1
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Savary P, Lessard JP, Peres-Neto PR. Heterogeneous dispersal networks to improve biodiversity science. Trends Ecol Evol 2024; 39:229-238. [PMID: 37891075 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Dispersal has a key role in shaping spatial patterns of biodiversity, yet its spatial heterogeneity is often overlooked in biodiversity analyses and management strategies. Properly parameterised heterogeneous dispersal networks capture the complex interplay between landscape structure and species-specific dispersal capacities. However, this heterogeneity is recurrently neglected when studying the processes underlying biodiversity variation. To address this gap, we introduce a conceptual framework detailing the fundamental processes driving dispersal heterogeneity and its effects on biodiversity dynamics. We propose methods to parameterise heterogeneous dispersal networks, facilitating their integration into commonly used quantitative frameworks for biodiversity analyses. By considering the architecture of heterogeneous dispersal networks, we demonstrate their critical role in guiding biodiversity management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Savary
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Jean-Philippe Lessard
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Pedro R Peres-Neto
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
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2
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Larsen S, Joyce F, Vaughan IP, Durance I, Walter JA, Ormerod SJ. Climatic effects on the synchrony and stability of temperate headwater invertebrates over four decades. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17017. [PMID: 37933478 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Important clues about the ecological effects of climate change can arise from understanding the influence of other Earth-system processes on ecosystem dynamics but few studies span the inter-decadal timescales required. We, therefore, examined how variation in annual weather patterns associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) over four decades was linked to synchrony and stability in a metacommunity of stream invertebrates across multiple, contrasting headwaters in central Wales (UK). Prolonged warmer and wetter conditions during positive NAO winters appeared to synchronize variations in population and community composition among and within streams thereby reducing stability across levels of ecological organization. This climatically mediated synchronization occurred in all streams irrespective of acid-base status and land use, but was weaker where invertebrate communities were more functionally diverse. Wavelet linear models indicated that variation in the NAO explained up to 50% of overall synchrony in species abundances at a timescale of 4-6 years. The NAO appeared to affect ecological dynamics through local variations in temperature, precipitation and discharge, but increasing hydrochemical variability within sites during wetter winters might have contributed. Our findings illustrate how large-scale climatic fluctuations generated over the North Atlantic can affect population persistence and dynamics in inland freshwater ecosystems in ways that transcend local catchment character. Protecting and restoring functional diversity in stream communities might increase their stability against warmer, wetter conditions that are analogues of ongoing climate change. Catchment management could also dampen impacts and provide options for climate change adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Larsen
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all' Adige, Italy
| | - Fiona Joyce
- Water Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ian P Vaughan
- Water Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Isabelle Durance
- Water Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jonathan A Walter
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Steve J Ormerod
- Water Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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3
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Baldan D, Cunillera-Montcusí D, Funk A, Piniewski M, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Hein T. The effects of longitudinal fragmentation on riverine beta diversity are modulated by fragmentation intensity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166703. [PMID: 37683866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The loss of longitudinal connectivity affects river systems globally, being one of the leading causes of the freshwater biodiversity crisis. Barriers alter the dispersal of aquatic organisms and limit the exchange of species between local communities, disrupting metacommunity dynamics. However, the interplay between connectivity losses due to dams and other drivers of metacommunity structure, such as the configuration of the river network, needs to be explored. In this paper, we analyzed the response of fish communities to the network position and the fragmentation induced by dams while controlling for human pressures and environmental gradients. We studied three large European catchments covering a fragmentation gradient: Upper Danube (Austrian section), Ebro (Spain), and Odra/Oder (Poland). We quantified fragmentation through reach-scaled connectivity indices that account for the position of barriers along the dendritic network and the dispersal capacity of the organisms. We used generalized linear models to explain species richness and Local Contributions to Beta Diversity (LCBD) and multilinear regressions on the distance matrix to describe Beta Diversity and its Replacement and Richness Difference components. Results show that species richness was not affected by fragmentation. Network centrality metrics were relevant drivers of beta diversity for catchments with lower fragmentation (Ebro, Odra), and fragmentation indices were strong beta diversity predictors for the catchment with higher fragmentation (Danube). We conclude that in highly fragmented catchments, the effects of network centrality/isolation on biodiversity could be masked by the effects of dam fragmentation. In such catchments, metapopulation and metacommunity dynamics can be strongly altered by barriers, and the restoration of longitudinal connectivity (i.e. the natural centrality/isolation gradient) is urgent to prevent local extinctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Baldan
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Reaserch (ISPRA), Campo S. Provolo, 4665, 30122 Venezia, Italy; National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics - OGS, Trieste, Italy.
| | - David Cunillera-Montcusí
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain; Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental, Centro Universitario Regional del Este (CURE), Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó s/n, Maldonado, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrea Funk
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Meta Ecosystem Dynamics in Riverine Landscapes, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor Mendel Str. 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station, Dr. Carl-Kupelwieser-Prom. 5, 3293 Lunz am See, Austria
| | - Mikołaj Piniewski
- Department of Hydrology, Meteorology and Water Management, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Carrer de Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Hein
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Meta Ecosystem Dynamics in Riverine Landscapes, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor Mendel Str. 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station, Dr. Carl-Kupelwieser-Prom. 5, 3293 Lunz am See, Austria.
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4
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Datry T, Boulton AJ, Fritz K, Stubbington R, Cid N, Crabot J, Tockner K. Non-perennial segments in river networks. NATURE REVIEWS. EARTH & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 4:815-830. [PMID: 38784683 PMCID: PMC11110531 DOI: 10.1038/s43017-023-00495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Non-perennial river segments - those that recurrently cease to flow or frequently dry - occur in all river networks and are globally more abundant than perennial (always flowing) segments. However, research and management have historically focused on perennial river segments. In this Review, we outline how non-perennial segments are integral parts of river networks. Repeated cycles of flowing, non-flowing and dry phases in non-perennial segments influence biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics at different spatial scales, from individual segments to entire river networks. Varying configurations of perennial and non-perennial segments govern physical, chemical and ecological responses to changes in the flow regimes of each river network, especially in response to human activities. The extent of non-perennial segments in river networks has increased owing to warming, changing hydrological patterns and human activities, and this increase is predicted to continue. Moreover, the dry phases of flow regimes are expected to be longer, drier and more frequent, albeit with high regional variability. These changes will likely impact biodiversity, potentially tipping some ecosystems to compromised stable states. Effective river-network management must recognize ecosystem services (such as flood risk management and groundwater recharge) provided by non-perennial segments and ensure their legislative and regulatory protection, which is often lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Datry
- INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 5 rue de la Doua CS70077, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Andrew J Boulton
- Ecosystem Management, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, 2350, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ken Fritz
- Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268 USA
| | - Rachel Stubbington
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Nuria Cid
- IRTA Marine and Continental Waters Programme, Ctra de Poble Nou Km 5.5, E43540, La Ràpita, Catalonia, Spain
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julie Crabot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, UMR GEOLAB, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Klement Tockner
- Senckenberg Society for Nature Research and Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt a. M., Germany
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5
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Carraro L, Blackman RC, Altermatt F. Modelling environmental DNA transport in rivers reveals highly resolved spatio-temporal biodiversity patterns. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8854. [PMID: 37258598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35614-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing threats to riverine ecosystems call for novel approaches for highly resolved biodiversity assessments across taxonomic groups and spatio-temporal scales. Recent advances in the joint use of environmental DNA (eDNA) data and eDNA transport models in rivers (e.g., eDITH) allow uncovering the full structure of riverine biodiversity, hence elucidating ecosystem processes and supporting conservation measures. We applied eDITH to a metabarcoding dataset covering three taxonomic groups (fish, invertebrates, bacteria) and three seasons for a catchment sampled for eDNA at 73 sites. We upscaled eDNA-based biodiversity predictions to approximately 1900 reaches, and assessed α- and β-diversity patterns across seasons and taxonomic groups over the whole network. Genus richness predicted by eDITH was generally higher than values from direct eDNA analysis. Both predicted α- and β-diversity varied depending on season and taxonomic group. Predicted fish α-diversity increased downstream in all seasons, while invertebrate and bacteria α-diversity either decreased downstream or were unrelated to network position. Spatial β-diversity mostly decreased downstream, especially for bacteria. The eDITH model yielded a more refined assessment of freshwater biodiversity as compared to raw eDNA data, both in terms of spatial coverage, diversity patterns and effect of covariates, thus providing a more complete picture of freshwater biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Carraro
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Rosetta C Blackman
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Florian Altermatt
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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6
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Li F, Zhang Y, Altermatt F, Yang J, Zhang X. Destabilizing Effects of Environmental Stressors on Aquatic Communities and Interaction Networks across a Major River Basin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7828-7839. [PMID: 37155929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Human-driven environmental stressors are increasingly threatening species survival and diversity of river systems worldwide. However, it remains unclear how the stressors affect the stability changes across aquatic multiple communities. Here, we used environmental DNA (eDNA) data sets from a human-dominated river in China over 3 years and analyzed the stability changes in multiple communities under persistent anthropogenic stressors, including land use and pollutants. First, we found that persistent stressors significantly reduced multifaceted species diversity (e.g., species richness, Shannon's diversity, and Simpson's diversity) and species stability but increased species synchrony across multiple communities. Second, the structures of interaction networks inferred from an empirical meta-food web were significantly changed under persistent stressors, for example, resulting in decreased network modularity and negative/positive cohesion. Third, piecewise structural equation modeling proved that the persistent stress-induced decline in the stability of multiple communities mainly depended upon diversity-mediated pathways rather than the direct effects of stress per se; specifically, the increase of species synchrony and the decline of interaction network modularity were the main biotic drivers of stability variation. Overall, our study highlights the destabilizing effects of persistent stressors on multiple communities as well as the mechanistic dependencies, mainly through reducing species diversity, increasing species synchrony, and changing interaction networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Florian Altermatt
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jianghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
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7
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Tu T, Comte L, Ruhi A. The color of environmental noise in river networks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1728. [PMID: 36977667 PMCID: PMC10050181 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite its far-reaching implications for conservation and natural resource management, little is known about the color of environmental noise, or the structure of temporal autocorrelation in random environmental variation, in streams and rivers. Here, we analyze the geography, drivers, and timescale-dependence of noise color in streamflow across the U.S. hydrography, using streamflow time series from 7504 gages. We find that daily and annual flows are dominated by red and white spectra respectively, and spatial variation in noise color is explained by a combination of geographic, hydroclimatic, and anthropogenic variables. Noise color at the daily scale is influenced by stream network position, and land use and water management explain around one third of the spatial variation in noise color irrespective of the timescale considered. Our results highlight the peculiarities of environmental variation regimes in riverine systems, and reveal a strong human fingerprint on the stochastic patterns of streamflow variation in river networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongbi Tu
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 519082, China.
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94702, USA.
| | - Lise Comte
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, 61790, USA
| | - Albert Ruhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94702, USA
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8
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Zhou YD, Qian H, Jin Y, Xiao KY, Yan X, Wang QF. Geographic patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity of aquatic angiosperms in China. PLANT DIVERSITY 2023; 45:177-184. [PMID: 37069935 PMCID: PMC10105238 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
China covers a vast territory harbouring a large number of aquatic plants. Although there are many studies on the β-diversity of total, herbaceous or woody plants in China and elsewhere, few studies have focused on aquatic plants. Here, we analyse a comprehensive data set of 889 aquatic angiosperm species in China, and explore the geographic patterns and climatic correlates of total taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity as well as their turnover and nestedness components. Our results show that geographic patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity are highly congruent for aquatic angiosperms, and taxonomic β-diversity is consistently higher than phylogenetic β-diversity. The ratio between the nestedness component and total β-diversity is high in northwestern China and low in southeastern China. The geographic patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity of aquatic angiosperms in China are obviously affected by geographic and climatic distances, respectively. In conclusion, the geographic patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity of aquatic angiosperms are consistent across China. Climatic and geographic distances jointly affect the geographic patterns of β-diversity of aquatic angiosperms. Overall, our work provides insight into understanding the large-scale patterns of aquatic angiosperm β-diversity, and is a critical addition to previous studies on the macroecological patterns of terrestrial organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Qian
- Research and Collections Center, Illinois State Museum, Springfield, Illinois, USA
| | - Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ke-Yan Xiao
- Wuhan Botanical Garden/Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xue Yan
- Wuhan Botanical Garden/Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center (SAJOREC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Qing-Feng Wang
- Wuhan Botanical Garden/Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center (SAJOREC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
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9
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Carvajal-Quintero J, Comte L, Giam X, Olden JD, Brose U, Erős T, Filipe AF, Fortin MJ, Irving K, Jacquet C, Larsen S, Ruhi A, Sharma S, Villalobos F, Tedesco PA. Scale of population synchrony confirms macroecological estimates of minimum viable range size. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:291-301. [PMID: 36468276 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Global ecosystems are facing a deepening biodiversity crisis, necessitating robust approaches to quantifying species extinction risk. The lower limit of the macroecological relationship between species range and body size has long been hypothesized as an estimate of the relationship between the minimum viable range size (MVRS) needed for species persistence and the organismal traits that affect space and resource requirements. Here, we perform the first explicit test of this assumption by confronting the MVRS predicted by the range-body size relationship with an independent estimate based on the scale of synchrony in abundance among spatially separated populations of riverine fish. We provide clear evidence of a positive relationship between the scale of synchrony and species body size, and strong support for the MVRS set by the lower limit of the range-body size macroecological relationship. This MVRS may help prioritize first evaluations for unassessed or data-deficient taxa in global conservation assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carvajal-Quintero
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lise Comte
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
| | - Xingli Giam
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ulrich Brose
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tibor Erős
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, ELKH, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Ana Filipa Filipe
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Associate Laboratory TERRA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marie-Josée Fortin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie Irving
- Department of Biology, Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, California, USA
| | - Claire Jacquet
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Larsen
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Albert Ruhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Sapna Sharma
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fabricio Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Macroecología Evolutiva, Red de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Pablo A Tedesco
- UMR EDB, IRD 253, CNRS 5174, UPS, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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10
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Ekanayake EMEK, Angus Webb J, Stewardson MJ. The effect of population model choice and network topologies on extinction time patterns in dendritic ecological networks. J Theor Biol 2023; 556:111314. [PMID: 36252842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Models of populations in habitat networks are vital for understanding and linking processes and patterns across individuals, environments, ecological interactions, and population structures. River ecosystem models combine the physical structure of the networks with the biological processes of the organisms using structural and functional models, respectively. Previous studies on dendritic river networks have employed different functional (population) models and either directly claimed or implied that the results illustrate general properties of actual river systems. However, these studies have used different approaches and assumptions when modeling population characteristics and behavior, and it is possible that inferences regarding a system may vary based on the combination of functional model and the spatial structure of a network. This study aims to understand if different functional models in river systems produce substantially different model results and, therefore, whether conclusions are model-dependent. We compare variation in extinction time and occupancy proportion of river networks with linear, trellis, dendritic and ring-lattice topologies, using three population models (uniform, age-class and individual based) and one metapopulation-based (patch-occupancy) model. Dendritic, linear, and trellis structures did not show notable differences among extinction times for any of the four models. The difference between topologies was higher for the patch-occupancy model compared to the three population models. There were significant differences in the variations of patch-occupancy between the metapopulation and the population models, but the three population models of differing complexity produced broadly similar results. Therefore, if the occupancy data is obtained based on local subpopulations, spatial arrangement and connectivity does not appear to be the sole predictor of single-species metapopulation responses. We conclude that the outputs from functional models are robust to assumptions and varying levels of detail as long as they contain at least some detail at the level of individuals within habitat nodes. Also, if we are modeling network-scale populations, models that include at least some detailed information on individuals are a far better choice than considering populations implicitly.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M E K Ekanayake
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - J Angus Webb
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J Stewardson
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Maitland BM, Latzka AW. Shifting climate conditions affect recruitment in Midwestern stream trout, but depend on seasonal and spatial context. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan M. Maitland
- Aquatic Science Center University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Fisheries Management Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Alexander W. Latzka
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Fisheries Management Madison Wisconsin USA
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12
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Tsuboi J, Morita K, Koseki Y, Endo S, Sahashi G, Kishi D, Kikko T, Ishizaki D, Nunokawa M, Kanno Y. Small giants: tributaries rescue spatially structured populations from extirpation in a highly fragmented stream. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐ichi Tsuboi
- Research Center for Freshwater Fisheries, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Nikko, 321‐1661 Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba Japan
| | - Yusuke Koseki
- Department of Life Design, Faculty of Home Economics, Otsuma Women's University Tokyo Japan
| | - Shinsuke Endo
- Doutor Coffee Co. Ltd., Jin‐nan, Shibuya Tokyo Japan
| | - Genki Sahashi
- Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency Sapporo Japan
| | - Daisuke Kishi
- Gero Branch Gifu Prefectural Research Institute for Fisheries and Aquatic Environments Gero Japan
| | - Takeshi Kikko
- Department of Fisheries Faculty of Agriculture Kindai University Nara Japan
| | - Daisuke Ishizaki
- Shiga Prefectural Fisheries Experiment Station, 2138‐3, Hassaka Hikone Shiga Japan
| | | | - Yoichiro Kanno
- Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA
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13
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Walter JA, Castorani MCN, Bell TW, Sheppard L, Cavanaugh KC, Reuman DC. Tail-dependent spatial synchrony arises from nonlinear driver-response relationships. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1189-1201. [PMID: 35246946 PMCID: PMC9543197 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Spatial synchrony may be tail-dependent, that is, stronger when populations are abundant than scarce, or vice-versa. Here, 'tail-dependent' follows from distributions having a lower tail consisting of relatively low values and an upper tail of relatively high values. We present a general theory of how the distribution and correlation structure of an environmental driver translates into tail-dependent spatial synchrony through a non-linear response, and examine empirical evidence for theoretical predictions in giant kelp along the California coastline. In sheltered areas, kelp declines synchronously (lower-tail dependence) when waves are relatively intense, because waves below a certain height do little damage to kelp. Conversely, in exposed areas, kelp is synchronised primarily by periods of calmness that cause shared recovery (upper-tail dependence). We find evidence for geographies of tail dependence in synchrony, which helps structure regional population resilience: areas where population declines are asynchronous may be more resilient to disturbance because remnant populations facilitate reestablishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Walter
- Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Max C. N. Castorani
- Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Tom W. Bell
- Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods HoleMassachusettsUSA
| | - Lawrence W. Sheppard
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Center for Ecological Research and Kansas Biological SurveyUniversity of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
- Marine Biological Association of the United KingdomPlymouthUK
| | - Kyle C. Cavanaugh
- Department of GeographyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Daniel C. Reuman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Center for Ecological Research and Kansas Biological SurveyUniversity of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
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14
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Rowland FE, Schyling ES, Freidenburg LK, Urban MC, Richardson JL, Arietta AZA, Rodrigues SB, Rubinstein AD, Benard MF, Skelly DK. Asynchrony, density dependence, and persistence in an amphibian. Ecology 2022; 103:e3696. [PMID: 35352342 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding drivers of metapopulation dynamics remains a critical challenge for ecology and conservation. In particular, the degree of synchrony in metapopulation dynamics determines how resilient a metapopulation is to a widespread disturbance. In this study, we used 21 years of egg mass count data across 64 nonpermanent freshwater ponds in Connecticut, USA to evaluate patterns of abundance and growth and to assess regional as well as local factors in shaping the population dynamics of wood frogs (Rana sylvatica = Lithobates sylvaticus). In particular, we asked whether a species known to undergo metapopulation dynamics exhibited spatial synchrony in abundances. With the exception of a single year when breeding took place during severe drought conditions, our analyses revealed no evidence of synchrony despite close proximity (mean minimum distance <300 m) of breeding ponds across the 3213 ha study area. Instead, local, pond-scale conditions best predicted patterns of abundance and population growth rate. We found negative density dependence on population growth rate within ponds as well as evidence that larger neighboring pond populations had a negative effect on focal ponds. Beyond density, pond depth was a critical predictor; deeper ponds supported larger populations. Drought conditions and warm winters negatively affected populations. Overall, breeding ponds vary in critical ways that either support larger, more persistent populations or smaller populations that are not represented by breeding pairs in some years. The infrequency of spatial synchrony in this system is surprising and suggests greater resilience to stressors than would have been expected if dynamics were strongly synchronized. More generally, understanding the characteristics of systems that determine synchronous population dynamics will be critical to predicting which species are more or less resilient to widespread disturbances like land conversion or climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya E Rowland
- School of the Environment, Yale University 370 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Mark C Urban
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Center of Biological Risk, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | | | - A Z Andis Arietta
- School of the Environment, Yale University 370 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Susan B Rodrigues
- Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Michael F Benard
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David K Skelly
- School of the Environment, Yale University 370 Prospect St, New Haven, CT, USA.,Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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15
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Chevalier M, Tedesco P, Grenouillet G. Spatial patterns in the contribution of biotic and abiotic factors to the population dynamics of three freshwater fish species. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12857. [PMID: 35228906 PMCID: PMC8881916 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population dynamics are driven by a number of biotic (e.g., density-dependence) and abiotic (e.g., climate) factors whose contribution can greatly vary across study systems (i.e., populations). Yet, the extent to which the contribution of these factors varies across populations and between species and whether spatial patterns can be identified has received little attention. METHODS Here, we used a long-term (1982-2011), broad scale (182 sites distributed across metropolitan France) dataset to study spatial patterns in the population's dynamics of three freshwater fish species presenting contrasted life-histories and patterns of elevation range shifts in recent decades. We used a hierarchical Bayesian approach together with an elasticity analysis to estimate the relative contribution of a set of biotic (e.g., strength of density dependence, recruitment rate) and abiotic (mean and variability of water temperature) factors affecting the site-specific dynamic of two different size classes (0+ and >0+ individuals) for the three species. We then tested whether the local contribution of each factor presented evidence for biogeographical patterns by confronting two non-mutually exclusive hypotheses: the "range-shift" hypothesis that predicts a gradient along elevation or latitude and the "abundant-center" hypothesis that predicts a gradient from the center to the edge of the species' distributional range. RESULTS Despite contrasted life-histories, the three species displayed similar large-scale patterns in population dynamics with a much stronger contribution of biotic factors over abiotic ones. Yet, the contribution of the different factors strongly varied within distributional ranges and followed distinct spatial patterns. Indeed, while abiotic factors mostly varied along elevation, biotic factors-which disproportionately contributed to population dynamics-varied along both elevation and latitude. CONCLUSIONS Overall while our results provide stronger support for the range-shift hypothesis, they also highlight the dual effect of distinct factors on spatial patterns in population dynamics and can explain the overall difficulty to find general evidence for geographic gradients in natural populations. We propose that considering the separate contribution of the factors affecting population dynamics could help better understand the drivers of abundance-distribution patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Chevalier
- Centre de Bretagne, DYNECO, Laboratoire d’Ecologie Benthique Côtière (LEBCO), IFREMER, Plouzané, France
| | - Pablo Tedesco
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Gael Grenouillet
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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16
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Hsieh TT, Chiu MC, Resh VH, Kuo MH. Biological traits can mediate species-specific, quasi-extinction risks of macroinvertebrates in streams experiencing frequent extreme floods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150313. [PMID: 34555608 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most research on the ecological responses to extreme floods examines impacts at short time scales, whereas long-term datasets combining hydrological and biological information remain rare. Using such data, we applied time-series analysis to investigate simultaneous effects of a biotic factor (density dependence), an abiotic factor (extreme floods), and spatial synchrony in the population dynamics of three riverine insects. Spatial synchronization of population dynamics by extreme floods varied among species. These different responses to extreme floods could be explained by species-specific biological traits. Moreover, density dependence influenced the population dynamics under the context of extreme floods. Accordingly, quasi-extinction risks were highest for species that were simultaneously influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. An understanding of ecological responses to increasing hydrological extremes may be enhanced by recognizing long-term, climatic non-stationarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Tse Hsieh
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Chiu
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan; Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Japan.
| | - Vincent H Resh
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California Berkeley, USA
| | - Mei-Hwa Kuo
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan.
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17
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Assessing Natura 2000 coverage of river fish species in Greece: What do field surveys show? J Nat Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2021.126054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Tamario C, Degerman E, Polic D, Tibblin P, Forsman A. Size, connectivity and edge effects of stream habitats explain spatio-temporal variation in brown trout ( Salmo trutta) density. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20211255. [PMID: 34666525 PMCID: PMC8527210 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecological theory postulates that the size and isolation of habitat patches impact the colonization/extinction dynamics that determine community species richness and population persistence. Given the key role of lotic habitats for life-history completion in rheophilic fish, evaluating how the distribution of swift-flowing habitats affects the abundance and dynamics of subpopulations is essential. Using extensive electrofishing data, we show that merging island biogeography with meta-population theory, where lotic habitats are considered as islands in a lentic matrix, can explain spatio-temporal variation in occurrence and density of brown trout (Salmo trutta). Subpopulations in larger and less isolated lotic habitat patches had higher average densities and smaller between-year density fluctuations. Larger lotic habitat patches also had a lower predicted risk of excessive zero-catches, indicative of lower extinction risk. Trout density further increased with distance from the edge of adjacent lentic habitats with predator (Esox lucius) presence, suggesting that edge- and matrix-related mortality contributes to the observed patterns. These results can inform the prioritization of sites for habitat restoration, dam removal and reintroduction by highlighting the role of suitable habitat size and connectivity in population abundance and stability for riverine fish populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Tamario
- Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, 392 31 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Erik Degerman
- Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Freshwater Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Drottningholm, Sweden
| | - Daniela Polic
- Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, 392 31 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Petter Tibblin
- Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, 392 31 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Anders Forsman
- Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, EEMiS, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, 392 31 Kalmar, Sweden
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19
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Voutsa V, Battaglia D, Bracken LJ, Brovelli A, Costescu J, Díaz Muñoz M, Fath BD, Funk A, Guirro M, Hein T, Kerschner C, Kimmich C, Lima V, Messé A, Parsons AJ, Perez J, Pöppl R, Prell C, Recinos S, Shi Y, Tiwari S, Turnbull L, Wainwright J, Waxenecker H, Hütt MT. Two classes of functional connectivity in dynamical processes in networks. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20210486. [PMID: 34665977 PMCID: PMC8526174 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between network structure and dynamics is one of the most extensively investigated problems in the theory of complex systems of recent years. Understanding this relationship is of relevance to a range of disciplines-from neuroscience to geomorphology. A major strategy of investigating this relationship is the quantitative comparison of a representation of network architecture (structural connectivity, SC) with a (network) representation of the dynamics (functional connectivity, FC). Here, we show that one can distinguish two classes of functional connectivity-one based on simultaneous activity (co-activity) of nodes, the other based on sequential activity of nodes. We delineate these two classes in different categories of dynamical processes-excitations, regular and chaotic oscillators-and provide examples for SC/FC correlations of both classes in each of these models. We expand the theoretical view of the SC/FC relationships, with conceptual instances of the SC and the two classes of FC for various application scenarios in geomorphology, ecology, systems biology, neuroscience and socio-ecological systems. Seeing the organisation of dynamical processes in a network either as governed by co-activity or by sequential activity allows us to bring some order in the myriad of observations relating structure and function of complex networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venetia Voutsa
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Demian Battaglia
- Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (UMR 1106), Marseille, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies (USIAS), Strasbourg 67083, France
| | | | - Andrea Brovelli
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (UMR 7289), Marseille, France
| | - Julia Costescu
- Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Mario Díaz Muñoz
- Department of Sustainability, Governance and Methods, Modul University Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Brian D. Fath
- Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, Maryland 21252, USA
- Advancing Systems Analysis Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg 2361, Austria
- Department of Environmental Studies, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Funk
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management (IHG), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1180 Vienna, Austria
- WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station GmbH, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Promenade 5, 3293 Lunz am See, Austria
| | - Mel Guirro
- Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Thomas Hein
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management (IHG), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1180 Vienna, Austria
- WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station GmbH, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Promenade 5, 3293 Lunz am See, Austria
| | - Christian Kerschner
- Department of Sustainability, Governance and Methods, Modul University Vienna, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Environmental Studies, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Christian Kimmich
- Department of Environmental Studies, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- Regional Science and Environmental Research, Institute for Advanced Studies, 1080 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vinicius Lima
- Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (UMR 1106), Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (UMR 7289), Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Messé
- Department of Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg University, Germany
| | | | - John Perez
- Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Ronald Pöppl
- Department of Geography and Regional Research, University of Vienna, Universitätsstr. 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christina Prell
- Department of Cultural Geography, University of Groningen, 9747 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sonia Recinos
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management (IHG), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yanhua Shi
- Department of Environmental Studies, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Shubham Tiwari
- Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Laura Turnbull
- Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - John Wainwright
- Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Harald Waxenecker
- Department of Environmental Studies, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marc-Thorsten Hütt
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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20
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Sharma A, Dubey VK, Johnson JA, Rawal YK, Sivakumar K. Dendritic prioritization through spatial stream network modeling informs targeted management of Himalayan riverscapes under brown trout invasion. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Sarremejane R, Stubbington R, England J, Sefton CEM, Eastman M, Parry S, Ruhi A. Drought effects on invertebrate metapopulation dynamics and quasi-extinction risk in an intermittent river network. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:4024-4039. [PMID: 34032337 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ecological communities can remain stable in the face of disturbance if their constituent species have different resistance and resilience strategies. In turn, local stability scales up regionally if heterogeneous landscapes maintain spatial asynchrony across discrete populations-but not if large-scale stressors synchronize environmental conditions and biological responses. Here, we hypothesized that droughts could drastically decrease the stability of invertebrate metapopulations both by filtering out poorly adapted species locally, and by synchronizing their dynamics across a river network. We tested this hypothesis via multivariate autoregressive state-space (MARSS) models on spatially replicated, long-term data describing aquatic invertebrate communities and hydrological conditions in a set of temperate, lowland streams subject to seasonal and supraseasonal drying events. This quantitative approach allowed us to assess the influence of local (flow magnitude) and network-scale (hydrological connectivity) drivers on invertebrate long-term trajectories, and to simulate near-future responses to a range of drought scenarios. We found that fluctuations in species abundances were heterogeneous across communities and driven by a combination of hydrological and stochastic drivers. Among metapopulations, increasing extent of dry reaches reduced the abundance of functional groups with low resistance or resilience capacities (i.e. low ability to persist in situ or recolonize from elsewhere, respectively). Our simulations revealed that metapopulation quasi-extinction risk for taxa vulnerable to drought increased exponentially as flowing habitats contracted within the river network, whereas the risk for taxa with resistance and resilience traits remained stable. Our results suggest that drought can be a synchronizing agent in riverscapes, potentially leading to regional quasi-extinction of species with lower resistance and resilience abilities. Better recognition of drought-driven synchronization may increase realism in species extinction forecasts as hydroclimatic extremes continue to intensify worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Sarremejane
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- INRAE, UR RiverLY, Centre de Lyon-Grenoble Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Rachel Stubbington
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Michael Eastman
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Simon Parry
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Albert Ruhi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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22
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Fortin MJ, Dale MRT, Brimacombe C. Network ecology in dynamic landscapes. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20201889. [PMID: 33906397 PMCID: PMC8080002 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Network ecology is an emerging field that allows researchers to conceptualize and analyse ecological networks and their dynamics. Here, we focus on the dynamics of ecological networks in response to environmental changes. Specifically, we formalize how network topologies constrain the dynamics of ecological systems into a unifying framework in network ecology that we refer to as the 'ecological network dynamics framework'. This framework stresses that the interplay between species interaction networks and the spatial layout of habitat patches is key to identifying which network properties (number and weights of nodes and links) and trade-offs among them are needed to maintain species interactions in dynamic landscapes. We conclude that to be functional, ecological networks should be scaled according to species dispersal abilities in response to landscape heterogeneity. Determining how such effective ecological networks change through space and time can help reveal their complex dynamics in a changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fortin
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark R. T. Dale
- Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chris Brimacombe
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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