1
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Anandakrishnan R, Shahidi R, Dai A, Antony V, Zyvoloski IJ. An approach for developing a blood-based screening panel for lung cancer based on clonal hematopoietic mutations. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307232. [PMID: 39172974 PMCID: PMC11341013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Early detection can significantly reduce mortality due to lung cancer. Presented here is an approach for developing a blood-based screening panel based on clonal hematopoietic mutations. Animal model studies suggest that clonal hematopoietic mutations in tumor infiltrating immune cells can modulate cancer progression, representing potential predictive biomarkers. The goal of this study was to determine if the clonal expansion of these mutations in blood samples could predict the occurrence of lung cancer. A set of 98 potentially pathogenic clonal hematopoietic mutations in tumor infiltrating immune cells were identified using sequencing data from lung cancer samples. These mutations were used as predictors to develop a logistic regression machine learning model. The model was tested on sequencing data from a separate set of 578 lung cancer and 545 non-cancer samples from 18 different cohorts. The logistic regression model correctly classified lung cancer and non-cancer blood samples with 94.12% sensitivity (95% Confidence Interval: 92.20-96.04%) and 85.96% specificity (95% Confidence Interval: 82.98-88.95%). Our results suggest that it may be possible to develop an accurate blood-based lung cancer screening panel using this approach. Unlike most other "liquid biopsies" currently under development, the approach presented here is based on standard sequencing protocols and uses a relatively small number of rationally selected mutations as predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramu Anandakrishnan
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Maryland-Virginia College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ryan Shahidi
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Andrew Dai
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Veneeth Antony
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ian J. Zyvoloski
- University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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2
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Liu T, Yao W, Sun W, Yuan Y, Liu C, Liu X, Wang X, Jiang H. Components, Formulations, Deliveries, and Combinations of Tumor Vaccines. ACS NANO 2024; 18:18801-18833. [PMID: 38979917 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Tumor vaccines, an important part of immunotherapy, prevent cancer or kill existing tumor cells by activating or restoring the body's own immune system. Currently, various formulations of tumor vaccines have been developed, including cell vaccines, tumor cell membrane vaccines, tumor DNA vaccines, tumor mRNA vaccines, tumor polypeptide vaccines, virus-vectored tumor vaccines, and tumor-in-situ vaccines. There are also multiple delivery systems for tumor vaccines, such as liposomes, cell membrane vesicles, viruses, exosomes, and emulsions. In addition, to decrease the risk of tumor immune escape and immune tolerance that may exist with a single tumor vaccine, combination therapy of tumor vaccines with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, CAR-T therapy, or photoimmunotherapy is an effective strategy. Given the critical role of tumor vaccines in immunotherapy, here, we look back to the history of tumor vaccines, and we discuss the antigens, adjuvants, formulations, delivery systems, mechanisms, combination therapy, and future directions of tumor vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Wenyan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Wenyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Yihan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
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3
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Cao Z, Yang X, Yang W, Chen F, Jiang W, Zhan S, Jiang F, Li J, Ye C, Lang L, Zhang S, Feng Z, Lai X, Liu Y, Mao L, Cai H, Teng Y, Xie J. Modulation of Dendritic Cell Function via Nanoparticle-Induced Cytosolic Calcium Changes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:7618-7632. [PMID: 38422984 PMCID: PMC10938921 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Calcium nanoparticles have been investigated for applications, such as drug and gene delivery. Additionally, Ca2+ serves as a crucial second messenger in the activation of immune cells. However, few studies have systematically studied the effects of calcium nanoparticles on the calcium levels and functions within immune cells. In this study, we explore the potential of calcium nanoparticles as a vehicle to deliver calcium into the cytosol of dendritic cells (DCs) and influence their functions. We synthesized calcium hydroxide nanoparticles, coated them with a layer of silica to prevent rapid degradation, and further conjugated them with anti-CD205 antibodies to achieve targeted delivery to DCs. Our results indicate that these nanoparticles can efficiently enter DCs and release calcium ions in a controlled manner. This elevation in cytosolic calcium activates both the NFAT and NF-κB pathways, in turn promoting the expression of costimulatory molecules, antigen-presenting molecules, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In mouse tumor models, the calcium nanoparticles enhanced the antitumor immune response and augmented the efficacy of both radiotherapy and chemotherapy without introducing additional toxicity. Our study introduces a safe nanoparticle immunomodulator with potential widespread applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Cao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Xueyuan Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Wei Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Fanghui Chen
- Department
of Hematology and Medical Oncology & Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Shuyue Zhan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Fangchao Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Jianwen Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Chenming Ye
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Liwei Lang
- Department
of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30907, United States
| | - Sirui Zhang
- Institute
of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Zhizi Feng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Xinning Lai
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Leidong Mao
- School
of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Houjian Cai
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Yong Teng
- Department
of Hematology and Medical Oncology & Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jin Xie
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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4
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Gu L, Xia C, Yang S, Yang G. The adaptive evolution of cancer driver genes. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:215. [PMID: 37098512 PMCID: PMC10131384 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a life-threatening disease in humans; yet, cancer genes are frequently reported to be under positive selection. This suggests an evolutionary-genetic paradox in which cancer evolves as a secondary product of selection in human beings. However, systematic investigation of the evolution of cancer driver genes is sparse. RESULTS Using comparative genomics analysis, population genetics analysis and computational molecular evolutionary analysis, the evolution of 568 cancer driver genes of 66 cancer types were evaluated at two levels, selection on the early evolution of humans (long timescale selection in the human lineage during primate evolution, i.e., millions of years), and recent selection in modern human populations (~ 100,000 years). Results showed that eight cancer genes covering 11 cancer types were under positive selection in the human lineage (long timescale selection). And 35 cancer genes covering 47 cancer types were under positive selection in modern human populations (recent selection). Moreover, SNPs associated with thyroid cancer in three thyroid cancer driver genes (CUX1, HERC2 and RGPD3) were under positive selection in East Asian and European populations, consistent with the high incidence of thyroid cancer in these populations. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that cancer can be evolved, in part, as a by-product of adaptive changes in humans. Different SNPs at the same locus can be under different selection pressures in different populations, and thus should be under consideration during precision medicine, especially for targeted medicine in specific populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China.
| | - Canwei Xia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shiyu Yang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510180, Guangdong, China
| | - Guofen Yang
- Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China.
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5
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Hu W, Wang Y, Chen J, Yu P, Tang F, Hu Z, Zhou J, Liu L, Qiu W, Ye Y, Jia Y, Zhou S, Long J, Zeng Z. Regulation of biomaterial implantation-induced fibrin deposition to immunological functions of dendritic cells. Mater Today Bio 2022. [PMID: 35252832 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtadv.2022.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The performance of implanted biomaterials is largely determined by their interaction with the host immune system. As a fibrous-like 3D network, fibrin matrix formed at the interfaces of tissue and material, whose effects on dendritic cells (DCs) remain unknown. Here, a bone plates implantation model was developed to evaluate the fibrin matrix deposition and DCs recruitment in vivo. The DCs responses to fibrin matrix were further analyzed by a 2D and 3D fibrin matrix model in vitro. In vivo results indicated that large amount of fibrin matrix deposited on the interface between the tissue and bone plates, where DCs were recruited. Subsequent in vitro testing denoted that DCs underwent significant shape deformation and cytoskeleton reorganization, as well as mechanical property alteration. Furthermore, the immune function of imDCs and mDCs were negatively and positively regulated, respectively. The underlying mechano-immunology coupling mechanisms involved RhoA and CDC42 signaling pathways. These results suggested that fibrin plays a key role in regulating DCs immunological behaviors, providing a valuable immunomodulatory strategy for tissue healing, regeneration and implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Jin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Fuzhou Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Zuquan Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Lina Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Wei Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Yuannong Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Shi Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
| | - Jinhua Long
- Department of Head & Neck, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions & Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
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6
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Hu W, Wang Y, Chen J, Yu P, Tang F, Hu Z, Zhou J, Liu L, Qiu W, Ye Y, Jia Y, Zhou S, Long J, Zeng Z. Regulation of biomaterial implantation-induced fibrin deposition to immunological functions of dendritic cells. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100224. [PMID: 35252832 PMCID: PMC8894278 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of implanted biomaterials is largely determined by their interaction with the host immune system. As a fibrous-like 3D network, fibrin matrix formed at the interfaces of tissue and material, whose effects on dendritic cells (DCs) remain unknown. Here, a bone plates implantation model was developed to evaluate the fibrin matrix deposition and DCs recruitment in vivo. The DCs responses to fibrin matrix were further analyzed by a 2D and 3D fibrin matrix model in vitro. In vivo results indicated that large amount of fibrin matrix deposited on the interface between the tissue and bone plates, where DCs were recruited. Subsequent in vitro testing denoted that DCs underwent significant shape deformation and cytoskeleton reorganization, as well as mechanical property alteration. Furthermore, the immune function of imDCs and mDCs were negatively and positively regulated, respectively. The underlying mechano-immunology coupling mechanisms involved RhoA and CDC42 signaling pathways. These results suggested that fibrin plays a key role in regulating DCs immunological behaviors, providing a valuable immunomodulatory strategy for tissue healing, regeneration and implantation.
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7
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Jaiswal AK, Yadav J, Makhija S, Mazumder S, Mitra AK, Suryawanshi A, Sandey M, Mishra A. Irg1/itaconate metabolic pathway is a crucial determinant of dendritic cells immune-priming function and contributes to resolute allergen-induced airway inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:301-313. [PMID: 34671116 PMCID: PMC8866123 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-021-00462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Itaconate is produced from the mitochondrial TCA cycle enzyme aconitase decarboxylase (encoded by immune responsive gene1; Irg1) that exerts immunomodulatory function in myeloid cells. However, the role of the Irg1/itaconate pathway in dendritic cells (DC)-mediated airway inflammation and adaptive immunity to inhaled allergens, which are the primary antigen-presenting cells in allergic asthma, remains largely unknown. House dust mite (HDM)-challenged Irg1-/- mice displayed increases in eosinophilic airway inflammation, mucous cell metaplasia, and Th2 cytokine production with a mechanism involving impaired mite antigen presentations by DC. Adoptive transfer of HDM-pulsed DC from Irg1-deficient mice into naïve WT mice induced a similar phenotype of elevated type 2 airway inflammation and allergic sensitization. Untargeted metabolite analysis of HDM-pulsed DC revealed itaconate as one of the most abundant polar metabolites that potentially suppress mitochondrial oxidative damage. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory effect of itaconate was translated in vivo, where intranasal administration of 4-octyl itaconate 4-OI following antigen priming attenuated the manifestations of HDM-induced airway disease and Th2 immune response. Taken together, these data demonstrated for the first time a direct regulatory role of the Irg1/itaconate pathway in DC for the development of type 2 airway inflammation and suggest a possible therapeutic target in modulating allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Jaiswal
- grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753From the Laboratory of Lung Inflammation, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA ,grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Jyoti Yadav
- grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753From the Laboratory of Lung Inflammation, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA ,grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Sangeet Makhija
- grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753From the Laboratory of Lung Inflammation, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA ,grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Suman Mazumder
- grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA ,grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Center for Pharmacogenomics and Single-Cell Omics, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Amit Kumar Mitra
- grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA ,grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Center for Pharmacogenomics and Single-Cell Omics, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Amol Suryawanshi
- grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Maninder Sandey
- grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
| | - Amarjit Mishra
- grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753From the Laboratory of Lung Inflammation, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA ,grid.252546.20000 0001 2297 8753Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL USA
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8
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Yu S, Di C, Chen S, Guo M, Yan J, Zhu Z, Liu L, Feng R, Xie Y, Zhang R, Chen J, Wang M, Wei D, Fang H, Yin T, Huang J, Chen S, Lu H, Zhu J, Qu J. Distinct immune signatures discriminate between asymptomatic and presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 pos subjects. Cell Res 2021; 31:1148-1162. [PMID: 34561618 PMCID: PMC8461439 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-021-00562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing numbers of SARS-CoV-2-positive (SARS-CoV-2pos) subjects are detected at silent SARS-CoV-2 infection stage (SSIS). Yet, SSIS represents a poorly examined time-window wherein unknown immunity patterns may contribute to the fate determination towards persistently asymptomatic or overt disease. Here, we retrieved blood samples from 19 asymptomatic and 12 presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2pos subjects, 47 age/gender-matched patients with mild or moderate COVID-19 and 27 normal subjects, and interrogated them with combined assays of 44-plex CyTOF, RNA-seq and Olink. Notably, both asymptomatic and presymptomatic subjects exhibited numerous readily detectable immunological alterations, while certain parameters including more severely decreased frequencies of CD107alow classical monocytes, intermediate monocytes, non-classical monocytes and CD62Lhi CD8+ Tnaïve cells, reduced plasma STC1 level but an increased frequency of CD4+ NKT cells combined to distinguish the latter. Intercorrelation analyses revealed a particular presymptomatic immunotype mainly manifesting as monocytic overactivation and differentiation blockage, a likely lymphocyte exhaustion and immunosuppression, yielding mechanistic insights into SSIS fate determination, which could potentially improve SARS-CoV-2 management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhe Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixia Di
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijun Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayang Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoqin Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixue Feng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinyin Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Infectious Disease, Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Fang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyan Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Saijuan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Rieke DT, Keller U. A CD205-directed antibody drug conjugate – lymphoma precision oncology or sophisticated chemotherapy? Haematologica 2020; 105:2504-2506. [PMID: 33131240 PMCID: PMC7604558 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.261073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Damian T Rieke
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin
| | - Ulrich Keller
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12203 Berlin; Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Gaudio E, Tarantelli C, Spriano F, Guidetti F, Sartori G, Bordone R, Arribas AJ, Cascione L, Bigioni M, Merlino G, Fiascarelli A, Bressan A, Mensah AA, Golino G, Lucchini R, Bernasconi E, Rossi D, Zucca E, Stussi G, Stathis A, Boyd RS, Dusek RL, Bisht A, Attanasio N, Rohlff C, Pellacani A, Binaschi M, Bertoni F. Targeting CD205 with the antibody drug conjugate MEN1309/OBT076 is an active new therapeutic strategy in lymphoma models. Haematologica 2020; 105:2584-2591. [PMID: 33131247 PMCID: PMC7604571 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.227215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody drug conjugates represent an important class of anti-cancer drugs in both solid tumors and hematological cancers. Here, we report preclinical data on the anti-tumor activity of the first-in-class antibody drug conjugate MEN1309/OBT076 targeting CD205. The study included preclinical in vitro activity screening on a large panel of cell lines, both as single agent and in combination and validation experiments on in vivo models. CD205 was first shown frequently expressed in lymphomas, leukemias and multiple myeloma by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Anti-tumor activity of MEN1309/OBT076 as single agent was then shown across 42 B-cell lymphoma cell lines with a median IC50 of 200 pM and induction of apoptosis in 25/42 (59.5%) of the cases. The activity appeared highly correlated with its target expression. After in vivo validation as the single agent, the antibody drug conjugate synergized with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax, and the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab. The first-in-class antibody drug targeting CD205, MEN1309/OBT076, demonstrated strong pre-clinical anti-tumor activity in lymphoma, warranting further investigations as a single agent and in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Gaudio
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Tarantelli
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Filippo Spriano
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Guidetti
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Sartori
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Roberta Bordone
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alberto J. Arribas
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luciano Cascione
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Afua Adjeiwaa Mensah
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Gaetanina Golino
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Renzo Lucchini
- Laboratorio di Diagnostica Molecolare, Dipartimento di Medicina di Laboratorio EOLAB, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Elena Bernasconi
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Davide Rossi
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Georg Stussi
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Bertoni
- Universita della Svizzera italiana, Istituto Oncologico di Ricerca, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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11
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Guinan J, Lopez BS. Generating Bovine Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells for Experimental and Clinical Applications Using Commercially Available Serum-Free Medium. Front Immunol 2020; 11:591185. [PMID: 33178224 PMCID: PMC7596353 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.591185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in fundamental and applied immunology research often originate from pilot studies utilizing animal models. While cattle represent an ideal model for disease pathogenesis and vaccinology research for a number of human disease, optimized bovine culture models have yet to be fully established. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) are critical in activating adaptive immunity and are an attractive subset for experimental and clinical applications. The use of serum-supplemented culture medium in this ex vivo approach is undesirable as serum contains unknown quantities of immune-modulating components and may induce unwanted immune responses if not autologous. Here, we describe a standardized protocol for generating bovine MoDC in serum-free medium (AIM-V) and detail the MoDC phenotype, cytokine profile, and metabolic signature achieved using this culture methodology. MoDC generated from adult, barren cattle were used for a series of experiments that evaluated the following culture conditions: medium type, method of monocyte enrichment, culture duration, and concentration of differentiation additives. Viability and yield were assessed using flow cytometric propidium iodide staining and manual hemocytometer counting, respectively. MoDC phenotype and T cell activation and proliferation were assessed by flow cytometric analysis of surface markers (MHC class II, CD86, CD14, and CD205), and CD25 and CFSE respectively. Cytokine secretion was quantified using a multiplex bovine cytokine panel (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ, MIP-1α, TNF-α, and IL-4). Changes in cell metabolism following stimulation were analyzed using an Extracellular Flux (XFe96) Seahorse Analyzer. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and repeated measures ANOVA. Immature MoDC generated in serum-free medium using magnetic-activated cell sorting with plate adhesion to enrich monocytes and cultured for 4 days have the following phenotypic profile: MHC class II+++, CD86+, CD205++, and CD14-. These MoDC can be matured with PMA and ionomycin as noted by increased CD86 and CD40 expression, increased cytokine secretion (IL-1α, IL-10, MIP-1α, and IL-17A), a metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis, and induction of T cell activation and proliferation following maturation. Cultivation of bovine MoDC utilizing our well-defined culture protocol offers a serum-free approach to mechanistically investigate mechanisms of diseases and the safety and efficacy of novel therapeutics for both humans and cattle alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Guinan
- Department of Pathology and Population Medicine, Midwestern University College of Veterinary Medicine, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Brina S Lopez
- Department of Pathology and Population Medicine, Midwestern University College of Veterinary Medicine, Glendale, AZ, United States
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12
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Paßlick D, Reinholz J, Simon J, Piradashvili K, Jiang S, Li M, Landfester K, Mailänder V. Nanovaccine impact on dendritic cells: transcriptome analysis enables new insights into antigen and adjuvant effects. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2053-2069. [PMID: 32885728 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: For vaccines the combination between an antigen and adjuvants are both crucially important to trigger an effective immune response in dendritic cells. Innovative adjuvants like resiquimod or muramyldipeptide have their target protein inside the cell. Materials & methods: Up/downregulation and proteome expression was investigated for the adjuvant combination resiquimod and muramyldipeptide in a soluble form versus encapsulated into a nanocarrier. Results: We found that 1225 genes were upregulated after nanocarrier treatment while 478 genes were downregulated. Most prominent were interferon-stimulated genes with more than 25-times higher expression after nanocarrier treatment, for example RSAD2 and ISG15, which were recently found to have antiviral or antitumor effects. Conclusion: Encapsulation gives a more effective upregulation of vaccine-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Paßlick
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Jonas Reinholz
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Johanna Simon
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Keti Piradashvili
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Mengyi Li
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
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13
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Theileria annulata transformation altered cell surface molecules expression and endocytic function of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2019; 11:101365. [PMID: 31899129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.101365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Theileria annulata is a protozoan parasite transmitted by ticks to cattle. The most important processes of T. annulata are the infection and transformation of host monocytes, which promote cell division and generate a neoplastic phenotype. Dendritic cells play an important role in the development of adaptive immune responses against parasites and are traditionally classified into four types. One type of dendritic cell derived from afferent lymph was successfully transformed by T. annulata in vitro in a previous report. However, whether the monocyte-derived dendritic cells could be transformed and how the endocytic function is affected by T. annulata infection were not yet known. Bovine dendritic cells (DCs) derived from blood CD14+ monocytes were cocultured with T. annulata sporozoites in vitro. On day 15 post infection, rounded and continuously proliferating cells were observed. The effect of this transformation on cell phenotype was studied using immunostaining and flow cytometry. After transformation, the cells maintained the expression of the DC-specific marker CD11c, but it was downregulated as were the expression of CD11b, CD14 and CD86. In contrast, CD205, CD45 and MHC class Ⅱ molecules were upregulated in transformed cells. The levels of CD172a, CD21, CD40 and CD80 expression were very low in the transformed cells (<1 %). However, the transformed cells maintained high expression levels of MHC Ⅰ (>99 %). In addition, the normal and transformed DCs were cocultured with OVA-FITC antigen to compare the differences of the endocytic functions between these two types of cells. The results revealed that the endocytic functions of MoDCs were significantly inhibited after transformation by T. annulata.
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14
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Rapoport EM, Moiseeva EV, Aronov DA, Khaidukov SV, Pazynina GV, Tsygankova SV, Ryzhov IM, Belyanchikov IM, Tyrtysh TV, McCullough KC, Bovin NV. Glycan-binding profile of DC-like cells. Glycoconj J 2019; 37:129-138. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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15
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Hoober JK, Eggink LL, Cote R. Stories From the Dendritic Cell Guardhouse. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2880. [PMID: 31921144 PMCID: PMC6919295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytic cells [dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and mast cells] utilize C-type (Ca2+-dependent) lectin-like (CLEC) receptors to identify and internalize pathogens or danger signals. As monitors of environmental imbalances, CLEC receptors are particularly important in the function of DCs. Activation of the immune system requires, in sequence, presentation of antigen to the T cell receptor (TCR) by DCs, interaction of co-stimulatory factors such as CD40/80/86 on DCs with CD40L and CD28 on T cells, and production of IL-12 and/or IFN-α/β to amplify T cell differentiation and expansion. Without this sequence of events within an inflammatory environment, or in a different order, antigen-specific T cells become unresponsive, are deleted or become regulatory T cells. Thus, the mode by which CLEC receptors on DCs are engaged can either elicit activation of T cells to achieve an immune response or induce tolerance. This minireview illustrates these aspects with Dectin-1, DEC205, the mannose receptor and CLEC10A as examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Cote
- Susavion Biosciences, Inc., Tempe, AZ, United States
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16
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Merlino G, Fiascarelli A, Bigioni M, Bressan A, Carrisi C, Bellarosa D, Salerno M, Bugianesi R, Manno R, Bernadó Morales C, Arribas J, Dusek RL, Ackroyd JE, Pham PH, Awdew R, Aud D, Trang M, Lynch CM, Terrett J, Wilson KE, Rohlff C, Manzini S, Pellacani A, Binaschi M. MEN1309/OBT076, a First-In-Class Antibody-Drug Conjugate Targeting CD205 in Solid Tumors. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1533-1543. [PMID: 31227646 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CD205 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein and is a member of the C-type lectin receptor family. Analysis by mass spectrometry revealed that CD205 was robustly expressed and highly prevalent in a variety of solid malignancies from different histotypes. IHC confirmed the increased expression of CD205 in pancreatic, bladder, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) compared with that in the corresponding normal tissues. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, rapid internalization of the CD205 antigen was observed. These results supported the development of MEN1309/OBT076, a fully humanized CD205-targeting mAb conjugated to DM4, a potent maytansinoid derivate, via a cleavable N-succinimidyl-4-(2-pyridyldithio) butanoate linker. MEN1309/OBT076 was characterized in vitro for target binding affinity, mechanism of action, and cytotoxic activity against a panel of cancer cell lines. MEN1309/OBT076 displayed selective and potent cytotoxic effects against tumor cells exhibiting strong and low to moderate CD205 expression. In vivo, MEN1309/OBT076 showed potent antitumor activity resulting in durable responses and complete tumor regressions in many TNBC, pancreatic, and bladder cancer cell line-derived and patient-derived xenograft models, independent of antigen expression levels. Finally, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic profile of MEN1309/OBT076 was characterized in pancreatic tumor-bearing mice, demonstrating that the serum level of antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) achieved through dosing was consistent with the kinetics of its antitumor activity. Overall, our data demonstrate that MEN1309/OBT076 is a novel and selective ADC with potent activity against CD205-positive tumors. These data supported the clinical development of MEN1309/OBT076, and further evaluation of this ADC is currently ongoing in the first-in-human SHUTTLE clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Merlino
- Department of Experimental and Translational Oncology, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Pomezia, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessio Fiascarelli
- Department of Experimental and Translational Oncology, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Bigioni
- Department of Experimental and Translational Oncology, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bressan
- Department of Experimental and Translational Oncology, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Carrisi
- Department of Experimental and Translational Oncology, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Bellarosa
- Department of Experimental and Translational Oncology, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Salerno
- Department of Experimental and Translational Oncology, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossana Bugianesi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism, Menarini Ricerche, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Bernadó Morales
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall D'Hebron, Institute of Oncology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncologia (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquin Arribas
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall D'Hebron, Institute of Oncology and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Oncologia (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Rahel Awdew
- Oxford BioTherapeutics, Ltd., Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Dee Aud
- Oxford BioTherapeutics, Ltd., Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Trang
- Oxford BioTherapeutics, Ltd., Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Monica Binaschi
- Department of Experimental and Translational Oncology, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Pomezia, Rome, Italy
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17
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Brown FF, Campbell JP, Wadley AJ, Fisher JP, Aldred S, Turner JE. Acute aerobic exercise induces a preferential mobilisation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells into the peripheral blood in man. Physiol Behav 2018; 194:191-198. [PMID: 29763678 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are important sentinel cells of the immune system responsible for presenting antigen to T cells. Exercise is known to cause an acute and transient increase in the frequency of DCs in the bloodstream in humans, yet there are contradictory findings in the literature regarding the phenotypic composition of DCs mobilised during exercise, which may have implications for immune regulation and health. Accordingly, we sought to investigate the composition of DC sub-populations mobilised in response to acute aerobic exercise. Nine healthy males (age, 21.9 ± 3.6 years; height, 177.8 ± 5.4 cm; body mass, 78.9 ± 10.8 kg; body mass index, 24.9 ± 3.3 kg·m2; V̇O2 MAX, 41.5 ± 5.1 mL·kg·min-1) cycled for 20 min at 80% V̇O2 MAX. Blood was sampled at baseline, during the final minute of exercise and 30 min later. Using flow cytometry, total DCs were defined as Lineage- (CD3, CD19, CD20, CD14, CD56) HLA-DR+ and subsequently identified as plasmacytoid DCs (CD303+) and myeloid DCs (CD303-). Myeloid DCs were analysed for expression of CD1c and CD141 to yield four sub-populations; CD1c-CD141+; CD1c+CD141+; CD1c+CD141- and CD1c-CD141-. Expression of CD205 was also analysed on all DC sub-populations to identify DCs capable of recognising apoptotic and necrotic cells. Total DCs increased by 150% during exercise (F(1,10) = 60; p < 0.05, η2 = 0.9). Plasmacytoid DCs mobilised to a greater magnitude than myeloid DCs (195 ± 131% vs. 131 ± 100%; p < 0.05). Among myeloid DCs, CD1c-CD141- cells showed the largest exercise-induced mobilisation (167 ± 122%), with a stepwise pattern observed among the remaining sub-populations: CD1c+CD141- (79 ± 50%), followed by CD1c+CD141+ (44 ± 41%), with the smallest response shown by CD1c-CD141+ cells (23 ± 54%) (p < 0.05). Among myeloid DCs, CD205- cells were the most exercise responsive. All DC subsets returned to resting levels within 30 min of exercise cessation. These results show that there is a preferential mobilisation of plasmacytoid DCs during exercise. Given the functional repertoire of plasmacytoid DCs, which includes the production of interferons against viral and bacterial pathogens, these findings indicate that exercise may augment immune-surveillance by preferentially mobilising effector cells; these findings have general implications for the promotion of exercise for health, and specifically for the optimisation of DC harvest for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John P Campbell
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK; Clinical Immunology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alex J Wadley
- School Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - James P Fisher
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sarah Aldred
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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18
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Expression, Distribution, and Role of C-Type Lectin Receptors in the Human and Animal Middle Ear and Eustachian Tube: A Review. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040734. [PMID: 29565818 PMCID: PMC6017961 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Otitis media (OM) is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear (ME), regardless of cause or pathological mechanism. Among the molecular biological studies assessing the pathology of OM are investigations into the expression of C-type lectin receptors (CLR) in the ME and Eustachian tube (ET). To date, nine studies have evaluated CLR expression in the ME and ET. The expression of individual CLRs in mammalian ME and ET varies by species and model of OM. Assessments have shown that the patterns of CLR expression in the ME and ET vary; that CLR expression may vary by type of OM; and that the distribution and levels of expression of CLRs may depend on the presence or absence of inflammation, with variations even within the same species and same tissue. Infection of the ME and ET with various pathogens is a common cause of all types of OM, with host responses to pathogens mediated initially by the innate immune system. CLRs are important factors in the innate immune system because they act as both adhesion molecules and as pathogen recognition receptors. The expression of CLRs in OM tissues suggests that CLRs are associated with the pathogenesis of various types of OM.
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19
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The mannose receptor LY75 (DEC205/CD205) modulates cellular phenotype and metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:14125-42. [PMID: 26871602 PMCID: PMC4924702 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) dissemination is still poorly understood. Previously, we identified the mannose receptor LY75 gene as hypomethylated in high-grade (HG) serous EOC tumors, compared to normal ovarian tissues. LY75 represents endocytic receptor expressed on dendritic cells and so far, has been primarily studied for its role in antigen processing and presentation. Here we demonstrate that LY75 is overexpressed in advanced EOC and that LY75 suppression induces mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) in EOC cell lines with mesenchymal morphology (SKOV3 and TOV112), accompanied by reduction of their migratory and invasive capacity in vitro and enhanced tumor cell colonization and metastatic growth in vivo. LY75 knockdown in SKOV3 cells also resulted in predominant upregulation of functional pathways implicated in cell proliferation and metabolism, while pathways associated with cell signaling and adhesion, complement activation and immune response were mostly suppressed. Moreover, LY75 suppression had an opposite effect on EOC cell lines with epithelial phenotype (A2780s and OV2008), by directing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated with reduced capacity for in vivo EOC cell colonization, as similar/identical signaling pathways were reversely regulated, when compared to mesenchymal LY75 knockdown EOC cells.To our knowledge, this is the first report of a gene displaying such pleiotropic effects in sustaining the cellular phenotype of EOC cells and points to novel functions of this receptor in modulating EOC dissemination. Our data also support previous findings regarding the superior capacity of epithelial cancer cells in metastatic colonization of distant sites, compared to cancer cells with mesenchymal-like morphology.
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20
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Antonialli R, Sulczewski FB, Amorim KNDS, Almeida BDS, Ferreira NS, Yamamoto MM, Soares IS, Ferreira LCDS, Rosa DS, Boscardin SB. CpG Oligodeoxinucleotides and Flagellin Modulate the Immune Response to Antigens Targeted to CD8α + and CD8α - Conventional Dendritic Cell Subsets. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1727. [PMID: 29255470 PMCID: PMC5723008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells essential for the induction of adaptive immune responses. Their unprecedented ability to present antigens to T cells has made them excellent targets for vaccine development. In the last years, a new technology based on antigen delivery directly to different DC subsets through the use of hybrid monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to DC surface receptors fused to antigens of interest opened new perspectives for the induction of robust immune responses. Normally, the hybrid mAbs are administered with adjuvants that induce DC maturation. In this work, we targeted an antigen to the CD8α+ or the CD8α− DC subsets in the presence of CpG oligodeoxinucleotides (ODN) or bacterial flagellin, using hybrid αDEC205 or αDCIR2 mAbs, respectively. We also accessed the role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) 5 and 9 signaling in the induction of specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Wild-type and TLR5 or TLR9 knockout mice were immunized with two doses of the hybrid αDEC205 or αDCIR2 mAbs, as well as with an isotype control, together with CpG ODN 1826 or flagellin. A chimeric antigen containing the Plasmodium vivax 19 kDa portion of the merozoite surface protein (MSP119) linked to the Pan-allelic DR epitope was fused to each mAb. Specific CD4+ T cell proliferation, cytokine, and antibody production were analyzed. We found that CpG ODN 1826 or flagellin were able to induce CD4+ T cell proliferation, CD4+ T cells producing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and specific antibodies when the antigen was targeted to the CD8α+ DC subset. On the other hand, antigen targeting to CD8α− DC subset promoted specific antibody responses and proliferation, but no detectable pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cell responses. Also, specific antibody responses after antigen targeting to CD8α+ or CD8α− DCs were reduced in the absence of TLR9 or TLR5 signaling, while CD4+ T cell proliferation was mainly affected after antigen targeting to CD8α+ DCs and in the absence of TLR9 signaling. These results extend our understanding of the modulation of specific immune responses induced by antigen targeting to DCs in the presence of different adjuvants. Such knowledge may be useful for the optimization of DC-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Antonialli
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bianca da Silva Almeida
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Soares Ferreira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Massao Yamamoto
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene Silva Soares
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Santoro Rosa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Beatriz Boscardin
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute for Investigation in Immunology (iii), INCT, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Rare coding variants pinpoint genes that control human hematological traits. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006925. [PMID: 28787443 PMCID: PMC5560754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of rare coding or splice site variants remains the most straightforward strategy to link genes with human phenotypes. Here, we analyzed the association between 137,086 rare (minor allele frequency (MAF) <1%) coding or splice site variants and 15 hematological traits in up to 308,572 participants. We found 56 such rare coding or splice site variants at P<5x10-8, including 31 that are associated with a blood-cell phenotype for the first time. All but one of these 31 new independent variants map to loci previously implicated in hematopoiesis by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This includes a rare splice acceptor variant (rs146597587, MAF = 0.5%) in interleukin 33 (IL33) associated with reduced eosinophil count (P = 2.4x10-23), and lower risk of asthma (P = 2.6x10-7, odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.56 [0.45-0.70]) and allergic rhinitis (P = 4.2x10-4, odds ratio = 0.55 [0.39-0.76]). The single new locus identified in our study is defined by a rare p.Arg172Gly missense variant (rs145535174, MAF = 0.05%) in plasminogen (PLG) associated with increased platelet count (P = 6.8x10-9), and decreased D-dimer concentration (P = 0.018) and platelet reactivity (P<0.03). Finally, our results indicate that searching for rare coding or splice site variants in very large sample sizes can help prioritize causal genes at many GWAS loci associated with complex human diseases and traits.
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22
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Silva-Cardoso SC, Affandi AJ, Spel L, Cossu M, van Roon JAG, Boes M, Radstake TRDJ. CXCL4 Exposure Potentiates TLR-Driven Polarization of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells and Increases Stimulation of T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2017; 199:253-262. [PMID: 28515281 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines have been shown to play immune-modulatory functions unrelated to steering cell migration. CXCL4 is a chemokine abundantly produced by activated platelets and immune cells. Increased levels of circulating CXCL4 are associated with immune-mediated conditions, including systemic sclerosis. Considering the central role of dendritic cells (DCs) in immune activation, in this article we addressed the effect of CXCL4 on the phenotype and function of monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). To this end, we compared innate and adaptive immune responses of moDCs with those that were differentiated in the presence of CXCL4. Already prior to TLR- or Ag-specific stimulation, CXCL4-moDCs displayed a more matured phenotype. We found that CXCL4 exposure can sensitize moDCs for TLR-ligand responsiveness, as illustrated by a dramatic upregulation of CD83, CD86, and MHC class I in response to TLR3 and TLR7/8-agonists. Also, we observed a markedly increased secretion of IL-12 and TNF-α by CXCL4-moDCs exclusively upon stimulation with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, R848, and CL075 ligands. Next, we analyzed the effect of CXCL4 in modulating DC-mediated T cell activation. CXCL4-moDCs strongly potentiated proliferation of autologous CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells and production of IFN-γ and IL-4, in an Ag-independent manner. Although the internalization of Ag was comparable to that of moDCs, Ag processing by CXCL4-moDCs was impaired. Yet, these cells were more potent at stimulating Ag-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Together our data support that increased levels of circulating CXCL4 may contribute to immune dysregulation through the modulation of DC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra C Silva-Cardoso
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; and
| | - Alsya J Affandi
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; and
| | - Lotte Spel
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marta Cossu
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; and
| | - Joel A G van Roon
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; and
| | - Marianne Boes
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands;
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands;
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands; and
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23
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El-Hussein A, Lam SSK, Raker J, Chen WR, Hamblin MR. N-dihydrogalactochitosan as a potent immune activator for dendritic cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:963-972. [PMID: 28028922 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has become one of the fastest growing areas of cancer research. A promising in situ autologous cancer vaccine (inCVAX) uses a novel immune activator, N-dihydrogalactochitosan (GC), that possesses the ability to stimulate dendritic cells (DC). inCVAX is a combination treatment procedure involving treatment of the tumor with a thermal near-infrared laser to liberate whole cell tumor antigens, followed by injection of GC (a glucosamine polymer with galactose attached to the amino groups) into the treated tumor thereby inducing a systemic antitumor immune response. Regression of both the treated tumor and distant untreated metastases has been observed in both nonclinical and clinical settings following inCVAX. We studied the stimulatory action of GC on relatively immature DCs (DC2.4 cell line) in vitro. GC at 1 mg/mL was a potent stimulator for DC with limited toxicity, giving increased expression of major histocompatibility complex class 2, CD80, and CD11c. Confocal imaging also revealed qualitatively increased uptake of antigen (Texas red-labeled ovalbumin) by DCs after the introduction of GC. To visualize cellular uptake, GC was conjugated with FITC-fluorophore revealing its cellular internalization after 8 hours. In some cases GC was more effective than the toxic TLR4 agonist, lipopolysaccharide. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 963-972, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Hussein
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.,The National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samuel S K Lam
- Immunophotonics, Inc, 4320 Forest Park Ave, Suite #303, St. Louis, Missouri 63108
| | - Joseph Raker
- Immunophotonics, Inc, 4320 Forest Park Ave, Suite #303, St. Louis, Missouri 63108
| | - Wei R Chen
- University of Central Oklahoma, 100 N University Dr, Edmond, Oklahoma 73034
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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24
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Eicher JD, Chami N, Kacprowski T, Nomura A, Chen MH, Yanek LR, Tajuddin SM, Schick UM, Slater AJ, Pankratz N, Polfus L, Schurmann C, Giri A, Brody JA, Lange LA, Manichaikul A, Hill WD, Pazoki R, Elliot P, Evangelou E, Tzoulaki I, Gao H, Vergnaud AC, Mathias RA, Becker DM, Becker LC, Burt A, Crosslin DR, Lyytikäinen LP, Nikus K, Hernesniemi J, Kähönen M, Raitoharju E, Mononen N, Raitakari OT, Lehtimäki T, Cushman M, Zakai NA, Nickerson DA, Raffield LM, Quarells R, Willer CJ, Peloso GM, Abecasis GR, Liu DJ, Deloukas P, Samani NJ, Schunkert H, Erdmann J, Fornage M, Richard M, Tardif JC, Rioux JD, Dube MP, de Denus S, Lu Y, Bottinger EP, Loos RJF, Smith AV, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Gudnason V, Velez Edwards DR, Torstenson ES, Liu Y, Tracy RP, Rotter JI, Rich SS, Highland HM, Boerwinkle E, Li J, Lange E, Wilson JG, Mihailov E, Mägi R, Hirschhorn J, Metspalu A, Esko T, Vacchi-Suzzi C, Nalls MA, Zonderman AB, Evans MK, Engström G, Orho-Melander M, Melander O, O'Donoghue ML, Waterworth DM, Wallentin L, White HD, Floyd JS, Bartz TM, Rice KM, Psaty BM, Starr JM, Liewald DCM, Hayward C, Deary IJ, Greinacher A, Völker U, Thiele T, Völzke H, van Rooij FJA, Uitterlinden AG, Franco OH, Dehghan A, Edwards TL, Ganesh SK, Kathiresan S, Faraday N, Auer PL, Reiner AP, Lettre G, Johnson AD. Platelet-Related Variants Identified by Exomechip Meta-analysis in 157,293 Individuals. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:40-55. [PMID: 27346686 PMCID: PMC5005441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet production, maintenance, and clearance are tightly controlled processes indicative of platelets' important roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelets are common targets for primary and secondary prevention of several conditions. They are monitored clinically by complete blood counts, specifically with measurements of platelet count (PLT) and mean platelet volume (MPV). Identifying genetic effects on PLT and MPV can provide mechanistic insights into platelet biology and their role in disease. Therefore, we formed the Blood Cell Consortium (BCX) to perform a large-scale meta-analysis of Exomechip association results for PLT and MPV in 157,293 and 57,617 individuals, respectively. Using the low-frequency/rare coding variant-enriched Exomechip genotyping array, we sought to identify genetic variants associated with PLT and MPV. In addition to confirming 47 known PLT and 20 known MPV associations, we identified 32 PLT and 18 MPV associations not previously observed in the literature across the allele frequency spectrum, including rare large effect (FCER1A), low-frequency (IQGAP2, MAP1A, LY75), and common (ZMIZ2, SMG6, PEAR1, ARFGAP3/PACSIN2) variants. Several variants associated with PLT/MPV (PEAR1, MRVI1, PTGES3) were also associated with platelet reactivity. In concurrent BCX analyses, there was overlap of platelet-associated variants with red (MAP1A, TMPRSS6, ZMIZ2) and white (PEAR1, ZMIZ2, LY75) blood cell traits, suggesting common regulatory pathways with shared genetic architecture among these hematopoietic lineages. Our large-scale Exomechip analyses identified previously undocumented associations with platelet traits and further indicate that several complex quantitative hematological, lipid, and cardiovascular traits share genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Eicher
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Nathalie Chami
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and Ernst-Mortiz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Akihiro Nomura
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9200942, Japan
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ursula M Schick
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew J Slater
- Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; OmicSoft Corporation, Cary, NC 27513, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Linda Polfus
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - W David Hill
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Raha Pazoki
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Elliot
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Anne-Claire Vergnaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Divisions of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Amber Burt
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David R Crosslin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; University of Tampere, School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Jussi Hernesniemi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland; Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33514, Finland
| | - Mary Cushman
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Neil A Zakai
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Rakale Quarells
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Social Epidemiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Gina M Peloso
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Goncalo R Abecasis
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Dajiang J Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University London, London E1 4NS, UK; Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80333, Germany; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich 80333, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany; DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Melissa Richard
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - John D Rioux
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Dube
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Simon de Denus
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 21224, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Eric S Torstenson
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Center for Human Genetics, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Colchester, VT 05446, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Heather M Highland
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ethan Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Evelin Mihailov
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Joel Hirschhorn
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Caterina Vacchi-Suzzi
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 21224, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 221 00, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Malmö 222 41, Sweden
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 221 00, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Malmö 222 41, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 221 00, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Malmö 222 41, Sweden
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dawn M Waterworth
- Genetics, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - James S Floyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - J M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Research Centre, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - David C M Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and Ernst-Mortiz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Thiele
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 13347, Germany
| | | | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing (NCHA), Rotterdam 3015, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Departments of Internal and Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nauder Faraday
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53205, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA.
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Lo TH, Silveira PA, Fromm PD, Verma ND, Vu PA, Kupresanin F, Adam R, Kato M, Cogger VC, Clark GJ, Hart DNJ. Characterization of the Expression and Function of the C-Type Lectin Receptor CD302 in Mice and Humans Reveals a Role in Dendritic Cell Migration. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:885-98. [PMID: 27316686 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors play important roles in immune cell interactions with the environment. We described CD302 as the simplest, single domain, type I C-type lectin receptor and showed it was expressed mainly on the myeloid phagocytes in human blood. CD302 colocalized with podosomes and lamellopodia structures, so we hypothesized that it played a role in cell adhesion or migration. In this study, we used mouse models to obtain further insights into CD302 expression and its potential immunological function. Mouse CD302 transcripts were, as in humans, highest in the liver, followed by lungs, lymph nodes (LN), spleen, and bone marrow. In liver, CD302 was expressed by hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and Kupffer cells. A detailed analysis of CD302 transcription in mouse immune cells revealed highest expression by myeloid cells, particularly macrophages, granulocytes, and myeloid dendritic cells (mDC). Interestingly, 2.5-fold more CD302 was found in migratory compared with resident mDC populations and higher CD302 expression in mouse M1 versus M2 macrophages was also noteworthy. CD302 knockout (CD302KO) mice were generated. Studies on the relevant immune cell populations revealed a decrease in the frequency and numbers of migratory mDC within CD302KO LN compared with wild-type LN. In vitro studies showed CD302KO and wild-type DC had an equivalent capacity to undergo maturation, prime T cells, uptake Ags, and migrate toward the CCL19/CCL21 chemokines. Nevertheless, CD302KO migratory DC exhibited reduced in vivo migration into LN, confirming a functional role for CD302 in mDC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsun-Ho Lo
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Pablo A Silveira
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Phillip D Fromm
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Nirupama D Verma
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Phi A Vu
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Fiona Kupresanin
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Rhonda Adam
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Masato Kato
- Mater Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Biogerontology Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia; and
| | - Georgina J Clark
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Derek N J Hart
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Department of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
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Pospíšilová E, Kavan D, Novák P, Chmelík J. 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments of human DCL-1 (CD302) extracellular domain. BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2016; 10:189-192. [PMID: 26725057 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-015-9664-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
DCL-1 (CD302) is a single-pass type one transmembrane protein which is predominantly expressed on myeloid cell lines. It possess the ability of endocytosis and is assumed to play a role in cell adhesion and migration. It has been also connected to several illnesses but more on the level of mRNA than on the protein expression level. More interestingly it is alternatively expressed in the form of a fusion protein with another single-pass type one transmembrane protein DEC205 (CD205) which is normally involved in antigen-uptake and endocytosis. The fusion protein has been assigned to have altered function compared to the wild type proteins. We have performed NMR structural analysis of the 16.2 kDa extracellular domain of DCL-1 to get a better insight onto this molecule. We have been able to assign nearly 97 % of resonance frequencies for the (15)N and (13)C labeled recombinant protein. The assignments have been deposited into Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank under the accession number 25802.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Pospíšilová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Kavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Novák
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Chmelík
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Targeting dendritic cells: a promising strategy to improve vaccine effectiveness. Clin Transl Immunology 2016; 5:e66. [PMID: 27217957 PMCID: PMC4815026 DOI: 10.1038/cti.2016.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) targeting is a novel strategy to enhance vaccination efficacy. This approach is based on the in situ delivery of antigen via antibodies that are specific for endocytic receptors expressed at the surface of DCs. Here we review the complexity of the DC subsets and the antigen presentation pathways that need to be considered in the settings of DC targeting. We also summarize current knowledge about antigen delivery to DCs via DEC-205, Clec9A and Clec12A, receptor targets that strongly enhance cellular and humoral immune responses. Finally, we discuss the intracellular trafficking criteria of the targeted receptors that may impact their effectiveness as DC targets.
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Jahan ST, Haddadi A. Investigation and optimization of formulation parameters on preparation of targeted anti-CD205 tailored PLGA nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:7371-84. [PMID: 26677326 PMCID: PMC4677653 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s90866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of various formulation parameters on anti-CD205 antibody decorated poly(d, l-lactide co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) in terms of their ability to target dendritic cells (DCs). In brief, emulsification solvent evaporation technique was adapted to design NP formulations using two different viscosity grades (low and high) of both ester and carboxylic acid terminated PLGA. Incorporation of ligand was achieved following physical adsorption or chemical conjugation processes. The physicochemical characterizations of formulations were executed to assess the effects of different solvents (chloroform and ethyl acetate), stabilizer percentage, polymer types, polymer viscosities, ligand-NP bonding types, cross-linkers, and cryoprotectants (sucrose and trehalose). Modification of any of these parameters shows significant improvement of physicochemical properties of NPs. Ethyl acetate was the solvent of choice for the formulations to ensure better emulsion formation. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of anti-CD205 antibody in the NP formulation. Finally, cytotoxicity assay confirmed the safety profile of the NPs for DCs. Thus, ligand modified structurally concealed PLGA NPs is a promising delivery tool for targeting DCs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Tasnim Jahan
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Azita Haddadi
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Strong RA, Silva EB, Cheng HW, Eicher SD. Acute brief heat stress in late gestation alters neonatal calf innate immune functions. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:7771-83. [PMID: 26298746 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress, as one of the environmental stressors affecting the dairy industry, compromises the cow milk production, immune function, and reproductive system. However, few studies have looked at how prenatal heat stress (HS) affects the offspring. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HS during late gestation on calf immunity. Calves were born to cows exposed to evaporative cooling (CT) or HS (cyclic 23-35°C) for 1 wk at 3 wk before calving. Both bull and heifer calves (CT, n=10; HS, n=10) were housed in similar environmental temperatures after birth. Both CT and HS calves received 3.78 L of pooled colostrum within 12 h after birth and were fed the same diet throughout the study. In addition to tumor necrosis factor α, IL-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and toll-like receptor (TLR)2, and TLR4 mRNA expression, the expression of CD14(+) and CD18(+) cells, and DEC205(+) dendritic cells were determined in whole blood samples at d 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, differential cell counts, and the hematocrit were also determined. During late gestation, the HS cows had greater respiration rates, rectal temperatures, and tended to spend more time standing compared with the CT cows. The HS calves had less expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and TLR2 and greater levels of IL-1β, IL-1RA, and TLR4 compared with CT calves. The HS calves also had a greater percentage of CD18(+) cells compared with the CT calves. Additionally, a greater percentage of neutrophils and lesser percentage of lymphocytes were in the HS calves compared with the CT calves. The results indicate that biomarkers of calves' immunity are affected in the first several weeks after birth by HS in the dam during late gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Strong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - E B Silva
- Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - H W Cheng
- Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - S D Eicher
- Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
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Reuter A, Panozza SE, Macri C, Dumont C, Li J, Liu H, Segura E, Vega-Ramos J, Gupta N, Caminschi I, Villadangos JA, Johnston APR, Mintern JD. Criteria for dendritic cell receptor selection for efficient antibody-targeted vaccination. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:2696-705. [PMID: 25653426 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ab-targeted vaccination involves targeting a receptor of choice expressed by dendritic cells (DCs) with Ag-coupled Abs. Currently, there is little consensus as to which criteria determine receptor selection to ensure superior Ag presentation and immunity. In this study, we investigated parameters of DC receptor internalization and determined how they impact Ag presentation outcomes. First, using mixed bone marrow chimeras, we established that Ag-targeted, but not nontargeted, DCs are responsible for Ag presentation in settings of Ab-targeted vaccination in vivo. Next, we analyzed parameters of DEC205 (CD205), Clec9A, CD11c, CD11b, and CD40 endocytosis and obtained quantitative measurements of internalization speed, surface turnover, and delivered Ag load. Exploiting these parameters in MHC class I (MHC I) and MHC class II (MHC II) Ag presentation assays, we showed that receptor expression level, proportion of surface turnover, or speed of receptor internalization did not impact MHC I or MHC II Ag presentation efficiency. Furthermore, the Ag load delivered to DCs did not correlate with the efficiency of MHC I or MHC II Ag presentation. In contrast, targeting Ag to CD8(+) or CD8(-) DCs enhanced MHC I or MHC II Ag presentation, respectively. Therefore, receptor expression levels, speed of internalization, and/or the amount of Ag delivered can be excluded as major determinants that dictate Ag presentation efficiency in setting of Ab-targeted vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Reuter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Max Planck Graduate Center, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Scott E Panozza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Christophe Macri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Claire Dumont
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jessica Li
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Haiyin Liu
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Elodie Segura
- INSERM Unité 932, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France; Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Javier Vega-Ramos
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; and
| | - Nishma Gupta
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Irina Caminschi
- Centre for Immunology, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; and
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; and
| | - Angus P R Johnston
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Justine D Mintern
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia;
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Imbalance between CD205 and CD80/CD86 in dendritic cells in patients with immune thrombocytopenia. Thromb Res 2014; 135:352-61. [PMID: 25554498 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2014.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION CD205(DEC-205), a tolerance-associated receptor, is a member of the macrophage mannose receptor family of C-type lectin receptors. Antigen uptake via CD205 induces regulatory T cells, thereby regulating peripheral immune tolerance. However, the contribution of CD205 to autoimmune diseases has not been elucidated. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by overdestruction of platelets. A previous study by the present authors found that CD205 expression in dendritic cells (DCs) was upregulated during induction of immune tolerance in patients with ITP. METHODS CD205 expression in monocyte-derived DCs and spleens from patients with ITP was analysed prior to and after high-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) treatment. Expression of CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR was also analysed in order to identify and define the maturation status of the DCs more precisely. RESULTS In patients with ITP, CD205 expression was found to be significantly decreased in DCs, and rare or absent in the border region of the spleen. However, the expression of CD80 and CD86 was increased in both monocyte-derived DCs and spleens in patients with ITP compared with controls. HD-DXM treatment may upregulate CD205 expression and downregulate CD80/CD86 expression, then rebalance the expression of CD205 and CD80/CD86 in DCs in patients with ITP. CONCLUSION Imbalance between CD205 and CD80/CD86 may contribute to the development of ITP. Therapies that aim to restore the balance between CD205 and CD80/CD86 may help to re-establish tolerance in patients with ITP.
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32
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Ruan GX, Chen YZ, Yao XL, Du A, Tang GP, Shen YQ, Tabata Y, Gao JQ. Macrophage mannose receptor-specific gene delivery vehicle for macrophage engineering. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1847-55. [PMID: 24440421 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are the most plastic cells in the hematopoietic system and they exhibit great functional diversity. They have been extensively applied in anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and anti-cancer therapies. However, the application of macrophages is limited by the efficiency of their engineering. The macrophage mannose receptor (MMR, CD206), a C-type lectin receptor, is ubiquitously expressed on macrophages and has a high affinity for mannose oligosaccharides. In the present study, we developed a novel non-viral vehicle with specific affinity for MMR. Mannan was cationized with spermine at a grafted ratio of ∼12% to deliver DNA and was characterized as a stable system for delivery. This spermine-mannan (SM)-based delivery system was evaluated as a biocompatible vehicle with superior transfection efficiency on murine macrophages, up to 28.5-fold higher than spermine-pullulan, 11.5-fold higher than polyethylenimine and 3.0-fold higher than Lipofectamine™ 2000. We confirmed that the SM-based delivery system for macrophages transfection was MMR-specific and we described the intracellular transport of the delivery system. To our knowledge, this is the first study using SM to demonstrate a mannose receptor-specific gene delivery system, thereby highlighting the potential of a novel specific non-viral delivery vehicle for macrophage engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Xin Ruan
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Zhe Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Lei Yao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Anariwa Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Peoples Hospital, 20 Zhaowuda Road, Huhehaote 010010, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Gu-Ping Tang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Qing Shen
- Center for Bionanoengineering and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Department of Biomaterials, Field of Tissue Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jian-Qing Gao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Li M, Li W, Wen S, Liu Y, Tang L. Effects of ceftriaxone-induced intestinal dysbacteriosis on dendritic cells of small intestine in mice. Microbiol Immunol 2014; 57:561-8. [PMID: 23650903 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal microflora plays a pivotal role in the development of the innate immune system and is essential in shaping adaptive immunity. Dysbacteriosis of intestinal microflora induces altered immune responses and results in disease susceptibility. Dendritic cells (DCs), the professional antigen-presenting cells, have gained increasing attention because they connect innate and adaptive immunity. They generate both immunity in response to stimulation by pathogenic bacteria and immune tolerance in the presence of commensal bacteria. However, few studies have examined the effects of intestinal dysbacteriosis on DCs. In this study, changes of DCs in the small intestine of mice under the condition of dysbacteriosis induced by ceftriaxone sodium were investigated. It was found that intragastric administration of ceftriaxone sodium caused severe dysteriosis in mice. Compared with controls, numbers of DCs in mice with dysbacteriosis increased significantly (P = 0.0001). However, the maturity and antigen-presenting ability of DCs were greatly reduced. In addition, there was a significant difference in secretion of IL-10 and IL-12 between DCs from mice with dysbacteriosis and controls. To conclude, ceftriaxone-induced intestinal dysbacteriosis strongly affected the numbers and functions of DCs. The present data suggest that intestinal microflora plays an important role in inducing and maintaining the functions of DCs and thus is essential for the connection between innate and adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Microecology, Dalian Medical University, No.9 Western Section, Lvshun South Street, Lvshunkou District, 116044, Dalian, China
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Targeting antigens to dendritic cell receptors for vaccine development. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2013; 2013:869718. [PMID: 24228179 PMCID: PMC3817681 DOI: 10.1155/2013/869718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly specialized antigen presenting cells of the immune system which play a key role in regulating immune responses. Depending on the method of antigen delivery, DCs stimulate immune responses or induce tolerance. As a consequence of the dual function of DCs, DCs are studied in the context of immunotherapy for both cancer and autoimmune diseases. In vaccine development, a major aim is to induce strong, specific T-cell responses. This is achieved by targeting antigen to cell surface molecules on DCs that efficiently channel the antigen into endocytic compartments for loading onto MHC molecules and stimulation of T-cell responses. The most attractive cell surface receptors, expressed on DCs used as targets for antigen delivery for cancer and other diseases, are discussed.
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Thomann-Harwood L, Kaeuper P, Rossi N, Milona P, Herrmann B, McCullough K. Nanogel vaccines targeting dendritic cells: Contributions of the surface decoration and vaccine cargo on cell targeting and activation. J Control Release 2013; 166:95-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ohtani H. Granuloma cells in chronic inflammation express CD205 (DEC205) antigen and harbor proliferating T lymphocytes: similarity to antigen-presenting cells. Pathol Int 2013; 63:85-93. [PMID: 23464965 PMCID: PMC3618377 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Granulomas are classified as immune or foreign body granulomas. Of these, the immune granulomas, a hallmark of granulomatous inflammation, are closely related to cell-mediated immune responses. The aim of the present study is to characterize immune granuloma cells in 33 patients with granulomatous inflammation focusing on the expression of CD205 (DEC205), a cell surface marker of antigen presenting cells, and their spatial relationship to T cells. CD205 was frequently expressed by immune granuloma cells, in contrast to foreign body granuloma cells that lacked CD205 expression. T cells were not only distributed in a lymphocyte collar around the granuloma, but also present among the granuloma cells (termed 'intra-granuloma T cells'). Intra-granuloma T cells stained positive for Ki-67 (median positivity = 9.4%) by double immunostaining for CD3 and Ki-67. This indicated the presence of proliferative stimuli within the granuloma that could activate the intra-granuloma T cells. The labeling index of Ki-67 in intra-granuloma T cells was significantly higher than that of T cells in the lymphocyte collar (P < 0.0001) or T cells in the T cell zone (paracortex) of chronic tonsillitis or reactive lymphadenitis (P = 0.002). These data indicate a close similarity between immune granulomas and antigen presenting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruo Ohtani
- Department of Pathology, Mito Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Ibaraki, Japan.
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37
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Hopkins RA, Connolly JE. The specialized roles of immature and mature dendritic cells in antigen cross-presentation. Immunol Res 2012; 53:91-107. [PMID: 22450675 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-012-8300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous antigen cross-presentation is integral to the stimulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes against viruses and tumors. Central to this process are dendritic cells (DCs), which specialize in cross-presentation. DCs may be considered to exist in two radically different states of activation, generally referred to as immature and mature. In each of these states, the cell has a series of separate and specialized abilities for the induction of T-cell immunity. In the immature state, the DC is adept in surveying the periphery, acquiring and storing antigen, but has a limited capacity for direct T-cell activation. During a brief and defined window of time following DC stimulation, nearly every aspect of antigen handling changes, as it transitions from an entity focused on protein preservation to one capable of efficient cross-presentation. It is this time period and the underlying molecular mechanisms active here, which form the core of our studies on cross-presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Hopkins
- Program in Translational Immunology, Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #03 Immunos, Biopolis, Singapore
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38
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Mouline CC, Beranger GE, Schmid-Antomarchi H, Quincey D, Momier D, Boukhechba F, Carle GF, Rochet N, Scimeca JC. Monocytes differentiation upon treatment with a peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of activated T cell-expressed Tirc7 protein. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:3088-98. [PMID: 22015593 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.23059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Atp6v0a3 gene encodes for two alternative products, Tirc7 and a3 proteins, which are differentially expressed in activated T cells and resorbing osteoclasts, respectively. Tirc7 plays a central role in T cell activation, while a3 protein is critical for osteoclast-mediated bone matrix resorption. Based on the large body of evidences documenting the relationships between T cells and osteoclasts, we hypothesized that the extracellular C-terminus of Tirc7 protein could directly interact with osteoclast precursor cells. To address this issue, we performed the molecular cloning of a mouse Atp6v0a3 cDNA segment encoding the last 40 amino acids of Tirc7 protein, and we used this peptide as a ligand added to mouse osteoclast precursor cells. We evidenced that Tirc7-Cter peptide induced the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclast-like cells, stimulated an autocrine/paracrine regulatory loop potentially involved in osteoclastic differentiation control, and strongly up-regulated F4/80 protein expression within multinucleated osteoclast-like cells. Using a mouse bone marrow-derived CD11b(+) cell line, or total bone marrow primary cells, we observed that similarly to Rankl, Tirc7-Cter peptide induced the formation of TRACP-positive large multinucleated cells. At last, using mouse primary monocytes purified from total bone marrow, we determined that Tirc7-Cter peptide induced the appearance of small multinucleated cells (3-4 nuclei), devoid of resorbing activity, and which displayed modulations of dendritic cell marker genes expression. In conclusion, we report for the first time on biological effects mediated by a peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of Tirc7 protein, which interfere with monocytic differentiation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C Mouline
- GéPITOs, Université de Nice, CNRS, UMR 6235, UFR Médecine, NICE, Cedex 2, France
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The C-type lectin receptor CLEC9A mediates antigen uptake and (cross-)presentation by human blood BDCA3+ myeloid dendritic cells. Blood 2012; 119:2284-92. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-08-373944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
CLEC9A is a recently discovered C-type lectin receptor involved in sensing necrotic cells. In humans, this receptor is selectively expressed by BDCA3+ myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), which have been proposed to be the main human cross-presenting mDCs and may represent the human homologue of murine CD8+ DCs. In mice, it was demonstrated that antigens delivered with antibodies to CLEC9A are presented by CD8+ DCs to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and induce antitumor immunity in a melanoma model. Here we assessed the ability of CLEC9A to mediate antigen presentation by human BDCA3+ mDCs, which represent < 0.05% of peripheral blood leukocytes. We demonstrate that CLEC9A is only expressed on immature BDCA3+ mDCs and that cell surface expression is lost after TLR-mediated maturation. CLEC9A triggering via antibody binding rapidly induces receptor internalization but does not affect TLR-induced cytokine production or expression of costimulatory molecules. More importantly, antigens delivered via CLEC9A antibodies to BDCA3+ mDCs are presented by both MHC class I (cross-presentation) and MHC class II to antigen-specific T cells. We conclude that CLEC9A is a promising target for in vivo antigen delivery in humans to increase the efficiency of vaccines against infectious or malignant diseases.
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Interleukin-6 receptor enhances early colonization of the murine omentum by upregulation of a mannose family receptor, LY75, in ovarian tumor cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 2011; 28:887-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-011-9420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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41
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Posorski N, Kaemmerer D, Ernst G, Grabowski P, Hoersch D, Hommann M, von Eggeling F. Localization of sporadic neuroendocrine tumors by gene expression analysis of their metastases. Clin Exp Metastasis 2011; 28:637-47. [PMID: 21681495 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-011-9397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A characteristic of human gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET) is a minute unobtrusive primary tumor which often cannot be detected by common physical examinations. It therefore remains unidentified until the tumor has spread and space-occupying metastases cause clinical symptoms leading to diagnosis. Cases in which the primary cannot be located are referred to as NET with CUP-syndrome (cancer of unknown primary syndrome). With the help of array-CGH (comparative genomic hybridization, Agilent 105K) and gene expression analysis (Agilent 44K), microdissected primaries and their metastases were compared to identify up- and down-regulated genes which can be used as a marker for tumor progression. In a next analysis step, a hierarchical clustering of 41.078 genes revealed three genes [C-type lectin domain family 13 member A (CD302), peptidylprolyl isomerase containing WD40 repeat (PPWD1) and abhydrolase domain containing 14B (ABHD14B)] which expression levels can categorize the metastases into three groups depending on the localization of their primary. Because cancer therapy is dependent on the localization of the primary, the gene expression level of these three genes are promising markers to unravel the CUP syndrome in NET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Posorski
- Core Unit Chip Application, Institute of Human Genetics, UKJ, University Hospital Jena, Germany
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Ito T, Inoue KI, Nishimura N, Takano H. Phthalate esters modulate the differentiation and maturation of mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived dendritic cells. J Appl Toxicol 2011; 32:142-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Ito
- Environmental Health Sciences Division; National Institute for Environmental Studies; 16-2 Onogawa; Tsukuba, Ibaraki; 305-8506; Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Inoue
- Environmental Health Sciences Division; National Institute for Environmental Studies; 16-2 Onogawa; Tsukuba, Ibaraki; 305-8506; Japan
| | - Noriko Nishimura
- Research Center for Environmental Risk; National Institute for Environmental Studies; 16-2 Onogawa; Tsukuba, Ibaraki; 305-8506; Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Environmental Health Sciences Division; National Institute for Environmental Studies; 16-2 Onogawa; Tsukuba, Ibaraki; 305-8506; Japan
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43
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Tel J, Benitez-Ribas D, Hoosemans S, Cambi A, Adema GJ, Figdor CG, Tacken PJ, de Vries IJM. DEC-205 mediates antigen uptake and presentation by both resting and activated human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:1014-23. [PMID: 21413003 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201040790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
DEC-205 is a type I C-type lectin receptor (CLR) that is expressed on various APC subsets and has been suggested to bind necrotic and apoptotic cells. Here we study DEC-205 characteristics in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) obtained from healthy individuals and assess its ability to mediate antigen presentation by isolating sufficient numbers of pDCs from apheresis material obtained from stage III/IV melanoma patients. The results demonstrate that DEC-205 is expressed on human pDCs. Internalization of DEC-205 after antibody ligation is clathrin- and dynamin-dependent as it is blocked by hypertonic shock or by inhibition of dynamin activity. Antibody targeting to DEC-205 does not affect TLR-induced expression levels of co-stimulatory and MHC molecules, but clearly impairs TLR-induced IFN-α secretion by 40%. We observed that TLR-mediated signaling increases DEC-205 expression levels without affecting receptor internalization. Moreover, human pDCs retained the capacity to present antigens via DEC-205 following TLR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurjen Tel
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Tsuji T, Matsuzaki J, Kelly MP, Ramakrishna V, Vitale L, He LZ, Keler T, Odunsi K, Old LJ, Ritter G, Gnjatic S. Antibody-Targeted NY-ESO-1 to Mannose Receptor or DEC-205 In Vitro Elicits Dual Human CD8+ and CD4+ T Cell Responses with Broad Antigen Specificity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 186:1218-27. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ishii M, Kato C, Hakamata A, Kojima N. Targeting with oligomannose-coated liposomes promotes maturation and splenic trafficking of dendritic cells in the peritoneal cavity. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 11:164-71. [PMID: 21112331 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we have shown that oligomannose-coated liposomes (OMLs) have a strong adjuvant effect in inducing T-helper 1 (Th1) immune responses and cytotoxic T cells specific for the encased antigen. In the present study, we demonstrate that preferential uptake of OMLs by DCs and subsequent DC maturation and splenic trafficking may be correlated with the adjuvant effect of OMLs. About 3% of resting murine peritoneal cells are CD11b(dull)CD11c(+) cells, which express MHC class II and CD86, and about 30% are CD11b(high)CD11c(-) cells, which express F4/80 and CD14. This indicates that these cells are resident peritoneal DCs and monocytes/macrophages, respectively. Both types of cells rapidly took up OMLs in the peritoneal cavity, but only CD11b(dull)CD11c(+) cells produced interleukin (IL)-12 in response to OML uptake. IL-6 was not produced by either type of cells. The expression levels of CD205 and CCR7, which are markers of cell maturity in murine DCs, were upregulated in CD11b(dull)CD11c(+) cells obtained from OML-treated mice. In addition, CD11b(dull)CD11c(+) cells with ingested OMLs were found in the spleen 18 h after intraperitoneal administration of OMLs. These results indicate that OMLs can be used as a vehicle for delivery of antigens to DCs and as an adjuvant to promote DC maturation, activation, and trafficking into lymphoid organs, thereby eliciting a Th1 immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Ishii
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
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Mikulak J, Teichberg S, Arora S, Kumar D, Yadav A, Salhan D, Pullagura S, Mathieson PW, Saleem MA, Singhal PC. DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin mediates internalization of HIV-1 into human podocytes. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 299:F664-73. [PMID: 20630938 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00629.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 has been demonstrated to contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV-associated nephropathy. In renal biopsy studies, podocytes have been reported to be infected by HIV-1. However, the mechanism involved in HIV-1 internalization into podocytes is not clear. In the present study, we evaluated the occurrence of HIV-1 internalization into conditionally immortalized human podocytes and the mechanism involved. Human podocytes rapidly internalized R5 and X4 HIV-1 primary strains via an endocytosis-dependent pathway, without establishing a productive infection. The HIV-1 internalization was dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) receptor mediated. The role of DC-SIGN was confirmed by using specific blocking antibodies and transfection with small interfering (si) RNA/DC-SIGN. Since podocyte HIV-1 trafficking was not altered by pH-modulating agents, it appeared that HIV-1 routing occurred through nonacid vesicular compartments. Interestingly, transfection of podocytes with neither siRNA/caveolin-1 nor siRNA/clathrin heavy chain inhibited podocyte viral accumulation. Thus it appears that clathrin-coated vesicles and caveosomes may not be contributing to HIV-1-associated membrane traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mikulak
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
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Flores-Mendoza L, Sotelo-Mundo RR, Dawson H, Mwangi W, Hernández J. Characterization of porcine CD205. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 34:715-721. [PMID: 20188754 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells express a type cell-surface receptor, CD205 that plays a role in antigen capture and delivery to the endocytic pathway. Besides DCs, high CD205 expression is also detected on thymic epithelial cells but B cells, macrophages, and T cells have limited or no expression. CD205 has been characterized in several animal species except swine. The aim of this work was to characterize porcine CD205 and mRNA expression on different cells and tissues involved in immune responses. A complete porcine CD205 sequence of 5175bp was obtained from porcine thymus cDNA by PCR gene-walking strategy and this gene encoded a protein of 1723 amino acids. The multi-domain structure reported for murine, human, and bovine CD205 was also conserved in porcine with an overall amino acid identity of 74, 81, and 85%, respectively. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the CD205 mRNA profiles in normal porcine tissues and cells showed that thymus and Langerhans cells expressed the highest levels. Further characterization of porcine CD205 will lead to better understanding of the role of this receptor and development of contemporary strategies for antigen targeting to DCs in swine.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Base Sequence
- Cloning, Molecular
- Langerhans Cells/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Swine/genetics
- Swine/immunology
- Thymus Gland/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Flores-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera a la Victorias Km. 0.6, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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48
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Targeting of DEC-205 on human dendritic cells results in efficient MHC class II-restricted antigen presentation. Blood 2010; 116:2277-85. [PMID: 20566893 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-02-268425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of dendritic cells (DCs) in therapeutic cancer vaccination requires their loading with tumor-specific antigen(s). DEC-205, a phagocytosis receptor mediating antigen uptake, is associated with CD8(+) T-cell responses in mice. Here we fused an anti-DEC-205scFv to an HLA-DP4-restricted epitope from the tumor antigen MAGE-A3, and examined the suitability and efficacy of DEC-205 to deliver a helper epitope to human monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). The construct specifically bound DEC-205 on human moDCs without negative impact on DC phenotype and function. We measured antigen presentation with specific autologous CD4(+) T cells, generated by TCR-RNA transfection. DEC-205 targeting resulted in significant major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted antigen presentation, and was superior to loading DCs by electroporation of mRNA encoding endosome-targeted MAGE-A3-DCLAMP or by direct peptide pulsing. Anti-DEC-205scFv-MAGE-A3 was presented 100 times more efficiently than the control constructs. DC maturation before or during incubation with anti-DEC-205scFv-MAGE-A3 reduced the interleukin-10/interleukin-2 ratio. Moreover, we successfully applied the DEC-205 targeting strategy to moDCs from malignant melanoma patients. Again, DEC-205-targeted mature DCs (mDCs) presented the antigen more efficiently than peptide-pulsed DCs and maintained their stimulatory capacity after cryoconservation. Thus, DEC-205 targeting represents a feasible and effective method to deliver helper epitopes to DCs in anticancer vaccine strategies, which may also be suitable for DC targeting in vivo.
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Steinbrink K, Mahnke K, Grabbe S, Enk AH, Jonuleit H. Myeloid dendritic cell: From sentinel of immunity to key player of peripheral tolerance? Hum Immunol 2009; 70:289-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 01/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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50
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Shrimpton RE, Butler M, Morel AS, Eren E, Hue SS, Ritter MA. CD205 (DEC-205): a recognition receptor for apoptotic and necrotic self. Mol Immunol 2009; 46:1229-39. [PMID: 19135256 PMCID: PMC2680960 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 11/19/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
CD205 is an endocytic receptor that is expressed at high levels by cortical thymic epithelial cells and by dendritic cell (DC) subsets, including the splenic CD8+ DC population that is responsible for cross-presentation of apoptotic cell-derived antigens. Antigen endocytosed via CD205 enters the MHC class I and MHC class II antigen presentation pathways and is subsequently presented to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Despite the known role of CD205 in antigen uptake, the nature of the ligands bound by CD205 has not been determined, and most studies have relied on the use of monoclonal antibodies as surrogate ligands. To go beyond this approach, we created a panel of CD205-IgG fusion proteins spanning the extracellular portion of CD205 and used these to identify the physiological distribution of CD205 ligands. Our data demonstrate that two areas of the CD205 molecule, within C-type lectin-like domains (CTLDs) 3+4 and 9+10, recognise ligands expressed during apoptosis and necrosis of multiple cell types, and are additionally expressed by live cells of the dendritic cell line DC2.4. Thus, CD205 acts as a recognition receptor for dying cells, potentially providing an important pathway for the uptake of self-antigen in intrathymic and peripheral tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Shrimpton
- Department of Immunology, Division of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom.
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