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Dabboussi N, Debs E, Bouji M, Rafei R, Fares N. Balancing the mind: Toward a complete picture of the interplay between gut microbiota, inflammation and major depressive disorder. Brain Res Bull 2024; 216:111056. [PMID: 39182696 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The intricate interplay existing between gut microbiota and homeostasis extends to the realm of the brain, where emerging research underscores the significant impact of the microbiota on mood regulation and overall neurological well-being and vice-versa, with inflammation playing a pivotal role in mediating these complex interactions. This comprehensive review explores the complex interplay between inflammation, alterations in gut microbiota, and their impact on major depressive disorder (MDD). It provides a cohesive framework for the puzzle pieces of this triad, emphasizing recent advancements in understanding the gut microbiota and inflammatory states' contribution to the depressive features. Two directions of communication between the gut and the brain in depression are discussed, with inflammation serving as a potential modulator. Therapeutic implications were discussed as well, drawing insights from interventional studies on the effects of probiotics on gut bacterial composition and depressive symptoms. Ultimately, this review will attempt to provide a complete and valuable framework for future research and therapeutic interventions in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Dabboussi
- Laboratory of Research in Physiology and pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, POBox. 17-5208 - Mar Mikhaël, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon; Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.
| | - Espérance Debs
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, P.O. Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon.
| | - Marc Bouji
- Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth-Liban, Mar Roukos, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Rayane Rafei
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Science & Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Nassim Fares
- Laboratory of Research in Physiology and pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, POBox. 17-5208 - Mar Mikhaël, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon.
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2
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Holers VM, Demoruelle KM, Buckner JH, James EA, Firestein GS, Robinson WH, Steere AC, Zhang F, Norris JM, Kuhn KA, Deane KD. Distinct mucosal endotypes as initiators and drivers of rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2024:10.1038/s41584-024-01154-0. [PMID: 39251771 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-024-01154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a potentially devastating autoimmune disease. The great majority of patients with RA are seropositive for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), rheumatoid factors, or other autoantibodies. The onset of clinically apparent inflammatory arthritis meeting classification criteria (clinical RA) is preceded by ACPA seropositivity for an average of 3-5 years, a period that is designated as 'at-risk' of RA for ACPA-positive individuals who do not display signs of arthritis, or 'pre-RA' for individuals who are known to have progressed to developing clinical RA. Prior studies of individuals at-risk of RA have associated pulmonary mucosal inflammation with local production of ACPAs and rheumatoid factors, leading to development of the 'mucosal origins hypothesis'. Recent work now suggests the presence of multiple distinct mucosal site-specific mechanisms that drive RA evolution. Indicatively, subsets of individuals at-risk of RA and patients with RA harbour a faecal bacterial strain that has exhibited arthritogenic activity in animal models and that favours T helper 17 (TH17) cell responses in patients. Periodontal inflammation and oral microbiota have also been suggested to promote the development of arthritis through breaches in the mucosal barrier. Herein, we argue that mucosal sites and their associated microbial strains can contribute to RA evolution via distinct pathogenic mechanisms, which can be considered causal mucosal endotypes. Future therapies instituted for prevention in the at-risk period, or, perhaps, during clinical RA as therapeutics for active arthritis, will possibly have to address these individual mechanisms as part of precision medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Michael Holers
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Gary S Firestein
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William H Robinson
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Allen C Steere
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristine A Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kevin D Deane
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
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Tu V, Ren Y, Tanes C, Mukhopadhyay S, Daniel SG, Li H, Bittinger K. A quantitative approach to measure and predict microbiome response to antibiotics. mSphere 2024:e0048824. [PMID: 39230261 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00488-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Although antibiotics induce sizable perturbations in the human microbiome, we lack a systematic and quantitative method to measure and predict the microbiome's response to specific antibiotics. Here, we introduce such a method, which takes the form of a microbiome response index (MiRIx) for each antibiotic. Antibiotic-specific MiRIx values quantify the overall susceptibility of the microbiota to an antibiotic, based on databases of bacterial phenotypes and published data on intrinsic antibiotic susceptibility. We applied our approach to five published microbiome studies that carried out antibiotic interventions with vancomycin, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, and doxycycline. We show how MiRIx can be used in conjunction with existing microbiome analytical approaches to gain a deeper understanding of the microbiome response to antibiotics. Finally, we generate antibiotic response predictions for the oral, skin, and gut microbiome in healthy humans. Our approach is implemented as open-source software and is readily applied to microbiome data sets generated by 16S rRNA marker gene sequencing or shotgun metagenomics. IMPORTANCE Antibiotics are potent influencers of the human microbiome and can be a source for enduring dysbiosis and antibiotic resistance in healthcare. Existing microbiome data analysis methods can quantify perturbations of bacterial communities but cannot evaluate whether the differences are aligned with the expected activity of a specific antibiotic. Here, we present a novel method to quantify and predict antibiotic-specific microbiome changes, implemented in a ready-to-use software package. This has the potential to be a critical tool to broaden our understanding of the relationship between the microbiome and antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Tu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yue Ren
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ceylan Tanes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sagori Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott G Daniel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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4
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Toritsuka D, Yoshimura N. Reply to Liqi et al. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 66:ezae326. [PMID: 39241346 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezae326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Toritsuka
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Saki N, Hadi H, Keikhaei B, Mirzaei A, Purrahman D. Gut microbiome composition and dysbiosis in immune thrombocytopenia: A review of literature. Blood Rev 2024; 67:101219. [PMID: 38862311 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2024.101219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by excessive reticuloendothelial platelet destruction and inadequate compensatory platelet production. However, the pathogenesis of ITP is relatively complex, and its exact mechanisms and etiology have not been definitively established. The gut microbiome, namely a diverse community of symbiotic microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal system, affects health through involvement in human metabolism, immune modulation, and maintaining physiological balance. Emerging evidence reveals that the gut microbiome composition differs in patients with ITP compared to healthy individuals, which is related with platelet count, disease duration, and response to treatment. These findings suggest that the microbiome and metabolome profiles of individuals could unveil a new pathway for aiding diagnosis, predicting prognosis, assessing treatment response, and formulating personalized therapeutic approaches for ITP. However, due to controversial reports, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn, and further investigations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Hadi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bijan Keikhaei
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Mirzaei
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Daryush Purrahman
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Sproten R, Nohr D, Guseva D. Nutritional strategies modulating the gut microbiome as a preventative and therapeutic approach in normal and pathological age-related cognitive decline: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical findings. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:1042-1057. [PMID: 38165747 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2296727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The proportion of the elderly population is on the rise across the globe, and with it the prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The gut microbiota, whose composition is highly regulated by dietary intake, has emerged as an exciting research field in neurology due to its pivotal role in modulating brain functions via the gut-brain axis. OBJECTIVES We aimed at conducting a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies investigating the effects of dietary interventions on cognitive ageing in conjunction with changes in gut microbiota composition and functionality. METHODS PubMed and Scopus were searched using terms related to ageing, cognition, gut microbiota and dietary interventions. Studies were screened, selected based on previously determined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and evaluated for methodological quality using recommended risk of bias assessment tools. RESULTS A total of 32 studies (18 preclinical and 14 clinical) were selected for inclusion. We found that most of the animal studies showed significant positive intervention effects on cognitive behavior, while outcomes on cognition, microbiome features, and health parameters in humans were less pronounced. The effectiveness of dietary interventions depended markedly on the age, gender, degree of cognitive decline and baseline microbiome composition of participants. CONCLUSION To harness the full potential of microbiome-inspired nutrition for cognitive health, one of the main challenges remains to better understand the interplay between host, his microbiome, dietary exposures, whilst also taking into account environmental influences. Future research should aim toward making use of host-specific microbiome data to guide the development of personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieke Sproten
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Donatus Nohr
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Daria Guseva
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Child Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Samsing F, Sullivan R, Truong H, Rombenso A, Sangster CR, Bannister J, Longshaw M, Becker JA. Replacement of fishmeal with a microbial single-cell protein induced enteropathy and poor growth outcomes in barramundi (Lates calcarifer) fry. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024; 47:e13985. [PMID: 38923541 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Fish meal (FM) replacement is essential for the sustainable expansion of aquaculture. This study focussed on the feasibility of replacing FM with a single-cell protein (SCP) derived from methanotrophic bacteria (Methylococcus capsulatus, Bath) in barramundi fry (Lates calcarifer). Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated with 0%, 6.4% and 12.9% inclusion of the SCP, replacing FM by 0%, 25% and 50%. Barramundi fry (initial body weight 2.5 ± 0.1 g) were fed experimental diets for 21 days to assess growth performance, gut microbiome composition and gut histopathology. Our findings revealed that both levels of SCP inclusion induced detrimental effects in barramundi fry, including impaired growth and reduced survival compared with the control group (66.7% and 71.7% survival in diets replacing FM with SCP by 25% and 50%, respectively; p < .05). Both dietary treatments presented mild necrotizing enteritis with subepithelial oedema and accumulation of PAS positive, diastase resistant droplets within hepatocytes (ceroid hepatopathy) and pancreatic atrophy. Microbiome analysis revealed a marked shift in the gut microbial community with the expansion of potential opportunistic bacteria in the genus Aeromonas. Reduced overall performance in the highest inclusion level (50% SCP) was primarily associated with reduced feed intake, likely related to palatability issues, albeit pathological changes observed in gut and liver may also play a role. Our study highlights the importance of meticulous optimization of SCP inclusion levels in aquafeed formulations, and the need for species and life-stage specific assessments to ensure the health and welfare of fish in sustainable aquaculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Samsing
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roisin Sullivan
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ha Truong
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Livestock & Aquaculture Program, Bribie Island, Queensland, Australia
| | - Artur Rombenso
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Livestock & Aquaculture Program, Bribie Island, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cheryl R Sangster
- Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Services (VPDS), Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jo Bannister
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Joy A Becker
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
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Guardamagna M, Meyer ML, Berciano-Guerrero MÁ, Mesas-Ruiz A, Cobo-Dols M, Perez-Ruiz E, Cantero Gonzalez A, Lavado-Valenzuela R, Barragán I, Oliver J, Garrido-Aranda A, Alvarez M, Rueda-Dominguez A, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Alba Conejo E, Benitez JC. Oncogene-addicted solid tumors and microbiome-lung cancer as a main character: a narrative review. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2024; 13:2050-2066. [PMID: 39263011 PMCID: PMC11384476 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-24-216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objective Lung cancer stands as the main cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. With the advent of immunotherapy and the discovery of targetable oncogenic driver genes, although prognosis has changed in the last few years, survival rates remain dismal for most patients. This emphasizes the urgent need for new strategies that could enhance treatment in precision medicine. The role of the microbiota in carcinogenesis constitutes an evolving landscape of which little is known. It has been suggested these microorganisms may influence in responses, resistance, and adverse effects to cancer treatments, particularly to immune checkpoint blockers. However, evidence on the impact of microbiota composition in oncogene-addicted tumors is lacking. This review aims to provide an overview of the relationship between microbiota, daily habits, the immune system, and oncogene-addicted tumors, focusing on lung cancer. Methods A PubMed and Google Scholar search from 2013 to 2024 was conducted. Relevant articles were reviewed in order to guide our research and generate hypothesis of clinical applicability. Key Content and Findings Microbiota is recognized to participate in immune reprogramming, fostering inflammatory, immunosuppressive, or anti-tumor responses. Therefore, identifying the microbiota that impact response to treatment and modulating its composition by interventions such as dietary modifications, probiotics or antibiotics, could potentially yield better outcomes for cancer patients. Additionally, targeted therapies that modulate molecular signaling pathways may impact both immunity and microbiota. Understanding this intricate interplay could unveil new therapeutic strategies. Conclusions By comprehending how microbiota may influence efficacy of targeted therapies, even though current evidence is scarce, we may generate interesting hypotheses that could improve clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mora Guardamagna
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Medical School University of Málaga, Campus Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - May-Lucie Meyer
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel Ángel Berciano-Guerrero
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Medical School University of Málaga, Campus Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Andres Mesas-Ruiz
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Cobo-Dols
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Regional University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Perez-Ruiz
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Regional University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alexandra Cantero Gonzalez
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Regional University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rocío Lavado-Valenzuela
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Cancer Molecular Biology Laboratory, CIMES, Malaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Barragán
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Group of Pharmacoepigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Javier Oliver
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alicia Garrido-Aranda
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Cancer Molecular Biology Laboratory, CIMES, Malaga, Spain
| | - Martina Alvarez
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Cancer Molecular Biology Laboratory, CIMES, Malaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Rueda-Dominguez
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Medical School University of Málaga, Campus Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Surgical Specialties, Biochemical and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Emilio Alba Conejo
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Medical School University of Málaga, Campus Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jose Carlos Benitez
- Medical Oncology Department, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- Group of Translational Research in Cancer Immunotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
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9
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Lau E, Maccaro J, McFrederick QS, Nieh JC. Exploring the interactions between Nosema ceranae infection and the honey bee gut microbiome. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20037. [PMID: 39198535 PMCID: PMC11358482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67796-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Managed colonies of the European honey bee, Apis mellifera, have faced considerable losses in recent years. A widespread contributing factor is a microsporidian pathogen, Nosema ceranae, which occurs worldwide, is increasingly resistant to antibiotic treatment, and can alter the host's immune response and nutritional uptake. These obligate gut pathogens share their environment with a natural honey bee microbiome whose composition can affect pathogen resistance. We tested the effect of N. ceranae infection on this microbiome by feeding 5 day-old adult bees that had natural, fully developed microbiomes with live N. ceranae spores (40,000 per bee) or a sham inoculation, sterile 2.0 M sucrose solution. We caged and reared these bees in a controlled lab environment and tracked their mortality over 12 d, after which we dissected them, measured their infection levels (gut spore counts), and analyzed their microbiomes. Bees fed live spores had two-fold higher mortality by 12 d and 36.5-fold more spores per bee than controls. There were also strong colony effects on infection levels, and 9% of spore-inoculated bees had no spore counts at all (defined as fed-spores-but-not-infected). Nosema ceranae infection had significant but subtle effects on the gut microbiomes of experimentally infected bees, bees with different infection levels, and fed-spores-but-not-infected vs. bees with gut spores. Specific bacteria, including Gilliamella ASVs, were positively associated with infection, indicating that multiple strains of core gut microbes either facilitate or resist N. ceranae infection. Future studies on the interactions between bacterial, pathogen, and host genotypes would be illuminating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund Lau
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jessica Maccaro
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Quinn S McFrederick
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - James C Nieh
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Ecology, Behavior, and Evolution, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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10
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Pavić D, Geček S, Miljanović A, Grbin D, Bielen A. Characterization of Bacterial Communities on Trout Skin and Eggs in Relation to Saprolegnia parasitica Infection Status. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1733. [PMID: 39203577 PMCID: PMC11357440 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the changes in the microbial communities on the surface of trout eggs and the skin of adult trout in relation to the presence of Saprolegnia parasitica. This pathogen causes saprolegniosis, a disease responsible for significant losses in salmonid farms and hatcheries. It is known from other disease systems that the host-associated microbiome plays a crucial role in the defence against pathogens, but if the pathogen predominates, this can lead to dysbiosis. However, analyses of the effects of S. parasitica on the diversity, composition, and function of microbial communities on fish skin and eggs are scarce. Thus, we have collected skin swabs from injured and healthy trout (N = 12), which differed in S. parasitica load, from three different fish farms in Croatia (Kostanjevac, Radovan, and Solin), while trout egg samples (N = 12) were infected with S. parasitica in the laboratory. Illumina sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA marker gene showed that infection with S. parasitica reduced the microbial diversity on the surface of the eggs, as evidenced by decreased Pielou's evenness and Shannon's indices. We further determined whether the bacterial genera with a relative abundance of >5.0% in the egg/skin samples were present at significantly different abundances in relation to the presence of S. parasitica. The results have shown that some genera, such as Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium, decreased significantly in the presence of the pathogen on the egg surface. On the other hand, some bacterial taxa, such as Acinetobacter and Janthinobacterium, as well as Aeromonas, were more abundant on the diseased eggs and the injured trout skin, respectively. Finally, beta diversity analyses (weighted UniFrac, unweighted UniFrac, Bray-Curtis) have shown that the sampling location (i.e., fish farm), along with S. parasitica infection status, also has a significant influence on the microbial communities' composition on the trout skin and eggs, demonstrating the strong influence of the environment on the shaping of the host surface microbiome. Overall, we have shown that the presence of S. parasitica was associated with changes in the diversity and structure of the trout skin/egg microbiome. The results obtained could support the development of new strategies for the management of saprolegniosis in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Pavić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.); (A.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Sunčana Geček
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Anđela Miljanović
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.); (A.M.); (D.G.)
| | - Dorotea Grbin
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.); (A.M.); (D.G.)
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Bielen
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.P.); (A.M.); (D.G.)
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11
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Cheraghpour M, Fatemi N, Shadnoush M, Talebi G, Tierling S, Bermúdez-Humarán LG. Immunomodulation aspects of gut microbiome-related interventional strategies in colorectal cancer. Med Oncol 2024; 41:231. [PMID: 39162936 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer worldwide, develops mainly due to the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes over many years. Substantial evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays a significant role in the initiation, progression, and control of CRC, depending on the balance between beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms. Nonetheless, gut microbiota composition by regulating the host immune response may either promote or inhibit CRC. Thus, modification of gut microbiota potentially impacts clinical outcomes of immunotherapy. Previous studies have indicated that therapeutic strategies such as probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics enhance the intestinal immune system and improve the efficacy of immunotherapeutic agents, potentially serving as a complementary strategy in cancer immunotherapy. This review discusses the role of the gut microbiota in the onset and development of CRC in relation to the immune response. Additionally, we focus on the effect of strategies manipulating gut microbiome on the immune response and efficacy of immunotherapy against CRC. We demonstrate that manipulation of gut microbiome can enhance immune response and outcomes of immunotherapy through downregulating Treg cells and other immunosuppressive cells while improving the function of T cells within the tumor; however, further research, especially clinical trials, are needed to evaluate its efficacy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makan Cheraghpour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nayeralsadat Fatemi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shadnoush
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Talebi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sascha Tierling
- Department of Genetics/Epigenetics, Faculty NT, Life Sciences, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Luis G Bermúdez-Humarán
- INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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12
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Rogers AWL, Radlinski LC, Nguyen H, Tiffany CR, Carvalho TP, Masson HLP, Goodson ML, Bechtold L, Yamazaki K, Liou MJ, Miller BM, Mahan SP, Young BM, Demars AM, Gretler SR, Larabi AB, Lee JY, Bays DJ, Tsolis RM, Bäumler AJ. Salmonella re-engineers the intestinal environment to break colonization resistance in the presence of a compositionally intact microbiota. Cell Host Microbe 2024:S1931-3128(24)00284-1. [PMID: 39181125 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota prevents harmful microbes from entering the body, a function known as colonization resistance. The enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar (S.) Typhimurium uses its virulence factors to break colonization resistance through unknown mechanisms. Using metabolite profiling and genetic analysis, we show that the initial rise in luminal pathogen abundance was powered by a combination of aerobic respiration and mixed acid fermentation of simple sugars, such as glucose, which resulted in their depletion from the metabolome. The initial rise in the abundance of the pathogen in the feces coincided with a reduction in the cecal concentrations of acetate and butyrate and an increase in epithelial oxygenation. Notably, these changes in the host environment preceded changes in the microbiota composition. We conclude that changes in the host environment can weaken colonization resistance even in the absence of overt compositional changes in the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W L Rogers
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Lauren C Radlinski
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Henry Nguyen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Connor R Tiffany
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Thaynara Parente Carvalho
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hugo L P Masson
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Michael L Goodson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Lalita Bechtold
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kohei Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Megan J Liou
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Brittany M Miller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Scott P Mahan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Briana M Young
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Aurore M Demars
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sophie R Gretler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Anaïs B Larabi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jee-Yon Lee
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Derek J Bays
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Renee M Tsolis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Andreas J Bäumler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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13
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Tanwar H, Gnanasekaran JM, Allison D, Chuang LS, He X, Aimetti M, Baima G, Costalonga M, Cross RK, Sears C, Mehandru S, Cho J, Colombel JF, Raufman JP, Thumbigere-Math V. Unravelling the Oral-Gut Axis: Interconnection Between Periodontitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Current Challenges, and Future Perspective. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:1319-1341. [PMID: 38417137 PMCID: PMC11324343 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
As the opposite ends of the orodigestive tract, the oral cavity and the intestine share anatomical, microbial, and immunological ties that have bidirectional health implications. A growing body of evidence suggests an interconnection between oral pathologies and inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], implying a shift from the traditional concept of independent diseases to a complex, reciprocal cycle. This review outlines the evidence supporting an 'oral-gut' axis, marked by a higher prevalence of periodontitis and other oral conditions in IBD patients and vice versa. We present an in-depth examination of the interconnection between oral pathologies and IBD, highlighting the shared microbiological and immunological pathways, and proposing a 'multi-hit' hypothesis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-mediated intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, the review underscores the critical need for a collaborative approach between dentists and gastroenterologists to provide holistic oral-systemic healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Tanwar
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Devon Allison
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ling-shiang Chuang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuesong He
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Baima
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Costalonga
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Raymond K Cross
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saurabh Mehandru
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judy Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivek Thumbigere-Math
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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14
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Wasan Y, Baxter JAB, Spiegel-Feld C, Begum K, Rizvi A, Iqbal J, Hulst J, Bandsma R, Suleman S, Soofi S, Parkinson J, Bhutta ZA. Elucidating the dynamics and impact of the gut microbiome on maternal nutritional status during pregnancy, effect on pregnancy outcomes and infant health in rural Pakistan: study protocol for a prospective, longitudinal observational study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081629. [PMID: 39134435 PMCID: PMC11331926 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Undernutrition during pregnancy is linked to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes and has downstream effects on the growth and development of children. The gut microbiome has a profound influence on the nutritional status of the host. This phenomenon is understudied in settings with a high prevalence of undernutrition, and further investigation is warranted to better understand such interactions. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a prospective, longitudinal observational study to investigate the relationship between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes in the gut and their association with maternal body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain, and birth and infant outcomes among young mothers (17-24 years) in Matiari District, Pakistan. We aim to enrol 400 pregnant women with low and normal BMIs at the time of recruitment (<16 weeks of gestation). To determine the weight gain during pregnancy, maternal weight is measured in the first and third trimesters. Gut microbiome dynamics (bacterial and eukaryotic) will be assessed using 16S and 18S rDNA surveys applied to the maternal stool samples. Birth outcomes include birth weight, small for gestational age, large for gestational age, preterm birth and mortality. Infant growth and nutritional parameters include WHO z-scores for weight, length and head circumference at birth through infancy. To determine the impact of the maternal microbiome, including exposure to pathogens and parasites on the development of the infant microbiome, we will analyse maternal and infant microbiome composition, micronutrients in serum using metallomics (eg, zinc, magnesium and selenium) and macronutrients in the stool. Metatranscriptomics metabolomics and markers of inflammation will be selectively deployed on stool samples to see the variations in dietary intake and maternal nutritional status. We will also use animal models to explore the bacterial and eukaryotic components of the microbiome. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study is approved by the National Bioethics Committee (NBC) in Pakistan, the Ethics Review Committee (ERC) at Aga Khan University and the Research Ethics Board (REB) at the Hospital for Sick Children, and findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05108675.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqub Wasan
- Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Jo-Anna B Baxter
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carolyn Spiegel-Feld
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kehkashan Begum
- Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Arjumand Rizvi
- Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Iqbal
- Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Jessie Hulst
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Bandsma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shazeen Suleman
- Department of Pediatrics, and Global Health Faculty Fellow, Centre for Innovation in Global Health, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sajid Soofi
- Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - John Parkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Global Health and Development and Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Vaasjo E, Stothart MR, Black SR, Poissant J, Whiteside DP. The impact of management on the fecal microbiome of endangered greater sage-grouse ( Centrocercus urophasianus) in a zoo-based conservation program. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 12:coae052. [PMID: 39113731 PMCID: PMC11304599 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coae052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) are a critically endangered species in Canada with fewer than 140 individuals remaining on native habitats in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan. In 2014, the Wilder Institute/Calgary Zoo initiated North America's only zoo-based conservation breeding program for this species to bolster declining wild populations through conservation reintroductions. Within the managed population of sage-grouse, morbidity and mortality have primarily been associated with intestinal bacterial infections. As a preliminary study to assess the gastrointestinal health of this species in managed care, the fecal bacterial microbiome of adult and juvenile captive sage-grouse was characterized with 16S rRNA sequencing. The composition of the microbiome at the phylum level in greater sage-grouse is consistent with previous studies of the avian microbiome, with Bacillota as the most abundant phyla, and Actinomycetota, Bacteroidota and Pseudomonadota also being highly abundant. Antibiotic use and sex did not have a significant impact on the diversity or composition of the microbiome, but the management of juvenile sage-grouse did influence the development of the microbiome. Juveniles that were raised outdoors under maternal care developed a microbiome much more similar to adults when compared to chicks that were incubated and hand-raised. The local environment and parental care appear to be important factors influencing the diversity and composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Vaasjo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Animal Health Department, Wilder Institute/Calgary Zoo, 1300 Zoo Rd NE, Calgary, AB T2E 7V6, Canada
| | - Mason R Stothart
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Sandra R Black
- Animal Health Department, Wilder Institute/Calgary Zoo, 1300 Zoo Rd NE, Calgary, AB T2E 7V6, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Poissant
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Douglas P Whiteside
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Animal Health Department, Wilder Institute/Calgary Zoo, 1300 Zoo Rd NE, Calgary, AB T2E 7V6, Canada
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16
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Haghani NB, Lampe RH, Samuel BS, Chalasani SH, Matty MA. Identification and characterization of a skin microbiome on Caenorhabditis elegans suggests environmental microbes confer cuticle protection. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0016924. [PMID: 38980017 PMCID: PMC11302229 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00169-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In the wild, C. elegans are emersed in environments teeming with a veritable menagerie of microorganisms. The C. elegans cuticular surface serves as a barrier and first point of contact with their microbial environments. In this study, we identify microbes from C. elegans natural habitats that associate with its cuticle, constituting a simple "skin microbiome." We rear our animals on a modified CeMbio, mCeMbio, a consortium of ecologically relevant microbes. We first combine standard microbiological methods with an adapted micro skin-swabbing tool to describe the skin-resident bacteria on the C. elegans surface. Furthermore, we conduct 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies to identify relative shifts in the proportion of mCeMbio bacteria upon surface-sterilization, implying distinct skin- and gut-microbiomes. We find that some strains of bacteria, including Enterobacter sp. JUb101, are primarily found on the nematode skin, while others like Stenotrophomonas indicatrix JUb19 and Ochrobactrum vermis MYb71 are predominantly found in the animal's gut. Finally, we show that this skin microbiome promotes host cuticle integrity in harsh environments. Together, we identify a skin microbiome for the well-studied nematode model and propose its value in conferring host fitness advantages in naturalized contexts. IMPORTANCE The genetic model organism C. elegans has recently emerged as a tool for understanding host-microbiome interactions. Nearly all of these studies either focus on pathogenic or gut-resident microbes. Little is known about the existence of native, nonpathogenic skin microbes or their function. We demonstrate that members of a modified C. elegans model microbiome, mCeMbio, can adhere to the animal's cuticle and confer protection from noxious environments. We combine a novel micro-swab tool, the first 16S microbial sequencing data from relatively unperturbed C. elegans, and physiological assays to demonstrate microbially mediated protection of the skin. This work serves as a foundation to explore wild C. elegans skin microbiomes and use C. elegans as a model for skin research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia B. Haghani
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Robert H. Lampe
- Microbial and Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Buck S. Samuel
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sreekanth H. Chalasani
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Molly A. Matty
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
- Biology, University of Portland, Portland, Oregon, USA
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17
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Kandel SE, Tooker BC, Lampe JN. Drug metabolism of ciprofloxacin, ivacaftor, and raloxifene by Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytochrome P450 CYP107S1. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107594. [PMID: 39032655 PMCID: PMC11382314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug metabolism is one of the main processes governing the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of drugs via their chemical biotransformation and elimination. In humans, the liver, enriched with cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, plays a major metabolic and detoxification role. The gut microbiome and its complex community of microorganisms can also contribute to some extent to drug metabolism. However, during an infection when pathogenic microorganisms invade the host, our knowledge of the impact on drug metabolism by this pathobiome remains limited. The intrinsic resistance mechanisms and rapid metabolic adaptation to new environments often allow the human bacterial pathogens to persist, despite the many antibiotic therapies available. Here, we demonstrate that a bacterial CYP enzyme, CYP107S1, from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a predominant bacterial pathogen in cystic fibrosis patients, can metabolize multiple drugs from different classes. CYP107S1 demonstrated high substrate promiscuity and allosteric properties much like human hepatic CYP3A4. Our findings demonstrated binding and metabolism by the recombinant CYP107S1 of fluoroquinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and fleroxacin), a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator potentiator (ivacaftor), and a selective estrogen receptor modulator antimicrobial adjuvant (raloxifene). Our in vitro metabolism data were further corroborated by molecular docking of each drug to the heme active site using a CYP107S1 homology model. Our findings raise the potential for microbial pathogens modulating drug concentrations locally at the site of infection, if not systemically, via CYP-mediated biotransformation reactions. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a CYP enzyme from a known bacterial pathogen that is capable of metabolizing clinically utilized drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie E Kandel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Brian C Tooker
- Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Jed N Lampe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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18
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Caetano‐Silva ME, Shrestha A, Duff AF, Kontic D, Brewster PC, Kasperek MC, Lin C, Wainwright DA, Hernandez‐Saavedra D, Woods JA, Bailey MT, Buford TW, Allen JM. Aging amplifies a gut microbiota immunogenic signature linked to heightened inflammation. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14190. [PMID: 38725282 PMCID: PMC11320341 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with low-grade inflammation that increases the risk of infection and disease, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Gut microbiota composition shifts with age, harboring microbes with varied immunogenic capacities. We hypothesized the gut microbiota acts as an active driver of low-grade inflammation during aging. Microbiome patterns in aged mice strongly associated with signs of bacterial-induced barrier disruption and immune infiltration, including marked increased levels of circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP) and colonic calprotectin. Ex vivo immunogenicity assays revealed that both colonic contents and mucosa of aged mice harbored increased capacity to activate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) whereas TLR5 signaling was unchanged. We found patterns of elevated innate inflammatory signaling (colonic Il6, Tnf, and Tlr4) and endotoxemia (circulating LBP) in young germ-free mice after 4 weeks of colonization with intestinal contents from aged mice compared with young counterparts, thus providing a direct link between aging-induced shifts in microbiota immunogenicity and host inflammation. Additionally, we discovered that the gut microbiota of aged mice exhibited unique responses to a broad-spectrum antibiotic challenge (Abx), with sustained elevation in Escherichia (Proteobacteria) and altered TLR5 immunogenicity 7 days post-Abx cessation. Together, these data indicate that old age results in a gut microbiota that differentially acts on TLR signaling pathways of the innate immune system. We found that these age-associated microbiota immunogenic signatures are less resilient to challenge and strongly linked to host inflammatory status. Gut microbiota immunogenic signatures should be thus considered as critical factors in mediating chronic inflammatory diseases disproportionally impacting older populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Caetano‐Silva
- Department of Health and KinesiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Akriti Shrestha
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Audrey F. Duff
- Center for Microbial PathogenesisNationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Danica Kontic
- Center for Microbial PathogenesisNationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Patricia C. Brewster
- Department of Health and KinesiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Mikaela C. Kasperek
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Chia‐Hao Lin
- Department of Health and KinesiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Derek A. Wainwright
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Neurological SurgeryLoyola University Chicago, Stritch School of MedicineMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Diego Hernandez‐Saavedra
- Department of Health and KinesiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Jeffrey A. Woods
- Department of Health and KinesiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Michael T. Bailey
- Center for Microbial PathogenesisNationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Thomas W. Buford
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Birmingham/Atlanta VA GRECCBirmingham VA Medical CenterBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jacob M. Allen
- Department of Health and KinesiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
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Goya-Jorge E, Gonza I, Bondue P, Druart G, Al-Chihab M, Boutaleb S, Douny C, Taminiau B, Daube G, Scippo ML, Thonart P, Delcenserie V. Unveiling the influence of a probiotic combination of Heyndrickxia coagulans and Lacticaseibacillus casei on healthy human gut microbiota using the TripleSHIME® system. Microbiol Res 2024; 285:127778. [PMID: 38823185 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics are host-friendly microorganisms that can have important health benefits in the human gut microbiota as dietary supplements. Maintaining a healthy gut microbial balance relies on the intricate interplay among the intestinal microbiota, metabolic activities, and the host's immune response. This study aims to explore if a mixture of Heyndrickxia coagulans [ATB-BCS-042] and Lacticaseibacillus casei [THT-030-401] promotes in vitro this balance in representative gut microbiota from healthy individuals using the Triple-SHIME® (Simulation of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem). Metataxonomic analysis of the intestinal microbes revealed that the probiotic mix was not causing important disruptions in the biodiversity or microbial composition of the three simulated microbiota. However, some targeted populations analyzed by qPCR were found to be disrupted at the end of the probiotic treatment or after one week of washout. Populations such as Cluster IV, Cluster XVIa, and Roseburia spp., were increased indicating a potential gut health-promoting butyrogenic effect of the probiotic supplementation. In two of the systems, bifidogenic effects were observed, while in the third, the treatment caused a decrease in bifidobacteria. For the health-detrimental biomarker Escherichia-Shigella, a mild decrease in all systems was observed in the proximal colon sections, but these genera were highly increased in the distal colon sections. By the end of the washout, Bacteroides-Prevotella was found consistently boosted, which could have inflammatory consequences in the intestinal context. Although the probiotics had minimal influence on most quantified metabolites, ammonia consistently decreased after one week of daily probiotic supplementation. In reporter gene assays, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation was favored by the metabolic output obtained from post-treatment periods. Exposure of a human intestinal cell model to fermentation supernatant obtained after probiotic supplementation induced a trend to decrease the mRNA expression of immunomodulatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8). Overall, with some exceptions, a positive impact of H. coagulans and L. casei probiotic mix was observed in the three parallel experiments, despite inter-individual differences. This study might serve as an in vitro pipeline for the impact assessment of probiotic combinations on the human gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Goya-Jorge
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium; Intestinal Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
| | - Irma Gonza
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Pauline Bondue
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Germain Druart
- Lacto Research sprl., Rue Herman Meganck 21, Gembloux-les Isnes 5032, Belgium.
| | - Mohamed Al-Chihab
- Lacto Research sprl., Rue Herman Meganck 21, Gembloux-les Isnes 5032, Belgium.
| | - Samiha Boutaleb
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Caroline Douny
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Bernard Taminiau
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Georges Daube
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Thonart
- Lacto Research sprl., Rue Herman Meganck 21, Gembloux-les Isnes 5032, Belgium.
| | - Véronique Delcenserie
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
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Fermin D, Alshammari S, Morgadinho J, Halverson T, Anwar S, Senthilselvan A, Alagiakrishnan K. Investigating the Knowledge of Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Synbiotics That May Help to Improve the Gut-Organ Axis Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Cureus 2024; 16:e66994. [PMID: 39161553 PMCID: PMC11333028 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.66994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The use of gut biotics, including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, has shown substantial potential in the management of various health conditions possibly through the gut-organ axis. The role of gut biotics in modulating the gut-brain axis is becoming evident with more research focusing on this intervention. Improvement of gut-organ axis function is possible by using food-related products called gut biotics. However, there is limited comprehension of the knowledge and use of these intestinal or gut biotics. Our aim was to recognize knowledge gaps and assess the improvement of understanding following an education intervention. METHODS A single-arm study encompassing a convenient sample of 161 inpatient and outpatient subjects aged 50 years and older was conducted at the University of Alberta Hospital from June to August 2023. Knowledge about gut biotics was evaluated using a structured questionnaire consisting of 16 questions and involving six thematic areas. To ensure validity, the questionnaire was pre-tested on 10 physicians and residents who were not part of the study. The questionnaire was administered to study subjects prior to receiving an information sheet about gut biotics. Two weeks after receiving the information sheet, all participants were contacted by phone, and the same questionnaire was administered again. Of the 161 patients, 122 completed the pre-intervention and post-intervention questionnaires and were considered in the analysis. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 72 years (SD: 10.8), 57% comprised women, and 39% had less than a high school education. The proportion of polypharmacy and multimorbidity was 87% and 97%, respectively. Following the intervention, there was a noticeable enhancement in knowledge across all the themes, with statistical significance (p<0.001) observed in 14 out of 16 questions as determined by the homogeneity statistical test. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge gaps in gut biotics were prevalent among study participants, and the educational intervention effectively contributed to the enhancement of knowledge. The results of this study provide valuable information for the development of targeted health education strategies focusing on gut biotics, which may play a role in improving gut-organ axis function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Saifal Anwar
- General Internal Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CAN
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21
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Zugman M, Wong M, Jaime-Casas S, Pal SK. The gut microbiome and dietary metabolites in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2024:S1078-1439(24)00540-4. [PMID: 39095306 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is interlinked with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its response to systemic treatment. Mounting data suggests that certain elements of the gut microbiome may correlate with improved outcomes. New generation sequencing techniques and advanced bioinformatic data curation are accelerating the investigation of specific markers and metabolites that could predict treatment response. A variety of new therapeutic strategies, such as fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotic supplements, and dietary interventions, are currently being developed to modify the gut microbiome and improve anticancer therapies in patients with RCC. This review discusses the preliminary evidence indicating the role of the microbiome in cancer treatment, the techniques and tools necessary for its proper study and some of the current forms with which the microbiome can be modulated to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Zugman
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA; Centro de Oncologia e Hematologia Família Dayan-Daycoval Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Megan Wong
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Salvador Jaime-Casas
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
| | - Sumanta K Pal
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA.
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22
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Amaral AR, Rentas MF, Rosa TCT, Pereira TAE, Marchi PH, Teixeira FA, Filho FDOR, Putarov TC, Cogliati B, Vendramini THA, Balieiro JCDC, Brunetto MA. Microbiota in Mild Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Can Be Modulated by Beta-Glucans and Mannanoligosaccharides: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Study in Dogs. Vet Sci 2024; 11:349. [PMID: 39195803 PMCID: PMC11359447 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11080349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in dogs is the most common chronic gastrointestinal disease in dogs. Its etiology evolves an aberrant immunological response towards food antigens and indigenous bacteria in the gut bacteria and, consequently, dysbiosis. Prebiotics provide substrates for the growth of beneficial bacteria and promote the production of beneficial fermentation products. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral supplementations of beta-glucans and mannanoligosaccharides (MOSs) over 60 days in fecal microbiota and fecal concentrations of fermentation products in dogs with mild IBD. Eighteen dogs with mild IBD were divided into three experimental groups in a blinded and randomized manner: A-dogs received 0.1% of a beta-glucan-based prebiotic, B-dogs received 0.1% of a MOS + beta-glucan-based prebiotic, and C-dogs received 0.1% of a placebo. Fecal microbiota was analyzed using the latest generation 16S rRNA sequencing (Illumina®). Relative abundances of each taxon were analyzed using a generalized linear model, and fermentation products using a mixed model. A significance level of p was used. The prebiotics positively modulated the bacterial population of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Treatment A improved alpha diversity and populations of beneficial bacteria. Beta-glucan supplementation for 60 days had beneficial effects on modulating intestinal microbiota in dogs with mild IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Rodrigues Amaral
- Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (A.R.A.); (T.C.T.R.); (T.A.E.P.); (F.A.T.)
| | - Mariana Fragoso Rentas
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (M.F.R.); (P.H.M.); (J.C.d.C.B.)
| | - Thais Caroline Taveira Rosa
- Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (A.R.A.); (T.C.T.R.); (T.A.E.P.); (F.A.T.)
| | - Thais Araújo Esteves Pereira
- Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (A.R.A.); (T.C.T.R.); (T.A.E.P.); (F.A.T.)
| | - Pedro Henrique Marchi
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (M.F.R.); (P.H.M.); (J.C.d.C.B.)
| | - Fabio Alves Teixeira
- Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (A.R.A.); (T.C.T.R.); (T.A.E.P.); (F.A.T.)
| | | | | | - Bruno Cogliati
- Pathology Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil;
| | - Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini
- Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (A.R.A.); (T.C.T.R.); (T.A.E.P.); (F.A.T.)
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (M.F.R.); (P.H.M.); (J.C.d.C.B.)
| | - Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (M.F.R.); (P.H.M.); (J.C.d.C.B.)
| | - Marcio Antonio Brunetto
- Veterinary Nutrology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil; (A.R.A.); (T.C.T.R.); (T.A.E.P.); (F.A.T.)
- Pet Nutrology Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (M.F.R.); (P.H.M.); (J.C.d.C.B.)
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Wang S, Tan X, Cheng J, Liu Z, Zhou H, Liao J, Wang X, Liu H. Oral microbiome and its relationship with oral cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:1141-1149. [PMID: 39206975 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_44_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT As the initial point for digestion, the balance of oral microorganisms plays an important role in maintaining local and systemic health. Oral dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the oral microbial community, may lead to the onset of various diseases. The presence or abnormal increase of microbes in the oral cavity has attracted significant attention due to its complicated relationship with oral cancer. Oral cancer can remodel microbial profiles by creating a more beneficial microenvironment for its progression. On the other hand, altered microbial profiles can promote tumorigenesis by evoking a complex inflammatory response and affecting host immunity. This review analyzes the oncogenic potential of oral microbiome alterations as a driver and biomarker. Additionally, a potentially therapeutic strategy via the reversal of the oral microbiome dysbiosis in oral cancers has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengran Wang
- School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning Hubei, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning Hubei, China
| | - Zeyang Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning Hubei, China
| | - Huiping Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning Hubei, China
| | - Jiyuan Liao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning Hubei, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning Hubei, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning Hubei, China
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Gu X, Liao S, Li M, Wang J, Tan B. Chloroquine Downregulation of Intestinal Autophagy Changed Intestinal Microbial Community Compositions and Metabolite Profiles in Piglets. Vet Sci 2024; 11:333. [PMID: 39195787 PMCID: PMC11360670 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11080333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that moderate inhibition of intestinal autophagy was beneficial to alleviate early weaning stress in piglets, but the detailed mechanism behind this was unclear. Microbiota-mediated enterocyte autophagy helps maintain intestinal homeostasis. This study investigated the effects of inhibition or activation of autophagy in intestinal microbial community compositions and metabolite profiles in piglets. Eighteen 24-day-old weaned piglets were divided into three groups (each treatment of six piglets) and treated daily with rapamycin (RAPA), chloroquine (CQ) or a control volume of normal saline (CON group). Before the formal trial, the piglets were allowed to acclimatize for 3 days, and then the trial period was 14 days. Collected samples from the ileum and colon underwent 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolite analysis. Significant differences in microbial composition were observed in both the ileum and colon of the RAPA and CQ groups compared to the CON group (p < 0.05). In addition, the relative levels of abundance of Peptostreptococcus, Fusobacterium, Dialister, Selenomonas and Oceanobacillus in the ileum and Porphyromonas, Bacteroides, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae, Akkermansia, Sharpea, Peptococcus, Pseudoalteromonas, Peptoclostridium and unidentified_Acidobacteria in the colon were improved in piglets fed the RAPA diet, whereas the relative levels of abundance of Turicibacter, Rickettsiella and Sarcina in the ileum and Roseburia and Kroppenstedtia in the colon were enhanced in the CQ group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, metabolomic analysis showed that there were significant differences in metabolites among all groups (p < 0.05), and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the ABC transporters and biosynthesis of amino acids pathways. Furthermore, these metabolites were closely related to differential microorganisms (p < 0.05). Overall, autophagy inhibition regulates the composition of intestinal microorganisms and their metabolites, and these differential metabolites are significantly correlated with differential intestinal microorganisms, which may in turn affect the production performance of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Gu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Simeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Meng Li
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Bie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.G.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
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25
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Kiefer ZE, Koester LR, Studer JM, Schmitz-Esser S, Ross JW. Evaluation of fecal microbiota of late gestation sows in relation to pelvic organ prolapse risk. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1384583. [PMID: 39113840 PMCID: PMC11303877 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1384583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sow mortality in the U.S. swine industry has increased in recent years, for which pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a major contributor, accounting for 21% of all sow mortality. Dysbiosis of microbial communities has been associated with disease and reproductive dysfunction in several species, and previous studies have shown changes in vaginal microbiota in sows with increased risk for POP during late gestation. However, there is insufficient knowledge surrounding the potential relationship between fecal microbiota and POP in sows. Therefore, the study objective was to identify differences in sow fecal microbiota and determine if fecal and vaginal microbial communities are correlated in relation to POP risk. Methods Sows were evaluated for POP risk using an established perineal scoring system, with a perineal score (PS) of 1 (PS1) presuming little to no risk of POP to a PS of 3 (PS3) presuming high risk of POP. In the current study, 2,864 sows were scored during gestation week 15, and 1.0%, 2.7%, and 23.4% of PS1, PS2, and PS3 sows, respectively, subsequently experienced POP. Fecal swabs (n = 215) were collected between gestation days 108-115, DNA was extracted, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing libraries were analyzed using mothur, phyloseq and SAS in reference to PS and POP outcome. Additionally, co-occurrence networks were constructed using CoNet to compare fecal and vaginal microbiota from the same cohort of sows and identify correlations between different taxa. Results Differences in fecal community composition (PERMANOVA; P < 0.05), structure (alpha diversity measurements; P < 0.05), and 13 individual operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were revealed between PS1 and PS3 assigned sows. No differences in fecal microbiota were detected as a result of POP outcome. However, the abundances of several taxa were correlated across sample collection sites, suggesting the fecal and vaginal microbial communities may be related to one another. Discussion Collectively, fewer differences in the fecal microbiota exist in sows with differing risk for POP compared to the vaginal microbiota, suggesting the vaginal microbiome may be more relevant in relation to POP outcome, although correlations between fecal and vaginal communities may provide insight for strategies to combat POP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë E. Kiefer
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Lucas R. Koester
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jamie M. Studer
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Stephan Schmitz-Esser
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Interdepartmental Microbiology Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Jason W. Ross
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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DeCandia AL, Adeduro L, Thacher P, Crosier A, Marinari P, Bortner R, Garelle D, Livieri T, Santymire R, Comizzoli P, Maslanka M, Maldonado JE, Koepfli KP, Muletz-Wolz C, Bornbusch SL. Gut bacterial composition shows sex-specific shifts during breeding season in ex situ managed black-footed ferrets. J Hered 2024; 115:385-398. [PMID: 37886904 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome of mammals engages in a dynamic relationship with the body and contributes to numerous physiological processes integral to overall health. Understanding the factors shaping animal-associated bacterial communities is therefore paramount to the maintenance and management in ex situ wildlife populations. Here, we characterized the gut microbiome of 48 endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) housed at Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute (Front Royal, Virginia, USA). We collected longitudinal fecal samples from males and females across two distinct reproductive seasons to consider the role of host sex and reproductive physiology in shaping bacterial communities, as measured using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Within each sex, gut microbial composition differed between breeding and non-breeding seasons, with five bacterial taxa emerging as differentially abundant. Between sexes, female and male microbiomes were similar during non-breeding season but significantly different during breeding season, which may result from sex-specific physiological changes associated with breeding. Finally, we found low overall diversity consistent with other mammalian carnivores alongside high relative abundances of potentially pathogenic microbes such as Clostridium, Escherichia, Paeniclostridium, and (to a lesser degree) Enterococcus-all of which have been associated with gastrointestinal or reproductive distress in mammalian hosts, including black-footed ferrets. We recommend further study of these microbes and possible therapeutic interventions to promote more balanced microbial communities. These results have important implications for ex situ management practices that can improve the gut microbial health and long-term viability of black-footed ferrets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L DeCandia
- Biology Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Laura Adeduro
- Biology Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Piper Thacher
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
- Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation, George Mason University, Front Royal, VA, United States
| | - Adrienne Crosier
- Center for Animal Care Sciences, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, United States
| | - Paul Marinari
- Center for Animal Care Sciences, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, United States
| | - Robyn Bortner
- National Black-Footed Ferret Conservation Center, Carr, CO, United States
| | - Della Garelle
- National Black-Footed Ferret Conservation Center, Carr, CO, United States
| | - Travis Livieri
- Prairie Wildlife Research, Stevens Point, WI, United States
| | - Rachel Santymire
- Biology Department, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Pierre Comizzoli
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, United States
| | - Michael Maslanka
- Department of Nutrition Science, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jesús E Maldonado
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Klaus-Peter Koepfli
- Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation, George Mason University, Front Royal, VA, United States
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, United States
| | - Carly Muletz-Wolz
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Sally L Bornbusch
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Nutrition Science, Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, United States
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Ansari U, Ansari F, Nadora D, Omid A, Omid A, Alam M, Nadora D, Lui F. Implications of the Gut Microbiota for Brain Function and Behavior in Schizophrenia. Cureus 2024; 16:e64340. [PMID: 39131005 PMCID: PMC11316569 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, cognitive impairments, and emotional dysregulation. This psychiatric illness is often resistant to treatment. This literature review aims to analyze the relationship between this complex psychological disorder and the gut microbiota found within the human body. The brain and gut are interconnected, and emerging research suggests a link between gut dysbiosis and schizophrenia. Gut dysbiosis refers to an imbalance or disruption in the composition and function of the gut microbiome. The studies comparing the gut microbiota of patients with schizophrenia to those without highlight significant differences at the phylum and genus levels, providing evidence of gut microbiome alteration. The lack of diversity of microbiota in schizophrenia patients can be altered and improved to a healthier microbiome by way of dietary intervention. Interventions that target the gut-brain axis, such as dietary probiotics or prebiotics, may help alleviate certain symptoms of schizophrenia and help improve patients' well-being. Understanding the complex interplay between gut microbiome health and schizophrenia may allow for the development of targeted interventions that alter the gut microbiome of patients with schizophrenia and, in turn, mitigate their symptoms and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaid Ansari
- Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, USA
| | | | - Dawnica Nadora
- Dermatology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, USA
| | - Arman Omid
- Gastroenterology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, USA
| | - Alexi Omid
- Gastroenterology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, USA
| | - Meraj Alam
- Psychiatry, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, USA
| | - Denise Nadora
- Neurology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, USA
| | - Forshing Lui
- Clinical Sciences, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, USA
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Cheong KL, Liu K, Chen W, Zhong S, Tan K. Recent progress in Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharides: Extraction, purification, structural insights, and their impact on gastrointestinal health and oxidative stress management. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101414. [PMID: 38711774 PMCID: PMC11070828 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyra haitanensis, a red seaweed species, represents a bountiful and sustainable marine resource. P. haitanensis polysaccharide (PHP), has garnered considerable attention for its numerous health benefits. However, the comprehensive utilization of PHP on an industrial scale has been limited by the lack of comprehensive information. In this review, we endeavor to discuss and summarize recent advancements in PHP extraction, purification, and characterization. We emphasize the multifaceted mechanisms through which PHP promotes gastrointestinal health. Furthermore, we present a summary of compelling evidence supporting PHP's protective role against oxidative stress. This includes its demonstrated potent antioxidant properties, its ability to neutralize free radicals, and its capacity to enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The information presented here also lays the theoretical groundwork for future research into the structural and functional aspects of PHP, as well as its potential applications in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit-Leong Cheong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Prefabricated Seafood Processing and Quality Control, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Keying Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Prefabricated Seafood Processing and Quality Control, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Prefabricated Seafood Processing and Quality Control, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Prefabricated Seafood Processing and Quality Control, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Karsoon Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
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29
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Aruwa CE, Sabiu S. Interplay of poultry-microbiome interactions - influencing factors and microbes in poultry infections and metabolic disorders. Br Poult Sci 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38920059 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2356666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
1. The poultry microbiome and its stability at every point in time, either free range or reared under different farming systems, is affected by several environmental and innate factors. The interaction of the poultry birds with their microbiome, as well as several inherent and extraneous factors contribute to the microbiome dynamics. A poor understanding of this could worsen poultry heath and result in disease/metabolic disorders.2. Many diseased states associated with poultry have been linked to dysbiosis state, where the microbiome experiences some perturbation. Dysbiosis itself is too often downplayed; however, it is considered a disease which could lead to more serious conditions in poultry. The management of interconnected factors by conventional and emerging technologies (sequencing, nanotechnology, robotics, 3D mini-guts) could prove to be indispensable in ensuring poultry health and welfare.3. Findings showed that high-throughput technological advancements enhanced scientific insights into emerging trends surrounding the poultry gut microbiome and ecosystem, the dysbiotic condition, and the dynamic roles of intrinsic and exogenous factors in determining poultry health. Yet, a combination of conventional, -omics based and other techniques further enhance characterisation of key poultry microbiome actors, their mechanisms of action, and roles in maintaining gut homoeostasis and health, in a bid to avert metabolic disorders and infections.4. In conclusion, there is an important interplay of innate, environmental, abiotic and biotic factors impacting on poultry gut microbiome homoeostasis, dysbiosis, and overall health. Associated infections and metabolic disorders can result from the interconnected nature of these factors. Emerging concepts (interkingdom or network signalling and neurotransmitter), and future technologies (mini-gut models, cobots) need to include these interactions to ensure accurate control and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Aruwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - S Sabiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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30
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Zhao Y, Li C, Wu K, Chen H, Wang Q, Xiao Y, Yao S, Hong A, Zhang M, Lei S, Yang W, Zhong S, Umar A, Huang J, Yu Z. Exploring the Impact of Short Term Travel on Gut Microbiota and Probiotic Bacteria Mediated Stability. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1378. [PMID: 39061954 PMCID: PMC11274169 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Although travelers are frequently accompanied by abdominal discomfort and even diarrhea, not every trip can cause this issue. Many studies have reported that intestinal microbes play an important role in it. However, little is known about the reason for the dynamics of these intestinal microbes. Here, we delved into the effects of short-term travel on the gut microbiota of 12 healthy individuals. A total of 72 fecal samples collected before and after one-week travel, alongside non-traveling controls, underwent amplicon sequencing and a series of bioinformatic analyses. We found that travel significantly increased intra-individual gut microbiota fluctuations without diarrhea symptoms. In addition, the initial composition of the gut microbiota before travel emerged as a crucial factor in understanding these fluctuations. Travelers with stable microbiota exhibited an enrichment of specific probiotic bacteria (Agathobaculum, Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Lactobacillus) before travel. Another batch of data validated their predictive role in distinguishing travelers with and without the gut microbial disorder. This work provided valuable insights into understanding the relationship between gut microbiota and travel. It offered a microbiota-centric perspective and a potential avenue for interventions to preserve gut health during travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Chunyan Li
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Kaijuan Wu
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (K.W.); (A.H.); (W.Y.); (S.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Hao Chen
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (K.W.); (A.H.); (W.Y.); (S.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Qingqun Wang
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Ying Xiao
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Siqi Yao
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Ao Hong
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (K.W.); (A.H.); (W.Y.); (S.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Man Zhang
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Shibo Lei
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Wenyu Yang
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (K.W.); (A.H.); (W.Y.); (S.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Shukun Zhong
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (K.W.); (A.H.); (W.Y.); (S.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Abdulrahim Umar
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Jing Huang
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (K.W.); (A.H.); (W.Y.); (S.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Zheng Yu
- Human Microbiome and Health Group, Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (H.C.); (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (S.Y.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (A.U.)
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31
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Ludgate ME, Masetti G, Soares P. The relationship between the gut microbiota and thyroid disorders. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01003-w. [PMID: 38906998 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Disorders of the thyroid gland are common, more prevalent in women than in men, and range from inflammatory to neoplastic lesions. Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) affect 2-5% of the population, while thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine malignancy. Treatment for AITD is still restricted to management rather than prevention or cure. Progress has been made in identifying genetic variants that predispose to AITD and thyroid cancer, but the increasing prevalence of all thyroid disorders indicates that factors other than genes are involved. The gut microbiota, which begins to develop before birth, is highly sensitive to diet and the environment, providing a potential mechanism for non-communicable diseases to become communicable. Its functions extend beyond maintenance of gut integrity: the gut microbiota regulates the immune system, contributes to thyroid hormone metabolism and can generate or catabolize carcinogens, all of which are relevant to AITD and thyroid cancer. Observational and interventional studies in animal models support a role for the gut microbiota in AITD, which has been confirmed in some reports from human cohorts, although considerable geographic variation is apparent. Reports of a role for the microbiota in thyroid cancer are more limited, but evidence supports a relationship between gut dysbiosis and thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paula Soares
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto (I3S), Porto, Portugal
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32
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Saha B, A T R, Adhikary S, Banerjee A, Radhakrishnan AK, Duttaroy AK, Pathak S. Exploring the Relationship Between Diet, Lifestyle and Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer Development: A Recent Update. Nutr Cancer 2024; 76:789-814. [PMID: 39207359 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2367266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite advances in treatment modalities, its prevalence continues to rise, notably among younger populations. Unhealthy dietary habits, sedentary routines, and obesity have been identified as one of the key contributors to the development of colorectal cancer, apart from genetic and epigenetic modifications. Recognizing the profound impact of diet and lifestyle on the intricate gut microbiota ecosystem offers a promising avenue for understanding CRC development and its treatment. Gut dysbiosis, characterized by imbalances favoring harmful microbes over beneficial ones, has emerged as a defining feature of CRC. Changes in diet and lifestyle can profoundly alter the composition of gut microbes and the metabolites they produce, potentially contributing to CRC onset. Focusing on recent evidence, this review discussed various dietary factors, such as high consumption of red and processed meats and low fiber intake, and lifestyle factors, including obesity, lack of physical activity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption, that influence the gut microbiome composition and elevate CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biki Saha
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Rithi A T
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Subhamay Adhikary
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Arun Kumar Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chennai, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
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Fischer F, Pierzchalski A, Riesbeck S, Aldehoff AS, Castaneda-Monsalve VA, Haange SB, von Bergen M, Rolle-Kampczyk UE, Jehmlich N, Zenclussen AC, Herberth G. An in vitro model system for testing chemical effects on microbiome-immune interactions - examples with BPX and PFAS mixtures. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1298971. [PMID: 38953021 PMCID: PMC11215145 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1298971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction More than 350,000 chemicals make up the chemical universe that surrounds us every day. The impact of this vast array of compounds on our health is still poorly understood. Manufacturers are required to carry out toxicological studies, for example on the reproductive or nervous systems, before putting a new substance on the market. However, toxicological safety does not exclude effects resulting from chronic exposure to low doses or effects on other potentially affected organ systems. This is the case for the microbiome-immune interaction, which is not yet included in any safety studies. Methods A high-throughput in vitro model was used to elucidate the potential effects of environmental chemicals and chemical mixtures on microbiome-immune interactions. Therefore, a simplified human intestinal microbiota (SIHUMIx) consisting of eight bacterial species was cultured in vitro in a bioreactor that partially mimics intestinal conditions. The bacteria were continuously exposed to mixtures of representative and widely distributed environmental chemicals, i.e. bisphenols (BPX) and/or per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at concentrations of 22 µM and 4 µM, respectively. Furthermore, changes in the immunostimulatory potential of exposed microbes were investigated using a co-culture system with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results The exposure to BPX, PFAS or their mixture did not influence the community structure and the riboflavin production of SIHUMIx in vitro. However, it altered the potential of the consortium to stimulate human immune cells: in particular, activation of CD8+ MAIT cells was affected by the exposure to BPX- and PFAS mixtures-treated bacteria. Discussion The present study provides a model to investigate how environmental chemicals can indirectly affect immune cells via exposed microbes. It contributes to the much-needed knowledge on the effects of EDCs on an organ system that has been little explored in this context, especially from the perspective of cumulative exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Fischer
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arkadiusz Pierzchalski
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Riesbeck
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alix Sarah Aldehoff
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Nico Jehmlich
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Perinatal Immunology, Medical Faculty, Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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34
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Qi P, Wang L. Effect of Adding Yeast Cultures to High-Grain Conditions on Production Performance, Rumen Fermentation Profile, Microbial Abundance, and Immunity in Goats. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1799. [PMID: 38929418 PMCID: PMC11200607 DOI: 10.3390/ani14121799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
It is a common practice among farmers to utilize high-grain diets with the intention of promoting ruminant growth. However, this approach bears the risk of inducing rumen disorders and nutrient metabolism diseases. Yeast culture (YC) showed advantages in ruminant applications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of adding two different types of YC to high-grain conditions on production performance, rumen fermentation profile, microbial abundance, and immunity in goats. A total of 30 male goats with similar body condition were randomly distributed into 3 dietary treatments with 10 replicates per treatment as follows: basic diet group (CON); basic diet + 0.5% yeast culture 1 (YC1) group; basic diet + 0.5% yeast culture 2 (YC2) group. The trial lasted for 36 days. The results demonstrated that dietary YC supplementation led to an increase in the average daily gain and a reduction in feed intake and weight gain ratio in goats. It increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein, NDF, and ADF (p < 0.05). The serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in the control group were significantly higher than those of the YC groups (p < 0.05). The serum concentrations of Immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG in the control group were significantly lower than those in the YC groups (p < 0.05). The rumen concentration of microbial protein (MCP) in the control group was significantly lower than that in the YC groups (p < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between the concentration of IL-10 and Bacteroidota, Spirochaetota, and Succinivibrio, while there was a positive correlation between concentrations of IL-10 and Firmicutes. Nevertheless, discrepancies were observed in the impact of the two different types of YC on the physiological and biochemical indicators of the animals. The concentration of triglyceride in the YC1 group was significantly higher than that of the CON and YC2 groups, while the concentration of urea in the YC2 group was significantly higher than that of the CON and YC1 groups (p < 0.05). At the phylum level, the addition of YC2 to the diet significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidota and Fibrobacterota and significantly decreased Firmicutes compared to the control. At the genus level, the addition of YC1 to the HGD significantly reduced the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, while the addition of YC2 to the HGD significantly increased the relative abundance of Prevotellace-ae_UCG-001, Fibrobacter, and Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 (p < 0.05). The addition of YC significantly improved growth performance, increased nutrient digestibility, beneficially manipulated ruminal fermentation and microbial diversity, and improved immune function. The choice of yeast cultures can be customized according to specific production conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lizhi Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
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Ozcan G, Tanyolaç Talay ZG, Paerhati E, Eren OC, Coskun N, Sahin D, Alnajjar I, Albayrak O, Gursoy A, Keskin O, Celik E, Can F. Dysbiosis in pregnant mice induced by transfer of human vaginal microbiota followed by reversal of pathological changes in the uterus and placenta via progesterone treatment. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:427. [PMID: 38877443 PMCID: PMC11177491 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06595-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The vaginal microbiota dysbiosis induces inflammation in the uterus that triggers tissue damage and is associated with preterm birth. Progesterone is used to prevent labor in pregnant women at risk of preterm birth. However, the mechanism of action of progesterone still needs to be clarified. We aimed to show the immunomodulatory effect of progesterone on the inflammation of uterine tissue triggered by dysbiotic vaginal microbiota in a pregnant mouse model. METHODS Healthy (n = 6) and dysbiotic (n = 7) vaginal microbiota samples isolated from pregnant women were transferred to control (n = 10) and dysbiotic (n = 14) pregnant mouse groups. The dysbiotic microbiota transferred group was treated with 1 mg progesterone (n = 7). Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry analyses were used to evaluate inflammatory processes. Vaginal microbiota samples were analyzed by 16 S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS Vaginal exposure to dysbiotic microbiota resulted in macrophage accumulation in the uterus and cellular damage in the placenta. Even though TNF and IL-6 elevations were not significant after dysbiotic microbiota transplantation, progesterone treatment decreased TNF and IL-6 expressions from 49.085 to 31.274% (p = 0.0313) and 29.279-21.216% (p = 0.0167), respectively. Besides, the macrophage density in the uterus was reduced, and less cellular damage in the placenta was observed. CONCLUSION Analyzing the vaginal microbiota before or during pregnancy may support the decision for initiation of progesterone therapy. Our results also guide the development of new strategies for preventing preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulin Ozcan
- Koç University İşBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Istanbul, Turkey
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zeynep Gülçe Tanyolaç Talay
- Koç University İşBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Istanbul, Turkey
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ozgur Can Eren
- Koç University İşBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilhan Coskun
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Experimental Animals Laboratory, Embryo Research Laboratory, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Sahin
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Iman Alnajjar
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Albayrak
- Koç University Hospital Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Attila Gursoy
- College of Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Keskin
- College of Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Celik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fusun Can
- Koç University İşBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Istanbul, Turkey.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Naik B, Sasikumar J, Das SP. From Skin and Gut to the Brain: The Infectious Journey of the Human Commensal Fungus Malassezia and Its Neurological Consequences. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04270-w. [PMID: 38871941 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04270-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The human mycobiome encompasses diverse communities of fungal organisms residing within the body and has emerged as a critical player in shaping health and disease. While extensive research has focused on the skin and gut mycobiome, recent investigations have pointed toward the potential role of fungal organisms in neurological disorders. Among those fungal organisms, the presence of the commensal fungus Malassezia in the brain has created curiosity because of its commensal nature and primary association with the human skin and gut. This budding yeast is responsible for several diseases, such as Seborrheic dermatitis, Atopic dermatitis, Pityriasis versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, dandruff, and others. However recent findings surprisingly show the presence of Malassezia DNA in the brain and have been linked to diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple sclerosis, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The exact role of Malassezia in these disorders is unknown, but its ability to infect human cells, travel through the bloodstream, cross the blood-brain barrier, and reside along with the lipid-rich neuronal cells are potential mechanisms responsible for pathogenesis. This also includes the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, gut-microbe interaction, and accumulation of metabolic changes in the brain environment. In this review, we discuss these key findings from studies linking Malassezia to neurological disorders, emphasizing the complex and multifaceted nature of these cases. Furthermore, we discuss potential mechanisms through which Malassezia might contribute to the development of neurological conditions. Future investigations will open up new avenues for our understanding of the fungal gut-brain axis and how it influences human behavior. Collaborative research efforts among microbiologists, neuroscientists, immunologists, and clinicians hold promise for unraveling the enigmatic connections between human commensal Malassezia and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Naik
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Jayaprakash Sasikumar
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Shankar Prasad Das
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India.
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Pal BB, Bandagi RV, Pebbili KK, Rathod R, Kotak B, Dhanaki G, Shah S. Effectiveness of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 in Adult Indian Patients with Diarrhoea: A Real-world, Multicentre, Retrospective, Comparative Study. Drugs Real World Outcomes 2024; 11:309-316. [PMID: 38581564 PMCID: PMC11176121 DOI: 10.1007/s40801-024-00424-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple clinical studies have described the benefits of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) CNCM I-745 against diarrhoea, but the real-world evidence supporting its use is lacking. OBJECTIVE To evaluate effectiveness of the S. boulardii CNCM I-745 group in a real-world setting. METHODS This was an electronic medical record (EMR)-based, retrospective, multicentre, comparative study in Indian adult patients presenting with diarrhoea managed between January 2020 and January 2022. Data of patients at the baseline visit, with a follow-up visit within 15 days, and who were administered S. boulardii CNCM I-745 (for the test group) or any other treatment modality excluding probiotics (for the control group) were considered. Effectiveness was evaluated on the basis of number of patients who did not complain of diarrhoea at follow-up. RESULTS Of 30,385 adult patients with diarrhoea, 270 patients prescribed S. boulardii CNCM I-745 were included, while the control group comprised 1457 patients. The baseline median age of the test group was 47 years (range 19-86 years), while it was 44 years (range 19-100 years) for the control group. The majority of patients in both study groups were females (56.7% in the test and 51.5% in the control group). Median duration between visits was 5 days (range 1-15 days) in both study groups. In all, 77.8% patients (95% CI 72.34-82.59) in the test group did not complain of diarrhoea at follow-up, while the proportion was 15.8% (95% CI 13.95-17.76) in the control group (p < 0.05). Odds ratio (OR) for absence of diarrhoea in the S. boulardii CNCM I-745 group versus the control group was 18.7 (95% CI 13.6-25.7, p < 0.05). For subgroups on concomitant antibiotics, a significant advantage was noted again for the test versus the control group (76.8% versus 18.4%; p < 0.05; OR: 14.7 with 95% CI 8.8-24.4; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The effect of S. boulardii CNCM I-745 probiotic in controlling diarrhoea was better than anti-diarrhoeal and/or oral rehydration therapy in real-world clinical practice. The effect was similar even with concomitant antibiotic usage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kranthi Kiran Pebbili
- Department of Medical Affairs, Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rahul Rathod
- Department of Medical Affairs, Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bhavesh Kotak
- Department of Medical Affairs, Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Gauri Dhanaki
- Department of Medical Affairs, Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Snehal Shah
- Department of Clinical Insights, Healthplix Technologies, Bangalore, India
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Khoo SC, Zhang N, Luang-In V, Goh MS, Sonne C, Ma NL. Exploring environmental exposomes and the gut-brain nexus: Unveiling the impact of pesticide exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118441. [PMID: 38350544 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
This review delves into the escalating concern of environmental pollutants and their profound impact on human health in the context of the modern surge in global diseases. The utilisation of chemicals in food production, which results in residues in food, has emerged as a major concern nowadays. By exploring the intricate relationship between environmental pollutants and gut microbiota, the study reveals a dynamic bidirectional interplay, as modifying microbiota profile influences metabolic pathways and subsequent brain functions. This review will first provide an overview of potential exposomes and their effect to gut health. This paper is then emphasis the connection of gut brain function by analysing microbiome markers with neurotoxicity responses. We then take pesticide as example of exposome to elucidate their influence to biomarkers biosynthesis pathways and subsequent brain functions. The interconnection between neuroendocrine and neuromodulators elements and the gut-brain axis emerges as a pivotal factor in regulating mental health and brain development. Thus, manipulation of gut microbiota function at the onset of stress may offer a potential avenue for the prevention and treatment for mental disorder and other neurodegenerative illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing Ching Khoo
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nan Zhang
- Synerk Biotech, BioBay, Suzhou, 215000, China; Neuroscience Program, Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, 10065, USA
| | - Vijitra Luang-In
- Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang, Kantharawichai, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Meng Shien Goh
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Danish Centre for Environment and Energy (DCE), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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Neely WJ, Souza KMC, Martins RA, Marshall VM, Buttimer SM, Brito de Assis A, Medina D, Whetstone RD, Lyra ML, Ribeiro JW, Greenspan SE, Haddad CFB, Alves dos Anjos L, Becker CG. Host-associated helminth diversity and microbiome composition contribute to anti-pathogen defences in tropical frogs impacted by forest fragmentation. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:240530. [PMID: 39100162 PMCID: PMC11296196 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.240530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Habitat fragmentation can negatively impact wildlife populations by simplification of ecological interactions, but little is known about how these impacts extend to host-associated symbiotic communities. The symbiotic communities of amphibians play important roles in anti-pathogen defences, particularly against the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). In this study, we analyse the role of macroparasitic helminth communities in concert with microbial communities in defending the host against Bd infection within the context of forest fragmentation. We found that skin microbial and helminth communities are disrupted at fragmented habitats, while gut microbiomes appear more resilient to environmental change. We also detected potential protective roles of helminth diversity and anti-pathogen microbial function in limiting Bd infection. Microbial network analysis revealed strong patterns of structure in both skin and gut communities, with helminths playing central roles in these networks. We reveal consistent roles of microbial and helminth diversity in driving host-pathogen interactions and the potential implications of fragmentation on host fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley J. Neely
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL35487, USA
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX78666, USA
| | - Kassia M. C. Souza
- Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Renato A. Martins
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16803, USA
| | | | - Shannon M. Buttimer
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16803, USA
| | - Ananda Brito de Assis
- Department of Biodiversity and Aquaculture Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel Medina
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16803, USA
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación, SENACYT, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Ross D. Whetstone
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Mariana L. Lyra
- Department of Biodiversity and Aquaculture Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - José Wagner Ribeiro
- Department of Biodiversity and Aquaculture Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Sasha E. Greenspan
- Department of Biology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL35487, USA
| | - Célio F. B. Haddad
- Department of Biodiversity and Aquaculture Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Luciano Alves dos Anjos
- Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - C. Guilherme Becker
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16803, USA
- One Health Microbiome Center, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Ecology Institute, Huch Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16803, USA
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Pulvirenti F, Giufrè M, Pentimalli TM, Camilli R, Milito C, Villa A, Sculco E, Cerquetti M, Pantosti A, Quinti I. Oropharyngeal microbial ecosystem perturbations influence the risk for acute respiratory infections in common variable immunodeficiency. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1371118. [PMID: 38873612 PMCID: PMC11169596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1371118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The respiratory tract microbiome is essential for human health and well-being and is determined by genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) suffer from respiratory and intestinal tract infections, leading to chronic diseases and increased mortality rates. While CVID patients' gut microbiota have been analyzed, data on the respiratory microbiome ecosystem are limited. Objective This study aims to analyze the bacterial composition of the oropharynx of adults with CVID and its link with clinical and immunological features and risk for respiratory acute infections. Methods Oropharyngeal samples from 72 CVID adults and 26 controls were collected in a 12-month prospective study. The samples were analyzed by metagenomic bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and processed using the Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIME) pipeline. Differentially abundant species were identified and used to build a dysbiosis index. A machine learning model trained on microbial abundance data was used to test the power of microbiome alterations to distinguish between healthy individuals and CVID patients. Results Compared to controls, the oropharyngeal microbiome of CVID patients showed lower alpha- and beta-diversity, with a relatively increased abundance of the order Lactobacillales, including the family Streptococcaceae. Intra-CVID analysis identified age >45 years, COPD, lack of IgA, and low residual IgM as associated with a reduced alpha diversity. Expansion of Haemophilus and Streptococcus genera was observed in patients with undetectable IgA and COPD, independent from recent antibiotic use. Patients receiving azithromycin as antibiotic prophylaxis had a higher dysbiosis score. Expansion of Haemophilus and Anoxybacillus was associated with acute respiratory infections within six months. Conclusions CVID patients showed a perturbed oropharynx microbiota enriched with potentially pathogenic bacteria and decreased protective species. Low residual levels of IgA/IgM, chronic lung damage, anti antibiotic prophylaxis contributed to respiratory dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Pulvirenti
- Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiencies, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (AOU) Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giufrè
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Tancredi M. Pentimalli
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin School of Integrative Oncology (BSIO), Berlin, Germany
| | - Romina Camilli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Milito
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Villa
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sculco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Cerquetti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pantosti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Quinti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Vandecruys M, De Smet S, De Beir J, Renier M, Leunis S, Van Criekinge H, Glorieux G, Raes J, Vanden Wyngaert K, Nagler E, Calders P, Monbaliu D, Cornelissen V, Evenepoel P, Van Craenenbroeck AH. Revitalizing the Gut Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Exploration of the Therapeutic Potential of Physical Activity. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:242. [PMID: 38922137 PMCID: PMC11209503 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16060242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Both physical inactivity and disruptions in the gut microbiome appear to be prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Engaging in physical activity could present a novel nonpharmacological strategy for enhancing the gut microbiome and mitigating the adverse effects associated with microbial dysbiosis in individuals with CKD. This narrative review explores the underlying mechanisms through which physical activity may favorably modulate microbial health, either through direct impact on the gut or through interorgan crosstalk. Also, the development of microbial dysbiosis and its interplay with physical inactivity in patients with CKD are discussed. Mechanisms and interventions through which physical activity may restore gut homeostasis in individuals with CKD are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Vandecruys
- Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.V.); or (P.E.)
| | - Stefan De Smet
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Jasmine De Beir
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Marie Renier
- Group Rehabilitation for Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.R.); (V.C.)
| | - Sofie Leunis
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (S.L.); (H.V.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Hanne Van Criekinge
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (S.L.); (H.V.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Griet Glorieux
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Section, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.G.); (K.V.W.); (E.N.)
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karsten Vanden Wyngaert
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Section, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.G.); (K.V.W.); (E.N.)
| | - Evi Nagler
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Section, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.G.); (K.V.W.); (E.N.)
| | - Patrick Calders
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.B.); (P.C.)
| | - Diethard Monbaliu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (S.L.); (H.V.C.); (D.M.)
- Transplantoux Foundation, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Véronique Cornelissen
- Group Rehabilitation for Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.R.); (V.C.)
| | - Pieter Evenepoel
- Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.V.); or (P.E.)
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amaryllis H. Van Craenenbroeck
- Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.V.); or (P.E.)
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Kitson L, Becker AAMJ, Hartmann K, Bergmann M, Sepulveda-Garcia P, Canales N, Muller A. Characterizing the blood microbiota in healthy and febrile domestic cats via 16s rRNA sequencing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10584. [PMID: 38719878 PMCID: PMC11079020 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the blood bacterial microbiota in healthy and febrile cats. High-quality sequencing reads from the 16S rRNA gene variable region V3-V4 were obtained from genomic blood DNA belonging to 145 healthy cats, and 140 febrile cats. Comparisons between the blood microbiota of healthy and febrile cats revealed dominant presence of Actinobacteria, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. Upon lower taxonomic levels, the bacterial composition was significantly different between healthy and febrile cats. The families Faecalibacterium and Kineothrix (Firmicutes), and Phyllobacterium (Proteobacteria) experienced increased abundance in febrile samples. Whereas Thioprofundum (Proteobacteria) demonstrated a significant decrease in abundance in febrile. The bacterial composition and beta diversity within febrile cats was different according to the affected body system (Oral/GI, systemic, skin, and respiratory) at both family and genus levels. Sex and age were not significant factors affecting the blood microbiota of febrile cats nor healthy ones. Age was different between young adult and mature adult healthy cats. Alpha diversity was unaffected by any factors. Overall, the findings suggest that age, health status and nature of disease are significant factors affecting blood microbiota diversity and composition in cats, but sex is not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Kitson
- Graduate Program, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Farm, West Indies, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Anne A M J Becker
- One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Farm, West Indies, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Katrin Hartmann
- LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michèle Bergmann
- LMU Small Animal Clinic, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Paulina Sepulveda-Garcia
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Nivia Canales
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ananda Muller
- One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Farm, West Indies, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
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Guitart-Matas J, Ballester M, Fraile L, Darwich L, Giler-Baquerizo N, Tarres J, López-Soria S, Ramayo-Caldas Y, Migura-Garcia L. Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments. Anim Microbiome 2024; 6:24. [PMID: 38702766 PMCID: PMC11067243 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-024-00307-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global burden of antimicrobial resistance demands additional measures to ensure the sustainable and conscious use of antimicrobials. For the swine industry, the post-weaning period is critical and for many years, antimicrobials have been the most effective strategy to control and treat post-weaning related infections. Among them, post-weaning diarrhea causes vast economic losses, as it severely compromises piglets' health and growth performance. In this study, 210 piglets were transferred from a farm with recurrent cases of post-weaning diarrhea to an experimental farm and divided into six different treatment groups to determine the effect of the different treatments on the growth performance and survival, the microbiome, and the resistome in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. The different treatments included antimicrobials trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, colistin, and gentamicin, an oral commercial vaccine, a control with water acidification, and an untreated control. An extra group remained at the farm of origin following the implemented amoxicillin routine treatment. A total of 280 fecal samples from pigs at four different sampling times were selected for metagenomics: before weaning-treatment at the farm of origin, and three days, two weeks, and four weeks post-treatment. RESULTS The control group with water acidification showed a reduced death risk in the survival analyses and non-significant differences in average daily weight gain in comparison to the antibiotic-treated groups. However, the growth-promoting effect among antibiotic-treated groups was demonstrated when comparing against the untreated control group at the experimental farm. After four weeks of treatment, diversity indexes revealed significantly decreased diversity for the untreated control and the group that remained at the farm of origin treated with amoxicillin. For this last group, impaired microbial diversity could be related to the continuous amoxicillin treatment carried out at the farm. Analysis of the resistome showed that both gentamicin and amoxicillin treatments significantly contributed to the emergence of resistance, while trimethoprim/sulphonamide and colistin did not, suggesting that different treatments contribute differently to the emergence of resistance. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this shotgun longitudinal metagenomics analysis demonstrates that non-antibiotic alternatives, such as water acidification, can contribute to reducing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance without compromising pig growth performance and gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Guitart-Matas
- Joint Research Unit IRTA-UAB in Animal Health, Animal Health Research Centre (CReSA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Animal Health Program (CReSA), WOAH Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Ballester
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Fraile
- School of Agrifood and Forestry Science and Engineering (ETSEA), Department of Animal Production, University of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Laila Darwich
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Noemí Giler-Baquerizo
- Joint Research Unit IRTA-UAB in Animal Health, Animal Health Research Centre (CReSA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Animal Health Program (CReSA), WOAH Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Tarres
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergio López-Soria
- Joint Research Unit IRTA-UAB in Animal Health, Animal Health Research Centre (CReSA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Animal Health Program (CReSA), WOAH Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lourdes Migura-Garcia
- Joint Research Unit IRTA-UAB in Animal Health, Animal Health Research Centre (CReSA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain.
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Animal Health Program (CReSA), WOAH Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-Emerging Swine Diseases in Europe, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Catalonia, Spain.
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Chughtai MA, Kerimkulova MK, Mushtaq O, Hagenahalli Anand V, Rehman A, Shehryar A, Hassan B, Islam R, Islam H, Mansoor M, Rehman S. Integrated Approaches in the Management of Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Biopsychosocial Perspective. Cureus 2024; 16:e60962. [PMID: 38910693 PMCID: PMC11193854 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), gastritis/peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and celiac disease, significantly impact global health and economic stability. This review synthesizes current literature to elucidate the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies of these prevalent conditions. Through a biopsychosocial lens, we examine the role of the gut microbiome in disease modulation and explore innovative therapeutic advancements, including microbiome-targeting interventions. The review highlights the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach to patient care, integrating medical treatment with dietary, psychological, and lifestyle modifications. By addressing these disorders holistically, the article aims to foster a deeper understanding of their biopsychosocial impacts and encourage more effective, patient-centered treatment paradigms. The findings underscore the imperative for continued research and interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance patient outcomes and reduce healthcare burdens associated with GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Omid Mushtaq
- Preventive Medicine, Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya, TUR
| | | | | | | | - Baran Hassan
- Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, IRQ
| | - Rabia Islam
- Research, Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Hamza Islam
- Internal Medicine, Punjab Medical College, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Muzafar Mansoor
- Internal Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Shehryar Rehman
- Internal Medicine, Al Assad University Hospital, Damascus, SYR
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Alagiakrishnan K, Morgadinho J, Halverson T. Approach to the diagnosis and management of dysbiosis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1330903. [PMID: 38706561 PMCID: PMC11069313 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1330903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
All microorganisms like bacteria, viruses and fungi that reside within a host environment are considered a microbiome. The number of bacteria almost equal that of human cells, however, the genome of these bacteria may be almost 100 times larger than the human genome. Every aspect of the physiology and health can be influenced by the microbiome living in various parts of our body. Any imbalance in the microbiome composition or function is seen as dysbiosis. Different types of dysbiosis are seen and the corresponding symptoms depend on the site of microbial imbalance. The contribution of the intestinal and extra-intestinal microbiota to influence systemic activities is through interplay between different axes. Whole body dysbiosis is a complex process involving gut microbiome and non-gut related microbiome. It is still at the stage of infancy and has not yet been fully understood. Dysbiosis can be influenced by genetic factors, lifestyle habits, diet including ultra-processed foods and food additives, as well as medications. Dysbiosis has been associated with many systemic diseases and cannot be diagnosed through standard blood tests or investigations. Microbiota derived metabolites can be analyzed and can be useful in the management of dysbiosis. Whole body dysbiosis can be addressed by altering lifestyle factors, proper diet and microbial modulation. The effect of these interventions in humans depends on the beneficial microbiome alteration mostly based on animal studies with evolving evidence from human studies. There is tremendous potential for the human microbiome in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases, as well as, for the monitoring of health and disease in humans. Whole body system-based approach to the diagnosis of dysbiosis is better than a pure taxonomic approach. Whole body dysbiosis could be a new therapeutic target in the management of various health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joao Morgadinho
- Kaye Edmonton Clinic, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tyler Halverson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Zhang Y, Nair S, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhao H, Lu L, Chang L, Jiao N. Adverse Environmental Perturbations May Threaten Kelp Farming Sustainability by Exacerbating Enterobacterales Diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:5796-5810. [PMID: 38507562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Globally kelp farming is gaining attention to mitigate land-use pressures and achieve carbon neutrality. However, the influence of environmental perturbations on kelp farming remains largely unknown. Recently, a severe disease outbreak caused extensive kelp mortality in Sanggou Bay, China, one of the world's largest high-density kelp farming areas. Here, through in situ investigations and simulation experiments, we find indications that an anomalously dramatic increase in elevated coastal seawater light penetration may have contributed to dysbiosis in the kelp Saccharina japonica's microbiome. This dysbiosis promoted the proliferation of opportunistic pathogenic Enterobacterales, mainly including the genera Colwellia and Pseudoalteromonas. Using transcriptomic analyses, we revealed that high-light conditions likely induced oxidative stress in kelp, potentially facilitating opportunistic bacterial Enterobacterales attack that activates a terrestrial plant-like pattern recognition receptor system in kelp. Furthermore, we uncover crucial genotypic determinants of Enterobacterales dominance and pathogenicity within kelp tissue, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns, potential membrane-damaging toxins, and alginate and mannitol lysis capability. Finally, through analysis of kelp-associated microbiome data sets under the influence of ocean warming and acidification, we conclude that such Enterobacterales favoring microbiome shifts are likely to become more prevalent in future environmental conditions. Our study highlights the need for understanding complex environmental influences on kelp health and associated microbiomes for the sustainable development of seaweed farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyu Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Shailesh Nair
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Zenghu Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Jiulong Zhao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
| | - Hanshuang Zhao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Longfei Lu
- Weihai Changqing Ocean Science Technology Co., Ltd., Rongcheng 264300, China
| | - Lirong Chang
- Weihai Changqing Ocean Science Technology Co., Ltd., Rongcheng 264300, China
| | - Nianzhi Jiao
- Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, China
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Alseth EO, Custodio R, Sundius SA, Kuske RA, Brown SP, Westra ER. The impact of phage and phage resistance on microbial community dynamics. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002346. [PMID: 38648198 PMCID: PMC11034675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Where there are bacteria, there will be bacteriophages. These viruses are known to be important players in shaping the wider microbial community in which they are embedded, with potential implications for human health. On the other hand, bacteria possess a range of distinct immune mechanisms that provide protection against bacteriophages, including the mutation or complete loss of the phage receptor, and CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity. While our previous work showed how a microbial community may impact phage resistance evolution, little is known about the inverse, namely how interactions between phages and these different phage resistance mechanisms affect the wider microbial community in which they are embedded. Here, we conducted a 10-day, fully factorial evolution experiment to examine how phage impact the structure and dynamics of an artificial four-species bacterial community that includes either Pseudomonas aeruginosa wild-type or an isogenic mutant unable to evolve phage resistance through CRISPR-Cas. Additionally, we used mathematical modelling to explore the ecological interactions underlying full community behaviour, as well as to identify general principles governing the impacts of phage on community dynamics. Our results show that the microbial community structure is drastically altered by the addition of phage, with Acinetobacter baumannii becoming the dominant species and P. aeruginosa being driven nearly extinct, whereas P. aeruginosa outcompetes the other species in the absence of phage. Moreover, we find that a P. aeruginosa strain with the ability to evolve CRISPR-based resistance generally does better when in the presence of A. baumannii, but that this benefit is largely lost over time as phage is driven extinct. Finally, we show that pairwise data alone is insufficient when modelling our microbial community, both with and without phage, highlighting the importance of higher order interactions in governing multispecies dynamics in complex communities. Combined, our data clearly illustrate how phage targeting a dominant species allows for the competitive release of the strongest competitor while also contributing to community diversity maintenance and potentially preventing the reinvasion of the target species, and underline the importance of mapping community composition before therapeutically applying phage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellinor O. Alseth
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
- Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Rafael Custodio
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A. Sundius
- Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- School of Math, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Program in Quantitative Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Rachel A. Kuske
- Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- School of Math, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Sam P. Brown
- Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Edze R. Westra
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
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Zhang Z, Zhang HL, Yang DH, Hao Q, Yang HW, Meng DL, Meindert de Vos W, Guan LL, Liu SB, Teame T, Gao CC, Ran C, Yang YL, Yao YY, Ding QW, Zhou ZG. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG triggers intestinal epithelium injury in zebrafish revealing host dependent beneficial effects. IMETA 2024; 3:e181. [PMID: 38882496 PMCID: PMC11170971 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), the well-characterized human-derived probiotic strain, possesses excellent properties in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, immunoregulation and defense against gastrointestinal pathogens in mammals. Here, we demonstrate that the SpaC pilin of LGG causes intestinal epithelium injury by inducing cell pyroptosis and gut microbial dysbiosis in zebrafish. Dietary SpaC activates Caspase-3-GSDMEa pathways in the intestinal epithelium, promotes intestinal pyroptosis and increases lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing gut microbes in zebrafish. The increased LPS subsequently activates Gaspy2-GSDMEb pyroptosis pathway. Further analysis reveals the Caspase-3-GSDMEa pyroptosis is initiated by the species-specific recognition of SpaC by TLR4ba, which accounts for the species-specificity of the SpaC-inducing intestinal pyroptosis in zebrafish. The observed pyroptosis-driven gut injury and microbial dysbiosis by LGG in zebrafish suggest that host-specific beneficial/harmful mechanisms are critical safety issues when applying probiotics derived from other host species and need more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada
| | - Hong-Ling Zhang
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Da-Hai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Qiang Hao
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Hong-Wei Yang
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - De-Long Meng
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Willem Meindert de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University and Research Wageningen Netherlands
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Le-Luo Guan
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada
| | - Shu-Bin Liu
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Tsegay Teame
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
- Tigray Agricultural Research Institute Mekelle Ethiopia
| | - Chen-Chen Gao
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Chao Ran
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Ya-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Qian-Wen Ding
- Key Laboratory for Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhou
- China-Norway Joint Lab on Fish Gut Microbiota, Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
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Lee SU, Jang BS, Na YR, Lee SH, Han S, Chang JH, Kim HJ. Effect of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG for Regulation of Inflammatory Response in Radiation-Induced Enteritis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:636-648. [PMID: 37072632 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) probiotics in radiation enteritis using in vivo mice. A total of 40 mice were randomly assigned to four groups: control, probiotics, radiotherapy (RT), and RT + probiotics. For the group of probiotics, 0.2 mL of solution that contained 1.0 × 108 colony-forming units (CFU) of LGG was used and orally administered daily until sacrifice. For RT, a single dose of 14 Gy was administered using a 6 mega-voltage photon beam to the abdominopelvic area. Mice were sacrifice at day 4 (S1) and day 7 (S2) after RT. Their jejunum, colon, and stool were collected. A multiplex cytokine assay and 16 s ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing were then performed. Regarding cytokine concentrations in tissues, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1, showed significantly decreased protein levels in colon tissues of the RT + probiotics group than in the RT alone group (all p < 0.05). As for comparing microbial abundance through alpha-diversity and beta-diversity, no significant differences were observed between the RT + probiotics and RT alone groups, except for an increase in alpha-diversity in the stool of the RT + probiotics group. Upon analysis of differential microbes based on treatment, the dominance of anti-inflammatory-related microbes, such as Porphyromonadaceae, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Ruminococcus, was observed in the jejunum, colon, and stool of the RT + probiotics group. With regard to predicted metabolic pathway abundances, the pathways associated with anti-inflammatory processes, such as biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides, peptidoglycans, tryptophan, adenosylcobalamin, and propionate, were differentially identified in the RT + probiotics group compared to the RT alone group. Protective effects of probiotics on radiation enteritis were potentially derived from dominant anti-inflammation-related microbes and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Uk Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Proton Therapy Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Bum-Sup Jang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yi Rang Na
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Hwa Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunwoo Han
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hak Jae Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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50
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Zafar A, Hall M. Types of home respiratory support in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and factors determining its duration: A scoping review. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024; 59:834-844. [PMID: 38197530 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia also known as chronic lung disease of prematurity has changed as a disease entity over the last five decades and children with "new bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)" have better survival rates. This necessitates strategies to prevent severe BPD and provide organized home support. Home respiratory support in these children varies from home oxygen to noninvasive ventilation and tracheostomy ventilation. This review was conducted utilizing Joanna Briggs Institute publications on evidence synthesis and presentation of results for a scoping review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses were used to report the results. The risk of bias assessment was done using "The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews tool for interventional studies." After screening for the duplication of results and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty-seven studies were assessed by reading the full texts. Out of these, eleven were finally included in this systematic review. The total sample size from all studies was 4794, including 2705 males. The 4/11 studies home oxygen, one study reported continuous positive airway pressure/bilevel positive airway pressure and seven studies used tracheostomy or tracheostomy ventilation. The median duration of post-natal invasive ventilation was higher in those discharged on home oxygen compared to those who did not need oxygen at discharge. There is a significant proportion of children who are tracheostomy ventilated (8.65%) at home. In the absence of established guidelines, these children are vulnerable when it comes to care at home and the timing of decannulation. For home oxygen alone, guidelines by ERS, ATS and BTS have streamlined weaning protocols and the need for having a multi-disciplinary team to care for these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Zafar
- Pediatric Pulmonology, John Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Hall
- Neonatology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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