1
|
Černá T, Ezechiáš M, Semerád J, Grasserová A, Cajthaml T. Evaluation of estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity in sludge and explanation of individual compound contributions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127108. [PMID: 34523467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mixture toxicity, including agonistic and antagonistic effects, is an unrevealed environmental problem. Estrogenic endocrine disruptors are known to cause adverse effects for aquatic biota, but causative chemicals and their contributions to the total activity in sewage sludge remain unknown. Therefore, advanced analytical methods, a yeast bioassay and mixture toxicity models were concurrently applied for the characterization of 8 selected sludges with delectable estrogenic activity (and 3 sludges with no activity as blanks) out of 25 samples from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The first applied full logistic model adequately explained total activity by considering the concentrations of the monitored compounds. The results showed that the activity was primarily caused by natural estrogens in municipal WWTP sludge. Nevertheless, activity in a sample originating from a car-wash facility was dominantly caused by partial agonists - nonylphenols - and only a model enabling prediction of all dose-response curve parameters of the final mixture curve explained these results. Antiestrogenic effects were negligible, and effect-directed analysis identified the causative chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Černá
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Ezechiáš
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Grasserová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cavallin JE, Beihoffer J, Blackwell BR, Cole AR, Ekman DR, Hofer R, Jastrow A, Kinsey J, Keteles K, Maloney EM, Parman J, Winkelman DL, Villeneuve DL. Effects-based monitoring of bioactive compounds associated with municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge to the South Platte River, Colorado, USA. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117928. [PMID: 34426200 PMCID: PMC9169558 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have detected numerous organic contaminants and in vitro bioactivities in surface water from the South Platte River near Denver, Colorado, USA. To evaluate the temporal and spatial distribution of selected contaminants of emerging concern, water samples were collected throughout 2018 and 2019 at 11 sites within the S. Platte River and surrounding tributaries with varying proximities to a major wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Water samples were analyzed for pharmaceuticals, pesticides, steroid hormones, and wastewater indicators and screened for in vitro biological activities. Multiplexed, in vitro assays that simultaneously screen for agonistic activity against 24 human nuclear receptors detected estrogen receptor (ER), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) bioactivities in water samples near the WWTP outflow. Targeted in vitro bioassays assessing ER, GR, and PPARγ agonism corroborated bioactivities for ER (up to 55 ± 9.7 ng/L 17β-estradiol equivalents) and GR (up to 156 ± 28 ng/L dexamethasone equivalents), while PPARγ activity was not confirmed. To evaluate the potential in vivo significance of the bioactive contaminants, sexually-mature fathead minnows were caged at six locations upstream and downstream of the WWTP for 5 days after which targeted gene expression analyses were performed. Significant up-regulation of male hepatic vitellogenin was observed at sites with corresponding in vitro ER activity. No site-related differences in GR-related transcript abundance were detected in female adipose or male livers, suggesting observed environmental concentrations of GR-active contaminants do not induce a detectable in vivo response. In line with the lack of detectable targeted in vitro PPARɣ activity, there were no significant effects on PPARɣ-related gene expression. Although the chemicals responsible for GR and PPAR-mediated bioactivities are unknown, results from the present study provide insights into the significance (or lack thereof) of these bioactivities relative to short-term in situ fish exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E Cavallin
- US EPA, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA.
| | - Jon Beihoffer
- US EPA, National Enforcement Investigations Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Brett R Blackwell
- US EPA, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Alexander R Cole
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, US EPA, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Drew R Ekman
- US EPA, Ecosystem Processes Division, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Rachel Hofer
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, US EPA, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Kristen Keteles
- US EPA, National Enforcement Investigations Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Erin M Maloney
- University of Minnesota, Cooperative Training Agreement, US EPA, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Jordan Parman
- Metro Wastewater Reclamation District, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Dana L Winkelman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cavallin JE, Battaglin WA, Beihoffer J, Blackwell BR, Bradley PM, Cole AR, Ekman DR, Hofer RN, Kinsey J, Keteles K, Weissinger R, Winkelman DL, Villeneuve DL. Effects-Based Monitoring of Bioactive Chemicals Discharged to the Colorado River before and after a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Replacement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:974-984. [PMID: 33373525 PMCID: PMC8135223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of the Colorado River near the Moab, Utah, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) outflow has detected pharmaceuticals, hormones, and estrogen-receptor (ER)-, glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ)-mediated biological activities. The aim of the present multi-year study was to assess effects of a WWTP replacement on bioactive chemical (BC) concentrations. Water samples were collected bimonthly, pre- and post-replacement, at 11 sites along the Colorado River upstream and downstream of the WWTP and analyzed for in vitro bioactivities (e.g., agonism of ER, GR, and PPARγ) and BC concentrations; fathead minnows were cage deployed pre- and post-replacement at sites with varying proximities to the WWTP. Before the WWTP replacement, in vitro ER (24 ng 17β-estradiol equivalents/L)-, GR (60 ng dexamethasone equivalents/L)-, and PPARγ-mediated activities were detected at the WWTP outflow but diminished downstream. In March 2018, the WWTP effluent was acutely toxic to the fish, likely due to elevated ammonia concentrations. Following the WWTP replacement, ER, GR, and PPARγ bioactivities were reduced by approximately 60-79%, no toxicity was observed in caged fish, and there were marked decreases in concentrations of many BCs. Results suggest that replacement of the Moab WWTP achieved a significant reduction in BC concentrations to the Colorado River.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E. Cavallin
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN
- Corresponding author: Jenna E. Cavallin, US Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, , 218-529-5246
| | | | - Jon Beihoffer
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Enforcement Investigations Center, Region 8, Denver, CO
| | - Brett R. Blackwell
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN
| | - Paul M. Bradley
- U.S. Geological Survey, South Atlantic Water Science Center, Columbia, SC
| | - Alex R. Cole
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ORISE Participant, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN
| | - Drew R. Ekman
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ecosystem Processes Division, Athens, GA
| | - Rachel N. Hofer
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ORISE Participant, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN
| | - Julie Kinsey
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8, Denver, CO
| | - Kristen Keteles
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Enforcement Investigations Center, Region 8, Denver, CO
| | | | - Dana L. Winkelman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Daniel L. Villeneuve
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu N, Liu Y, Tan X, Li M, Liu S, Hu X, Zhang P, Dai M, Xu W, Wen J. Synthesis a graphene-like magnetic biochar by potassium ferrate for 17β-estradiol removal: Effects of Al 2O 3 nanoparticles and microplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136723. [PMID: 32014761 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A graphene-like magnetic biochar (GLMB) was synthesized using lotus seedpod and potassium ferrate with simple step and applied for E2 adsorption. GLMB was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman, X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and BET surface area. Several common (solution pH, ionic strength, humic acid and foreign ions) and new (Al2O3 nanoparticles and microplastics (MPs)) water experiment conditions were investigated. Characterization results demonstrated that the sample was fabricated successfully and it possessed some graphene-like properties and a large surface area (828.37 m2/g). Adsorption results revealed that the pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models could provide a better description for E2 uptake behavior. The E2 adsorption capacity could be influenced by solution pH, ionic strength and SO42- ions, and the effect of humic acid and background electrolyte (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO3-, PO43-) could be neglected. The presences of Al2O3/MPs significantly decreased the time to reach adsorption equilibrium for E2 adsorption on GLMB, but had no obvious improvement or inhibiting effects on E2 removal when the adsorption reached equilibrium. The adsorption mechanism for E2 adsorption on GLMB was multiple, which involving π-π interactions, micropore filling effects, electrostatic interaction. The regeneration experiments showed that GLMB possessed a good regeneration performance. Based on the experimental results and comparative analysis with other adsorbents, GLMB was an economical, high-efficiency, green and recyclable adsorbent for E2 removal from aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yunguo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Meifang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Shaobo Liu
- School of Architecture and Art, Central South University, Changsha 410082, PR China; School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xinjiang Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Mingyang Dai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Weihua Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jun Wen
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Medlock Kakaley E, Cardon MC, Gray LE, Hartig PC, Wilson VS. Generalized Concentration Addition Model Predicts Glucocorticoid Activity Bioassay Responses to Environmentally Detected Receptor-Ligand Mixtures. Toxicol Sci 2020; 168:252-263. [PMID: 30535411 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonists have been detected in waste and surface waters domestically and around the world, but the way a mixture of these environmental compounds may elicit a total glucocorticoid activity response in water samples remains unknown. Therefore, we characterized 19 GR ligands using a CV1 cell line transcriptional activation assay applicable to water quality monitoring. Cells were treated with individual GR ligands, a fixed ratio mixture of full or partial agonists, or a nonequipotent mixture with full and partial agonists. Efficacy varied (48.09%-102.5%) and potency ranged over several orders of magnitude (1.278 × 10-10 to 3.93 × 10-8 M). Concentration addition (CA) and response addition (RA) mixtures models accurately predicted equipotent mixture responses of full agonists (r2 = 0.992 and 0.987, respectively). However, CA and RA models assume mixture compounds produce full agonist-like responses, and therefore they overestimated observed maximal efficacies for mixtures containing partial agonists. The generalized concentration addition (GCA) model mathematically permits < 100% maximal responses, and fell within the 95% confidence interval bands of mixture responses containing partial agonists. The GCA, but not CA and RA, model predictions of nonequipotent mixtures containing both full and partial agonists fell within the same statistical distribution as the observed values, reinforcing the practicality of the GCA model as the best overall model for predicting GR activation. Elucidating the mechanistic basis of GR activation by mixtures of previously detected environmental GR ligands will benefit the interpretation of environmental sample contents in future water quality monitoring studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Medlock Kakaley
- *U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxicity Assessment Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Curriculum in Toxicology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Mary C Cardon
- *U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxicity Assessment Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - L Earl Gray
- *U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxicity Assessment Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Phillip C Hartig
- *U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxicity Assessment Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Vickie S Wilson
- *U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxicity Assessment Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Duan Q, Li X, Wu Z, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Chen C, Li J. Adsorption of 17β-estradiol from aqueous solutions by a novel hierarchically nitrogen-doped porous carbon. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 533:700-708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
7
|
Shappell NW. Use of fixed ratios in mixture studies, in vitro evidence of issues. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2018; 14:420-422. [PMID: 29653468 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy W Shappell
- Biosciences Research Laboratory, Red River Agricultural Research Center, ARS-USDA, Fargo, North Dakota
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ting YF, Praveena SM, Aris AZ, Ismail SNS, Rasdi I. Mathematical modeling for estrogenic activity prediction of 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethynylestradiol mixtures in wastewater treatment plants effluent. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:1327-1335. [PMID: 28975452 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Steroid estrogens such as 17β-Estradiol (E2) and 17α-Ethynylestradiol (EE2) are highly potent estrogens that widely detected in environmental samples. Mathematical modelling such as concentration addition (CA) and estradiol equivalent concentration (EEQ) models are usually associated with measuring techniques to assess risk, predict the mixture response and evaluate the estrogenic activity of mixture. Wastewater has played a crucial role because wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is the major sources of estrogenic activity in aquatic environment. The aims of this is to determine E2 and EE2 concentrations in six WWTPs effluent, to predict the estrogenic activity of the WWTPs effluent using CA and EEQ models where lastly the effectiveness of two models is evaluated. Results showed that all the six WWTPs effluent had relative high E2 concentration (35.1-85.2 ng/L) compared to EE2 (0.02-1.0 ng/L). The estrogenic activity predicted by CA model was similar among the six WWTPs (105.4 ng/L), due to the similarity of individual dose potency ratio calculated by respective WWTPs. The predicted total EEQ was ranged from 35.1 EEQ-ng/L to 85.3 EEQ-ng/L, explained by high E2 concentration in WWTPs effluent and E2 EEF value that standardized to 1.0 μg/L. The CA model is more effective than EEQ model in estrogenic activity prediction because EEQ model used less data and causes disassociation from the predicted behavior. Although both models predicted relative high estrogenic activity in WWTPs effluent, dilution effects in receiving river may lower the estrogenic response to aquatic inhabitants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yien Fang Ting
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty Of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sarva Mangala Praveena
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty Of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Environmental Forensics Research Centre, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed Ismail
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty Of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Irniza Rasdi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty Of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Conley JM, Evans N, Mash H, Rosenblum L, Schenck K, Glassmeyer S, Furlong ET, Kolpin DW, Wilson VS. Comparison of in vitro estrogenic activity and estrogen concentrations in source and treated waters from 25 U.S. drinking water treatment plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 579:1610-1617. [PMID: 26936661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In vitro bioassays have been successfully used to screen for estrogenic activity in wastewater and surface water, however, few have been applied to treated drinking water. Here, extracts of source and treated water samples were assayed for estrogenic activity using T47D-KBluc cells and analyzed by liquid chromatography-Fourier transform mass spectrometry (LC-FTMS) for natural and synthetic estrogens (including estrone, 17β-estradiol, estriol, and ethinyl estradiol). None of the estrogens were detected above the LC-FTMS quantification limits in treated samples and only 5 source waters had quantifiable concentrations of estrone, whereas 3 treated samples and 16 source samples displayed in vitro estrogenicity. Estrone accounted for the majority of estrogenic activity in respective samples, however the remaining samples that displayed estrogenic activity had no quantitative detections of known estrogenic compounds by chemical analyses. Source water estrogenicity (max, 0.47ng 17β-estradiol equivalents (E2Eq) L-1) was below levels that have been linked to adverse effects in fish and other aquatic organisms. Treated water estrogenicity (max, 0.078ngE2EqL-1) was considerably below levels that are expected to be biologically relevant to human consumers. Overall, the advantage of using in vitro techniques in addition to analytical chemical determinations was displayed by the sensitivity of the T47D-KBluc bioassay, coupled with the ability to measure cumulative effects of mixtures, specifically when unknown chemicals may be present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Conley
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxicity Assessment Division, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Nicola Evans
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxicity Assessment Division, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Heath Mash
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | | | - Kathleen Schenck
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Water Supply and Water Resources Division, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Susan Glassmeyer
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Microbial and Chemical Exposure Assessment Research Division, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Ed T Furlong
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Dana W Kolpin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Iowa Water Science Center, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Vickie S Wilson
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxicity Assessment Division, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ning Q, Liu Y, Liu S, Jiang L, Zeng G, Zeng Z, Wang X, Li J, Kare Z. Fabrication of hydrochar functionalized Fe–Mn binary oxide nanocomposites: characterization and 17β-estradiol removal. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06065c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, Fe–Mn binary oxide modified hydrochar (hydrochar-FMBO) was successfully prepared by deposition of Fe–Mn binary oxide (FMBO) nanoparticles on pristine hydrochar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qimeng Ning
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning
| | - Yunguo Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control
| | - Shaobo Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Luhua Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control
| | - Zhiwei Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning
| | - Jiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control
| | - Zulhumar Kare
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Di Paolo C, Ottermanns R, Keiter S, Ait-Aissa S, Bluhm K, Brack W, Breitholtz M, Buchinger S, Carere M, Chalon C, Cousin X, Dulio V, Escher BI, Hamers T, Hilscherová K, Jarque S, Jonas A, Maillot-Marechal E, Marneffe Y, Nguyen MT, Pandard P, Schifferli A, Schulze T, Seidensticker S, Seiler TB, Tang J, van der Oost R, Vermeirssen E, Zounková R, Zwart N, Hollert H. Bioassay battery interlaboratory investigation of emerging contaminants in spiked water extracts - Towards the implementation of bioanalytical monitoring tools in water quality assessment and monitoring. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 104:473-484. [PMID: 27585427 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Bioassays are particularly useful tools to link the chemical and ecological assessments in water quality monitoring. Different methods cover a broad range of toxicity mechanisms in diverse organisms, and account for risks posed by non-target compounds and mixtures. Many tests are already applied in chemical and waste assessments, and stakeholders from the science-police interface have recommended their integration in regulatory water quality monitoring. Still, there is a need to address bioassay suitability to evaluate water samples containing emerging pollutants, which are a current priority in water quality monitoring. The presented interlaboratory study (ILS) verified whether a battery of miniaturized bioassays, conducted in 11 different laboratories following their own protocols, would produce comparable results when applied to evaluate blinded samples consisting of a pristine water extract spiked with four emerging pollutants as single chemicals or mixtures, i.e. triclosan, acridine, 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA). Assays evaluated effects on aquatic organisms from three different trophic levels (algae, daphnids, zebrafish embryos) and mechanism-specific effects using in vitro estrogenicity (ER-Luc, YES) and mutagenicity (Ames fluctuation) assays. The test battery presented complementary sensitivity and specificity to evaluate the different blinded water extract spikes. Aquatic organisms differed in terms of sensitivity to triclosan (algae > daphnids > fish) and acridine (fish > daphnids > algae) spikes, confirming the complementary role of the three taxa for water quality assessment. Estrogenicity and mutagenicity assays identified with high precision the respective mechanism-specific effects of spikes even when non-specific toxicity occurred in mixture. For estrogenicity, although differences were observed between assays and models, EE2 spike relative induction EC50 values were comparable to the literature, and E2/EE2 equivalency factors reliably reflected the sample content. In the Ames, strong revertant induction occurred following 3-NBA spike incubation with the TA98 strain, which was of lower magnitude after metabolic transformation and when compared to TA100. Differences in experimental protocols, model organisms, and data analysis can be sources of variation, indicating that respective harmonized standard procedures should be followed when implementing bioassays in water monitoring. Together with other ongoing activities for the validation of a basic bioassay battery, the present study is an important step towards the implementation of bioanalytical monitoring tools in water quality assessment and monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Di Paolo
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Richard Ottermanns
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steffen Keiter
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Kerstin Bluhm
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Magnus Breitholtz
- Department of Applied Environmental Science - ITM, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Buchinger
- Department Biochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Koblenz, Germany
| | | | - Carole Chalon
- ISSeP (Scientific Institute of Public Service), Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
| | - Xavier Cousin
- Laboratoire d'Ecotoxicologie, Ifremer, L'Houmeau, France; Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génétique des Poissons, Inra, Rennes, France
| | | | - Beate I Escher
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany; National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology - Entox, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Applied Geosciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Timo Hamers
- Institute for Environmental Studies -IVM, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment - RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sergio Jarque
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment - RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Jonas
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment - RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Yves Marneffe
- ISSeP (Scientific Institute of Public Service), Liège, Wallonia, Belgium
| | | | | | - Andrea Schifferli
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology Eawag-EPFL, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Schulze
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven Seidensticker
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Centre for Applied Geosciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Janet Tang
- National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology - Entox, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ron van der Oost
- WATERNET Institute for the Urban Water Cycle, Division of Technology Research & Engineering, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Radka Zounková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment - RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nick Zwart
- Institute for Environmental Studies -IVM, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henner Hollert
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu SS, Li K, Li T, Qu R. Comments on "The synergistic toxicity of the multi chemical mixtures: Implications for risk assessment in the terrestrial environment". ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 94:396-398. [PMID: 27307032 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Shen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 20009, China.
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 20009, China
| | - Rui Qu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 20009, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pow CSL, Yost EE, Aday DD, Kullman SW. Sharing the Roles: An Assessment of Japanese Medaka Estrogen Receptors in Vitellogenin Induction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:8886-95. [PMID: 27391190 PMCID: PMC5443407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Teleost fish express at least three estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes. To date, however, the individual role of these ER subtypes in regulating expression of estrogen responsive genes remains ambiguous. Here, we investigate putative roles of three ER subtypes in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), using vitellogenin (VTG) I and II as model genes. We identify specific ligand/receptor/promoter dynamics, using transient transactivation assays that incorporate luciferase reporters comprising 3kb promoter/enhancer regions of medaka VTGI and VTGII genes. Four steroidal estrogens (17β-estradiol, estrone, estriol, and 17α-estradiol) were tested in these assays. Results indicate that all three medaka ERs (mERs) are capable of initiating transactivation of both VTG I and II, with ERβ2 exhibiting greatest activity. Promoter deletion analysis suggests that ligand-specific receptor transactivation and utilization of regional-specific estrogen response elements may be associated with differential activities of each medaka ER. Further, cluster analysis of in vivo gene expression and in vitro transactivation suggests that all three ER subtypes putatively play a role in up-regulation of VTG. Results illustrate that preferential ligand/receptor/promoter interactions may have direct implications for VTG gene expression and other ER-mediated regulatory functions that are relevant to the risk assessment of estrogenic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Crystal S.D. Lee Pow
- North Carolina State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Program, 850 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Erin E. Yost
- North Carolina State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Program, 850 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - D. Derek Aday
- North Carolina State University, Department of Applied Ecology, 127 David Clark Labs, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Seth W. Kullman
- North Carolina State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Program, 850 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Conley JM, Hannas BR, Furr JR, Wilson VS, Gray LE. A Demonstration of the Uncertainty in Predicting the Estrogenic Activity of Individual Chemicals and Mixtures From an In Vitro Estrogen Receptor Transcriptional Activation Assay (T47D-KBluc) to the In Vivo Uterotrophic Assay Using Oral Exposure. Toxicol Sci 2016; 153:382-95. [PMID: 27473340 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro estrogen receptor assays are valuable tools for identifying environmental samples and chemicals that display estrogenic activity. However, in vitro potency cannot necessarily be extrapolated to estimates of in vivo potency because in vitro assays are currently unable to fully account for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. To explore this issue, we calculated relative potency factors (RPF), using 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) as the reference compound, for several chemicals and mixtures in the T47D-KBluc estrogen receptor transactivation assay. In vitro RPFs were used to predict rat oral uterotrophic assay responses for these chemicals and mixtures. EE2, 17β-estradiol (E2), benzyl-butyl phthalate (BBP), bisphenol-A (BPA), bisphenol-AF (BPAF), bisphenol-C (BPC), bisphenol-S (BPS), and methoxychlor (MET) were tested individually, while BPS + MET, BPAF + MET, and BPAF + BPC + BPS + EE2 + MET were tested as equipotent mixtures. In vivo ED50 values for BPA, BPAF, and BPC were accurately predicted using in vitro data; however, E2 was less potent than predicted, BBP was a false positive, and BPS and MET were 76.6 and 368.3-fold more active in vivo than predicted from the in vitro potency, respectively. Further, mixture ED50 values were more accurately predicted by the dose addition model using individual chemical in vivo uterotrophic data (0.7-1.5-fold difference from observed) than in vitro data (1.4-86.8-fold). Overall, these data illustrate the potential for both underestimating and overestimating in vivo potency from predictions made with in vitro data for compounds that undergo substantial disposition following oral administration. Accounting for aspects of toxicokinetics, notably metabolism, in in vitro models will be necessary for accurate in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Conley
- *Toxicity Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Bethany R Hannas
- *Toxicity Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan 48674
| | - Johnathan R Furr
- *Toxicity Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Southern Research, Birmingham, Alabama 35205
| | - Vickie S Wilson
- *Toxicity Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - L Earl Gray
- *Toxicity Assessment Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cavallin JE, Jensen KM, Kahl MD, Villeneuve DL, Lee KE, Schroeder AL, Mayasich J, Eid EP, Nelson KR, Milsk RY, Blackwell BR, Berninger JP, LaLone CA, Blanksma C, Jicha T, Elonen C, Johnson R, Ankley GT. Pathway-based approaches for assessment of real-time exposure to an estrogenic wastewater treatment plant effluent on fathead minnow reproduction. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:702-716. [PMID: 26332155 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are known contributors of chemical mixtures into the environment. Of particular concern are endocrine-disrupting compounds, such as estrogens, which can affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function in exposed organisms. The present study examined reproductive effects in fathead minnows exposed for 21 d to a historically estrogenic WWTP effluent. Fathead minnow breeding pairs were held in control water or 1 of 3 effluent concentrations (5%, 20%, and 100%) in a novel onsite, flow-through system providing real-time exposure. The authors examined molecular and biochemical endpoints representing key events along adverse outcome pathways linking estrogen receptor activation and other molecular initiating events to reproductive impairment. In addition, the authors used chemical analysis of the effluent to construct a chemical-gene interaction network to aid in targeted gene expression analyses and identifying potentially impacted biological pathways. Cumulative fecundity was significantly reduced in fish exposed to 100% effluent but increased in those exposed to 20% effluent, the approximate dilution factor in the receiving waters. Plasma vitellogenin concentrations in males increased in a dose-dependent manner with effluent concentration; however, male fertility was not impacted. Although in vitro analyses, analytical chemistry, and biomarker responses confirmed the effluent was estrogenic, estrogen receptor agonists were unlikely the primary driver of impaired reproduction. The results provide insights into the significance of pathway-based effects with regard to predicting adverse reproductive outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E Cavallin
- ORISE Research Participation Program, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
- Integrated Biosciences Graduate Program, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kathleen M Jensen
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael D Kahl
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kathy E Lee
- Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, US Geological Survey, Grand Rapids, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anthony L Schroeder
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, University of Minnesota-Water Resources Center, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joe Mayasich
- Western Lake Superior Sanitary District, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Evan P Eid
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Krysta R Nelson
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rebecca Y Milsk
- ORISE Research Participation Program, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brett R Blackwell
- ORISE Research Participation Program, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jason P Berninger
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carlie A LaLone
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Chad Blanksma
- Badger Technical Services, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Terri Jicha
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Colleen Elonen
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Rodney Johnson
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gerald T Ankley
- Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
An exposure:activity profiling method for interpreting high-throughput screening data for estrogenic activity—Proof of concept. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 71:398-408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
17
|
Diller M, Schüler S, Buchholz S, Lattrich C, Treeck O, Ortmann O. Effects of estriol on growth, gene expression and estrogen response element activation in human breast cancer cell lines. Maturitas 2014; 77:336-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
18
|
Jarošová B, Bláha L, Giesy JP, Hilscherová K. What level of estrogenic activity determined by in vitro assays in municipal waste waters can be considered as safe? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 64:98-109. [PMID: 24384232 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In vitro assays are broadly used tools to evaluate the estrogenic activity in Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) effluents and their receiving rivers. Since potencies of individual estrogens to induce in vitro and in vivo responses can differ it is not possible to directly evaluate risks based on in vitro measures of estrogenic activity. Estrone, 17beta-estradiol, 17alfa-ethinylestradiol and to some extent, estriol have been shown to be responsible for the majority of in vitro estrogenic activity of municipal WWTP effluents. Therefore, in the present study safe concentrations of Estrogenic Equivalents (EEQs-SSE) in municipal WWTP effluents were derived based on simplified assumption that the steroid estrogens are responsible for all estrogenicity determined with particular in vitro assays. EEQs-SSEs were derived using the bioassay and testing protocol-specific in vitro potencies of steroid estrogens, in vivo predicted no effect concentration (PNECs) of these compounds, and their relative contributions to the overall estrogenicity detected in municipal WWTP effluents. EEQs-SSEs for 15 individual bioassays varied from 0.1 to 0.4ng EEQ/L. The EEQs-SSEs are supposed to be increased by use of location-specific dilution factors of WWTP effluents entering receiving rivers. They are applicable to municipal wastewater and rivers close to their discharges, but not to industrial waste waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Jarošová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Bláha
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Biomedical Veterinary Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Alvarez DA, Shappell NW, Billey LO, Bermudez DS, Wilson VS, Kolpin DW, Perkins SD, Evans N, Foreman WT, Gray JL, Shipitalo MJ, Meyer MT. Bioassay of estrogenicity and chemical analyses of estrogens in streams across the United States associated with livestock operations. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:3347-63. [PMID: 23623470 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Animal manures, used as a nitrogen source for crop production, are often associated with negative impacts on nutrient levels in surface water. The concentrations of estrogens in streams from these manures also are of concern due to potential endocrine disruption in aquatic species. Streams associated with livestock operations were sampled by discrete samples (n = 38) or by time-integrated polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS, n = 19). Samples were analyzed for estrogens by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS(2)) and estrogenic activity was assessed by three bioassays: Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES), T47D-KBluc Assay, MCF-7 Estrogenicity Screen (E-Screen). Samples were collected from 19 streams within small (≈ 1-30 km(2)) watersheds in 12 U.S. states representing a range of hydrogeologic conditions, dominated by: dairy (3), grazing beef (3), feedlot cattle (1); swine (5); poultry (3); and 4 areas where no livestock were raised or manure was applied. Water samples were consistently below the United Kingdom proposed Lowest Observable Effect Concentration for 17β-estradiol in fish (10 ng/L) in all watersheds, regardless of land use. Estrogenic activity was often higher in samples during runoff conditions following a period of manure application. Estrone was the most commonly detected estrogen (13 of 38 water samples, mean 1.9, maximum 8.3 ng/L). Because of the T47D-KBluc assay's sensitivity towards estrone (1.4 times 17β-estradiol) it was the most sensitive method for detecting estrogens, followed by the E-Screen, GC-MS(2), and YES. POCIS resulted in more frequent detections of estrogens than discrete water samples across all sites, even when applying the less-sensitive YES bioassay to the POCIS extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A Alvarez
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, 4200 New Haven Road, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bertin MJ, Moeller P, Guillette LJ, Chapman RW. Using machine learning tools to model complex toxic interactions with limited sampling regimes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:2728-2736. [PMID: 23402624 DOI: 10.1021/es3033549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A major impediment to understanding the impact of environmental stress, including toxins and other pollutants, on organisms, is that organisms are rarely challenged by one or a few stressors in natural systems. Thus, linking laboratory experiments that are limited by practical considerations to a few stressors and a few levels of these stressors to real world conditions is constrained. In addition, while the existence of complex interactions among stressors can be identified by current statistical methods, these methods do not provide a means to construct mathematical models of these interactions. In this paper, we offer a two-step process by which complex interactions of stressors on biological systems can be modeled in an experimental design that is within the limits of practicality. We begin with the notion that environment conditions circumscribe an n-dimensional hyperspace within which biological processes or end points are embedded. We then randomly sample this hyperspace to establish experimental conditions that span the range of the relevant parameters and conduct the experiment(s) based upon these selected conditions. Models of the complex interactions of the parameters are then extracted using machine learning tools, specifically artificial neural networks. This approach can rapidly generate highly accurate models of biological responses to complex interactions among environmentally relevant toxins, identify critical subspaces where nonlinear responses exist, and provide an expedient means of designing traditional experiments to test the impact of complex mixtures on biological responses. Further, this can be accomplished with an astonishingly small sample size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Bertin
- MUSC/Marine Biomedicine & Environmental Sciences, Hollings Marine Laboratory, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, South Carolina 29412, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|