1
|
Ganjali S, Mahdipour E, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Soflaei SS, Banach M, Kontush A, Sahebkar A. Compositional and functional properties of high-density lipoproteins in relation to coronary in-stent restenosis. Arch Med Sci 2023; 19:57-72. [PMID: 36817661 PMCID: PMC9897092 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/140728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In-stent restenosis (ISR) is an unfavorable outcome that occurs in patients after coronary stenting. Use of drugs such as statins as well as drug-eluting stents has only been partially effective in reducing the rate of ISR. Since low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration is a pivotal cardiovascular disease risk factor, this study aimed to evaluate the compositional and functional alterations of HDL in individuals with ISR. MATERIAL AND METHODS This case-control study included 21 ISR, 26 non-ISR (NISR), 16 angiography-negative, and 18 healthy subjects. Serum HDL2 (d: 1.063-1.125 g/ml) and HDL3 (d: 1.125-1.210 g/ml) subfractions were extracted from each subject using sequential ultracentrifugation. The capacity of HDL to efflux cellular cholesterol from lipid-loaded macrophages as well as to take up free cholesterol (FC) from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs) during lipolysis was assessed. RESULTS No difference was found in the HDL2 and HDL3 content of free cholesterol and total protein among the groups. The NISR group showed lower triglyceride content in HDL2 and higher phospholipid content in HDL3 relative to healthy subjects. Strong positive correlations were found between the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL2 and its phospholipid content in the healthy (r = 0.50), angiography-negative (r = 0.55) and ISR (r = 0.52) groups. The capacity of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-depleted serum to take up free cholesterol was not different among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Despite some compositional alterations, the capacity of HDL to efflux cholesterol from lipid-loaded macrophages as well as to take up free cholesterol from TGRLs during lipolysis was not associated with ISR in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ganjali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elahe Mahdipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Department of Modern Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran & UNESCO Higher Center, Nutrition Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Saffar Soflaei
- Department of Modern Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran & UNESCO Higher Center, Nutrition Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Anatol Kontush
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Research Unit 1166, Faculty of Medicine Pitié–Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ganjali S, Mansouri A, Abbasifard M, Moallem SA, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Sahebkar A. Association between Oxidative Burden and Restenosis: A Case-Control Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3577761. [PMID: 35799893 PMCID: PMC9256427 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3577761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background In-stent restenosis (ISR) is an important clinical complication that occurs following stent implantation. The application of drug-eluting stents (DES) and even consumption of drugs such as antiplatelet agents and statins are not completely effective in reducing ISR risk. Since the number of these patients continues to rise, it is pivotal to detect patients who are at a higher risk of ISR. In addition, identification of biochemical markers of ISR could give the right perspective on choosing the proper strategy to treat these patients. Several pathophysiological pathways including oxidative stress (OS) are implicated in the progression of ISR. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the association between oxidative/anti-oxidative markers and ISR. Methods This was a case-control study which comprised 21 ISR, 26 NISR (non-ISR), and 20 healthy subjects. The serum levels of OS markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), thiol groups (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the activity of serum antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed by colorimetric methods. The overall oxidative burden was assessed using a pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) assay. Results MDA levels were considerably higher in the ISR group when compared to healthy subjects (P = 0.004). PAB also indicated significantly higher values in both ISR (P < 0.001) and NISR (P < 0.001) groups related to healthy subjects. No significant differences were observed between the studied groups regarding thiol levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and TAC. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that elevated serum levels of MDA (OR: 1.028, 95% CI: 1.008-1.048; P = 0.006) and PAB (OR: 1.076, 95% CI: 1.017-1.139; P = 0.011) were significantly associated with higher ISR risk; however, increased values of TAC (OR: 0.990, 95% CI: 0.982-0.999; P = 0.030) were significantly associated with decreased ISR risk, while after adjustment for confounders, only SOD activity (OR: 0.0, 95% CI: 0.0-0.0; P < 0.001) and PAB value (OR: 1.866, 95% CI: 1.856-1.900; P < 0.001) showed association with ISR risk. Conclusion According to the present findings, some oxidative and antioxidative markers like PAB and SOD activity showed the potential in the prediction of ISR risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ganjali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atena Mansouri
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hooshdaran B, Pressly BB, Alferiev IS, Smith JD, Zoltick PW, Tschabrunn CM, Wilensky RL, Gorman RC, Levy RJ, Fishbein I. Stent-based delivery of AAV2 vectors encoding oxidation-resistant apoA1. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5464. [PMID: 35361857 PMCID: PMC8971450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09524-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In-stent restenosis (ISR) complicates revascularization in the coronary and peripheral arteries. Apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), the principal protein component of HDL possesses inherent anti-atherosclerotic and anti-restenotic properties. These beneficial traits are lost when wild type apoA1(WT) is subjected to oxidative modifications. We investigated whether local delivery of adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors expressing oxidation-resistant apoA1(4WF) preserves apoA1 functionality. The efflux of 3H-cholesterol from macrophages to the media conditioned by endogenously produced apoA1(4WF) was 2.1-fold higher than for apoA1(WT) conditioned media in the presence of hypochlorous acid emulating conditions of oxidative stress. The proliferation of apoA1(WT)- and apoA1(4FW)-transduced rat aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) was inhibited by 66% ± 10% and 65% ± 11%, respectively, in comparison with non-transduced SMC (p < 0.001). Conversely, the proliferation of apoA1(4FW)-transduced, but not apoA1(WT)-transduced rat blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOEC) was increased 41% ± 5% (p < 0.001). Both apoA1 transduction conditions similarly inhibited basal and TNFα-induced reactive oxygen species in rat aortic endothelial cells (RAEC) and resulted in the reduced rat monocyte attachment to the TNFα-activated endothelium. AAV2-eGFP vectors immobilized reversibly on stainless steel mesh surfaces through the protein G/anti-AAV2 antibody coupling, efficiently transduced cells in culture modeling stent-based delivery. In vivo studies in normal pigs, deploying AAV2 gene delivery stents (GDS) preloaded with AAV2-eGFP in the coronary arteries demonstrated transduction of the stented arteries. However, implantation of GDS formulated with AAV2-apoA1(4WF) failed to prevent in-stent restenosis in the atherosclerotic vasculature of hypercholesterolemic diabetic pigs. It is concluded that stent delivery of AAV2-4WF while feasible, is not effective for mitigation of restenosis in the presence of severe atherosclerotic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Hooshdaran
- Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, CHOP, ARC, Room 702 C, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin B Pressly
- Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, CHOP, ARC, Room 702 C, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ivan S Alferiev
- Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, CHOP, ARC, Room 702 C, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jonathan D Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Philip W Zoltick
- Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, CHOP, ARC, Room 702 C, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Cory M Tschabrunn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Robert L Wilensky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Robert C Gorman
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Robert J Levy
- Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, CHOP, ARC, Room 702 C, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ilia Fishbein
- Division of Cardiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, CHOP, ARC, Room 702 C, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han JH, Heo KS, Myung CS. Cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) accelerates vascular remodelling via p53 and JAK2-STAT3 regulation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4533-4551. [PMID: 34289085 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Abnormal vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration lead to neointima formation, which eventually results in cardiovascular hyperplastic diseases. The molecular mechanisms underlying these cellular processes have not been fully understood. Cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) has been identified as an anti-apoptotic molecule, but little is known about its target genes and related pathways in VSMC dysfunction or its clinical implication in neointima formation following vascular injury. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Determination, using loss/gain-of-function approaches by gene delivery, of whether CIAPIN1 modulates VSMC proliferation, migration and neointima formation and the underlying mechanisms was carried out. Balloon injury or ligation and local delivery of lentivirus were performed on rat or mouse carotid arteries. Rat aortic smooth muscle cells, the primary cell, was used as the model to evaluate the effect of CIAPIN1 on proliferation and migration. KEY RESULTS CIAPIN1 was overexpressed in the neointimal region of rat arteries. CIAPIN1 deficiency markedly inhibited injury-induced or ligation-induced intimal hyperplasia and suppressed PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression, while overexpression promoted proliferation, migration and neointima formation. CIAPIN1 negatively regulated Tp53 transcription, which promoted cell cycle progression and migration via cyclin E1-CDK2/pRb/PCNA and the MMP2 pathway. CIAPIN1 also increased JAK2 expression, enhancing JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation by vascular injury, which forced phenotypic switching from contractile to synthetic state in injured arteries. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which CIAPIN1 regulates vascular remodelling and suggest a novel therapeutic target for treating vascular proliferative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Heo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Myung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yao S, Luo G, Liu H, Zhang J, Zhan Y, Xu N, Zhang X, Zheng L. Apolipoprotein M promotes the anti-inflammatory effect of high-density lipoprotein by binding to scavenger receptor BI. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1676. [PMID: 33490188 PMCID: PMC7812182 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammation participates pivotally in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated plasma protein that affects HDL metabolism and shows various anti-inflammatory functions in atherosclerosis. In this study, we aim to determine whether apoM is expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and promoted the anti-inflammatory effect of HDL by combing with scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI). Methods The expression of apoM in PBMCs is detected by a confocal fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The interactions between apoM and SR-BI are detected with co-immunoprecipitation. The multiplexed Luminex xMAP assay detects the inflammatory factors induced by apoM+ HDL and apoM– HDL in inflammatory cell model. Results ApoM is expressed on CD14+ monocytes, CD3+ T cells, and CD19+ B cells, CD16+ and CD56+ NK cells. CD14+ monocytes have the highest ratio of apoM+ cells. ApoM+ HDL, apoM– HDL, and recombinant apoM protein could be co-precipitated with SR-BI on the surface of human THP-1 monocytic leukemia cells. In vitro, apoM+ HDL induces significantly less expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β than apoM– HDL. Conclusions ApoM was expressed on all PBMCs. ApoM interacted with SR-BI on THP-1. ApoM+ HDL has a more significant anti-inflammatory effect than apoM– HDL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yao
- Clinical Medical Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Guanghua Luo
- Clinical Medical Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yuxia Zhan
- Clinical Medical Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lunds University, Lunds, Sweden
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Clinical Medical Research Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hao YM, Yuan HQ, Ren Z, Qu SL, Liu LS, Dang-HengWei, Yin K, Fu M, Jiang ZS. Endothelial to mesenchymal transition in atherosclerotic vascular remodeling. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 490:34-38. [PMID: 30571947 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells are the main components of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels, which play an important role in regulating the physiological functions of the cardiovascular system. Endothelial dysfunction is involved in a variety of acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. As a special type of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), endothelium to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) regulates the transformation of endothelial cells into mesenchymal cells accompanied by changes in the expression of various transcription factors and cytokines, which is closely related to vascular endothelial injury, vascular remodeling, myocardial fibrosis and valvar disease. Endothelial cells undergoing EndMT lose their endothelial characteristics and undergo a transition toward a more mesenchymal-like phenotype. However, the molecular mechanism of EndMT remains unclear. EndMT, as a type of endothelial dysfunction, can cause vascular remodeling which is a major determinant of atherosclerotic luminal area. Therefore, exploring the important signaling pathways in the process of EndMT may provide novel therapeutic strategies for treating atherosclerotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Meng Hao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, University of South, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Hou-Qin Yuan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, University of South, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Zhong Ren
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, University of South, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Shun-Lin Qu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, University of South, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Lu-Shan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, University of South, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Dang-HengWei
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, University of South, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Kai Yin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, University of South, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China; Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Mingui Fu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Shock/Trauma Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, University of South, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ferron AJT, Francisqueti FV, Minatel IO, Silva CCVDA, Bazan SGZ, Kitawara KAH, Garcia JL, Corrêa CR, Moreto F, Ferreira ALA. Association between Cardiac Remodeling and Metabolic Alteration in an Experimental Model of Obesity Induced by Western Diet. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111675. [PMID: 30400581 PMCID: PMC6266980 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The high consumption of fat and sugar contributes to the development of obesity and co-morbidities, such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dyslipidemia and cardiac dysfunction induced by western diet consumption. Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups and fed ad libitum for 20 weeks with a control diet (Control, n = 12) or a high-sugar and high-fat diet (HSF, n = 12). The HSF group also received water + sucrose (25%). Evaluations included feed and caloric intake; body weight; plasma glucose; insulin; uric acid; HOMA-IR; lipid profile: [total cholesterol (T-chol), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL Chol, triglycerides (TG)]; systolic blood pressure, and Doppler echocardiographic. Compared to the control group, animals that consumed the HSF diet presented higher weight gain, caloric intake, feed efficiency, insulin, HOMA-IR, and glucose levels, and lipid profile impairment (higher TG, T-chol, non-HDL chol and lower HDL). HSF diet was also associated with atrial-ventricular structural impairment and systolic-diastolic dysfunction. Positive correlation was also found among the following parameters: insulin versus estimated LV mass (r = 0.90, p = 0.001); non-HDL versus deceleration time (r = 0.46, p = 0.02); TG versus deceleration time (r = 0.50, p = 0.01). In summary, our results suggest cardiac remodeling lead by western diet is associated with metabolic parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Igor Otávio Minatel
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fernando Moreto
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Medical School, Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hall S, Agrawal DK. Delivery of viral vectors for gene therapy in intimal hyperplasia and restenosis in atherosclerotic swine. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:918-927. [PMID: 28707263 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0409-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis are a major financial and health burden globally. Inflammation associated with atherosclerosis results in the development of plaques that can rupture causing thrombosis, stroke, or death. The most widely used treatment for the removal of atherosclerotic plaques is percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with or without stenting. Although this is a safer and minimally invasive method, restenosis and intimal hyperplasia after interventional procedure remains a major hurdle and more refined approaches are needed. Studies in large animal models such as pigs have facilitated a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the disease and provided novel targets for therapeutic intervention. In pre-clinical studies, viral vector gene therapy has emerged as a promising option for the reduction and/or prevention of restenosis and intimal hyperplasia. Although studies in animal models have generated promising results, clinical trials have yet to prove the clinical efficacy of gene therapy in coronary artery diseases. In this review, we examined and critically reviewed the most recent advances in viral vector gene therapy obtained from studies using porcine model of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sannette Hall
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA. .,Department of Clinical and Translational Science, The Peekie Nash Carpenter Endowed Chair in Medicine, School of Medicine, Creighton University, CRISS II Room 510, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Anderson JA, Lamichhane S, Vierhout T, Engebretson D. Determining the cross-talk between smooth muscle cells and macrophages on a cobalt-chromium stent material surface using an in vitro postimplantation coculture model. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 106:673-685. [PMID: 29047206 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and macrophages are important cellular components involved in the development of complications following the implantation of cardiovascular devices. This leads to various disorders such as restenosis, chronic inflammation, and may ultimately result in device failure. In this study, we developed a postimplant stent coculture model using different ratios of SMCs and macrophages seeded on to cobalt-chromium alloy. The macrophages had an increased affinity to the coculture surfaces, which resulted in decreased SMC attachment to the alloy surfaces at the initial time point. Once adhered, the macrophages spread freely and displayed advanced stages of inflammation at 48 h when cocultured with SMCs. This resulted in an increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, interleukin [IL]-6, and IL-8) by 48 h in the coculture samples with the greatest increase observed with the high number of macrophages. Therefore, the increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines promoted the growth of SMCs in coculture to a greater extent than when the SMCs were culture alone. Thus, this study demonstrated the constant cross-talk between SMCs and macrophages occurring on the postimplant stent surface. Similar coculture models can be used to test the biocompatibility of drugs and biomaterials at possible postimplantation scenarios. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 673-685, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A Anderson
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The University of South Dakota, 4800 N. Career Avenue, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107
| | - Sujan Lamichhane
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The University of South Dakota, 4800 N. Career Avenue, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107
| | - Thomas Vierhout
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The University of South Dakota, 4800 N. Career Avenue, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107
| | - Daniel Engebretson
- Biomedical Engineering Department, The University of South Dakota, 4800 N. Career Avenue, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Park HS, Quan KT, Han JH, Jung SH, Lee DH, Jo E, Lim TW, Heo KS, Na M, Myung CS. Rubiarbonone C inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells through the focal adhesion kinase, MAPK and STAT3 Tyr 705 signalling pathways. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4140-4154. [PMID: 28832962 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are important steps in cardiovascular diseases, including neointimal lesion formation, myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. Here, we evaluated the rubiarbonone C-mediated signalling pathways that regulate PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation and migration. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cell proliferation and migration were measured in cells treated with rubiarbonone C followed by PDGF BB using the MTT assay, [3 H]-thymidine incorporation, flow cytometry and wound-healing migration assay, MMP gelatin zymography, a fluorescence assay for F-actin. Western blotting of molecules including MAPK, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and STAT3 and an immunofluorescence assay using anti-PCNA and -STAT3 antibodies were performed to evaluate rubiarbonone C signalling pathway(s). The medial thickness of the carotid artery was evaluated using a mouse carotid ligation model. KEY RESULTS Rubiarbonone C inhibited PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation and migration and diminished the ligation-induced increase in medial thickness of the carotid artery. In PDGF-stimulated VSMCs rubiarbonone C decreased the following: (i) levels of cyclin-dependent kinases, cyclins, PCNA and hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein; (ii) levels and activity of MMP2 and MMP9; (iii) activation of MAPK; (iv) F-actin reorganization, by reducing FAK activation; (v) activation of STAT3. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings suggest that rubiarbonone C inhibits the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by inhibiting the FAK, MAPK and STAT3 signalling pathways. Therefore, rubiarbonone C could be a good candidate for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Soo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Standardization, National Institute of Medicinal Materials, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Joo-Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eunji Jo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae-Wan Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Heo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea.,Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Myung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Korea.,Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu D, Wu M, Du Q, Ding Z, Qian M, Tong Z, Xu W, Zhang L, Chang H, Wang Y, Huang C, Lin D. The apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide, D-4F, restrains neointimal formation through heme oxygenase-1 up-regulation. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:3810-3820. [PMID: 28767201 PMCID: PMC5706511 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
D‐4F, an apolipoprotein A‐I (apoA‐I) mimetic peptide, possesses distinctly anti‐atherogenic effects. However, the biological functions and mechanisms of D‐4F on the hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remain unclear. This study aimed to determine its roles in the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. In vitro, D‐4F inhibited VSMC proliferation and migration induced by ox‐LDL in a dose‐dependent manner. D‐4F up‐regulated heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) expression in VSMCs, and the PI3K/Akt/AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway was involved in these processes. HO‐1 down‐regulation with siRNA or inhibition with zinc protoporphyrin (Znpp) impaired the protective effects of D‐4F on the oxidative stress and the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Moreover, down‐regulation of ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) abolished the activation of Akt and AMPK, the up‐regulation of HO‐1 and the anti‐oxidative effects of D‐4F. In vivo, D‐4F restrained neointimal formation and oxidative stress of carotid arteries in balloon‐injured Sprague Dawley rats. And inhibition of HO‐1 with Znpp decreased the inhibitory effects of D‐4F on neointimal formation and ROS production in arteries. In conclusion, D‐4F inhibited VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro and neointimal formation in vivo through HO‐1 up‐regulation, which provided a novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategy for anti‐restenosis of arteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mengzhang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Union Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Union Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingming Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zijia Tong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Union Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Xu
- High-field NMR Research Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - He Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Caihua Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
| | - Donghai Lin
- High-field NMR Research Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Feng J, Zhang J, Jackson AO, Zhu X, Chen H, Chen W, Gui Q, Yin K. Apolipoprotein A1 Inhibits the TGF-β1-Induced Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells. Cardiology 2017; 137:179-187. [PMID: 28434000 DOI: 10.1159/000464321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is the major cytokine for stimulating endothelial cells (ECs) to transdifferentiate to mesenchymal cells (MCs) in the process known as endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). Recently, TGF-β1-induced EndMT has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). It has been identified that apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA-I) obstructs TGF-β1-induced endothelial dysfunction, providing a protective effect for ECs and also anti-AS activity. However, the exact role of ApoA-I in TGF-β1-induced EndMT is not clear. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether ApoA-I can modulate TGF-β1-induced EndMT in human coronary artery ECs (HCAECs). METHODS AND RESULTS The HCAECs were treated with TGF-β1 with or without ApoA-I. Morphological changes in HCAECs and the expression of EndMT-related markers were evaluated. HCAECs treated with TGF-β1 were found to transform to MC morphology, with inconspicuous expression of EC markers such as vascular endothelial cadherin and CD31, and conspicuous expression of fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1) and α-smooth muscle actin. The treatment of HCAECs with ApoA-I inhibited the TGF-β1-induced EndMT, and elevated expression of EC markers was observed but reduced expression of MC markers. Moreover, ApoA-I impeded the expression level of Slug and Snail, crucial transcriptional factors of EndMT, and it inhibited the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 which affected the EC morphology. In addition, the knockdown of ABCA1 by RNA interference eliminated the inhibition effect of ApoA-I on TGF-β1-induced EndMT. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed a novel mechanism for the ApoA-I protective effect on endothelium function via the inhibition of TGF-β1-induced EndMT. This might provide new insights for developing strategies for modulating AS and vascular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juling Feng
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition: A novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2017; 27:383-393. [PMID: 28438397 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a complex biological process in which endothelial cells lose their specific markers and acquire a mesenchymal or myofibroblastic phenotype. Similar to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), EndMT can be induced by multiple stimulants such as cytokines and metabolic factors that play crucial roles in the development of the cardiovascular system. Recent studies have demonstrated that EndMT may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and may represent a novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular remodeling and fibrotic disorders. The exact molecular mechanisms involved in cardiovascular pathogenesis that occur as a result of EndMT, however, are not fully explained. In this review, we reveal the multiple intercellular mechanisms of EndMT including stimulants, signaling pathways, and seek to explore the relationship between this biological process, cardiovascular system development, and CVDs that may lead to new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CVDs.
Collapse
|