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Su Z, Wu Y, Cao K, Du J, Cao L, Wu Z, Wu X, Wang X, Song Y, Wang X, Duan H. APEX-pHLA: A novel method for accurate prediction of the binding between exogenous short peptides and HLA class I molecules. Methods 2024; 228:38-47. [PMID: 38772499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules play critically significant role within the realm of immunotherapy due to their capacities to recognize and bind exogenous antigens such as peptides, subsequently delivering them to immune cells. Predicting the binding between peptides and HLA molecules (pHLA) can expedite the screening of immunogenic peptides and facilitate vaccine design. However, traditional experimental methods are time-consuming and inefficient. In this study, an efficient method based on deep learning was developed for predicting peptide-HLA binding, which treated peptide sequences as linguistic entities. It combined the architectures of textCNN and BiLSTM to create a deep neural network model called APEX-pHLA. This model operated without limitations related to HLA class I allele variants and peptide segment lengths, enabling efficient encoding of sequence features for both HLA and peptide segments. On the independent test set, the model achieved Accuracy, ROC_AUC, F1, and MCC is 0.9449, 0.9850, 0.9453, and 0.8899, respectively. Similarly, on an external test set, the results were 0.9803, 0.9574, 0.8835, and 0.7863, respectively. These findings outperformed fifteen methods previously reported in the literature. The accurate prediction capability of the APEX-pHLA model in peptide-HLA binding might provide valuable insights for future HLA vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Yejian Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Kaiqiang Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Jie Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Lujing Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xinyi Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xinqiao Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Ying Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Xudong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Hongliang Duan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China.
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Yi Y, Qin G, Yang H, Jia H, Zeng Q, Zheng D, Ye S, Zhang Z, Liu TM, Luo KQ, Deng CX, Xu RH. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Increase the Natural Killer Resistance of Circulating Tumor Cells via Intercellular Signaling of cGAS-STING-IFNβ-HLA. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400888. [PMID: 38638003 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) shed from primary tumors must overcome the cytotoxicity of immune cells, particularly natural killer (NK) cells, to cause metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) protects tumor cells from the cytotoxicity of immune cells, which is partially executed by cancer-associated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, the mechanisms by which MSCs influence the NK resistance of CTCs remain poorly understood. This study demonstrates that MSCs enhance the NK resistance of cancer cells in a gap junction-dependent manner, thereby promoting the survival and metastatic seeding of CTCs in immunocompromised mice. Tumor cells crosstalk with MSCs through an intercellular cGAS-cGAMP-STING signaling loop, leading to increased production of interferon-β (IFNβ) by MSCs. IFNβ reversely enhances the type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling in tumor cells and hence the expression of human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) on the cell surface, protecting the tumor cells from NK cytotoxicity. Disruption of this loop reverses NK sensitivity in tumor cells and decreases tumor metastasis. Moreover, there are positive correlations between IFN-I signaling, HLA-I expression, and NK tolerance in human tumor samples. Thus, the NK-resistant signaling loop between tumor cells and MSCs may serve as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yi
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Guihui Qin
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Dejin Zheng
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Sen Ye
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Tzu-Ming Liu
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Kathy Qian Luo
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
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Lautert-Dutra W, M Melo C, Chaves LP, Crozier C, P Saggioro F, B Dos Reis R, Bayani J, Bonatto SL, Squire JA. Loss of heterozygosity impacts MHC expression on the immune microenvironment in CDK12-mutated prostate cancer. Mol Cytogenet 2024; 17:11. [PMID: 38704603 PMCID: PMC11070094 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-024-00680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In prostate cancer (PCa), well-established biomarkers such as MSI status, TMB high, and PDL1 expression serve as reliable indicators for favorable responses to immunotherapy. Recent studies have suggested a potential association between CDK12 mutations and immunotherapy response; however, the precise mechanisms through which CDK12 mutation may influence immune response remain unclear. A plausible explanation for immune evasion in this subset of CDK12-mutated PCa may be reduced MHC expression. RESULTS Using genomic data of CDK12-mutated PCa from 48 primary and 10 metastatic public domain samples and a retrospective cohort of 53 low-intermediate risk primary PCa, we investigated how variation in the expression of the MHC genes affected associated downstream pathways. We classified the patients based on gene expression quartiles of MHC-related genes and categorized the tumors into "High" and "Low" expression levels. CDK12-mutated tumors with higher MHC-expressed pathways were associated with the immune system and elevated PD-L1, IDO1, and TIM3 expression. Consistent with an inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME) phenotype, digital cytometric analyses identified increased CD8 + T cells, B cells, γδ T cells, and M1 Macrophages in this group. In contrast, CDK12-mutated tumors with lower MHC expression exhibited features consistent with an immune cold TME phenotype and immunoediting. Significantly, low MHC expression was also associated with chromosome 6 loss of heterozygosity (LOH) affecting the entire HLA gene cluster. These LOH events were observed in both major clonal and minor subclonal populations of tumor cells. In our retrospective study of 53 primary PCa cases from this Institute, we found a 4% (2/53) prevalence of CDK12 mutations, with the confirmation of this defect in one tumor through Sanger sequencing. In keeping with our analysis of public domain data this tumor exhibited low MHC expression at the RNA level. More extensive studies will be required to determine whether reduced HLA expression is generally associated with primary tumors or is a specific feature of CDK12 mutated PCa. CONCLUSIONS These data show that analysis of CDK12 alteration, in the context of MHC expression levels, and LOH status may offer improved predictive value for outcomes in this potentially actionable genomic subgroup of PCa. In addition, these findings highlight the need to explore novel therapeutic strategies to enhance MHC expression in CDK12-defective PCa to improve immunotherapy responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Lautert-Dutra
- Department of Genetics, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14048-900, Brazil
| | - Camila M Melo
- Department of Genetics, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14048-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz P Chaves
- Department of Genetics, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14048-900, Brazil
| | - Cheryl Crozier
- Diagnostic Development, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fabiano P Saggioro
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Prêto, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo B Dos Reis
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Prêto, Brazil
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Prêto, Brazil
| | - Jane Bayani
- Diagnostic Development, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandro L Bonatto
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande Do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 668, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Jeremy A Squire
- Department of Genetics, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Prêto, SP, 14048-900, Brazil.
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L3N6, Canada.
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Gu R, Pan J, Awan MUN, Sun X, Yan F, Bai L, Bai J. The major histocompatibility complex participates in Parkinson's disease. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107168. [PMID: 38583689 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn). The central nervous system (CNS) has previously been considered as an immune-privileged area. However, studies have shown that the immune responses are involved in PD. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) presents antigens from antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to T lymphocytes, immune responses will be induced. MHCs are expressed in microglia, astrocytes, and dopaminergic neurons. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in MHC are related to the risk of PD. The aggregated α-syn triggers the expression of MHCs by activating glia cells. CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes responses and microglia activation are detected in brains of PD patients. In addiction immune responses further increase blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and T cell infiltration in PD. Thus, MHCs are involved in PD through participating in immune and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Gu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jianyu Pan
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Maher Un Nisa Awan
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Liping Bai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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Li GX, Chang RZ, Liu TT, Jin GN, Lu K, Yong TY, Li Z, Liu JH, Zhang B, Zhang WG, Ding ZY. GRIN2A mutation is a novel indicator of stratifying beneficiaries of immune checkpoint inhibitors in multiple cancers. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:586-598. [PMID: 38267623 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Glutamate-NMDAR receptors (GRINs) have been reported to influence cancer immunogenicity; however, the relationship between GRIN alterations and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has not been determined. This study combined clinical characteristics and mutational profiles from multiple cohorts to form a discovery cohort (n = 901). The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the mutation status of the GRIN gene and the response to ICI therapy. Additionally, an independent ICI-treated cohort from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC, N = 1513) was used for validation. Furthermore, this study explored the associations between GRIN2A mutations and intrinsic and extrinsic immunity using multiomics analysis. In the discovery cohort, patients with GRIN2A-MUTs had improved clinical outcomes, as indicated by a higher objective response rate (ORR: 36.8% vs 25.8%, P = 0.020), durable clinical benefit (DCB: 55.2% vs 38.7%, P = 0.005), prolonged progression-free survival (PFS: HR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.49 to 0.87; P = 0.003), and increased overall survival (OS: HR = 0.67; 95% CI 0.50 to 0.89; P = 0.006). Similar results were observed in the validation cohort, in which GRIN2A-MUT patients exhibited a significant improvement in overall survival (HR = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.49 to 0.88; P = 0.005; adjusted P = 0.045). Moreover, patients with GRIN2A-MUTs exhibited an increase in tumor mutational burden, high expression of costimulatory molecules, increased activity of antigen-processing machinery, and infiltration of various immune cells. Additionally, gene sets associated with cell cycle regulation and the interferon response were enriched in GRIN2A-mutated tumors. In conclusion, GRIN2A mutation is a novel biomarker associated with a favorable response to ICIs in multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan-Xun Li
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rui-Zhi Chang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tong-Tong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Guan-Nan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Kan Lu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tu-Ying Yong
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Department and Institute of Urology, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Wan-Guang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Ze-Yang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Huang YJ, Ho KW, Cheng TL, Wang YT, Chao SW, Huang BC, Chao YS, Lin CY, Hsu YH, Chen FM, Chuang CH. Selective activation of IFNγ-ipilimumab enhances the therapeutic effect and safety of ipilimumab. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130945. [PMID: 38493818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy is a highly promising strategy for clinical treatment of cancer. Among these inhibitors, ipilimumab stands out for its ability to induce cytotoxic T cell proliferation and activation by binding to CTLA-4. However, ipilimumab also gives rise to systemic immune-related adverse effects and tumor immune evasion, limiting its effectiveness. OBJECTIVES We developed IFNγ-ipilimumab and confirmed that the addition of INF-γ does not alter the fundamental properties of ipilimumab. RESULTS IFNγ-ipilimumab can be activated by matrix metalloproteinases, thereby promoting the IFNγ signaling pathway and enhancing the cytotoxicity of T cells. In vivo studies demonstrated that IFNγ-ipilimumab enhances the therapeutic effect of ipilimumab against colorectal cancer by increasing CD8+ and CD4+ lymphocyte infiltration into the tumor area and inducing MHC-I expression in tumor cells. Mice treated with IFNγ-ipilimumab showed higher survival rates and body weight, as well as lower CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte activation rates in the blood and reduced organ damage. CONCLUSION IFNγ-ipilimumab improved the effectiveness of ipilimumab while reducing its side effects. It is likely that future immunotherapies would rely on such antibodies to activate local cancer cells or immune cells, thereby increasing the therapeutic effectiveness of cancer treatments and ensuring their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jung Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wen Ho
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Tseng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Wei Chao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Cheng Huang
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Chao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Han Hsu
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Fang-Ming Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Breast Oncology & Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hung Chuang
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Rezaie J, Chodari L, Mohammadpour-Asl S, Jafari A, Niknam Z. Cell-mediated barriers in cancer immunosurveillance. Life Sci 2024; 342:122528. [PMID: 38408406 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) exert multifaceted functions ranging from tumor-antagonizing or tumor-promoting activities. During the initial phases of tumor development, the tumor-antagonizing immune cells in the TME combat cancer cells in an immune surveillance process. However, with time, cancer cells can evade detection and impede the immune cells' effectiveness through diverse mechanisms, such as decreasing immunogenic antigen presentation on their surfaces and/or secreting anti-immune factors that cause tolerance in TME. Moreover, some immune cells cause immunosuppressive situations and inhibit antitumoral immune responses. Physical and cellular-mediated barriers in the TME, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor endothelium, the altered lipid composition of tumor cells, and exosomes secreted from cancer cells, also mediate immunosuppression and prevent extravasation of immune cells. Due to successful clinical outcomes of cancer treatment strategies the potential barriers must be identified and addressed. We need to figure out how to optimize cancer immunotherapy strategies, and how to combine therapeutic approaches for maximum clinical benefit. This review provides a detailed overview of various cells and molecules in the TME, their association with escaping from immune surveillance, therapeutic targets, and future perspectives for improving cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Rezaie
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shadi Mohammadpour-Asl
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Sun JR, Kong CF, Ye YX, Wang Q, Qu XK, Jia LQ, Wu S. Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing reveals a novel signature based on NK cell marker genes to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7648. [PMID: 38561388 PMCID: PMC10985121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play essential roles in the tumor development, diagnosis, and prognosis of tumors. In this study, we aimed to establish a reliable signature based on marker genes in NK cells, thus providing a new perspective for assessing immunotherapy and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC). We analyzed a total of 1560 samples retrieved from the public database. We performed a comprehensive analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of gastric cancer and identified 377 marker genes for NK cells. By performing Cox regression analysis, we established a 12-gene NK cell-associated signature (NKCAS) for the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, that assigned GC patients into a low-risk group (LRG) or a high-risk group (HRG). In the TCGA cohort, the areas under curve (AUC) value were 0.73, 0.81, and 0.80 at 1, 3, and 5 years. External validation of the predictive ability for the signature was then validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts (GSE84437). The expression levels of signature genes were measured and validated in GC cell lines by real-time PCR. Moreover, NKCAS was identified as an independent prognostic factor by multivariate analysis. We combined this with a variety of clinicopathological characteristics (age, M stage, and tumor grade) to construct a nomogram to predict the survival outcomes of patients. Moreover, the LRG showed higher immune cell infiltration, especially CD8+ T cells and NK cells. The risk score was negatively associated with inflammatory activities. Importantly, analysis of the independent immunotherapy cohort showed that the LRG had a better prognosis and immunotherapy response when compared with the HRG. The identification of NK cell marker genes in this study suggests potential therapeutic targets. Additionally, the developed predictive signatures and nomograms may aid in the clinical management of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rong Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North 3rd East Road, Beijing, 100029, Chaoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Fan Kong
- Department of Urology, The affiliated Shenzhen Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Liantangxiantong Road, Shenzhen, 518009, Luohu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xiang Ye
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North 3rd East Road, Beijing, 100029, Chaoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North 3rd East Road, Beijing, 100029, Chaoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Ke Qu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North 3rd East Road, Beijing, 100029, Chaoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qun Jia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North 3rd East Road, Beijing, 100029, Chaoyang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Urology, The affiliated Shenzhen Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Liantangxiantong Road, Shenzhen, 518009, Luohu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Urology, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Xu H, Hu Y, Peng X, Chen E. Prediction of prognostic and immune therapy response in lung adenocarcinoma based on MHC-I-related genes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024; 46:93-106. [PMID: 37728543 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2261146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study investigated the prognostic and immune predictive potential of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). MATERIALS AND METHODS With The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-LUAD and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (GSE26939, GSE72094) as the training and validation sets, respectively, we used Cox regression analysis to construct a prognostic model, and verified independence of riskscore. The predictive capacity of the model was assessed in both sets using the receiver operating characteristic curve and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Immune analysis was performed by using ssGSEA. Additionally, immune checkpoint blockade therapy was assessed by using immunophenoscore, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion score. Based on the cMAP database, effective small molecule compounds were predicted. RESULTS A prognostic model was established based on 8 MHC-I-related genes, and the predictive capacity of the model was accurate. Immune analysis results revealed that patients classified as high-risk had lower levels of immune cell infiltration and impaired immune function. The low-risk group possessed a better response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Theobromine and pravastatin were identified as having great potential in improving the prognosis of LUAD. CONCLUSION Overall, the study revealed MHC-I-related molecular prognostic biomarkers as robust indicators for LUAD prognosis and immune therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiuming Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Disease, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Enguo Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Regional Medical Center for National Institute of Respiratory Disease, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Wu H, Lin J, Ling N, Zhang Y, He Y, Qiu L, Tan W. Functional Nucleic Acid-Based Immunomodulation for T Cell-Mediated Cancer Therapy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:119-135. [PMID: 38117770 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
T cell-mediated immunity plays a pivotal role in cancer immunotherapy. The anticancer actions of T cells are coordinated by a sequence of biological processes, including the capture and presentation of antigens by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), the activation of T cells by APCs, and the subsequent killing of cancer cells by activated T cells. However, cancer cells have various means to evade immune responses. Meanwhile, these vulnerabilities provide potential targets for cancer treatments. Functional nucleic acids (FNAs) make up a class of synthetic nucleic acids with specific biological functions. With their diverse functionality, good biocompatibility, and high programmability, FNAs have attracted widespread interest in cancer immunotherapy. This Review focuses on recent research progress in employing FNAs as molecular tools for T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy, including corresponding challenges and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Neng Ling
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yao He
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Liping Qiu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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11
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Alotaibi F, Alshammari K, Alotaibi BA, Alsaab H. Destabilizing the genome as a therapeutic strategy to enhance response to immune checkpoint blockade: a systematic review of clinical trials evidence from solid and hematological tumors. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1280591. [PMID: 38264532 PMCID: PMC10803447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1280591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Genomic instability is increased alterations in the genome during cell division and is common among most cancer cells. Genome instability enhances the risk of initial carcinogenic transformation, generating new clones of tumor cells, and increases tumor heterogeneity. Although genome instability contributes to malignancy, it is also an "Achilles' heel" that constitutes a therapeutically-exploitable weakness-when sufficiently advanced, it can intrinsically reduce tumor cell survival by creating DNA damage and mutation events that overwhelm the capacity of cancer cells to repair those lesions. Furthermore, it can contribute to extrinsic survival-reducing events by generating mutations that encode new immunogenic antigens capable of being recognized by the immune system, particularly when anti-tumor immunity is boosted by immunotherapy drugs. Here, we describe how genome-destabilization can induce immune activation in cancer patients and systematically review the induction of genome instability exploited clinically, in combination with immune checkpoint blockade. Methods: We performed a systematic review of clinical trials that exploited the combination approach to successfully treat cancers patients. We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinicaltrials.gov, and publication from the reference list of related articles. The most relevant inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed clinical trials published in English. Results: We identified 1,490 studies, among those 164 were clinical trials. A total of 37 clinical trials satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The main outcome measurements were overall survival and progression-free survival. The majority of the clinical trials (30 out of 37) showed a significant improvement in patient outcome. Conclusion: The majority of the included clinical trials reported the efficacy of the concept of targeting DNA repair pathway, in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, to create a "ring of synergy" to treat cancer with rational combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizah Alotaibi
- College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kanaan Alshammari
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Oncology Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badi A. Alotaibi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Rodriguez GM, Yakubovich E, Murshed H, Maranda V, Galpin KJ, Cudmore A, Hanna AMR, Macdonald E, Ramesh S, Garson K, Vanderhyden BC. NLRC5 overexpression in ovarian tumors remodels the tumor microenvironment and increases T-cell reactivity toward autologous tumor-associated antigens. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1295208. [PMID: 38235131 PMCID: PMC10791902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1295208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epithelial ovarian cancer (OC) stands as one of the deadliest gynecologic malignancies, urgently necessitating novel therapeutic strategies. Approximately 60% of ovarian tumors exhibit reduced expression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I), intensifying immune evasion mechanisms and rendering immunotherapies ineffective. NOD-like receptor CARD domain containing 5 (NLRC5) transcriptionally regulates MHC I genes and many antigen presentation machinery components. We therefore explored the therapeutic potential of NLRC5 in OC. Methods We generated OC cells overexpressing NLRC5 to rescue MHC I expression and antigen presentation and then assessed their capability to respond to PD-L1 blockade and an infected cell vaccine. Results Analysis of microarray datasets revealed a correlation between elevated NLRC5 expression and extended survival in OC patients; however, NLRC5 was scarcely detected in the OC tumor microenvironment. OC cells overexpressing NLRC5 exhibited slower tumor growth and resulted in higher recruitment of leukocytes in the TME with lower CD4/CD8 T-cell ratios and increased activation of T cells. Immune cells from peripheral blood, spleen, and ascites from these mice displayed heightened activation and interferon-gamma production when exposed to autologous tumor-associated antigens. Finally, as a proof of concept, NLRC5 overexpression within an infected cell vaccine platform enhanced responses and prolonged survival in comparison with control groups when challenged with parental tumors. Discussion These findings provide a compelling rationale for utilizing NLRC5 overexpression in "cold" tumor models to enhance tumor susceptibility to T-cell recognition and elimination by boosting the presentation of endogenous tumor antigens. This approach holds promise for improving antitumoral immune responses in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galaxia M. Rodriguez
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Edward Yakubovich
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Humaira Murshed
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vincent Maranda
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kristianne J.C. Galpin
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alison Cudmore
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew M. R. Hanna
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Macdonald
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Shashankan Ramesh
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth Garson
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Barbara C. Vanderhyden
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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13
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Peng Q, Tao J, Xu Y, Shen Y, Wang Y, Jiao Y, Mao Y, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Tian Y. Lipid metabolism-associated genes serve as potential predictive biomarkers in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in rectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 39:101828. [PMID: 38000147 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of lipid metabolism-associated genes (LMAGs) in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and immunotherapy for rectal cancer. METHODS Differential LMAGs were characterized and functional enrichment analysis was performed. Multiple machine learning algorithms were combined to explore candidate LMAGs. ROC analysis was performed to evaluate the predicting accuracy of candidate LMAGs. The expression patterns, prognostic value, genetic alterations, and immune cell infiltration of the top-ranked LMAGs were investigated. RESULTS We identified 45 LMAGs that were differentially expressed in tumor samples of nCRT responders and non-responders. These LMAGs were closely associated with lipid metabolism-related biological processes and pathways. ROC analysis revealed that the SREBF2 gene, an important transcription factor in regulating lipid metabolism, was the highest predictor of nCRT in rectal cancer. SREBF2 was highly expressed in rectal cancer tissues and high expression of SREBF2 was associated with favorable prognosis. Multivariate analysis showed that SREBF2 was an independent prognostic factor, and we integrated it with other clinical factors to establish an effective prognostic nomogram. SREBF2 also played a synergistic role with its co-expressed genes in the prognostic process of rectal cancer. Furthermore, SREBF2 was demonstrated to be closely associated with multiple immune infiltrating cells, and immunotherapy-related genes and may be used to predict the response to immunotherapy. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that LMAGs may serve as promising biomarkers in nCRT combined with immunotherapy for rectal cancer. However, large-scale clinical trials and biological experiments are necessary to demonstrate the efficacy and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jialong Tao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yingjie Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Re-Stem Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiheng Mao
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yulong Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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14
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Cao Q, Ye X, Wu X, Zhang Q, Gong J, Chen Y, You Y, Shen J, Qiang Y, Cao G. Therapeutic efficacy of rare earth carbonate with chemoradiotherapy in late-stage non-small cell lung cancer: a cohort prospective study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1301032. [PMID: 38192415 PMCID: PMC10773736 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1301032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of sterilizing rare earth carbonate combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy and simple concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of late-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to analyze the reasons for the differences. Method A total of 817 patients with pathologically diagnosed late-stage NSCLC from June 1, 2021 to December 30, 2022, in the affiliated hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, were selected. They were randomly divided into a control group of 394 people and an experimental group of 423 people. The control group was given concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cisplatin + etoposide), while the experimental group simultaneously took a low dose of sterilized rare earth carbonate (0.05mg/Kg). The χ² test and Fisher's test were used to compare the clinical pathological features, objective response rate (ORR), ECOG score, and adverse reactions of the two groups of patients, while survival analysis was used to compare the progression-free survival (PFS) of the two groups. Cox regression analysis was used to test factors related to prognosis. Results The differences in clinical pathological features between the two groups of patients were not statistically significant, with all P>0.05. The ORR of the control group was 45.18% (178/394), and the experimental group was 89.83% (380/423), with a statistically significant difference (P=0.001). After treatment, the ECOG score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group, P<0.001. The adverse reaction grading of patients in both groups was below level 3 after treatment, and no treatment-related fatalities occurred. The risk of pulmonary infection and bone marrow suppression in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group. Conclusion In late-stage NSCLC patients, compared with simple concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the combination of concurrent chemoradiotherapy and sterilizing rare earth carbonate can significantly improve the short-term therapeutic effect and prognosis of patients, with good safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cao
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Ye
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Undergraduate Department, Taishan University, Taian, China
| | - Junling Gong
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuquan Chen
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei You
- Division of Sports Science & Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Qiang
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Guangzhu Cao
- Department of Earth Sciences, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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15
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Cao J, Zhang Z, Zhou L, Luo M, Li L, Li B, Nice EC, He W, Zheng S, Huang C. Oncofetal reprogramming in tumor development and progression: novel insights into cancer therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e427. [PMID: 38045829 PMCID: PMC10693315 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that cancer cells can mimic characteristics of embryonic development, promoting their development and progression. Cancer cells share features with embryonic development, characterized by robust proliferation and differentiation regulated by signaling pathways such as Wnt, Notch, hedgehog, and Hippo signaling. In certain phase, these cells also mimic embryonic diapause and fertilized egg implantation to evade treatments or immune elimination and promote metastasis. Additionally, the upregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, including multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer-resistant protein (BCRP), in drug-resistant cancer cells, analogous to their role in placental development, may facilitate chemotherapy efflux, further resulting in treatment resistance. In this review, we concentrate on the underlying mechanisms that contribute to tumor development and progression from the perspective of embryonic development, encompassing the dysregulation of developmental signaling pathways, the emergence of dormant cancer cells, immune microenvironment remodeling, and the hyperactivation of ABC transporters. Furthermore, we synthesize and emphasize the connections between cancer hallmarks and embryonic development, offering novel insights for the development of innovative cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjun Cao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseasethe First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education)Department of Infectious Diseasesthe Second Affiliated HospitalInstitute for Viral Hepatitis, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Maochao Luo
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lei Li
- Department of anorectal surgeryHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Bowen Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of TraumaBurn and Combined InjuryInstitute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Hainan Cancer Medical Center of The First Affiliated Hospital, the Hainan Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Sample Resources of Major DiseasesHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of EducationHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Canhua Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, and Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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16
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Kadomatsu T, Hara C, Kurahashi R, Horiguchi H, Morinaga J, Miyata K, Kurano S, Kanemaru H, Fukushima S, Araki K, Baba M, Linehan WM, Kamba T, Oike Y. ANGPTL2-mediated epigenetic repression of MHC-I in tumor cells accelerates tumor immune evasion. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2637-2658. [PMID: 37452654 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss or downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) contributes to tumor immune evasion. We previously demonstrated that angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) promotes tumor progression using a Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) mouse model. However, molecular mechanisms underlying ANGPTL2 tumor-promoting activity in the tRCC model remained unclear. Here, we report that ANGPTL2 deficiency in renal tubular epithelial cells slows tumor progression in the tRCC mouse model and promotes activated CD8+ T-cell infiltration of kidney tissues. We also found that Angptl2-deficient tumor cells show enhanced interferon γ-induced expression of MHC-I and increased susceptibility to CD8+ T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. Moreover, we provide evidence that the ANGPTL2-α5β1 integrin pathway accelerates polycomb repressive complex 2-mediated repression of MHC-I expression in tumor cells. These findings suggest that ANGPTL2 signaling in tumor cells contributes to tumor immune evasion and that suppressing that signaling in tumor cells could serve as a potential strategy to facilitate tumor elimination by T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Chiaki Hara
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Ryoma Kurahashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Haruki Horiguchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Jun Morinaga
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Sohtaro Kurano
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kanemaru
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Masaya Baba
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tomomi Kamba
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
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17
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Nesi I, Della Bella C, Taddei ML, Santi A, Pranzini E, Paoli P, D’Elios MM, Ramazzotti M, Genovese M, Caselli A, Cirri P. Targeting of tumor cells by custom antigen transfer: a novel approach for immunotherapy of cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1245248. [PMID: 37901327 PMCID: PMC10612144 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1245248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the early stages of carcinogenesis, the transformed cells become "invisible" to the immune system. From this moment on, the evolution of the tumor depends essentially on the genotype of the primitive cancer cells and their subsequent genetic drift. The role of the immune system in blocking tumor progression from the earliest stages is largely underestimated because by the time tumors are clinically detectable, the immune system has already completely failed its task. Therefore, a clinical treatment capable of restoring the natural anti-tumor role of the immune system could prove to be the "ultimate weapon" against cancer. Herein, we propose a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of solid cancer that exploits the capability of activated monocytes to transfer major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) molecules bound to antigenic peptides to cancer cells using microvesicles as cargo, making tumor cells target of a "natural" CD8+ T lymphocyte cytotoxic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Nesi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Chiara Della Bella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alice Santi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Erica Pranzini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mario Milco D’Elios
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Massimo Genovese
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Anna Caselli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Paolo Cirri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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18
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Huang L, Zhang J, Wei B, Chen S, Zhu S, Qi W, Pei X, Li L, Liu W, Wang Y, Xu X, Xie LG, Chen L. Small-molecule MHC-II inducers promote immune detection and anti-cancer immunity via editing cancer metabolism. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1076-1089.e11. [PMID: 37236192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lack of MHC-II is emerging as a causal factor in cancer immune evasion, and the development of small-molecule MHC-II inducers is an unmet clinical need. Here, we identified three MHC-II inducers, including pristane and its two superior derivatives, that potently induce MHC-II expression in breast cancer cells and effectively inhibit the development of breast cancer. Our data suggest that MHC-II is central in promoting the immune detection of cancer to increase the tumor infiltration of T cells and enhance anti-cancer immunity. By discovering the malonyl/acetyltransferase (MAT) domain in fatty acid synthase (FASN) as the direct binding target of MHC-II inducers, we demonstrate that evasion of immune detection and cancer metabolic reprogramming are directly linked by fatty acid-mediated MHC-II silencing. Collectively, we identified three MHC-II inducers and illustrated that lack of MHC-II caused by hyper-activated fatty acid synthesis to limit immune detection is a potentially widespread mechanism underlying the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Cancer Institute, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Cancer Institute, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Cancer Institute, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuangyang Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sitong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weiguan Qi
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoying Pei
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Cancer Institute, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lulu Li
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Cancer Institute, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weiguang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Cancer Institute, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lan-Gui Xie
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Liming Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Cancer Institute, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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19
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Skakodub A, Walch H, Tringale KR, Eichholz J, Imber BS, Vasudevan HN, Li BT, Moss NS, Hei Yu KK, Mueller BA, Powell S, Razavi P, Yu HA, Reis-Filho JS, Gomez D, Schultz N, Pike LRG. Genomic analysis and clinical correlations of non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4980. [PMID: 37591896 PMCID: PMC10435547 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 50% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) develop brain metastasis (BM), yet the study of BM genomics has been limited by tissue access, incomplete clinical data, and a lack of comparison with paired extracranial specimens. Here we report a cohort of 233 patients with resected and sequenced (MSK-IMPACT) NSCLC BM and comprehensive clinical data. With matched samples (47 primary tumor, 42 extracranial metastatic), we show CDKN2A/B deletions and cell cycle pathway alterations to be enriched in the BM samples. Meaningful clinico-genomic correlations are noted, namely EGFR alterations in leptomeningeal disease (LMD) and MYC amplifications in multifocal regional brain progression. Patients who developed early LMD frequently have had uncommon, multiple, and persistently detectable EGFR driver mutations. The distinct mutational patterns identified in BM specimens compared to other tissue sites suggest specific biologic underpinnings of intracranial progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skakodub
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Biomarker Development Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Henry Walch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kathryn R Tringale
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jordan Eichholz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Brandon S Imber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Harish N Vasudevan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Bob T Li
- Biomarker Development Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nelson S Moss
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kenny Kwok Hei Yu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Boris A Mueller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Simon Powell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Pedram Razavi
- Biomarker Development Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Helena A Yu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Biomarker Development Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Gomez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Biomarker Development Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Luke R G Pike
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Biomarker Development Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Xu Z, Shin HS, Kim YH, Ha SY, Won JK, Kim SJ, Park YJ, Parangi S, Cho SW, Lee KE. Modeling the tumor microenvironment of anaplastic thyroid cancer: an orthotopic tumor model in C57BL/6 mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1187388. [PMID: 37545523 PMCID: PMC10403231 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Securing a well-established mouse model is important in identifying and validating new therapeutic targets for immuno-oncology. The C57BL/6 mouse is one of the most fully characterised immune system of any animal and provides powerful platform for immuno-oncology discovery. An orthotopic tumor model has been established using TBP3743 (murine anaplastic thyroid cancer [ATC]) cells in B6129SF1 hybrid mice, this model has limited data on tumor immunology than C57BL/6 inbred mice. This study aimed to establish a novel orthotopic ATC model in C57BL/6 mice and characterize the tumor microenvironment focusing immunity in the model. Methods Adapted TBP3743 cells were generated via in vivo serial passaging in C57BL/6 mice. Subsequently, the following orthotopic tumor models were established via intrathyroidal injection: B6129SF1 mice injected with original TBP3743 cells (original/129), B6129SF1 mice injected with adapted cells (adapted/129), and C57BL/6 mice injected with adapted cells (adapted/B6). Results The adapted TBP3743 cells de-differentiated but exhibited cell morphology, viability, and migration/invasion potential comparable with those of original cells in vitro. The adapted/129 contained a higher Ki-67+ cell fraction than the original/129. RNA sequencing data of orthotopic tumors revealed enhanced oncogenic properties in the adapted/129 compared with those in the original/129. In contrast, the orthotopic tumors grown in the adapted/B6 were smaller, with a lower Ki-67+ cell fraction than those in the adapted/129. However, the oncogenic properties of the tumors within the adapted/B6 and adapted/129 were similar. Immune-related pathways were enriched in the adapted/B6 compared with those in the adapted/129. Flow cytometric analysis of the orthotopic tumors revealed higher cytotoxic CD8+ T cell and monocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cell fractions in the adapted/B6 compared with the adapted/129. The estimated CD8+ and CD4+ cell fractions in the adapted/B6 were similar to those in human ATCs but negligible in the original/B6. Conclusion A novel orthotopic tumor model of ATC was established in C57BL/6 mice. Compared with the original B6129SF1 murine model, the novel model exhibited more aggressive tumor cell behaviours and strong immune responses. We expect that this novel model contributes to the understanding tumor microenvironment and provides the platform for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, YanBian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hyo Shik Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yun Ha
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Won
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-jin Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Surgery, Thyroid Center, Seoul National University Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sareh Parangi
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Eun Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Surgery, Thyroid Center, Seoul National University Cancer Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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21
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Janssens K, Neefs I, Ibrahim J, Schepers A, Pauwels P, Peeters M, Van Camp G, Op de Beeck K. Epigenome-wide methylation analysis of colorectal carcinoma, adenoma and normal tissue reveals novel biomarkers addressing unmet clinical needs. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:111. [PMID: 37415235 PMCID: PMC10327366 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarker discovery in colorectal cancer has mostly focused on methylation patterns in normal and colorectal tumor tissue, but adenomas remain understudied. Therefore, we performed the first epigenome-wide study to profile methylation of all three tissue types combined and to identify discriminatory biomarkers. RESULTS Public methylation array data (Illumina EPIC and 450K) were collected from a total of 1 892 colorectal samples. Pairwise differential methylation analyses between tissue types were performed for both array types to "double evidence" differentially methylated probes (DE DMPs). Subsequently, the identified DMPs were filtered on methylation level and used to build a binary logistic regression prediction model. Focusing on the clinically most interesting group (adenoma vs carcinoma), we identified 13 DE DMPs that could effectively discriminate between them (AUC = 0.996). We validated this model in an in-house experimental methylation dataset of 13 adenomas and 9 carcinomas. It reached a sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 95%, respectively, with an overall accuracy of 96%. Our findings raise the possibility that the 13 DE DMPs identified in this study can be used as molecular biomarkers in the clinic. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses show that methylation biomarkers have the potential to discriminate between normal, precursor and carcinoma tissues of the colorectum. More importantly, we highlight the power of the methylome as a source of markers for discriminating between colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, which currently remains an unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katleen Janssens
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Neefs
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Joe Ibrahim
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anne Schepers
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Patrick Pauwels
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ken Op de Beeck
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Prins Boudewijnlaan 43, 2650, Edegem, Belgium.
- Centre for Oncological Research Antwerp (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
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22
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Wen C, Zhang L, Yang Y, Jin Y, Ren D, Zhang Z, Zou S, Li F, Sun H, Jin J, Lu X, Xie J, Cheng D, Xu Z, Chen H, Mao B, Zhang J, Wang J, Deng X, Peng C, Li H, Jiang C, Lin L, Zhang H, Chen H, Shen B, Zhan Q. Specific human leukocyte antigen class I genotypes predict prognosis in resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study. Int J Surg 2023; 109:1941-1952. [PMID: 37026827 PMCID: PMC10389500 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) often experience short-term relapse and dismal survival, suggesting an urgent need to develop predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers for these populations. Given the potential associations of the human leukocyte antigen class I ( HLA -I) genotype with oncogenic mutational profile and immunotherapy efficacy, we aimed to assess whether differential HLA -I genotype could predict the postoperative outcomes in resected PAAD patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS HLA -I ( A , B , and C ) genotyping and somatic variants of 608 Chinese PAAD patients were determined by targeted next-generation sequencing of matched blood cells and tumor tissues. HLA - A / B alleles were classified with the available definition of 12 supertypes. The Kaplan-Meier curves of disease-free survival (DFS) and multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses were performed to determine the survival difference in 226 selected patients with radical resection. Early-stage (I-II) patients constituted the majority (82%, 185/226) and some stage I-II individuals with high-quality tumor samples were analyzed by RNA-sequencing to examine immunophenotypes. RESULTS Patients with HLA-A02 + B62 + B44 - had significantly shorter DFS (median, 239 vs. 410 days; hazard ratio=1.65, P =0.0189) than patients without this genotype. Notably, stage I-II patients carrying HLA-A02 + B62 + B44 - had sharply shorter DFS than those without HLA-A02 + B62 + B44 - (median, 237 vs. 427 days; hazard ratio=1.85, P =0.007). Multivariate analysis revealed that HLA-A02 + B62 + B44 - was associated with significantly inferior DFS ( P =0.014) in stage I-II patients but not in stage III patients. Mechanistically, HLA-A02 + B62 + B44 - patients were associated with a high rate of KRAS G12D and TP53 mutations, lower HLA-A expression, and less inflamed T-cell infiltration. CONCLUSION The current results suggest that a specific combination of germline HLA-A02/B62/B44 supertype, HLA-A02 + B62 + B44 - , was a potential predictor for DFS in early-stage PAAD patients after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlei Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Lei Zhang
- Genecast Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province
| | - Ying Yang
- Genecast Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province
| | - Yangbing Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Dandan Ren
- Genecast Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Siyi Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Fanlu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Huaibo Sun
- Genecast Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province
| | - Jiabin Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Xiongxiong Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Junjie Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Dongfeng Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Huan Chen
- Genecast Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province
| | - Beibei Mao
- Genecast Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Xiaxing Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Chenghong Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Cen Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Henghui Zhang
- Biomedical Innovation Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Baiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
| | - Qian Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), Shanghai
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23
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Pandya A, Shah Y, Kothari N, Postwala H, Shah A, Parekh P, Chorawala MR. The future of cancer immunotherapy: DNA vaccines leading the way. Med Oncol 2023; 40:200. [PMID: 37294501 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02060-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Immuno-oncology has revolutionized cancer treatment and has opened up new opportunities for developing vaccination methods. DNA-based cancer vaccines have emerged as a promising approach to activating the bodily immune system against cancer. Plasmid DNA immunizations have shown a favorable safety profile and there occurs induction of generalized as well as tailored immune responses in preclinical and early-phase clinical experiments. However, these vaccines have notable limitations in immunogenicity and heterogeneity and these require refinements. DNA vaccine technology has been focusing on improving vaccine efficacy and delivery, with parallel developments in nanoparticle-based delivery systems and gene-editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9. This approach has showcased great promise in enhancing and tailoring the immune response to vaccination. Strategies to enhance the efficacy of DNA vaccines include the selection of appropriate antigens, optimizing insertion in a plasmid, and studying combinations of vaccines with conventional strategies and targeted therapies. Combination therapies have attenuated immunosuppressive activities in the tumor microenvironment and enhanced the capability of immune cells. This review provides an overview of the current framework of DNA vaccines in oncology and focuses on novel strategies, including established combination therapies and those still under development.The challenges that oncologists, scientists, and researchers need to overcome to establish DNA vaccines as an avant-garde approach to defeating cancer, are also emphasized. The clinical implications of the immunotherapeutic approaches and the need for predictive biomarkers have also been reviewed upon. We have also tried to extend the role of Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to the DNA vaccines. The clinical implications of the immunotherapeutic approaches have also been reviewed upon. Ultimately, refining and optimizing DNA vaccines will enable harnessing the immune system's natural ability to recognize and eliminate cancer cells, leading the world towards a revolution in cancer cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aanshi Pandya
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Yesha Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Nirjari Kothari
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Humzah Postwala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Aayushi Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Priyajeet Parekh
- AV Pharma LLC, 1545 University Blvd N Ste A, Jacksonville, FL, 32211, USA
| | - Mehul R Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India.
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Lin Q, Zhou Y, Ma J, Han S, Huang Y, Wu F, Wang X, Zhang Y, Mei X, Ma L. Single-cell analysis reveals the multiple patterns of immune escape in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma microenvironment. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1315. [PMID: 37349991 PMCID: PMC10288070 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-cell transcriptomics has revolutionised our understanding of the cellular composition of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Despite this progress, a key limitation of this technique has been its inability to capture epithelial/tumour cells, which has hindered further investigation of tumour heterogeneity and immune escape in NPC. METHODS In this study, we aimed to address these limitations by analysing the transcriptomics and spatial characteristics of NPC tumour cells at single-cell resolution using scRNA/snRNA-seq and imaging mass cytometry techniques. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate multiple patterns of immune escape mechanisms in NPC, including the loss of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules in malignant cells, induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in fibroblast-like malignant cells and the use of hyperplastic cells in tumour nests to protect tumour cells from immune infiltration. Additionally, we identified, for the first time, a CD8+ natural killer (NK) cell cluster that is specific to the NPC TME. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide new insights into the complexity of NPC immune landscape and may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Lin
- Tsinghua‐Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yaqi Zhou
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of RadiologyShenzhen People's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Sanyang Han
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | - Feng Wu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xuejuan Wang
- Tsinghua‐Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Tsinghua‐Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xueshuang Mei
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologyPeking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua‐Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenChina
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25
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Rubino V, Carriero F, Palatucci AT, Giovazzino A, Leone S, Nicolella V, Calabrò M, Montanaro R, Brancaleone V, Pane F, Chiurazzi F, Ruggiero G, Terrazzano G. Adaptive and Innate Cytotoxic Effectors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL) Subjects with Stable Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119596. [PMID: 37298547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is characterised by the expansion of a neoplastic mature B cell clone. CLL clinical outcome is very heterogeneous, with some subjects never requiring therapy and some showing an aggressive disease. Genetic and epigenetic alterations and pro-inflammatory microenvironment influence CLL progression and prognosis. The involvement of immune-mediated mechanisms in CLL control needs to be investigated. We analyse the activation profile of innate and adaptive cytotoxic immune effectors in a cohort of 26 CLL patients with stable disease, as key elements for immune-mediated control of cancer progression. We observed an increase in CD54 expression and interferon (IFN)-γ production by cytotoxic T cells (CTL). CTL ability to recognise tumour-targets depends on human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-class I expression. We observed a decreased expression of HLA-A and HLA-BC on B cells of CLL subjects, associated with a significant reduction in intracellular calnexin that is relevant for HLA surface expression. Natural killer (NK) cells and CTL from CLL subjects show an increased expression of the activating receptor KIR2DS2 and a reduction of 3DL1 and NKG2A inhibiting molecules. Therefore, an activation profile characterises CTL and NK cells of CLL subjects with stable disease. This profile is conceivable with the functional involvement of cytotoxic effectors in CLL control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Rubino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia Carriero
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Angela Giovazzino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Leone
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Nicolella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Calabrò
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabrizio Pane
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Chiurazzi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Ruggiero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
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26
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Liu R, Li T, Zhang G, Jia Y, Liu J, Pan L, Li Y, Jia C. Pancancer Analysis Revealed the Value of RAC2 in Immunotherapy and Cancer Stem Cell. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:8485726. [PMID: 37214785 PMCID: PMC10198763 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8485726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the oncogenic effect and clinical significance of RAC2 in pancarcinoma from the perspective of tumor immunity and cancer stem cell. Methods After in-depth mining of TCGA, GEO, UCSC, and other databases, basic information of the RAC2 gene and its expression in tumor tissues as well as the relationship between RAC2 and tumor were analyzed based on survival, mutation, immune microenvironment, tumor stemness, and enrichment analysis on related pathways. Results RAC2 mRNA expression was increased in most tumor tissues and was associated with their prognosis. Compared to normal tissues, the RAC2 mutation rate was higher in patients with skin melanoma, uterine sarcoma, and endometrial cancer. RAC2 had a strong relation with immune cell infiltration, immunomodulators, immunotherapy markers, cancer stem cell of THYM, and immune-related pathways. Conclusions This study explored the potential importance of RAC2 in the prognosis, immunotherapy, and cancer stem cell of 33 cancers, laying the foundation for mechanistic experiments and its future application in clinical practice. However, the results using bioinformatics methods could be affected by the differences in patients across databases. Thus, the present results were preliminary and required further experimental validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Liu
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardiocerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yejuan Jia
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Jingxuan Liu
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Lijia Pan
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardiocerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Chunsheng Jia
- School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
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27
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Wang Y, Jasinski-Bergner S, Wickenhauser C, Seliger B. Cancer Immunology: Immune Escape of Tumors-Expression and Regulation of HLA Class I Molecules and Its Role in Immunotherapies. Adv Anat Pathol 2023; 30:148-159. [PMID: 36517481 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The addition of "avoiding immune destruction" to the hallmarks of cancer demonstrated the importance of cancer immunology and in particular the role of immune surveillance and escape from malignancies. However, the underlying mechanisms contributing to immune impairment and immune responses are diverse. Loss or reduced expression of the HLA class I molecules are major characteristics of human cancers resulting in an impaired recognition of tumor cells by CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This is of clinical relevance and associated with worse patients outcome and limited efficacy of T-cell-based immunotherapies. Here, we summarize the role of HLA class I antigens in cancers by focusing on the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for HLA class I defects, which are caused by either structural alterations or deregulation at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. In addition, the influence of HLA class I abnormalities to adaptive and acquired immunotherapy resistances will be described. The in-depth knowledge of the different strategies of malignancies leading to HLA class I defects can be applied to design more effective cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Jasinski-Bergner
- Institute of Medical Immunology
- Institute for Translational Immunology, Medical School "Theodor Fontane", Brandenburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Wickenhauser
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale)
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology
- Department of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Development & Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMP) Design, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Leipzig, GermanyLeipzig, Germany
- Institute for Translational Immunology, Medical School "Theodor Fontane", Brandenburg, Germany
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28
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Wang S, Wang X, Sun J, Yang J, Wu D, Wu F, Zhou H. Down-regulation of DNA key protein-FEN1 inhibits OSCC growth by affecting immunosuppressive phenotypes via IFN-γ/JAK/STAT-1. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:17. [PMID: 37185662 PMCID: PMC10130046 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00221-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) escape from the immune system is mediated through several immunosuppressive phenotypes that are critical to the initiation and progression of tumors. As a hallmark of cancer, DNA damage repair is closely related to changes in the immunophenotypes of tumor cells. Although flap endonuclease-1 (FEN1), a pivotal DNA-related enzyme is involved in DNA base excision repair to maintain the stability of the cell genome, the correlation between FEN1 and tumor immunity has been unexplored. In the current study, by analyzing the clinicopathological characteristics of FEN1, we demonstrated that FEN1 overexpressed and that an inhibitory immune microenvironment was established in OSCC. In addition, we found that downregulating FEN1 inhibited the growth of OSCC tumors. In vitro studies provided evidence that FEN1 knockdown inhibited the biological behaviors of OSCC and caused DNA damage. Performing multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC), we directly observed that the acquisition of critical immunosuppressive phenotypes was correlated with the expression of FEN1. More importantly, FEN1 directly or indirectly regulated two typical immunosuppressive phenotype-related proteins human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DR) and programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1), through the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)/janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator transcription 1 (STAT1) pathway. Our study highlights a new perspective on FEN1 action for the first time, providing theoretical evidence that it may be a potential immunotherapy target for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangjian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Deyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanglong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus & Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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29
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Yu Y. The Function of NK Cells in Tumor Metastasis and NK Cell-Based Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082323. [PMID: 37190251 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic tumors cause the most deaths in cancer patients. Treating metastasis remains the primary goal of current cancer research. Although the immune system prevents and kills the tumor cells, the function of the immune system in metastatic cancer has been unappreciated for decades because tumors are able to develop complex signaling pathways to suppress immune responses, leading them to escape detection and elimination. Studies showed NK cell-based therapies have many advantages and promise for fighting metastatic cancers. We here review the function of the immune system in tumor progression, specifically focusing on the ability of NK cells in antimetastasis, how metastatic tumors escape the NK cell attack, as well as the recent development of effective antimetastatic immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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30
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Regal JA, Guerra García ME, Jain V, Chandramohan V, Ashley DM, Gregory SG, Thompson EM, López GY, Reitman ZJ. Ganglioglioma deep transcriptomics reveals primitive neuroectoderm neural precursor-like population. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:50. [PMID: 36966348 PMCID: PMC10039537 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gangliogliomas are brain tumors composed of neuron-like and macroglia-like components that occur in children and young adults. Gangliogliomas are often characterized by a rare population of immature astrocyte-appearing cells expressing CD34, a marker expressed in the neuroectoderm (neural precursor cells) during embryogenesis. New insights are needed to refine tumor classification and to identify therapeutic approaches. We evaluated five gangliogliomas with single nucleus RNA-seq, cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing, and/or spatially-resolved RNA-seq. We uncovered a population of CD34+ neoplastic cells with mixed neuroectodermal, immature astrocyte, and neuronal markers. Gene regulatory network interrogation in these neuroectoderm-like cells revealed control of transcriptional programming by TCF7L2/MEIS1-PAX6 and SOX2, similar to that found during neuroectodermal/neural development. Developmental trajectory analyses place neuroectoderm-like tumor cells as precursor cells that give rise to neuron-like and macroglia-like neoplastic cells. Spatially-resolved transcriptomics revealed a neuroectoderm-like tumor cell niche with relative lack of vascular and immune cells. We used these high resolution results to deconvolute clinically-annotated transcriptomic data, confirming that CD34+ cell-associated gene programs associate with gangliogliomas compared to other glial brain tumors. Together, these deep transcriptomic approaches characterized a ganglioglioma cellular hierarchy-confirming CD34+ neuroectoderm-like tumor precursor cells, controlling transcription programs, cell signaling, and associated immune cell states. These findings may guide tumor classification, diagnosis, prognostication, and therapeutic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Regal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - Vaibhav Jain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - David M Ashley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Simon G Gregory
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Eric M Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Giselle Y López
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Zachary J Reitman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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31
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Qiwei C, Jiajun S, Cheng L, Shengbo H, Yue K, Shujing W, Liu W, Xinqing Z, Hongyu W, Deyong Y. Comparison between renal pelvic and ureteral tumors in muscle-invasive upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:984-994. [PMID: 36330561 PMCID: PMC9986090 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although renal pelvic and ureteral urothelial carcinoma share similarities in their origins, disparities on a genetic and clinical level make them divergent entities. Clinical information from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to validate the characteristics and molecular subtypes using single-center data, which were compared between the two types of muscle-invasive tumors. Simultaneously, to expand the sample size for further verification, we explored a deep learning algorithm to correctly classify molecular subtypes from H&E histology slides. We suggested that the renal pelvic group might have a proclivity towards luminal and the ureter towards basal and P53-like. Furthermore, we explore the heterogeneity of matrix and immune tumor microenvironment, and the ureteral group had more immune cell infiltration and higher stiffness. Collectively, these results showed that muscle-invasive upper tract urothelial carcinoma exist in distinct properties of clinical characteristics, molecular subtype, and tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qiwei
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shi Jiajun
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Huang Shengbo
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Kuai Yue
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Wang Shujing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhu Xinqing
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wang Hongyu
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Deyong
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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32
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TRUONG NC, HUYNH NT, PHAM KD, PHAM PV. Roles of cancer stem cells in cancer immune surveillance. MINERVA BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOMOLECULAR RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.23736/s2724-542x.23.02944-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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33
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Ling R, Sheng Y, Hu Y, Wang D, Zhou Y, Shu Y. Comprehensive analysis of CDK5 as a novel biomarker for progression in esophageal cancer. Esophagus 2023:10.1007/s10388-023-00988-z. [PMID: 36853485 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-023-00988-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family, and unlike the rest of the members of the family, its kinase activity is independent of cyclins. Accumulating evidence has shown that CDK5 plays a significant role in the progress of tumorigenesis except in nervous system. In particular, the expression of CDK5 and its function in esophageal cancer (ESCA) remain unknown. METHODS With TCGA and GEO databases, CDK5 was analyzed with the expression, predicted value, clinical relationship, functional enrichment, immune cell infiltration and immune molecules in ESCA. In addition, we explored the CDK5 expression with local datasets and the influence of CDK5 on proliferation, migration and invasion behaviors of the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS CDK5 expression was upregulated in ESCA, and this regulation has been verified in cell lines of ESCC. Further analysis has found that the expression of CDK5 was correlated with race, weight, BMI, histological type and tumor central location in ESCA. KEGG analysis revealed that CDK5 was involved in the progress of cancers, innate immune system and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. CDK5 was closely related to immune cells and immune molecules in ESCA. Functional experiments confirmed CDK5 was an oncogene in ESCC by in vivo and in vitro models. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that CDK5 is a risk factor to promote tumor progression, and Roscovitine could be one of the effective tools in the therapy of ESCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ling
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yucheng Sheng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yuwen Hu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Deqian Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yuepeng Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
| | - Yang Shu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
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34
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Sun H, Zhang Y, Wang G, Yang W, Xu Y. mRNA-Based Therapeutics in Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020622. [PMID: 36839944 PMCID: PMC9964383 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, significant technological innovations have led to messenger RNA (mRNA) becoming a promising option for developing prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines, protein replacement therapies, and genome engineering. The success of the two COVID-19 mRNA vaccines has sparked new enthusiasm for other medical applications, particularly in cancer treatment. In vitro-transcribed (IVT) mRNAs are structurally designed to resemble naturally occurring mature mRNA. Delivery of IVT mRNA via delivery platforms such as lipid nanoparticles allows host cells to produce many copies of encoded proteins, which can serve as antigens to stimulate immune responses or as additional beneficial proteins for supplements. mRNA-based cancer therapeutics include mRNA cancer vaccines, mRNA encoding cytokines, chimeric antigen receptors, tumor suppressors, and other combination therapies. To better understand the current development and research status of mRNA therapies for cancer treatment, this review focused on the molecular design, delivery systems, and clinical indications of mRNA therapies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ge Wang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yingjie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Correspondence:
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Tallima H, El Ridi R. Mechanisms of Arachidonic Acid In Vitro Tumoricidal Impact. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041727. [PMID: 36838715 PMCID: PMC9966399 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To promote the potential of arachidonic acid (ARA) for cancer prevention and management, experiments were implemented to disclose the mechanisms of its tumoricidal action. Hepatocellular, lung, and breast carcinoma and normal hepatocytes cell lines were exposed to 0 or 50 μM ARA for 30 min and then assessed for proliferative capacity, surface membrane-associated sphingomyelin (SM) content, neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase) activity, beta 2 microglobulin (β2 m) expression, and ceramide (Cer) levels. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and caspase 3/7 activity were evaluated. Exposure to ARA for 30 min led to impairment of the tumor cells' proliferative capacity and revealed that the different cell lines display remarkably similar surface membrane SM content but diverse responses to ARA treatment. Arachidonic acid tumoricidal impact was shown to be associated with nSMase activation, exposure of cell surface membrane β2 m to antibody binding, and hydrolysis of SM to Cer, which accumulated on the cell surface and in the cytosol. The ARA and Cer-mediated inhibition of tumor cell viability appeared to be independent of ROS generation or caspase 3/7 activation. The data were compared and contrasted to findings reported in the literature on ARA tumoricidal mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Tallima
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Rashika El Ridi
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Zhang Y, Xu Y, Dang X, Zhu Z, Qian W, Liang A, Han W. Challenges and optimal strategies of CAR T therapy for hematological malignancies. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:269-279. [PMID: 36848181 PMCID: PMC10106177 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Remarkable improvement relative to traditional approaches in the treatment of hematological malignancies by chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has promoted sequential approvals of eight commercial CAR T products within last 5 years. Although CAR T cells' productization is now rapidly boosting their extensive clinical application in real-world patients, the limitation of their clinical efficacy and related toxicities inspire further optimization of CAR structure and substantial development of innovative trials in various scenarios. Herein, we first summarized the current status and major progress in CAR T therapy for hematological malignancies, then described crucial factors which possibly compromise the clinical efficacies of CAR T cells, such as CAR T cell exhaustion and loss of antigen, and finally, we discussed the potential optimization strategies to tackle the challenges in the field of CAR T therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Zhang
- Department of Bio-Therapeutics, The First Medical Centre, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Xiuyong Dang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Zeyu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Aibin Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Bio-Therapeutics, The First Medical Centre, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
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Ziogas DC, Theocharopoulos C, Koutouratsas T, Haanen J, Gogas H. Mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma: What we have to overcome? Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 113:102499. [PMID: 36542945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Marching into the second decade after the approval of ipilimumab, it is clear that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically improved the prognosis of melanoma. Although the current edge is already high, with a 4-year OS% of 77.9% for adjuvant nivolumab and a 6.5-year OS% of 49% for nivolumab/ipilimumab combination in the metastatic setting, a high proportion of patients with advanced melanoma have no benefit from immunotherapy, or experience an early disease relapse/progression in the first few months of treatment, surviving much less. Reasonably, the primary and acquired resistance to ICIs has entered into the focus of clinical research with positive (e.g., nivolumab and relatlimab combination) and negative feedbacks (e.g., nivolumab with pegylated-IL2, pembrolizumab with T-VEC, nivolumab with epacadostat, and combinatorial triplets of BRAF/MEK inhibitors with immunotherapy). Many intrinsic (intracellular or intra-tumoral) but also extrinsic (systematic) events are considered to be involved in the development of this resistance to ICIs: i) melanoma cell immunogenicity (e.g., tumor mutational burden, antigen-processing machinery and immunogenic cell death, neoantigen affinity and heterogeneity, genomic instability, melanoma dedifferentiation and phenotypic plasticity), ii) immune cell trafficking, T-cell priming, and cell death evasion, iii) melanoma neovascularization, cellular TME components(e.g., Tregs, CAFs) and extracellular matrix modulation, iv) metabolic antagonism in the TME(highly glycolytic status, upregulated CD39/CD73/adenosine pathway, iDO-dependent tryptophan catabolism), v) T-cell exhaustion and negative immune checkpoints, and vi) gut microbiota. In the present overview, we discuss how these parameters compromise the efficacy of ICIs, with an emphasis on the lessons learned by the latest melanoma studies; and in parallel, we describe the main ongoing approaches to overcome the resistance to immunotherapy. Summarizing this information will improve the understanding of how these complicated dynamics contribute to immune escape and will help to develop more effective strategies on how anti-tumor immunity can surpass existing barriers of ICI-refractory melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios C Ziogas
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - Charalampos Theocharopoulos
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - Tilemachos Koutouratsas
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - John Haanen
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Helen Gogas
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
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Liu HT, Chen SY, Peng LL, Zhong L, Zhou L, Liao SQ, Chen ZJ, Wang QL, He S, Zhou ZH. Spatially resolved transcriptomics revealed local invasion-related genes in colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1089090. [PMID: 36816947 PMCID: PMC9928961 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1089090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Local invasion is the first step of metastasis, the main cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related death. Recent studies have revealed extensive intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity. Here, we focused on revealing local invasion-related genes in CRC. Methods We used spatial transcriptomic techniques to study the process of local invasion in four CRC tissues. First, we compared the pre-cancerous, cancer center, and invasive margin in one section (S115) and used pseudo-time analysis to reveal the differentiation trajectories from cancer center to invasive margin. Next, we performed immunohistochemical staining for RPL5, STC1, AKR1B1, CD47, and HLA-A on CRC samples. Moreover, we knocked down AKR1B1 in CRC cell lines and performed CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays to assess cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Results We demonstrated that 13 genes were overexpressed in invasive clusters, among which the expression of CSTB and TM4SF1 was correlated with poor PFS in CRC patients. The ribosome pathway was increased, while the antigen processing and presentation pathway was decreased along CRC progression. RPL5 was upregulated, while HLA-A was downregulated along cancer invasion in CRC samples. Pseudo-time analysis revealed that STC1, AKR1B1, SIRPA, C4orf3, EDNRA, CES1, PRRX1, EMP1, PPIB, PLTP, SULF2, and EGFL6 were unpregulated along the trajectories. Immunohistochemic3al staining showed the expression of STC1, AKR1B1, and CD47 was increased along cancer invasion in CRC samples. Knockdown of AKR1B1 inhibited CRC cells' proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conclusions We revealed the spatial heterogeneity within CRC tissues and uncovered some novel genes that were associated with CRC invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Si-Yuan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Centre for Lipid Research & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-Long Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Si-Qi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Ji Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing-Liang Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Song He
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Zhi-Hang Zhou, ; Song He,
| | - Zhi-Hang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Zhi-Hang Zhou, ; Song He,
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Characterizing the tumor microenvironment at the single-cell level reveals a novel immune evasion mechanism in osteosarcoma. Bone Res 2023; 11:4. [PMID: 36596773 PMCID: PMC9810605 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune microenvironment extensively participates in tumorigenesis as well as progression in osteosarcoma (OS). However, the landscape and dynamics of immune cells in OS are poorly characterized. By analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, which characterize the transcription state at single-cell resolution, we produced an atlas of the immune microenvironment in OS. The results suggested that a cluster of regulatory dendritic cells (DCs) might shape the immunosuppressive microenvironment in OS by recruiting regulatory T cells. We also found that major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules were downregulated in cancer cells. The findings indicated a reduction in tumor immunogenicity in OS, which can be a potential mechanism of tumor immune escape. Of note, CD24 was identified as a novel "don't eat me" signal that contributed to the immune evasion of OS cells. Altogether, our findings provide insights into the immune landscape of OS, suggesting that myeloid-targeted immunotherapy could be a promising approach to treat OS.
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40
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Lan Y, Jia Q, Feng M, Zhao P, Zhu M. A novel natural killer cell-related signatures to predict prognosis and chemotherapy response of pancreatic cancer patients. Front Genet 2023; 14:1100020. [PMID: 37035749 PMCID: PMC10076548 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural killer (NK) cells are involved in monitoring and eliminating cancers. The purpose of this study was to develop a NK cell-related genes (NKGs) in pancreatic cancer (PC) and establish a novel prognostic signature for PC patients. Methods: Omic data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), and used to generate NKG-based molecular subtypes and construct a prognostic signature of PC. NKGs were downloaded from the ImmPort database. The differences in prognosis, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity among subtypes were compared. 12 programmed cell death (PCD) patterns were acquired from previous study. A decision tree and nomogram model were constructed for the prognostic prediction of PC. Results: Thirty-two prognostic NKGs were identified in PC patients, and were used to generate three clusters with distinct characteristics. PCD patterns were more likely to occur at C1 or C3. Four prognostic DEGs, including MET, EMP1, MYEOV, and NGFR, were found among the clusters and applied to construct a risk signature in TCGA dataset, which was successfully validated in PACA-CA and GSE57495 cohorts. The four gene expressions were negatively correlated with methylation level. PC patients were divided into high and low risk groups, which exerts significantly different prognosis, clinicopathological features, immune infiltration, immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity. Age, N stage, and the risk signature were identified as independent factors of PC prognosis. Low group was more easily to happened on PCD. A decision tree and nomogram model were successfully built for the prognosis prediction of PC patients. ROC curves and DCA curves demonstrated the favorable and robust predictive capability of the nomogram model. Conclusion: We characterized NKGs-derived molecular subtypes of PC patients, and established favorable prognostic models for the prediction of PC prognosis, which may serve as a potential tool for prognosis prediction and making personalized treatment in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongting Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Qing Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Peiqing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
- *Correspondence: Min Zhu,
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Polten R, Kutle I, Hachenberg J, Klapdor R, Morgan M, Schambach A. Towards Novel Gene and Cell Therapy Approaches for Cervical Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010263. [PMID: 36612258 PMCID: PMC9818159 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women, and the majority of cases are caused by infection with high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) subtypes. Despite effective preventative measures, such as vaccinations against HPV, over 300,000 women die world-wide from cervical cancer each year. Once cervical cancer is diagnosed, treatment may consist of radial hysterectomy, or chemotherapy and radiotherapy, or a combination of therapies dependent upon the disease stage. Unfortunately, overall prognosis for patients with metastatic or recurrent disease remains poor. In these cases, immunotherapies may be useful based on promising preclinical work, some of which has been successfully translated to the clinic. For example, approaches using monoclonal antibodies directed against surface proteins important for control of immune checkpoints (i.e., immune checkpoint inhibitors) were shown to improve outcome in many cancer settings, including cervical cancer. Additionally, initial clinical studies showed that application of cytotoxic immune cells modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) or T cell receptors (TCR) for better recognition and elimination of tumor cells may be useful to control cervical cancer. This review explores these important topics, including strengths and limitations of standard and developing approaches, and how some novel treatment strategies may be optimally used to offer the best possible treatment for cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Polten
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ivana Kutle
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens Hachenberg
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Klapdor
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Morgan
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (A.S.); Tel.: +49-511-532-6067 (A.S.)
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (A.S.); Tel.: +49-511-532-6067 (A.S.)
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Long J, Chen P, Yang X, Bian J, Yang X, Wang A, Lin Y, Wang H, Sang X, Zhao H. Co-expression of receptor tyrosine kinases and CD8 T-lymphocyte genes is associated with distinct prognoses, immune cell infiltration patterns and immunogenicity in cancers. Transl Res 2022; 256:14-29. [PMID: 36586534 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis and the immune microenvironment are 2 essential aspects of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The combination of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor (TKI)-mediated antiangiogenic therapy and CD8 T-lymphocyte-mediated immunotherapy has become an important focus of cancer treatment, with good results for many tumor types. However, the complex regulatory interactions between these 2 treatment strategies have not been elucidated. Therefore, we systematically investigated the association between the RTKs and CD8 T-lymphocyte genes (CD8Ts) across cancers. We comprehensively evaluated alterations in RTK genes across cancers and examined the co-expression of RTKs and CD8Ts using a weighted gene co-expression network analysis. We found that RTKs exhibited extensive genetic alterations across cancers and were significantly related to the activity of cancer hallmark-related pathways. We identified co-expression between the RTKs and CD8Ts. The low co-expression score subtype was associated with significant better clinical benefits and was characterized by a hot immune microenvironment, including more infiltrating immune cells, higher chemokine expression, and stronger immunogenicity, such as the tumor mutation burden and neoantigens. Two immunotherapy cohorts confirmed that patients with low co-expression scores had an inflamed TME phenotype and significant therapeutic advantages. Then, 4 co-expression patterns were identified, with different patterns reflecting different prognoses and immune microenvironments. The RTKlowCD8Thigh group was associated with the best prognosis and immune-activated microenvironment. In summary, the present study indicates co-expression of RTKs and CD8Ts, which supports the potential application of the combination of inhibiting RTKs activity via TKI-targeted therapy and increasing CD8 T cell activity via immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Long
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Department of Health Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Bian
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Anqiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Shenzhen Withsum Technology Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanping Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinting Sang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Yang Z, Li X, Pan C, Li Y, Lin L, Jin Y, Zheng J, Yu Z. A comprehensive study based on exosome-related immunosuppression genes and tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1344. [PMID: 36550445 PMCID: PMC9773453 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes play an important role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the mechanisms of tumor immune escape in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is known that immunosuppressive genes, involved in the processes of tumor immunosuppression, are associated with cancer progression. This study aimed to explore the prognostic values of exosome-related immunosuppression genes (ERIGs) in HCC. METHODS The RNA-seq transcriptome data of 374 HCC patients were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The TCGA cohort was randomly divided into the training cohort and validation cohort in a 1:1 ratio. WGCNA analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to identify ERIGs. The Lasso regression method was used to construct a 5-ERIG signature. The prognostic value of our signature was examined in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (FAHWMU) cohort. RESULTS Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to screen prognostic ERIGs. Subsequently, these prognostic ERIGs were included in Lasso regression analyses to identify 5 key ERIGs (ASAP1, IARS1, GTF3C2, TPD5L2 and SLC52A2) and construct a 5-ERIG signature. The patients in the low-risk group had better prognosis than those in the high-risk group. Univariate and multivariate cox regression revealed that risk score was an independent prognostic risk factor of HCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that this signature was highly associated with TME-related pathways. Subsequent analyses revealed the potential role of the signature in regulating the TME in HCC. In addition, a lower immunotherapy score was found in patients with high risk-score. Of note, this signature was confirmed to have a good performance in predicting HCC prognosis in the FAHWMU cohort. Moreover, knockdown of 5 ERIGs of this signature contributed to the suppression the Hep3B cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS We generated a novel prognostic 5-ERIG signature to accurately predict the prognosis of patients with HCC, and this signature may serve as an indicator of immunotherapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Yang
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 fuxue lane, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang China
| | - Xinmiao Li
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 fuxue lane, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang China
| | - Chaoran Pan
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 fuxue lane, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang China
| | - Yifei Li
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 fuxue lane, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang China
| | - Lifan Lin
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 fuxue lane, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang China
| | - Yan Jin
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 fuxue lane, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang China
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 fuxue lane, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- grid.414906.e0000 0004 1808 0918Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 fuxue lane, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang China
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Aptsiauri N, Garrido F. The Challenges of HLA Class I Loss in Cancer Immunotherapy: Facts and Hopes. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:5021-5029. [PMID: 35861868 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
HLA class I molecules are key in tumor recognition and T cell-mediated elimination. Loss of tumor HLA class I expression with different underlying molecular defects results in reduced antigen presentation and facilitates cancer immune evasion. It is also linked to significant changes in tumor microenvironment and tissue architecture. In this review, we summarize the current advances and future perspectives in the understanding of the mechanisms of MHC/HLA class I alterations during the natural history of tumor progression from a primary lesion to distant metastases. We also focus on recent clinical and experimental data demonstrating that lack of response to cancer immunotherapy frequently depends on the molecular nature of tumor HLA class I aberrations. Finally, we highlight the relevance of detecting and correcting the absence of tumor HLA expression to improve immunotherapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Aptsiauri
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada Medical School, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research of Granada (IBS), Granada, Spain
| | - Federico Garrido
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada Medical School, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Biosanitary Research of Granada (IBS), Granada, Spain
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45
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Expression of HLA class I is associated with immune cell infiltration and patient outcome in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20367. [PMID: 36437379 PMCID: PMC9701770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Downregulation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I is one mechanism of escaping anti-tumor immunity by tumor cells. This study was conducted to compare HLA class I expression in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) and to evaluate its association with immune cell infiltration of the tumors and clinical outcome of the patients. A total of 830 cases comprising 288 DCIS and 542 IBC were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry for HLA class I expression was performed using HLA-ABC in tissue microarrays and was analyzed in relation to clinicopathologic characteristics of tumors and infiltration of CD4+, CD8+, and FOXP3+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) subsets and PD-L1+ immune cells. As a whole, there was no difference in HLA class I expression between DCIS and IBC when dichotomized into high or low expression. However, in the HR-negative group, a high level of HLA class I expression was more frequent in IBC than DCIS. On the contrary, in the HR-positive group, a complete loss of HLA class I expression was more frequently observed in IBC than DCIS. High HLA class I expression level was generally associated with aggressive clinicopathologic features of IBC and was associated with high CD4+, CD8+, and FOXP3+ TIL and PD-L1+ immune cell infiltration in both DCIS and IBC. In survival analyses, HLA class I expression was not associated with clinical outcome in DCIS and IBC as a whole; however, low HLA class I expression was associated with poor clinical outcome in HR-negative IBC, especially in triple-negative subtype. In conclusion, this study showed that HLA class I expression increased in association with increased immune cell infiltration during in situ to invasive transition of HR-negative breast cancer, and HLA class I down-regulation had a prognostic value in HR-negative breast cancer.
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Raufaste-Cazavieille V, Santiago R, Droit A. Multi-omics analysis: Paving the path toward achieving precision medicine in cancer treatment and immuno-oncology. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:962743. [PMID: 36304921 PMCID: PMC9595279 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.962743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acceleration of large-scale sequencing and the progress in high-throughput computational analyses, defined as omics, was a hallmark for the comprehension of the biological processes in human health and diseases. In cancerology, the omics approach, initiated by genomics and transcriptomics studies, has revealed an incredible complexity with unsuspected molecular diversity within a same tumor type as well as spatial and temporal heterogeneity of tumors. The integration of multiple biological layers of omics studies brought oncology to a new paradigm, from tumor site classification to pan-cancer molecular classification, offering new therapeutic opportunities for precision medicine. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the latest innovations for multi-omics integration in oncology and summarize the largest multi-omics dataset available for adult and pediatric cancers. We will present multi-omics techniques for characterizing cancer biology and show how multi-omics data can be combined with clinical data for the identification of prognostic and treatment-specific biomarkers, opening the way to personalized therapy. To conclude, we will detail the newest strategies for dissecting the tumor immune environment and host–tumor interaction. We will explore the advances in immunomics and microbiomics for biomarker identification to guide therapeutic decision in immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raoul Santiago
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de L’Université Laval, Charles Bruneau Cancer Center, Québec, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Raoul Santiago, ; Arnaud Droit,
| | - Arnaud Droit
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Raoul Santiago, ; Arnaud Droit,
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Ye Y, Jiang H, Wu Y, Wang G, Huang Y, Sun W, Zhang M. Role of ARRB1 in prognosis and immunotherapy: A Pan-Cancer analysis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1001225. [PMID: 36213111 PMCID: PMC9538973 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1001225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: β-arrestin1 (ARRB1), was originally identified as a multifunctional adaptor protein. Although ARRB1 has recently been shown to also play an important role in tumor growth, metastasis, inflammation, and immunity, its relationship with distinct tumor types and the tumor immune microenvironment remains unclear.Methods: We analyzed the ARRB1 expression profile and clinical characteristics in 33 cancer types using datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Clinical parameters such as patient survival, tumor stage, age, and gender were used to assess the prognostic value of ARRB1. The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database was used to explore ARRB1 protein expression data. ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms were performed to assess immune infiltration. Furthermore, putative correlations between ARRB1 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells, the signatures of T-cell subtypes, immunomodulators, the tumor mutation burden (TMB), Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), and microsatellite instability (MSI) were also explored. Gene functional enrichment was determined using GSEA. GSE40435 and GSE13213 cohorts were used to validate the correlation of ARRB1 with KIRC and LUAD clinicopathological parameters. Finally, the relationship between ARRB1 and immunotherapeutic responses was assessed using three independent immunotherapy cohorts, namely, GSE67501, GSE168204, and IMvigor210.Results: We found that ARRB1 expression levels were lower in 17 tumor tissues than in the corresponding normal tissues. We further found that ARRB1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor stage in BRCA, ESCA, KIRC, TGCT, and THCA, while in some tumors, particularly KIRC and LUAD, ARRB1 expression was associated with better prognosis. ARRB1 expression was also positively correlated with the stromal score or the immune score in some tumors. Regarding immune cell infiltration, ARRB1 expression in DLBC was positively correlated with M1 macrophage content and negatively correlated with B-cell infiltration. Additionally, there was a broad correlation between ARRB1 expression and three classes of immunomodulators. Furthermore, high ARRB1 expression levels were significantly correlated with some tumor immune-related pathways. Finally, ARRB1 expression was significantly associated with MSI, PD-L1, and TMB in some tumors and with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in melanoma.Conclusion: ARRB1 has prognostic value in malignant tumors, especially in KIRC and LUAD. At the same time, ARRB1 was closely correlated with the tumor immune microenvironment and indicators of immunotherapy efficacy, indicating its great potential as a reliable marker for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingquan Ye
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Traditional and Western Medicine (TCM)-Integrated Cancer Center of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Haili Jiang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Traditional and Western Medicine (TCM)-Integrated Cancer Center of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Traditional and Western Medicine (TCM)-Integrated Cancer Center of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Gaoxiang Wang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Traditional and Western Medicine (TCM)-Integrated Cancer Center of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Traditional and Western Medicine (TCM)-Integrated Cancer Center of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weijie Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Weijie Sun, ; Mei Zhang,
| | - Mei Zhang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Traditional and Western Medicine (TCM)-Integrated Cancer Center of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Weijie Sun, ; Mei Zhang,
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Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Polysaccharides against Gastric Cancer. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185828. [PMID: 36144560 PMCID: PMC9501385 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common type of cancer that poses a serious threat to human health. Polysaccharides are important functional phytochemicals, and research shows that polysaccharides have good anti-gastric cancer effects. We collated all relevant literature published from 2000 to 2020 and found that more than 60 natural polysaccharides demonstrate anti-gastric cancer activity. At the present, the sources of these polysaccharides include fungi, algae, tea, Astragalus membranaceus, Caulis Dendrobii, and other foods and Chinese herbal medicines. By regulating various signaling pathways, including the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, Fas/FasL, Wnt/β-catenin, IGF-IR, and TGF-β signaling pathways, polysaccharides induce gastric cancer cell apoptosis, cause cell cycle arrest, and inhibit migration and invasion. In addition, polysaccharides can enhance the immune system and killing activity of immune cells in gastric cancer patients and rats. This comprehensive review covers the extraction, purification, structural characterization, and mechanism of plant and fungal polysaccharides against gastric cancer. We hope this review is helpful for researchers to design, research, and develop plant and fungal polysaccharides.
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Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells, Obesity and the Tumor Microenvironment of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163908. [PMID: 36010901 PMCID: PMC9405791 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Adipose tissue is the major microenvironment of breast cancer. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs/MSCs) are key players in adipose tissue. ASCs/MSCs, particularly in the obese state, are critical in remodeling the tumor microenvironment and promoting breast cancer progression. In this review, we have addressed the impact of obesity on ASCs/MSCs, summarized the crosstalk between ASCs/MSCs and breast cancer cells, discussed related molecular mechanisms, and highlighted related research perspectives. Abstract Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and a common cause of cancer-related death in women. It is well recognized that obesity is associated with an enhanced risk of more aggressive breast cancer as well as reduced patient survival. Adipose tissue is the major microenvironment of breast cancer. Obesity changes the composition, structure, and function of adipose tissue, which is associated with inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Interestingly, adipose tissue is rich in ASCs/MSCs, and obesity alters the properties and functions of these cells. As a key component of the mammary stroma, ASCs play essential roles in the breast cancer microenvironment. The crosstalk between ASCs and breast cancer cells is multilateral and can occur both directly through cell–cell contact and indirectly via the secretome released by ASC/MSC, which is considered to be the main effector of their supportive, angiogenic, and immunomodulatory functions. In this narrative review, we aim to address the impact of obesity on ASCs/MSCs, summarize the current knowledge regarding the potential pathological roles of ASCs/MSCs in the development of breast cancer, discuss related molecular mechanisms, underline the possible clinical significance, and highlight related research perspectives. In particular, we underscore the roles of ASCs/MSCs in breast cancer cell progression, including proliferation and survival, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell development, immune evasion, therapy resistance, and the potential impact of breast cancer cells on ASCS/MSCs by educating them to become cancer-associated fibroblasts. We conclude that ASCs/MSCs, especially obese ASCs/MSCs, may be key players in the breast cancer microenvironment. Targeting these cells may provide a new path of effective breast cancer treatment.
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Zhang D, Li Q, Chen X, Nie X, Xue F, Xu W, Luan Y. An Injectable Hydrogel to Modulate T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202663. [PMID: 35843879 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
T cell exhaustion caused by mitochondrial dysfunction is the major obstacle of T cells-based cancer immunotherapy. Besides exhausted T cells, the insufficient major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) on tumor cells leads to inefficient T cell recognition of tumor cells, compromising therapeutic efficacy. Therapeutic platform to regulate T cell exhaustion and MHC I expression for boosting T cells-based cancer immunotherapy has not been realized up to date. Herein, an injectable hydrogel is designed to simultaneously tune T cell exhaustion and MHC I expression for amplified cancer immunotherapy. The hydrogel is in situ constructed in tumor site by utilizing oxidized sodium alginate-modified tumor cell membrane vesicle (O-TMV) as a gelator, where axitinib is encapsulated in the lipid bilayer of O-TMV while 4-1BB antibody and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor PF-06446846 nanoparticles are present in the cavities of hydrogel. After immune response trigged by O-TMV antigen, the 4-1BB antibody-promoted T cell mitochondrial biogenesis and the axitinib-lowered hypoxia synergistically reverse T cell exhaustion while the PF-06446846-amplified MHC I expression facilitates T cell recognition of tumor cells, demonstrating a powerful immunotherapeutic efficacy. This strategy on reprograming T cell exhaustion and improving T cell potency offers new concept for T cells-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qian Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiangwu Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xinxin Nie
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Fumin Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yuxia Luan
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, China
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