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Suzuki K, Hatzikotoulas K, Southam L, Taylor HJ, Yin X, Lorenz KM, Mandla R, Huerta-Chagoya A, Melloni GEM, Kanoni S, Rayner NW, Bocher O, Arruda AL, Sonehara K, Namba S, Lee SSK, Preuss MH, Petty LE, Schroeder P, Vanderwerff B, Kals M, Bragg F, Lin K, Guo X, Zhang W, Yao J, Kim YJ, Graff M, Takeuchi F, Nano J, Lamri A, Nakatochi M, Moon S, Scott RA, Cook JP, Lee JJ, Pan I, Taliun D, Parra EJ, Chai JF, Bielak LF, Tabara Y, Hai Y, Thorleifsson G, Grarup N, Sofer T, Wuttke M, Sarnowski C, Gieger C, Nousome D, Trompet S, Kwak SH, Long J, Sun M, Tong L, Chen WM, Nongmaithem SS, Noordam R, Lim VJY, Tam CHT, Joo YY, Chen CH, Raffield LM, Prins BP, Nicolas A, Yanek LR, Chen G, Brody JA, Kabagambe E, An P, Xiang AH, Choi HS, Cade BE, Tan J, Broadaway KA, Williamson A, Kamali Z, Cui J, Thangam M, Adair LS, Adeyemo A, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Ahluwalia TS, Anand SS, Bertoni A, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Buchanan TA, Burant CF, Butterworth AS, Canouil M, Chan JCN, Chang LC, Chee ML, Chen J, Chen SH, Chen YT, Chen Z, Chuang LM, Cushman M, Danesh J, Das SK, de Silva HJ, Dedoussis G, Dimitrov L, Doumatey AP, Du S, Duan Q, Eckardt KU, Emery LS, Evans DS, Evans MK, Fischer K, Floyd JS, Ford I, Franco OH, Frayling TM, Freedman BI, Genter P, Gerstein HC, Giedraitis V, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando ME, Gordon-Larsen P, Gross M, Guare LA, Hackinger S, Hakaste L, Han S, Hattersley AT, Herder C, Horikoshi M, Howard AG, Hsueh W, Huang M, Huang W, Hung YJ, Hwang MY, Hwu CM, Ichihara S, Ikram MA, Ingelsson M, Islam MT, Isono M, Jang HM, Jasmine F, Jiang G, Jonas JB, Jørgensen T, Kamanu FK, Kandeel FR, Kasturiratne A, Katsuya T, Kaur V, Kawaguchi T, Keaton JM, Kho AN, Khor CC, Kibriya MG, Kim DH, Kronenberg F, Kuusisto J, Läll K, Lange LA, Lee KM, Lee MS, Lee NR, Leong A, Li L, Li Y, Li-Gao R, Ligthart S, Lindgren CM, Linneberg A, Liu CT, Liu J, Locke AE, Louie T, Luan J, Luk AO, Luo X, Lv J, Lynch JA, Lyssenko V, Maeda S, Mamakou V, Mansuri SR, Matsuda K, Meitinger T, Melander O, Metspalu A, Mo H, Morris AD, Moura FA, Nadler JL, Nalls MA, Nayak U, Ntalla I, Okada Y, Orozco L, Patel SR, Patil S, Pei P, Pereira MA, Peters A, Pirie FJ, Polikowsky HG, Porneala B, Prasad G, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Reiner AP, Roden M, Rohde R, Roll K, Sabanayagam C, Sandow K, Sankareswaran A, Sattar N, Schönherr S, Shahriar M, Shen B, Shi J, Shin DM, Shojima N, Smith JA, So WY, Stančáková A, Steinthorsdottir V, Stilp AM, Strauch K, Taylor KD, Thorand B, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tomlinson B, Tran TC, Tsai FJ, Tuomilehto J, Tusie-Luna T, Udler MS, Valladares-Salgado A, van Dam RM, van Klinken JB, Varma R, Wacher-Rodarte N, Wheeler E, Wickremasinghe AR, van Dijk KW, Witte DR, Yajnik CS, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto K, Yoon K, Yu C, Yuan JM, Yusuf S, Zawistowski M, Zhang L, Zheng W, Raffel LJ, Igase M, Ipp E, Redline S, Cho YS, Lind L, Province MA, Fornage M, Hanis CL, Ingelsson E, Zonderman AB, Psaty BM, Wang YX, Rotimi CN, Becker DM, Matsuda F, Liu Y, Yokota M, Kardia SLR, Peyser PA, Pankow JS, Engert JC, Bonnefond A, Froguel P, Wilson JG, Sheu WHH, Wu JY, Hayes MG, Ma RCW, Wong TY, Mook-Kanamori DO, Tuomi T, Chandak GR, Collins FS, Bharadwaj D, Paré G, Sale MM, Ahsan H, Motala AA, Shu XO, Park KS, Jukema JW, Cruz M, Chen YDI, Rich SS, McKean-Cowdin R, Grallert H, Cheng CY, Ghanbari M, Tai ES, Dupuis J, Kato N, Laakso M, Köttgen A, Koh WP, Bowden DW, Palmer CNA, Kooner JS, Kooperberg C, Liu S, North KE, Saleheen D, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Wareham NJ, Lee J, Kim BJ, Millwood IY, Walters RG, Stefansson K, Ahlqvist E, Goodarzi MO, Mohlke KL, Langenberg C, Haiman CA, Loos RJF, Florez JC, Rader DJ, Ritchie MD, Zöllner S, Mägi R, Marston NA, Ruff CT, van Heel DA, Finer S, Denny JC, Yamauchi T, Kadowaki T, Chambers JC, Ng MCY, Sim X, Below JE, Tsao PS, Chang KM, McCarthy MI, Meigs JB, Mahajan A, Spracklen CN, Mercader JM, Boehnke M, Rotter JI, Vujkovic M, Voight BF, Morris AP, Zeggini E. Genetic drivers of heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology. Nature 2024; 627:347-357. [PMID: 38374256 PMCID: PMC10937372 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease that develops through diverse pathophysiological processes1,2 and molecular mechanisms that are often specific to cell type3,4. Here, to characterize the genetic contribution to these processes across ancestry groups, we aggregate genome-wide association study data from 2,535,601 individuals (39.7% not of European ancestry), including 428,452 cases of T2D. We identify 1,289 independent association signals at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8) that map to 611 loci, of which 145 loci are, to our knowledge, previously unreported. We define eight non-overlapping clusters of T2D signals that are characterized by distinct profiles of cardiometabolic trait associations. These clusters are differentially enriched for cell-type-specific regions of open chromatin, including pancreatic islets, adipocytes, endothelial cells and enteroendocrine cells. We build cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores5 in a further 279,552 individuals of diverse ancestry, including 30,288 cases of T2D, and test their association with T2D-related vascular outcomes. Cluster-specific partitioned polygenic scores are associated with coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease and end-stage diabetic nephropathy across ancestry groups, highlighting the importance of obesity-related processes in the development of vascular outcomes. Our findings show the value of integrating multi-ancestry genome-wide association study data with single-cell epigenomics to disentangle the aetiological heterogeneity that drives the development and progression of T2D. This might offer a route to optimize global access to genetically informed diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Suzuki
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Henry J Taylor
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xianyong Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kim M Lorenz
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ravi Mandla
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giorgio E M Melloni
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Nigel W Rayner
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ozvan Bocher
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ana Luiza Arruda
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Graduate School of Experimental Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich School for Data Science, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kyuto Sonehara
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Simon S K Lee
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael H Preuss
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren E Petty
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Philip Schroeder
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett Vanderwerff
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mart Kals
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Fiona Bragg
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kuang Lin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London NorthWest Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jana Nano
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Amel Lamri
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jung-Jin Lee
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ian Pan
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Daniel Taliun
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Esteban J Parra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yang Hai
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chloé Sarnowski
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darryl Nousome
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Soo-Heon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Meng Sun
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lin Tong
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Suraj S Nongmaithem
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Victor J Y Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claudia H T Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yoonjung Yoonie Joo
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bram Peter Prins
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Aude Nicolas
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Edmond Kabagambe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Academics, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Division of Biostatistics Research, Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Hyeok Sun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyi Tan
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - K Alaine Broadaway
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alice Williamson
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zoha Kamali
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Bioinformatics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jinrui Cui
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Manonanthini Thangam
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas and Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sonia S Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles F Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus, University of Cambridge, Hinxton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Behaviour, Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ji Chen
- Exeter Centre of Excellence in Diabetes (ExCEeD), Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Shyh-Huei Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuan-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus, University of Cambridge, Hinxton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Behaviour, Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Swapan K Das
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Latchezar Dimitrov
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leslie S Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - James S Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Pauline Genter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Hertzel C Gerstein
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Clicerio González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Elena González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lindsay A Guare
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sophie Hackinger
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Liisa Hakaste
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | | | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Annie-Green Howard
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Willa Hsueh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mengna Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Mohammad Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Masato Isono
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hye-Mi Jang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Frederick K Kamanu
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fouad R Kandeel
- Department of Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Varinderpal Kaur
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jacob M Keaton
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Abel N Kho
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Health Information Partnerships, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muhammad G Kibriya
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Soochunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science and Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soochunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Aaron Leong
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adam E Locke
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea O Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Julie A Lynch
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shiro Maeda
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Vasiliki Mamakou
- Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sohail Rafik Mansuri
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Olle Melander
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Huan Mo
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew D Morris
- Usher Institute to the Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Filipe A Moura
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Uma Nayak
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sanjay R Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Snehal Patil
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pei Pei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Mark A Pereira
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Fraser J Pirie
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Hannah G Polikowsky
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bianca Porneala
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gauri Prasad
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Campus, Ghaziabad, India
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katheryn Roll
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Sandow
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Alagu Sankareswaran
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Naveed Sattar
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Botong Shen
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Mun Shin
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Nobuhiro Shojima
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wing Yee So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Adrienne M Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Tam C Tran
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Genetics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- National School of Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusie-Luna
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxiología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miriam S Udler
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adan Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan B van Klinken
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Disease, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rohit Varma
- Southern California Eye Institute, CHA Hollywood Presbyterian Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Niels Wacher-Rodarte
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Chittaranjan S Yajnik
- Diabetology Research Centre, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamamoto
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kyungheon Yoon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, UCI Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Touon, Japan
| | - Eli Ipp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Craig L Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James C Engert
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James G Wilson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
- Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Francis S Collins
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michèle M Sale
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ayesha A Motala
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kyong-Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Josee Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London NorthWest Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brown University Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Juyoung Lee
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robin G Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Precision Medicine, University of Pennsylvania - Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nicholas A Marston
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian T Ruff
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Sarah Finer
- Institute for Population Health Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Joshua C Denny
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London NorthWest Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer E Below
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kyong-Mi Chang
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Josep M Mercader
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marijana Vujkovic
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin F Voight
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
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de Las Fuentes L, Schwander KL, Brown MR, Bentley AR, Winkler TW, Sung YJ, Munroe PB, Miller CL, Aschard H, Aslibekyan S, Bartz TM, Bielak LF, Chai JF, Cheng CY, Dorajoo R, Feitosa MF, Guo X, Hartwig FP, Horimoto A, Kolčić I, Lim E, Liu Y, Manning AK, Marten J, Musani SK, Noordam R, Padmanabhan S, Rankinen T, Richard MA, Ridker PM, Smith AV, Vojinovic D, Zonderman AB, Alver M, Boissel M, Christensen K, Freedman BI, Gao C, Giulianini F, Harris SE, He M, Hsu FC, Kühnel B, Laguzzi F, Li X, Lyytikäinen LP, Nolte IM, Poveda A, Rauramaa R, Riaz M, Robino A, Sofer T, Takeuchi F, Tayo BO, van der Most PJ, Verweij N, Ware EB, Weiss S, Wen W, Yanek LR, Zhan Y, Amin N, Arking DE, Ballantyne C, Boerwinkle E, Brody JA, Broeckel U, Campbell A, Canouil M, Chai X, Chen YDI, Chen X, Chitrala KN, Concas MP, de Faire U, de Mutsert R, de Silva HJ, de Vries PS, Do A, Faul JD, Fisher V, Floyd JS, Forrester T, Friedlander Y, Girotto G, Gu CC, Hallmans G, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Homuth G, Hunt S, Ikram MA, Jacobs DR, Kavousi M, Khor CC, Kilpeläinen TO, Koh WP, Komulainen P, Langefeld CD, Liang J, Liu K, Liu J, Lohman K, Mägi R, Manichaikul AW, McKenzie CA, Meitinger T, Milaneschi Y, Nauck M, Nelson CP, O'Connell JR, Palmer ND, Pereira AC, Perls T, Peters A, Polašek O, Raitakari OT, Rice K, Rice TK, Rich SS, Sabanayagam C, Schreiner PJ, Shu XO, Sidney S, Sims M, Smith JA, Starr JM, Strauch K, Tai ES, Taylor KD, Tsai MY, Uitterlinden AG, van Heemst D, Waldenberger M, Wang YX, Wei WB, Wilson G, Xuan D, Yao J, Yu C, Yuan JM, Zhao W, Becker DM, Bonnefond A, Bowden DW, Cooper RS, Deary IJ, Divers J, Esko T, Franks PW, Froguel P, Gieger C, Jonas JB, Kato N, Lakka TA, Leander K, Lehtimäki T, Magnusson PKE, North KE, Ntalla I, Penninx B, Samani NJ, Snieder H, Spedicati B, van der Harst P, Völzke H, Wagenknecht LE, Weir DR, Wojczynski MK, Wu T, Zheng W, Zhu X, Bouchard C, Chasman DI, Evans MK, Fox ER, Gudnason V, Hayward C, Horta BL, Kardia SLR, Krieger JE, Mook-Kanamori DO, Peyser PA, Province MM, Psaty BM, Rudan I, Sim X, Smith BH, van Dam RM, van Duijn CM, Wong TY, Arnett DK, Rao DC, Gauderman J, Liu CT, Morrison AC, Rotter JI, Fornage M. Gene-educational attainment interactions in a multi-population genome-wide meta-analysis identify novel lipid loci. Front Genet 2023; 14:1235337. [PMID: 38028628 PMCID: PMC10651736 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1235337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Educational attainment, widely used in epidemiologic studies as a surrogate for socioeconomic status, is a predictor of cardiovascular health outcomes. Methods: A two-stage genome-wide meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels was performed while accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions in up to 226,315 individuals from five population groups. We considered two educational attainment variables: "Some College" (yes/no, for any education beyond high school) and "Graduated College" (yes/no, for completing a 4-year college degree). Genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10-8) and suggestive (p < 1 × 10-6) variants were identified in Stage 1 (in up to 108,784 individuals) through genome-wide analysis, and those variants were followed up in Stage 2 studies (in up to 117,531 individuals). Results: In combined analysis of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 18 novel lipid loci (nine for LDL, seven for HDL, and two for TG) by two degree-of-freedom (2 DF) joint tests of main and interaction effects. Four loci showed significant interaction with educational attainment. Two loci were significant only in cross-population analyses. Several loci include genes with known or suggested roles in adipose (FOXP1, MBOAT4, SKP2, STIM1, STX4), brain (BRI3, FILIP1, FOXP1, LINC00290, LMTK2, MBOAT4, MYO6, SENP6, SRGAP3, STIM1, TMEM167A, TMEM30A), and liver (BRI3, FOXP1) biology, highlighting the potential importance of brain-adipose-liver communication in the regulation of lipid metabolism. An investigation of the potential druggability of genes in identified loci resulted in five gene targets shown to interact with drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration, including genes with roles in adipose and brain tissue. Discussion: Genome-wide interaction analysis of educational attainment identified novel lipid loci not previously detected by analyses limited to main genetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Karen L Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clint L Miller
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Hugo Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Département de Génomes et Génétique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- School of Public Health, Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Medical School, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Elise Lim
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, Insititute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaoyin Li
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, United States
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Alaitz Poveda
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Biostatistics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Erin B Ware
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- Department of Genetic Medicine, McKusick-Nathans Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Christie Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Houston Methodist Debakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section on Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Xiaoran Chai
- Data Science Unit, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ahn Do
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Virginia Fisher
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - James S Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Section for Nutritional Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald and University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Steven Hunt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Kiang Liu
- Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Insititute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Nauck
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thomas Perls
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ozren Polašek
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Medical School, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Bin Wei
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study Graduate Training Center, School of Public, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Deng Xuan
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Caizheng Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Diane M Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Insititute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Paul W Franks
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Philippe Froguel
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Karin Leander
- Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Celgene, Bristol Myers Squibb, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | | | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Harold Snieder
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Beatrice Spedicati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Henry Völzke
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jose Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michael M Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health, The Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Medical School, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, Dean's Office, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - James Gauderman
- Division of Biostatistics, Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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3
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Kavousi M, Bos MM, Barnes HJ, Lino Cardenas CL, Wong D, Lu H, Hodonsky CJ, Landsmeer LPL, Turner AW, Kho M, Hasbani NR, de Vries PS, Bowden DW, Chopade S, Deelen J, Benavente ED, Guo X, Hofer E, Hwang SJ, Lutz SM, Lyytikäinen LP, Slenders L, Smith AV, Stanislawski MA, van Setten J, Wong Q, Yanek LR, Becker DM, Beekman M, Budoff MJ, Feitosa MF, Finan C, Hilliard AT, Kardia SLR, Kovacic JC, Kral BG, Langefeld CD, Launer LJ, Malik S, Hoesein FAAM, Mokry M, Schmidt R, Smith JA, Taylor KD, Terry JG, van der Grond J, van Meurs J, Vliegenthart R, Xu J, Young KA, Zilhão NR, Zweiker R, Assimes TL, Becker LC, Bos D, Carr JJ, Cupples LA, de Kleijn DPV, de Winther M, den Ruijter HM, Fornage M, Freedman BI, Gudnason V, Hingorani AD, Hokanson JE, Ikram MA, Išgum I, Jacobs DR, Kähönen M, Lange LA, Lehtimäki T, Pasterkamp G, Raitakari OT, Schmidt H, Slagboom PE, Uitterlinden AG, Vernooij MW, Bis JC, Franceschini N, Psaty BM, Post WS, Rotter JI, Björkegren JLM, O'Donnell CJ, Bielak LF, Peyser PA, Malhotra R, van der Laan SW, Miller CL. Multi-ancestry genome-wide study identifies effector genes and druggable pathways for coronary artery calcification. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1651-1664. [PMID: 37770635 PMCID: PMC10601987 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery calcification (CAC), a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis, predicts future symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). Identifying genetic risk factors for CAC may point to new therapeutic avenues for prevention. Currently, there are only four known risk loci for CAC identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the general population. Here we conducted the largest multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis of CAC to date, which comprised 26,909 individuals of European ancestry and 8,867 individuals of African ancestry. We identified 11 independent risk loci, of which eight were new for CAC and five had not been reported for CAD. These new CAC loci are related to bone mineralization, phosphate catabolism and hormone metabolic pathways. Several new loci harbor candidate causal genes supported by multiple lines of functional evidence and are regulators of smooth muscle cell-mediated calcification ex vivo and in vitro. Together, these findings help refine the genetic architecture of CAC and extend our understanding of the biological and potential druggable pathways underlying CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maxime M Bos
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna J Barnes
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian L Lino Cardenas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Doris Wong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Haojie Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chani J Hodonsky
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lennart P L Landsmeer
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Adam W Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Minjung Kho
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Graduate School of Data Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Natalie R Hasbani
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sandesh Chopade
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- University College London British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
| | - Joris Deelen
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Aging, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ernest Diez Benavente
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Sharon M Lutz
- Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lotte Slenders
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Maggie A Stanislawski
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Quenna Wong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marian Beekman
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chris Finan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- University College London British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Brian G Kral
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences and Data Science, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shaista Malik
- Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Michal Mokry
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - James G Terry
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeroen van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce van Meurs
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rozemarijn Vliegenthart
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianzhao Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kendra A Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Robert Zweiker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Bos
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dominique P V de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Menno de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences: Atherosclerosis and Ischemic syndromes, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity: Inflammatory diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
- University College London British Heart Foundation Research Accelerator Centre, London, UK
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivana Išgum
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wendy S Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Johan L M Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, Division Laboratories, Pharmacy, and Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Clint L Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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4
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Zhang X, Brody JA, Graff M, Highland HM, Chami N, Xu H, Wang Z, Ferrier K, Chittoor G, Josyula NS, Li X, Li Z, Allison MA, Becker DM, Bielak LF, Bis JC, Boorgula MP, Bowden DW, Broome JG, Buth EJ, Carlson CS, Chang KM, Chavan S, Chiu YF, Chuang LM, Conomos MP, DeMeo DL, Du M, Duggirala R, Eng C, Fohner AE, Freedman BI, Garrett ME, Guo X, Haiman C, Heavner BD, Hidalgo B, Hixson JE, Ho YL, Hobbs BD, Hu D, Hui Q, Hwu CM, Jackson RD, Jain D, Kalyani RR, Kardia SL, Kelly TN, Lange EM, LeNoir M, Li C, Marchand LL, McDonald MLN, McHugh CP, Morrison AC, Naseri T, O’Connell J, O’Donnell CJ, Palmer ND, Pankow JS, Perry JA, Peters U, Preuss MH, Rao D, Regan EA, Reupena SM, Roden DM, Rodriguez-Santana J, Sitlani CM, Smith JA, Tiwari HK, Vasan RS, Wang Z, Weeks DE, Wessel J, Wiggins KL, Wilkens LR, Wilson PW, Yanek LR, Yoneda ZT, Zhao W, Zöllner S, Arnett DK, Ashley-Koch AE, Barnes KC, Blangero J, Boerwinkle E, Burchard EG, Carson AP, Chasman DI, Chen YDI, Curran JE, Fornage M, Gordeuk VR, He J, Heckbert SR, Hou L, Irvin MR, Kooperberg C, Minster RL, Mitchell BD, Nouraie M, Psaty BM, Raffield LM, Reiner AP, Rich SS, Rotter JI, Shoemaker MB, Smith NL, Taylor KD, Telen MJ, Weiss ST, Zhang Y, Heard-Costa N, Sun YV, Lin X, Adrienne Cupples L, Lange LA, Liu CT, Loos RJ, North KE, Justice AE. WHOLE GENOME SEQUENCING ANALYSIS OF BODY MASS INDEX IDENTIFIES NOVEL AFRICAN ANCESTRY-SPECIFIC RISK ALLELE. medRxiv 2023:2023.08.21.23293271. [PMID: 37662265 PMCID: PMC10473809 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.21.23293271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health crisis associated with high mortality rates. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) investigating body mass index (BMI) have largely relied on imputed data from European individuals. This study leveraged whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from 88,873 participants from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Program, of which 51% were of non-European population groups. We discovered 18 BMI-associated signals (P < 5 × 10-9). Notably, we identified and replicated a novel low frequency single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in MTMR3 that was common in individuals of African descent. Using a diverse study population, we further identified two novel secondary signals in known BMI loci and pinpointed two likely causal variants in the POC5 and DMD loci. Our work demonstrates the benefits of combining WGS and diverse cohorts in expanding current catalog of variants and genes confer risk for obesity, bringing us one step closer to personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinruo Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Heather M. Highland
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nathalie Chami
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanfei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kendra Ferrier
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Xihao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zilin Li
- Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, The University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Diane M. Becker
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Donald W. Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jai G. Broome
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erin J. Buth
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher S. Carlson
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kyong-Mi Chang
- The Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sameer Chavan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism/Endocrinology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Matthew P. Conomos
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dawn L. DeMeo
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret Du
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ravindranath Duggirala
- Life Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Texas A&M University-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Celeste Eng
- Department of Medicine, Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alison E. Fohner
- Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barry I. Freedman
- Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Melanie E. Garrett
- Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Genomic Outcomes, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Chris Haiman
- Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Heavner
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bertha Hidalgo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James E. Hixson
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuk-Lam Ho
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian D. Hobbs
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donglei Hu
- Department of Medicine, Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Qin Hui
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | | | - Deepti Jain
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rita R. Kalyani
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sharon L.R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tanika N. Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ethan M. Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael LeNoir
- Department of Pediatrics, Bay Area Pediatrics, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Changwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Loic Le. Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Merry-Lynn N. McDonald
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Caitlin P. McHugh
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Take Naseri
- Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa
| | | | - Jeffrey O’Connell
- Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher J. O’Donnell
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholette D. Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James A. Perry
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael H. Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - D.C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Regan
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Dan M. Roden
- Medicine, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Informatics, Clinical Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hemant K. Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Zeyuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel E. Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Wessel
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Diabaetes Translational Research Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kerri L. Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lynne R. Wilkens
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Peter W.F. Wilson
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zachary T. Yoneda
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Biostatistics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Allison E. Ashley-Koch
- Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen C. Barnes
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Esteban G. Burchard
- Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences and Medicine, Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - April P. Carson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MI, USA
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Genomic Outcomes, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Joanne E. Curran
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Victor R. Gordeuk
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Susan R. Heckbert
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marguerite R. Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ryan L. Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laura M. Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Stephen S. Rich
- Public Health Science, Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, Genomic Outcomes, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - M. Benjamin Shoemaker
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, Genomic Outcomes, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marilyn J. Telen
- Department of Medicine, Hematology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Scott T. Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nancy Heard-Costa
- Framingham Heart Study, School of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan V. Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruth J.F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Suzuki K, Hatzikotoulas K, Southam L, Taylor HJ, Yin X, Lorenz KM, Mandla R, Huerta-Chagoya A, Rayner NW, Bocher O, Arruda ALDSV, Sonehara K, Namba S, Lee SSK, Preuss MH, Petty LE, Schroeder P, Vanderwerff B, Kals M, Bragg F, Lin K, Guo X, Zhang W, Yao J, Kim YJ, Graff M, Takeuchi F, Nano J, Lamri A, Nakatochi M, Moon S, Scott RA, Cook JP, Lee JJ, Pan I, Taliun D, Parra EJ, Chai JF, Bielak LF, Tabara Y, Hai Y, Thorleifsson G, Grarup N, Sofer T, Wuttke M, Sarnowski C, Gieger C, Nousome D, Trompet S, Kwak SH, Long J, Sun M, Tong L, Chen WM, Nongmaithem SS, Noordam R, Lim VJY, Tam CHT, Joo YY, Chen CH, Raffield LM, Prins BP, Nicolas A, Yanek LR, Chen G, Brody JA, Kabagambe E, An P, Xiang AH, Choi HS, Cade BE, Tan J, Broadaway KA, Williamson A, Kamali Z, Cui J, Adair LS, Adeyemo A, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Ahluwalia TS, Anand SS, Bertoni A, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Buchanan TA, Burant CF, Butterworth AS, Canouil M, Chan JCN, Chang LC, Chee ML, Chen J, Chen SH, Chen YT, Chen Z, Chuang LM, Cushman M, Danesh J, Das SK, de Silva HJ, Dedoussis G, Dimitrov L, Doumatey AP, Du S, Duan Q, Eckardt KU, Emery LS, Evans DS, Evans MK, Fischer K, Floyd JS, Ford I, Franco OH, Frayling TM, Freedman BI, Genter P, Gerstein HC, Giedraitis V, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando ME, Gordon-Larsen P, Gross M, Guare LA, Hackinger S, Han S, Hattersley AT, Herder C, Horikoshi M, Howard AG, Hsueh W, Huang M, Huang W, Hung YJ, Hwang MY, Hwu CM, Ichihara S, Ikram MA, Ingelsson M, Islam MT, Isono M, Jang HM, Jasmine F, Jiang G, Jonas JB, Jørgensen T, Kandeel FR, Kasturiratne A, Katsuya T, Kaur V, Kawaguchi T, Keaton JM, Kho AN, Khor CC, Kibriya MG, Kim DH, Kronenberg F, Kuusisto J, Läll K, Lange LA, Lee KM, Lee MS, Lee NR, Leong A, Li L, Li Y, Li-Gao R, Lithgart S, Lindgren CM, Linneberg A, Liu CT, Liu J, Locke AE, Louie T, Luan J, Luk AO, Luo X, Lv J, Lynch JA, Lyssenko V, Maeda S, Mamakou V, Mansuri SR, Matsuda K, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Mo H, Morris AD, Nadler JL, Nalls MA, Nayak U, Ntalla I, Okada Y, Orozco L, Patel SR, Patil S, Pei P, Pereira MA, Peters A, Pirie FJ, Polikowsky HG, Porneala B, Prasad G, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Reiner AP, Roden M, Rohde R, Roll K, Sabanayagam C, Sandow K, Sankareswaran A, Sattar N, Schönherr S, Shahriar M, Shen B, Shi J, Shin DM, Shojima N, Smith JA, So WY, Stančáková A, Steinthorsdottir V, Stilp AM, Strauch K, Taylor KD, Thorand B, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tomlinson B, Tran TC, Tsai FJ, Tuomilehto J, Tusie-Luna T, Udler MS, Valladares-Salgado A, van Dam RM, van Klinken JB, Varma R, Wacher-Rodarte N, Wheeler E, Wickremasinghe AR, van Dijk KW, Witte DR, Yajnik CS, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto K, Yoon K, Yu C, Yuan JM, Yusuf S, Zawistowski M, Zhang L, Zheng W, Raffel LJ, Igase M, Ipp E, Redline S, Cho YS, Lind L, Province MA, Fornage M, Hanis CL, Ingelsson E, Zonderman AB, Psaty BM, Wang YX, Rotimi CN, Becker DM, Matsuda F, Liu Y, Yokota M, Kardia SLR, Peyser PA, Pankow JS, Engert JC, Bonnefond A, Froguel P, Wilson JG, Sheu WHH, Wu JY, Hayes MG, Ma RCW, Wong TY, Mook-Kanamori DO, Tuomi T, Chandak GR, Collins FS, Bharadwaj D, Paré G, Sale MM, Ahsan H, Motala AA, Shu XO, Park KS, Jukema JW, Cruz M, Chen YDI, Rich SS, McKean-Cowdin R, Grallert H, Cheng CY, Ghanbari M, Tai ES, Dupuis J, Kato N, Laakso M, Köttgen A, Koh WP, Bowden DW, Palmer CNA, Kooner JS, Kooperberg C, Liu S, North KE, Saleheen D, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Wareham NJ, Lee J, Kim BJ, Millwood IY, Walters RG, Stefansson K, Goodarzi MO, Mohlke KL, Langenberg C, Haiman CA, Loos RJF, Florez JC, Rader DJ, Ritchie MD, Zöllner S, Mägi R, Denny JC, Yamauchi T, Kadowaki T, Chambers JC, Ng MCY, Sim X, Below JE, Tsao PS, Chang KM, McCarthy MI, Meigs JB, Mahajan A, Spracklen CN, Mercader JM, Boehnke M, Rotter JI, Vujkovic M, Voight BF, Morris AP, Zeggini E. Multi-ancestry genome-wide study in >2.5 million individuals reveals heterogeneity in mechanistic pathways of type 2 diabetes and complications. medRxiv 2023:2023.03.31.23287839. [PMID: 37034649 PMCID: PMC10081410 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.31.23287839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease that develops through diverse pathophysiological processes. To characterise the genetic contribution to these processes across ancestry groups, we aggregate genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from 2,535,601 individuals (39.7% non-European ancestry), including 428,452 T2D cases. We identify 1,289 independent association signals at genome-wide significance (P<5×10-8) that map to 611 loci, of which 145 loci are previously unreported. We define eight non-overlapping clusters of T2D signals characterised by distinct profiles of cardiometabolic trait associations. These clusters are differentially enriched for cell-type specific regions of open chromatin, including pancreatic islets, adipocytes, endothelial, and enteroendocrine cells. We build cluster-specific partitioned genetic risk scores (GRS) in an additional 137,559 individuals of diverse ancestry, including 10,159 T2D cases, and test their association with T2D-related vascular outcomes. Cluster-specific partitioned GRS are more strongly associated with coronary artery disease and end-stage diabetic nephropathy than an overall T2D GRS across ancestry groups, highlighting the importance of obesity-related processes in the development of vascular outcomes. Our findings demonstrate the value of integrating multi-ancestry GWAS with single-cell epigenomics to disentangle the aetiological heterogeneity driving the development and progression of T2D, which may offer a route to optimise global access to genetically-informed diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Suzuki
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Henry J. Taylor
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xianyong Yin
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing City, China
| | - Kim M. Lorenz
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ravi Mandla
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nigel W. Rayner
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ozvan Bocher
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ana Luiza de S. V. Arruda
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kyuto Sonehara
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Simon S. K. Lee
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael H. Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren E. Petty
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Philip Schroeder
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brett Vanderwerff
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mart Kals
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Fiona Bragg
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kuang Lin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hosptial, London NorthWest Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jana Nano
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Amel Lamri
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Robert A. Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - James P. Cook
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jung-Jin Lee
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ian Pan
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Daniel Taliun
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Esteban J. Parra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississsauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yang Hai
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chloé Sarnowski
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darryl Nousome
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Soo-Heon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Meng Sun
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lin Tong
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Suraj S. Nongmaithem
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Victor J. Y. Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claudia H. T. Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yoonjung Yoonie Joo
- Institute of Data Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Laura M. Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bram Peter Prins
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Aude Nicolas
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Edmond Kabagambe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Academics, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anny H. Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Division of Biostatistics Research, Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Hyeok Sun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Brian E. Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyi Tan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - K. Alaine Broadaway
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alice Williamson
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zoha Kamali
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Bioinformatics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jinrui Cui
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linda S. Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas and Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Center, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sonia S. Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Thomas A. Buchanan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles F. Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Adam S. Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Hinxton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Behaviour, Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Juliana C. N. Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ji Chen
- Exeter Centre of Excellence in Diabetes (ExCEeD), Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Shyh-Huei Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuan-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Hinxton, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Blood and Transplant Unit (BTRU) in Donor Health and Behaviour, Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Swapan K. Das
- Section on Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - H. Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Latchezar Dimitrov
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ayo P. Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leslie S. Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel S. Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - James S. Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy M. Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Barry I. Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Pauline Genter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Hertzel C. Gerstein
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Clicerio González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Elena González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lindsay A. Guare
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sophie Hackinger
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | | | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Dusseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Annie-Green Howard
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Willa Hsueh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mengna Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies (SIBPT), Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Mohammad Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Masato Isono
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hye-Mi Jang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jost B. Jonas
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Fouad R. Kandeel
- Department of Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Varinderpal Kaur
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jacob M. Keaton
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Abel N. Kho
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Health Information Partnerships, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muhammad G. Kibriya
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nanette R. Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Aaron Leong
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Symen Lithgart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M. Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre For Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adam E. Locke
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Present address: Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jian’an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea O. Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Julie A. Lynch
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shiro Maeda
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Vasiliki Mamakou
- Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sohail Rafik Mansuri
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Huan Mo
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew D. Morris
- The Usher Institute to the Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jerry L. Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Michael A. Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International LLC, Glen Echo, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Uma Nayak
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sanjay R. Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Snehal Patil
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pei Pei
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Mark A Pereira
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Fraser J. Pirie
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Hannah G. Polikowsky
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bianca Porneala
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gauri Prasad
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Campus, Ghaziabad, India
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Dusseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katheryn Roll
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Sandow
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Alagu Sankareswaran
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Botong Shen
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies (SIBPT), Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Mun Shin
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Nobuhiro Shojima
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wing Yee So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Adrienne M. Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Tam C. Tran
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Genetics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- National School of Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusie-Luna
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxiología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miriam S. Udler
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adan Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rob M. van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan B. van Klinken
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Disease, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rohit Varma
- Southern California Eye Institute, CHA Hollywood Presbyterian Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Niels Wacher-Rodarte
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel R. Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Chittaranjan S. Yajnik
- Diabetology Research Centre, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamamoto
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kyungheon Yoon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, UCI Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Eli Ipp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael A. Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Craig L. Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, US
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Charles N. Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane M. Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James S. Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James C. Engert
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James G. Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Wayne H. H. Sheu
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M. Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ronald C. W. Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Department of Endocrinology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Giriraj R. Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Francis S. Collins
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Michèle M. Sale
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Deceased
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ayesha A. Motala
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kyong-Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Josee Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Donald W. Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Colin N. A. Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hosptial, London NorthWest Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brown University Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- The Usher Institute to the Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Juyoung Lee
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Iona Y. Millwood
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robin G. Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Mark O. Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jose C. Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel J. Rader
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marylyn D. Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Precision Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Joshua C. Denny
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hosptial, London NorthWest Healthcare NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maggie C. Y. Ng
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer E. Below
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Philip S. Tsao
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kyong-Mi Chang
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hosptial, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Present address: Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - James B. Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Present address: Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra N. Spracklen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Josep M. Mercader
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marijana Vujkovic
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin F. Voight
- Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
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6
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Chen F, Wang X, Jang SK, Quach BC, Weissenkampen JD, Khunsriraksakul C, Yang L, Sauteraud R, Albert CM, Allred NDD, Arnett DK, Ashley-Koch AE, Barnes KC, Barr RG, Becker DM, Bielak LF, Bis JC, Blangero J, Boorgula MP, Chasman DI, Chavan S, Chen YDI, Chuang LM, Correa A, Curran JE, David SP, Fuentes LDL, Deka R, Duggirala R, Faul JD, Garrett ME, Gharib SA, Guo X, Hall ME, Hawley NL, He J, Hobbs BD, Hokanson JE, Hsiung CA, Hwang SJ, Hyde TM, Irvin MR, Jaffe AE, Johnson EO, Kaplan R, Kardia SLR, Kaufman JD, Kelly TN, Kleinman JE, Kooperberg C, Lee IT, Levy D, Lutz SM, Manichaikul AW, Martin LW, Marx O, McGarvey ST, Minster RL, Moll M, Moussa KA, Naseri T, North KE, Oelsner EC, Peralta JM, Peyser PA, Psaty BM, Rafaels N, Raffield LM, Reupena MS, Rich SS, Rotter JI, Schwartz DA, Shadyab AH, Sheu WHH, Sims M, Smith JA, Sun X, Taylor KD, Telen MJ, Watson H, Weeks DE, Weir DR, Yanek LR, Young KA, Young KL, Zhao W, Hancock DB, Jiang B, Vrieze S, Liu DJ. Multi-ancestry transcriptome-wide association analyses yield insights into tobacco use biology and drug repurposing. Nat Genet 2023; 55:291-300. [PMID: 36702996 PMCID: PMC9925385 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Most transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs) so far focus on European ancestry and lack diversity. To overcome this limitation, we aggregated genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics, whole-genome sequences and expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data from diverse ancestries. We developed a new approach, TESLA (multi-ancestry integrative study using an optimal linear combination of association statistics), to integrate an eQTL dataset with a multi-ancestry GWAS. By exploiting shared phenotypic effects between ancestries and accommodating potential effect heterogeneities, TESLA improves power over other TWAS methods. When applied to tobacco use phenotypes, TESLA identified 273 new genes, up to 55% more compared with alternative TWAS methods. These hits and subsequent fine mapping using TESLA point to target genes with biological relevance. In silico drug-repurposing analyses highlight several drugs with known efficacy, including dextromethorphan and galantamine, and new drugs such as muscle relaxants that may be repurposed for treating nicotine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Xingyan Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Seon-Kyeong Jang
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - J Dylan Weissenkampen
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | - Lina Yang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Renan Sauteraud
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Christine M Albert
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Allison E Ashley-Koch
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Meher Preethi Boorgula
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sameer Chavan
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Joanne E Curran
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Sean P David
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biostatistics and Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ranjan Deka
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ravindranath Duggirala
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Melanie E Garrett
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Computational Medicine Core at Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Michael E Hall
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Nicola L Hawley
- Department of Epidemiology (Chronic Disease), School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Brian D Hobbs
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Thomas M Hyde
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Andrew E Jaffe
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Mental Health and Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington Seattle, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Joel E Kleinman
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - I-Te Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sharon M Lutz
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lisa W Martin
- Division of Cardiology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Olivia Marx
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Stephen T McGarvey
- Department of Epidemiology, International Health Institute, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ryan L Minster
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Moll
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karine A Moussa
- Penn State Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Take Naseri
- Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Oelsner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan M Peralta
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Mario Sims
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marilyn J Telen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Harold Watson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Barbados
| | - Daniel E Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David R Weir
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kendra A Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Bibo Jiang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Scott Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Dajiang J Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Saunders GRB, Wang X, Chen F, Jang SK, Liu M, Wang C, Gao S, Jiang Y, Khunsriraksakul C, Otto JM, Addison C, Akiyama M, Albert CM, Aliev F, Alonso A, Arnett DK, Ashley-Koch AE, Ashrani AA, Barnes KC, Barr RG, Bartz TM, Becker DM, Bielak LF, Benjamin EJ, Bis JC, Bjornsdottir G, Blangero J, Bleecker ER, Boardman JD, Boerwinkle E, Boomsma DI, Boorgula MP, Bowden DW, Brody JA, Cade BE, Chasman DI, Chavan S, Chen YDI, Chen Z, Cheng I, Cho MH, Choquet H, Cole JW, Cornelis MC, Cucca F, Curran JE, de Andrade M, Dick DM, Docherty AR, Duggirala R, Eaton CB, Ehringer MA, Esko T, Faul JD, Fernandes Silva L, Fiorillo E, Fornage M, Freedman BI, Gabrielsen ME, Garrett ME, Gharib SA, Gieger C, Gillespie N, Glahn DC, Gordon SD, Gu CC, Gu D, Gudbjartsson DF, Guo X, Haessler J, Hall ME, Haller T, Harris KM, He J, Herd P, Hewitt JK, Hickie I, Hidalgo B, Hokanson JE, Hopfer C, Hottenga J, Hou L, Huang H, Hung YJ, Hunter DJ, Hveem K, Hwang SJ, Hwu CM, Iacono W, Irvin MR, Jee YH, Johnson EO, Joo YY, Jorgenson E, Justice AE, Kamatani Y, Kaplan RC, Kaprio J, Kardia SLR, Keller MC, Kelly TN, Kooperberg C, Korhonen T, Kraft P, Krauter K, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Lasky-Su J, Lee WJ, Lee JJ, Levy D, Li L, Li K, Li Y, Lin K, Lind PA, Liu C, Lloyd-Jones DM, Lutz SM, Ma J, Mägi R, Manichaikul A, Martin NG, Mathur R, Matoba N, McArdle PF, McGue M, McQueen MB, Medland SE, Metspalu A, Meyers DA, Millwood IY, Mitchell BD, Mohlke KL, Moll M, Montasser ME, Morrison AC, Mulas A, Nielsen JB, North KE, Oelsner EC, Okada Y, Orrù V, Palmer ND, Palviainen T, Pandit A, Park SL, Peters U, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polderman TJC, Rafaels N, Redline S, Reed RM, Reiner AP, Rice JP, Rich SS, Richmond NE, Roan C, Rotter JI, Rueschman MN, Runarsdottir V, Saccone NL, Schwartz DA, Shadyab AH, Shi J, Shringarpure SS, Sicinski K, Skogholt AH, Smith JA, Smith NL, Sotoodehnia N, Stallings MC, Stefansson H, Stefansson K, Stitzel JA, Sun X, Syed M, Tal-Singer R, Taylor AE, Taylor KD, Telen MJ, Thai KK, Tiwari H, Turman C, Tyrfingsson T, Wall TL, Walters RG, Weir DR, Weiss ST, White WB, Whitfield JB, Wiggins KL, Willemsen G, Willer CJ, Winsvold BS, Xu H, Yanek LR, Yin J, Young KL, Young KA, Yu B, Zhao W, Zhou W, Zöllner S, Zuccolo L, Batini C, Bergen AW, Bierut LJ, David SP, Gagliano Taliun SA, Hancock DB, Jiang B, Munafò MR, Thorgeirsson TE, Liu DJ, Vrieze S. Genetic diversity fuels gene discovery for tobacco and alcohol use. Nature 2022; 612:720-724. [PMID: 36477530 PMCID: PMC9771818 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco and alcohol use are heritable behaviours associated with 15% and 5.3% of worldwide deaths, respectively, due largely to broad increased risk for disease and injury1-4. These substances are used across the globe, yet genome-wide association studies have focused largely on individuals of European ancestries5. Here we leveraged global genetic diversity across 3.4 million individuals from four major clines of global ancestry (approximately 21% non-European) to power the discovery and fine-mapping of genomic loci associated with tobacco and alcohol use, to inform function of these loci via ancestry-aware transcriptome-wide association studies, and to evaluate the genetic architecture and predictive power of polygenic risk within and across populations. We found that increases in sample size and genetic diversity improved locus identification and fine-mapping resolution, and that a large majority of the 3,823 associated variants (from 2,143 loci) showed consistent effect sizes across ancestry dimensions. However, polygenic risk scores developed in one ancestry performed poorly in others, highlighting the continued need to increase sample sizes of diverse ancestries to realize any potential benefit of polygenic prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xingyan Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Seon-Kyeong Jang
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mengzhen Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health at Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jacqueline M Otto
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Clifton Addison
- Jackson Heart Study (JHS) Graduate Training and Education Center (GTEC), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Christine M Albert
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Dean's Office and Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Allison E Ashley-Koch
- Department of Medicine and Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aneel A Ashrani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Tempus, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | | | - Jason D Boardman
- Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Dept Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meher Preethi Boorgula
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sameer Chavan
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Iona Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael H Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hélène Choquet
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - John W Cole
- Department of Neurology, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marilyn C Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Joanne E Curran
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Anna R Docherty
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia, USA
- Huntsman Mental Health Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ravindranath Duggirala
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Marissa A Ehringer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lilian Fernandes Silva
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Edoardo Fiorillo
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine-Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Maiken E Gabrielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Melanie E Garrett
- Department of Medicine and Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Lung Biology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nathan Gillespie
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia, USA
| | - David C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott D Gordon
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Charles C Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael E Hall
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Toomas Haller
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Department of Sociology and the Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Translational Sciences Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Pamela Herd
- McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - John K Hewitt
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department Of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Ian Hickie
- Youth Mental Health & Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bertha Hidalgo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christian Hopfer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - JoukeJan Hottenga
- Netherlands Twin Register, Dept Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - David J Hunter
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - William Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yon Ho Jee
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric O Johnson
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Fellow Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Yoonjung Y Joo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute of Data Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger, Danville, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthew C Keller
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department Of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Translational Sciences Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tellervo Korhonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth Krauter
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Center for Medicine and Clinical Research, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - James J Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Kevin Li
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kuang Lin
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Penelope A Lind
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald M Lloyd-Jones
- Departments of Preventive Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sharon M Lutz
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiantao Ma
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Division of Nutrition Epidemiology and Data Science, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ravi Mathur
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Genetics, UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patrick F McArdle
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthew B McQueen
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Iona Y Millwood
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Braxton D Mitchell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew Moll
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - May E Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antonella Mulas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Jonas B Nielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Oelsner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Valeria Orrù
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anita Pandit
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Lani Park
- Population Sciences of the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, DZHK, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tinca J C Polderman
- Department of Clinical Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert M Reed
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John P Rice
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Nicole E Richmond
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carol Roan
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Michael N Rueschman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nancy L Saccone
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David A Schwartz
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Medicine and Immunology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Kamil Sicinski
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anne Heidi Skogholt
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael C Stallings
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department Of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jerry A Stitzel
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Moin Syed
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Amy E Taylor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marilyn J Telen
- Department of Medicine and Duke Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Khanh K Thai
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Hemant Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Constance Turman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Tamara L Wall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robin G Walters
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wendy B White
- Jackson Heart Study Undergraduate Training and Education Center, Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, MS, USA
| | - John B Whitfield
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kerri L Wiggins
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Netherlands Twin Register, Dept Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bendik S Winsvold
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Huichun Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jie Yin
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kendra A Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Luisa Zuccolo
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Health Data Science Centre, Fondazione Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Batini
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Andrew W Bergen
- Oregon Research Institute, Springfield, OR, USA
- BioRealm, LLC, Walnut, CA, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sean P David
- Outcomes Research Network & Department of Family Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah A Gagliano Taliun
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Centre, Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dana B Hancock
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Bibo Jiang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Dajiang J Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Scott Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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8
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Jang SK, Evans L, Fialkowski A, Arnett DK, Ashley-Koch AE, Barnes KC, Becker DM, Bis JC, Blangero J, Bleecker ER, Boorgula MP, Bowden DW, Brody JA, Cade BE, Jenkins BWC, Carson AP, Chavan S, Cupples LA, Custer B, Damrauer SM, David SP, de Andrade M, Dinardo CL, Fingerlin TE, Fornage M, Freedman BI, Garrett ME, Gharib SA, Glahn DC, Haessler J, Heckbert SR, Hokanson JE, Hou L, Hwang SJ, Hyman MC, Judy R, Justice AE, Kaplan RC, Kardia SLR, Kelly S, Kim W, Kooperberg C, Levy D, Lloyd-Jones DM, Loos RJF, Manichaikul AW, Gladwin MT, Martin LW, Nouraie M, Melander O, Meyers DA, Montgomery CG, North KE, Oelsner EC, Palmer ND, Payton M, Peljto AL, Peyser PA, Preuss M, Psaty BM, Qiao D, Rader DJ, Rafaels N, Redline S, Reed RM, Reiner AP, Rich SS, Rotter JI, Schwartz DA, Shadyab AH, Silverman EK, Smith NL, Smith JG, Smith AV, Smith JA, Tang W, Taylor KD, Telen MJ, Vasan RS, Gordeuk VR, Wang Z, Wiggins KL, Yanek LR, Yang IV, Young KA, Young KL, Zhang Y, Liu DJ, Keller MC, Vrieze S. Rare genetic variants explain missing heritability in smoking. Nat Hum Behav 2022; 6:1577-1586. [PMID: 35927319 PMCID: PMC9985486 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Common genetic variants explain less variation in complex phenotypes than inferred from family-based studies, and there is a debate on the source of this 'missing heritability'. We investigated the contribution of rare genetic variants to tobacco use with whole-genome sequences from up to 26,257 unrelated individuals of European ancestries and 11,743 individuals of African ancestries. Across four smoking traits, single-nucleotide-polymorphism-based heritability ([Formula: see text]) was estimated from 0.13 to 0.28 (s.e., 0.10-0.13) in European ancestries, with 35-74% of it attributable to rare variants with minor allele frequencies between 0.01% and 1%. These heritability estimates are 1.5-4 times higher than past estimates based on common variants alone and accounted for 60% to 100% of our pedigree-based estimates of narrow-sense heritability ([Formula: see text], 0.18-0.34). In the African ancestry samples, [Formula: see text] was estimated from 0.03 to 0.33 (s.e., 0.09-0.14) across the four smoking traits. These results suggest that rare variants are important contributors to the heritability of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Kyeong Jang
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Luke Evans
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Donna K Arnett
- Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Kathleen C Barnes
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | | | - Meher Preethi Boorgula
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brenda W Campbell Jenkins
- Jackson Heart Study Graduate Training and Education Center, Jackson State University School of Public Health, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - April P Carson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sameer Chavan
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott M Damrauer
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Corporal Michael Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sean P David
- Department of Family Medicine, Prtizker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Tasha E Fingerlin
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Center for Genes Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Melanie E Garrett
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center for Lung Biology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hosptial and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Haessler
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John E Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew C Hyman
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Renae Judy
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shannon Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Wonji Kim
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | | | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Courtney G Montgomery
- Genes and Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Oelsner
- Division of General Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marinelle Payton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jackson Heart Study Graduate Training and Education Center, Jackson State University School of Public Health, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Anna L Peljto
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Preuss
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dandi Qiao
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert M Reed
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - David A Schwartz
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J Gustav Smith
- Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marilyn J Telen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Sections of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor R Gordeuk
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kerri L Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kendra A Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristin L Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dajiang J Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew C Keller
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Scott Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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9
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Hannawi Y, Vaidya D, Yanek LR, Johansen MC, Kral BG, Becker LC, Becker DM, Nyquist PA. Association of Vascular Properties With the Brain White Matter Hyperintensity in Middle-Aged Population. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e024606. [PMID: 35621212 PMCID: PMC9238713 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.024606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The periventricular white matter is more sensitive to the systemic hemodynamic alterations than the deep white matter because of differences in its vascular structure and systemic circulation relationship. We hypothesize that periventricular white matter hyperintensity (PVWMH) volume shows greater association than deep white matter hyperintensity (DWMH) volume with vascular properties (VPs) reflecting arterial stiffness and cardiovascular remodeling, indicators of the systemic circulation. Methods and Results A total of 426 participants (age, 59.0±6.1 years; 57.5% women; and 39.7% Black race) in the Genetic Study of Atherosclerosis Risk who were aged ≥50 years and had brain magnetic resonance imaging were studied. VPs included pulse pressure, hypertensive response to exercise, diastolic brachial artery diameter, diastolic common carotid artery diameter, common carotid artery distensibility coefficient, and left ventricular function. The relative associations of VPs with PVWMH and DWMH as multiple measures within the same individual were determined using multilevel linear models. We also determined if age modified the differences in VPs associations with PVWMH and DWMH. Our findings indicated that, within the same subject, PVWMH volume had greater association than DWMH volume with pulse pressure (P=0.002), hypertensive response to exercise (P=0.04), diastolic brachial artery diameter (P=0.012), and diastolic common carotid artery diameter (P=0.04), independent of age and cardiovascular risk factors. The differences of PVWMH versus DWMH associations with VPs did not differ at any age threshold. Conclusions We show, for the first time, that PVWMH has greater association than DWMH, independent of age, with vascular measurements of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular remodeling suggesting that changes in the systemic circulation affect the PVWMH and DWMH differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Hannawi
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Neurocritical Care Department of Neurology The Ohio State University Columbus OH
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Michelle C Johansen
- Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Brian G Kral
- GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Paul A Nyquist
- Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD.,Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD.,Division of Neurocritical Care Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
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Mahajan A, Spracklen CN, Zhang W, Ng MCY, Petty LE, Kitajima H, Yu GZ, Rüeger S, Speidel L, Kim YJ, Horikoshi M, Mercader JM, Taliun D, Moon S, Kwak SH, Robertson NR, Rayner NW, Loh M, Kim BJ, Chiou J, Miguel-Escalada I, Della Briotta Parolo P, Lin K, Bragg F, Preuss MH, Takeuchi F, Nano J, Guo X, Lamri A, Nakatochi M, Scott RA, Lee JJ, Huerta-Chagoya A, Graff M, Chai JF, Parra EJ, Yao J, Bielak LF, Tabara Y, Hai Y, Steinthorsdottir V, Cook JP, Kals M, Grarup N, Schmidt EM, Pan I, Sofer T, Wuttke M, Sarnowski C, Gieger C, Nousome D, Trompet S, Long J, Sun M, Tong L, Chen WM, Ahmad M, Noordam R, Lim VJY, Tam CHT, Joo YY, Chen CH, Raffield LM, Lecoeur C, Prins BP, Nicolas A, Yanek LR, Chen G, Jensen RA, Tajuddin S, Kabagambe EK, An P, Xiang AH, Choi HS, Cade BE, Tan J, Flanagan J, Abaitua F, Adair LS, Adeyemo A, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Akiyama M, Anand SS, Bertoni A, Bian Z, Bork-Jensen J, Brandslund I, Brody JA, Brummett CM, Buchanan TA, Canouil M, Chan JCN, Chang LC, Chee ML, Chen J, Chen SH, Chen YT, Chen Z, Chuang LM, Cushman M, Das SK, de Silva HJ, Dedoussis G, Dimitrov L, Doumatey AP, Du S, Duan Q, Eckardt KU, Emery LS, Evans DS, Evans MK, Fischer K, Floyd JS, Ford I, Fornage M, Franco OH, Frayling TM, Freedman BI, Fuchsberger C, Genter P, Gerstein HC, Giedraitis V, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando ME, Goodarzi MO, Gordon-Larsen P, Gorkin D, Gross M, Guo Y, Hackinger S, Han S, Hattersley AT, Herder C, Howard AG, Hsueh W, Huang M, Huang W, Hung YJ, Hwang MY, Hwu CM, Ichihara S, Ikram MA, Ingelsson M, Islam MT, Isono M, Jang HM, Jasmine F, Jiang G, Jonas JB, Jørgensen ME, Jørgensen T, Kamatani Y, Kandeel FR, Kasturiratne A, Katsuya T, Kaur V, Kawaguchi T, Keaton JM, Kho AN, Khor CC, Kibriya MG, Kim DH, Kohara K, Kriebel J, Kronenberg F, Kuusisto J, Läll K, Lange LA, Lee MS, Lee NR, Leong A, Li L, Li Y, Li-Gao R, Ligthart S, Lindgren CM, Linneberg A, Liu CT, Liu J, Locke AE, Louie T, Luan J, Luk AO, Luo X, Lv J, Lyssenko V, Mamakou V, Mani KR, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Morris AD, Nadkarni GN, Nadler JL, Nalls MA, Nayak U, Nongmaithem SS, Ntalla I, Okada Y, Orozco L, Patel SR, Pereira MA, Peters A, Pirie FJ, Porneala B, Prasad G, Preissl S, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Reiner AP, Roden M, Rohde R, Roll K, Sabanayagam C, Sander M, Sandow K, Sattar N, Schönherr S, Schurmann C, Shahriar M, Shi J, Shin DM, Shriner D, Smith JA, So WY, Stančáková A, Stilp AM, Strauch K, Suzuki K, Takahashi A, Taylor KD, Thorand B, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tomlinson B, Torres JM, Tsai FJ, Tuomilehto J, Tusie-Luna T, Udler MS, Valladares-Salgado A, van Dam RM, van Klinken JB, Varma R, Vujkovic M, Wacher-Rodarte N, Wheeler E, Whitsel EA, Wickremasinghe AR, van Dijk KW, Witte DR, Yajnik CS, Yamamoto K, Yamauchi T, Yengo L, Yoon K, Yu C, Yuan JM, Yusuf S, Zhang L, Zheng W, Raffel LJ, Igase M, Ipp E, Redline S, Cho YS, Lind L, Province MA, Hanis CL, Peyser PA, Ingelsson E, Zonderman AB, Psaty BM, Wang YX, Rotimi CN, Becker DM, Matsuda F, Liu Y, Zeggini E, Yokota M, Rich SS, Kooperberg C, Pankow JS, Engert JC, Chen YDI, Froguel P, Wilson JG, Sheu WHH, Kardia SLR, Wu JY, Hayes MG, Ma RCW, Wong TY, Groop L, Mook-Kanamori DO, Chandak GR, Collins FS, Bharadwaj D, Paré G, Sale MM, Ahsan H, Motala AA, Shu XO, Park KS, Jukema JW, Cruz M, McKean-Cowdin R, Grallert H, Cheng CY, Bottinger EP, Dehghan A, Tai ES, Dupuis J, Kato N, Laakso M, Köttgen A, Koh WP, Palmer CNA, Liu S, Abecasis G, Kooner JS, Loos RJF, North KE, Haiman CA, Florez JC, Saleheen D, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Mägi R, Langenberg C, Wareham NJ, Maeda S, Kadowaki T, Lee J, Millwood IY, Walters RG, Stefansson K, Myers SR, Ferrer J, Gaulton KJ, Meigs JB, Mohlke KL, Gloyn AL, Bowden DW, Below JE, Chambers JC, Sim X, Boehnke M, Rotter JI, McCarthy MI, Morris AP. Multi-ancestry genetic study of type 2 diabetes highlights the power of diverse populations for discovery and translation. Nat Genet 2022; 54:560-572. [PMID: 35551307 PMCID: PMC9179018 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls (48.9% non-European descent) through the Diabetes Meta-Analysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) Consortium. Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified 237 loci attaining stringent genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-9), which were delineated to 338 distinct association signals. Fine-mapping of these signals was enhanced by the increased sample size and expanded population diversity of the multi-ancestry meta-analysis, which localized 54.4% of T2D associations to a single variant with >50% posterior probability. This improved fine-mapping enabled systematic assessment of candidate causal genes and molecular mechanisms through which T2D associations are mediated, laying the foundations for functional investigations. Multi-ancestry genetic risk scores enhanced transferability of T2D prediction across diverse populations. Our study provides a step toward more effective clinical translation of T2D GWAS to improve global health for all, irrespective of genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubha Mahajan
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lauren E Petty
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hidetoshi Kitajima
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine (INGEM), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Cancer Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Grace Z Yu
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sina Rüeger
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leo Speidel
- Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Josep M Mercader
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Taliun
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Heon Kwak
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Neil R Robertson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nigel W Rayner
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Joshua Chiou
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Studies Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Irene Miguel-Escalada
- Regulatory Genomics and Diabetes, Centre for Genomic Regulation, the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Kuang Lin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona Bragg
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael H Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jana Nano
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Amel Lamri
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jung-Jin Lee
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicologí, a AmbientalInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esteban J Parra
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yang Hai
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - James P Cook
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mart Kals
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen M Schmidt
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ian Pan
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Wuttke
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chloe Sarnowski
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darryl Nousome
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Meng Sun
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lin Tong
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Meraj Ahmad
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Victor J Y Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Claudia H T Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yoonjung Yoonie Joo
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute of Data Science, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cécile Lecoeur
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Bram Peter Prins
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Aude Nicolas
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Salman Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edmond K Kabagambe
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Academics, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Division of Biostatistics Research, Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Hyeok Sun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Brian E Cade
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyi Tan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jack Flanagan
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Fernando Abaitua
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Oxford, UK
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas and Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sonia S Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chad M Brummett
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ji Chen
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Exeter Centre of Excellence in Diabetes (ExCEeD), Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Shyh-Huei Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuan-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, USA
| | - Swapan K Das
- Section on Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Latchezar Dimitrov
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leslie S Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - James S Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Pauline Genter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Hertzel C Gerstein
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Clicerio González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Elena González-Villalpando
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David Gorkin
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sophie Hackinger
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annie-Green Howard
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Willa Hsueh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mengna Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies (SIBPT), Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Mohammad Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Masato Isono
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hye-Mi Jang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Farzana Jasmine
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- National Institute of Public Health, Southern Denmark University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Complex Trait Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fouad R Kandeel
- Department of Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Varinderpal Kaur
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jacob M Keaton
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Abel N Kho
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Health Information Partnerships, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muhammad G Kibriya
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Duk-Hwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Katsuhiko Kohara
- Department of Regional Resource Management, Ehime University Faculty of Collaborative Regional Innovation, Ehime, Japan
- Ibusuki Kozenkai Hospital, Ibusuki, Japan
| | - Jennifer Kriebel
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Aaron Leong
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Program in Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adam E Locke
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea O Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vasiliki Mamakou
- Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - K Radha Mani
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrew D Morris
- The Usher Institute to the Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Digital Engineering Faculty of Hasso Plattner Institue and University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- The Division of Data Driven and Digital Medicine (D3M), Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International LLC, Glen Echo, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Uma Nayak
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Suraj S Nongmaithem
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sanjay R Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark A Pereira
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Fraser J Pirie
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bianca Porneala
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gauri Prasad
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre Campus, Ghaziabad, India
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn Roll
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maike Sander
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Sandow
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Digital Engineering Faculty of Hasso Plattner Institue and University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Population and Precision Health (IPPH), Biological Sciences Division, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies (SIBPT), Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Mun Shin
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel Shriner
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wing Yee So
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Adrienne M Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ken Suzuki
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Thorand
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jason M Torres
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Genetics and Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Health, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- National School of Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neuroscience and Preventive Medicine, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
- Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusie-Luna
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxiología, Ambiental Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miriam S Udler
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adan Valladares-Salgado
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan B van Klinken
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Disease, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rohit Varma
- Southern California Eye Institute, CHA Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marijana Vujkovic
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Niels Wacher-Rodarte
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiologia Clinica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Chittaranjan S Yajnik
- Diabetology Research Centre, King Edward Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Loïc Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kyungheon Yoon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liang Zhang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, UCI Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Eli Ipp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lundquist Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoon Shin Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Craig L Hanis
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University of Munich (TUM) and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James C Engert
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Geoffrey Hayes
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leif Groop
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases (GRC-Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Francis S Collins
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre Campus, Ghaziabad, India
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Guillaume Paré
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michèle M Sale
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ayesha A Motala
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kyong-Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberta McKean-Cowdin
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Digital Engineering Faculty of Hasso Plattner Institue and University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brown University Alpert School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Goncalo Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shiro Maeda
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
- Division of Clinical Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juyoung Lee
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robin G Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Reykjavik, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Simon R Myers
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Regulatory Genomics and Diabetes, Centre for Genomic Regulation, the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Section of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer E Below
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, the Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Health Data Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
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11
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Hannawi Y, Vaidya D, Yanek LR, Kral BG, Becker LC, Becker DM, Nyquist PA. Abstract WMP20: Association Of Periventricular And Deep White Matter Hyperintensity With Cognitive Performance In A Middle-aged Population. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/str.53.suppl_1.wmp20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
White matter hyperintensity (WMH) has been associated with manual dexterity performance in apparently healthy middle-aged population. However, the relative effect of WMH topographic distribution on cognition remains unknown. We hypothesized that periventricular WMH (PVWMH) is more strongly associated with manual dexterity and cognitive measures compared to deep WMH (DWMH) given its proximity to the white matter tracts involved in motor and executive functions.
Methods:
Apparently healthy middle-aged participants in the Genetic Study of Atherosclerosis Risk with brain MRI and cognitive measurements were selected. Cognitive measures included delayed word recall short (DWRS) and long (DWRL), digit symbol substitution (DSS), word fluency (WF), digit span forward test (DSFT), backward (DSBT) and total (DSTS), and grooved peg board test (GPBT) including the dominant and non-dominant hand (GPBTD, GPBTnD). PVWMH and DWMH volumes were measured using semi-automated segmentation paradigm. The relative associations of these measurements with PVWMH and DWMH volumes as multiple measurements within the same individual further nested within families were determined using multilevel linear models adjusting for intracranial volume, age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors.
Results:
782 subjects were included (age 51.1±10.6, 58.4% female and 39% African American, PVWMH volume 437.4 [0-1646] mm
3
, DWMH volume 273.5 [76-665] mm
3
). Within the same subject, PVWMH showed greater association than DWMH with worse performance on GPBT, GPBTD, GPBTnD, DWRS, and DWRL (P=0.006, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01 and 0.03, respectively) after adjusting for age and other cardiovascular risk factors. There was no difference in the association of PVWMH versus DWMH volumes with DSS, WF, DSFT, DSBT, DSTS (P=0.19, 0.52, 0.13, 0.6, and 0.6, respectively).
Conclusions:
PVWMH shows greater association than DWMH with cognitive measures of manipulative manual dexterity and recall suggesting that PVWMH and DWMH may have different cognitive phenotypes in middle-aged population with cerebral small vessel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brian G Kral
- JOHNS HOPKINS MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS, Baltimore, MD
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12
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Hannawi Y, Vaidya D, Yanek LR, Johansen MC, Kral BG, Becker LC, Becker DM, Nyquist PA. Abstract WP14: Association Of Vascular Properties With The Periventricular And Deep White Matter Hyperintensity In Middle-age Population. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/str.53.suppl_1.wp14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
The periventricular white matter is more sensitive to alterations in the hemodynamics of the systemic circulation than the deep white matter due to differences in its vascular supply and relationship to systemic circulation. We hypothesize that periventricular white matter hyperintensity volume (PVWMH) shows greater association than deep white matter hyperintensity (DWMH) volume with vascular property measures of arterial stiffness (AS) and cardiovascular remodeling, important indicators of the systemic circulation.
Methods:
Participants in the Genetic Study of Atherosclerosis Risk ≥ 50 years of age with brain MRI were selected. Vascular property measures included pulse pressure (PP), hypertension response to exercise (HRE), diastolic brachial artery (BA) diameter, diastolic common carotid artery (CCA) diameter, CCA distensibility coefficient, and left ventricular function. PVWMH and DWMH were measured using semi-automated segmentation approach. The relative associations of these parameters with PVWMH and DWMH volumes as multiple measures within the same individual further nested within families were determined using multilevel linear models. We also determined if differences between PVWMH and DWMH associations were modified by age.
Results:
426 participants (age 59.0±6.1 years, 57.5% females, and 39.7% African American) were included. Within the same subject, PVWMH volume showed greater association than DWMH volume with PP (P=0.002), HRE (p=0.04), diastolic BA diameter (p=0.012), and diastolic CCA diameter (p=0.04) independent of age and cardiovascular risk factors. This difference in PVWMH versus DWMH association with vascular properties did not differ at any age threshold.
Conclusions:
We show for the first time that PVWMH volume has greater association than DWMH volume, independent of age, with vascular property measurements of AS and cardiovascular remodeling. Our findings suggest that changes in the systemic circulation may affect PVWMH and DWMH differently adding to a growing body of literature that PVWMH and DWMH may represent different phenotypes of cerebral small vessel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Brian G Kral
- JOHNS HOPKINS MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS, Baltimore, MD
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13
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Thibord F, Song C, Pattee J, Rodriguez BAT, Chen MH, O'Donnell CJ, Kleber ME, Delgado GE, Guo X, Yao J, Taylor KD, Ozel AB, Brody JA, McKnight B, Gyorgy B, Simonsick E, Leonard HL, Carrasquilla GD, Guindo-Martinez M, Silveira A, Temprano-Sagrera G, Yanek LR, Becker DM, Mathias RA, Becker LC, Raffield LM, Kilpeläinen TO, Grarup N, Pedersen O, Hansen T, Linneberg A, Hamsten A, Watkins H, Sabater-Lleal M, Nalls MA, Trégouët DA, Morange PE, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Smith NL, Desch KC, Cushman M, Rotter JI, de Vries PS, Pankratz ND, Folsom AR, Morrison AC, März W, Tang W, Johnson AD. FGL1 as a modulator of plasma D-dimer levels: Exome-wide marker analysis of plasma tPA, PAI-1, and D-dimer. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:2019-2028. [PMID: 33876560 PMCID: PMC9946195 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of targeted exome-arrays with common, rare variants and functionally enriched variation has led to discovery of new genes contributing to population variation in risk factors. Plasminogen activator-inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and the plasma product D-dimer are important components of the fibrinolytic system. There have been few large-scale genome-wide or exome-wide studies of PAI-1, tPA, and D-dimer. OBJECTIVES We sought to discover new genetic loci contributing to variation in these traits using an exome-array approach. METHODS Cohort-level analyses and fixed effects meta-analyses of PAI-1 (n = 15 603), tPA (n = 6876,) and D-dimer (n = 19 306) from 12 cohorts of European ancestry with diverse study design were conducted, including single-variant analyses and gene-based burden testing. RESULTS Five variants located in NME7, FGL1, and the fibrinogen locus, all associated with D-dimer levels, achieved genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8 ). Replication was sought for these 5 variants, as well as 45 well-imputed variants with P < 1 × 10-4 in the discovery using an independent cohort. Replication was observed for three out of the five significant associations, including a novel and uncommon (0.013 allele frequency) coding variant p.Trp256Leu in FGL1 (fibrinogen-like-1) with increased plasma D-dimer levels. Additionally, a candidate-gene approach revealed a suggestive association for a coding variant (rs143202684-C) in SERPINB2, and suggestive associations with consistent effect in the replication analysis include an intronic variant (rs11057830-A) in SCARB1 associated with increased D-dimer levels. CONCLUSION This work provides new evidence for a role of FGL1 in hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Thibord
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ci Song
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jack Pattee
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Benjamin A T Rodriguez
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- SYNLAB MVZ Humangenetik Mannheim GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Ayse Bilge Ozel
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Beata Gyorgy
- INSERM UMRS1166, ICAN - Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Eleanor Simonsick
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hampton L Leonard
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Germán D Carrasquilla
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta Guindo-Martinez
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Angela Silveira
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerard Temprano-Sagrera
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Grarup
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Genomics of Complex Diseases, Research Institute of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mike A Nalls
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- INSERM UMRS1166, ICAN - Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- INSERM, BPH, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Russel P Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine & Department of Medicine, Vermont Center on Cardiovascular and Brain Health, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Seattle,, Washington, USA
| | - Karl C Desch
- Department of Pediatrics, Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine & Department of Medicine, Vermont Center on Cardiovascular and Brain Health, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nathan D Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aaron R Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Kammers K, Taub MA, Mathias RA, Yanek LR, Kanchan K, Venkatraman V, Sundararaman N, Martin J, Liu S, Hoyle D, Raedschelders K, Holewinski R, Parker S, Dardov V, Faraday N, Becker DM, Cheng L, Wang ZZ, Leek JT, Van Eyk JE, Becker LC. Gene and protein expression in human megakaryocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1783-1799. [PMID: 33829634 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is interest in deriving megakaryocytes (MKs) from pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) for biological studies. We previously found that genomic structural integrity and genotype concordance is maintained in iPSC-derived MKs. OBJECTIVE To establish a comprehensive dataset of genes and proteins expressed in iPSC-derived MKs. METHODS iPSCs were reprogrammed from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) and MKs were derived from the iPSCs in 194 healthy European American and African American subjects. mRNA was isolated and gene expression measured by RNA sequencing. Protein expression was measured in 62 of the subjects using mass spectrometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS MKs expressed genes and proteins known to be important in MK and platelet function and demonstrated good agreement with previous studies in human MKs derived from CD34+ progenitor cells. The percent of cells expressing the MK markers CD41 and CD42a was consistent in biological replicates, but variable across subjects, suggesting that unidentified subject-specific factors determine differentiation of MKs from iPSCs. Gene and protein sets important in platelet function were associated with increasing expression of CD41/42a, while those related to more basic cellular functions were associated with lower CD41/42a expression. There was differential gene expression by the sex and race (but not age) of the subject. Numerous genes and proteins were highly expressed in MKs but not known to play a role in MK or platelet function; these represent excellent candidates for future study of hematopoiesis, platelet formation, and/or platelet function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kammers
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Margaret A Taub
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- The GeneSTAR Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- The GeneSTAR Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kanika Kanchan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vidya Venkatraman
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Barbra Streisand Woman's Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Niveda Sundararaman
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Barbra Streisand Woman's Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joshua Martin
- The GeneSTAR Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Senquan Liu
- Division of Hematology and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dixie Hoyle
- Division of Hematology and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Koen Raedschelders
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Barbra Streisand Woman's Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ronald Holewinski
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Barbra Streisand Woman's Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sarah Parker
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Barbra Streisand Woman's Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Victoria Dardov
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Barbra Streisand Woman's Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nauder Faraday
- The GeneSTAR Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- The GeneSTAR Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Division of Hematology and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zack Z Wang
- Division of Hematology and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Leek
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, Barbra Streisand Woman's Heart Center, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- The GeneSTAR Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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15
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Johansen MC, Nyquist P, Sullivan KJ, Fornage M, Gottesman RF, Becker DM. Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease in Individuals with a Family History of Coronary Heart Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Neuroepidemiology 2021; 55:316-322. [PMID: 34139692 PMCID: PMC8371924 DOI: 10.1159/000516428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The degree to which a family history of coronary heart disease (FHCHD) is associated with silent cerebral small-vessel disease (cSVD) among healthy adults, independent of prevalent CHD and traditional risk factors, is unknown. METHODS The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study is a community-based cohort study with self-reported family history data and brain magnetic resonance imaging (ages 68-88). The association between markers of cSVD (lacunar infarcts and cerebral microbleeds), or log-transformed white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, and FHCHD, or the number of affected relatives was examined using separate adjusted logistic or linear regression models, respectively. Race interaction terms were evaluated. RESULTS Of 1,639 participants without prevalent CHD (76 ± 5 years, 62% female, 29% black), 686 (42%) had FHCHD. There were higher odds of lacunar infarct (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.07-1.84) among those with parental FHCHD and higher odds of microhemorrhages (lobar OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.13-3.06; subcortical OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.01-2.15) among those with sibling FHCHD. A greater number of any relative affected was associated with higher odds of lacunar infarct (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.04-1.47) and lobar microhemorrhages (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.05-1.64) but not subcortical microhemorrhages (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.92-1.28). Odds of having a lacunar infarct were higher among blacks (p-interaction 0.04) with paternal FHCHD (OR 2.20, CI 1.35-3.58) than whites with paternal FHCHD (OR 1.17, CI 0.87-1.56). There was no association with WMH. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Markers of cSVD, specifically lacunar infarcts and microhemorrhages, appear to be associated with FHCHD, potentially representing shared mechanisms in different vascular beds, and perhaps a genetic propensity for vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C. Johansen
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD
| | - Paul Nyquist
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD
- JHUSOM Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kevin J. Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Myriam Fornage
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Rebecca F. Gottesman
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD
| | - Diane M. Becker
- JHUSOM Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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16
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Chen J, Spracklen CN, Marenne G, Varshney A, Corbin LJ, Luan J, Willems SM, Wu Y, Zhang X, Horikoshi M, Boutin TS, Mägi R, Waage J, Li-Gao R, Chan KHK, Yao J, Anasanti MD, Chu AY, Claringbould A, Heikkinen J, Hong J, Hottenga JJ, Huo S, Kaakinen MA, Louie T, März W, Moreno-Macias H, Ndungu A, Nelson SC, Nolte IM, North KE, Raulerson CK, Ray D, Rohde R, Rybin D, Schurmann C, Sim X, Southam L, Stewart ID, Wang CA, Wang Y, Wu P, Zhang W, Ahluwalia TS, Appel EVR, Bielak LF, Brody JA, Burtt NP, Cabrera CP, Cade BE, Chai JF, Chai X, Chang LC, Chen CH, Chen BH, Chitrala KN, Chiu YF, de Haan HG, Delgado GE, Demirkan A, Duan Q, Engmann J, Fatumo SA, Gayán J, Giulianini F, Gong JH, Gustafsson S, Hai Y, Hartwig FP, He J, Heianza Y, Huang T, Huerta-Chagoya A, Hwang MY, Jensen RA, Kawaguchi T, Kentistou KA, Kim YJ, Kleber ME, Kooner IK, Lai S, Lange LA, Langefeld CD, Lauzon M, Li M, Ligthart S, Liu J, Loh M, Long J, Lyssenko V, Mangino M, Marzi C, Montasser ME, Nag A, Nakatochi M, Noce D, Noordam R, Pistis G, Preuss M, Raffield L, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Rich SS, Robertson NR, Rueedi R, Ryan K, Sanna S, Saxena R, Schraut KE, Sennblad B, Setoh K, Smith AV, Sparsø T, Strawbridge RJ, Takeuchi F, Tan J, Trompet S, van den Akker E, van der Most PJ, Verweij N, Vogel M, Wang H, Wang C, Wang N, Warren HR, Wen W, Wilsgaard T, Wong A, Wood AR, Xie T, Zafarmand MH, Zhao JH, Zhao W, Amin N, Arzumanyan Z, Astrup A, Bakker SJL, Baldassarre D, Beekman M, Bergman RN, Bertoni A, Blüher M, Bonnycastle LL, Bornstein SR, Bowden DW, Cai Q, Campbell A, Campbell H, Chang YC, de Geus EJC, Dehghan A, Du S, Eiriksdottir G, Farmaki AE, Frånberg M, Fuchsberger C, Gao Y, Gjesing AP, Goel A, Han S, Hartman CA, Herder C, Hicks AA, Hsieh CH, Hsueh WA, Ichihara S, Igase M, Ikram MA, Johnson WC, Jørgensen ME, Joshi PK, Kalyani RR, Kandeel FR, Katsuya T, Khor CC, Kiess W, Kolcic I, Kuulasmaa T, Kuusisto J, Läll K, Lam K, Lawlor DA, Lee NR, Lemaitre RN, Li H, Lin SY, Lindström J, Linneberg A, Liu J, Lorenzo C, Matsubara T, Matsuda F, Mingrone G, Mooijaart S, Moon S, Nabika T, Nadkarni GN, Nadler JL, Nelis M, Neville MJ, Norris JM, Ohyagi Y, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Qi Q, Raven D, Reilly DF, Reiner A, Rivideneira F, Roll K, Rudan I, Sabanayagam C, Sandow K, Sattar N, Schürmann A, Shi J, Stringham HM, Taylor KD, Teslovich TM, Thuesen B, Timmers PRHJ, Tremoli E, Tsai MY, Uitterlinden A, van Dam RM, van Heemst D, van Hylckama Vlieg A, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Vangipurapu J, Vestergaard H, Wang T, Willems van Dijk K, Zemunik T, Abecasis GR, Adair LS, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Alarcón-Riquelme ME, An P, Aviles-Santa L, Becker DM, Beilin LJ, Bergmann S, Bisgaard H, Black C, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Böhm BO, Bønnelykke K, Boomsma DI, Bottinger EP, Buchanan TA, Canouil M, Caulfield MJ, Chambers JC, Chasman DI, Chen YDI, Cheng CY, Collins FS, Correa A, Cucca F, de Silva HJ, Dedoussis G, Elmståhl S, Evans MK, Ferrannini E, Ferrucci L, Florez JC, Franks PW, Frayling TM, Froguel P, Gigante B, Goodarzi MO, Gordon-Larsen P, Grallert H, Grarup N, Grimsgaard S, Groop L, Gudnason V, Guo X, Hamsten A, Hansen T, Hayward C, Heckbert SR, Horta BL, Huang W, Ingelsson E, James PS, Jarvelin MR, Jonas JB, Jukema JW, Kaleebu P, Kaplan R, Kardia SLR, Kato N, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi SM, Kim BJ, Kivimaki M, Koistinen HA, Kooner JS, Körner A, Kovacs P, Kuh D, Kumari M, Kutalik Z, Laakso M, Lakka TA, Launer LJ, Leander K, Li H, Lin X, Lind L, Lindgren C, Liu S, Loos RJF, Magnusson PKE, Mahajan A, Metspalu A, Mook-Kanamori DO, Mori TA, Munroe PB, Njølstad I, O'Connell JR, Oldehinkel AJ, Ong KK, Padmanabhan S, Palmer CNA, Palmer ND, Pedersen O, Pennell CE, Porteous DJ, Pramstaller PP, Province MA, Psaty BM, Qi L, Raffel LJ, Rauramaa R, Redline S, Ridker PM, Rosendaal FR, Saaristo TE, Sandhu M, Saramies J, Schneiderman N, Schwarz P, Scott LJ, Selvin E, Sever P, Shu XO, Slagboom PE, Small KS, Smith BH, Snieder H, Sofer T, Sørensen TIA, Spector TD, Stanton A, Steves CJ, Stumvoll M, Sun L, Tabara Y, Tai ES, Timpson NJ, Tönjes A, Tuomilehto J, Tusie T, Uusitupa M, van der Harst P, van Duijn C, Vitart V, Vollenweider P, Vrijkotte TGM, Wagenknecht LE, Walker M, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Watanabe RM, Watkins H, Wei WB, Wickremasinghe AR, Willemsen G, Wilson JF, Wong TY, Wu JY, Xiang AH, Yanek LR, Yengo L, Yokota M, Zeggini E, Zheng W, Zonderman AB, Rotter JI, Gloyn AL, McCarthy MI, Dupuis J, Meigs JB, Scott RA, Prokopenko I, Leong A, Liu CT, Parker SCJ, Mohlke KL, Langenberg C, Wheeler E, Morris AP, Barroso I. The trans-ancestral genomic architecture of glycemic traits. Nat Genet 2021; 53:840-860. [PMID: 34059833 PMCID: PMC7610958 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycemic traits are used to diagnose and monitor type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic health. To date, most genetic studies of glycemic traits have focused on individuals of European ancestry. Here we aggregated genome-wide association studies comprising up to 281,416 individuals without diabetes (30% non-European ancestry) for whom fasting glucose, 2-h glucose after an oral glucose challenge, glycated hemoglobin and fasting insulin data were available. Trans-ancestry and single-ancestry meta-analyses identified 242 loci (99 novel; P < 5 × 10-8), 80% of which had no significant evidence of between-ancestry heterogeneity. Analyses restricted to individuals of European ancestry with equivalent sample size would have led to 24 fewer new loci. Compared with single-ancestry analyses, equivalent-sized trans-ancestry fine-mapping reduced the number of estimated variants in 99% credible sets by a median of 37.5%. Genomic-feature, gene-expression and gene-set analyses revealed distinct biological signatures for each trait, highlighting different underlying biological pathways. Our results increase our understanding of diabetes pathophysiology by using trans-ancestry studies for improved power and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Chen
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Gaëlle Marenne
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - Arushi Varshney
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Laura J Corbin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara M Willems
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhang
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Momoko Horikoshi
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Laboratory for Genomics of Diabetes and Metabolism, RIKEN Centre for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Johannes Waage
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kei Hang Katie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Mila D Anasanti
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annique Claringbould
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jani Heikkinen
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jaeyoung Hong
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shaofeng Huo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Marika A Kaakinen
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Winfried März
- SYNLAB Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | | | - Anne Ndungu
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah C Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kari E North
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Debashree Ray
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Denis Rybin
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- HPI Digital Health Center, Digital Health and Personalized Medicine, Hasso Plattner Institute, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Isobel D Stewart
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yujie Wang
- CVD Genetic Epidemiology Computational Laboratory, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Peitao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil V R Appel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Noël P Burtt
- Metabolism Program, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Brian E Cade
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoran Chai
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li-Ching Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Brian H Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kumaraswamy Naidu Chitrala
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Ayse Demirkan
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Statistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jorgen Engmann
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Segun A Fatumo
- Uganda Medical Informatics Centre (UMIC), MRC/UVRI and London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (Uganda Research Unit), Entebbe, Uganda
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- H3Africa Bioinformatics Network (H3ABioNet) Node, Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, NABDA/FMST, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jung Ho Gong
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yang Hai
- Department of Statistics, The University of Auckland, Science Center, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jing He
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yoriko Heianza
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University Obesity Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Council for Science and Technology, Mexico City, Mexico
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katherine A Kentistou
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Ishminder K Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Shuiqing Lai
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, Divison of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Marie Lauzon
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Man Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Carola Marzi
- Institute of Epidemiology, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - May E Montasser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Damia Noce
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Michael Preuss
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Neil R Robertson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen Ryan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Serena Sanna
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kazuya Setoh
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Albert V Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Thomas Sparsø
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jingyi Tan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Genomics PLC, Oxford, UK
| | - Mandy Vogel
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chaolong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen R Warren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew R Wood
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Hadi Zafarmand
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jing-Hua Zhao
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zorayr Arzumanyan
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Richard N Bergman
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lori L Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yi Cheng Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shufa Du
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Aliki Eleni Farmaki
- Department of Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mattias Frånberg
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Yutang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Anette P Gjesing
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sohee Han
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Chang-Hsun Hsieh
- Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Willa A Hsueh
- Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fouad R Kandeel
- Clinical Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Institute of Biomedicine, Bioinformatics Center, Univeristy of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kelvin Lam
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nanette R Lee
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, the Philippines
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, the Philippines
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Honglan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes and Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Diabetes Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carlos Lorenzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tatsuaki Matsubara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Department of Diabetes, Diabetes, and Nutritional Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Mooijaart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Girish N Nadkarni
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Mari Nelis
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jill M Norris
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yasumasa Ohyagi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Annette Peters
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
- Gen-Info, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Raven
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dermot F Reilly
- Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Alex Reiner
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Fernando Rivideneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kathryn Roll
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Sandow
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jinxiu Shi
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Academy of Science & Technology (SAST), Shanghai, China
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | | | - Betina Thuesen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul R H J Timmers
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Bornholms Hospital, Rønne, Denmark
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Human Biology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Linda S Adair
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carlos Alberto Aguilar-Salinas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion, Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición and Tec Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Tec Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- Department of Medical Genomics, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Government Center for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ping An
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Larissa Aviles-Santa
- Clinical and Health Services Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sven Bergmann
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Corri Black
- Aberdeen Centre for Health Data Science, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bernhard O Böhm
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Graduate School of Molecular Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore and Imperial College London, UK, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institut, University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Lille, France
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institues of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monserrato, Italy
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Kallithea, Greece
| | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jose C Florez
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Timothy M Frayling
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Philippe Froguel
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Lille, France
- INSERM UMR 1283/CNRS UMR 8199, European Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Penny Gordon-Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sameline Grimsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Leif Groop
- Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Department of Medicine Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Genetics, Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Academy of Science & Technology (SAST), Shanghai, China
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pankow S James
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marjo-Ritta Jarvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu Univerisity Hospital, OYS, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel IOB, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Norihiro Kato
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sirkka M Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Science, Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antje Körner
- Center of Pediatric Research, University Children's Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at University College London, London, UK
| | - Meena Kumari
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University Institute of Primary Care and Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Huaixing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the Swedish Twin Registry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathy and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Michael A Province
- Department of Genetics, Division of Statistical Genomics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetic and Genomic Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of Medicine, Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Havard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Timo E Saaristo
- Tampere, Finnish Diabetes Association, Tampere, Finland
- Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Peter Schwarz
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Department for Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura J Scott
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kerrin S Small
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alice Stanton
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Ageing and Health, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Liang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National Univeristy of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Signature Research Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teresa Tusie
- Molecular Biology and Genomic Medicine Unit, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mark Walker
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ya X Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nick J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard M Watanabe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- University of Southern California Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wen B Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behaviour and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Ocular Epidemiology, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jer-Yuarn Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Loïc Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Anna L Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Inga Prokopenko
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Research, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Aaron Leong
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen C J Parker
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Inês Barroso
- Exeter Centre of Excellence for Diabetes Research (EXCEED), Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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17
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Johansen MC, Gottesman RF, Kral BG, Vaidya D, Yanek LR, Becker LC, Becker DM, Nyquist P. Association of Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis With Brain White Matter Hyperintensity. Stroke 2021; 52:2594-2600. [PMID: 34000829 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.032674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Johansen
- Department of Neurology (M.C.J., R.F.G., P.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rebecca F Gottesman
- Department of Neurology (M.C.J., R.F.G., P.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Brian G Kral
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.G.K., L.C.B.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program (B.G.K., D.V., L.R.Y., L.C.B., D.M.B., P.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program (B.G.K., D.V., L.R.Y., L.C.B., D.M.B., P.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program (B.G.K., D.V., L.R.Y., L.C.B., D.M.B., P.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lewis C Becker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.G.K., L.C.B.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program (B.G.K., D.V., L.R.Y., L.C.B., D.M.B., P.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program (B.G.K., D.V., L.R.Y., L.C.B., D.M.B., P.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Paul Nyquist
- Department of Neurology (M.C.J., R.F.G., P.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program (B.G.K., D.V., L.R.Y., L.C.B., D.M.B., P.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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18
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Hannawi Y, Yanek LR, Kral BG, Vaidya D, Becker LC, Becker DM, Nyquist PA. Abstract P65: Arterial Stiffness Relationship With Periventricular and Deep White Matter Hyperintensities in a Middle-Aged Population. Stroke 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis:
Periventricular white matter (PVWM) is perfused by perforators originating from the proximal large caliber cerebral arteries with direct transmission of systemic hemodynamic changes as compared to the deep white matter (DWM) that is perfused by distal perforators with dampened transmission. We hypothesized that PVWM hyperintensities (PVWMH) are more strongly associated with the systemic vascular properties representing arterial stiffness (AS) due to vascular aging and hypertension compared to DWM hyperintensities (DWMH).
Methods:
Apparently healthy first degree relatives of subjects with coronary artery disease who had brain MRI as participants in GeneSTAR were selected. PVWMH and DWMH volumes were computed by an automated analysis software. Arterial stiffness indicators included peak systolic blood pressure during treadmill test, pulse pressure (PP), brachial artery (BA) diameter, carotid distensibility index, and diastolic dysfunction estimated by filling and systolic emptying rates (SER) on sestamibi cardiac scan. Statistical analysis was completed using unadjusted and age-adjusted linear regression models in the cohort that was divided into 4 quartiles based on age distribution (1
st
: 29-43, 2
nd
: 44-51, 3
rd
: 52-59, 4
th
: 60-74).
Results:
782 participants were included (age 51.05±10.6 years, 58.4% female, 39% African American, PVWMH volume 1977.01±5195.81 ml and DWMH volume 625.93±1108.37 ml). In the unadjusted analysis, PVWMH showed association with PP in the 1
st
and 3
rd
age quartiles (p= 0.02 and 0.03, respectively) and SER in the 2
nd
and 4
th
age quartiles (p=0.04 and 0.03). This relationship remained significant in the adjusted analysis for SER (p=0.047, and 0.032, respectively) and in the 1
st
age quartile for PP (P=0.02). DWMH relationship with BA diameter was significant in the 2
nd
age quartile in the unadjusted and adjusted models (P=0.011, and 0.02, respectively). DWMH was also associated with ratio of cardiac filling/SER (P=0.039 and 0.047) in the 1
st
age quartile.
Conclusions:
In this exploratory analysis, AS measures show different relationships to PVWMH and DWMH across age groups in middle-aged population suggesting a potential mechanistic role of AS in WMH pathology.
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19
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Sun D, Richard MA, Musani SK, Sung YJ, Winkler TW, Schwander K, Chai JF, Guo X, Kilpeläinen TO, Vojinovic D, Aschard H, Bartz TM, Bielak LF, Brown MR, Chitrala K, Hartwig FP, Horimoto AR, Liu Y, Manning AK, Noordam R, Smith AV, Harris SE, Kühnel B, Lyytikäinen LP, Nolte IM, Rauramaa R, van der Most PJ, Wang R, Ware EB, Weiss S, Wen W, Yanek LR, Arking DE, Arnett DK, Barac A, Boerwinkle E, Broeckel U, Chakravarti A, Chen YDI, Cupples LA, Davigulus ML, de las Fuentes L, de Mutsert R, de Vries PS, Delaney JA, Diez Roux AV, Dörr M, Faul JD, Fretts AM, Gallo LC, Grabe HJ, Gu CC, Harris TB, Hartman CC, Heikkinen S, Ikram MA, Isasi C, Johnson WC, Jonas JB, Kaplan RC, Komulainen P, Krieger JE, Levy D, Liu J, Lohman K, Luik AI, Martin LW, Meitinger T, Milaneschi Y, O’Connell JR, Palmas WR, Peters A, Peyser PA, Pulkki-Råback L, Raffel LJ, Reiner AP, Rice K, Robinson JG, Rosendaal FR, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Schwettmann L, Shikany JM, Shu XO, Sidney S, Sims M, Smith JA, Sotoodehnia N, Strauch K, Tai ES, Taylor KD, Uitterlinden AG, van Duijn CM, Waldenberger M, Wee HL, Wei WB, Wilson G, Xuan D, Yao J, Zeng D, Zhao W, Zhu X, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Deary IJ, Gieger C, Lakka TA, Lehtimäki T, North KE, Oldehinkel AJ, Penninx BW, Snieder H, Wang YX, Weir DR, Zheng W, Evans MK, Gauderman WJ, Gudnason V, Horta BL, Liu CT, Mook-Kanamori DO, Morrison AC, Pereira AC, Psaty BM, Amin N, Fox ER, Kooperberg C, Sim X, Bierut L, Rotter JI, Kardia SL, Franceschini N, Rao DC, Fornage M. Multi-Ancestry Genome-wide Association Study Accounting for Gene-Psychosocial Factor Interactions Identifies Novel Loci for Blood Pressure Traits. HGG Adv 2021; 2:100013. [PMID: 34734193 PMCID: PMC8562625 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2020.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological and social factors are known to influence blood pressure (BP) and risk of hypertension and associated cardiovascular diseases. To identify novel BP loci, we carried out genome-wide association meta-analyses of systolic, diastolic, pulse, and mean arterial BP taking into account the interaction effects of genetic variants with three psychosocial factors: depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and social support. Analyses were performed using a two-stage design in a sample of up to 128,894 adults from 5 ancestry groups. In the combined meta-analyses of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 59 loci (p value <5e-8), including nine novel BP loci. The novel associations were observed mostly with pulse pressure, with fewer observed with mean arterial pressure. Five novel loci were identified in African ancestry, and all but one showed patterns of interaction with at least one psychosocial factor. Functional annotation of the novel loci supports a major role for genes implicated in the immune response (PLCL2), synaptic function and neurotransmission (LIN7A, PFIA2), as well as genes previously implicated in neuropsychiatric or stress-related disorders (FSTL5, CHODL). These findings underscore the importance of considering psychological and social factors in gene discovery for BP, especially in non-European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daokun Sun
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Melissa A. Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Solomon K. Musani
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Thomas W. Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93040, Germany
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Département de Génomes et Génétique, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France
| | - Traci M. Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Michael R. Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kumaraswamy Chitrala
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 20892, USA
| | - Fernando P. Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas RS 96010-610, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Andrea R.V.R. Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Alisa K. Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2311 EZ, the Netherlands
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland
| | - Sarah E. Harris
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33101, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33101, Finland
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio 70100, Finland
| | - Peter J. van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Rujia Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Erin B. Ware
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17489, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dan E. Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Donna K. Arnett
- Dean’s Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY 40563, USA
| | - Ana Barac
- MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Human Genetics and Genomics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Martha L. Davigulus
- Division of Minority Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2311 EZ, the Netherlands
| | - Paul S. de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Ana V. Diez Roux
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17489, Germany
| | - Jessica D. Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Amanda M. Fretts
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
- Department Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17489, Germany
| | - C. Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Catharina C.A. Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70100, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus 70100, Finland
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Carmen Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - W. Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim 68167, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio 70100, Finland
| | - Jose E. Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Daniel Levy
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Kurt Lohman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Annemarie I. Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa W. Martin
- Division of Cardiology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Jeff R. O’Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Walter R. Palmas
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Laura Pulkki-Råback
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 0100, Finland
| | - Leslie J. Raffel
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Alex P. Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jennifer G. Robinson
- Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Frits R. Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2311 EZ, the Netherlands
| | - Carsten Oliver Schmidt
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17489, Germany
| | - Pamela J. Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Lars Schwettmann
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - James M. Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Xiao-ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Mario Sims
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, 80539 Germany
| | - E. Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Hwee-Lin Wee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Wen-Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Deng Xuan
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Diane M. Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Timo A. Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio 70100, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio 70211, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33101, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere 33100, Finland
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda W.J.H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - David R. Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 20892, USA
| | - W. James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 102, Iceland
| | - Bernardo L. Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas RS 96010-610, Brazil
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2311 EZ, the Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2311 EZ, the Netherlands
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Ervin R. Fox
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Laura Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Sharon L.R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Dabeeru C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Corresponding author
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20
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Hannawi Y, Yanek LR, Kral BG, Becker LC, Vaidya D, Haughey NJ, Becker DM, Nyquist PA. White Matter Injury Is Associated with Reduced Manual Dexterity and Elevated Serum Ceramides in Subjects with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 50:100-107. [PMID: 33279889 PMCID: PMC7878290 DOI: 10.1159/000511937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have demonstrated that asymptomatic cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) measured by white matter hyperintensity volume is associated with reduced manipulative manual dexterity on the Grooved Peg Board Test (GPBT) in middle-aged healthy individuals with a family history of early coronary artery disease. In this current study, we aim to identify the association of subcortical white matter microstructural impairment measured by diffusion tensor imaging, manual dexterity measured by GPBT and circulating serums ceramide, another marker for white matter injury. We hypothesize that lower regional fractional anisotropy (rFA) is associated with worse performance on GPBT and elevated serum ceramides in the same study population. METHODS rFA of 48 regions representing the subcortical white matters were analyzed in GeneSTAR participants in addition to serum ceramides and GPBT scores. Unadjusted univariable analyses with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons were completed using Spearman correlation for testing the associations between ceramides, rFA of subcortical white matter, and GPBT performance. Subsequently, sensitivity analyses were performed after excluding the participants that had any physical limitation that may influence their performance on GPBT. Finally, in the adjusted analysis using generalized estimating equation, linear regression models were performed for the areas that met significance threshold in the unadjusted analyses. RESULTS 112 subjects (age [49 ± 11], 51% female, 39.3% African American) were included. Adjusted analyses for the significant correlations that met the Bonferroni correction threshold in the unadjusted univariable analyses identified significant negative associations between rFA of the right fornix (RF) and log-GPBT score (β = -0.497, p = 0.037). In addition, rFA of RF negatively correlated with log serum ceramide levels (C18: β = -0.03, p = 0.003, C20: β = -0.0002, p = 0.004) and rFA of left genu of corpus callosum negatively correlated with log C18 level (β = -0.0103, p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that subcortical microstructural white matter disruption is associated with elevated serum ceramides and reduced manual dexterity in a population with cSVD. These findings suggest that injury to white matter tracts undermines neural networks, with functional consequences in a middle-aged population with cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Hannawi
- Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian G Kral
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Norman J Haughey
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul A Nyquist
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,
- Neurosciences Critical Care Division, Departments of Neurology, Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,
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21
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Sabater-Lleal M, Huffman JE, de Vries PS, Marten J, Mastrangelo MA, Song C, Pankratz N, Ward-Caviness CK, Yanek LR, Trompet S, Delgado GE, Guo X, Bartz TM, Martinez-Perez A, Germain M, de Haan HG, Ozel AB, Polasek O, Smith AV, Eicher JD, Reiner AP, Tang W, Davies NM, Stott DJ, Rotter JI, Tofler GH, Boerwinkle E, de Maat MPM, Kleber ME, Welsh P, Brody JA, Chen MH, Vaidya D, Soria JM, Suchon P, van Hylckama Vlieg A, Desch KC, Kolcic I, Joshi PK, Launer LJ, Harris TB, Campbell H, Rudan I, Becker DM, Li JZ, Rivadeneira F, Uitterlinden AG, Hofman A, Franco OH, Cushman M, Psaty BM, Morange PE, McKnight B, Chong MR, Fernandez-Cadenas I, Rosand J, Lindgren A, Gudnason V, Wilson JF, Hayward C, Ginsburg D, Fornage M, Rosendaal FR, Souto JC, Becker LC, Jenny NS, März W, Jukema JW, Dehghan A, Trégouët DA, Morrison AC, Johnson AD, O'Donnell CJ, Strachan DP, Lowenstein CJ, Smith NL. Genome-Wide Association Transethnic Meta-Analyses Identifies Novel Associations Regulating Coagulation Factor VIII and von Willebrand Factor Plasma Levels. Circulation 2019; 139:620-635. [PMID: 30586737 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.034532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factor VIII (FVIII) and its carrier protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) are associated with risk of arterial and venous thrombosis and with hemorrhagic disorders. We aimed to identify and functionally test novel genetic associations regulating plasma FVIII and VWF. METHODS We meta-analyzed genome-wide association results from 46 354 individuals of European, African, East Asian, and Hispanic ancestry. All studies performed linear regression analysis using an additive genetic model and associated ≈35 million imputed variants with natural log-transformed phenotype levels. In vitro gene silencing in cultured endothelial cells was performed for candidate genes to provide additional evidence on association and function. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were applied to test the causal role of FVIII and VWF plasma levels on the risk of arterial and venous thrombotic events. RESULTS We identified 13 novel genome-wide significant ( P≤2.5×10-8) associations, 7 with FVIII levels ( FCHO2/TMEM171/TNPO1, HLA, SOX17/RP1, LINC00583/NFIB, RAB5C-KAT2A, RPL3/TAB1/SYNGR1, and ARSA) and 11 with VWF levels ( PDHB/PXK/KCTD6, SLC39A8, FCHO2/TMEM171/TNPO1, HLA, GIMAP7/GIMAP4, OR13C5/NIPSNAP, DAB2IP, C2CD4B, RAB5C-KAT2A, TAB1/SYNGR1, and ARSA), beyond 10 previously reported associations with these phenotypes. Functional validation provided further evidence of association for all loci on VWF except ARSA and DAB2IP. Mendelian randomization suggested causal effects of plasma FVIII activity levels on venous thrombosis and coronary artery disease risk and plasma VWF levels on ischemic stroke risk. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis identified 13 novel genetic loci regulating FVIII and VWF plasma levels, 10 of which we validated functionally. We provide some evidence for a causal role of these proteins in thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (M.S.-L.).,Unit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.-L., A.M.-P., J.M.S.)
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.).,Framingham Heart Study, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.)
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health (P.S.d.V., E.B., M.F., A.C.M.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.,Department of Epidemiology (P.S.d.V., A.H., O.H.F., A.D.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (J.M., J.F.W., C.H.), University of Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Michael A Mastrangelo
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (M.A.M., C.J.L.)
| | - Ci Song
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.).,Framingham Heart Study, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.)
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis (N.P.)
| | - Cavin K Ward-Caviness
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC (C.K.W.-C.)
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (L.R.Y., D.V., D.M.B., L.C.B.)
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology (S.T.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (G.E.D., M.E.K., W.M.)
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R.)
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics (T.M.B., B.M.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Angel Martinez-Perez
- Unit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.-L., A.M.-P., J.M.S.)
| | - Marine Germain
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics and Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France (M.G., D.-A.T.).,ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France (M.G., D.-A.T.)
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (H.G.d.H., A.v.H.V., F.R.R.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Ayse B Ozel
- Department of Human Genetics (A.B.O., J.Z.L., D.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Croatia (O.P., I.K.)
| | - Albert V Smith
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics (A.V.S.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - John D Eicher
- Framingham Heart Study, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.)
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, (A.P.R., B.M.P., N.L.S.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (A.P.R.)
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (W.T.)
| | - Neil M Davies
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit and Bristol Medical School (N.M.D.), University of Bristol, UK
| | - David J Stott
- Academic Section of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine (J.D.S.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (X.G., J.I.R.)
| | - Geoffrey H Tofler
- Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia (G.H.T.)
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health (P.S.d.V., E.B., M.F., A.C.M.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.,Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (E.B.)
| | - Moniek P M de Maat
- Department of Hematology (M.P.M.d.M.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (G.E.D., M.E.K., W.M.).,Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Mannheim, Germany (M.E.K.)
| | - Paul Welsh
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W.), University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine (J.A.B., B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.).,Framingham Heart Study, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.)
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (L.R.Y., D.V., D.M.B., L.C.B.)
| | - José Manuel Soria
- Unit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (M.S.-L., A.M.-P., J.M.S.)
| | - Pierre Suchon
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France (P.S., P.-E.M.).,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Marseille, France (P.S., P.-E.M.)
| | - Astrid van Hylckama Vlieg
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (H.G.d.H., A.v.H.V., F.R.R.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Karl C Desch
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Disease (K.D.C.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Croatia (O.P., I.K.)
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics (P.K.J., H.C., I.R., J.F.W.), University of Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (L.J.L., T.B.H.)
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (L.J.L., T.B.H.)
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics (P.K.J., H.C., I.R., J.F.W.), University of Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics (P.K.J., H.C., I.R., J.F.W.), University of Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (L.R.Y., D.V., D.M.B., L.C.B.)
| | - Jun Z Li
- Department of Human Genetics (A.B.O., J.Z.L., D.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine (F.R., A.G.U.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine (F.R., A.G.U.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology (P.S.d.V., A.H., O.H.F., A.D.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard H.T. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (A.H.)
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology (P.S.d.V., A.H., O.H.F., A.D.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland (O.H.F.)
| | - Mary Cushman
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Colchester (M.C.)
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Department of Epidemiology, (A.P.R., B.M.P., N.L.S.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Department of Medicine (J.A.B., B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Department of Health Services (B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle (B.M.P., N.L.S.)
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France (P.S., P.-E.M.).,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Marseille, France (P.S., P.-E.M.)
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Biostatistics (T.M.B., B.M.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (B.M.), University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Michael R Chong
- McMaster University, Population Health Research Institute, Population Health Research Institute, Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Hamilton, Canada (M.R.C.)
| | - Israel Fernandez-Cadenas
- Stroke Pharmacogenomics and genetics, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigació Biomedica Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (I.F.-C.)
| | - Jonathan Rosand
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Broad Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston (J.R.)
| | - Arne Lindgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund University, Sweden (A.L.).,Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden (A.L.)
| | | | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur (V.G.).,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik (V.G.)
| | - James F Wilson
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (J.M., J.F.W., C.H.), University of Edinburgh, Scotland.,Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics (P.K.J., H.C., I.R., J.F.W.), University of Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (J.M., J.F.W., C.H.), University of Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - David Ginsburg
- Department of Human Genetics (A.B.O., J.Z.L., D.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health (P.S.d.V., E.B., M.F., A.C.M.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.,Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (M.F.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology (H.G.d.H., A.v.H.V., F.R.R.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Medicine (F.R.R., J.W.J.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Juan Carlos Souto
- Unit of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Hospital de la Sant Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.S.)
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (L.R.Y., D.V., D.M.B., L.C.B.)
| | - Nancy S Jenny
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Colchester (N.S.J.)
| | - Winfried März
- Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (G.E.D., M.E.K., W.M.).,SYNLAB Academy, SYNLAB Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany (W.M.).,Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University Graz, Mannheim, Germany (W.M.)
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Medicine (F.R.R., J.W.J.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands.,Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht (J.W.J.)
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology (P.S.d.V., A.H., O.H.F., A.D.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, UK (A.D.)
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics and Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France (M.G., D.-A.T.).,ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France (M.G., D.-A.T.)
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health (P.S.d.V., E.B., M.F., A.C.M.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.).,Framingham Heart Study, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.)
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.).,Framingham Heart Study, MA (J.E.H., C.S., J.D.E., M.-H.C., A.D.J., C.J.O.).,Cardiology Section Administration, Boston VA Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, UK (D.P.S.)
| | - Charles J Lowenstein
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (M.A.M., C.J.L.)
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, (A.P.R., B.M.P., N.L.S.), University of Washington, Seattle.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle (B.M.P., N.L.S.).,Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, WA (N.L.S.)
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22
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Noordam R, Bos MM, Wang H, Winkler TW, Bentley AR, Kilpeläinen TO, de Vries PS, Sung YJ, Schwander K, Cade BE, Manning A, Aschard H, Brown MR, Chen H, Franceschini N, Musani SK, Richard M, Vojinovic D, Aslibekyan S, Bartz TM, de Las Fuentes L, Feitosa M, Horimoto AR, Ilkov M, Kho M, Kraja A, Li C, Lim E, Liu Y, Mook-Kanamori DO, Rankinen T, Tajuddin SM, van der Spek A, Wang Z, Marten J, Laville V, Alver M, Evangelou E, Graff ME, He M, Kühnel B, Lyytikäinen LP, Marques-Vidal P, Nolte IM, Palmer ND, Rauramaa R, Shu XO, Snieder H, Weiss S, Wen W, Yanek LR, Adolfo C, Ballantyne C, Bielak L, Biermasz NR, Boerwinkle E, Dimou N, Eiriksdottir G, Gao C, Gharib SA, Gottlieb DJ, Haba-Rubio J, Harris TB, Heikkinen S, Heinzer R, Hixson JE, Homuth G, Ikram MA, Komulainen P, Krieger JE, Lee J, Liu J, Lohman KK, Luik AI, Mägi R, Martin LW, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milaneschi Y, Nalls MA, O'Connell J, Peters A, Peyser P, Raitakari OT, Reiner AP, Rensen PCN, Rice TK, Rich SS, Roenneberg T, Rotter JI, Schreiner PJ, Shikany J, Sidney SS, Sims M, Sitlani CM, Sofer T, Strauch K, Swertz MA, Taylor KD, Uitterlinden AG, van Duijn CM, Völzke H, Waldenberger M, Wallance RB, van Dijk KW, Yu C, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Elliott P, Esko T, Gieger C, Grabe HJ, Lakka TA, Lehtimäki T, North KE, Penninx BWJH, Vollenweider P, Wagenknecht LE, Wu T, Xiang YB, Zheng W, Arnett DK, Bouchard C, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Kardia S, Kelly TN, Kritchevsky SB, Loos RJF, Pereira AC, Province M, Psaty BM, Rotimi C, Zhu X, Amin N, Cupples LA, Fornage M, Fox EF, Guo X, Gauderman WJ, Rice K, Kooperberg C, Munroe PB, Liu CT, Morrison AC, Rao DC, van Heemst D, Redline S. Multi-ancestry sleep-by-SNP interaction analysis in 126,926 individuals reveals lipid loci stratified by sleep duration. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5121. [PMID: 31719535 PMCID: PMC6851116 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Both short and long sleep are associated with an adverse lipid profile, likely through different biological pathways. To elucidate the biology of sleep-associated adverse lipid profile, we conduct multi-ancestry genome-wide sleep-SNP interaction analyses on three lipid traits (HDL-c, LDL-c and triglycerides). In the total study sample (discovery + replication) of 126,926 individuals from 5 different ancestry groups, when considering either long or short total sleep time interactions in joint analyses, we identify 49 previously unreported lipid loci, and 10 additional previously unreported lipid loci in a restricted sample of European-ancestry cohorts. In addition, we identify new gene-sleep interactions for known lipid loci such as LPL and PCSK9. The previously unreported lipid loci have a modest explained variance in lipid levels: most notable, gene-short-sleep interactions explain 4.25% of the variance in triglyceride level. Collectively, these findings contribute to our understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in sleep-associated adverse lipid profiles. Sleep duration is associated with an adverse lipid profile. Here, the authors perform genome-wide gene-by-sleep interaction analysis and find 49 previously unreported lipid loci when considering short or long total sleep time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Maxime M Bos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Heming Wang
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.,Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alisa Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Han Chen
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Precision Health, School of Public Health & School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Melissa Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mary Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrea R Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Minjung Kho
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Aldi Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Elise Lim
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley van der Spek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zhe Wang
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vincent Laville
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria E Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Correa Adolfo
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Christie Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Houston Methodist Debakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Larry Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nienke R Biermasz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Niki Dimou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, UW Medicine Sleep Center, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel J Gottlieb
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José Haba-Rubio
- Medicine, Sleep Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Raphaël Heinzer
- Medicine, Sleep Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - James E Hixson
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jose E Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingmin Liu
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Public Health Sciences, Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Annemarie I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lisa W Martin
- Cardiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Cardiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Jeff O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Till Roenneberg
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CC, USA
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James Shikany
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Stephen S Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Medical Informatics Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Morris A Swertz
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CC, USA
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert B Wallance
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Caizheng Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,National Institute of Health Research Imperial College London Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.,UK-DRI Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland.,Department of Clinical Phsiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopia University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- SKLORG & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KS, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sharon Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Rehabilitation, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,The Mindich Child Health Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mike Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Kaiser Permanente Washington, Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population Quantitative and Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ervin F Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CC, USA
| | - W James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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23
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Clark DW, Okada Y, Moore KHS, Mason D, Pirastu N, Gandin I, Mattsson H, Barnes CLK, Lin K, Zhao JH, Deelen P, Rohde R, Schurmann C, Guo X, Giulianini F, Zhang W, Medina-Gomez C, Karlsson R, Bao Y, Bartz TM, Baumbach C, Biino G, Bixley MJ, Brumat M, Chai JF, Corre T, Cousminer DL, Dekker AM, Eccles DA, van Eijk KR, Fuchsberger C, Gao H, Germain M, Gordon SD, de Haan HG, Harris SE, Hofer E, Huerta-Chagoya A, Igartua C, Jansen IE, Jia Y, Kacprowski T, Karlsson T, Kleber ME, Li SA, Li-Gao R, Mahajan A, Matsuda K, Meidtner K, Meng W, Montasser ME, van der Most PJ, Munz M, Nutile T, Palviainen T, Prasad G, Prasad RB, Priyanka TDS, Rizzi F, Salvi E, Sapkota BR, Shriner D, Skotte L, Smart MC, Smith AV, van der Spek A, Spracklen CN, Strawbridge RJ, Tajuddin SM, Trompet S, Turman C, Verweij N, Viberti C, Wang L, Warren HR, Wootton RE, Yanek LR, Yao J, Yousri NA, Zhao W, Adeyemo AA, Afaq S, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Akiyama M, Albert ML, Allison MA, Alver M, Aung T, Azizi F, Bentley AR, Boeing H, Boerwinkle E, Borja JB, de Borst GJ, Bottinger EP, Broer L, Campbell H, Chanock S, Chee ML, Chen G, Chen YDI, Chen Z, Chiu YF, Cocca M, Collins FS, Concas MP, Corley J, Cugliari G, van Dam RM, Damulina A, Daneshpour MS, Day FR, Delgado GE, Dhana K, Doney ASF, Dörr M, Doumatey AP, Dzimiri N, Ebenesersdóttir SS, Elliott J, Elliott P, Ewert R, Felix JF, Fischer K, Freedman BI, Girotto G, Goel A, Gögele M, Goodarzi MO, Graff M, Granot-Hershkovitz E, Grodstein F, Guarrera S, Gudbjartsson DF, Guity K, Gunnarsson B, Guo Y, Hagenaars SP, Haiman CA, Halevy A, Harris TB, Hedayati M, van Heel DA, Hirata M, Höfer I, Hsiung CA, Huang J, Hung YJ, Ikram MA, Jagadeesan A, Jousilahti P, Kamatani Y, Kanai M, Kerrison ND, Kessler T, Khaw KT, Khor CC, de Kleijn DPV, Koh WP, Kolcic I, Kraft P, Krämer BK, Kutalik Z, Kuusisto J, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lawlor DA, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Lerch MM, Li L, Liu J, Loh M, London SJ, Loomis S, Lu Y, Luan J, Mägi R, Manichaikul AW, Manunta P, Másson G, Matoba N, Mei XW, Meisinger C, Meitinger T, Mezzavilla M, Milani L, Millwood IY, Momozawa Y, Moore A, Morange PE, Moreno-Macías H, Mori TA, Morrison AC, Muka T, Murakami Y, Murray AD, de Mutsert R, Mychaleckyj JC, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Neville MJ, Nolte IM, Ong KK, Orozco L, Padmanabhan S, Pálsson G, Pankow JS, Pattaro C, Pattie A, Polasek O, Poulter N, Pramstaller PP, Quintana-Murci L, Räikkönen K, Ralhan S, Rao DC, van Rheenen W, Rich SS, Ridker PM, Rietveld CA, Robino A, van Rooij FJA, Ruggiero D, Saba Y, Sabanayagam C, Sabater-Lleal M, Sala CF, Salomaa V, Sandow K, Schmidt H, Scott LJ, Scott WR, Sedaghati-Khayat B, Sennblad B, van Setten J, Sever PJ, Sheu WHH, Shi Y, Shrestha S, Shukla SR, Sigurdsson JK, Sikka TT, Singh JR, Smith BH, Stančáková A, Stanton A, Starr JM, Stefansdottir L, Straker L, Sulem P, Sveinbjornsson G, Swertz MA, Taylor AM, Taylor KD, Terzikhan N, Tham YC, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tillander A, Tracy RP, Tusié-Luna T, Tzoulaki I, Vaccargiu S, Vangipurapu J, Veldink JH, Vitart V, Völker U, Vuoksimaa E, Wakil SM, Waldenberger M, Wander GS, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Wild S, Yajnik CS, Yuan JM, Zeng L, Zhang L, Zhou J, Amin N, Asselbergs FW, Bakker SJL, Becker DM, Lehne B, Bennett DA, van den Berg LH, Berndt SI, Bharadwaj D, Bielak LF, Bochud M, Boehnke M, Bouchard C, Bradfield JP, Brody JA, Campbell A, Carmi S, Caulfield MJ, Cesarini D, Chambers JC, Chandak GR, Cheng CY, Ciullo M, Cornelis M, Cusi D, Smith GD, Deary IJ, Dorajoo R, van Duijn CM, Ellinghaus D, Erdmann J, Eriksson JG, Evangelou E, Evans MK, Faul JD, Feenstra B, Feitosa M, Foisy S, Franke A, Friedlander Y, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Gonzalez C, Goyette P, Grant SFA, Griffiths LR, Groop L, Gudnason V, Gyllensten U, Hakonarson H, Hamsten A, van der Harst P, Heng CK, Hicks AA, Hochner H, Huikuri H, Hunt SC, Jaddoe VWV, De Jager PL, Johannesson M, Johansson Å, Jonas JB, Jukema JW, Junttila J, Kaprio J, Kardia SLR, Karpe F, Kumari M, Laakso M, van der Laan SW, Lahti J, Laudes M, Lea RA, Lieb W, Lumley T, Martin NG, März W, Matullo G, McCarthy MI, Medland SE, Merriman TR, Metspalu A, Meyer BF, Mohlke KL, Montgomery GW, Mook-Kanamori D, Munroe PB, North KE, Nyholt DR, O'connell JR, Ober C, Oldehinkel AJ, Palmas W, Palmer C, Pasterkamp GG, Patin E, Pennell CE, Perusse L, Peyser PA, Pirastu M, Polderman TJC, Porteous DJ, Posthuma D, Psaty BM, Rioux JD, Rivadeneira F, Rotimi C, Rotter JI, Rudan I, Den Ruijter HM, Sanghera DK, Sattar N, Schmidt R, Schulze MB, Schunkert H, Scott RA, Shuldiner AR, Sim X, Small N, Smith JA, Sotoodehnia N, Tai ES, Teumer A, Timpson NJ, Toniolo D, Tregouet DA, Tuomi T, Vollenweider P, Wang CA, Weir DR, Whitfield JB, Wijmenga C, Wong TY, Wright J, Yang J, Yu L, Zemel BS, Zonderman AB, Perola M, Magnusson PKE, Uitterlinden AG, Kooner JS, Chasman DI, Loos RJF, Franceschini N, Franke L, Haley CS, Hayward C, Walters RG, Perry JRB, Esko T, Helgason A, Stefansson K, Joshi PK, Kubo M, Wilson JF. Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4957. [PMID: 31673082 PMCID: PMC6823371 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (FROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that FROH is significantly associated (p < 0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: FROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44-66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of FROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in FROH is independent of all environmental confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Clark
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Dan Mason
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford, BD96RJ, UK
| | - Nicola Pirastu
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Research Unit, Area Science Park, Trieste, 34149, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Hannele Mattsson
- Unit of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Catriona L K Barnes
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Kuang Lin
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Patrick Deelen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Yanchun Bao
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Clemens Baumbach
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Matthew J Bixley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Marco Brumat
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jin-Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Tanguy Corre
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Diana L Cousminer
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Annelot M Dekker
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - David A Eccles
- Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Marine Germain
- INSERM UMR_S 1166, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, 75013, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Alicia Huerta-Chagoya
- CONACyT, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico, 03940, México
| | - Catherine Igartua
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Iris E Jansen
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany
| | - Torgny Karlsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75108, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Shengchao Alfred Li
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Karina Meidtner
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Weihua Meng
- Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - May E Montasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Munz
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
- University Heart Center Luebeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
- Charité - University Medicine Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gauri Prasad
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110020, India
| | - Rashmi B Prasad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Tallapragada Divya Sri Priyanka
- Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Federica Rizzi
- ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Bresso (Milano), 20091, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy
- Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Bishwa R Sapkota
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Daniel Shriner
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Line Skotte
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, DK-2300, Denmark
| | - Melissa C Smart
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Ashley van der Spek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | | | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, the Netherlands
| | - Constance Turman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Niek Verweij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Ther Netherlands, Groningen, 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Clara Viberti
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA
| | - Helen R Warren
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Robyn E Wootton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Noha A Yousri
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Computer and Systems Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Adebowale A Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Saima Afaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Carlos Alberto Aguilar-Salinas
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico, 14080, México
- Unidad de Investigacion de Enfermades Metabolicas, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, N.L., 64710, México
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Matthew L Albert
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
- Inserm U1223, Paris, 75015, France
- Centre for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, San Francisco, California, 94080, USA
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Health Science Center at Houston, UTHealth School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Judith B Borja
- USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Talamban, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, 6000, Cebu, Philippines
| | - Gert J de Borst
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, 14482, Germany
| | - Linda Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Stephen Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Miao-Li Chee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Francis S Collins
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Janie Corley
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Giovanni Cugliari
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Anna Damulina
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Felix R Day
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Graciela E Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Klodian Dhana
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander S F Doney
- MEMO Research, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD19SY, UK
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Ayo P Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Nduna Dzimiri
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, KSA, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Sunna Ebenesersdóttir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Joshua Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at Imperial College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK - London, London, England
| | - Ralf Ewert
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Janine F Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, US
| | - Giorgia Girotto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Martin Gögele
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | | | - Francine Grodstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Simonetta Guarrera
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Daniel F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Kamran Guity
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | | | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Saskia P Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA
| | - Avner Halevy
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - David A van Heel
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Imo Höfer
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Chao Agnes Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Jinyan Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory Of Medical Genomics, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 200025, China
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan branch, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Anuradha Jagadeesan
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Unit of Public Health Promotion, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nicola D Kerrison
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Dominique P V de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Deborah A Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS8 2BY, UK
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Stephanie J London
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Stephanie Loomis
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milano, 20132, Italy
| | - Gísli Másson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Xue W Mei
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany
| | - Massimo Mezzavilla
- Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Amy Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
- INSERM UMR_S 1263, Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Taulant Muka
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Alison D Murray
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Josyf C Mychaleckyj
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Data Tecnica International LLC, Glen Echo, MD, 20812, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico, 14610, México
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | | | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Alison Pattie
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia, Zagreb, Select a Province, 10000, Croatia
| | - Neil Poulter
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, London, W12 7TA, UK
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR2000, Paris, 75015, France
- Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Sarju Ralhan
- Hero Heart Institute and Dyanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Cornelius A Rietveld
- Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands
- Erasmus University Rotterdam Institute for Behavior and Biology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), 86077, Italy
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
- Unit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland
| | - Kevin Sandow
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura J Scott
- Department of Biostatistics, and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - William R Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Bahareh Sedaghati-Khayat
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
- Dept of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-752 37, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3485 CX, Netherlands
| | - Peter J Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Wayne H-H Sheu
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Smeeta Shrestha
- Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560078, India
| | - Sharvari Rahul Shukla
- Diabetes Unit, KEM Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, 411101, India
- Symbiosis Statistical Institute, Symbiosis International University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | | | - Timo Tonis Sikka
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | | | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alice Stanton
- RCSI Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics (MCT), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education & Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Scotland
| | | | - Leon Straker
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6102, Australia
| | | | | | - Morris A Swertz
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Natalie Terzikhan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Yih-Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | | | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Annika Tillander
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, 05446, USA
| | - Teresa Tusié-Luna
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico, 04510, México
- Unidad De Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico, 14080, México
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Simona Vaccargiu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Eero Vuoksimaa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Salma M Wakil
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, KSA, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Gurpreet S Wander
- Department of Cardiology, Hero DMC Heart Institute, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China, 100005, China
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Sarah Wild
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | | | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lingyao Zeng
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany
| | - Liang Zhang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
- Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja I Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Dwaipayan Bharadwaj
- Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mike Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics, and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiane, 70808, USA
| | - Jonathan P Bradfield
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Quantinuum Research LLC, San Diego, CA, 92101, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Shai Carmi
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - David Cesarini
- Center for Experimental Social Science, Department of Economics, New York University, New York, New York, 10012, USA
- Research Institute for Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, 102 15, Sweden
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Giriraj Ratan Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), 86077, Italy
| | - Marilyn Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies Milano, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Segrate (Milano), 20090, Italy
- Bio4Dreams Scientific Unit, Bio4Dreams SRL, Bio4Dreams - business nursery for life sciences, Milano, 20121, Italy
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS8 2BY, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary health Care, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8 B, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
- Vasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, DK-2300, Denmark
| | - Mary Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA
| | | | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Clicerio Gonzalez
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, 01120, México
| | | | - Struan F A Grant
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lyn R Griffiths
- Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Leif Groop
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75108, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Ther Netherlands, Groningen, 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Hagit Hochner
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Heikki Huikuri
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90014, Finland
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108, USA
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 West 168th street, PH19-311, Newyork, NY, 10032, USA
- Cell Circuits Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Magnus Johannesson
- Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, SE-113 83, Sweden
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75108, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China, 100005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 698167, Germany
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90014, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Meena Kumari
- Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Matthias Laudes
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Rodney A Lea
- Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and PopGen Biobank, University of Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig Holstein, 24105, Germany
| | - Thomas Lumley
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tony R Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Dennis Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Jeffery R O'connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Colin Palmer
- Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, The School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Gerard G Pasterkamp
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Etienne Patin
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR2000, Paris, 75015, France
- Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Louis Perusse
- Department of kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Tinca J C Polderman
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - John D Rioux
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Charles Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Hester M Den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands
| | - Dharambir K Sanghera
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80636, Germany
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591-6607, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Neil Small
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, SG, Singapore
| | - Alexander Teumer
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK
- Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK
| | | | | | - Tiinamaija Tuomi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Carol A Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford, BD96RJ, UK
| | - Jingyun Yang
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Babette S Zemel
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Markus Perola
- Unit of Genomics and Biomarkers, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, London, W12 0HS, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Chris S Haley
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Robin G Walters
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tōnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MASSACHUSETTS, 02142, USA
| | - Agnar Helgason
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland.
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland.
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Harris DN, Ruczinski I, Yanek LR, Becker LC, Becker DM, Guio H, Cui T, Chilton FH, Mathias RA, O'Connor TD. Evolution of Hominin Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism: From Africa to the New World. Genome Biol Evol 2019; 11:1417-1430. [PMID: 30942856 PMCID: PMC6514828 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic conversion of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 18 carbon (18C) to long chain (>20 carbon) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) is vital for human life. The rate-limiting steps of this process are catalyzed by fatty acid desaturase (FADS) 1 and 2. Therefore, understanding the evolutionary history of the FADS genes is essential to our understanding of hominin evolution. The FADS genes have two haplogroups, ancestral and derived, with the derived haplogroup being associated with more efficient LC-PUFA biosynthesis than the ancestral haplogroup. In addition, there is a complex global distribution of these haplogroups that is suggestive of Neanderthal introgression. We confirm that Native American ancestry is nearly fixed for the ancestral haplogroup, and replicate a positive selection signal in Native Americans. This positive selection potentially continued after the founding of the Americas, although simulations suggest that the timing is dependent on the allele frequency of the ancestral Beringian population. We also find that the Neanderthal FADS haplotype is more closely related to the derived haplogroup and the Denisovan clusters closer to the ancestral haplogroup. Furthermore, the derived haplogroup has a time to the most recent common ancestor of 688,474 years before present. These results support an ancient polymorphism, as opposed to Neanderthal introgression, forming in the FADS region during the Pleistocene with possibly differential selection pressures on both haplogroups. The near fixation of the ancestral haplogroup in Native American ancestry calls for future studies to explore the potential health risk of associated low LC-PUFA levels in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Harris
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Program in Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Heinner Guio
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú
| | - Tao Cui
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Floyd H Chilton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Timothy D O'Connor
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Program in Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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25
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Jian X, Satizabal CL, Smith AV, Wittfeld K, Bis JC, Smith JA, Hsu FC, Nho K, Hofer E, Hagenaars SP, Nyquist PA, Mishra A, Adams HHH, Li S, Teumer A, Zhao W, Freedman BI, Saba Y, Yanek LR, Chauhan G, van Buchem MA, Cushman M, Royle NA, Bryan RN, Niessen WJ, Windham BG, DeStefano AL, Habes M, Heckbert SR, Palmer ND, Lewis CE, Eiriksdottir G, Maillard P, Mathias RA, Homuth G, Valdés-Hernández MDC, Divers J, Beiser AS, Langner S, Rice KM, Bastin ME, Yang Q, Maldjian JA, Starr JM, Sidney S, Risacher SL, Uitterlinden AG, Gudnason VG, Nauck M, Rotter JI, Schreiner PJ, Boerwinkle E, van Duijn CM, Mazoyer B, von Sarnowski B, Gottesman RF, Levy D, Sigurdsson S, Vernooij MW, Turner ST, Schmidt R, Wardlaw JM, Psaty BM, Mosley TH, DeCarli CS, Saykin AJ, Bowden DW, Becker DM, Deary IJ, Schmidt H, Kardia SLR, Ikram MA, Debette S, Grabe HJ, Longstreth WT, Seshadri S, Launer LJ, Fornage M. Exome Chip Analysis Identifies Low-Frequency and Rare Variants in MRPL38 for White Matter Hyperintensities on Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Stroke 2019; 49:1812-1819. [PMID: 30002152 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.020689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on brain magnetic resonance imaging are typical signs of cerebral small vessel disease and may indicate various preclinical, age-related neurological disorders, such as stroke. Though WMH are highly heritable, known common variants explain a small proportion of the WMH variance. The contribution of low-frequency/rare coding variants to WMH burden has not been explored. Methods- In the discovery sample we recruited 20 719 stroke/dementia-free adults from 13 population-based cohort studies within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium, among which 17 790 were of European ancestry and 2929 of African ancestry. We genotyped these participants at ≈250 000 mostly exonic variants with Illumina HumanExome BeadChip arrays. We performed ethnicity-specific linear regression on rank-normalized WMH in each study separately, which were then combined in meta-analyses to test for association with single variants and genes aggregating the effects of putatively functional low-frequency/rare variants. We then sought replication of the top findings in 1192 adults (European ancestry) with whole exome/genome sequencing data from 2 independent studies. Results- At 17q25, we confirmed the association of multiple common variants in TRIM65, FBF1, and ACOX1 ( P<6×10-7). We also identified a novel association with 2 low-frequency nonsynonymous variants in MRPL38 (lead, rs34136221; PEA=4.5×10-8) partially independent of known common signal ( PEA(conditional)=1.4×10-3). We further identified a locus at 2q33 containing common variants in NBEAL1, CARF, and WDR12 (lead, rs2351524; Pall=1.9×10-10). Although our novel findings were not replicated because of limited power and possible differences in study design, meta-analysis of the discovery and replication samples yielded stronger association for the 2 low-frequency MRPL38 variants ( Prs34136221=2.8×10-8). Conclusions- Both common and low-frequency/rare functional variants influence WMH. Larger replication and experimental follow-up are essential to confirm our findings and uncover the biological causal mechanisms of age-related WMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiu Jian
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.F., X.J.)
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, MA (C.L.S., S. Seshadri)
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kópavogur, Iceland (A.V.S., G.E., S. Sigurdsson, V.G.G.)
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Rostock/Greifswald, Germany (K.W.)
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (B.M.P., J.C.B., S.R.H.)
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (J.A.S., S.L.R.K., W.Z.)
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Division of Public Health Sciences (F.-C.H., J.D.)
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Center for Neuroimaging, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (K.N., S.L.R.)
| | | | - Saskia P Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (I.J.D., J.M.W., J.M.S., M.d.C.V.-H., M.E.B., N.A.R., S.P.H.)
| | - Paul A Nyquist
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (P.A.N., R.F.G.)
| | - Aniket Mishra
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre U1219, Inserm, France (A.M., G.C., S.D.)
| | | | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.S.B., A.L.D., Q.Y., S.L.)
| | | | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (J.A.S., S.L.R.K., W.Z.)
| | | | - Yasaman Saba
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry (H.S., Y.S.), Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine (D.M.B., L.R.Y., R.A.M.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ganesh Chauhan
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre U1219, Inserm, France (A.M., G.C., S.D.)
| | - Mark A van Buchem
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands (M.A.v.B.)
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, The University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington (M.C.)
| | - Natalie A Royle
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (I.J.D., J.M.W., J.M.S., M.d.C.V.-H., M.E.B., N.A.R., S.P.H.)
| | - R Nick Bryan
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin (R.N.B.)
| | - Wiro J Niessen
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Informatics (W.J.N.).,Department of Medicine, The University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson (W.J.N.)
| | | | - Anita L DeStefano
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.S.B., A.L.D., Q.Y., S.L.)
| | - Mohamad Habes
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (M.H.)
| | | | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry (D.W.B., N.D.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health (C.E.L.)
| | - Gudny Eiriksdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kópavogur, Iceland (A.V.S., G.E., S. Sigurdsson, V.G.G.)
| | - Pauline Maillard
- Department of Neurology, UC Davis School of Medicine (C.S.D., P.M.), CA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine (D.M.B., L.R.Y., R.A.M.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Georg Homuth
- Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Germany (G.H.)
| | - Maria Del C Valdés-Hernández
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (I.J.D., J.M.W., J.M.S., M.d.C.V.-H., M.E.B., N.A.R., S.P.H.)
| | | | - Alexa S Beiser
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.S.B., A.L.D., Q.Y., S.L.)
| | - Sönke Langner
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology (S.L.)
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle (K.M.R.)
| | - Mark E Bastin
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (I.J.D., J.M.W., J.M.S., M.d.C.V.-H., M.E.B., N.A.R., S.P.H.)
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, MA (A.S.B., A.L.D., Q.Y., S.L.)
| | - Joseph A Maldjian
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (J.A.M.)
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (I.J.D., J.M.W., J.M.S., M.d.C.V.-H., M.E.B., N.A.R., S.P.H.)
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland (S. Sidney)
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Center for Neuroimaging, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (K.N., S.L.R.)
| | | | - Vilmundur G Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kópavogur, Iceland (A.V.S., G.E., S. Sigurdsson, V.G.G.)
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (M.N.)
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA (J.I.R.)
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis (P.J.S.)
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health (E.B.)
| | | | - Bernard Mazoyer
- Neurodegeneratives Diseases Institute-CNRS UMR 5293 (B.M.), University of Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (D.L.)
| | - Sigurdur Sigurdsson
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kópavogur, Iceland (A.V.S., G.E., S. Sigurdsson, V.G.G.)
| | | | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (S.T.T.)
| | | | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (I.J.D., J.M.W., J.M.S., M.d.C.V.-H., M.E.B., N.A.R., S.P.H.)
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit (B.M.P., J.C.B., S.R.H.)
| | | | - Charles S DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, UC Davis School of Medicine (C.S.D., P.M.), CA
| | | | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry (D.W.B., N.D.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine (D.M.B., L.R.Y., R.A.M.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (I.J.D., J.M.W., J.M.S., M.d.C.V.-H., M.E.B., N.A.R., S.P.H.)
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry (H.S., Y.S.), Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor (J.A.S., S.L.R.K., W.Z.)
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Departments of Epidemiology, Radiology and Neurology (M.A.I.), Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre U1219, Inserm, France (A.M., G.C., S.D.)
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (H.J.G.), University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - W T Longstreth
- Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology (W.T.L.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, MA (C.L.S., S. Seshadri)
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD (L.J.L.)
| | - Myriam Fornage
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.F., X.J.)
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van der Lee SJ, Knol MJ, Chauhan G, Satizabal CL, Smith AV, Hofer E, Bis JC, Hibar DP, Hilal S, van den Akker EB, Arfanakis K, Bernard M, Yanek LR, Amin N, Crivello F, Cheung JW, Harris TB, Saba Y, Lopez OL, Li S, van der Grond J, Yu L, Paus T, Roshchupkin GV, Amouyel P, Jahanshad N, Taylor KD, Yang Q, Mathias RA, Boehringer S, Mazoyer B, Rice K, Cheng CY, Maillard P, van Heemst D, Wong TY, Niessen WJ, Beiser AS, Beekman M, Zhao W, Nyquist PA, Chen C, Launer LJ, Psaty BM, Ikram MK, Vernooij MW, Schmidt H, Pausova Z, Becker DM, De Jager PL, Thompson PM, van Duijn CM, Bennett DA, Slagboom PE, Schmidt R, Longstreth WT, Ikram MA, Seshadri S, Debette S, Gudnason V, Adams HHH, DeCarli C. A genome-wide association study identifies genetic loci associated with specific lobar brain volumes. Commun Biol 2019; 2:285. [PMID: 31396565 PMCID: PMC6677735 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain lobar volumes are heritable but genetic studies are limited. We performed genome-wide association studies of frontal, occipital, parietal and temporal lobe volumes in 16,016 individuals, and replicated our findings in 8,789 individuals. We identified six genetic loci associated with specific lobar volumes independent of intracranial volume. Two loci, associated with occipital (6q22.32) and temporal lobe volume (12q14.3), were previously reported to associate with intracranial and hippocampal volume, respectively. We identified four loci previously unknown to affect brain volumes: 3q24 for parietal lobe volume, and 1q22, 4p16.3 and 14q23.1 for occipital lobe volume. The associated variants were located in regions enriched for histone modifications (DAAM1 and THBS3), or close to genes causing Mendelian brain-related diseases (ZIC4 and FGFRL1). No genetic overlap between lobar volumes and neurological or psychiatric diseases was observed. Our findings reveal part of the complex genetics underlying brain development and suggest a role for regulatory regions in determining brain volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven J. van der Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Maria J. Knol
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Ganesh Chauhan
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM UMR 1219, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012 India
| | - Claudia L. Satizabal
- The Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
- Boston University School of Medicine and the Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036 Austria
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036 Austria
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | - Derrek P. Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90292 USA
| | - Saima Hilal
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600 Singapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228 Singapore
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Erik B. van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
- Pattern Recognition & Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628XE the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Statistical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Konstantinos Arfanakis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 USA
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Manon Bernard
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8 ON Canada
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Fabrice Crivello
- Neurofunctional Imaging Group - Neurodegenerative Diseases Institute, UMR 5293, Team 5 - CEA - CNRS - Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, 33076 France
| | - Josh W. Cheung
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90292 USA
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Research Unit-Genetic Epidemiology, Gottfried Schatz Research Centre for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oscar L. Lopez
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Jeroen van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Tomas Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, M4G 1R8 Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1 Canada
| | - Gennady V. Roshchupkin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Centre Hosp. Univ Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, LabEx DISTALZ-UMR1167 - RID-AGE - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90292 USA
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics at LABioMed-Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502 USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Stefan Boehringer
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Statistical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- Neurofunctional Imaging Group - Neurodegenerative Diseases Institute, UMR 5293, Team 5 - CEA - CNRS - Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, 33076 France
| | - Ken Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Ching Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Pauline Maillard
- Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95817 USA
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Wiro J. Niessen
- Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2629HZ the Netherlands
| | - Alexa S. Beiser
- Boston University School of Medicine and the Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Wanting Zhao
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Paul A. Nyquist
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Christopher Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600 Singapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System, Singapore, 119228 Singapore
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | - M. Kamran Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Meike W. Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Research Unit-Genetic Epidemiology, Gottfried Schatz Research Centre for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8 ON Canada
- Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1X8 Canada
| | - Diane M. Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Philip L. De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032 USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90292 USA
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA the Netherlands
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036 Austria
| | - W. T. Longstreth
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- The Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
- Boston University School of Medicine and the Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM UMR 1219, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 33000 France
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hieab H. H. Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95817 USA
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27
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Sung YJ, de las Fuentes L, Winkler TW, Chasman DI, Bentley AR, Kraja AT, Ntalla I, Warren HR, Guo X, Schwander K, Manning AK, Brown MR, Aschard H, Feitosa MF, Franceschini N, Lu Y, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Marten J, Musani SK, Kilpeläinen TO, Richard MA, Aslibekyan S, Bartz TM, Dorajoo R, Li C, Liu Y, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Tayo BO, Zhao W, Zhou Y, Matoba N, Sofer T, Alver M, Amini M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Gandin I, Gao C, Giulianini F, Goel A, Harris SE, Hartwig FP, He M, Horimoto ARVR, Hsu FC, Jackson AU, Kammerer CM, Kasturiratne A, Komulainen P, Kühnel B, Leander K, Lee WJ, Lin KH, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, McKenzie CA, Nelson CP, Noordam R, Scott RA, Sheu WHH, Stančáková A, Takeuchi F, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Waken RJ, Wang H, Wang Y, Ware EB, Weiss S, Wen W, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Afaq S, Alfred T, Amin N, Arking DE, Aung T, Barr RG, Bielak LF, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Braund PS, Brody JA, Broeckel U, Cade B, Campbell A, Canouil M, Chakravarti A, Cocca M, Collins FS, Connell JM, de Mutsert R, de Silva HJ, Dörr M, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Ehret G, Evangelou E, Faul JD, Forouhi NG, Franco OH, Friedlander Y, Gao H, Gigante B, Gu CC, Gupta P, Hagenaars SP, Harris TB, He J, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hofman A, Howard BV, Hunt SC, Irvin MR, Jia Y, Katsuya T, Kaufman J, Kerrison ND, Khor CC, Koh WP, Koistinen HA, Kooperberg CB, Krieger JE, Kubo M, Kutalik Z, Kuusisto J, Lakka TA, Langefeld CD, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lee JH, Lehne B, Levy D, Lewis CE, Li Y, Lim SH, Liu CT, Liu J, Liu J, Liu Y, Loh M, Lohman KK, Louie T, Mägi R, Matsuda K, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milani L, Momozawa Y, Mosley, Jr TH, Nalls MA, Nasri U, O'Connell JR, Ogunniyi A, Palmas WR, Palmer ND, Pankow JS, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Porteous D, Raitakari OT, Renström F, Rice TK, Ridker PM, Robino A, Robinson JG, Rose LM, Rudan I, Sabanayagam C, Salako BL, Sandow K, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Scott WR, Sever P, Sims M, Sitlani CM, Smith BH, Smith JA, Snieder H, Starr JM, Strauch K, Tang H, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Tham YC, Uitterlinden AG, Waldenberger M, Wang L, Wang YX, Wei WB, Wilson G, Wojczynski MK, Xiang YB, Yao J, Yuan JM, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Boehnke M, Bowden DW, Chambers JC, Chen YDI, Weir DR, de Faire U, Deary IJ, Esko T, Farrall M, Forrester T, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Horta BL, Hung YJ, Jonas JB, Kato N, Kooner JS, Laakso M, Lehtimäki T, Liang KW, Magnusson PKE, Oldehinkel AJ, Pereira AC, Perls T, Rauramaa R, Redline S, Rettig R, Samani NJ, Scott J, Shu XO, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Wickremasinghe AR, Wu T, Kamatani Y, Laurie CC, Bouchard C, Cooper RS, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Hixson J, Kardia SLR, Kritchevsky SB, Psaty BM, van Dam RM, Arnett DK, Mook-Kanamori DO, Fornage M, Fox ER, Hayward C, van Duijn CM, Tai ES, Wong TY, Loos RJF, Reiner AP, Rotimi CN, Bierut LJ, Zhu X, Cupples LA, Province MA, Rotter JI, Franks PW, Rice K, Elliott P, Caulfield MJ, Gauderman WJ, Munroe PB, Rao DC, Morrison AC. A multi-ancestry genome-wide study incorporating gene-smoking interactions identifies multiple new loci for pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:2615-2633. [PMID: 31127295 PMCID: PMC6644157 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure (BP), a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors. Cigarette smoking is one such lifestyle factor. Across five ancestries, we performed a genome-wide gene-smoking interaction study of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) in 129 913 individuals in stage 1 and follow-up analysis in 480 178 additional individuals in stage 2. We report here 136 loci significantly associated with MAP and/or PP. Of these, 61 were previously published through main-effect analysis of BP traits, 37 were recently reported by us for systolic BP and/or diastolic BP through gene-smoking interaction analysis and 38 were newly identified (P < 5 × 10-8, false discovery rate < 0.05). We also identified nine new signals near known loci. Of the 136 loci, 8 showed significant interaction with smoking status. They include CSMD1 previously reported for insulin resistance and BP in the spontaneously hypertensive rats. Many of the 38 new loci show biologic plausibility for a role in BP regulation. SLC26A7 encodes a chloride/bicarbonate exchanger expressed in the renal outer medullary collecting duct. AVPR1A is widely expressed, including in vascular smooth muscle cells, kidney, myocardium and brain. FHAD1 is a long non-coding RNA overexpressed in heart failure. TMEM51 was associated with contractile function in cardiomyocytes. CASP9 plays a central role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Identified only in African ancestry were 30 novel loci. Our findings highlight the value of multi-ancestry investigations, particularly in studies of interaction with lifestyle factors, where genomic and lifestyle differences may contribute to novel findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Helen R Warren
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Meian He
- Lab Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CA, USA
| | - Andrea R V R Horimoto
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Anuradhani Kasturiratne
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jian’an Luan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- School of Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Scott
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Robert J Waken
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Erin B Ware
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Saima Afaq
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tamuno Alfred
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - R Graham Barr
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Brian Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John M Connell
- Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Georg Ehret
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Cardiology, Department of Specialties of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - He Gao
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saskia P Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat—National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences and Department of Medicine, Georgetown–Howard Universities, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Joel Kaufman
- Epidemiology, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nicola D Kerrison
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke–NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki Finland
| | - Charles B Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jose E Krieger
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Institute of Social Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Levy
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- The Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Sing Hui Lim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingmin Liu
- WHI CCC, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yeheng Liu
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Marie Loh
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory for Clinical Genome Sequencing, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ubaydah Nasri
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jeff R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital ‘Sveti Ivan’, Zagreb, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David Porteous
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS ‘Burlo Garofolo’, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jennifer G Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Kevin Sandow
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William R Scott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes & Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yao
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernardo Lessa Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Lab Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Perls
- Geriatrics Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer Rettig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, University of Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen RB, The Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | | | - Tangchun Wu
- School of Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - James Hixson
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Dean’s Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke–NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - W James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, UK
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Saccone NL, Emery LS, Sofer T, Gogarten SM, Becker DM, Bottinger EP, Chen LS, Culverhouse RC, Duan W, Hancock DB, Hosgood HD, Johnson EO, Loos RJF, Louie T, Papanicolaou G, Perreira KM, Rodriquez EJ, Schurmann C, Stilp AM, Szpiro AA, Talavera GA, Taylor KD, Thrasher JF, Yanek LR, Laurie CC, Pérez-Stable EJ, Bierut LJ, Kaplan RC. Genome-Wide Association Study of Heavy Smoking and Daily/Nondaily Smoking in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Nicotine Tob Res 2019; 20:448-457. [PMID: 28520984 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Genetic variants associated with nicotine dependence have previously been identified, primarily in European-ancestry populations. No genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been reported for smoking behaviors in Hispanics/Latinos in the United States and Latin America, who are of mixed ancestry with European, African, and American Indigenous components. Methods We examined genetic associations with smoking behaviors in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) (N = 12 741 with smoking data, 5119 ever-smokers), using ~2.3 million genotyped variants imputed to the 1000 Genomes Project phase 3. Mixed logistic regression models accounted for population structure, sampling, relatedness, sex, and age. Results The known region of CHRNA5, which encodes the α5 cholinergic nicotinic receptor subunit, was associated with heavy smoking at genome-wide significance (p ≤ 5 × 10-8) in a comparison of 1929 ever-smokers reporting cigarettes per day (CPD) > 10 versus 3156 reporting CPD ≤ 10. The functional variant rs16969968 in CHRNA5 had a p value of 2.20 × 10-7 and odds ratio (OR) of 1.32 for the minor allele (A); its minor allele frequency was 0.22 overall and similar across Hispanic/Latino background groups (Central American = 0.17; South American = 0.19; Mexican = 0.18; Puerto Rican = 0.22; Cuban = 0.29; Dominican = 0.19). CHRNA4 on chromosome 20 attained p < 10-4, supporting prior findings in non-Hispanics. For nondaily smoking, which is prevalent in Hispanic/Latino smokers, compared to daily smoking, loci on chromosomes 2 and 4 achieved genome-wide significance; replication attempts were limited by small Hispanic/Latino sample sizes. Conclusions Associations of nicotinic receptor gene variants with smoking, first reported in non-Hispanic European-ancestry populations, generalized to Hispanics/Latinos despite different patterns of smoking behavior. Implications We conducted the first large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) of smoking behavior in a US Hispanic/Latino cohort, and the first GWAS of daily/nondaily smoking in any population. Results show that the region of the nicotinic receptor subunit gene CHRNA5, which in non-Hispanic European-ancestry smokers has been associated with heavy smoking as well as cessation and treatment efficacy, is also significantly associated with heavy smoking in this Hispanic/Latino cohort. The results are an important addition to understanding the impact of genetic variants in understudied Hispanic/Latino smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy L Saccone
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Leslie S Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Li-Shiun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Weimin Duan
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Dana B Hancock
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Eric O Johnson
- Fellow Program and Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - George Papanicolaou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Erik J Rodriquez
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Adrienne M Stilp
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Adam A Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Gregory A Talavera
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - James F Thrasher
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Eliseo J Pérez-Stable
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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29
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de Vries PS, Brown MR, Bentley AR, Sung YJ, Winkler TW, Ntalla I, Schwander K, Kraja AT, Guo X, Franceschini N, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Huffman JE, Musani SK, Li C, Feitosa MF, Richard MA, Noordam R, Aschard H, Bartz TM, Bielak LF, Deng X, Dorajoo R, Lohman KK, Manning AK, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Evangelou E, Graff M, Alver M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Gandin I, Gao C, Goel A, Hagemeijer Y, Harris SE, Hartwig FP, He M, Horimoto ARVR, Hsu FC, Jackson AU, Kasturiratne A, Komulainen P, Kühnel B, Laguzzi F, Lee JH, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, Matoba N, Nolte IM, Pietzner M, Riaz M, Said MA, Scott RA, Sofer T, Stančáková A, Takeuchi F, Tayo BO, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Wang Y, Ware EB, Wen W, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Afaq S, Amin N, Amini M, Arking DE, Aung T, Ballantyne C, Boerwinkle E, Broeckel U, Campbell A, Canouil M, Charumathi S, Chen YDI, Connell JM, de Faire U, de las Fuentes L, de Mutsert R, de Silva HJ, Ding J, Dominiczak AF, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Eppinga RN, Faul JD, Fisher V, Forrester T, Franco OH, Friedlander Y, Ghanbari M, Giulianini F, Grabe HJ, Grove ML, Gu CC, Harris TB, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hirata M, Hixson JE, Howard BV, Ikram MA, Jacobs DR, Johnson C, Jonas JB, Kammerer CM, Katsuya T, Khor CC, Kilpeläinen TO, Koh WP, Koistinen HA, Kolcic I, Kooperberg C, Krieger JE, Kritchevsky SB, Kubo M, Kuusisto J, Lakka TA, Langefeld CD, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lemaitre RN, Li Y, Liang J, Liu J, Liu K, Loh M, Louie T, Mägi R, Manichaikul AW, McKenzie CA, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milaneschi Y, Milani L, Mohlke KL, Mosley TH, Mukamal KJ, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Nelson CP, Sotoodehnia N, O'Connell JR, Palmer ND, Pazoki R, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Poulter N, Raffel LJ, Raitakari OT, Reiner AP, Rice TK, Rich SS, Robino A, Robinson JG, Rose LM, Rudan I, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Scott WR, Sever P, Shi Y, Sidney S, Sims M, Smith BH, Smith JA, Snieder H, Starr JM, Strauch K, Tan N, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Tham YC, Uitterlinden AG, van Heemst D, Vuckovic D, Waldenberger M, Wang L, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wei WB, Williams C, Wilson G, Wojczynski MK, Yao J, Yu B, Yu C, Yuan JM, Zhao W, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Boehnke M, Bowden DW, Chambers JC, Deary IJ, Esko T, Farrall M, Franks PW, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Horta BL, Kamatani Y, Kato N, Kooner JS, Laakso M, Leander K, Lehtimäki T, Magnusson PKE, Penninx B, Pereira AC, Rauramaa R, Samani NJ, Scott J, Shu XO, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Weir DR, Wickremasinghe AR, Zheng W, Elliott P, North KE, Bouchard C, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Liu CT, Liu Y, Psaty BM, Ridker PM, van Dam RM, Kardia SLR, Zhu X, Rotimi CN, Mook-Kanamori DO, Fornage M, Kelly TN, Fox ER, Hayward C, van Duijn CM, Tai ES, Wong TY, Liu J, Rotter JI, Gauderman WJ, Province MA, Munroe PB, Rice K, Chasman DI, Cupples LA, Rao DC, Morrison AC. Multiancestry Genome-Wide Association Study of Lipid Levels Incorporating Gene-Alcohol Interactions. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1033-1054. [PMID: 30698716 PMCID: PMC6545280 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A person's lipid profile is influenced by genetic variants and alcohol consumption, but the contribution of interactions between these exposures has not been studied. We therefore incorporated gene-alcohol interactions into a multiancestry genome-wide association study of levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. We included 45 studies in stage 1 (genome-wide discovery) and 66 studies in stage 2 (focused follow-up), for a total of 394,584 individuals from 5 ancestry groups. Analyses covered the period July 2014-November 2017. Genetic main effects and interaction effects were jointly assessed by means of a 2-degrees-of-freedom (df) test, and a 1-df test was used to assess the interaction effects alone. Variants at 495 loci were at least suggestively associated (P < 1 × 10-6) with lipid levels in stage 1 and were evaluated in stage 2, followed by combined analyses of stage 1 and stage 2. In the combined analysis of stages 1 and 2, a total of 147 independent loci were associated with lipid levels at P < 5 × 10-8 using 2-df tests, of which 18 were novel. No genome-wide-significant associations were found testing the interaction effect alone. The novel loci included several genes (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5), vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB), and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 1 (APOBEC1) complementation factor (A1CF)) that have a putative role in lipid metabolism on the basis of existing evidence from cellular and experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yun J Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Academic Medicine Research Institute, Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, Georgia
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Xuan Deng
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Public Health Sciences, Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Yanick Hagemeijer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Sergievsky Center and Taub Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center – Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - M Abdullah Said
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Erin B Ware
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Saima Afaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program
| | - Christie Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Houston Methodist Debakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Academic Medicine Research Institute, Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - John M Connell
- Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Center on Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anna F Dominiczak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Ruben N Eppinga
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Virginia Fisher
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hans J Grabe
- Department Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat – National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - James E Hixson
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences and Department of Medicine, Georgetown-Howard Universities, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Craig Johnson
- Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jose E Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute
| | - Steve B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Health Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiang Liu
- Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Biostatistics Section, Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, West Complex, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Geriatrics, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- General Medicine & Primary Care, Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jeff R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Raha Pazoki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital “Sveti Ivan”, Zagreb, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neil Poulter
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, School of Medicine, West Complex, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jennifer G Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - William R Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicholas Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dragana Vuckovic
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Yujie Wang
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Zhe Wang
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Christine Williams
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jie Yao
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Caizheng Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wei Zhao
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Diane M Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health – IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center – Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brenda Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Health Data Research UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute
| | - Kari E North
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Carolina Center of Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Kaiser Permanente Washington, Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Leiden
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program
| | - Jingmin Liu
- WHI CCC, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - W James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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Bentley AR, Sung YJ, Brown MR, Winkler TW, Kraja AT, Ntalla I, Schwander K, Chasman DI, Lim E, Deng X, Guo X, Liu J, Lu Y, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Huffman JE, Musani SK, Li C, Feitosa MF, Richard MA, Noordam R, Baker J, Chen G, Aschard H, Bartz TM, Ding J, Dorajoo R, Manning AK, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Zhao W, Graff M, Alver M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Evangelou E, Gao C, Goel A, Hagemeijer Y, Harris SE, Hartwig FP, He M, Horimoto ARVR, Hsu FC, Hung YJ, Jackson AU, Kasturiratne A, Komulainen P, Kühnel B, Leander K, Lin KH, Luan J, Lyytikäinen LP, Matoba N, Nolte IM, Pietzner M, Prins B, Riaz M, Robino A, Said MA, Schupf N, Scott RA, Sofer T, Stancáková A, Takeuchi F, Tayo BO, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Wang TD, Wang Y, Ware EB, Wen W, Xiang YB, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Adeyemo A, Afaq S, Amin N, Amini M, Arking DE, Arzumanyan Z, Aung T, Ballantyne C, Barr RG, Bielak LF, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Broeckel U, Brown M, Cade BE, Campbell A, Canouil M, Charumathi S, Chen YDI, Christensen K, Concas MP, Connell JM, de Las Fuentes L, de Silva HJ, de Vries PS, Doumatey A, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Eppinga RN, Faul JD, Floyd JS, Forouhi NG, Forrester T, Friedlander Y, Gandin I, Gao H, Ghanbari M, Gharib SA, Gigante B, Giulianini F, Grabe HJ, Gu CC, Harris TB, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hirata M, Hixson JE, Ikram MA, Jia Y, Joehanes R, Johnson C, Jonas JB, Justice AE, Katsuya T, Khor CC, Kilpeläinen TO, Koh WP, Kolcic I, Kooperberg C, Krieger JE, Kritchevsky SB, Kubo M, Kuusisto J, Lakka TA, Langefeld CD, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lewis CE, Li Y, Liang J, Lin S, Liu CT, Liu J, Liu K, Loh M, Lohman KK, Louie T, Luzzi A, Mägi R, Mahajan A, Manichaikul AW, McKenzie CA, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milaneschi Y, Milani L, Mohlke KL, Momozawa Y, Morris AP, Murray AD, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Nelson CP, North KE, O'Connell JR, Palmer ND, Papanicolau GJ, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Poulter N, Raitakari OT, Reiner AP, Renström F, Rice TK, Rich SS, Robinson JG, Rose LM, Rosendaal FR, Rudan I, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Scott WR, Sever P, Shi Y, Sidney S, Sims M, Smith JA, Snieder H, Starr JM, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Tan NYQ, Tang H, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Tham YC, Tiemeier H, Turner ST, Uitterlinden AG, van Heemst D, Waldenberger M, Wang H, Wang L, Wang L, Wei WB, Williams CA, Wilson G, Wojczynski MK, Yao J, Young K, Yu C, Yuan JM, Zhou J, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Boehnke M, Bowden DW, Chambers JC, Cooper RS, de Faire U, Deary IJ, Elliott P, Esko T, Farrall M, Franks PW, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Horta BL, Juang JMJ, Kamatani Y, Kammerer CM, Kato N, Kooner JS, Laakso M, Laurie CC, Lee IT, Lehtimäki T, Magnusson PKE, Oldehinkel AJ, Penninx BWJH, Pereira AC, Rauramaa R, Redline S, Samani NJ, Scott J, Shu XO, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wang JS, Wang YX, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Weir DR, Wickremasinghe AR, Wu T, Zeggini E, Zheng W, Bouchard C, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Kardia SLR, Liu Y, Psaty BM, Ridker PM, van Dam RM, Mook-Kanamori DO, Fornage M, Province MA, Kelly TN, Fox ER, Hayward C, van Duijn CM, Tai ES, Wong TY, Loos RJF, Franceschini N, Rotter JI, Zhu X, Bierut LJ, Gauderman WJ, Rice K, Munroe PB, Morrison AC, Rao DC, Rotimi CN, Cupples LA. Multi-ancestry genome-wide gene-smoking interaction study of 387,272 individuals identifies new loci associated with serum lipids. Nat Genet 2019; 51:636-648. [PMID: 30926973 PMCID: PMC6467258 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0378-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of high- and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides are influenced by smoking, but it is unknown whether genetic associations with lipids may be modified by smoking. We conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide gene-smoking interaction study in 133,805 individuals with follow-up in an additional 253,467 individuals. Combined meta-analyses identified 13 new loci associated with lipids, some of which were detected only because association differed by smoking status. Additionally, we demonstrate the importance of including diverse populations, particularly in studies of interactions with lifestyle factors, where genomic and lifestyle differences by ancestry may contribute to novel findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Yun J Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elise Lim
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xuan Deng
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jingmin Liu
- Women's Health Initiative Clinical Coordinating Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Academic Medicine Research Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jenna Baker
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique, et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Center on Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yanick Hagemeijer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Andrea R V R Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health, Exercise, and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jian'an Luan
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maik Pietzner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bram Prins
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - M Abdullah Said
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alena Stancáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Peter J van der Most
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tzung-Dau Wang
- Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Population Quantitative and Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Erin B Ware
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- SKLORG and Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Saima Afaq
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zorayr Arzumanyan
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christie Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Houston Methodist Debakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Graham Barr
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Morris Brown
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Academic Medicine Research Institute, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Danish Aging Research Center, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
| | - John M Connell
- Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - H Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Paul S de Vries
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayo Doumatey
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ruben N Eppinga
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James S Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Terrence Forrester
- UWI Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sina A Gharib
- Computational Medicine Core, Center for Lung Biology, UW Medicine Sleep Center, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - James E Hixson
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Hebrew SeniorLife, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Craig Johnson
- Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ivana Kolcic
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jose E Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health, Exercise, and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Molecular Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jingjing Liang
- Department of Population Quantitative and Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shiow Lin
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiang Liu
- Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marie Loh
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna Luzzi
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ani W Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alison D Murray
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Health), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - George J Papanicolau
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital 'Sveti Ivan', Zagreb, Croatia
- Gen-info, Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neil Poulter
- School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jennifer G Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William R Scott
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Molecular Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Peter Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heather M Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas Y Q Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Christine A Williams
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kristin Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Caizheng Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- OCDEM, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jyh-Ming Jimmy Juang
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Candace M Kammerer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - I-Te Lee
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health, Exercise, and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jun-Sing Wang
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population Quantitative and Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - W James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Kraja AT, Liu C, Fetterman JL, Graff M, Have CT, Gu C, Yanek LR, Feitosa MF, Arking DE, Chasman DI, Young K, Ligthart S, Hill WD, Weiss S, Luan J, Giulianini F, Li-Gao R, Hartwig FP, Lin SJ, Wang L, Richardson TG, Yao J, Fernandez EP, Ghanbari M, Wojczynski MK, Lee WJ, Argos M, Armasu SM, Barve RA, Ryan KA, An P, Baranski TJ, Bielinski SJ, Bowden DW, Broeckel U, Christensen K, Chu AY, Corley J, Cox SR, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, Cropp CD, Daw EW, van Heemst D, de Las Fuentes L, Gao H, Tzoulaki I, Ahluwalia TS, de Mutsert R, Emery LS, Erzurumluoglu AM, Perry JA, Fu M, Forouhi NG, Gu Z, Hai Y, Harris SE, Hemani G, Hunt SC, Irvin MR, Jonsson AE, Justice AE, Kerrison ND, Larson NB, Lin KH, Love-Gregory LD, Mathias RA, Lee JH, Nauck M, Noordam R, Ong KK, Pankow J, Patki A, Pattie A, Petersmann A, Qi Q, Ribel-Madsen R, Rohde R, Sandow K, Schnurr TM, Sofer T, Starr JM, Taylor AM, Teumer A, Timpson NJ, de Haan HG, Wang Y, Weeke PE, Williams C, Wu H, Yang W, Zeng D, Witte DR, Weir BS, Wareham NJ, Vestergaard H, Turner ST, Torp-Pedersen C, Stergiakouli E, Sheu WHH, Rosendaal FR, Ikram MA, Franco OH, Ridker PM, Perls TT, Pedersen O, Nohr EA, Newman AB, Linneberg A, Langenberg C, Kilpeläinen TO, Kardia SLR, Jørgensen ME, Jørgensen T, Sørensen TIA, Homuth G, Hansen T, Goodarzi MO, Deary IJ, Christensen C, Chen YDI, Chakravarti A, Brandslund I, Bonnelykke K, Taylor KD, Wilson JG, Rodriguez S, Davies G, Horta BL, Thyagarajan B, Rao DC, Grarup N, Davila-Roman VG, Hudson G, Guo X, Arnett DK, Hayward C, Vaidya D, Mook-Kanamori DO, Tiwari HK, Levy D, Loos RJF, Dehghan A, Elliott P, Malik AN, Scott RA, Becker DM, de Andrade M, Province MA, Meigs JB, Rotter JI, North KE. Associations of Mitochondrial and Nuclear Mitochondrial Variants and Genes with Seven Metabolic Traits. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:112-138. [PMID: 30595373 PMCID: PMC6323610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria (MT), the major site of cellular energy production, are under dual genetic control by 37 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes and numerous nuclear genes (MT-nDNA). In the CHARGEmtDNA+ Consortium, we studied genetic associations of mtDNA and MT-nDNA associations with body mass index (BMI), waist-hip-ratio (WHR), glucose, insulin, HOMA-B, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c. This 45-cohort collaboration comprised 70,775 (insulin) to 170,202 (BMI) pan-ancestry individuals. Validation and imputation of mtDNA variants was followed by single-variant and gene-based association testing. We report two significant common variants, one in MT-ATP6 associated (p ≤ 5E-04) with WHR and one in the D-loop with glucose. Five rare variants in MT-ATP6, MT-ND5, and MT-ND6 associated with BMI, WHR, or insulin. Gene-based meta-analysis identified MT-ND3 associated with BMI (p ≤ 1E-03). We considered 2,282 MT-nDNA candidate gene associations compiled from online summary results for our traits (20 unique studies with 31 dataset consortia's genome-wide associations [GWASs]). Of these, 109 genes associated (p ≤ 1E-06) with at least 1 of our 7 traits. We assessed regulatory features of variants in the 109 genes, cis- and trans-gene expression regulation, and performed enrichment and protein-protein interactions analyses. Of the identified mtDNA and MT-nDNA genes, 79 associated with adipose measures, 49 with glucose/insulin, 13 with risk for type 2 diabetes, and 18 with cardiovascular disease, indicating for pleiotropic effects with health implications. Additionally, 21 genes related to cholesterol, suggesting additional important roles for the genes identified. Our results suggest that mtDNA and MT-nDNA genes and variants reported make important contributions to glucose and insulin metabolism, adipocyte regulation, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jessica L Fetterman
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Christian Theil Have
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kristin Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands
| | - W David Hill
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96020-220, Brazil; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Shiow J Lin
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tom G Richardson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Eliana P Fernandez
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Maria Argos
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sebastian M Armasu
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ruteja A Barve
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Thomas J Baranski
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Suzette J Bielinski
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45206, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Janie Corley
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cheryl D Cropp
- Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Birmingham, Alabama, Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ 35229, USA
| | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - He Gao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | | | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Leslie S Emery
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - James A Perry
- School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mao Fu
- School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Zhenglong Gu
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yang Hai
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Gibran Hemani
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Anna E Jonsson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA; Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Nicola D Kerrison
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nicholas B Larson
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Latisha D Love-Gregory
- Genomics & Pathology Services, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; GeneSTAR Research Program, Divisions of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - James Pankow
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Amit Patki
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Alison Pattie
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Astrid Petersmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rasmus Ribel-Madsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Kevin Sandow
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Theresia M Schnurr
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Hugoline G de Haan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Peter E Weeke
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Christine Williams
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hongsheng Wu
- Computer Science and Networking, Wentworth Institute of Technology, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Denmark, Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Bruce S Weir
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2820, Denmark
| | - Stephen T Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Christian Torp-Pedersen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Evie Stergiakouli
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CE, the Netherlands; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas T Perls
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Ellen A Nohr
- Research Unit for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; The Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen 2000, Denmark
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Torben Jørgensen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup 2600, Denmark; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1014, Denmark; Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9100, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (Section of Metabolic Genetics) and Department of Public Health (Section on Epidemiology), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200N, Denmark
| | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University of Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Cramer Christensen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Vejle Lillebaelt Hospital, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ivan Brandslund
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Vejle Hospital, 7100 Vejle, Denmark; Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bonnelykke
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte & Naestved 2820, Denmark; Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Santiago Rodriguez
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Gail Davies
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Bernardo L Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96020-220, Brazil
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - D C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Victor G Davila-Roman
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gavin Hudson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- University of Kentucky, College of Public Health, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hemant K Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA; The Population Sciences Branch, NHLBI/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Genetics of Obesity and Related Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Afshan N Malik
- King's College London, Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London SE1 1NN, UK
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Boston, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed and Department of Pediatrics, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA.
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Ward-Caviness CK, de Vries PS, Wiggins KL, Huffman JE, Yanek LR, Bielak LF, Giulianini F, Guo X, Kleber ME, Kacprowski T, Groß S, Petersman A, Davey Smith G, Hartwig FP, Bowden J, Hemani G, Müller-Nuraysid M, Strauch K, Koenig W, Waldenberger M, Meitinger T, Pankratz N, Boerwinkle E, Tang W, Fu YP, Johnson AD, Song C, de Maat MPM, Uitterlinden AG, Franco OH, Brody JA, McKnight B, Chen YDI, Psaty BM, Mathias RA, Becker DM, Peyser PA, Smith JA, Bielinski SJ, Ridker PM, Taylor KD, Yao J, Tracy R, Delgado G, Trompet S, Sattar N, Jukema JW, Becker LC, Kardia SLR, Rotter JI, März W, Dörr M, Chasman DI, Dehghan A, O’Donnell CJ, Smith NL, Peters A, Morrison AC. Mendelian randomization evaluation of causal effects of fibrinogen on incident coronary heart disease. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216222. [PMID: 31075152 PMCID: PMC6510421 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrinogen is an essential hemostatic factor and cardiovascular disease risk factor. Early attempts at evaluating the causal effect of fibrinogen on coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infraction (MI) using Mendelian randomization (MR) used single variant approaches, and did not take advantage of recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) or multi-variant, pleiotropy robust MR methodologies. METHODS AND FINDINGS We evaluated evidence for a causal effect of fibrinogen on both CHD and MI using MR. We used both an allele score approach and pleiotropy robust MR models. The allele score was composed of 38 fibrinogen-associated variants from recent GWAS. Initial analyses using the allele score used a meta-analysis of 11 European-ancestry prospective cohorts, free of CHD and MI at baseline, to examine incidence CHD and MI. We also applied 2 sample MR methods with data from a prevalent CHD and MI GWAS. Results are given in terms of the hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR), depending on the study design, and associated 95% confidence interval (CI). In single variant analyses no causal effect of fibrinogen on CHD or MI was observed. In multi-variant analyses using incidence CHD cases and the allele score approach, the estimated causal effect (HR) of a 1 g/L higher fibrinogen concentration was 1.62 (CI = 1.12, 2.36) when using incident cases and the allele score approach. In 2 sample MR analyses that accounted for pleiotropy, the causal estimate (OR) was reduced to 1.18 (CI = 0.98, 1.42) and 1.09 (CI = 0.89, 1.33) in the 2 most precise (smallest CI) models, out of 4 models evaluated. In the 2 sample MR analyses for MI, there was only very weak evidence of a causal effect in only 1 out of 4 models. CONCLUSIONS A small causal effect of fibrinogen on CHD is observed using multi-variant MR approaches which account for pleiotropy, but not single variant MR approaches. Taken together, results indicate that even with large sample sizes and multi-variant approaches MR analyses still cannot exclude the null when estimating the causal effect of fibrinogen on CHD, but that any potential causal effect is likely to be much smaller than observed in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cavin K. Ward-Caviness
- Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Paul S. de Vries
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America
| | - Kerri L. Wiggins
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jennifer E. Huffman
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Marcus E. Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Griefswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Research Group Computational Systems Medicine, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Stefan Groß
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Astrid Petersman
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Medicine Griefswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald, Germany
| | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando P. Hartwig
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Jack Bowden
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Gibran Hemani
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Müller-Nuraysid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, United States of America
| | - Weihong Tang
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Yi-Ping Fu
- Office of Biostatistics Research, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
| | - Ci Song
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
| | - Moniek P. M. de Maat
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CND, Netherlands
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CN, Netherlands
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer A. Brody
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Diane M. Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Suzette J. Bielinski
- Department of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Ridker
- Division of Preventative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Russell Tracy
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Vermont College of Medicine, Col Research Facility, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, CND, Netherlands
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lewis C. Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. O’Donnell
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- Cardiology Section Administration, Boston VA Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, United States of America
| | - Nicholas L. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Health Sciences Bldg, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Department of Veteran Affairs Office of Research and Development, Columbian Way, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Annette Peters
- Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States of America
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Al-Sofiani ME, Yanek LR, Faraday N, Kral BG, Mathias R, Becker LC, Becker DM, Vaidya D, Kalyani RR. Diabetes and Platelet Response to Low-Dose Aspirin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:4599-4608. [PMID: 30265320 PMCID: PMC6232753 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Previous studies have suggested less cardioprotective benefit of aspirin in adults with diabetes, raising concerns about "aspirin resistance" and potentially reduced effectiveness for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). OBJECTIVE To examine differences in platelet response to aspirin by diabetes status. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS We examined platelet response before and after aspirin (81 mg/day for 14 days) in 2113 adults (175 with diabetes, 1,938 without diabetes), in the Genetic Study of Aspirin Responsiveness cohort, who had family history of early-onset CVD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In vivo platelet activation (urinary thromboxane B2), in vitro platelet aggregation to agonists (arachidonic acid, adenosine diphosphate, collagen), and platelet function analyzer-100 closure time. RESULTS Although adults with diabetes had higher in vivo platelet activation before aspirin, the reduction in in vivo platelet activation after aspirin was similar in those with vs without diabetes. Likewise, the reduction in multiple in vitro platelet measures was similar after aspirin by diabetes status. In regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, race, BMI, smoking, platelet counts, and fibrinogen levels, in vivo platelet activation remained higher in adults with vs without diabetes after aspirin (P = 0.04), but this difference was attenuated after additional adjustment for preaspirin levels (P = 0.10). No differences by diabetes status were noted for any of the in vitro platelet measures after aspirin in fully adjusted models that also accounted for preaspirin levels. CONCLUSIONS In vitro platelet response to aspirin does not differ by diabetes status, suggesting no intrinsic differences in platelet response to aspirin. Instead, factors extrinsic to platelet function should be investigated to give further insights into aspirin use for primary prevention in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed E Al-Sofiani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Endocrinology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nauder Faraday
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brian G Kral
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rasika Mathias
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Diane M Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Rita R. Kalyani, MD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, Maryland 21287. E-mail:
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Ligthart S, Vaez A, Võsa U, Stathopoulou MG, de Vries PS, Prins BP, Van der Most PJ, Tanaka T, Naderi E, Rose LM, Wu Y, Karlsson R, Barbalic M, Lin H, Pool R, Zhu G, Macé A, Sidore C, Trompet S, Mangino M, Sabater-Lleal M, Kemp JP, Abbasi A, Kacprowski T, Verweij N, Smith AV, Huang T, Marzi C, Feitosa MF, Lohman KK, Kleber ME, Milaneschi Y, Mueller C, Huq M, Vlachopoulou E, Lyytikäinen LP, Oldmeadow C, Deelen J, Perola M, Zhao JH, Feenstra B, Amini M, Lahti J, Schraut KE, Fornage M, Suktitipat B, Chen WM, Li X, Nutile T, Malerba G, Luan J, Bak T, Schork N, Del Greco M F, Thiering E, Mahajan A, Marioni RE, Mihailov E, Eriksson J, Ozel AB, Zhang W, Nethander M, Cheng YC, Aslibekyan S, Ang W, Gandin I, Yengo L, Portas L, Kooperberg C, Hofer E, Rajan KB, Schurmann C, den Hollander W, Ahluwalia TS, Zhao J, Draisma HHM, Ford I, Timpson N, Teumer A, Huang H, Wahl S, Liu Y, Huang J, Uh HW, Geller F, Joshi PK, Yanek LR, Trabetti E, Lehne B, Vozzi D, Verbanck M, Biino G, Saba Y, Meulenbelt I, O'Connell JR, Laakso M, Giulianini F, Magnusson PKE, Ballantyne CM, Hottenga JJ, Montgomery GW, Rivadineira F, Rueedi R, Steri M, Herzig KH, Stott DJ, Menni C, Frånberg M, St Pourcain B, Felix SB, Pers TH, Bakker SJL, Kraft P, Peters A, Vaidya D, Delgado G, Smit JH, Großmann V, Sinisalo J, Seppälä I, Williams SR, Holliday EG, Moed M, Langenberg C, Räikkönen K, Ding J, Campbell H, Sale MM, Chen YDI, James AL, Ruggiero D, Soranzo N, Hartman CA, Smith EN, Berenson GS, Fuchsberger C, Hernandez D, Tiesler CMT, Giedraitis V, Liewald D, Fischer K, Mellström D, Larsson A, Wang Y, Scott WR, Lorentzon M, Beilby J, Ryan KA, Pennell CE, Vuckovic D, Balkau B, Concas MP, Schmidt R, Mendes de Leon CF, Bottinger EP, Kloppenburg M, Paternoster L, Boehnke M, Musk AW, Willemsen G, Evans DM, Madden PAF, Kähönen M, Kutalik Z, Zoledziewska M, Karhunen V, Kritchevsky SB, Sattar N, Lachance G, Clarke R, Harris TB, Raitakari OT, Attia JR, van Heemst D, Kajantie E, Sorice R, Gambaro G, Scott RA, Hicks AA, Ferrucci L, Standl M, Lindgren CM, Starr JM, Karlsson M, Lind L, Li JZ, Chambers JC, Mori TA, de Geus EJCN, Heath AC, Martin NG, Auvinen J, Buckley BM, de Craen AJM, Waldenberger M, Strauch K, Meitinger T, Scott RJ, McEvoy M, Beekman M, Bombieri C, Ridker PM, Mohlke KL, Pedersen NL, Morrison AC, Boomsma DI, Whitfield JB, Strachan DP, Hofman A, Vollenweider P, Cucca F, Jarvelin MR, Jukema JW, Spector TD, Hamsten A, Zeller T, Uitterlinden AG, Nauck M, Gudnason V, Qi L, Grallert H, Borecki IB, Rotter JI, März W, Wild PS, Lokki ML, Boyle M, Salomaa V, Melbye M, Eriksson JG, Wilson JF, Penninx BWJH, Becker DM, Worrall BB, Gibson G, Krauss RM, Ciullo M, Zaza G, Wareham NJ, Oldehinkel AJ, Palmer LJ, Murray SS, Pramstaller PP, Bandinelli S, Heinrich J, Ingelsson E, Deary IJ, Mägi R, Vandenput L, van der Harst P, Desch KC, Kooner JS, Ohlsson C, Hayward C, Lehtimäki T, Shuldiner AR, Arnett DK, Beilin LJ, Robino A, Froguel P, Pirastu M, Jess T, Koenig W, Loos RJF, Evans DA, Schmidt H, Smith GD, Slagboom PE, Eiriksdottir G, Morris AP, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Nolte IM, Boerwinkle E, Visvikis-Siest S, Reiner AP, Gross M, Bis JC, Franke L, Franco OH, Benjamin EJ, Chasman DI, Dupuis J, Snieder H, Dehghan A, Alizadeh BZ. Genome Analyses of >200,000 Individuals Identify 58 Loci for Chronic Inflammation and Highlight Pathways that Link Inflammation and Complex Disorders. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 103:691-706. [PMID: 30388399 PMCID: PMC6218410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker of chronic low-grade inflammation and is associated with multiple complex diseases. The genetic determinants of chronic inflammation remain largely unknown, and the causal role of CRP in several clinical outcomes is debated. We performed two genome-wide association studies (GWASs), on HapMap and 1000 Genomes imputed data, of circulating amounts of CRP by using data from 88 studies comprising 204,402 European individuals. Additionally, we performed in silico functional analyses and Mendelian randomization analyses with several clinical outcomes. The GWAS meta-analyses of CRP revealed 58 distinct genetic loci (p < 5 × 10-8). After adjustment for body mass index in the regression analysis, the associations at all except three loci remained. The lead variants at the distinct loci explained up to 7.0% of the variance in circulating amounts of CRP. We identified 66 gene sets that were organized in two substantially correlated clusters, one mainly composed of immune pathways and the other characterized by metabolic pathways in the liver. Mendelian randomization analyses revealed a causal protective effect of CRP on schizophrenia and a risk-increasing effect on bipolar disorder. Our findings provide further insights into the biology of inflammation and could lead to interventions for treating inflammation and its clinical consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Department of Bioinformatics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Urmo Võsa
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | | | - Paul S de Vries
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bram P Prins
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Peter J Van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Elnaz Naderi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Maja Barbalic
- University of Split School of Medicine, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - René Pool
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands
| | - Gu Zhu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Aurélien Macé
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Sidore
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sardinia 08045, Italy
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Unit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona 08025, Spain; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | - John P Kemp
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Ali Abbasi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Niek Verweij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen 9713 AV, the Netherlands
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carola Marzi
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108-2212, USA
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest Research & Innovation, Amsterdam 1081 HJ, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Mueller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg 20246, Germany; Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site RhineMain, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mahmudul Huq
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Efthymia Vlachopoulou
- Transplantation Laboratory, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33014, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Joris Deelen
- Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Markus Perola
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Jari Lahti
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki 00250, Finland
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health and Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bhoom Suktitipat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tom Bak
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas Schork
- Human Biology, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Quantitative Medicine, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Fabiola Del Greco M
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Evelin Mihailov
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Joel Eriksson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden
| | - Ayse Bilge Ozel
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5618, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Maria Nethander
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 90, Sweden
| | - Yu-Ching Cheng
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA
| | - Wei Ang
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | | | - Loïc Yengo
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8199, University of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, FR 3508, 59000 Lille, France; Program in Complex Trait Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Laura Portas
- Support OU, Institute of Genetic and Biomedic Research, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sassari 7100, Italy
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Public Health Sciences Division, Mail Stop M3-A410, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz 8036, Austria; Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Kumar B Rajan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Wouter den Hollander
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bio-informatics, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte 2820, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Jing Zhao
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Harmen H M Draisma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands; Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Nicholas Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Department SHIP-KEF, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Simone Wahl
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - YongMei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Jie Huang
- Boston VA Research Institute, Inc., Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Hae-Won Uh
- Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Geller
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Elisabetta Trabetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Diego Vozzi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste 34140, Italy
| | - Marie Verbanck
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8199, University of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, FR 3508, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Institute for Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bio-informatics, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Jeff R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Christie M Ballantyne
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jouke Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Fernando Rivadineira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, the Netherlands
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Maristella Steri
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sardinia 08045, Italy
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu 90014, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-512, Poland
| | - David J Stott
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Mattias Frånberg
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden; Department of Numerical Analysis and Computer Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm 100 44, Sweden
| | - Beate St Pourcain
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; Donders Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen 6525 XD, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan B Felix
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Department for Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Tune H Pers
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 GZ, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherber 85764, Germany
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- GeneSTAR Research Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Johannes H Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest Research & Innovation, Amsterdam 1081 HJ, the Netherlands
| | - Vera Großmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki 00029, Finland
| | - Ilkka Seppälä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33014, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland
| | - Stephen R Williams
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Matthijs Moed
- Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine/Geriatrics, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Michele M Sale
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Yii-Der I Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Alan L James
- Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli 80131, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Erin N Smith
- Department of Pediatrics and Rady Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gerald S Berenson
- Center for Cardiovascular Health, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Carla M T Tiesler
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala 752 37, Sweden
| | - David Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Dan Mellström
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 41, Sweden
| | - Yunmei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - William R Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Matthias Lorentzon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden; Geriatric Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal 431 80, Sweden
| | - John Beilby
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kathleen A Ryan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Craig E Pennell
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Dragana Vuckovic
- Medical Sciences, Surgical and Health Department, University of Trieste, Trieste 34137, Italy
| | - Beverly Balkau
- INSERM U1018, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, Team 5 (EpReC, Renal, and Cardiovascular Epidemiology), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif 94807, France
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste 34140, Italy
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Carlos F Mendes de Leon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Margreet Kloppenburg
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - A W Musk
- Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands
| | - David M Evans
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Pamela A F Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4560 Clayton Ave., Suite 1000, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Zoledziewska
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sardinia 08045, Italy
| | - Ville Karhunen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Sticht Center on Aging and Rehabilitation, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Genevieve Lachance
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Robert Clarke
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20520, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - John R Attia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NWS 2305, Australia
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Chronic Disease Prevention Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu 90014, Finland
| | - Rossella Sorice
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Columbus-Gemelli University Hospital, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 168, Italy
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrew A Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano 39100, Italy
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Cecilia M Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Alzheimer's Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Magnus Karlsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Orthopaedic Surgery, Lund University, Malmo 20502, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 41, Sweden
| | - Jun Z Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5618, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Trevor A Mori
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Eco J C N de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4560 Clayton Ave., Suite 1000, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulun yliopisto, Finland; Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu 90220, Finland
| | - Brendan M Buckley
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Anton J M de Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich 85764, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Information-Based Medicine Stream, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Mark McEvoy
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambon Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Marian Beekman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | - Cristina Bombieri
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam 1081 BT, the Netherlands
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St. George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sardinia 08045, Italy
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu 90220, Finland; Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulun yliopisto, Finland; Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu 90220, Finland; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, UK
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam 3501 DG, the Netherlands; Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht 3511 EP, the Netherlands
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg 20246, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site RhineMain, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, the Netherlands
| | - Matthias Nauck
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Analytical Genetics Group, Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany; Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim 68161, Germany; Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Philipp S Wild
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site RhineMain, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany; Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Marja-Liisa Lokki
- Transplantation Laboratory, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Michael Boyle
- John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NWS 2305, Australia
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2300, Denmark; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki 00250, Finland; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest Research & Innovation, Amsterdam 1081 HJ, the Netherlands
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Bradford B Worrall
- Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia Charlottesville, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0394, USA
| | - Greg Gibson
- Center for Integrative Genomics, School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Ronald M Krauss
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli 80131, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS) 86077, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Zaza
- Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, Verona 37126, Italy
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Lyle J Palmer
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sarah S Murray
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano 39100, Italy; General Central Hospital, Department of Neurology, Bolzano 39100, Italy; Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23538, Germany
| | | | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Member DZL, German Center for Lung Research, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 41, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen 9713 AV, the Netherlands
| | - Karl C Desch
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W12 0HS, UK; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33014, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- University of Kentucky, College of Public Health, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Lawrence J Beilin
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste 34140, Italy
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8199, University of Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, FR 3508, 59000 Lille, France; Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Support OU, Institute of Genetic and Biomedic Research, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Sassari 7100, Italy
| | - Tine Jess
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg 2200, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80636 Munich, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, 80801 Ulm, Germany; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6542, USA
| | - Denis A Evans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333 ZC, the Netherlands
| | | | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7660, USA; Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT 05405, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Alex P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3000 CA, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Behrooz Z Alizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
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Feitosa MF, Kraja AT, Chasman DI, Sung YJ, Winkler TW, Ntalla I, Guo X, Franceschini N, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Marten J, Musani SK, Li C, Bentley AR, Brown MR, Schwander K, Richard MA, Noordam R, Aschard H, Bartz TM, Bielak LF, Dorajoo R, Fisher V, Hartwig FP, Horimoto ARVR, Lohman KK, Manning AK, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Wojczynski MK, Alver M, Boissel M, Cai Q, Campbell A, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Gao C, Goel A, Hagemeijer Y, Harris SE, He M, Hsu FC, Jackson AU, Kähönen M, Kasturiratne A, Komulainen P, Kühnel B, Laguzzi F, Luan J, Matoba N, Nolte IM, Padmanabhan S, Riaz M, Rueedi R, Robino A, Said MA, Scott RA, Sofer T, Stančáková A, Takeuchi F, Tayo BO, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Vitart V, Wang Y, Ware EB, Warren HR, Weiss S, Wen W, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Afaq S, Amin N, Amini M, Arking DE, Aung T, Boerwinkle E, Borecki I, Broeckel U, Brown M, Brumat M, Burke GL, Canouil M, Chakravarti A, Charumathi S, Ida Chen YD, Connell JM, Correa A, de las Fuentes L, de Mutsert R, de Silva HJ, Deng X, Ding J, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Ehret G, Eppinga RN, Evangelou E, Faul JD, Felix SB, Forouhi NG, Forrester T, Franco OH, Friedlander Y, Gandin I, Gao H, Ghanbari M, Gigante B, Gu CC, Gu D, Hagenaars SP, Hallmans G, Harris TB, He J, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hirata M, Howard BV, Ikram MA, John U, Katsuya T, Khor CC, Kilpeläinen TO, Koh WP, Krieger JE, Kritchevsky SB, Kubo M, Kuusisto J, Lakka TA, Langefeld CD, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lewis CE, Li Y, Lin S, Liu J, Liu J, Loh M, Louie T, Mägi R, McKenzie CA, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milaneschi Y, Milani L, Mohlke KL, Momozawa Y, Nalls MA, Nelson CP, Sotoodehnia N, Norris JM, O'Connell JR, Palmer ND, Perls T, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Peyser PA, Poulter N, Raffel LJ, Raitakari OT, Roll K, Rose LM, Rosendaal FR, Rotter JI, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Schupf N, Scott WR, Sever PS, Shi Y, Sidney S, Sims M, Sitlani CM, Smith JA, Snieder H, Starr JM, Strauch K, Stringham HM, Tan NYQ, Tang H, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Tham YC, Turner ST, Uitterlinden AG, Vollenweider P, Waldenberger M, Wang L, Wang YX, Wei WB, Williams C, Yao J, Yu C, Yuan JM, Zhao W, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Boehnke M, Bowden DW, Chambers JC, Deary IJ, Esko T, Farrall M, Franks PW, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Jonas JB, Kamatani Y, Kato N, Kooner JS, Kutalik Z, Laakso M, Laurie CC, Leander K, Lehtimäki T, Study LC, Magnusson PKE, Oldehinkel AJ, Penninx BWJH, Polasek O, Porteous DJ, Rauramaa R, Samani NJ, Scott J, Shu XO, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Weir DR, Wickremasinghe AR, Wu T, Zheng W, Bouchard C, Christensen K, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Horta BL, Kardia SLR, Liu Y, Pereira AC, Psaty BM, Ridker PM, van Dam RM, Gauderman WJ, Zhu X, Mook-Kanamori DO, Fornage M, Rotimi CN, Cupples LA, Kelly TN, Fox ER, Hayward C, van Duijn CM, Tai ES, Wong TY, Kooperberg C, Palmas W, Rice K, Morrison AC, Elliott P, Caulfield MJ, Munroe PB, Rao DC, Province MA, Levy D. Novel genetic associations for blood pressure identified via gene-alcohol interaction in up to 570K individuals across multiple ancestries. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198166. [PMID: 29912962 PMCID: PMC6005576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for hypertension; the mechanism by which alcohol consumption impact blood pressure (BP) regulation remains unknown. We hypothesized that a genome-wide association study accounting for gene-alcohol consumption interaction for BP might identify additional BP loci and contribute to the understanding of alcohol-related BP regulation. We conducted a large two-stage investigation incorporating joint testing of main genetic effects and single nucleotide variant (SNV)-alcohol consumption interactions. In Stage 1, genome-wide discovery meta-analyses in ≈131K individuals across several ancestry groups yielded 3,514 SNVs (245 loci) with suggestive evidence of association (P < 1.0 x 10-5). In Stage 2, these SNVs were tested for independent external replication in ≈440K individuals across multiple ancestries. We identified and replicated (at Bonferroni correction threshold) five novel BP loci (380 SNVs in 21 genes) and 49 previously reported BP loci (2,159 SNVs in 109 genes) in European ancestry, and in multi-ancestry meta-analyses (P < 5.0 x 10-8). For African ancestry samples, we detected 18 potentially novel BP loci (P < 5.0 x 10-8) in Stage 1 that warrant further replication. Additionally, correlated meta-analysis identified eight novel BP loci (11 genes). Several genes in these loci (e.g., PINX1, GATA4, BLK, FTO and GABBR2) have been previously reported to be associated with alcohol consumption. These findings provide insights into the role of alcohol consumption in the genetic architecture of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F. Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Aldi T. Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yun J. Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Thomas W. Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gilling School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Solomon K. Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Changwei Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Amy R. Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Brown
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Melissa A. Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Centre de Bioinformatique, Biostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Traci M. Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lawrence F. Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Virginia Fisher
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Fernando P. Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea R. V. R. Horimoto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kurt K. Lohman
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alisa K. Manning
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Salman M. Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mary K. Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Chuan Gao
- Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Yanick Hagemeijer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E. Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Rico Rueedi
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Instititute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - M. Abdullah Said
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A. Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bamidele O. Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Peter J. van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tibor V. Varga
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Erin B. Ware
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Helen R. Warren
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional genomics, University Medicine Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifsald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Saima Afaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E. Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ingrid Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Morris Brown
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Brumat
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gregory L. Burke
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - John M. Connell
- Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Lisa de las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H. Janaka de Silva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka
| | - Xuan Deng
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jingzhong Ding
- Center on Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Charles B. Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Georg Ehret
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ruben N. Eppinga
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Jessica D. Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Stephan B. Felix
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nita G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Terrence Forrester
- The Caribbean Institute for Health Research (CAIHR), University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C. Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Saskia P. Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten, Sweden
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jiang He
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat–National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Barbara V. Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland, United States of America
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences and Department of Medicine, Georgetown-Howard Universities, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ulrich John
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Social Medicine and Prevention, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - José E. Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A. Lakka
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carl D. Langefeld
- Biostatistical Sciences, Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cora E. Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Shiow Lin
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jingmin Liu
- WHI CCC, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Colin A. McKenzie
- The Caribbean Institute for Health Research (CAIHR), University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mike A. Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, Maryland, United States of America
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Christopher P. Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jill M. Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jeff R. O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nicholette D. Palmer
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Thomas Perls
- Geriatrics Section, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia A. Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Neil Poulter
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leslie J. Raffel
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kathryn Roll
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Lynda M. Rose
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Frits R. Rosendaal
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Carsten O. Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pamela J. Schreiner
- Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - William R. Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter S. Sever
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Shi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John M. Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Y. Q. Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen T. Turner
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Service of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Christine Williams
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jie Yao
- Genomic Outcomes, Pediatrics, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - Caizheng Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Diane M. Becker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Donald W. Bowden
- Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Barry I. Freedman
- Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jost Bruno Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany, Germany
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, United Kingdom
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Swiss Instititute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Cathy C. Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Karin Leander
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center—Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Patrik K. E. Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
- Psychiatric Hospital "Sveti Ivan", Zagreb, Croatia
- Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David J. Porteous
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lynne E. Wagenknecht
- Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - David R. Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | | | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Aging Research Center, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bernardo L. Horta
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences, Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alexandre C. Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Kaiser Permanente Washington, Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Ridker
- Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rob M. van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W. James Gauderman
- Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori
- Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Charles N. Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tanika N. Kelly
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Ervin R. Fox
- Cardiology, Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Walter Palmas
- Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Paul Elliott
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J. Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia B. Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dabeeru C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Kral BG, Becker DM, Yanek LR, Vaidya D, Mathias RA, Becker LC, Kalyani RR. The relationship of family history and risk of type 2 diabetes differs by ancestry. Diabetes Metab 2018; 45:261-267. [PMID: 29875064 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in a first-degree relative is a risk factor for incident diabetes. Americans of African ancestry (AA) have higher rates of T2DM than Americans of European ancestry (EA). Thus, we aimed to determine whether the presence, number and kinship of affected relatives are associated with race-specific T2DM incidence in a prospective study of participants from the Genetic Study of Atherosclerosis Risk (GeneSTAR), who underwent baseline screening including a detailed family history. METHODS Nondiabetic healthy siblings (n=1405) of patients with early-onset coronary artery disease (18-59 years) were enrolled (861 EA and 544 AA) and followed for incident T2DM (mean 14±6 years). RESULTS Baseline age was 46.2±7.3 years and 56% were female. T2DM occurred in 12.3% of EA and 19.1% of AA. Among EA, 32.6% had ≥1 affected first-degree relatives versus 53.1% in AA, P<0.0001. In fully adjusted Cox proportional hazard analyses, any family history was related to incident T2DM in EA (HR=2.53, 95% CI: 1.58-4.06) but not in AA (HR=1.01, 0.67-1.53). The number of affected relatives conferred incremental risk of T2DM in EA with HR=1.82 (1.08-3.06), 4.83 (2.15-10.85) and 8.46 (3.09-23.91) for 1, 2, and ≥3 affected, respectively. In AA only ≥3 affected increased risk (HR=2.45, 1.44-4.19). Specific kinship patterns were associated with incident T2DM in EA but not in AA. CONCLUSIONS The presence of any first-degree relative with T2DM does not discriminate risk in AA given the high race-specific prevalence of diabetes. Accounting for the number of affected relatives may more appropriately estimate risk for incident diabetes in both races.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian G Kral
- The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830, East Monument Street, Room 8023, 21287 Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Diane M Becker
- The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830, East Monument Street, Room 8023, 21287 Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830, East Monument Street, Room 8023, 21287 Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830, East Monument Street, Room 8023, 21287 Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830, East Monument Street, Room 8023, 21287 Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830, East Monument Street, Room 8023, 21287 Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830, East Monument Street, Room 8023, 21287 Baltimore, MD, USA
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Liang J, Le TH, Velez Edwards DR, Tayo BO, Gaulton KJ, Smith JA, Lu Y, Jensen RA, Chen G, Yanek LR, Schwander K, Tajuddin SM, Sofer T, Kim W, Kayima J, McKenzie CA, Fox E, Nalls MA, Young JH, Sun YV, Lane JM, Cechova S, Zhou J, Tang H, Fornage M, Musani SK, Wang H, Lee J, Adeyemo A, Dreisbach AW, Forrester T, Chu PL, Cappola A, Evans MK, Morrison AC, Martin LW, Wiggins KL, Hui Q, Zhao W, Jackson RD, Ware EB, Faul JD, Reiner AP, Bray M, Denny JC, Mosley TH, Palmas W, Guo X, Papanicolaou GJ, Penman AD, Polak JF, Rice K, Taylor KD, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Liu K, Risch N, Hunt SC, Kooperberg C, Zonderman AB, Laurie CC, Becker DM, Cai J, Loos RJF, Psaty BM, Weir DR, Kardia SLR, Arnett DK, Won S, Edwards TL, Redline S, Cooper RS, Rao DC, Rotter JI, Rotimi C, Levy D, Chakravarti A, Zhu X, Franceschini N. Correction: Single-trait and multi-trait genome-wide association analyses identify novel loci for blood pressure in African-ancestry populations. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007345. [PMID: 29750786 PMCID: PMC5947884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Keramati AR, Yanek LR, Iyer K, Taub MA, Ruczinski I, Becker DM, Becker LC, Faraday N, Mathias RA. Targeted deep sequencing of the PEAR1 locus for platelet aggregation in European and African American families. Platelets 2018; 30:380-386. [PMID: 29553866 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1447659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The aggregation of activated platelets on a ruptured atherosclerotic plaque is a critical step in most acute cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction. Platelet aggregation both at baseline and after aspirin is highly heritable. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a common variant within the first intron of the platelet endothelial aggregation receptor1 (PEAR1), to be robustly associated with platelet aggregation. In this study, we used targeted deep sequencing to fine-map the prior GWAS peak and identify additional rare variants of PEAR1 that account for missing heritability in platelet aggregation within the GeneSTAR families. In this study, 1709 subjects (1043 European Americans, EA and 666 African Americans, AA) from families in the GeneSTAR study were included. In vitro platelet aggregation in response to collagen, ADP and epinephrine was measured at baseline and 14 days after aspirin therapy (81 mg/day). Targeted deep sequencing of PEAR1 in addition to 2kb of upstream and downstream of the gene was performed. Under an additive genetic model, the association of single variants of PEAR1 with platelet aggregation phenotypes were examined. Additionally, we examined the association between the burden of PEAR1 rare non-synonymous variants and platelet aggregation phenotypes. Of 532 variants identified through sequencing, the intron 1 variant, rs12041331, was significantly associated with all platelet aggregation phenotypes at baseline and after platelet inhibition with aspirin therapy. rs12566888, which is in linkage disequilibrium with rs12041331, was associated with platelet aggregation phenotypes but to a lesser extent. In the EA families, the burden of PEAR1 missense variants was associated with platelet aggregation after aspirin therapy when the platelets were stimulated with epinephrine (p = 0.0009) and collagen (p = 0.03). In AAs, the burden of PEAR1 missense variants was associated, to a lesser degree, with platelet aggregation in response to epinephrine (p = 0.02) and ADP (p = 0.04). Our study confirmed that the GWAS-identified variant, rs12041331, is the strongest variant associated with platelet aggregation both at baseline and after aspirin therapy in our GeneSTAR families in both races. We identified additional association of rare missense variants in PEAR1 with platelet aggregation following aspirin therapy. However, we observed a racial difference in the contribution of these rare variants to the platelet aggregation, most likely due to higher residual missing heritability of platelet aggregation after accounting for rs12041331 in the EAs compared to AAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali R Keramati
- a GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,b Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- a GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Kruthika Iyer
- a GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Margaret A Taub
- c Department of Biostatistics , Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- c Department of Biostatistics , Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- a GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- a GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,b Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Nauder Faraday
- a GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,d Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- a GeneSTAR Research Program Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.,e Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
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Sung YJ, Winkler TW, de Las Fuentes L, Bentley AR, Brown MR, Kraja AT, Schwander K, Ntalla I, Guo X, Franceschini N, Lu Y, Cheng CY, Sim X, Vojinovic D, Marten J, Musani SK, Li C, Feitosa MF, Kilpeläinen TO, Richard MA, Noordam R, Aslibekyan S, Aschard H, Bartz TM, Dorajoo R, Liu Y, Manning AK, Rankinen T, Smith AV, Tajuddin SM, Tayo BO, Warren HR, Zhao W, Zhou Y, Matoba N, Sofer T, Alver M, Amini M, Boissel M, Chai JF, Chen X, Divers J, Gandin I, Gao C, Giulianini F, Goel A, Harris SE, Hartwig FP, Horimoto ARVR, Hsu FC, Jackson AU, Kähönen M, Kasturiratne A, Kühnel B, Leander K, Lee WJ, Lin KH, 'an Luan J, McKenzie CA, Meian H, Nelson CP, Rauramaa R, Schupf N, Scott RA, Sheu WHH, Stančáková A, Takeuchi F, van der Most PJ, Varga TV, Wang H, Wang Y, Ware EB, Weiss S, Wen W, Yanek LR, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Afaq S, Alfred T, Amin N, Arking D, Aung T, Barr RG, Bielak LF, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Braund PS, Brody JA, Broeckel U, Cabrera CP, Cade B, Caizheng Y, Campbell A, Canouil M, Chakravarti A, Chauhan G, Christensen K, Cocca M, Collins FS, Connell JM, de Mutsert R, de Silva HJ, Debette S, Dörr M, Duan Q, Eaton CB, Ehret G, Evangelou E, Faul JD, Fisher VA, Forouhi NG, Franco OH, Friedlander Y, Gao H, Gigante B, Graff M, Gu CC, Gu D, Gupta P, Hagenaars SP, Harris TB, He J, Heikkinen S, Heng CK, Hirata M, Hofman A, Howard BV, Hunt S, Irvin MR, Jia Y, Joehanes R, Justice AE, Katsuya T, Kaufman J, Kerrison ND, Khor CC, Koh WP, Koistinen HA, Komulainen P, Kooperberg C, Krieger JE, Kubo M, Kuusisto J, Langefeld CD, Langenberg C, Launer LJ, Lehne B, Lewis CE, Li Y, Lim SH, Lin S, Liu CT, Liu J, Liu J, Liu K, Liu Y, Loh M, Lohman KK, Long J, Louie T, Mägi R, Mahajan A, Meitinger T, Metspalu A, Milani L, Momozawa Y, Morris AP, Mosley TH, Munson P, Murray AD, Nalls MA, Nasri U, Norris JM, North K, Ogunniyi A, Padmanabhan S, Palmas WR, Palmer ND, Pankow JS, Pedersen NL, Peters A, Peyser PA, Polasek O, Raitakari OT, Renström F, Rice TK, Ridker PM, Robino A, Robinson JG, Rose LM, Rudan I, Sabanayagam C, Salako BL, Sandow K, Schmidt CO, Schreiner PJ, Scott WR, Seshadri S, Sever P, Sitlani CM, Smith JA, Snieder H, Starr JM, Strauch K, Tang H, Taylor KD, Teo YY, Tham YC, Uitterlinden AG, Waldenberger M, Wang L, Wang YX, Wei WB, Williams C, Wilson G, Wojczynski MK, Yao J, Yuan JM, Zonderman AB, Becker DM, Boehnke M, Bowden DW, Chambers JC, Chen YDI, de Faire U, Deary IJ, Esko T, Farrall M, Forrester T, Franks PW, Freedman BI, Froguel P, Gasparini P, Gieger C, Horta BL, Hung YJ, Jonas JB, Kato N, Kooner JS, Laakso M, Lehtimäki T, Liang KW, Magnusson PKE, Newman AB, Oldehinkel AJ, Pereira AC, Redline S, Rettig R, Samani NJ, Scott J, Shu XO, van der Harst P, Wagenknecht LE, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Weir DR, Wickremasinghe AR, Wu T, Zheng W, Kamatani Y, Laurie CC, Bouchard C, Cooper RS, Evans MK, Gudnason V, Kardia SLR, Kritchevsky SB, Levy D, O'Connell JR, Psaty BM, van Dam RM, Sims M, Arnett DK, Mook-Kanamori DO, Kelly TN, Fox ER, Hayward C, Fornage M, Rotimi CN, Province MA, van Duijn CM, Tai ES, Wong TY, Loos RJF, Reiner AP, Rotter JI, Zhu X, Bierut LJ, Gauderman WJ, Caulfield MJ, Elliott P, Rice K, Munroe PB, Morrison AC, Cupples LA, Rao DC, Chasman DI. A Large-Scale Multi-ancestry Genome-wide Study Accounting for Smoking Behavior Identifies Multiple Significant Loci for Blood Pressure. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:375-400. [PMID: 29455858 PMCID: PMC5985266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association analysis advanced understanding of blood pressure (BP), a major risk factor for vascular conditions such as coronary heart disease and stroke. Accounting for smoking behavior may help identify BP loci and extend our knowledge of its genetic architecture. We performed genome-wide association meta-analyses of systolic and diastolic BP incorporating gene-smoking interactions in 610,091 individuals. Stage 1 analysis examined ∼18.8 million SNPs and small insertion/deletion variants in 129,913 individuals from four ancestries (European, African, Asian, and Hispanic) with follow-up analysis of promising variants in 480,178 additional individuals from five ancestries. We identified 15 loci that were genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10-8) in stage 1 and formally replicated in stage 2. A combined stage 1 and 2 meta-analysis identified 66 additional genome-wide significant loci (13, 35, and 18 loci in European, African, and trans-ancestry, respectively). A total of 56 known BP loci were also identified by our results (p < 5 × 10-8). Of the newly identified loci, ten showed significant interaction with smoking status, but none of them were replicated in stage 2. Several loci were identified in African ancestry, highlighting the importance of genetic studies in diverse populations. The identified loci show strong evidence for regulatory features and support shared pathophysiology with cardiometabolic and addiction traits. They also highlight a role in BP regulation for biological candidates such as modulators of vascular structure and function (CDKN1B, BCAR1-CFDP1, PXDN, EEA1), ciliopathies (SDCCAG8, RPGRIP1L), telomere maintenance (TNKS, PINX1, AKTIP), and central dopaminergic signaling (MSRA, EBF2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun J Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Thomas W Winkler
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93051, Germany
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amy R Bentley
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael R Brown
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ioanna Ntalla
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore 169856, Singapore; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Marten
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39213, USA
| | - Changwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Giorgia at Athens College of Public Health, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Mary F Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
- Section of Metabolic Genetics, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300RC, the Netherlands
| | - Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Hugues Aschard
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Centre de Bioinformatique Biostatistique et Biologie Integrative (C3BI), Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Rajkumar Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Division of Biostatistical Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Alisa K Manning
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Helen R Warren
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Nana Matoba
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Maris Alver
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Marzyeh Amini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Boissel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Jin Fang Chai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Division of Biostatistical Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34137, Italy
| | - Chuan Gao
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Genomics Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX3 9DU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Medical Genetics Section, University of Edinburgh Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Fernando Pires Hartwig
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96020220, Brazil
| | - Andrea R V R Horimoto
- Lab Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Division of Biostatistical Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Anne U Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Department of Social Work, Tunghai University, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Department of Opthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Jian 'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona JMAAW15, Jamaica
| | - He Meian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio 70100, Finland
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Robert A Scott
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Wayne H H Sheu
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 1628655, Japan
| | - Peter J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Skåne 205 02, Sweden
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Yajuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Erin B Ware
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Institute for Social Research, Research Center for Group Dynamics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Stefan Weiss
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17487, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Saima Afaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Tamuno Alfred
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dan Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore 169856, Singapore; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - R Graham Barr
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Section of Genomic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Brian Cade
- Sleep Medicine and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yu Caizheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ganesh Chauhan
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Schience, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Aging Research Center, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Massimiliano Cocca
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34137, Italy
| | - Francis S Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John M Connell
- Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300RC, the Netherlands
| | | | - Stephanie Debette
- Inserm U1219 Neuroepidemiology, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Bordeaux, France; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Charles B Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02860, USA
| | - Georg Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Specialties of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Virginia A Fisher
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yechiel Friedlander
- Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Misa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Preeti Gupta
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Saskia P Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Biomedicine, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - Chew-Kiat Heng
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku 108-8639, Japan
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara V Howard
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences and Department of Medicine, Georgetown-Howard Universities, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Steven Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Hebrew SeniorLife, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02131, USA; Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20982, USA
| | - Anne E Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Tomohiro Katsuya
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 5650871, Japan; Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 5650871, Japan
| | - Joel Kaufman
- Epidemiology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Nicola D Kerrison
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138672, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Heikki A Koistinen
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki 00271, Finland; Department of Medicine and Abdominal Center: Endocrinology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki 00029, Finland
| | - Pirjo Komulainen
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio 70100, Finland
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jose E Krieger
- Lab Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Division of Biostatistical Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | | | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Benjamin Lehne
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Cora E Lewis
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
| | - Yize Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sing Hui Lim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Shiow Lin
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Jingmin Liu
- WHI CCC, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | - Kiang Liu
- Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yeheng Liu
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Marie Loh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research 138648, Singapore
| | - Kurt K Lohman
- Division of Biostatistical Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Tin Louie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich 80333, Germany
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Peter Munson
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alison D Murray
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD 20812, USA; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ubaydah Nasri
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Jill M Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kari North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | | | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Walter R Palmas
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Nancy L Pedersen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Frida Renström
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Skåne 205 02, Sweden; Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten 901 87, Sweden
| | - Treva K Rice
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Jennifer G Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Igor Rudan
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore 169856, Singapore; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | | | - Kevin Sandow
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Pamela J Schreiner
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - William R Scott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20982, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138672, Singapore; Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore; NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore; Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117546, Singapore
| | - Yih Chung Tham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Ya X Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China 100730, China
| | - Wen Bin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Christine Williams
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Gregory Wilson
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA
| | - Mary K Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- General Internal Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - John C Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia; Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA 02142, USA
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX3 9DU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona JMAAW15, Jamaica
| | - Paul W Franks
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Skåne 205 02, Sweden; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Public Health & Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Västerbotten 901 85, Sweden
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille 59000, France; Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34137, Italy; Division Experimental Genetics, Sidra, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Bernardo Lessa Horta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96020220, Brazil
| | - Yi-Jen Hung
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 1628655, Japan
| | - Jaspal S Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex UB1 3HW, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Lifes Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandre C Pereira
- Lab Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Sleep Medicine and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rainer Rettig
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17495, Germany
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - James Scott
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Lynne E Wagenknecht
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | | | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX3 9DU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - David R Weir
- Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | | | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Michele K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur 201, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Health Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20982, USA; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeff R O'Connell
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Kaiser Permanente Washington, Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Mario Sims
- Jackson Heart Study, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39213, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300RC, the Netherlands; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300RC, the Netherlands
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ervin R Fox
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Charles N Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore 169856, Singapore; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; Genomic Outcomes, Department of Medicine, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - W James Gauderman
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20982, USA
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Nyquist PA, Yanek LR, Kral BG, Becker LC, Vaidya D, Becker DM. Abstract TMP91: White Matter Lesion Progression and Cognitive Function Over 5-Years in a Young Susceptible Population. Stroke 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/str.49.suppl_1.tmp91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and vascular risk factors cluster in families of patients with early-onset coronary artery disease (CAD). In a prior cross-sectional study of 714 healthy middle-aged relatives, we found a high prevalence of early white matter hyperintensity lesions (WMHL) and associated lower cognitive function. Prior WMHL studies have included elderly or demented subjects. Rate of WMHL progression and cognitive decline in quiescent preclinical healthy middle-aged persons remains unknown.
Methods:
We studied WMHL and cognitive function over 5 years in 20 healthy relatives, age 50-59, of patients with CAD <60 years of age (one subject per family). Persons with any physical or neurological abnormality were excluded. At baseline and follow-up, subjects underwent 3-Tesla brain magnetic resonance imaging. WMHL volumes were determined using automated segmented volumes measured from FLAIR and MPRAGE using a previously described automated pipeline. Cognitive function was measured with the: Delayed Recall, Digit Symbol Substitution, Verbal Fluency, Digit Span, and Grooved Pegboard tests.
Results:
Our 20 participants were: 50% male, 45% African American (AA), average age was 54.1 (SD 1.57) years, 45% with HTN, 15% smokers, and 50% obese. WMHL prevalence was 92%. The average change in WMHL volume was 819 mm
3
(P<0.0008); this was significant for men (p=0.006), women (p= 0.062), AAs (p= 0.019), and European Americans (EA) (p= 0.018). Decline occurred in all cognitive function tests (average P across all tests was <0.001) in all races and sexes. Vascular risk factors did not change from baseline to follow-up.
Conclusion:
These striking findings are among the first to demonstrate significant quantitative WMHL volume progression and cognitive decline in a healthy middle-aged population over just 5 years, in AA and EA and both sexes. This small pilot study suggests that early quiescent brain white matter lesion progression and early multidimensional cognitive decline can be detected in healthy susceptible populations using state-of-the-art quantitative volumetric imaging techniques.
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Chen MH, Yanek LR, Backman JD, Eicher JD, Huffman JE, Ben-Shlomo Y, Beswick AD, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Shuldiner AR, O'Connell JR, Mathias RA, Becker DM, Becker LC, Lewis JP, Johnson AD, Faraday N. Exome-chip meta-analysis identifies association between variation in ANKRD26 and platelet aggregation. Platelets 2017; 30:164-173. [PMID: 29185836 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1384538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several variants associated with platelet function phenotypes; however, the proportion of variance explained by the identified variants is mostly small. Rare coding variants, particularly those with high potential for impact on protein structure/function, may have substantial impact on phenotype but are difficult to detect by GWAS. The main purpose of this study was to identify low frequency or rare variants associated with platelet function using genotype data from the Illumina HumanExome Bead Chip. Three family-based cohorts of European ancestry, including ~4,000 total subjects, comprised the discovery cohort and two independent cohorts, one of European and one of African American ancestry, were used for replication. Optical aggregometry in platelet-rich plasma was performed in all the discovery cohorts in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine, and collagen. Meta-analyses were performed using both gene-based and single nucleotide variant association methods. The gene-based meta-analysis identified a significant association (P = 7.13 × 10-7) between rare genetic variants in ANKRD26 and ADP-induced platelet aggregation. One of the ANKRD26 SNVs - rs191015656, encoding a threonine to isoleucine substitution predicted to alter protein structure/function, was replicated in Europeans. Aggregation increases of ~20-50% were observed in heterozygotes in all cohorts. Novel genetic signals in ABCG1 and HCP5 were also associated with platelet aggregation to ADP in meta-analyses, although only results for HCP5 could be replicated. The SNV in HCP5 intersects epigenetic signatures in CD41+ megakaryocytes suggesting a new functional role in platelet biology for HCP5. This is the first study to use gene-based association methods from SNV array genotypes to identify rare variants related to platelet function. The molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological relevance for the identified genetic associations requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Huei Chen
- a National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's The Framingham Heart Study, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research , National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute , Framingham , MA , USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- b GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Joshua D Backman
- c School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - John D Eicher
- a National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's The Framingham Heart Study, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research , National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute , Framingham , MA , USA
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- a National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's The Framingham Heart Study, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research , National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute , Framingham , MA , USA
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- d School of Social and Community Medicine , University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - Andrew D Beswick
- e School of Clinical Sciences , University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - Laura M Yerges-Armstrong
- c School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Alan R Shuldiner
- c School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Jeffrey R O'Connell
- c School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- f GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- b GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- g GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiology and General Internal Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Joshua P Lewis
- c School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- a National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's The Framingham Heart Study, Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research , National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute , Framingham , MA , USA
| | - Nauder Faraday
- h GeneSTAR Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
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42
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Joshi PK, Pirastu N, Kentistou KA, Fischer K, Hofer E, Schraut KE, Clark DW, Nutile T, Barnes CLK, Timmers PRHJ, Shen X, Gandin I, McDaid AF, Hansen TF, Gordon SD, Giulianini F, Boutin TS, Abdellaoui A, Zhao W, Medina-Gomez C, Bartz TM, Trompet S, Lange LA, Raffield L, van der Spek A, Galesloot TE, Proitsi P, Yanek LR, Bielak LF, Payton A, Murgia F, Concas MP, Biino G, Tajuddin SM, Seppälä I, Amin N, Boerwinkle E, Børglum AD, Campbell A, Demerath EW, Demuth I, Faul JD, Ford I, Gialluisi A, Gögele M, Graff M, Hingorani A, Hottenga JJ, Hougaard DM, Hurme MA, Ikram MA, Jylhä M, Kuh D, Ligthart L, Lill CM, Lindenberger U, Lumley T, Mägi R, Marques-Vidal P, Medland SE, Milani L, Nagy R, Ollier WER, Peyser PA, Pramstaller PP, Ridker PM, Rivadeneira F, Ruggiero D, Saba Y, Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Slagboom PE, Smith BH, Smith JA, Sotoodehnia N, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, van Rooij FJA, Verbeek AL, Vermeulen SH, Vollenweider P, Wang Y, Werge T, Whitfield JB, Zonderman AB, Lehtimäki T, Evans MK, Pirastu M, Fuchsberger C, Bertram L, Pendleton N, Kardia SLR, Ciullo M, Becker DM, Wong A, Psaty BM, van Duijn CM, Wilson JG, Jukema JW, Kiemeney L, Uitterlinden AG, Franceschini N, North KE, Weir DR, Metspalu A, Boomsma DI, Hayward C, Chasman D, Martin NG, Sattar N, Campbell H, Esko T, Kutalik Z, Wilson JF. Genome-wide meta-analysis associates HLA-DQA1/DRB1 and LPA and lifestyle factors with human longevity. Nat Commun 2017; 8:910. [PMID: 29030599 PMCID: PMC5715013 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic analysis of longevity offers the potential to illuminate the biology of human aging. Here, using genome-wide association meta-analysis of 606,059 parents’ survival, we discover two regions associated with longevity (HLA-DQA1/DRB1 and LPA). We also validate previous suggestions that APOE, CHRNA3/5, CDKN2A/B, SH2B3 and FOXO3A influence longevity. Next we show that giving up smoking, educational attainment, openness to new experience and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels are most positively genetically correlated with lifespan while susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD), cigarettes smoked per day, lung cancer, insulin resistance and body fat are most negatively correlated. We suggest that the effect of education on lifespan is principally mediated through smoking while the effect of obesity appears to act via CAD. Using instrumental variables, we suggest that an increase of one body mass index unit reduces lifespan by 7 months while 1 year of education adds 11 months to expected lifespan. Variability in human longevity is genetically influenced. Using genetic data of parental lifespan, the authors identify associations at HLA-DQA/DRB1 and LPA and find that genetic variants that increase educational attainment have a positive effect on lifespan whereas increasing BMI negatively affects lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Joshi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.
| | - Nicola Pirastu
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Katherine A Kentistou
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.,Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Edith Hofer
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria.,Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Katharina E Schraut
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.,Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland
| | - David W Clark
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Teresa Nutile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso" - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Catriona L K Barnes
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Paul R H J Timmers
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Xia Shen
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy.,Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, 34137, Italy
| | - Aaron F McDaid
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1010, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Folkmann Hansen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, DK-4000, Denmark.,iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Scott D Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Thibaud S Boutin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Abdel Abdellaoui
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Institute (APH), Amsterdam, 1081BT, Netherlands
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Stella Trompet
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Laura Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ashley van der Spek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Tessel E Galesloot
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Petroula Proitsi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Lawrence F Bielak
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Antony Payton
- Centre for Epidemiology, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, The University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Federico Murgia
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), (Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany), Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Ginevra Biino
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ilkka Seppälä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Health Science Center at Houston, UTHealth School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Anders D Børglum
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Ellen W Demerath
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Charité Research Group on Geriatrics, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 13347, Germany.,Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 13353, Germany.,Institute for Medical and Human Genetics, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Center for biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | | | - Martin Gögele
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), (Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany), Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - MariaElisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Aroon Hingorani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Institute (APH), Amsterdam, 1081BT, Netherlands
| | - David M Hougaard
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark.,Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark
| | - Mikko A Hurme
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fimlab Laboratories and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Marja Jylhä
- Gerontology Research Center, Tampere, Finland, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33104, Finland
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Lannie Ligthart
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Institute (APH), Amsterdam, 1081BT, Netherlands
| | - Christina M Lill
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, 14195, Germany.,Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Thomas Lumley
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Reka Nagy
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - William E R Ollier
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Patricia A Peyser
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Peter P Pramstaller
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), (Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany), Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Daniela Ruggiero
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso" - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Yasaman Saba
- Austrian Stroke Prevention Study, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Austrian Stroke Prevention Study, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of medical statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Blair H Smith
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | | | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - André L Verbeek
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Sita H Vermeulen
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark.,NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0450, Norway
| | - Thomas Werge
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, DK-4000, Denmark.,iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark
| | - John B Whitfield
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Mario Pirastu
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), (Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany), Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - Lars Bertram
- Lübeck Interdisciplinary Platform for Genome Analytics, Institutes of Neurogenetics & Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany.,Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Group, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, W6 8RP, UK
| | - Neil Pendleton
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, Greater Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Marina Ciullo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso" - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy.,IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), 86077, Italy
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Lambertus Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Institute (APH), Amsterdam, 1081BT, Netherlands
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Daniel Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Naveed Sattar
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TD, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Tōnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1010, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK.,MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
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Nyquist PA, Yanek LR, Kral BG, Becker LC, Vaidya D, Becker DM. White Matter Lesion Progression and Cognitive Function Over 5 Years in a Young Susceptible Population. Neuroepidemiology 2017; 49:62-63. [PMID: 28850949 DOI: 10.1159/000480238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Nyquist
- The Johns Hopkins GeneSTAR Research Program, Departments of Neurology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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44
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Liang J, Le TH, Edwards DRV, Tayo BO, Gaulton KJ, Smith JA, Lu Y, Jensen RA, Chen G, Yanek LR, Schwander K, Tajuddin SM, Sofer T, Kim W, Kayima J, McKenzie CA, Fox E, Nalls MA, Young JH, Sun YV, Lane JM, Cechova S, Zhou J, Tang H, Fornage M, Musani SK, Wang H, Lee J, Adeyemo A, Dreisbach AW, Forrester T, Chu PL, Cappola A, Evans MK, Morrison AC, Martin LW, Wiggins KL, Hui Q, Zhao W, Jackson RD, Ware EB, Faul JD, Reiner AP, Bray M, Denny JC, Mosley TH, Palmas W, Guo X, Papanicolaou GJ, Penman AD, Polak JF, Rice K, Taylor KD, Boerwinkle E, Bottinger EP, Liu K, Risch N, Hunt SC, Kooperberg C, Zonderman AB, Laurie CC, Becker DM, Cai J, Loos RJF, Psaty BM, Weir DR, Kardia SLR, Arnett DK, Won S, Edwards TL, Redline S, Cooper RS, Rao DC, Rotter JI, Rotimi C, Levy D, Chakravarti A, Zhu X, Franceschini N. Single-trait and multi-trait genome-wide association analyses identify novel loci for blood pressure in African-ancestry populations. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006728. [PMID: 28498854 PMCID: PMC5446189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading cause of global disease, mortality, and disability. While individuals of African descent suffer a disproportionate burden of hypertension and its complications, they have been underrepresented in genetic studies. To identify novel susceptibility loci for blood pressure and hypertension in people of African ancestry, we performed both single and multiple-trait genome-wide association analyses. We analyzed 21 genome-wide association studies comprised of 31,968 individuals of African ancestry, and validated our results with additional 54,395 individuals from multi-ethnic studies. These analyses identified nine loci with eleven independent variants which reached genome-wide significance (P < 1.25×10-8) for either systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hypertension, or for combined traits. Single-trait analyses identified two loci (TARID/TCF21 and LLPH/TMBIM4) and multiple-trait analyses identified one novel locus (FRMD3) for blood pressure. At these three loci, as well as at GRP20/CDH17, associated variants had alleles common only in African-ancestry populations. Functional annotation showed enrichment for genes expressed in immune and kidney cells, as well as in heart and vascular cells/tissues. Experiments driven by these findings and using angiotensin-II induced hypertension in mice showed altered kidney mRNA expression of six genes, suggesting their potential role in hypertension. Our study provides new evidence for genes related to hypertension susceptibility, and the need to study African-ancestry populations in order to identify biologic factors contributing to hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Thu H Le
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Bamidele O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, United States of America.,The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, United States of America.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Richard A Jensen
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Wonji Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - James Kayima
- Division of Adult Cardiology, Uganda Heart Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.,Department of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Colin A McKenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Ervin Fox
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Michael A Nalls
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, United States of America and Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - J Hunter Young
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sylvia Cechova
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Solomon K Musani
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Juyoung Lee
- Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Albert W Dreisbach
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Pei-Lun Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Anne Cappola
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lisa W Martin
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC. United States of America
| | - Kerri L Wiggins
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Qin Hui
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rebecca D Jackson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Erin B Ware
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.,Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Alex P Reiner
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael Bray
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Joshua C Denny
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - George J Papanicolaou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alan D Penman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Joseph F Polak
- Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ken D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Kiang Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Neil Risch
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, United States of America.,The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, United States of America.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Donna K Arnett
- University of Kentucky, College of Public Health, Lexington, KY
| | - Sungho Won
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Public Health Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilit University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Susan Redline
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard S Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - D C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Charles Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and the Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Epidemiology, Gilling School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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45
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Ng MCY, Graff M, Lu Y, Justice AE, Mudgal P, Liu CT, Young K, Yanek LR, Feitosa MF, Wojczynski MK, Rand K, Brody JA, Cade BE, Dimitrov L, Duan Q, Guo X, Lange LA, Nalls MA, Okut H, Tajuddin SM, Tayo BO, Vedantam S, Bradfield JP, Chen G, Chen WM, Chesi A, Irvin MR, Padhukasahasram B, Smith JA, Zheng W, Allison MA, Ambrosone CB, Bandera EV, Bartz TM, Berndt SI, Bernstein L, Blot WJ, Bottinger EP, Carpten J, Chanock SJ, Chen YDI, Conti DV, Cooper RS, Fornage M, Freedman BI, Garcia M, Goodman PJ, Hsu YHH, Hu J, Huff CD, Ingles SA, John EM, Kittles R, Klein E, Li J, McKnight B, Nayak U, Nemesure B, Ogunniyi A, Olshan A, Press MF, Rohde R, Rybicki BA, Salako B, Sanderson M, Shao Y, Siscovick DS, Stanford JL, Stevens VL, Stram A, Strom SS, Vaidya D, Witte JS, Yao J, Zhu X, Ziegler RG, Zonderman AB, Adeyemo A, Ambs S, Cushman M, Faul JD, Hakonarson H, Levin AM, Nathanson KL, Ware EB, Weir DR, Zhao W, Zhi D, Arnett DK, Grant SFA, Kardia SLR, Oloapde OI, Rao DC, Rotimi CN, Sale MM, Williams LK, Zemel BS, Becker DM, Borecki IB, Evans MK, Harris TB, Hirschhorn JN, Li Y, Patel SR, Psaty BM, Rotter JI, Wilson JG, Bowden DW, Cupples LA, Haiman CA, Loos RJF, North KE. Discovery and fine-mapping of adiposity loci using high density imputation of genome-wide association studies in individuals of African ancestry: African Ancestry Anthropometry Genetics Consortium. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006719. [PMID: 28430825 PMCID: PMC5419579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >300 loci associated with measures of adiposity including body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (adjusted for BMI, WHRadjBMI), but few have been identified through screening of the African ancestry genomes. We performed large scale meta-analyses and replications in up to 52,895 individuals for BMI and up to 23,095 individuals for WHRadjBMI from the African Ancestry Anthropometry Genetics Consortium (AAAGC) using 1000 Genomes phase 1 imputed GWAS to improve coverage of both common and low frequency variants in the low linkage disequilibrium African ancestry genomes. In the sex-combined analyses, we identified one novel locus (TCF7L2/HABP2) for WHRadjBMI and eight previously established loci at P < 5×10−8: seven for BMI, and one for WHRadjBMI in African ancestry individuals. An additional novel locus (SPRYD7/DLEU2) was identified for WHRadjBMI when combined with European GWAS. In the sex-stratified analyses, we identified three novel loci for BMI (INTS10/LPL and MLC1 in men, IRX4/IRX2 in women) and four for WHRadjBMI (SSX2IP, CASC8, PDE3B and ZDHHC1/HSD11B2 in women) in individuals of African ancestry or both African and European ancestry. For four of the novel variants, the minor allele frequency was low (<5%). In the trans-ethnic fine mapping of 47 BMI loci and 27 WHRadjBMI loci that were locus-wide significant (P < 0.05 adjusted for effective number of variants per locus) from the African ancestry sex-combined and sex-stratified analyses, 26 BMI loci and 17 WHRadjBMI loci contained ≤ 20 variants in the credible sets that jointly account for 99% posterior probability of driving the associations. The lead variants in 13 of these loci had a high probability of being causal. As compared to our previous HapMap imputed GWAS for BMI and WHRadjBMI including up to 71,412 and 27,350 African ancestry individuals, respectively, our results suggest that 1000 Genomes imputation showed modest improvement in identifying GWAS loci including low frequency variants. Trans-ethnic meta-analyses further improved fine mapping of putative causal variants in loci shared between the African and European ancestry populations. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >300 genetic regions that influence body size and shape as measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), respectively, but few have been identified in populations of African ancestry. We conducted large scale high coverage GWAS and replication of these traits in 52,895 and 23,095 individuals of African ancestry, respectively, followed by additional replication in European populations. We identified 10 genome-wide significant loci in all individuals, and an additional seven loci by analyzing men and women separately. We combined African and European ancestry GWAS and were able to narrow down 43 out of 74 African ancestry associated genetic regions to contain small number of putative causal variants. Our results highlight the improvement of applying high density genome coverage and combining multiple ancestries in the identification and refinement of location of genetic regions associated with adiposity traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie C. Y. Ng
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icachn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Anne E. Justice
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Poorva Mudgal
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Ching-Ti Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Kristin Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Mary F. Feitosa
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, United States of America
| | - Mary K. Wojczynski
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, United States of America
| | - Kristin Rand
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Brian E. Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Latchezar Dimitrov
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Qing Duan
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Leslie A. Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, United States of America
| | - Hayrettin Okut
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Salman M. Tajuddin
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Bamidele O. Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States of America
| | - Sailaja Vedantam
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Jonathan P. Bradfield
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Marguerite R. Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Badri Padhukasahasram
- Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Jennifer A. Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Elisa V. Bandera
- Department of Population Science, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Traci M. Bartz
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Sonja I. Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States of America
| | - William J. Blot
- International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Erwin P. Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icachn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - John Carpten
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States of America
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - David V. Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Richard S. Cooper
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States of America
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Barry I. Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - Melissa Garcia
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Phyllis J. Goodman
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Yu-Han H. Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Hu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Chad D. Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Sue A. Ingles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Esther M. John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States of America
- Department of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Rick Kittles
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Eric Klein
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Jin Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Barbara McKnight
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Uma Nayak
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Barbara Nemesure
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
| | | | - Andrew Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Michael F. Press
- Department of Pathology and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Rohde
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Benjamin A. Rybicki
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | | | - Maureen Sanderson
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Yaming Shao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - David S. Siscovick
- The New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Janet L. Stanford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Victoria L. Stevens
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Alex Stram
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Sara S. Strom
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - John S. Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Regina G. Ziegler
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Adebowale Adeyemo
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Jessica D. Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Albert M. Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Erin B. Ware
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - David R. Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Degui Zhi
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | | | - Donna K. Arnett
- School of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States of America
| | - Struan F. A. Grant
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Sharon L. R. Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Olufunmilayo I. Oloapde
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, Department of Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - D. C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Charles N. Rotimi
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Michele M. Sale
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - L. Keoki Williams
- Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Babette S. Zemel
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Diane M. Becker
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, United States of America
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, United States of America
| | - Michele K. Evans
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Tamara B. Harris
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Sanjay R. Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States of America
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - James G. Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America
| | - Donald W. Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CAH); (RJFL); (KEN)
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icachn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CAH); (RJFL); (KEN)
| | - Kari E. North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CAH); (RJFL); (KEN)
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Eicher JD, Chen MH, Pitsillides AN, Lin H, Veeraraghavan N, Brody JA, Metcalf GA, Muzny DM, Gibbs RA, Becker DM, Becker LC, Faraday N, Mathias RA, Yanek LR, Boerwinkle E, Cupples LA, Johnson AD. Whole exome sequencing in the Framingham Heart Study identifies rare variation in HYAL2 that influences platelet aggregation. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:1083-1092. [PMID: 28300864 DOI: 10.1160/th16-09-0677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of platelet reactivity is a common therapeutic strategy in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Genetic and environmental factors influence inter-individual variation in platelet reactivity. Identifying genes that contribute to platelet reactivity can reveal new biological mechanisms and possible therapeutic targets. Here, we examined rare coding variation to identify genes associated with platelet reactivity in a population-based cohort. To do so, we performed whole exome sequencing in the Framingham Heart Study and conducted single variant and gene-based association tests against platelet reactivity to collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and epinephrine agonists in up to 1,211 individuals. Single variant tests revealed no significant associations (p<1.44×10-7), though we observed a suggestive association with previously implicated MRVI1 (rs11042902, p = 1.95×10-7). Using gene-based association tests of rare and low-frequency variants, we found significant associations of HYAL2 with increased ADP-induced aggregation (p = 1.07×10-7) and GSTZ1 with increased epinephrine-induced aggregation (p = 1.62×10-6). HYAL2 also showed suggestive associations with epinephrine-induced aggregation (p = 2.64×10-5). The rare variants in the HYAL2 gene-based association included a missense variant (N357S) at a known N-glycosylation site and a nonsense variant (Q406*) that removes a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor from the resulting protein. These variants suggest that improper membrane trafficking of HYAL2 influences platelet reactivity. We also observed suggestive associations of AR (p = 7.39×10-6) and MAPRE1 (p = 7.26×10-6) with ADP-induced reactivity. Our study demonstrates that gene-based tests and other grouping strategies of rare variants are powerful approaches to detect associations in population-based analyses of complex traits not detected by single variant tests and possible new genetic influences on platelet reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrew D Johnson
- Andrew D. Johnson, Tenure Track Investigator, Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mt. Wayte Ave. Suite #2, Framingham, MA 01702, USA, Tel.: +1 508 663 4082, E-mail:
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47
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Hannawi Y, Yanek LR, Kral BG, Vaidya D, Becker LC, Becker DM, Nyquist PA. Abstract TMP93: Hypertension is Associated with Disruption of White Matter Tracts in Healthy Middle-aged Persons at Risk for Vascular Disease. Stroke 2017. [DOI: 10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.tmp93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Fractional anisotropy (FA) measured by Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a sensitive biomarker of white matter (WM) integrity and offers a means to detect early axonal disruption and attendant cognitive impairment secondary to vascular disease.
Hypothesis:
We hypothesized that hypertension (HTN), of all known risk factors, is most closely linked to early WM tract injury in apparently healthy high risk relatives of patients with early-onset coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods:
DTI was acquired on a Phillips 3T MRI scanner (slice thickness 2.2 mm, field of view 212X212 mm and b-value 700 mm
2
/s) for relatives of CAD patients. The brain was segmented into 181 regions using the Eve Atlas, Large Deformation Diffeomorphic Metric Mapping paradigm, and 48 regions representing the deep WM were selected for analysis. Mean regional FA (rFA) was assessed using t-tests in persons with and without smoking, HTN, diabetes. Continuous variable association with rFA was tested using Spearman correlations. Covariate-adjusted GEE linear regression (corrected for nonindependence of families) was performed for regions meeting the Bonferroni threshold of 0.001 (0.05/48).
Results:
116 subjects had DTI data (mean age 49.5±11, 57% males, 40.5% African Americans, 23% smokers, 36% hypertensives, 12% diabetics). rFA was not significantly associated with diabetes or current smoking. Moreover, rFA was not significantly correlated with glucose level, LDL, total cholesterol or body mass index. However, patients with HTN showed a significantly lower rFA compared to normotensives in the left (L) genu of corpus callosum, L external capsule, right (R) cingulum, L fornix/ stria terminalis, L and R column and body of fornix, and R sagittal stratum. After adjusting for age, sex and race, this relation remained significant in the R sagittal stratum (P=0.012) and R cingulum (P=0.001). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) correlated with rFA after adjustment in the L superior longitudinal fasciculus as well (unadjusted rho=-0.309, p=0.00073, adjusted beta =-1.08+-0.47, P=0.02).
Conclusions:
Of all of the risk factors, as hypothesized, HTN and SBP were significantly associated with early WM tract injury in areas related to cognition in middle-aged persons at risk for vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Div of General Medicine, Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD
| | | | | | | | - Diane M Becker
- General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD
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48
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Kammers K, Taub MA, Ruczinski I, Martin J, Yanek LR, Frazee A, Gao Y, Hoyle D, Faraday N, Becker DM, Cheng L, Wang ZZ, Leek JT, Becker LC, Mathias RA. Integrity of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) Derived Megakaryocytes as Assessed by Genetic and Transcriptomic Analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0167794. [PMID: 28107356 PMCID: PMC5249236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have described our feeder-free, xeno-free approach to generate megakaryocytes (MKs) in culture from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Here, we focus specifically on the integrity of these MKs using: (1) genotype discordance between parent cell DNA to iPSC cell DNA and onward to the differentiated MK DNA; (2) genomic structural integrity using copy number variation (CNV); and (3) transcriptomic signatures of the derived MK lines compared to the iPSC lines. We detected a very low rate of genotype discordance; estimates were 0.0001%-0.01%, well below the genotyping error rate for our assay (0.37%). No CNVs were generated in the iPSCs that were subsequently passed on to the MKs. Finally, we observed highly biologically relevant gene sets as being upregulated in MKs relative to the iPSCs: platelet activation, blood coagulation, megakaryocyte development, platelet formation, platelet degranulation, and platelet aggregation. These data strongly support the integrity of the derived MK lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kammers
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Margaret A. Taub
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua Martin
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alyssa Frazee
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yongxing Gao
- Division of Hematology and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dixie Hoyle
- Division of Hematology and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nauder Faraday
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Diane M. Becker
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Division of Hematology and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zack Z. Wang
- Division of Hematology and Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeff T. Leek
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lewis C. Becker
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- The GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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49
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Hibar DP, Adams HHH, Jahanshad N, Chauhan G, Stein JL, Hofer E, Renteria ME, Bis JC, Arias-Vasquez A, Ikram MK, Desrivières S, Vernooij MW, Abramovic L, Alhusaini S, Amin N, Andersson M, Arfanakis K, Aribisala BS, Armstrong NJ, Athanasiu L, Axelsson T, Beecham AH, Beiser A, Bernard M, Blanton SH, Bohlken MM, Boks MP, Bralten J, Brickman AM, Carmichael O, Chakravarty MM, Chen Q, Ching CRK, Chouraki V, Cuellar-Partida G, Crivello F, Den Braber A, Doan NT, Ehrlich S, Giddaluru S, Goldman AL, Gottesman RF, Grimm O, Griswold ME, Guadalupe T, Gutman BA, Hass J, Haukvik UK, Hoehn D, Holmes AJ, Hoogman M, Janowitz D, Jia T, Jørgensen KN, Karbalai N, Kasperaviciute D, Kim S, Klein M, Kraemer B, Lee PH, Liewald DCM, Lopez LM, Luciano M, Macare C, Marquand AF, Matarin M, Mather KA, Mattheisen M, McKay DR, Milaneschi Y, Muñoz Maniega S, Nho K, Nugent AC, Nyquist P, Loohuis LMO, Oosterlaan J, Papmeyer M, Pirpamer L, Pütz B, Ramasamy A, Richards JS, Risacher SL, Roiz-Santiañez R, Rommelse N, Ropele S, Rose EJ, Royle NA, Rundek T, Sämann PG, Saremi A, Satizabal CL, Schmaal L, Schork AJ, Shen L, Shin J, Shumskaya E, Smith AV, Sprooten E, Strike LT, Teumer A, Tordesillas-Gutierrez D, Toro R, Trabzuni D, Trompet S, Vaidya D, Van der Grond J, Van der Lee SJ, Van der Meer D, Van Donkelaar MMJ, Van Eijk KR, Van Erp TGM, Van Rooij D, Walton E, Westlye LT, Whelan CD, Windham BG, Winkler AM, Wittfeld K, Woldehawariat G, Wolf C, Wolfers T, Yanek LR, Yang J, Zijdenbos A, Zwiers MP, Agartz I, Almasy L, Ames D, Amouyel P, Andreassen OA, Arepalli S, Assareh AA, Barral S, Bastin ME, Becker DM, Becker JT, Bennett DA, Blangero J, van Bokhoven H, Boomsma DI, Brodaty H, Brouwer RM, Brunner HG, Buckner RL, Buitelaar JK, Bulayeva KB, Cahn W, Calhoun VD, Cannon DM, Cavalleri GL, Cheng CY, Cichon S, Cookson MR, Corvin A, Crespo-Facorro B, Curran JE, Czisch M, Dale AM, Davies GE, De Craen AJM, De Geus EJC, De Jager PL, De Zubicaray GI, Deary IJ, Debette S, DeCarli C, Delanty N, Depondt C, DeStefano A, Dillman A, Djurovic S, Donohoe G, Drevets WC, Duggirala R, Dyer TD, Enzinger C, Erk S, Espeseth T, Fedko IO, Fernández G, Ferrucci L, Fisher SE, Fleischman DA, Ford I, Fornage M, Foroud TM, Fox PT, Francks C, Fukunaga M, Gibbs JR, Glahn DC, Gollub RL, Göring HHH, Green RC, Gruber O, Gudnason V, Guelfi S, Håberg AK, Hansell NK, Hardy J, Hartman CA, Hashimoto R, Hegenscheid K, Heinz A, Le Hellard S, Hernandez DG, Heslenfeld DJ, Ho BC, Hoekstra PJ, Hoffmann W, Hofman A, Holsboer F, Homuth G, Hosten N, Hottenga JJ, Huentelman M, Pol HEH, Ikeda M, Jack Jr CR, Jenkinson M, Johnson R, Jönsson EG, Jukema JW, Kahn RS, Kanai R, Kloszewska I, Knopman DS, Kochunov P, Kwok JB, Lawrie SM, Lemaître H, Liu X, Longo DL, Lopez OL, Lovestone S, Martinez O, Martinot JL, Mattay VS, McDonald C, McIntosh AM, McMahon FJ, McMahon KL, Mecocci P, Melle I, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Mohnke S, Montgomery GW, Morris DW, Mosley TH, Mühleisen TW, Müller-Myhsok B, Nalls MA, Nauck M, Nichols TE, Niessen WJ, Nöthen MM, Nyberg L, Ohi K, Olvera RL, Ophoff RA, Pandolfo M, Paus T, Pausova Z, Penninx BWJH, Pike GB, Potkin SG, Psaty BM, Reppermund S, Rietschel M, Roffman JL, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Rotter JI, Ryten M, Sacco RL, Sachdev PS, Saykin AJ, Schmidt R, Schmidt H, Schofield PR, Sigursson S, Simmons A, Singleton A, Sisodiya SM, Smith C, Smoller JW, Soininen H, Steen VM, Stott DJ, Sussmann JE, Thalamuthu A, Toga AW, Traynor BJ, Troncoso J, Tsolaki M, Tzourio C, Uitterlinden AG, Hernández MCV, Van der Brug M, van der Lugt A, van der Wee NJA, Van Haren NEM, van 't Ent D, Van Tol MJ, Vardarajan BN, Vellas B, Veltman DJ, Völzke H, Walter H, Wardlaw JM, Wassink TH, Weale ME, Weinberger DR, Weiner MW, Wen W, Westman E, White T, Wong TY, Wright CB, Zielke RH, Zonderman AB, Martin NG, Van Duijn CM, Wright MJ, Longstreth WT, Schumann G, Grabe HJ, Franke B, Launer LJ, Medland SE, Seshadri S, Thompson PM, Ikram MA. Novel genetic loci associated with hippocampal volume. Nat Commun 2017; 8:13624. [PMID: 28098162 PMCID: PMC5253632 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampal formation is a brain structure integrally involved in episodic memory, spatial navigation, cognition and stress responsiveness. Structural abnormalities in hippocampal volume and shape are found in several common neuropsychiatric disorders. To identify the genetic underpinnings of hippocampal structure here we perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 33,536 individuals and discover six independent loci significantly associated with hippocampal volume, four of them novel. Of the novel loci, three lie within genes (ASTN2, DPP4 and MAST4) and one is found 200 kb upstream of SHH. A hippocampal subfield analysis shows that a locus within the MSRB3 gene shows evidence of a localized effect along the dentate gyrus, subiculum, CA1 and fissure. Further, we show that genetic variants associated with decreased hippocampal volume are also associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (rg=-0.155). Our findings suggest novel biological pathways through which human genetic variation influences hippocampal volume and risk for neuropsychiatric illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrek P. Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90292, USA
| | - Hieab H. H. Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90292, USA
| | - Ganesh Chauhan
- INSERM Unit U1219, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jason L. Stein
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90292, USA
- Department of Genetics & UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina (UNC), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Edith Hofer
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Miguel E. Renteria
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1730 Minor Avenue/Suite 1360. Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vasquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M. Kamran Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Medicine Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
- Memory Aging & Cognition Centre (MACC), National University Health System, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Meike W. Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucija Abramovic
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saud Alhusaini
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
- The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Micael Andersson
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Konstantinos Arfanakis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - Benjamin S. Aribisala
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Department of Computer Science, Lagos State University, Lagos, P.M.B. 01 LASU, Nigeria
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Nicola J. Armstrong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - Lavinia Athanasiu
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tomas Axelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 1432, SE-751 44 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ashley H. Beecham
- Dr John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
| | - Alexa Beiser
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,02118, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118 USA
- Framingham Heart Study, 17 Mount Wayte Avenue, Framingham, Massachusetts 01703 USA
| | - Manon Bernard
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Susan H. Blanton
- Dr John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
| | - Marc M. Bohlken
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco P. Boks
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Adam M. Brickman
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain; G.H. Sergievsky Center; Department of Neurology. Columbia University Medical Center, 639 West 1168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Owen Carmichael
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - M. Mallar Chakravarty
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4H 1R3
- Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Qiang Chen
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Christopher R. K. Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90292, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Graduate Program, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Vincent Chouraki
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, 17 Mount Wayte Avenue, Framingham, Massachusetts 01703 USA
- Lille University, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167—RID-AGE—Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Fabrice Crivello
- IMN UMR5293, GIN, CNRS, CEA, University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Anouk Den Braber
- Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit & Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Sudheer Giddaluru
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Dr Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Aaron L. Goldman
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Rebecca F. Gottesman
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Oliver Grimm
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael E. Griswold
- Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216, USA
| | - Tulio Guadalupe
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Boris A. Gutman
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90292, USA
| | - Johanna Hass
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Unn K. Haukvik
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research and Development, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, 0319 Oslo, Norway
| | - David Hoehn
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Avram J. Holmes
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah Janowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tianye Jia
- MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Kjetil N. Jørgensen
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research and Development, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, 0319 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Dalia Kasperaviciute
- UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom and Epilepsy Society, Bucks, SL9 0RJ, UK
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sungeun Kim
- Center for Neuroimaging, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Kraemer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Phil H. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts 02141, USA
- Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Lexington, Massachusetts, 02421, USA
| | - David C. M. Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Lorna M. Lopez
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Michelle Luciano
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Christine Macare
- MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Andre F. Marquand
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - Mar Matarin
- UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom and Epilepsy Society, Bucks, SL9 0RJ, UK
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Karen A. Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, DK-8000 Aarhus and Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for integrated Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David R. McKay
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Hartford, Connecticut 06114, USA
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, 1081 HL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susana Muñoz Maniega
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Center for Neuroimaging, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Allison C. Nugent
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, 35 Convent Drive, Rm 1A202, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3719, USA
| | - Paul Nyquist
- Department of Neurology, Department of Anesthesia/Critical Care Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins, USA600 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Loes M. Olde Loohuis
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Papmeyer
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
- Division of Systems Neuroscience of Psychopathology, Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, 3060, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Pirpamer
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Benno Pütz
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Adaikalavan Ramasamy
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- The Jenner Institute Laboratories, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Jennifer S. Richards
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, 6525 GC, The Netherlands
| | - Shannon L. Risacher
- Center for Neuroimaging, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Roberto Roiz-Santiañez
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, 39008 Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental), Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Nanda Rommelse
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, 6525 GC, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Ropele
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Emma J. Rose
- Psychosis Research Group, Department of Psychiatry & Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Natalie A. Royle
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
| | | | - Arvin Saremi
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90292, USA
| | - Claudia L. Satizabal
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, 17 Mount Wayte Avenue, Framingham, Massachusetts 01703 USA
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, 3502, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3502, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew J. Schork
- Multimodal Imaging Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92161, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Center for Neuroimaging, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Jean Shin
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Elena Shumskaya
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Emma Sprooten
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Hartford, Connecticut 06114, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, 10029, USA
| | - Lachlan T. Strike
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez
- CIBERSAM (Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental), Santander, 39011, Spain
- Neuroimaging Unit, Technological Facilities. Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, 39011, Spain
| | | | - Daniah Trabzuni
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- GeneSTAR Research Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E Monument St Suite 8028, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Jeroen Van der Grond
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - Sven J. Van der Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Van der Meer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M. J. Van Donkelaar
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kristel R. Van Eijk
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Human Neurogenetics Unit, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Theo G. M. Van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
| | - Daan Van Rooij
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Walton
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, USA
| | - Lars T. Westlye
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, USA
| | - Christopher D. Whelan
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90292, USA
- The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Beverly G. Windham
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anderson M. Winkler
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216, USA
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Girma Woldehawariat
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, 35 Convent Drive, Rm 1A202, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3719, USA
| | - Christiane Wolf
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Wolfers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa R. Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E Monument St Suite 8028, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - Jingyun Yang
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
- University of Wuerzburg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Wuerzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Alex Zijdenbos
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Marcel P. Zwiers
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research and Development, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, 0319 Oslo, Norway
- Biospective Inc, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 6100 Avenue Royalmount, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4P 2R2
| | - Laura Almasy
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville/Edinburg/San Antonio, Texas, 78250, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - David Ames
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 29104, USA
- National Ageing Research Institute, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Lille University, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167—RID-AGE—Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sampath Arepalli
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3101, Australia
| | - Amelia A. Assareh
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Sandra Barral
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain; G.H. Sergievsky Center; Department of Neurology. Columbia University Medical Center, 639 West 1168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Mark E. Bastin
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Diane M. Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Center, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E Monument St Suite 8028, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | - James T. Becker
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
- University of Wuerzburg, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Wuerzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans van Bokhoven
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit & Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Forbes Ave., Suite 830, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Rachel M. Brouwer
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Han G. Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Dementia Collaborative Research Centre—Assessment and Better Care, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Randy L. Buckner
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Department of Clinical Genetics and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, 6525 GC, The Netherlands
| | - Kazima B. Bulayeva
- Department of Psychology, Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Wiepke Cahn
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Department of Evolution and Genetics, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala 367000, Dagestan, Russia
- The Mind Research Network & LBERI, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, USA
| | - Dara M. Cannon
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, 35 Convent Drive, Rm 1A202, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3719, USA
- Department of ECE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | | | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Academic Medicine Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Sven Cichon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mark R. Cookson
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3101, Australia
| | - Aiden Corvin
- Psychosis Research Group, Department of Psychiatry & Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, 39008 Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM (Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental), Santander, 39011, Spain
| | - Joanne E. Curran
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Czisch
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Gareth E. Davies
- Departments of Neurosciences, Radiology, Psychiatry, and Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | | | - Eco J. C. De Geus
- Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit & Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip L. De Jager
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
- Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02142, USA
| | | | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- INSERM Unit U1219, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,02118, USA
- Faculty of Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, 33076, France
| | - Norman Delanty
- The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Imaging of Dementia and Aging (IDeA) Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, 4860 Y Street, Suite 3700, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
| | | | - Anita DeStefano
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118 USA
- Framingham Heart Study, 17 Mount Wayte Avenue, Framingham, Massachusetts 01703 USA
| | - Allissa Dillman
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3101, Australia
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Hopital Erasme, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gary Donohoe
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, 0420 Oslo, Norway
- Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics Centre (NICOG) & NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Wayne C. Drevets
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, 35 Convent Drive, Rm 1A202, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3719, USA
- Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Trinity College Institute of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Ravi Duggirala
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas D. Dyer
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Enzinger
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Susanne Erk
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey 08560, USA
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, USA
| | - Iryna O. Fedko
- Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit & Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon E. Fisher
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Debra A. Fleischman
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Department of Neurological Sciences & Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G41 4DQ, UK
| | - Tatiana M. Foroud
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Peter T. Fox
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Clyde Francks
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, 6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - J. Raphael Gibbs
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3101, Australia
| | - David C. Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Hartford, Connecticut 06114, USA
| | - Randy L. Gollub
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Harald H. H. Göring
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert C. Green
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Sebastian Guelfi
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Asta K. Håberg
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Narelle K. Hansell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - John Hardy
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Department of Radiology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Katrin Hegenscheid
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey 08560, USA
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Dr Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Dena G. Hernandez
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3101, Australia
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dirk J. Heslenfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Beng-Choon Ho
- Department of Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. Hoekstra
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 USA
| | - Florian Holsboer
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 USA
| | - Norbert Hosten
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit & Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Masashi Ikeda
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Clifford R. Jack Jr
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Neurogenomics Division, 445N Fifth Street, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Mark Jenkinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216, USA
| | - Robert Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Erik G. Jönsson
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Biospective Inc, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 6100 Avenue Royalmount, Montréal, Québec, Canada H4P 2R2
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, The Netherlands
| | - René S. Kahn
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ryota Kanai
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
- NICHD Brain and Tissue Bank for Developmental Disorders, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK
| | - Iwona Kloszewska
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - David S. Knopman
- Department of Neuroinformatics, Araya Brain Imaging, Tokyo, 102-0093, Japan
| | | | - John B. Kwok
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21228, USA
| | - Stephen M. Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
| | - Hervé Lemaître
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, 35 Convent Drive, Rm 1A202, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3719, USA
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Dan L. Longo
- INSERM UMR 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot; University Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, University Paris Descartes, Maison de Solenn, Paris, 91400, France
| | - Oscar L. Lopez
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Simon Lovestone
- Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Forbes Ave., Suite 830, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Oliver Martinez
- Department of Neurology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, 33076, France
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Venkata S. Mattay
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Colm McDonald
- Department of ECE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Andrew M. McIntosh
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
| | - Francis J. McMahon
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, 35 Convent Drive, Rm 1A202, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3719, USA
| | - Katie L. McMahon
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mohnke
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey 08560, USA
| | - Grant W. Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Derek W. Morris
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, 0420 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas H. Mosley
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas W. Mühleisen
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael A. Nalls
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3101, Australia
| | - Matthias Nauck
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Translational Medicine, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas E. Nichols
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, 39216, USA
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Wiro J. Niessen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Statistics & WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Department of Medical Informatics Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Markus M. Nöthen
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology and Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kazutaka Ohi
- Department of Radiology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, 7030, Norway
| | - Rene L. Olvera
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Roel A. Ophoff
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | | | - Tomas Paus
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M6A 2E1
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 1R8
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
- Child Mind Institute, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G. Bruce Pike
- Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
| | - Steven G. Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, 1730 Minor Avenue/Suite 1360, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Joshua L. Roffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | | | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Mina Ryten
- Reta Lila Weston Institute and Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ralph L. Sacco
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA
| | - Perminder S. Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
| | - Andrew J. Saykin
- Center for Neuroimaging, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Peter R. Schofield
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, USA
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21228, USA
| | | | - Andrew Simmons
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Harrachgasse 21/III, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3101, Australia
| | - Sanjay M. Sisodiya
- UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom and Epilepsy Society, Bucks, SL9 0RJ, UK
| | - Colin Smith
- Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts 02141, USA
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- MRC Edinburgh Brain Bank, University of Edinburgh, Academic Department of Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB UK
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vidar M. Steen
- NORMENT—KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Dr Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - David J. Stott
- Neurocentre Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jessika E. Sussmann
- Division of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Arthur W. Toga
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G4 0SF, UK
| | - Bryan J. Traynor
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3101, Australia
| | - Juan Troncoso
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- INSERM Unit U1219, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
- 3rd Department of Neurology, "G. Papanicolaou", Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 57010, Greece
| | - Andre G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Maria C. Valdés Hernández
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Marcel Van der Brug
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aad van der Lugt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis van 't Ent
- Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit & Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Jose Van Tol
- Department of Psychiatry and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Badri N. Vardarajan
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain; G.H. Sergievsky Center; Department of Neurology. Columbia University Medical Center, 639 West 1168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Bruno Vellas
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neuroscience, 9713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey 08560, USA
| | - Joanna M. Wardlaw
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK
| | - Thomas H. Wassink
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, INSERM U1027, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, 31024, France
| | - Michael E. Weale
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Daniel R. Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Michael W. Weiner
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Neuroscience and the Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
| | - Eric Westman
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Disease, San Francisco VA Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tien Y. Wong
- Academic Medicine Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Clinton B. Wright
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Pediatrics at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502, USA
| | - Ronald H. Zielke
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas G. Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Cornelia M. Van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margaret J. Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - W. T. Longstreth
- Laboratory of Epidemiology & Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Gunter Schumann
- MRC-SGDP Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology, University of Washington, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98104-2420, USA
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, 17 Mount Wayte Avenue, Framingham, Massachusetts 01703 USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90292, USA
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Intramural Research Program, NIA, NIH, 7201 Wisconsin Ave, Suite 3C-309, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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van Rooij FJ, Qayyum R, Smith AV, Zhou Y, Trompet S, Tanaka T, Keller MF, Chang LC, Schmidt H, Yang ML, Chen MH, Hayes J, Johnson AD, Yanek LR, Mueller C, Lange L, Floyd JS, Ghanbari M, Zonderman AB, Jukema JW, Hofman A, van Duijn CM, Desch KC, Saba Y, Ozel AB, Snively BM, Wu JY, Schmidt R, Fornage M, Klein RJ, Fox CS, Matsuda K, Kamatani N, Wild PS, Stott DJ, Ford I, Slagboom PE, Yang J, Chu AY, Lambert AJ, Uitterlinden AG, Franco OH, Hofer E, Ginsburg D, Hu B, Keating B, Schick UM, Brody JA, Li JZ, Chen Z, Zeller T, Guralnik JM, Chasman DI, Peters LL, Kubo M, Becker DM, Li J, Eiriksdottir G, Rotter JI, Levy D, Grossmann V, Patel KV, Chen CH, Ridker PM, Tang H, Launer LJ, Rice KM, Li-Gao R, Ferrucci L, Evans MK, Choudhuri A, Trompouki E, Abraham BJ, Yang S, Takahashi A, Kamatani Y, Kooperberg C, Harris TB, Jee SH, Coresh J, Tsai FJ, Longo DL, Chen YT, Felix JF, Yang Q, Psaty BM, Boerwinkle E, Becker LC, Mook-Kanamori DO, Wilson JG, Gudnason V, O'Donnell CJ, Dehghan A, Cupples LA, Nalls MA, Morris AP, Okada Y, Reiner AP, Zon LI, Ganesh SK, Ganesh SK. Genome-wide Trans-ethnic Meta-analysis Identifies Seven Genetic Loci Influencing Erythrocyte Traits and a Role for RBPMS in Erythropoiesis. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 100:51-63. [PMID: 28017375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified loci for erythrocyte traits in primarily European ancestry populations. We conducted GWAS meta-analyses of six erythrocyte traits in 71,638 individuals from European, East Asian, and African ancestries using a Bayesian approach to account for heterogeneity in allelic effects and variation in the structure of linkage disequilibrium between ethnicities. We identified seven loci for erythrocyte traits including a locus (RBPMS/GTF2E2) associated with mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume. Statistical fine-mapping at this locus pointed to RBPMS at this locus and excluded nearby GTF2E2. Using zebrafish morpholino to evaluate loss of function, we observed a strong in vivo erythropoietic effect for RBPMS but not for GTF2E2, supporting the statistical fine-mapping at this locus and demonstrating that RBPMS is a regulator of erythropoiesis. Our findings show the utility of trans-ethnic GWASs for discovery and characterization of genetic loci influencing hematologic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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