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Thomas PA, Kinsey ST. Hypoxia Tolerance of Two Killifish Species. Integr Comp Biol 2024:icae144. [PMID: 39238158 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icae144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia tolerance in aquatic ectotherms involves a suite of behavioral and physiological responses at the organismal, tissue, and cellular levels. The current study evaluated two closely related killifish species (Fundulus heteroclitus, Fundulus majalis) to evaluate responses to acute moderate and acute severe hypoxia. Routine metabolic rate and loss of equilibrium were assessed, followed by analysis in skeletal muscle of markers of oxidative damage to proteins (2,4-DNPH), lipids (4-HNE), and DNA (8-OHdG), hypoxia signaling (HIF1α, HIF2α), cellular energy state (p-AMPK: AMPK), and protein degradation (Ubiquitin, LC3B, Calpain 2, Hsp70). Both species had a similar reduction in metabolic rate at low PO2. However, F. heteroclitus was the more hypoxia-tolerant species based on a lower PO2 at which there was loss of equilibrium, perhaps due in part to a lower oxygen demand at all oxygen tensions. Despite the differences in hypoxia tolerance between the species, skeletal muscle molecular markers were largely insensitive to hypoxia, and there were few differences in responses between the species. Thus, the metabolic depression observed at the whole animal level appears to limit perturbations in skeletal muscle in both species during the hypoxia treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton A Thomas
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA
| | - Stephen T Kinsey
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA
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Wang L, Liu H, Zhou L, Zheng P, Li H, Zhang H, Liu W. Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Evidence, Mechanism, and Treatment. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:917-933. [PMID: 39006248 PMCID: PMC11244635 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s468420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common sleep-disordered breathing condition, is characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) and sleep fragmentation and has been implicated in the pathogenesis and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Abnormal molecular changes mediated by IH, such as high expression of hypoxia-inducible factors, are reportedly involved in abnormal pathophysiological states, including insulin resistance, abnormal lipid metabolism, cell death, and inflammation, which mediate the development of NAFLD. However, the relationship between IH and NAFLD remains to be fully elucidated. In this review, we discuss the clinical correlation between OSA and NAFLD, focusing on the molecular mechanisms of IH in NAFLD progression. We meticulously summarize clinical studies evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure treatment for NAFLD in OSA. Additionally, we compile potential molecular biomarkers for the co-occurrence of OSA and NAFLD. Finally, we discuss the current research progress and challenges in the field of OSA and NAFLD and propose future directions and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengdou Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Villareal LB, Falcon DM, Xie L, Xue X. Hypoxia-inducible factor 3α1 increases epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and iron uptake to drive colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1904-1915. [PMID: 38693428 PMCID: PMC11183190 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02699-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-3α1's role in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, especially its effects on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) gene expression, and iron metabolism, remains largely unstudied. This research sought to elucidate these relationships. METHODS RNA-seq was conducted to investigate the impact of HIF-3α1 overexpression in CRC cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assays assessed the direct targeting of ZEB2 by HIF-3α1. Scratch assays measured changes in cell migration following HIF-3α1 overexpression and ZEB2 knockdown. The effects of HIF-3α1 overexpression on colon tumour growth and liver metastasis were examined in vivo. Iron chelation was used to explore the role of iron metabolism in HIF-3α1-mediated EMT and tumour growth. RESULTS HIF-3α1 overexpression induced EMT and upregulated ZEB2 expression, enhancing cancer cell migration. ZEB2 knockdown reduced mesenchymal markers and cell migration. HIF-3α1 promoted colon tumour growth and liver metastasis, increased transferrin receptor (TFRC) expression and cellular iron levels, and downregulated HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and NDRG1. Iron chelation mitigated HIF-3α1-mediated EMT, tumour growth, and survival. CONCLUSIONS HIF-3α1 plays a critical role in colon cancer progression by promoting EMT, iron accumulation, and metastasis through ZEB2 and TFRC regulation, suggesting potential therapeutic targets in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke B Villareal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Daniel M Falcon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Liwei Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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Slawski J, Jaśkiewicz M, Barton A, Kozioł S, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. Regulation of the HIF switch in human endothelial and cancer cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151386. [PMID: 38262137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that reprogram the transcriptome for cells to survive hypoxic insults and oxidative stress. They are important during embryonic development and reprogram the cells to utilize glycolysis when the oxygen levels are extremely low. This metabolic change facilitates normal cell survival as well as cancer cell survival. The key feature in survival is the transition between acute hypoxia and chronic hypoxia, and this is regulated by the transition between HIF-1 expression and HIF-2/HIF-3 expression. This transition is observed in many human cancers and endothelial cells and referred to as the HIF Switch. Here we discuss the mechanisms involved in the HIF Switch in human endothelial and cancer cells which include mRNA and protein levels of the alpha chains of the HIFs. A major continuing effort in this field is directed towards determining the differences between normal and tumor cell utilization of this important pathway, and how this could lead to potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Slawski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Jaśkiewicz
- International Research Agenda 3P, Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Barton
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kozioł
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Rafał Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Rorex C, Cardona SM, Church KA, Rodriguez D, Vanegas D, Saldivar R, Faz B, Cardona AE. Astrogliosis in the GFAP-Cre ERT2:Rosa26 iDTR Mouse Model Does Not Exacerbate Retinal Microglia Activation or Müller Cell Gliosis under Hypoxic Conditions. Biomolecules 2024; 14:567. [PMID: 38785974 PMCID: PMC11117533 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) affects over 140 million people globally. The mechanisms that lead to blindness are still enigmatic but there is evidence that sustained inflammation and hypoxia contribute to vascular damage. Despite efforts to understand the role of inflammation and microglia in DR's pathology, the contribution of astrocytes to hypoxic responses is less clear. To investigate the role of astrocytes in hypoxia-induced retinopathy, we utilized a 7-day systemic hypoxia model using the GFAP-CreERT2:Rosa26iDTR transgenic mouse line. This allows for the induction of inflammatory reactive astrogliosis following tamoxifen and diphtheria toxin administration. We hypothesize that DTx-induced astrogliosis is neuroprotective during hypoxia-induced retinopathy. Glial, neuronal, and vascular responses were quantified using immunostaining, with antibodies against GFAP, vimentin, IBA-1, NeuN, fibrinogen, and CD31. Cytokine responses were measured in both the brain and serum. We report that while both DTx and hypoxia induced a phenotype of reduced microglia morphological activation, DTx, but not hypoxia, induced an increase in the Müller glia marker vimentin. We did not observe that the combination of DTx and hypoxic treatments exacerbated the signs of reactive glial cells, nor did we observe a significant change in the expression immunomodulatory mediators IL-1β, IL2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, CCL17, TGF-β1, GM-CSF, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Overall, our results suggest that, in this hypoxia model, reactive astrogliosis does not alter the inflammatory responses or cause vascular damage in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Rorex
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (C.R.)
| | - Sandra M. Cardona
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (C.R.)
| | - Kaira A. Church
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (C.R.)
| | - Derek Rodriguez
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (C.R.)
- Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Difernando Vanegas
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (C.R.)
| | - Reina Saldivar
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (C.R.)
| | - Brianna Faz
- Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Astrid E. Cardona
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, College of Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (C.R.)
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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Huang Q, You R, Tan M, Cai D, Zou H, Zhang S, Huang H. HIF-1α is an important regulator of IL-8 expression in human bone marrow stromal cells under hypoxic microenvironment. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:543-551. [PMID: 38135806 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01920-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The secretion of IL-8 has been found increasing for different reasons in human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), resulting in poor prognosis in patients with hematologic neoplasms. Hypoxia, a typical feature of numerous hematologic neoplasms microenvironment, often produces hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) which stabilizes and promotes tumor progression. Besides, hypoxic conditions also induce IL-8 production in BMSCs. However, very little is known about the mechanism of increased IL-8 expression in BMSCs caused by hypoxia. In the present study, HIF-1α and IL-8 were found highly expressed in BMSC lines under hypoxic conditions. In addition, the expression and secretion of IL-8 were significantly inhibited by the knockdown of HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, HIF-1α was found to transcriptionally regulate IL-8 by binding to the region of IL-8 promoter at - 147 to - 140. Collectively, these results demonstrate that IL-8's increase is partly due to the hypoxic microenvironment in hematologic neoplasms, and activation of HIF-1α in BMSCs contributes to the induction and transcriptional regulation of IL-8 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Huang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Ruolan You
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Maoqing Tan
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Danni Cai
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Hong Zou
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Shuxia Zhang
- Fujian Institute of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory On Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China
| | - Huifang Huang
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, China.
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Abstract
The timing of life on Earth is remarkable: between individuals of the same species, a highly similar temporal pattern is observed, with shared periods of activity and inactivity each day. At the individual level, this means that over the course of a single day, a person alternates between two states. They are either upright, active, and communicative or they lie down in a state of (un)consciousness called sleep where even the characteristic of neuronal signals in the brain shows distinctive properties. The circadian clock governs both of these time stamps-activity and (apparent) inactivity-making them come and go consistently at the same approximate time each day. This behavior thus represents the meeting of two pervasive systems: the circadian clock and metabolism. In this article, we will describe what is known about how the circadian clock anticipates daily changes in oxygen usage, how circadian clock regulation may relate to normal physiology, and to hypoxia and ischemia that can result from pathologies such as myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sartor
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (F.S., B.F.-B., M.M.)
| | - Borja Ferrero-Bordera
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (F.S., B.F.-B., M.M.)
| | - Jeffrey Haspel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (J.H.)
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, and the Biomedical Center (BMC), Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Paul M Holloway
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (P.M.H.)
| | - Martha Merrow
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (F.S., B.F.-B., M.M.)
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Zhuang J, Shang Q, Rastinejad F, Wu D. Decoding Allosteric Control in Hypoxia-Inducible Factors. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168352. [PMID: 37935255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian family of basic helix-loop-helix-PER-ARNT-SIM (bHLH-PAS) transcription factors possess the ability to sense and respond to diverse environmental and physiological cues. These proteins all share a common structural framework, comprising a bHLH domain, two PAS domains, and transcriptional activation or repression domain. To function effectively as transcription factors, members of the family must form dimers, bringing together bHLH segments to create a functional unit that allows for DNA response element binding. The significance of bHLH-PAS family is underscored by their involvement in many major human diseases, offering potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. Notably, the clear identification of ligand-binding cavities within their PAS domains enables the development of targeted small molecules. Two examples are Belzutifan, targeting hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α, and Tapinarof, targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), both of which have gained regulatory approval recently. Here, we focus on the HIF subfamily. The crystal structures of all three HIF-α proteins have been elucidated, revealing their bHLH and tandem PAS domains are used to engage their dimerization partner aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT, also called HIF-1β). A broad range of recent findings point to a shared allosteric modulation mechanism among these proteins, whereby small-molecules at the PAS-B domains exert direct influence over the HIF-α transcriptional functions. As our understanding of the architectural and allosteric mechanisms of bHLH-PAS proteins continues to advance, the possibility of discovering new therapeutic drugs becomes increasingly promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhuang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qinghong Shang
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Fraydoon Rastinejad
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK.
| | - Dalei Wu
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Zhou J, Lan F, Liu M, Wang F, Ning X, Yang H, Sun H. Hypoxia inducible factor-1ɑ as a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma metastasis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1350187. [PMID: 38327979 PMCID: PMC10847273 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1350187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal tissue. Pulmonary metastasis is usually present upon initial diagnosis, and metastasis is the primary factor affecting the poor prognosis of patients with OS. Current research shows that the ability to regulate the cellular microenvironment is essential for preventing the distant metastasis of OS, and anoxic microenvironments are important features of solid tumors. During hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression levels and stability increase. Increased HIF-1α promotes tumor vascular remodeling, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), and OS cells invasiveness; this leads to distant metastasis of OS cells. HIF-1α plays an essential role in the mechanisms of OS metastasis. In order to develop precise prognostic indicators and potential therapeutic targets for OS treatment, this review examines the molecular mechanisms of HIF-1α in the distant metastasis of OS cells; the signal transduction pathways mediated by HIF-1α are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghu Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fengjun Lan
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fengyan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xu Ning
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Golijanin B, Malshy K, Khaleel S, Lagos G, Amin A, Cheng L, Golijanin D, Mega A. Evolution of the HIF targeted therapy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 121:102645. [PMID: 37879247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2023.102645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer, affecting hundreds of thousands of people worldwide and can affect people of any age. The pathogenesis of ccRCC is most commonly due to biallelic loss of the tumor suppressor gene VHL. VHL is the recognition subunit of an E3-ubiquitin-ligase-complex essential for degradation of the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) 1α and 2α. Dysfunctional degradation of HIF results in overaccumulation, which is particularly concerning with the HIF2α subunit. This leads to nuclear translocation, dimerization, and transactivation of numerous HIF-regulated genes responsible for cell survival and proliferation in ccRCC. FDA-approved therapies for RCC have primarily focused on targeting downstream effectors of HIF, then incorporated immunotherapeutics, and now, novel approaches are moving back to HIF with a focus on interfering with upstream targets. This review summarizes the role of HIF in the pathogenesis of ccRCC, novel HIF2α-focused therapeutic approaches, and opportunities for ccRCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borivoj Golijanin
- The Minimally Invasive Urology Institute at The Miriam Hospital, Division of Urology, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, United States.
| | - Kamil Malshy
- The Minimally Invasive Urology Institute at The Miriam Hospital, Division of Urology, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, United States
| | - Sari Khaleel
- The Minimally Invasive Urology Institute at The Miriam Hospital, Division of Urology, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, United States
| | - Galina Lagos
- Lifespan Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Miriam Hospital, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, United States
| | - Ali Amin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, United States
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, United States
| | - Dragan Golijanin
- The Minimally Invasive Urology Institute at The Miriam Hospital, Division of Urology, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, United States
| | - Anthony Mega
- Lifespan Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Miriam Hospital, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, The Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, United States
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11
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Shi X, Gao F, Zhao X, Pei C, Zhu L, Zhang J, Li C, Li L, Kong X. Role of HIF in fish inflammation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 143:109222. [PMID: 37956798 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducing factor (HIF) is a central transcription factor in cellular oxygen sensing and regulation. It is common that the inflammation always appears in many diseases, like infectious diseases in fishes, and the inflammation is often accompanied by hypoxia, as a hallmark of inflammation. Besides coordinating cellular responses to low oxygen, HIF-mediated hypoxia signaling pathway is also crucial for immune responses such as the regulations of innate immune cell phenotype and function, as well as metabolic reprogramming under the inflammation. However, the understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which HIFs regulate the inflammatory response in fish is still very limited. Here, we review the characteristics of HIF as well as its roles in innate immune cells and the infections caused by bacteria and viruses. The regulatory effects of HIF on the metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells are also discussed and the future research directions are outlooked. This paper will serve as a reference for elucidating the molecular mechanism of HIF regulating inflammation and identifying treatment strategies to target HIF for fish disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Shi
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China; Sanquan Medical College, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Feng Gao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chao Pei
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, PR China.
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Nguyen TVH, Bergmann U, Kietzmann T, Mennerich D. Protein kinase B/AKT phosphorylates hypoxia-inducible factor-3α1 in response to insulin, promoting cell growth and migration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1250000. [PMID: 38020884 PMCID: PMC10665492 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1250000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are best known for their roles in the adaptation to low oxygen environments. Besides hypoxia, HIF-1/2 α-subunits are also regulated by various non-hypoxic stimuli including insulin which can act via the PI3K/protein kinase B (PKB) signaling pathway. However, with respect to insulin little is known about HIF-3α. We aimed to investigate this relationship and found that insulin stimulates HIF-3α expression under both normal and low oxygen conditions. Blocking PKB activity reversed the effects of insulin, indicating that HIF-3α is a direct target of PKB. We identified serine 524, located in the oxygen-dependent degradation domain of HIF-3α, as a phosphorylation site of PKB. Mutating serine 524 impaired binding of PKB to HIF-3α and its ubiquitination, suggesting that PKB regulates HIF-3α stability through phosphorylation, thereby affecting important cellular processes such as cell viability and cell adhesion. Importantly, we discovered that this phosphorylation site also influenced insulin-dependent cell migration. These findings shed light on a novel mechanism by which insulin affects PKB-dependent HIF-3α expression and activity, with potential implications in metabolic diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Daniela Mennerich
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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13
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Liu W, Fan X, Jian B, Wen D, Wang H, Liu Z, Li B. The signaling pathway of hypoxia inducible factor in regulating gut homeostasis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1289102. [PMID: 37965556 PMCID: PMC10641782 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1289102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia represent a condition in which an adequate amount of oxygen supply is missing in the body, and it could be caused by a variety of diseases, including gastrointestinal disorders. This review is focused on the role of hypoxia in the maintenance of the gut homeostasis and related treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The effects of hypoxia on the gut microbiome and its role on the intestinal barrier functionality are also covered, together with the potential role of hypoxia in the development of gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. Finally, we discussed the potential of hypoxia-targeted interventions as a novel therapeutic approach for gastrointestinal disorders. In this review, we highlighted the importance of hypoxia in the maintenance of the gut homeostasis and the potential implications for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xueni Fan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Boshuo Jian
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Hongzhuang Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
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14
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Silina MV, Dzhalilova DS, Makarova OV. Role of MicroRNAs in Regulation of Cellular Response to Hypoxia. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:741-757. [PMID: 37748871 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923060032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia causes changes in transcription of the genes that contribute to adaptation of the cells to low levels of oxygen. The main mechanism regulating cellular response to hypoxia is activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF), which include several isoforms and control expression of more than a thousand genes. HIF activity is regulated at various levels, including by small non-coding RNA molecules called microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs regulate cellular response to hypoxia by influencing activation of HIF, its degradation, and translation of HIF-dependent proteins. At the same time, HIFs also affect miRNAs biogenesis. Data on the relationship of a particular HIF isoform with miRNAs are contradictory, since studies have been performed using different cell lines, various types of experimental animals and clinical material, as well as at different oxygen concentrations and durations of hypoxic exposure. In addition, HIF expression may be affected by the initial resistance of organisms to lack of oxygen, which has not been taken into account in the studies. This review analyzes the data on the effect of hypoxia on biogenesis and functioning of miRNAs, as well as on the effect of miRNAs on mRNAs of the genes involved in adaptation to oxygen deficiency. Understanding the mechanisms of relationship between HIF, hypoxia, and miRNA is necessary to develop new approaches to personalized therapy for diseases accompanied by oxygen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Silina
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, 117418, Russia.
| | - Dzhuliia Sh Dzhalilova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, 117418, Russia
| | - Olga V Makarova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, 117418, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia
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15
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Bartoszewska S, Sławski J, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. HIF-1-Induced hsa-miR-429: Understanding Its Direct Targets as the Key to Developing Cancer Diagnostics and Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112903. [PMID: 37296866 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the regulation of mRNA stability and translation. In spite of our present knowledge on the mechanisms of mRNA regulation by miRNAs, the utilization and translation of these ncRNAs into clinical applications have been problematic. Using hsa-miR-429 as an example, we discuss the limitations encountered in the development of efficient miRNA-related therapies and diagnostic approaches. The miR-200 family members, which include hsa-miR-429, have been shown to be dysregulated in different types of cancer. Although these miR-200 family members have been shown to function in suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor metastasis, and chemoresistance, the experimental results have often been contradictory. These complications involve not only the complex networks involving these noncoding RNAs, but also the problem of identifying false positives. To overcome these limitations, a more comprehensive research strategy is needed to increase our understanding of the mechanisms underlying their biological role in mRNA regulation. Here, we provide a literature analysis of the verified hsa-miR-429 targets in various human research models. A meta-analysis of this work is presented to provide better insights into the role of hsa-miR-429 in cancer diagnosis and any potential therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jakub Sławski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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16
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Mohamed OAA, Tesen HS, Hany M, Sherif A, Abdelwahab MM, Elnaggar MH. The role of hypoxia on prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3873-3884. [PMID: 36787054 PMCID: PMC10042974 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed in men and the fifth-leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Like any solid tumor, the hypoxic microenvironment of prostatic cancer drives hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) to mediate cell adaptions to hypoxic conditions. HIFs direct different signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NOX, and Wnt/β-Catenin to tumor progression depending on the degree of hypoxia. HIFs regulate cytoskeleton protein expression, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which occurs when cancer cells lose cell-to-cell adhesions and start invasion and metastasis. Through activating pathways, the hypoxic microenvironment maintains the self-renewal, potency, and anti-apoptotic function of prostate cancer cells and induces tumor metastasis and transformation. These pathways could serve as a potential target for prostate cancer therapy. HIFs increase the expression of androgen receptors on cancer cells maintaining the growth and survival of prostate cancer and the development of its castration resistance. In this review, we elaborate on the role of hypoxia in prostatic cancer pathogenesis and different hypoxia-induced mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A A Mohamed
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt.,Biomedical Research Department, Tetraploid Team, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba S Tesen
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biomedical Research Department, Tetraploid Team, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Hany
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aya Sherif
- Chemistry & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Biomedical Research Department, Tetraploid Team, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maya Magdy Abdelwahab
- Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt. .,Biomedical Research Department, Tetraploid Team, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Muhammed H Elnaggar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biomedical Research Department, Tetraploid Team, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Kidney tumors associated with germline mutations of FH and SDHB show a CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278108. [PMID: 36455002 PMCID: PMC9714951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations within the Krebs cycle enzyme genes fumarate hydratase (FH) or succinate dehydrogenase (SDHB, SDHC, SDHD) are associated with an increased risk of aggressive and early metastasizing variants of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). These RCCs express significantly increased levels of intracellular fumarate or succinate that inhibit 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, such as the TET enzymes that regulate DNA methylation. This study evaluated the genome-wide methylation profiles of 34 RCCs from patients with RCC susceptibility syndromes and 11 associated normal samples using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. All the HLRCC (FH mutated) and SDHB-RCC (SDHB mutated) tumors demonstrated a distinct CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). HLRCC tumors demonstrated an extensive and relatively uniform level of hypermethylation that showed some correlation with tumor size. SDHB-RCC demonstrated a lesser and more varied pattern of hypermethylation that overlapped in part with the HLRCC hypermethylation. Combined methylation and mRNA expression analysis of the HLRCC tumors demonstrated hypermethylation and transcription downregulation of genes associated with the HIF pathway, HIF3A and CITED4, the WNT pathway, SFRP1, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and MYC expression, OVOL1. These observations were confirmed in the TCGA CIMP-RCC tumors. A selected panel of probes could identify the CIMP tumors and differentiate between HLRCC and SDHB-RCC tumors. This panel accurately detected all CIMP-RCC tumors within the TCGA RCC cohort, identifying them as HLRCC -like, and could potentially be used to create a liquid biopsy-based screening tool. The CIMP signature in these aggressive tumors could provide both a useful biomarker for diagnosis and a target for novel therapies.
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18
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Bartoszewska S, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. The Role of the Hypoxia-Related Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4870. [PMID: 36230792 PMCID: PMC9562011 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite our understanding of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways, the crosstalk between the UPR and the complex signaling networks that different cancers utilize for cell survival remains to be, in most cases, a difficult research barrier. A major problem is the constant variability of different cancer types and the different stages of cancer as well as the complexity of the tumor microenvironments (TME). This complexity often leads to apparently contradictory results. Furthermore, the majority of the studies that have been conducted have utilized two-dimensional in vitro cultures of cancer cells that were exposed to continuous hypoxia, and this approach may not mimic the dynamic and cyclic conditions that are found in solid tumors. Here, we discuss the role of intermittent hypoxia, one of inducers of the UPR in the cellular component of TME, and the way in which intermittent hypoxia induces high levels of reactive oxygen species, the activation of the UPR, and the way in which cancer cells modulate the UPR to aid in their survival. Although the past decade has resulted in defining the complex, novel non-coding RNA-based regulatory networks that modulate the means by which hypoxia influences the UPR, we are now just to beginning to understand some of the connections between hypoxia, the UPR, and the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | - James F. Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14a Street, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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19
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HIF1α Promotes BMP9-Mediated Osteoblastic Differentiation and Vascularization by Interacting with CBFA1. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2475169. [PMID: 36217388 PMCID: PMC9547689 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2475169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) as the most potent osteogenic molecule which initiates the differentiation of stem cells into the osteoblast lineage and regulates angiogenesis, remains unclear how BMP9-regulated angiogenic signaling is coupled to the osteogenic pathway. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is critical for vascularization and osteogenic differentiation and the CBFA1, known as runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) which plays a regulatory role in osteogenesis. This study investigated the combined effect of HIF1α and Runx2 on BMP9-induced osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of the immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEFs). The effect of HIF1α and Runx2 on the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of iMEFs was evaluated. The relationship between HIF1α- and Runx2-mediated angiogenesis during BMP9-regulated osteogenic differentiation of iMEFs was evaluated by ChIP assays. We demonstrated that exogenous expression of HIF1α and Runx2 is coupled to potentiate BMP9-induced osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation both in vitro and animal model. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays (ChIP) showed that Runx2 is a downstream target of HIF1α that regulates BMP9-mediated osteogenesis and angiogenic differentiation. Our findings reveal that HIF1α immediately regulates Runx2 and may originate an essential regulatory thread to harmonize osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation in iMEFs, and this coupling between HIF1α and Runx2 is essential for bone healing.
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20
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Mizuno G, Yamada H, Munetsuna E, Yamazaki M, Ando Y, Fujii R, Tsuboi Y, Teshigawara A, Kageyama I, Osakabe K, Sugimoto K, Ishikawa H, Ichino N, Ohta Y, Ohashi K, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K. Association between the Extent of Peripheral Blood DNA Methylation of HIF3A and Accumulation of Adiposity in community-dwelling Women: The Yakumo Study. Endocr Res 2022; 47:130-137. [PMID: 36104828 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2022.2121967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DNA methylation in the CpG sites of intron 1 of HIF3A is associated with body mass index (BMI). This cross-sectional study investigated correlations between DNA methylation of HIF3A and BMI or adiposity parameters in the Japanese population. METHOD DNA methylation of HIF3A was quantified via pyrosequencing. RESULT DNA methylation of HIF3A differed only in women; DNA methylation level at cg27146050 was associated with visceral adipose tissue thickness and correlated with BMI and percent (%) body fat after excluding smokers. CONCLUSION Peripheral blood DNA methylation at the CpG site (cg27146050) of HIF3A correlated with VAT thickness in Japanese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Mizuno
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teshigawara
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Itsuki Kageyama
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Keisuke Osakabe
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugimoto
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Naohiro Ichino
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiji Ohta
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
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21
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Gnona KM, Stewart WCL. Revisiting the Wald Test in Small Case-Control Studies With a Skewed Covariate. Am J Epidemiol 2022; 191:1508-1518. [PMID: 35355063 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwac058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wald test is routinely used in case-control studies to test for association between a covariate and disease. However, when the evidence for association is high, the Wald test tends to inflate small P values as a result of the Hauck-Donner effect (HDE). Here, we investigate the HDE in the context of genetic burden, both with and without additional covariates. First, we examine the burden-based P values in the absence of association using whole-exome sequence data from 1000 Genomes Project reference samples (n = 54) and selected preterm infants with neonatal complications (n = 74). Our careful analysis of the burden-based P values shows that the HDE is present and that the cause of the HDE in this setting is likely a natural extension of the well-known cause of the HDE in 2 × 2 contingency tables. Second, in a reanalysis of real data, we find that the permutation test provides increased power over the Wald, Firth, and likelihood ratio tests, which agrees with our intuition since the permutation test is valid for any sample size and since it does not suffer from the HDE. Therefore, we propose a powerful and computationally efficient permutation-based approach for the analysis and reanalysis of small case-control association studies.
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22
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Hypoxia-driven metabolic heterogeneity and immune evasive behaviour of gastrointestinal cancers: Elements of a recipe for disaster. Cytokine 2022; 156:155917. [PMID: 35660715 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers refer to a group of malignancies associated with the GI tract (GIT). Like other solid tumors, hypoxic regions consistently feature inside the GI tumor microenvironment (TME) and contribute towards metabolic reprogramming of tumor-resident cells by modulating hypoxia-induced factors. We highlight here how the metabolic crosstalk between cancer cells and immune cells generate immunosuppressive environment inside hypoxic tumors. Given the fluctuating nature of tumor hypoxia, the metabolic fluxes between immune cells and cancer cells change dynamically. These changes alter cellular phenotypes and functions, resulting in the acceleration of cancer progression. These evolved properties of hypoxic tumors make metabolism-targeting monotherapy approaches or immunotherapy-measures unsuccessful. The current review highlights the advantages of combined immunometabolic treatment strategies to target hypoxic GI cancers and also identifies research areas to develop better combinational therapeutics for future.
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23
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Diao X, Ye F, Zhang M, Ren X, Tian X, Lu J, Sun X, Hou Z, Chen X, Li F, Zhuang J, Ding H, Peng C, Rastinejad F, Luo C, Wu D. Identification of oleoylethanolamide as an endogenous ligand for HIF-3α. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2529. [PMID: 35534502 PMCID: PMC9085743 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are α/β heterodimeric transcription factors modulating cellular responses to the low oxygen condition. Among three HIF-α isoforms, HIF-3α is the least studied to date. Here we show that oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a physiological lipid known to regulate food intake and metabolism, binds selectively to HIF-3α. Through crystallographic analysis of HIF-3 α/β heterodimer in both apo and OEA-bound forms, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and biochemical and cell-based assays, we unveil the molecular mechanism of OEA entry and binding to the PAS-B pocket of HIF-3α, and show that it leads to enhanced heterodimer stability and functional modulation of HIF-3. The identification of HIF-3α as a selective lipid sensor is consistent with recent human genetic findings linking HIF-3α with obesity, and demonstrates that endogenous metabolites can directly interact with HIF-α proteins to modulate their activities, potentially as a regulatory mechanism supplementary to the well-known oxygen-dependent HIF-α hydroxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Diao
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053, Hangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meina Zhang
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Xintong Ren
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoxu Tian
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingping Lu
- Target Discovery Institute, NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Xiangnan Sun
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Zeng Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310053, Hangzhou, China
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengwei Li
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjing Zhuang
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Peng
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, 201210, Shanghai, China
| | - Fraydoon Rastinejad
- Target Discovery Institute, NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
| | - Cheng Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310053, Hangzhou, China.
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201203, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dalei Wu
- Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China.
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24
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Jaskiewicz M, Moszynska A, Serocki M, Króliczewski J, Bartoszewska S, Collawn JF, Bartoszewski R. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-3a2 serves as an endothelial cell fate executor during chronic hypoxia. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:454-469. [PMID: 35391921 PMCID: PMC8983852 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-4622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The adaptive response to hypoxia involves the transcriptional induction of three transcription factors called hypoxia inducible factor alpha 1, 2 and 3 (HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and HIF-3α) which dimerize with constitutively expressed beta chains that together form the HIF-1, -2 and -3 transcription factors. During normoxic conditions, the alpha chain is expressed at low levels since its stability is regulated by prolyl-hydroxylation that promotes subsequent ubiquitination and degradation. During hypoxic conditions, however, the prolyl hydroxylases are less active, and the alpha chain accumulates through elevated protein stability and the elevated induction of expression. Two of the three HIFs isoforms present in mammals, HIF-1 and HIF-2, are well characterized and have overlapping functions that promote cell survival, whereas HIF-3's role remains less clear. The HIF-3 response is complicated because the HIF3A gene can utilize different promotors and alternate splicing sites that result in a number of different HIF-3α isoforms. Here, using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we demonstrate that one of the isoforms of HIF-3α, isoform 2 (HIF-3α2) accumulates at a late stage of hypoxia and induces the expression of DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT4), a gene known to promote apoptosis. We also demonstrate that caspase 3/7 activity is elevated, supporting that the role of the HIF-3α2 isoform is to promote apoptosis. Furthermore, we provide evidence that HIF-3α2 is also expressed in seven other primary endothelial cell types, suggesting that this may be a common feature of HIF-3α2 in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Jaskiewicz
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Adrianna Moszynska
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marcin Serocki
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Króliczewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA, Birmingham, AL 35233
| | - Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Mikec Š, Šimon M, Morton NM, Atanur SS, Konc J, Dovč P, Horvat S, Kunej T. Genetic variants of the hypoxia-inducible factor 3 alpha subunit (Hif3a) gene in the Fat and Lean mouse selection lines. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4619-4631. [PMID: 35347545 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07309-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue hypoxia and members of the hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIFA) are involved in development of obesity. However, the mechanism and functions of HIF3A, one of three HIFA paralogs, in fat deposition have not been sufficiently studied. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we investigated whether Hif3a sequence variants are associated with divergent fat deposition in mouse selection lines for fatness and leanness. Sequencing and RFLP were used to analyse sequence variants within Hif3a. To identify candidate regulatory variants, we performed literature screening and used databases and bioinformatics tools like Ensembl, MethPrimer, TargetScanMouse, miRDB, PolyAsite, RISE, LncRRIsearch, RNAfold, PredictProtein, CAIcal, and switches.ELM Resource. There are 90 sequence variants in Hif3a between the two mouse lines. While most Fat line variants locate within intronic regions, Lean line variants are mainly in 3' UTR. We constructed a map of Hif3a potential regulatory regions and identified 39 regulatory variants by integrating data on constrained and regulatory elements, CpGs, and miRNAs and lncRNAs binding sites. Moreover, 3' UTR and two exonic variants may influence mRNA stability, translation rate and protein functionality. We propose as priority candidates for further functional studies a missense (rs37398126) and synonymous (rs37739792) variants, and intronic (rs47471302) variant that overlap conserved element in promoter region and predicted lncRNAs binding site. CONCLUSION The results indicate a potential involvement of Hif3a in fat deposition. Additionally, approach used in the present study may serve as a general guideline for constructing an integrative gene map for prioritizing candidate gene variants with phenotypic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Špela Mikec
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Martin Šimon
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Nicholas M Morton
- The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Santosh S Atanur
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Janez Konc
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Peter Dovč
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Simon Horvat
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia.
| | - Tanja Kunej
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Domžale, Slovenia.
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26
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Liu F, Yang H, Li D, Wu X, Han Q. Punicalagin attenuates osteoarthritis progression via regulating Foxo1/Prg4/HIF3α axis. Bone 2021; 152:116070. [PMID: 34171516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Punicalagin (PUN) is a common anti-inflammatory polyphenol. However, the function and mechanism of PUN in osteoarthritis remains unknown. METHODS Chondrocytes were isolated from rats, and confirmed by toluidine blue staining and immunofluorescence. Chondrocytes were challenged by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and rat osteoarthritis model was established by Hulth method. The secretion of inflammatory factors, cell viability and apoptosis were tested via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), MTT and flow cytometry. The levels of forkhead box O1 (Foxo1), proteoglycan 4 (Prg4), hypoxia-inducible factor-3α (HIF3α), autophagy-related genes or extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins were examined via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot or immunohistochemistry. The cartilage tissue damage was assessed via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, toluidine blue staining and terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL) staining. RESULTS LPS triggered inflammatory injury in chondrocytes. PUN promoted autophagy to mitigate LPS-induced inflammatory injury. Foxo1 silence attenuated the effect of PUN on LPS-mediated autophagy inhibition and inflammatory injury. Promotion of Prg4/HIF3α axis abolished the influence of Foxo1 knockdown on LPS-mediated chondrocytes injury. PUN mitigated the inflammatory injury in rat osteoarthritis model by promoting autophagy and inhibiting inflammation and ECM degradation via Foxo1/Prg4/HIF3α axis. CONCLUSION PUN attenuates LPS-induced chondrocyte injury and osteoarthritis progression by regulating Foxo1/Prg4/HIF3α axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- FeiFei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - DongZhe Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - XueJian Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - QiCai Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China..
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27
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Hypoxia and the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) Signaling in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158153. [PMID: 34360919 PMCID: PMC8348933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is characterized by an inadequate supply of oxygen to tissues, and hypoxic regions are commonly found in solid tumors. The cellular response to hypoxic conditions is mediated through the activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) that control the expression of a large number of target genes. Recent studies have shown that the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) participates in hypoxia-dependent cellular adaptation. We review recent evidence on the role of RAGE signaling in tumor biology under hypoxic conditions.
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Janaszak-Jasiecka A, Siekierzycka A, Płoska A, Dobrucki IT, Kalinowski L. Endothelial Dysfunction Driven by Hypoxia-The Influence of Oxygen Deficiency on NO Bioavailability. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070982. [PMID: 34356605 PMCID: PMC8301841 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. The initial stage of CVDs is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, defined as the limited bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO). Thus, any factors that interfere with the synthesis or metabolism of NO in endothelial cells are involved in CVD pathogenesis. It is well established that hypoxia is both the triggering factor as well as the accompanying factor in cardiovascular disease, and diminished tissue oxygen levels have been reported to influence endothelial NO bioavailability. In endothelial cells, NO is produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) from L-Arg, with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) as an essential cofactor. Here, we discuss the mechanisms by which hypoxia affects NO bioavailability, including regulation of eNOS expression and activity. What is particularly important is the fact that hypoxia contributes to the depletion of cofactor BH4 and deficiency of substrate L-Arg, and thus elicits eNOS uncoupling-a state in which the enzyme produces superoxide instead of NO. eNOS uncoupling and the resulting oxidative stress is the major driver of endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis. Moreover, hypoxia induces impairment in mitochondrial respiration and endothelial cell activation; thus, oxidative stress and inflammation, along with the hypoxic response, contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Janaszak-Jasiecka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.J.-J.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
- Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure Poland (BBMRI.pl), 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Siekierzycka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.J.-J.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
- Laboratory of Trace Elements Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Płoska
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.J.-J.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
- Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure Poland (BBMRI.pl), 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Iwona T. Dobrucki
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N Mathews Ave, MC-251, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.J.-J.); (A.S.); (A.P.)
- Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure Poland (BBMRI.pl), 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- BioTechMed Centre, Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
The uncontrolled growth of blood vessels is a major pathological factor in human eye diseases that can result in blindness. This effect is termed ocular neovascularization and is seen in diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and retinopathy of prematurity. Current treatments for these diseases include laser photocoagulation, topical injection of corticosteroids, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents and vitreoretinal surgery. Although strategies to inhibit VEGF have proved to be dramatically successful in some clinical studies, there remains the possibility of significant adverse effects regarding the blockade of crucial physiological roles of VEGF and the invasive nature of the treatments. Moreover, it is evident that other pro-angiogenic factors also play important roles in the development of these diseases, as seen in cases in which anti-VEGF therapies have failed. Therefore, new types of effective treatments are required. In this review, we discuss a promising strategy for the treatment of ocular neovascular diseases, i.e., the inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a master regulator of angiogenesis. We also summarize promising recently investigated HIF inhibitors as treatments for ocular diseases. This review will facilitate more comprehensive approaches to understanding the protective aspects of HIF inhibition in the prevention of ocular diseases.
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30
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DeFrates KG, Franco D, Heber-Katz E, Messersmith PB. Unlocking mammalian regeneration through hypoxia inducible factor one alpha signaling. Biomaterials 2021; 269:120646. [PMID: 33493769 PMCID: PMC8279430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the field of regenerative medicine has aimed to heal damaged tissue through the use of biomaterials scaffolds or delivery of foreign progenitor cells. Despite 30 years of research, however, translation and commercialization of these techniques has been limited. To enable mammalian regeneration, a more practical approach may instead be to develop therapies that evoke endogenous processes reminiscent of those seen in innate regenerators. Recently, investigations into tadpole tail regrowth, zebrafish limb restoration, and the super-healing Murphy Roths Large (MRL) mouse strain, have identified ancient oxygen-sensing pathways as a possible target to achieve this goal. Specifically, upregulation of the transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor one alpha (HIF-1α) has been shown to modulate cell metabolism and plasticity, as well as inflammation and tissue remodeling, possibly priming injuries for regeneration. Since HIF-1α signaling is conserved across species, environmental or pharmacological manipulation of oxygen-dependent pathways may elicit a regenerative response in non-healing mammals. In this review, we will explore the emerging role of HIF-1α in mammalian healing and regeneration, as well as attempts to modulate protein stability through hyperbaric oxygen treatment, intermittent hypoxia therapy, and pharmacological targeting. We believe that these therapies could breathe new life into the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey G DeFrates
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Daniela Franco
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Ellen Heber-Katz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA.
| | - Phillip B Messersmith
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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31
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Belisario DC, Kopecka J, Pasino M, Akman M, De Smaele E, Donadelli M, Riganti C. Hypoxia Dictates Metabolic Rewiring of Tumors: Implications for Chemoresistance. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122598. [PMID: 33291643 PMCID: PMC7761956 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a condition commonly observed in the core of solid tumors. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) act as hypoxia sensors that orchestrate a coordinated response increasing the pro-survival and pro-invasive phenotype of cancer cells, and determine a broad metabolic rewiring. These events favor tumor progression and chemoresistance. The increase in glucose and amino acid uptake, glycolytic flux, and lactate production; the alterations in glutamine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation; the high levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; the modulation of both fatty acid synthesis and oxidation are hallmarks of the metabolic rewiring induced by hypoxia. This review discusses how metabolic-dependent factors (e.g., increased acidification of tumor microenvironment coupled with intracellular alkalinization, and reduced mitochondrial metabolism), and metabolic-independent factors (e.g., increased expression of drug efflux transporters, stemness maintenance, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition) cooperate in determining chemoresistance in hypoxia. Specific metabolic modifiers, however, can reverse the metabolic phenotype of hypoxic tumor areas that are more chemoresistant into the phenotype typical of chemosensitive cells. We propose these metabolic modifiers, able to reverse the hypoxia-induced metabolic rewiring, as potential chemosensitizer agents against hypoxic and refractory tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimas Carolina Belisario
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Martina Pasino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhlis Akman
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-5857
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32
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Phan THG, Paliogiannis P, Nasrallah GK, Giordo R, Eid AH, Fois AG, Zinellu A, Mangoni AA, Pintus G. Emerging cellular and molecular determinants of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:2031-2057. [PMID: 33201251 PMCID: PMC7669490 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03693-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, is a progressive, irreversible, and typically lethal disease characterized by an abnormal fibrotic response involving vast areas of the lungs. Given the poor knowledge of the mechanisms underpinning IPF onset and progression, a better understanding of the cellular processes and molecular pathways involved is essential for the development of effective therapies, currently lacking. Besides a number of established IPF-associated risk factors, such as cigarette smoking, environmental factors, comorbidities, and viral infections, several other processes have been linked with this devastating disease. Apoptosis, senescence, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, endothelial-mesenchymal transition, and epithelial cell migration have been shown to play a key role in IPF-associated tissue remodeling. Moreover, molecules, such as chemokines, cytokines, growth factors, adenosine, glycosaminoglycans, non-coding RNAs, and cellular processes including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, hypoxia, and alternative polyadenylation have been linked with IPF development. Importantly, strategies targeting these processes have been investigated to modulate abnormal cellular phenotypes and maintain tissue homeostasis in the lung. This review provides an update regarding the emerging cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the onset and progression of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thị Hằng Giang Phan
- Department of Immunology and Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam
| | - Panagiotis Paliogiannis
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar. .,Biomedical Research Center Qatar University, P.O Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Roberta Giordo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, University City Rd, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Hussein Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alessandro Giuseppe Fois
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino Aleksander Mangoni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, University City Rd, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Cai X, Zhou Z, Zhu J, Liao Q, Zhang D, Liu X, Wang J, Ouyang G, Xiao W. Zebrafish Hif3α modulates erythropoiesis via regulation of gata1 to facilitate hypoxia tolerance. Development 2020; 147:226111. [PMID: 33037038 DOI: 10.1242/dev.185116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factors 1α and 2α (HIF1α and HIF2α) are master regulators of the cellular response to O2. In addition to HIF1α and HIF2α, HIF3α is another identified member of the HIFα family. Even though the question of whether some HIF3α isoforms have transcriptional activity or repressive activity is still under debate, it is evident that the full length of HIF3α acts as a transcription factor. However, its function in hypoxia signaling is largely unknown. Here, we show that loss of hif3 a in zebrafish reduced hypoxia tolerance. Further assays indicated that erythrocyte number was decreased because red blood cell maturation was impeded by hif3 a disruption. We found that gata1 expression was downregulated in hif3 a null zebrafish, as were several hematopoietic marker genes, including alas2, band3, hbae1, hbae3 and hbbe1 Hif3α recognized the hypoxia response element located in the promoter of gata1 and directly bound to the promoter to transactivate gata1 expression. Our results suggested that hif3 a facilities hypoxia tolerance by modulating erythropoiesis via gata1 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ziwen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junji Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Gang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wuhan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China .,The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
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34
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Hypoxia and Oxygen-Sensing Signaling in Gene Regulation and Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218162. [PMID: 33142830 PMCID: PMC7663541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen homeostasis regulation is the most fundamental cellular process for adjusting physiological oxygen variations, and its irregularity leads to various human diseases, including cancer. Hypoxia is closely associated with cancer development, and hypoxia/oxygen-sensing signaling plays critical roles in the modulation of cancer progression. The key molecules of the hypoxia/oxygen-sensing signaling include the transcriptional regulator hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) which widely controls oxygen responsive genes, the central members of the 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG)-dependent dioxygenases, such as prolyl hydroxylase (PHD or EglN), and an E3 ubiquitin ligase component for HIF degeneration called von Hippel–Lindau (encoding protein pVHL). In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the canonical hypoxia signaling, HIF transcription factors, and pVHL. In addition, the role of 2-OG-dependent enzymes, such as DNA/RNA-modifying enzymes, JmjC domain-containing enzymes, and prolyl hydroxylases, in gene regulation of cancer progression, is specifically reviewed. We also discuss the therapeutic advancement of targeting hypoxia and oxygen sensing pathways in cancer.
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Shende P, Gandhewar N. Current Trend and Pro-survival Approaches for Augmenting Stem Cell Viability. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1154-1164. [PMID: 32297579 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200416130253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cells are of two types: embryonic and adult stem cells and they act as a repair system by replenishing body tissue. Stem cells differentiate into different types of cells, such as neural, hematopoietic, adipose, etc. and are used for the treatment of various conditions like myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease and diabetes. METHODS This article focuses on recent research development that addresses the viability issues of stem cells. The efficiency of transplanted stem cells reduces due to conditions like hypoxia, inflammation, nutrient deprivation, immunogenicity, extracellular matrix loss on delivery and mechanical stress. RESULTS To increase the viability of stem cells, techniques like scaffolds of stem cells with hydrogel or alginate, pre-conditioning, different routes of administration and encapsulation, are implemented. CONCLUSION For the protection of stem cells against apoptosis, different pathways, namely Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K/AKT), Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF1), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) and Hippo, are discussed. DISCUSSION Activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway decreases the concentration of apoptotic factors, while the HIF pathway protects stem cells against the micro-environment of tissue (hypoxia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Shende
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School Pharmacy and Technology Management SVKM'S NMIMS, V.L Mehta Road, Vile Parle(W), Mumbai, India
| | - Nivedita Gandhewar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School Pharmacy and Technology Management SVKM'S NMIMS, V.L Mehta Road, Vile Parle(W), Mumbai, India
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Bartoszewska S, Collawn JF. Unfolded protein response (UPR) integrated signaling networks determine cell fate during hypoxia. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:18. [PMID: 32190062 PMCID: PMC7071609 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During hypoxic conditions, cells undergo critical adaptive responses that include the up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible proteins (HIFs) and the induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR). While their induced signaling pathways have many distinct targets, there are some important connections as well. Despite the extensive studies on both of these signaling pathways, the exact mechanisms involved that determine survival versus apoptosis remain largely unexplained and therefore beyond therapeutic control. Here we discuss the complex relationship between the HIF and UPR signaling pathways and the importance of understanding how these pathways differ between normal and cancer cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bartoszewska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - James F. Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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Torii S, Kasai S, Yoshida T, Yasumoto KI, Shimizu S. Mitochondrial E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Parkin: Relationships with Other Causal Proteins in Familial Parkinson's Disease and Its Substrate-Involved Mouse Experimental Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041202. [PMID: 32054064 PMCID: PMC7072767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. Recent identification of genes linked to familial forms of PD has revealed that post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination of proteins, are key factors in disease pathogenesis. In PD, E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin and the serine/threonine-protein kinase PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) mediate the mitophagy pathway for mitochondrial quality control via phosphorylation and ubiquitination of their substrates. In this review, we first focus on well-characterized PINK1 phosphorylation motifs. Second, we describe our findings concerning relationships between Parkin and HtrA2/Omi, a protein involved in familial PD. Third, we describe our findings regarding inhibitory PAS (Per/Arnt/Sim) domain protein (IPAS), a member of PINK1 and Parkin substrates, involved in neurodegeneration during PD. IPAS is a dual-function protein involved in transcriptional repression of hypoxic responses and the pro-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Torii
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5803-4797; Fax: +81-3-5803-4821
| | - Shuya Kasai
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yasumoto
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shigeomi Shimizu
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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38
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Radford BN, Han VKM. Evidence of increased hypoxia signaling in fetal liver from maternal nutrient restriction in mice. Pediatr Res 2020; 87:450-455. [PMID: 31185486 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a pregnancy condition where fetal growth is reduced, and offspring from IUGR pregnancies are at increased risk for type II diabetes as adults. The liver is susceptible to fetal undernutrition experienced by IUGR infants and animal models of growth restriction. This study aimed to examine hepatic expression changes in a maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) mouse model of IUGR to understand fetal adaptations that influence adult metabolism. METHODS Liver samples of male offspring from MNR (70% of ad libitum starting at E6.5) or control pregnancies were obtained at E18.5 and differential expression was assessed by RNAseq and western blots. RESULTS Forty-nine differentially expressed (FDR < 0.1) transcripts were enriched in hypoxia-inducible pathways including Fkbp5 (1.6-fold change), Ccng2 (1.5-fold change), Pfkfb3 (1.5-fold change), Kdm3a (1.2-fold change), Btg2 (1.6-fold change), Vhl (1.3-fold change), and Hif-3a (1.3-fold change) (FDR < 0.1). Fkbp5, Pfkfb3, Kdm3a, and Hif-3a were confirmed by qPCR, but only HIF-2a (2.2-fold change, p = 0.002) and HIF-3a (1.3 p = 0.03) protein were significantly increased. CONCLUSION Although a moderate impact, these data support evidence of fetal adaptation to reduced nutrients by increased hypoxia signaling in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany N Radford
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Victor K M Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada. .,Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
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39
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Zhang P, Chen JS, Li QY, Sheng LX, Gao YX, Lu BZ, Zhu WB, Zhan XY, Li Y, Yuan ZB, Xu G, Qiu BT, Yan M, Guo CX, Wang YQ, Huang YJ, Zhang JX, Liu FY, Tang ZW, Lin SZ, Cooper DN, Yang HM, Wang J, Gao YQ, Yin W, Zhang GJ, Yan GM. Neuroprotectants attenuate hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injuries in cynomolgus monkeys. Zool Res 2020; 41:3-19. [PMID: 31840949 PMCID: PMC6956719 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure can cause serious brain injury as well as life-threatening cerebral edema in severe cases. Previous studies on the mechanisms of HH-induced brain injury have been conducted primarily using non-primate animal models that are genetically distant to humans, thus hindering the development of disease treatment. Here, we report that cynomolgus monkeys (Macacafascicularis) exposed to acute HH developed human-like HH syndrome involving severe brain injury and abnormal behavior. Transcriptome profiling of white blood cells and brain tissue from monkeys exposed to increasing altitude revealed the central role of the HIF-1 and other novel signaling pathways, such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling pathway, in co-regulating HH-induced inflammation processes. We also observed profound transcriptomic alterations in brains after exposure to acute HH, including the activation of angiogenesis and impairment of aerobic respiration and protein folding processes, which likely underlie the pathological effects of HH-induced brain injury. Administration of progesterone (PROG) and steroid neuroprotectant 5α-androst-3β,5,6β-triol (TRIOL) significantly attenuated brain injuries and rescued the transcriptomic changes induced by acute HH. Functional investigation of the affected genes suggested that these two neuroprotectants protect the brain by targeting different pathways, with PROG enhancing erythropoiesis and TRIOL suppressing glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Thus, this study advances our understanding of the pathology induced by acute HH and provides potential compounds for the development of neuroprotectant drugs for therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China.,Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Jie-Si Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Qi-Ye Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | - Long-Xiang Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yi-Xing Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bing-Zheng Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Wen-Bo Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | | | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zhi-Bing Yuan
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bi-Tao Qiu
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | | | - You-Qiong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yi-Jun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jing-Xia Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Fu-Yu Liu
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Tang
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Sui-Zhen Lin
- Guangzhou Cellprotek Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, China
| | - David N. Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Huan-Ming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yu-Qi Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Environmental Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China. E-mail:
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China. E-mail:
| | - Guo-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,China National Genebank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518120, China. E-mail:
| | - Guang-Mei Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China. E-mail:
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40
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Matolay O, Méhes G. Sustain, Adapt, and Overcome-Hypoxia Associated Changes in the Progression of Lymphatic Neoplasia. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1277. [PMID: 31824854 PMCID: PMC6881299 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Irregular perfusion and related tissue hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors the role of which in the survival and progression cancer has been gradually recognized. Adaptation and selection mechanisms in hypoxic areas in solid tumors are regulated by Hypoxia Inducible transcriptional factor 1 (HIF1) and other hypoxia mediators and are associated with aggressive clinical behavior in a large spectrum of malignancies. Aggressive forms of lymphatic neoplasias present with solid tumor-like features, also including rapid cell growth, necrosis and angiogenesis, the clinical potential of which is still underestimated. While the role of regional hypoxia in normal B-cell maturation and malignant transformation is becoming evident, the impact of tissue hypoxia on their behavior is not well-understood. Compared to some of the common solid cancer types data for some of the key regulators, such as HIF1 and HIF2, and for their downstream effectors are available in a limited fashion. In the current review we aim to overview the physiological aspects of major hypoxia pathways during B-cell maturation and adaptation-related changes reported in lymphatic neoplasia covering important targets, such as carbonic anhydrases IX and XII (CAIX, CAXII), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In conclusion, experimental and clinical results direct to important but currently unexploited role of hypoxia-driven resistance mechanisms especially in aggressive forms of B-cell neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Matolay
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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41
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Yang H, Xie J, Zhang J, Chang Y, Han J. [Inhibiting miR-186 expression alleviates mitochondrial damage in hypoxic human umbilical vein endothelial cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:898-903. [PMID: 31511208 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.08.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of miR-186 inhibition on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-α) and mitochondrial function in hypoxic vascular endothelial cells. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in routine or hypoxic conditions for 6 h were examined for the expression of miR-186. A miR-186 inhibitor was transfected in the HUVECs, and the cells were subsequently cultured in hypoxic condition for 6 h to observe the changes in the mitochondrial structure under an electron microscope. The changes in the mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α in response to miR-186 interference were tested using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS The expression of miR-18 was mildly increased in HUVECs after hypoxic exposure for 6 h (P=0.0188). Interference of miR-186 expression obviously promoted the mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α in HUVECs. In hypoxic conditions, miR-186 interference significantly reduced mitochondrial damage in HUVECs as observed under electron microscope (P=0.0297). CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of miR-186 protects vascular endothelial cells against hypoxic injuries by promoting HIF-α expression to lessen mitochondrial damage, suggesting the possibility of targeted miR-186 interference for treatment of hemorrhagic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jiangang Xie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jing Han
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
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42
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Mechanisms of hypoxia signalling: new implications for nephrology. Nat Rev Nephrol 2019; 15:641-659. [PMID: 31488900 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-019-0182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the regulation of erythropoietin (EPO) production by the liver and kidneys, one of the classical physiological responses to hypoxia, led to the discovery of human oxygen-sensing mechanisms, which are now being targeted therapeutically. The oxygen-sensitive signal is generated by 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that deploy molecular oxygen as a co-substrate to catalyse the post-translational hydroxylation of specific prolyl and asparaginyl residues in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a key transcription factor that regulates transcriptional responses to hypoxia. Hydroxylation of HIF at different sites promotes both its degradation and inactivation. Under hypoxic conditions, these processes are suppressed, enabling HIF to escape destruction and form active transcriptional complexes at thousands of loci across the human genome. Accordingly, HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors stabilize HIF and stimulate expression of HIF target genes, including the EPO gene. These molecules activate endogenous EPO gene expression in diseased kidneys and are being developed, or are already in clinical use, for the treatment of renal anaemia. In this Review, we summarize information on the molecular circuitry of hypoxia signalling pathways underlying these new treatments and highlight some of the outstanding questions relevant to their clinical use.
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Zhang J, Dong C, Feng J, Li J, Li S, Feng J, Duan X, Sun G, Xu P, Li X. Effects of dietary supplementation of three strains of Lactococcus lactis on HIFs genes family expression of the common carp following Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:590-599. [PMID: 31252044 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
HIFs (Hypoxia inducible factors) are the main regulators of the expression change of oxygen-dependent genes, in addition, they also play important roles in immune regulation. HIFs participate in infectious diseases and inflammatory responses, providing us a new therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases. In this study, 16 HIFs were identified in common carp genome database. Comparative genomics analysis showed large expansion of HIF gene family and approved the four round whole genome duplication (WGD) event in common carp. To further understand the function of HIFs, the domain architectures were predicted. All HIF proteins had the conserved HLH-PAS domain, which were essential for them to form dimer and bind to the downstream targets. The differences in domain of HIFα and HIFβ might result in their different functions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all HIFs were divided into two subfamilies and the HIFs in common carp were clustered with their teleost counterparts indicating they are highly conservative during evolution. In addition, the tissue distribution was examined by RT-PCR showed that most of HIF genes had a wide range of tissue distribution but exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns. The expression divergences were observed between the copy genes, for example, HIF1A-1, HIF2A-1, ARNT-2 had wide tissue distribution while their copies had limited tissue distribution, proving the function divergence of copies post the WGD event. In order to find an effective activation of HIFs and apply to treatment of aquatic diseases, we investigate the dietary supplementation effects of different strains of Lactococcus lactis on the expression of HIFα subfamily members in kidney of common carp infected with A. hydrophila. In addition, all of the HIF genes have a high expression in the early stages of infection, and decreased in the treatment time point of 48 h in common carp. This phenomenon confirms that as a switch, the main function of HIFs is to regulate the production of immune response factors in early infection. So activation of the switch may be an effective method for infectious disease treatment. As expected, the treatment groups improved the expression of HIFs compared with the control group, and the effects of the three strains are different. The strain1 of L. lactis had a stronger induction on HIF genes than strain2 and strain3, and it might be applied as a potential activation of HIF genes for disease treatment. So, adding befitting L. lactis maybe a well method to activate the HIF genes to protect them from mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfan Zhang
- College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Chuanju Dong
- College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical&;Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Guangzhou, 510380, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Junchang Feng
- College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Junpeng Li
- Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan, 453000, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical&;Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Jianxin Feng
- Henan Academy of Fishery Science, Zhengzhou, 450044, China
| | - Xiaodi Duan
- College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Gaigai Sun
- College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Xuejun Li
- College of Fishery, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China.
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Aquino-Gálvez A, González-Ávila G, Jiménez-Sánchez LL, Maldonado-Martínez HA, Cisneros J, Toscano-Marquez F, Castillejos-López M, Torres-Espíndola LM, Velázquez-Cruz R, Rodríguez VHO, Flores-Soto E, Solís-Chagoyán H, Cabello C, Zúñiga J, Romero Y. Dysregulated expression of hypoxia-inducible factors augments myofibroblasts differentiation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2019; 20:130. [PMID: 31234835 PMCID: PMC6591870 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related, progressive and lethal disease, whose pathogenesis is associated with fibroblasts/myofibroblasts foci that produce excessive extracellular matrix accumulation in lung parenchyma. Hypoxia has been described as a determinant factor in its development and progression. However, the role of distinct members of this pathway is not completely described. METHODS By western blot, quantitative PCR, Immunohistochemistry and Immunocitochemistry were evaluated, the expression HIF alpha subunit isoforms 1, 2 & 3 as well, as their role in myofibroblast differentiation in lung tissue and fibroblast cell lines derived from IPF patients. RESULTS Hypoxia signaling pathway was found very active in lungs and fibroblasts from IPF patients, as demonstrated by the abundance of alpha subunits 1 and 2, which further correlated with the increased expression of myofibroblast marker αSMA. In contrast, HIF-3α showed reduced expression associated with its promoter hypermethylation. CONCLUSIONS This study lends further support to the involvement of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of IPF, and poses HIF-3α expression as a potential negative regulator of these phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, 14080, Mexico City, CP, Mexico.
| | - Georgina González-Ávila
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, 14080, Mexico City, CP, Mexico
| | - Laura Lorena Jiménez-Sánchez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, 14080, Mexico City, CP, Mexico
| | | | - José Cisneros
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, 14080, Mexico City, CP, Mexico
| | | | - Manuel Castillejos-López
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, 14080, Mexico City, CP, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Cabello
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, 14080, Mexico City, CP, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, 14080, Mexico City, CP, Mexico.,Escuela de medicina y ciencias de la salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yair Romero
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Tlalpan 4502, 14080, Mexico City, CP, Mexico. .,Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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45
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Albadari N, Deng S, Li W. The transcriptional factors HIF-1 and HIF-2 and their novel inhibitors in cancer therapy. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:667-682. [PMID: 31070059 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1613370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxia is one of the intrinsic features of solid tumors, and it is always associated with aggressive phenotypes, including resistance to radiation and chemotherapy, metastasis, and poor patient prognosis. Hypoxia manifests these unfavorable effects through activation of a family of transcription factors, Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play a pivotal role in the adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxic and nutrient-deprived conditions by upregulating the transcription of several pro-oncogenic genes. Several advanced human cancers share HIFs activation as a final common pathway. Areas covered: This review highlights the role and regulation of the HIF-1/2 in cancers and alludes on the biological complexity and redundancy of HIF-1/2 regulation. Moreover, this review summarizes recent insights into the therapeutic approaches targeting the HIF-1/2 pathway. Expert opinion: More studies are needed to unravel the extensive complexity of HIFs regulation and to develop more precise anticancer treatments. Inclusion of HIF-1/2 inhibitors to the current chemotherapy regimens has been proven advantageous in numerous reported preclinical studies. The combination therapy ideally should be personalized based on the type of mutations involved in the specific cancers, and it might be better to include two drugs that inhibit HIF-1/2 activity by synergistic molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najah Albadari
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Shanshan Deng
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Wei Li
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
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46
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Bidirectional modulation of HIF-2 activity through chemical ligands. Nat Chem Biol 2019; 15:367-376. [PMID: 30804532 PMCID: PMC6447045 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-019-0234-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-2 (HIF-2) is a heterodimeric transcription factor formed through dimerization between an oxygen-sensitive HIF-2α subunit and its obligate partner subunit ARNT. Enhanced HIF-2 activity drives some cancers, whereas reduced activity causes anemia in chronic kidney disease. Therefore, modulation of HIF-2 activity via direct-binding ligands could provide many new therapeutic benefits. Here, we explored HIF-2α chemical ligands using combined crystallographic, biophysical, and cell-based functional studies. We found chemically unrelated antagonists to employ the same mechanism of action. Their binding displaced residue M252 from inside the HIF-2α PAS-B pocket toward the ARNT subunit to weaken heterodimerization. We also identified first-in-class HIF-2α agonists and found that they significantly displaced pocket residue Y281. Its dramatic side chain movement increases heterodimerization stability and transcriptional activity. Our findings show that despite binding to the same HIF-2α PAS-B pocket, ligands can manifest as inhibitors versus activators by mobilizing different pocket residues to allosterically alter HIF-2α-ARNT heterodimerization.
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47
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Mylonis I, Simos G, Paraskeva E. Hypoxia-Inducible Factors and the Regulation of Lipid Metabolism. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030214. [PMID: 30832409 PMCID: PMC6468845 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation or hypoxia characterizes a number of serious pathological conditions and elicits a number of adaptive changes that are mainly mediated at the transcriptional level by the family of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). The HIF target gene repertoire includes genes responsible for the regulation of metabolism, oxygen delivery and cell survival. Although the involvement of HIFs in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and the switch to anaerobic glycolysis under hypoxia is well established, their role in the control of lipid anabolism and catabolism remains still relatively obscure. Recent evidence indicates that many aspects of lipid metabolism are modified during hypoxia or in tumor cells in a HIF-dependent manner, contributing significantly to the pathogenesis and/or progression of cancer and metabolic disorders. However, direct transcriptional regulation by HIFs has been only demonstrated in relatively few cases, leaving open the exact and isoform-specific mechanisms that underlie HIF-dependency. This review summarizes the evidence for both direct and indirect roles of HIFs in the regulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism as well as the involvement of HIFs in various diseases as demonstrated by studies with transgenic animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Mylonis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
| | - George Simos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3T2, Canada.
| | - Efrosyni Paraskeva
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
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48
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Bonkowsky JL, Son JH. Hypoxia and connectivity in the developing vertebrate nervous system. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:11/12/dmm037127. [PMID: 30541748 PMCID: PMC6307895 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.037127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The developing nervous system depends upon precise regulation of oxygen levels. Hypoxia, the condition of low oxygen concentration, can interrupt developmental sequences and cause a range of molecular, cellular and neuronal changes and injuries. The roles and effects of hypoxia on the central nervous system (CNS) are poorly characterized, even though hypoxia is simultaneously a normal component of development, a potentially abnormal environmental stressor in some settings, and a clinically important complication, for example of prematurity. Work over the past decade has revealed that hypoxia causes specific disruptions in the development of CNS connectivity, altering axon pathfinding and synapse development. The goals of this article are to review hypoxia's effects on the development of CNS connectivity, including its genetic and molecular mediators, and the changes it causes in CNS circuitry and function due to regulated as well as unintended mechanisms. The transcription factor HIF1α is the central mediator of the CNS response to hypoxia (as it is elsewhere in the body), but hypoxia also causes a dysregulation of gene expression. Animals appear to have evolved genetic and molecular responses to hypoxia that result in functional behavioral alterations to adapt to the changes in oxygen concentration during CNS development. Understanding the molecular pathways underlying both the normal and abnormal effects of hypoxia on CNS connectivity may reveal novel insights into common neurodevelopmental disorders. In addition, this Review explores the current gaps in knowledge, and suggests important areas for future studies. Summary: The nervous system's exposure to hypoxia has developmental and clinical relevance. In this Review, the authors discuss the effects of hypoxia on the development of the CNS, and its long-term behavioral and neurodevelopmental consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Bonkowsky
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Jong-Hyun Son
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA 18510, USA
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49
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Ostrowski RP, Zhang JH. The insights into molecular pathways of hypoxia-inducible factor in the brain. J Neurosci Res 2018; 98:57-76. [PMID: 30548473 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this present work were to review recent developments on the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) in the survival of cells under normoxic versus hypoxic and inflammatory brain conditions. The dual nature of HIF effects appears well established, based on the accumulated evidence of HIF playing both the role of adaptive factor and mediator of cell demise. Cellular HIF responses depend on pathophysiological conditions, developmental phase, comorbidities, and administered medications. In addition, HIF-1α and HIF-2α actions may vary in the same tissues. The multiple roles of HIF in stem cells are emerging. HIF not only regulates expression of target genes and thereby influences resultant protein levels but also contributes to epigenetic changes that may reciprocally provide feedback regulations loops. These HIF-dependent alterations in neurological diseases and its responses to treatments in vivo need to be examined alongside with a functional status of subjects involved in such studies. The knowledge of HIF pathways might be helpful in devising HIF-mimetics and modulating drugs, acting on the molecular level to improve clinical outcomes, as exemplified here by clinical and experimental data of selected brain diseases, occasionally corroborated by the data from disorders of other organs. Because of complex role of HIF in brain injuries, prospective therapeutic interventions need to differentially target HIF responses depending on their roles in the molecular mechanisms of neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Ostrowski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuropathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - John H Zhang
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
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50
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Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), a family of transcription factors activated by hypoxia, consist of three α-subunits (HIF1α, HIF2α and HIF3α) and one β-subunit (HIF1β), which serves as a heterodimerization partner of the HIFα subunits. HIFα subunits are stabilized from constitutive degradation by hypoxia largely through lowering the activity of the oxygen-dependent prolyl hydroxylases that hydroxylate HIFα, leading to their proteolysis. HIF1α and HIF2α are expressed in different tissues and regulate target genes involved in angiogenesis, cell proliferation and inflammation, and their expression is associated with different disease states. HIFs have been widely studied because of their involvement in cancer, and HIF2α-specific inhibitors are being investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of kidney cancer. Although cancer has been the major focus of research on HIF, evidence has emerged that this pathway has a major role in the control of metabolism and influences metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Notably increased HIF1α and HIF2α signalling in adipose tissue and small intestine, respectively, promotes metabolic diseases in diet-induced disease models. Inhibition of HIF1α and HIF2α decreases the adverse diet-induced metabolic phenotypes, suggesting that they could be drug targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Cen Xie
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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