and host fish, shedding light on the beneficial use of prebiotics and probiotics in the aquaculture sector, with the potential to provide directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.D.M.); (M.M.)
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5
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Costa-Fujishima M, Yazdanpanah A, Horne S, Lamont A, Lopez P, Farr Zuend C, Birse K, Taverner M, Greenslade R, Abou M, Noel-Romas L, Abrenica B, Ajibola O, Ikeogu N, Su RC, McKinnon LR, Pymar H, Poliquin V, Berard AR, Burgener AD, Murooka TT. Nonoptimal bacteria species induce neutrophil-driven inflammation and barrier disruption in the female genital tract. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:341-356. [PMID: 37121385 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil recruitment and activation within the female genital tract are often associated with tissue inflammation, loss of vaginal epithelial barrier integrity, and increased risk for sexually transmitted infections, such as HIV-1. However, the direct role of neutrophils on vaginal epithelial barrier function during genital inflammation in vivo remains unclear. Using complementary proteome and immunological analyses, we show high neutrophil influx into the lower female genital tract in response to physiological surges in progesterone, stimulating distinct stromal, immunological, and metabolic signaling pathways. However, despite the release of extracellular matrix-modifying proteases and inflammatory mediators, neutrophils contributed little to physiological mucosal remodeling events such as epithelial shedding or re-epithelialization during transition from diestrus to estrus phase. In contrast, the presence of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria resulted in a rapid and sustained neutrophil recruitment, resulting in vaginal epithelial barrier leakage and decreased cell-cell junction protein expression in vivo. Thus, neutrophils are important mucosal sentinels that rapidly respond to various biological cues within the female genital tract, dictating the magnitude and duration of the ensuing inflammatory response at steady state and during disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Costa-Fujishima
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Atta Yazdanpanah
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Samantha Horne
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA; University of Manitoba, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Alana Lamont
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Winnipeg, Canada; National HIV and Retrovirology Labs, JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research Centre, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Paul Lopez
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Christina Farr Zuend
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Kenzie Birse
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA; University of Manitoba, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Morgan Taverner
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Riley Greenslade
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Max Abou
- National HIV and Retrovirology Labs, JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research Centre, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Laura Noel-Romas
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA; University of Manitoba, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Bernard Abrenica
- National HIV and Retrovirology Labs, JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research Centre, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Oluwaseun Ajibola
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Nnamdi Ikeogu
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Ruey-Chyi Su
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Winnipeg, Canada; National HIV and Retrovirology Labs, JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research Centre, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Lyle R McKinnon
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Winnipeg, Canada; Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Helen Pymar
- University of Manitoba, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Vanessa Poliquin
- University of Manitoba, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Alicia R Berard
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA; University of Manitoba, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Adam D Burgener
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA; University of Manitoba, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Winnipeg, Canada; Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas T Murooka
- University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Immunology, Winnipeg, Canada; University of Manitoba, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Zucoloto AZ, Schlechte J, Ignacio A, Thomson CA, Pyke S, Yu IL, Geuking MB, McCoy KD, Yipp BG, Gillrie MR, McDonald B. Vascular traffic control of neutrophil recruitment to the liver by microbiota-endothelium crosstalk. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112507. [PMID: 37195866 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
During bloodstream infections, neutrophils home to the liver as part of an intravascular immune response to eradicate blood-borne pathogens, but the mechanisms regulating this crucial response are unknown. Using in vivo imaging of neutrophil trafficking in germ-free and gnotobiotic mice, we demonstrate that the intestinal microbiota guides neutrophil homing to the liver in response to infection mediated by the microbial metabolite D-lactate. Commensal-derived D-lactate augments neutrophil adhesion in the liver independent of granulopoiesis in bone marrow or neutrophil maturation and activation in blood. Instead, gut-to-liver D-lactate signaling primes liver endothelial cells to upregulate adhesion molecule expression in response to infection and promote neutrophil adherence. Targeted correction of microbiota D-lactate production in a model of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis restores neutrophil homing to the liver and reduces bacteremia in a model of Staphylococcus aureus infection. These findings reveal long-distance traffic control of neutrophil recruitment to the liver by microbiota-endothelium crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Z Zucoloto
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jared Schlechte
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aline Ignacio
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Carolyn A Thomson
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shannon Pyke
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ian-Ling Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Markus B Geuking
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bryan G Yipp
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mark R Gillrie
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Braedon McDonald
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Massaquoi MS, Kong GL, Chilin-Fuentes D, Ngo JS, Horve PF, Melancon E, Hamilton MK, Eisen JS, Guillemin K. Cell-type-specific responses to the microbiota across all tissues of the larval zebrafish. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112095. [PMID: 36787219 PMCID: PMC10423310 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal development proceeds in the presence of intimate microbial associations, but the extent to which different host cells across the body respond to resident microbes remains to be fully explored. Using the vertebrate model organism, the larval zebrafish, we assessed transcriptional responses to the microbiota across the entire body at single-cell resolution. We find that cell types across the body, not limited to tissues at host-microbe interfaces, respond to the microbiota. Responses are cell-type-specific, but across many tissues the microbiota enhances cell proliferation, increases metabolism, and stimulates a diversity of cellular activities, revealing roles for the microbiota in promoting developmental plasticity. This work provides a resource for exploring transcriptional responses to the microbiota across all cell types of the vertebrate body and generating new hypotheses about the interactions between vertebrate hosts and their microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Massaquoi
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Thermo Fisher Scientific, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, USA; Thermo Fisher Scientific, 22025 20th Avenue SE, Bothell, WA 98021, USA
| | - Garth L Kong
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Daisy Chilin-Fuentes
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Julia S Ngo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Patrick F Horve
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Ellie Melancon
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - M Kristina Hamilton
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Thermo Fisher Scientific, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, USA
| | - Judith S Eisen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1318 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Humans and the Microbiome Program, CIFAR, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada.
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Chen Y, Lin J, Xiao L, Zhang X, Zhao L, Wang M, Li L. Gut microbiota in systemic lupus erythematosus: A fuse and a solution. J Autoimmun 2022; 132:102867. [PMID: 35932662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gut commensals help shape and mold host immune system and deeply influence human health. The disease spectrum of mankind that gut microbiome may associate with is ever-growing, but the mechanisms are still enigmas. Characterized by loss of self-tolerance and sustained self-attack, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is labeled with chronic inflammation, production of autoantibodies and multisystem injury, which so far are mostly incurable. Gut microbiota and their metabolites, now known as important environmental triggers of local/systemic immune responses, have been proposed to be involved in SLE development and progression probably through the following mechanisms: translocation beyond their niches; molecular mimicry to cross-activate immune response targeting self-antigens; epitope spreading to expand autoantibodies spectrum; and bystander activation to promote systemic inflammation. Gut microbiota which varies between individuals may also influence the metabolism and bio-transformation of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, thus associated with the efficacy and toxicity of these drugs, adding another explanation for heterogenic therapeutic responses. Modulation of gut microbiota via diet, probiotics/prebiotics, antibiotics/phages, fecal microbiota transplantation, or helminth to restore immune tolerance and homeostasis is expected to be a promising neoadjuvant therapy for SLE. We reviewed the advances in this territory and discussed the application prospect of modulating gut microbiota in controlling SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Lanlan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, NO.1 Da Hua Road, Dong Dan, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lidan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, NO.1 Da Hua Road, Dong Dan, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China; Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China.
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9
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Onisiforou A, Spyrou GM. Immunomodulatory effects of microbiota-derived metabolites at the crossroad of neurodegenerative diseases and viral infection: network-based bioinformatics insights. Front Immunol 2022; 13:843128. [PMID: 35928817 PMCID: PMC9344014 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.843128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional cross-talk between commensal microbiota and the immune system is essential for the regulation of immune responses and the formation of immunological memory. Perturbations of microbiome-immune system interactions can lead to dysregulated immune responses against invading pathogens and/or to the loss of self-tolerance, leading to systemic inflammation and genesis of several immune-mediated pathologies, including neurodegeneration. In this paper, we first investigated the contribution of the immunomodulatory effects of microbiota (bacteria and fungi) in shaping immune responses and influencing the formation of immunological memory cells using a network-based bioinformatics approach. In addition, we investigated the possible role of microbiota-host-immune system interactions and of microbiota-virus interactions in a group of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs): Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our analysis highlighted various aspects of the innate and adaptive immune response systems that can be modulated by microbiota, including the activation and maturation of microglia which are implicated in the development of NDs. It also led to the identification of specific microbiota components which might be able to influence immune system processes (ISPs) involved in the pathogenesis of NDs. In addition, it indicated that the impact of microbiota-derived metabolites in influencing disease-associated ISPs, is higher in MS disease, than in AD, PD and ALS suggesting a more important role of microbiota mediated-immune effects in MS.
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Levraud JP, Rawls JF, Clatworthy AE. Using zebrafish to understand reciprocal interactions between the nervous and immune systems and the microbial world. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:170. [PMID: 35765004 PMCID: PMC9238045 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals rely heavily on their nervous and immune systems to perceive and survive within their environment. Despite the traditional view of the brain as an immunologically privileged organ, these two systems interact with major consequences. Furthermore, microorganisms within their environment are major sources of stimuli and can establish relationships with animal hosts that range from pathogenic to mutualistic. Research from a variety of human and experimental animal systems are revealing that reciprocal interactions between microbiota and the nervous and immune systems contribute significantly to normal development, homeostasis, and disease. The zebrafish has emerged as an outstanding model within which to interrogate these interactions due to facile genetic and microbial manipulation and optical transparency facilitating in vivo imaging. This review summarizes recent studies that have used the zebrafish for analysis of bidirectional control between the immune and nervous systems, the nervous system and the microbiota, and the microbiota and immune system in zebrafish during development that promotes homeostasis between these systems. We also describe how the zebrafish have contributed to our understanding of the interconnections between these systems during infection in fish and how perturbations may result in pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Levraud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-Cité, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, 91400, Saclay, France.
| | - John F. Rawls
- grid.26009.3d0000 0004 1936 7961Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, 213 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Anne E. Clatworthy
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114 USA
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11
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Long-distance relationships - regulation of systemic host defense against infections by the gut microbiota. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:809-818. [PMID: 35732817 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00539-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite compartmentalization within the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract, the gut microbiota has a far-reaching influence on immune cell development and function throughout the body. This long-distance relationship is crucial for immune homeostasis, including effective host defense against invading pathogens that cause systemic infections. Herein, we review new insights into how commensal microbes that are spatially restricted to the gut lumen can engage in long-distance relationships with innate and adaptive immune cells at systemic sites to fortify host defenses against infections. In addition, we explore the consequences of intestinal dysbiosis on impaired host defense and immune-mediated pathology during infections, including emerging evidence linking dysbiosis with aberrant systemic inflammation and immune-mediated organ damage in sepsis. As such, therapeutic modification of the gut microbiota is an emerging target for interventions to prevent and/or treat systemic infections and sepsis by harnessing the long-distance relationships between gut microbes and systemic immunity.
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12
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Zhong X, Li J, Lu F, Zhang J, Guo L. Application of zebrafish in the study of the gut microbiome. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:323-336. [PMID: 35415967 PMCID: PMC9434591 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have attracted much attention over the past decade as a reliable model for gut microbiome research. Owing to their low cost, strong genetic and development coherence, efficient preparation of germ-free (GF) larvae, availability in high-throughput chemical screening, and fitness for intravital imaging in vivo, zebrafish have been extensively used to investigate microbiome-host interactions and evaluate the toxicity of environmental pollutants. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of zebrafish for studying the role of the gut microbiome compared with warm-blooded animal models are first summarized. Then, the roles of zebrafish gut microbiome on host development, metabolic pathways, gut-brain axis, and immune disorders and responses are addressed. Furthermore, their applications for the toxicological assessment of aquatic environmental pollutants and exploration of the molecular mechanism of pathogen infections are reviewed. We highlight the great potential of the zebrafish model for developing probiotics for xenobiotic detoxification, resistance against bacterial infection, and disease prevention and cure. Overall, the zebrafish model promises a brighter future for gut microbiome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinglin Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Furong Lu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lianxian Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Dongguan Innovation Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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13
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Wang J, Yang Y, Zhang A, Zeng L, Xiao S, Ma H, Li J, Mao F, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Zhang J, Xiang Z. Serum amyloid protein (SAA) as a healthy marker for immune function in Tridacna crocea. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:495-500. [PMID: 35202805 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Serum amyloid protein (SAA) is known as an acute reactive protein of innate immunity in mammals. However, in invertebrates, the role of SAA in innate immunity is still unclear. In this study, a full-length cDNA of the SAA gene (named TcSAA) was cloned from Tridacna crocea, mollusca. The gene includes a 193 bp 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 129 bp 3' UTR sequence, and the open reading frame (ORF) with 393 bp nucleotides encodes a polypeptide of 130 amino acids. TcSAA contains a typical signal peptide and an SAA functional domain. The mRNA expression of TcSAA was detected in all 12 selected tissues and 7 different developmental stages. Furthermore, the expression of TcSAA was increased quickly in hemocytes after challenge with V. coralliilyticus or LPS. Furthermore, rTcSAA could bind V. coralliilyticus and V. alginolyticus, and the protein could reduce the lethality rate of the clams from 80% to 55% which caused by V. coralliilyticus about 48 h after injection. In summary, these results indicate that TcSAA may act as a marker for monitoring health and protecting T. crocea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yucheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Aijiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Fan Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yuehuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Ziniu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
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14
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Embryonic cuticle from artemia cyst shell displays amyloid-like characteristics and nontoxicity after oral consumption. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Liao X, Lan Y, Shao R, Liu J, Liang S, Yin Z, Gudmundsson GH, Bergman P, Wan M. Vitamin D Enhances Neutrophil Generation and Function in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). J Innate Immun 2021; 14:229-242. [PMID: 34564076 DOI: 10.1159/000519183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) is a major regulator of calcium metabolism in many living organisms. In addition, VD plays a key role in regulating innate and adaptive immunity in vertebrates. Neutrophils constitute an important part of the first line of defense against invading microbes; however, the potential effect of VD on neutrophils remains elusive. Thus, in this study zebrafish in different developmental stages were utilized to identify the potential role of VD in the basal homeostasis and functions of neutrophils. Our results showed that addition of exogenous VD3 promoted granulopoiesis in zebrafish larvae. Reciprocally, neutrophil abundance in the intestine of adult zebrafish with a cyp2r1 mutant, lacking the capacity to 25-hydroxylate VD, was reduced. Moreover, VD-mediated granulopoiesis was still observed in gnotobiotic zebrafish larvae, indicating that VD regulates neutrophil generation independent of the microbiota during early development. In contrast, VD was incapable to influence granulopoiesis in adult zebrafish when the commensal bacteria were depleted by antibiotic treatment, suggesting that VD might modulate neutrophil activity via different mechanisms depending on the developmental stage. In addition, we found that VD3 augmented the expression of il-8 and neutrophil recruitment to the site of caudal fin amputation. Finally, VD3 treatment significantly decreased bacterial counts and mortality in zebrafish infected with Edwardsiella tarda (E. tarda) in a neutrophil-dependent manner. Combined, these findings demonstrate that VD regulates granulopoiesis and neutrophil function in zebrafish immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yawen Lan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Rui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shufei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Peter Bergman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,The Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Disease Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Min Wan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Pilot National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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16
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Silva NV, Carregosa D, Gonçalves C, Vieira OV, Nunes Dos Santos C, Jacinto A, Crespo CL. A Dietary Cholesterol-Based Intestinal Inflammation Assay for Improving Drug-Discovery on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:674749. [PMID: 34150769 PMCID: PMC8209420 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.674749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with chronic infiltration of immune cells in the gastrointestinal tract are common and largely incurable. The therapeutic targeting of IBD has been hampered by the complex causality of the disease, with environmental insults like cholesterol-enriched Western diets playing a critical role. To address this drug development challenge, we report an easy-to-handle dietary cholesterol-based in vivo assay that allows the screening of immune-modulatory therapeutics in transgenic zebrafish models. An improvement in the feeding strategy with high cholesterol diet (HCD) selectively induces a robust and consistent infiltration of myeloid cells in larvae intestines that is highly suitable for compound discovery efforts. Using transgenics with fluorescent reporter expression in neutrophils, we take advantage of the unique zebrafish larvae clarity to monitor an acute inflammatory response in a whole organism context with a fully functional innate immune system. The use of semi-automated image acquisition and processing combined with quantitative image analysis allows categorizing anti- or pro-inflammatory compounds based on a leukocytic inflammation index. Our HCD gut inflammation (HCD-GI) assay is simple, cost- and time-effective as well as highly physiological which makes it unique when compared to chemical-based zebrafish models of IBD. Besides, diet is a highly controlled, selective and targeted trigger of intestinal inflammation that avoids extra-intestinal outcomes and reduces the chances of chemical-induced toxicity during screenings. We show the validity of this assay for a screening platform by testing two dietary phenolic acids, namely gallic acid (GA; 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) and ferulic acid (FA; 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid), with well described anti-inflammatory actions in animal models of IBD. Analysis of common IBD therapeutics (Prednisolone and Mesalamine) proved the fidelity of our IBD-like intestinal inflammation model. In conclusion, the HCD-GI assay can facilitate and accelerate drug discovery efforts on IBD, by identification of novel lead molecules with immune modulatory action on intestinal neutrophilic inflammation. This will serve as a jumping-off point for more profound analyses of drug mechanisms and pathways involved in early IBD immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno-Valério Silva
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo Carregosa
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Catarina Gonçalves
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Otília V Vieira
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Nunes Dos Santos
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - António Jacinto
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carolina Lage Crespo
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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17
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Xie Y, Meijer AH, Schaaf MJM. Modeling Inflammation in Zebrafish for the Development of Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:620984. [PMID: 33520995 PMCID: PMC7843790 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.620984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the inflammatory response in humans can lead to various inflammatory diseases, like asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. The innate branch of the immune system, including macrophage and neutrophil functions, plays a critical role in all inflammatory diseases. This part of the immune system is well-conserved between humans and the zebrafish, which has emerged as a powerful animal model for inflammation, because it offers the possibility to image and study inflammatory responses in vivo at the early life stages. This review focuses on different inflammation models established in zebrafish, and how they are being used for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs. The most commonly used model is the tail fin amputation model, in which part of the tail fin of a zebrafish larva is clipped. This model has been used to study fundamental aspects of the inflammatory response, like the role of specific signaling pathways, the migration of leukocytes, and the interaction between different immune cells, and has also been used to screen libraries of natural compounds, approved drugs, and well-characterized pathway inhibitors. In other models the inflammation is induced by chemical treatment, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and copper, and some chemical-induced models, such as treatment with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), specifically model inflammation in the gastro-intestinal tract. Two mutant zebrafish lines, carrying a mutation in the hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor 1a gene (hai1a) and the cdp-diacylglycerolinositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase (cdipt) gene, show an inflammatory phenotype, and they provide interesting model systems for studying inflammation. These zebrafish inflammation models are often used to study the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids, to increase our understanding of the mechanism of action of this class of drugs and to develop novel glucocorticoid drugs. In this review, an overview is provided of the available inflammation models in zebrafish, and how they are used to unravel molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response and to screen for novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Xie
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
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18
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Picchietti S, Miccoli A, Fausto AM. Gut immunity in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): a review. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 108:94-108. [PMID: 33285171 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize and discuss the trends and supporting findings in scientific literature on the gut mucosa immune role in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Overall, the purpose is to provide an updated overview of the gastrointestinal tract functional regionalization and defence barriers. A description of the available information regarding immune cells found in two immunologically-relevant intestinal compartments, namely epithelium and lamina propria, is provided. Attention has been also paid to mucosal immunoglobulins and to the latest research investigating gut microbiota and dietary manipulation impacts. Finally, we review oral vaccination strategies, as a safe method for sea bass vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Picchietti
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - A Miccoli
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - A M Fausto
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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19
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Rea V, Van Raay TJ. Using Zebrafish to Model Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparison of ASD Risk Genes Between Zebrafish and Their Mammalian Counterparts. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:575575. [PMID: 33262688 PMCID: PMC7686559 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.575575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a highly variable and complex set of neurological disorders that alter neurodevelopment and cognitive function, which usually presents with social and learning impairments accompanied with other comorbid symptoms like hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity, or repetitive behaviors. Autism can be caused by genetic and/or environmental factors and unraveling the etiology of ASD has proven challenging, especially given that different genetic mutations can cause both similar and different phenotypes that all fall within the autism spectrum. Furthermore, the list of ASD risk genes is ever increasing making it difficult to synthesize a common theme. The use of rodent models to enhance ASD research is invaluable and is beginning to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms of this disease. Recently, zebrafish have been recognized as a useful model of neurodevelopmental disorders with regards to genetics, pharmacology and behavior and one of the main foundations supporting autism research (SFARI) recently identified 12 ASD risk genes with validated zebrafish mutant models. Here, we describe what is known about those 12 ASD risk genes in human, mice and zebrafish to better facilitate this research. We also describe several non-genetic models including pharmacological and gnotobiotic models that are used in zebrafish to study ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terence J. Van Raay
- Dept of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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20
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Gerardo NM, Hoang KL, Stoy KS. Evolution of animal immunity in the light of beneficial symbioses. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190601. [PMID: 32772666 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune system processes serve as the backbone of animal defences against pathogens and thus have evolved under strong selection and coevolutionary dynamics. Most microorganisms that animals encounter, however, are not harmful, and many are actually beneficial. Selection should act on hosts to maintain these associations while preventing exploitation of within-host resources. Here, we consider how several key aspects of beneficial symbiotic associations may shape host immune system evolution. When host immunity is used to regulate symbiont populations, there should be selection to evolve and maintain targeted immune responses that recognize symbionts and suppress but not eliminate symbiont populations. Associating with protective symbionts could relax selection on the maintenance of redundant host-derived immune responses. Alternatively, symbionts could facilitate the evolution of host immune responses if symbiont-conferred protection allows for persistence of host populations that can then adapt. The trajectory of immune system evolution will likely differ based on the type of immunity involved, the symbiont transmission mode and the costs and benefits of immune system function. Overall, the expected influence of beneficial symbiosis on immunity evolution depends on how the host immune system interacts with symbionts, with some interactions leading to constraints while others possibly relax selection on immune system maintenance. This article is part of the theme issue 'The role of the microbiome in host evolution'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Gerardo
- Department of Biology, Emory University, O. Wayne Rollins Research Center, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kim L Hoang
- Department of Biology, Emory University, O. Wayne Rollins Research Center, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kayla S Stoy
- Department of Biology, Emory University, O. Wayne Rollins Research Center, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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21
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Siriyappagouder P, Galindo-Villegas J, Dhanasiri AKS, Zhang Q, Mulero V, Kiron V, Fernandes JMO. Pseudozyma Priming Influences Expression of Genes Involved in Metabolic Pathways and Immunity in Zebrafish Larvae. Front Immunol 2020; 11:978. [PMID: 32528473 PMCID: PMC7256946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi, particularly yeasts, are known essential components of the host microbiota but their functional relevance in development of immunity and physiological processes of fish remains to be elucidated. In this study, we used a transcriptomic approach and a germ-free (GF) fish model to determine the response of newly hatched zebrafish larvae after 24 h exposure to Pseudozyma sp. when compared to conventionally-raised (CR) larvae. We observed 59 differentially expressed genes in Pseudozyma-exposed GF zebrafish larvae compared to their naïve control siblings. Surprisingly, in CR larvae, there was not a clear transcriptome difference between Pseudozyma-exposed and control larvae. Differentially expressed genes in GF larvae were involved in host metabolic pathways, mainly peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, steroid hormone biosynthesis, drug metabolism and bile acid biosynthesis. We also observed a significant change in the transcript levels of immune-related genes, namely complement component 3a, galectin 2b, ubiquitin specific peptidase 21, and aquaporins. Nevertheless, we did not observe any significant response at the cellular level, since there were no differences between neutrophil migration or proliferation between control and yeast-exposed GF larvae. Our findings reveal that exposure to Pseudozyma sp. may affect metabolic pathways and immune-related processes in germ-free zebrafish, suggesting that commensal yeast likely play a significant part in the early development of fish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge Galindo-Villegas
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Murcia-Arrixaca, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Qirui Zhang
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Murcia-Arrixaca, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Viswanath Kiron
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
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22
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Flores EM, Nguyen AT, Odem MA, Eisenhoffer GT, Krachler AM. The zebrafish as a model for gastrointestinal tract-microbe interactions. Cell Microbiol 2020; 22:e13152. [PMID: 31872937 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a widely used vertebrate model for bacterial, fungal, viral, and protozoan infections. Due to its genetic tractability, large clutch sizes, ease of manipulation, and optical transparency during early life stages, it is a particularly useful model to address questions about the cellular microbiology of host-microbe interactions. Although its use as a model for systemic infections, as well as infections localised to the hindbrain and swimbladder having been thoroughly reviewed, studies focusing on host-microbe interactions in the zebrafish gastrointestinal tract have been neglected. Here, we summarise recent findings regarding the developmental and immune biology of the gastrointestinal tract, drawing parallels to mammalian systems. We discuss the use of adult and larval zebrafish as models for gastrointestinal infections, and more generally, for studies of host-microbe interactions in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M Flores
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.,M.D. Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Anh T Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.,M.D. Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
| | - Max A Odem
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - George T Eisenhoffer
- M.D. Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anne Marie Krachler
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.,M.D. Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas
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23
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Catron TR, Gaballah S, Tal T. Using Zebrafish to Investigate Interactions Between Xenobiotics and Microbiota. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40495-019-00203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Rader B, McAnulty SJ, Nyholm SV. Persistent symbiont colonization leads to a maturation of hemocyte response in the Euprymna scolopes/Vibrio fischeri symbiosis. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8:e858. [PMID: 31197972 PMCID: PMC6813443 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The binary association between the squid, Euprymna scolopes, and its symbiont, Vibrio fischeri, serves as a model system to study interactions between beneficial bacteria and the innate immune system. Previous research demonstrated that binding of the squid's immune cells, hemocytes, to V. fischeri is altered if the symbiont is removed from the light organ, suggesting that host colonization alters hemocyte recognition of V. fischeri. To investigate the influence of symbiosis on immune maturation during development, we characterized hemocyte binding and phagocytosis of V. fischeri and nonsymbiotic Vibrio harveyi from symbiotic (sym) and aposymbiotic (apo) juveniles, and wild-caught and laboratory-raised sym and apo adults. Our results demonstrate that while light organ colonization by V. fischeri did not alter juvenile hemocyte response, these cells bound a similar number of V. fischeri and V. harveyi yet phagocytosed only V. harveyi. Our results also indicate that long-term colonization altered the adult hemocyte response to V. fischeri but not V. harveyi. All hemocytes from adult squid, regardless of apo or sym state, both bound and phagocytosed a similar number of V. harveyi while hemocytes from both wild-caught and sym-raised adults bound significantly fewer V. fischeri, although more V. fischeri were phagocytosed by hemocytes from wild-caught animals. In contrast, hemocytes from apo-raised squid bound similar numbers of both V. fischeri and V. harveyi, although more V. harveyi cells were engulfed, suggesting that blood cells from apo-raised adults behaved similarly to juvenile hosts. Taken together, these data suggest that persistent colonization by the light organ symbiont is required for hemocytes to differentially bind and phagocytose V. fischeri. The cellular immune system of E. scolopes likely possesses multiple mechanisms at different developmental stages to promote a specific and life-long interaction with the symbiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Rader
- Department of MicrobiologySouthern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIllinois
| | - Sarah J. McAnulty
- Department of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut
| | - Spencer V. Nyholm
- Department of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut
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25
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Murdoch CC, Rawls JF. Commensal Microbiota Regulate Vertebrate Innate Immunity-Insights From the Zebrafish. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2100. [PMID: 31555292 PMCID: PMC6742977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities populate the mucosal surfaces of all animals. Metazoans have co-evolved with these microorganisms, forming symbioses that affect the molecular and cellular underpinnings of animal physiology. These microorganisms, collectively referred to as the microbiota, are found on many distinct body sites (including the skin, nasal cavity, and urogenital tract), however the most densely colonized host tissue is the intestinal tract. Although spatially confined within the intestinal lumen, the microbiota and associated products shape the development and function of the host immune system. Studies comparing gnotobiotic animals devoid of any microbes (germ free) with counterparts colonized with selected microbial communities have demonstrated that commensal microorganisms are required for the proper development and function of the immune system at homeostasis and following infectious challenge or injury. Animal model systems have been essential for defining microbiota-dependent shifts in innate immune cell function and intestinal physiology during infection and disease. In particular, the zebrafish has emerged as a powerful vertebrate model organism with unparalleled capacity for in vivo imaging, a full complement of genetic approaches, and facile methods to experimentally manipulate microbial communities. Here we review key insights afforded by the zebrafish into the impact of microbiota on innate immunity, including evidence that the perception of and response to the microbiota is evolutionarily conserved. We also highlight opportunities to strengthen the zebrafish model system, and to gain new insights into microbiota-innate immune interactions that would be difficult to achieve in mammalian models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C Murdoch
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - John F Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
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26
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Bosch TCG, Guillemin K, McFall-Ngai M. Evolutionary "Experiments" in Symbiosis: The Study of Model Animals Provides Insights into the Mechanisms Underlying the Diversity of Host-Microbe Interactions. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1800256. [PMID: 31099411 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current work in experimental biology revolves around a handful of animal species. Studying only a few organisms limits science to the answers that those organisms can provide. Nature has given us an overwhelming diversity of animals to study, and recent technological advances have greatly accelerated the ability to generate genetic and genomic tools to develop model organisms for research on host-microbe interactions. With the help of such models the authors therefore hope to construct a more complete picture of the mechanisms that underlie crucial interactions in a given metaorganism (entity consisting of a eukaryotic host with all its associated microbial partners). As reviewed here, new knowledge of the diversity of host-microbe interactions found across the animal kingdom will provide new insights into how animals develop, evolve, and succumb to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C G Bosch
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada.,Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada.,Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Margaret McFall-Ngai
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada.,Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
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27
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Modeling gut-brain interactions in zebrafish. Brain Res Bull 2019; 148:55-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Gastrointestinal microbiota contributes to the development of murine transfusion-related acute lung injury. Blood Adv 2019; 2:1651-1663. [PMID: 29991496 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018018903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a syndrome of respiratory distress upon blood transfusion and is the leading cause of transfusion-related fatalities. Whether the gut microbiota plays any role in the development of TRALI is currently unknown. We observed that untreated barrier-free (BF) mice suffered from severe antibody-mediated acute lung injury, whereas the more sterile housed specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice and gut flora-depleted BF mice were both protected from lung injury. The prevention of TRALI in the SPF mice and gut flora-depleted BF mice was associated with decreased plasma macrophage inflammatory protein-2 levels as well as decreased pulmonary neutrophil accumulation. DNA sequencing of amplicons of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene revealed a varying gastrointestinal bacterial composition between BF and SPF mice. BF fecal matter transferred into SPF mice significantly restored TRALI susceptibility in SPF mice. These data reveal a link between the gut flora composition and the development of antibody-mediated TRALI in mice. Assessment of gut microbial composition may help in TRALI risk assessment before transfusion.
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29
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Cross talk between neutrophils and the microbiota. Blood 2019; 133:2168-2177. [PMID: 30898860 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-11-844555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota has emerged as an important regulator of the host immunity by the induction, functional modulation, or suppression of local and systemic immune responses. In return, the host immune system restricts translocation and fine tunes the composition and distribution of the microbiota to maintain a beneficial symbiosis. This paradigm applies to neutrophils, a critical component of the innate immunity, allowing their production and function to be influenced by microbial components and metabolites derived from the microbiota, and engaging them in the process of microbiota containment and regulation. The cross talk between neutrophils and the microbiota adjusts the magnitude of neutrophil-mediated inflammation on challenge while preventing neutrophil responses against commensals under steady state. Here, we review the major molecular and cellular mediators of the interactions between neutrophils and the microbiota and discuss their interplay and contribution in chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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30
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Murdoch CC, Espenschied ST, Matty MA, Mueller O, Tobin DM, Rawls JF. Intestinal Serum amyloid A suppresses systemic neutrophil activation and bactericidal activity in response to microbiota colonization. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007381. [PMID: 30845179 PMCID: PMC6405052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota influences the development and function of myeloid lineages such as neutrophils, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unresolved. Using gnotobiotic zebrafish, we identified the immune effector Serum amyloid A (Saa) as one of the most highly induced transcripts in digestive tissues following microbiota colonization. Saa is a conserved secreted protein produced in the intestine and liver with described effects on neutrophils in vitro, however its in vivo functions remain poorly defined. We engineered saa mutant zebrafish to test requirements for Saa on innate immunity in vivo. Zebrafish mutant for saa displayed impaired neutrophil responses to wounding but augmented clearance of pathogenic bacteria. At baseline, saa mutants exhibited moderate neutrophilia and altered neutrophil tissue distribution. Molecular and functional analyses of isolated neutrophils revealed that Saa suppresses expression of pro-inflammatory markers and bactericidal activity. Saa's effects on neutrophils depended on microbiota colonization, suggesting this protein mediates the microbiota's effects on host innate immunity. To test tissue-specific roles of Saa on neutrophil function, we over-expressed saa in the intestine or liver and found that sufficient to partially complement neutrophil phenotypes observed in saa mutants. These results indicate Saa produced by the intestine in response to microbiota serves as a systemic signal to neutrophils to restrict aberrant activation, decreasing inflammatory tone and bacterial killing potential while simultaneously enhancing their ability to migrate to wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C. Murdoch
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Scott T. Espenschied
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Molly A. Matty
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Olaf Mueller
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David M. Tobin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - John F. Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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31
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Guo X, Li J, Ran C, Wang A, Xie M, Xie Y, Ding Q, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Duan M, Zhou Z. Dietary nucleotides can directly stimulate the immunity of zebrafish independent of the intestinal microbiota. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:1064-1071. [PMID: 30590163 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we firstly tested the effects of dietary nucleotides on the disease resistance and innate immunity of zebrafish. Further, we investigated the role of intestinal microbiota in the nucleotides-induced immunostimulatory effect by using a germ-free zebrafish model and microbiota transfer technique. Fish were fed control or nucleotides (NT)-supplemented diets (at 0.05%,0.1%, 0.15% or 0.2%, m/m) for 4 weeks, followed by immersion challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila NJ-1. The results showed that 0.1% NT group enhanced the resistance of zebrafish against A. hydrophila infection. We further observed that the relative expressions of mucin, claudin16, occlusin1, hepcidin, defensin beta-like, myeloperoxidase (Mpo), and serum amyloid A (Saa) increased in the 0.1% NT group compared with control (P < 0.05), indicating that dietary nucleotides enhanced the physical barrier and mucosal immunity in the intestine of zebrafish. Moreover, ROS level in the head kidney was significantly increased in NT fed zebrafish versus control (P < 0.05), indicating enhanced systematic immunity. Furthermore, dietary NT significantly elevated the relative expressions of mpo, saa and the ROS activity in germ-free zebrafish, while germ-free zebrafish colonized with NT-altered microbiota had no significant difference in the relative expressions of mpo, saa and the ROS activity compared with the control microbiota-colonized fish, suggesting that the immunostimulatory effect of dietary NT is mediated by direct action of NT and does not involve the microbiota. Consistently, dietary NT can protect germ-free zebrafish from pathogenic infection, whereas germ-free zebrafish colonized with NT microbiota showed no difference in disease resistance compared with control microbiota colonized counterparts. Together, these results indicated that the immunostimulatory and disease protection effect of dietary nucleotides in zebrafish was mediated by direct action of the nucleotides, and does not involve the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoze Guo
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jie Li
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Ran
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Anran Wang
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxu Xie
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yadong Xie
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianwen Ding
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yalin Yang
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhigang Zhou
- Sino-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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32
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du Teil Espina M, Gabarrini G, Harmsen HJM, Westra J, van Winkelhoff AJ, van Dijl JM. Talk to your gut: the oral-gut microbiome axis and its immunomodulatory role in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2019; 43:1-18. [PMID: 30219863 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities inhabiting the human body, collectively called the microbiome, are critical modulators of immunity. This notion is underpinned by associations between changes in the microbiome and particular autoimmune disorders. Specifically, in rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most frequently occurring autoimmune disorders worldwide, changes in the oral and gut microbiomes have been implicated in the loss of tolerance against self-antigens and in increased inflammatory events promoting the damage of joints. In the present review, we highlight recently gained insights in the roles of microbes in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, we address important immunomodulatory processes, including biofilm formation and neutrophil function, which have been implicated in host-microbe interactions relevant for rheumatoid arthritis. Lastly, we present recent advances in the development and evaluation of emerging microbiome-based therapeutic approaches. Altogether, we conclude that the key to uncovering the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis will lie in the immunomodulatory functions of the oral and gut microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marines du Teil Espina
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Gabarrini
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hermie J M Harmsen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna Westra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arie Jan van Winkelhoff
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
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33
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Guillén Y, Noguera-Julian M, Rivera J, Casadellà M, Zevin AS, Rocafort M, Parera M, Rodríguez C, Arumí M, Carrillo J, Mothe B, Estany C, Coll J, Bravo I, Herrero C, Saz J, Sirera G, Torrella A, Navarro J, Crespo M, Negredo E, Brander C, Blanco J, Calle ML, Klatt NR, Clotet B, Paredes R. Low nadir CD4+ T-cell counts predict gut dysbiosis in HIV-1 infection. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:232-246. [PMID: 30171206 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection causes severe gut and systemic immune damage, but its effects on the gut microbiome remain unclear. Previous shotgun metagenomic studies in HIV-negative subjects linked low-microbial gene counts (LGC) to gut dysbiosis in diseases featuring intestinal inflammation. Using a similar approach in 156 subjects with different HIV-1 phenotypes, we found a strong, independent, dose-effect association between nadir CD4+ T-cell counts and LGC. As in other diseases involving intestinal inflammation, the gut microbiomes of subjects with LGC were enriched in gram-negative Bacteroides, acetogenic bacteria and Proteobacteria, which are able to metabolize reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; and were depleted in oxygen-sensitive methanogenic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Interestingly, subjects with LGC also showed increased butyrate levels in direct fecal measurements, consistent with enrichment in Roseburia intestinalis despite reductions in other butyrate producers. The microbiomes of subjects with LGC were also enriched in bacterial virulence factors, as well as in genes associated with beta-lactam, lincosamide, tetracycline, and macrolide resistance. Thus, low nadir CD4+ T-cell counts, rather than HIV-1 serostatus per se, predict the presence of gut dysbiosis in HIV-1 infected subjects. Such dysbiosis does not display obvious HIV-specific features; instead, it shares many similarities with other diseases featuring gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Guillén
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marc Noguera-Julian
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, C. Sagrada Família 7, Vic, 08500, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Javier Rivera
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, C. Sagrada Família 7, Vic, 08500, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Casadellà
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alexander S Zevin
- University of Washington, 3018 Western Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Muntsa Rocafort
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mariona Parera
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marçal Arumí
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jorge Carrillo
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Mothe
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, C. Sagrada Família 7, Vic, 08500, Catalonia, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Service & Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carla Estany
- Infectious Diseases Service & Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Coll
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Service & Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isabel Bravo
- Infectious Diseases Service & Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Herrero
- Infectious Diseases Service & Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jorge Saz
- BCN Checkpoint, Carrer del Comte Borrell, 164, Barcelona, 08015, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Guillem Sirera
- Infectious Diseases Service & Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ariadna Torrella
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebrón, 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Navarro
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebrón, 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manuel Crespo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario, Vigo. IIS Galicia Sur, Estrada de Clara Campoamor, 341, Vigo, 36312, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Eugènia Negredo
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, C. Sagrada Família 7, Vic, 08500, Catalonia, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Service & Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Christian Brander
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, C. Sagrada Família 7, Vic, 08500, Catalonia, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Julià Blanco
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, C. Sagrada Família 7, Vic, 08500, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Luz Calle
- Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, C. Sagrada Família 7, Vic, 08500, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nichole R Klatt
- University of Washington, 3018 Western Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98121, USA
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, C. Sagrada Família 7, Vic, 08500, Catalonia, Spain.,Infectious Diseases Service & Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roger Paredes
- irsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain. .,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain. .,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, C. Sagrada Família 7, Vic, 08500, Catalonia, Spain. .,Infectious Diseases Service & Lluita contra la SIDA Foundation, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Canyet s/n, Badalona, 08916, Catalonia, Spain.
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34
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Zhang X, Ding L, Yu Y, Kong W, Yin Y, Huang Z, Zhang X, Xu Z. The Change of Teleost Skin Commensal Microbiota Is Associated With Skin Mucosal Transcriptomic Responses During Parasitic Infection by Ichthyophthirius multifillis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2972. [PMID: 30619329 PMCID: PMC6305302 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Teleost skin serves as the first line of defense against invading pathogens, and contain a skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT) that elicit gut-like immune responses against antigen stimulation. Moreover, exposed to the water environment and the pathogens therein, teleost skin is also known to be colonized by diverse microbial communities. However, little is known about the interactions between microbiota and the teleost skin mucosal immune system, especially dynamic changes about the interactions under pathogen infection. We hypothesized that dramatic changes of microbial communities and strong mucosal immune response would be present in the skin of aquatic vertebrate under parasite infection. To confirm this hypothesis, we construct an infected model with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which was experimentally challenged by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich). H & E staining of trout skin indicates the successful invasion of Ich and shows the morphological changes caused by Ich infection. Critically, increased mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes were detected in trout skin from experimental groups using qRT-PCR, which were further studied by RNA-Seq analysis. Here, through transcriptomics, we detected that complement factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and antimicrobial genes were strikingly induced in the skin of infected fish. Moreover, high alpha diversity values of microbiota in trout skin from the experimental groups were discovered. Interestingly, we found that Ich infection led to a decreased abundance of skin commensals and increased colonization of opportunistic bacteria through 16S rRNA pyrosequencing, which were mainly characterized by lose of Proteobacteria and increased intensity of Flavobacteriaceae. To our knowledge, our results suggest for the first time that parasitic infection could inhibit symbionts and offer opportunities for other pathogens' secondary infection in teleost skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liguo Ding
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongyao Yu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiguang Kong
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaxing Yin
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Huang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuezhen Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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35
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Wang YW, Wang WS, Wang LY, Bao YR, Lu JW, Lu Y, Zhang CY, Li WJ, Sun K, Ying H. Extracellular matrix remodeling effects of serum amyloid A1 in the human amnion: Implications for fetal membrane rupture. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 81:e13073. [PMID: 30461130 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Rupture of fetal membranes is a crucial event at parturition, which is preceded by extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Our recent studies have demonstrated that the human fetal membranes are capable of de novo synthesis of serum amyloid A1 (SAA1), an acute phase protein, and the abundance of SAA1 in the amnion was increased at parturition. However, the exact role of SAA1 in human parturition remains to be established. METHOD OF STUDY The effects of SAA1 on the abundance of collagenases and lysyl oxidase, the enzyme that cross-links collagens, were investigated in culture primary human amnion fibroblasts and tissue explants with an aim to examine the involvement of SAA1 in the ECM remodeling in the amnion. RESULTS Serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) time- and dose-dependently increased the abundance of collagenases MMP-1, MMP-8, and MMP-13, while decreased the abundance of lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1). These effects of SAA1 were attenuated by siRNA-mediated knockdown of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and its antagonist CLI-095, but not by siRNA-mediated knockdown of TLR2. Furthermore, the inhibitors for NF-κB (JSH-23) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p38 (SB203580) and JNK (SP600125) could also attenuate the effects of SAA1, while the inhibitor for MAPK ERK1/2 (PD 98059) could block the effects of SAA1 only on MMP-1, MMP-8, and LOXL1 but not on MMP-13. CONCLUSION These data highlight a possible role for SAA1 in ECM remodeling preceding membrane rupture by regulating the expression of collagenases MMP-1, MMP-8, MMP-13, and LOXL1 through TLR4-mediated activation of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways in amnion fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wei Wang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang-Sheng Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Yao Wang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Rong Bao
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang-Wen Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Chu-Yue Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jiao Li
- Maternity and Infant Hospital of Changning District, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Ying
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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36
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Logan SL, Dudley C, Baker RP, Taormina MJ, Hay EA, Parthasarathy R. Automated high-throughput light-sheet fluorescence microscopy of larval zebrafish. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198705. [PMID: 30427839 PMCID: PMC6235235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Light sheet fluorescence microscopy enables fast, minimally phototoxic, three-dimensional imaging of live specimens, but is currently limited by low throughput and tedious sample preparation. Here, we describe an automated high-throughput light sheet fluorescence microscope in which specimens are positioned by and imaged within a fluidic system integrated with the sheet excitation and detection optics. We demonstrate the ability of the instrument to rapidly examine live specimens with minimal manual intervention by imaging fluorescent neutrophils over a nearly 0.3 mm3 volume in dozens of larval zebrafish. In addition to revealing considerable inter-individual variability in neutrophil number, known previously from labor-intensive methods, three-dimensional imaging allows assessment of the correlation between the bulk measure of total cellular fluorescence and the spatially resolved measure of actual neutrophil number per animal. We suggest that our simple experimental design should considerably expand the scope and impact of light sheet imaging in the life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah L. Logan
- Materials Science Institute, Institute of Molecular Biology, and Department of Physics, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Christopher Dudley
- Materials Science Institute, Institute of Molecular Biology, and Department of Physics, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Ryan P. Baker
- Materials Science Institute, Institute of Molecular Biology, and Department of Physics, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Taormina
- Materials Science Institute, Institute of Molecular Biology, and Department of Physics, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Edouard A. Hay
- Materials Science Institute, Institute of Molecular Biology, and Department of Physics, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
| | - Raghuveer Parthasarathy
- Materials Science Institute, Institute of Molecular Biology, and Department of Physics, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States of America
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37
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Rolig AS, Sweeney EG, Kaye LE, DeSantis MD, Perkins A, Banse AV, Hamilton MK, Guillemin K. A bacterial immunomodulatory protein with lipocalin-like domains facilitates host-bacteria mutualism in larval zebrafish. eLife 2018; 7:37172. [PMID: 30398151 PMCID: PMC6219842 DOI: 10.7554/elife.37172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stable mutualism between a host and its resident bacteria requires a moderated immune response to control bacterial population size without eliciting excessive inflammation that could harm both partners. Little is known about the specific molecular mechanisms utilized by bacterial mutualists to temper their hosts' responses and protect themselves from aggressive immune attack. Using a gnotobiotic larval zebrafish model, we identified an Aeromonas secreted immunomodulatory protein, AimA. AimA is required during colonization to prevent intestinal inflammation that simultaneously compromises both bacterial and host survival. Administration of exogenous AimA prevents excessive intestinal neutrophil accumulation and protects against septic shock in models of both bacterially and chemically induced intestinal inflammation. We determined the molecular structure of AimA, which revealed two related calycin-like domains with structural similarity to the mammalian immune modulatory protein, lipocalin-2. As a secreted bacterial protein required by both partners for optimal fitness, AimA is an exemplar bacterial mutualism factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annah S Rolig
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States
| | | | - Lila E Kaye
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States
| | - Michael D DeSantis
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States
| | - Arden Perkins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States
| | - Allison V Banse
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States
| | | | - Karen Guillemin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States.,Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Canada
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38
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Mukherjee S, Joardar N, Sengupta S, Sinha Babu SP. Gut microbes as future therapeutics in treating inflammatory and infectious diseases: Lessons from recent findings. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 61:111-128. [PMID: 30196243 PMCID: PMC7126101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota has been the interest of extensive research in recent years and our knowledge on using the potential capacity of these microbes are growing rapidly. Microorganisms colonized throughout the gastrointestinal tract of human are coevolved through symbiotic relationship and can influence physiology, metabolism, nutrition and immune functions of an individual. The gut microbes are directly involved in conferring protection against pathogen colonization by inducing direct killing, competing with nutrients and enhancing the response of the gut-associated immune repertoire. Damage in the microbiome (dysbiosis) is linked with several life-threatening outcomes viz. inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, allergy, and auto-immune disorders. Therefore, the manipulation of human gut microbiota came out as a potential choice for therapeutic intervention of the several human diseases. Herein, we review significant studies emphasizing the influence of the gut microbiota on the regulation of host responses in combating infectious and inflammatory diseases alongside describing the promises of gut microbes as future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprabhat Mukherjee
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Nikhilesh Joardar
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Subhasree Sengupta
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
| | - Santi P Sinha Babu
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies), Siksha-Bhavana, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India.
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39
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Davison JM, Wischmeyer PE. Probiotic and synbiotic therapy in the critically ill: State of the art. Nutrition 2018; 59:29-36. [PMID: 30415160 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent medical history has largely viewed our bacterial symbionts as pathogens to be eradicated rather than as essential partners in optimal health. However, one of the most exciting scientific advances in recent years has been the realization that commensal microorganisms (our microbiome) play vital roles in human physiology in nutrition, vitamin synthesis, drug metabolism, protection against infection, and recovery from illness. Recent data show that loss of "health-promoting" microbes and overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria (dysbiosis) in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) appears to contribute to nosocomial infections, sepsis, and poor outcomes. Dysbiosis results from many factors, including ubiquitous antibiotic use and altered nutrition delivery in illness. Despite modern antibiotic therapy, infections and mortality from often multidrug-resistant organisms are increasing. This raises the question of whether restoration of a healthy microbiome via probiotics or synbiotics (probiotic and prebiotic combinations) to intervene on ubiquitous ICU dysbiosis would be an optimal intervention in critical illness to prevent infection and to improve recovery. This review will discuss recent innovative experimental data illuminating mechanistic pathways by which probiotics and synbiotics may provide clinical benefit. Furthermore, a review of recent clinical data demonstrating that probiotics and synbiotics can reduce complications in ICU and other populations will be undertaken. Overall, growing data for probiotic and symbiotic therapy reveal a need for definitive clinical trials of these therapies, as recently performed in healthy neonates. Future studies should target administration of probiotics and synbiotics with known mechanistic benefits to improve patient outcomes. Optimally, future probiotic and symbiotic studies will be conducted using microbiome signatures to characterize actual ICU dysbiosis and determine, and perhaps even personalize, ideal probiotic and symbiotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Davison
- Department of Anesthesiology and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paul E Wischmeyer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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40
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Smith CK, Trinchieri G. The interplay between neutrophils and microbiota in cancer. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:701-715. [PMID: 30044897 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4ri0418-151r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the microbiota in many diseases including cancer has gained increasing attention. Paired with this is our expanding appreciation for the heterogeneity of the neutrophil compartment regarding surface marker expression and functionality. In this review, we will discuss the influence of the microbiota on granulopoiesis and consequent activity of neutrophils in cancer. As evidence for this microbiota-neutrophil-cancer axis builds, it exposes new therapeutic targets to improve a cancer patient's outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyne K Smith
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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41
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Parker A, Lawson MAE, Vaux L, Pin C. Host-microbe interaction in the gastrointestinal tract. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:2337-2353. [PMID: 28892253 PMCID: PMC6175405 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is a highly complex organ in which multiple dynamic physiological processes are tightly coordinated while interacting with a dense and extremely diverse microbial population. From establishment in early life, through to host-microbe symbiosis in adulthood, the gut microbiota plays a vital role in our development and health. The effect of the microbiota on gut development and physiology is highlighted by anatomical and functional changes in germ-free mice, affecting the gut epithelium, immune system and enteric nervous system. Microbial colonisation promotes competent innate and acquired mucosal immune systems, epithelial renewal, barrier integrity, and mucosal vascularisation and innervation. Interacting or shared signalling pathways across different physiological systems of the gut could explain how all these changes are coordinated during postnatal colonisation, or after the introduction of microbiota into germ-free models. The application of cell-based in-vitro experimental systems and mathematical modelling can shed light on the molecular and signalling pathways which regulate the development and maintenance of homeostasis in the gut and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimée Parker
- Quadram Institute BioscienceNorwich Research ParkNR4 7UAUK
| | | | - Laura Vaux
- Quadram Institute BioscienceNorwich Research ParkNR4 7UAUK
| | - Carmen Pin
- Quadram Institute BioscienceNorwich Research ParkNR4 7UAUK
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42
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de Abreu MS, Giacomini ACVV, Zanandrea R, Dos Santos BE, Genario R, de Oliveira GG, Friend AJ, Amstislavskaya TG, Kalueff AV. Psychoneuroimmunology and immunopsychiatry of zebrafish. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 92:1-12. [PMID: 29609110 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of neural and immune disorders, their etiology and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. As the zebrafish (Danio rerio) is increasingly utilized as a powerful model organism in biomedical research, mounting evidence suggests these fish as a useful tool to study neural and immune mechanisms and their interplay. Here, we discuss zebrafish neuro-immune mechanisms and their pharmacological and genetic modulation, the effect of stress on cytokines, as well as relevant models of microbiota-brain interplay. As many human brain diseases are based on complex interplay between the neural and the immune system, here we discuss zebrafish models, as well as recent successes and challenges, in this rapidly expanding field. We particularly emphasize the growing utility of zebrafish models in translational immunopsychiatry research, as they improve our understanding of pathogenetic neuro-immune interactions, thereby fostering future discovery of potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo S de Abreu
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA, USA
| | - Ana C V V Giacomini
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Zanandrea
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna E Dos Santos
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Genario
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ashton J Friend
- Tulane University School of Science and Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tamara G Amstislavskaya
- Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine SB RAS, and Department of Neuroscience, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia; ZENEREI Research Center, Slidell, LA, USA; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia; Russian Research Center for Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Pesochny, Russia; Laboratory of Translational Biopsychiatry, Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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43
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Schwarzer M, Strigini M, Leulier F. Gut Microbiota and Host Juvenile Growth. Calcif Tissue Int 2018; 102:387-405. [PMID: 29214457 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Good genes, good food, good friends. That is what parents hope will sustain and nurture the harmonious growth of their children. The impact of the genetic background and nutrition on postnatal growth has been in the spot light for long, but the good friends have come to the scene only recently. Among the good friends perhaps the most crucial ones are those that we are carrying within ourselves. They comprise the trillions of microbes that collectively constitute each individual's intestinal microbiota. Indeed, recent epidemiological and field studies in humans, supported by extensive experimental data on animal models, demonstrate a clear role of the intestinal microbiota on their host's juvenile growth, especially under suboptimal nutrient conditions. Genuinely integrative approaches applicable to invertebrate and vertebrate systems combine tools from genetics, developmental biology, microbiology, nutrition, and physiology to reveal how gut microbiota affects growth both positively and negatively, in healthy and pathological conditions. It appears that certain natural or engineered gut microbiota communities can positively impact insulin/IGF-1 and steroid hormone signaling, thus contributing to the host juvenile development and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schwarzer
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69364, Lyon Cedex 07, France.
- Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Nový Hrádek, Czech Republic.
| | - Maura Strigini
- INSERM, U1059, Sainbiose, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Faculté de Médecine, Campus Santé Innovation, 42023, Saint-Étienne, France.
| | - François Leulier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69364, Lyon Cedex 07, France
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44
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Garcia-Reyero N. The clandestine organs of the endocrine system. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 257:264-271. [PMID: 28822775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review analyzes what could be regarded as the "clandestine organs" of the endocrine system: the gut microbiome, the immune system, and the stress system. The immune system is very closely related to the endocrine system, with many intertwined processes and signals. Many researchers now consider the microbiome as an 'organ' that affects the organism at many different levels. While stress is certainly not an organ, it affects so many processes, including endocrine-related processes, that the stress response system deserved a special section in this review. Understanding the connections, effects, and feedback mechanisms between the different "clandestine organs" and the endocrine system will provide us with a better understanding of how an organism functions, as well as reinforce the idea that there are no independent organs or systems, but a complex, interacting network of molecules, cells, tissues, signaling pathways, and mechanisms that constitute an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180, United States.
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45
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Basson AR, Lam M, Cominelli F. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Strategies for Therapeutic Gut Microbiota Modulation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and their Next-Generation Approaches. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2017; 46:689-729. [PMID: 29173517 PMCID: PMC5909826 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome exerts a major impact on human health and disease, and therapeutic gut microbiota modulation is now a well-advocated strategy in the management of many diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Scientific and clinical evidence in support of complementary and alternative medicine, in targeting intestinal dysbiosis among patients with IBD, or other disorders, has increased dramatically over the past years. Delivery of "artificial" stool replacements for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could provide an effective, safer alternative to that of human donor stool. Nevertheless, optimum timing of FMT administration in IBD remains unexplored, and future investigations are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail R Basson
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Minh Lam
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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46
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Small CM, Milligan-Myhre K, Bassham S, Guillemin K, Cresko WA. Host Genotype and Microbiota Contribute Asymmetrically to Transcriptional Variation in the Threespine Stickleback Gut. Genome Biol Evol 2017; 9:504-520. [PMID: 28391321 PMCID: PMC5381569 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies of interactions between hosts and their resident microbes have revealed important ecological and evolutionary consequences that emerge from these complex interspecies relationships, including diseases that occur when the interactions go awry. Given the preponderance of these interactions, we hypothesized that effects of the microbiota on gene expression in the developing gut—an important aspect of host biology—would be pervasive, and that these effects would be both comparable in magnitude to and contingent on effects of the host genetic background. To evaluate the effects of the microbiota, host genotype, and their interaction on gene expression in the gut of a genetically diverse, gnotobiotic host model, the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), we compared RNA-seq data among 84 larval fish. Surprisingly, we found that stickleback population and family differences explained substantially more gene expression variation than the presence of microbes. Expression levels of 72 genes, however, were affected by our microbiota treatment. These genes, including many associated with innate immunity, comprise a tractable subset of host genetic factors for precise, systems-level study of host–microbe interactions in the future. Importantly, our data also suggest subtle signatures of a statistical interaction between host genotype and the microbiota on expression patterns of genetic pathways associated with innate immunity, coagulation and complement cascades, focal adhesion, cancer, and peroxisomes. These genotype-by-environment interactions may prove to be important leads to the understanding of host genetic mechanisms commonly at the root of sometimes complex molecular relationships between hosts and their resident microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton M Small
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
| | | | - Susan Bassham
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
| | - William A Cresko
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
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Abstract
Host-microbe interactions are influenced by complex host genetics and environment. Studies across animal taxa have aided our understanding of how intestinal microbiota influence vertebrate development, disease, and physiology. However, traditional mammalian studies can be limited by the use of isogenic strains, husbandry constraints that result in small sample sizes and limited statistical power, reliance on indirect characterization of gut microbial communities from fecal samples, and concerns of whether observations in artificial conditions are actually reflective of what occurs in the wild. Fish models are able to overcome many of these limitations. The extensive variation in the physiology, ecology, and natural history of fish enriches studies of the evolution and ecology of host-microbe interactions. They share physiological and immunological features common among vertebrates, including humans, and harbor complex gut microbiota, which allows identification of the mechanisms driving microbial community assembly. Their accelerated life cycles and large clutch sizes and the ease of sampling both internal and external microbial communities make them particularly well suited for robust statistical studies of microbial diversity. Gnotobiotic techniques, genetic manipulation of the microbiota and host, and transparent juveniles enable novel insights into mechanisms underlying development of the digestive tract and disease states. Many diseases involve a complex combination of genes which are difficult to manipulate in homogeneous model organisms. By taking advantage of the natural genetic variation found in wild fish populations, as well as of the availability of powerful genetic tools, future studies should be able to identify conserved genes and pathways that contribute to human genetic diseases characterized by dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Lescak
- University of Alaska Anchorage, Department of Biological Sciences, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
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48
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Burns AR, Guillemin K. The scales of the zebrafish: host-microbiota interactions from proteins to populations. Curr Opin Microbiol 2017; 38:137-141. [PMID: 28618368 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between animal hosts and their associated microbiota can be studied at multiple spatial and conceptual scales, with each providing unique perspectives on the processes structuring host-microbe systems. Recently, zebrafish, Danio rerio, has emerged as a powerful model in which to study these interactions at many different scales. Controlled but simplified gnotobiotic experiments enable discovery of the molecules and cellular dynamics that shape host-microbe system development, whereas population level investigations of bacterial dispersal and transmission are beginning to reveal the processes shaping microbiota assembly across hosts. Here we review recent examples of these studies and discuss how the results can be integrated to better understand host-microbiota systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Burns
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, United States
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, United States; Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada.
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Kelly C, Salinas I. Under Pressure: Interactions between Commensal Microbiota and the Teleost Immune System. Front Immunol 2017; 8:559. [PMID: 28555138 PMCID: PMC5430139 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Commensal microorganisms inhabit every mucosal surface of teleost fish. At these surfaces, microorganisms directly and indirectly shape the teleost immune system. This review provides a comprehensive overview of how the microbiota and microbiota-derived products influence both the mucosal and systemic immune system of fish. The cross talk between the microbiota and the teleost immune system shifts significantly under stress or disease scenarios rendering commensals into opportunists or pathogens. Lessons learnt from germ-free fish models as well as from oral administration of live probiotics to fish highlight the vast impact that microbiota have on immune development, antibody production, mucosal homeostasis, and resistance to stress. Future studies should dissect the specific mechanisms by which different members of the fish microbiota and the metabolites they produce interact with pathogens, with other commensals, and with the teleost immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecelia Kelly
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Irene Salinas
- Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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50
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Leulier F, MacNeil LT, Lee WJ, Rawls JF, Cani PD, Schwarzer M, Zhao L, Simpson SJ. Integrative Physiology: At the Crossroads of Nutrition, Microbiota, Animal Physiology, and Human Health. Cell Metab 2017; 25:522-534. [PMID: 28273475 PMCID: PMC6200423 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition is paramount in shaping all aspects of animal biology. In addition, the influence of the intestinal microbiota on physiology is now widely recognized. Given that diet also shapes the intestinal microbiota, this raises the question of how the nutritional environment and microbial assemblages together influence animal physiology. This research field constitutes a new frontier in the field of organismal biology that needs to be addressed. Here we review recent studies using animal models and humans and propose an integrative framework within which to define the study of the diet-physiology-microbiota systems and ultimately link it to human health. Nutritional Geometry sits centrally in the proposed framework and offers means to define diet compositions that are optimal for individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Leulier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.
| | - Lesley T MacNeil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4K1, Canada; Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4K1, Canada; Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S4K1, Canada
| | - Won-Jae Lee
- School of Biological Science, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Creative Research Initiative Center for Hologenomics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - John F Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Center for the Genomics of Microbial Systems, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO (Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Schwarzer
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL), Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Liping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Stephen J Simpson
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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