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Lee Y, Iqbal N, Lee MH, Park DS, Kim YS. Anti-Obesity Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus DS0079 (YBS1) by Inhibition of Adipocyte Differentiation through Regulation of p38 MAPK/PPARγ Signaling. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1073-1081. [PMID: 38719777 PMCID: PMC11180917 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2402.02012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is spawned by an inequality between the portion of energy consumed and the quantity of energy expended. Disease entities such as cardiovascular disease, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, and cancer, which are correlated with obesity, influence society and the economy. Suppression of adipogenesis, the process of white adipocyte generation, remains a promising approach for treating obesity. Oil Red O staining was used to differentiate 3T3-L1 cells for screening 20 distinct Lactobacillus species. Among these, Lactobacillus acidophilus DS0079, referred to as YBS1, was selected for further study. YBS1 therapy decreased 3T3-L1 cell development. Triglyceride accumulation and mRNA expression of the primary adipogenic marker, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), including its downstream target genes, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 and adiponectin, were almost eliminated. YBS1 inhibited adipocyte differentiation at the early stage (days 0-2), but no significant difference was noted between the mid-stage (days 2-4) and late-stage (days 4-6) development. YBS1 stimulated the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) during the early stages of adipogenesis; however, this effect was eliminated by the SB203580 inhibitor. The data showed that YBS1 administration inhibited the initial development of adipocytes via stimulation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, which in turn controlled PPARγ expression. In summary, YBS1 has potential efficacy as an anti-obesity supplement and requires further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youri Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Navid Iqbal
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Lee
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Sang Park
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sik Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
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2
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Sun C, Liu Q, Ye X, Li R, Meng M, Han X. The Role of Probiotics in Managing Glucose Homeostasis in Adults with Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:5996218. [PMID: 38529045 PMCID: PMC10963111 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5996218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Analysis checklist was used. A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted through August 2022 to assess the impact of probiotics on blood glucose, lipid, and inflammatory markers in adults with prediabetes. Data were pooled using a random effects model and were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was evaluated and quantified as I2. Results Seven publications with a total of 550 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Probiotics were found to significantly reduce the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (SMD -0.44; 95% CI -0.84, -0.05; p = 0.03; I2 = 76.13%, p < 0.001) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (SMD -0.27; 95% CI -0.45, -0.09; p < 0.001; I2 = 0.50%, p = 0.36) and improve the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (SMD -8.94; 95% CI -14.91, -2.97; p = 0.003; I2 = 80.24%, p < 0.001), when compared to the placebo group. However, no significant difference was observed in fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and body mass index. Subgroup analyses showed that probiotics significantly reduced HbA1c in adults with prediabetes in Oceania, intervention duration of ≥3 months, and sample size <30. Conclusions Collectively, our meta-analysis revealed that probiotics had a significant impact on reducing the levels of HbA1c and HOMA-IR and improving the level of HDL in adults with prediabetes, which indicated a potential role in regulating blood glucose homeostasis. However, given the limited number of studies included in this analysis and the potential for bias, further large-scale, higher-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings. This trial is registered with CRD42022358379.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingyin Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaona Ye
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Miaomiao Meng
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xingjun Han
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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3
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Zheng Y, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Zhang T, Teng X, Xiao G, Huang S. Isolation of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain and its anti-obesity effect in a diet induced obese murine model. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae021. [PMID: 38400571 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota is a potential determinant of obesity, with probiotic bile salt hydrolase (BSH) as one of the key mechanisms in the anti-obesity effects. In this study, we present a Lactobacillus acidophilus GOLDGUT-LA100 (LA100) with high BSH activity, good gastric acid and bile salt tolerance, and a potential anti-obesity effect. LA100's anti-obesity effects were evaluated in a high-fat diet-induced, obese mouse model. LA100 administration alleviates high-fat diet-induced pathophysiological symptoms, such as body weight gain, high serum glucose and cholesterol level, hepatic lipid accumulation, and adipose inflammation. These results demonstrate concrete anti-obesity benefit in animal models and show promising applications in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyi Zheng
- Wonderlab Innovation Centre for Healthcare, Shenzhen Porshealth Bioengineering Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Silu Zhang
- Wonderlab Innovation Centre for Healthcare, Shenzhen Porshealth Bioengineering Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhizhu Zhang
- Wonderlab Innovation Centre for Healthcare, Shenzhen Porshealth Bioengineering Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | | | - Xin Teng
- Bluepha Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Guoxun Xiao
- Wonderlab Innovation Centre for Healthcare, Shenzhen Porshealth Bioengineering Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Song Huang
- Bluepha Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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4
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El Maksoud AIA, Al-Karmalawy AA, ElEbeedy D, Ghanem A, Rasheed Y, Ibrahim IA, Elghaish RA, Belal A, Raslan MA, Taher RF. Symbiotic Antidiabetic Effect of Lactobacillus casei and the Bioactive Extract of Cleome droserifolia (Forssk.) Del. on Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Induced by Alloxan. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301397. [PMID: 38078801 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The consumption of probiotics protects pancreatic β-cells from oxidative damage, delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and preventing microvascular and macrovascular complications. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of CDE fermented by Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 39539) (LC) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The oxidative stress identified by catalase (CAT), serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea, and uric acid were measured. The chemical profiles of the plant extract and the fermented extract were studied using HPLC/MS. The potential of the compounds towards the binding pockets of aldose reductase and PPAR was discovered by molecular docking. A significant reduction in fasting blood glucose in alloxan-treated rats. The CAT showed a significant decrease in diabetic rats. Also, serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea, and uric acid were significantly decreased in the mixture group. Mild histological changes of pancreatic and kidney tissues suggested that the mixture of probiotics and cleome possesses a marked anti-diabetic effect. Overall, the study suggests that the combination of Cleome droserifolia fermented by Lactobacillus casei exhibits significant antidiabetic activity (p-value=0.05), reduces oxidative stress, improves lipid profiles, and shows potential for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I Abd El Maksoud
- Industrial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Dalia ElEbeedy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aml Ghanem
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Rasheed
- College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A Ibrahim
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | | | - Amany Belal
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Mona A Raslan
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Rehab F Taher
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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5
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Qu Q, He P, Zhang Y, Yang S, Zeng P. The Intervention of Probiotics on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Animal Models. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2200815. [PMID: 37967330 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes accounts for more than 90% of diabetes patients with the incidence and prevalence continuously rising globally. As a prospective therapy strategy for type 2 diabetes, probiotics have shown beneficial effects both in animal experiments and human clinical trials. This review summarizes the commonly used animal models in probiotic intervention research and presents the evidence and mechanism of diabetes intervention with probiotics in these animal models. Probiotics can help maintain glucose homeostasis, improve lipid metabolism, promote the production of short-chain fatty acids, and reduce inflammatory reactions in animal models. However, the clinical translation of benefits from probiotics is still challenged by intrinsic differences between experimental animal models and humans, and the application of humanized non-rodent diabetic animal models may contribute to the clinical translation of probiotics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Qu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Penggang He
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Shujuan Yang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61000, China
| | - Peibin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61000, China
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Ahmad J, Khan I, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF. The gut microbiome in the fight against obesity: The potential of dietary factors. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23258. [PMID: 37843880 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300864rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity as a global public health burden has experienced a drastic growing trend recently. The management of obesity is challenging because of its complex etiology, and various factors are involved in its development, such as genetic and environmental factors. Different approaches are available to treat and/or manage obesity, including diet, physical activity, lifestyle changes, medications, and surgery. However, some of these approaches have inherent limitations and are closely associated with adverse effects. Therefore, probing into a novel/safe approach to treat and/or manage obesity is of fundamental importance. One such approach gaining renewed interest is the potential role of gut microbiota in obesity and its effectiveness in treating this condition. However, there is a dearth of comprehensive compilation of data on the potential role of the gut microbiome in obesity, particularly regarding dietary factors as a therapeutic approach. Therefore, this review aims to provide an updated overview of the role of gut microbiota in obesity, further highlighting the importance of dietary factors, particularly diet, prebiotics, and probiotics, as potential complementary and/or alternative therapeutic options. Moreover, the association of gut microbiota with obese or lean individuals has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Ahmad
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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7
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Mora-Flores LP, Moreno-Terrazas Casildo R, Fuentes-Cabrera J, Pérez-Vicente HA, de Anda-Jáuregui G, Neri-Torres EE. The Role of Carbohydrate Intake on the Gut Microbiome: A Weight of Evidence Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1728. [PMID: 37512899 PMCID: PMC10385781 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Carbohydrates are the most important source of nutritional energy for the human body. Carbohydrate digestion, metabolism, and their role in the gut microbiota modulation are the focus of multiple studies. The objective of this weight of evidence systematic review is to investigate the potential relationship between ingested carbohydrates and the gut microbiota composition at different taxonomic levels. (2) Methods: Weight of evidence and information value techniques were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary carbohydrates and the relative abundance of different bacterial taxa in the gut microbiota. (3) Results: The obtained results show that the types of carbohydrates that have a high information value are: soluble fiber with Bacteroides increase, insoluble fiber with Bacteroides and Actinobacteria increase, and Firmicutes decrease. Oligosaccharides with Lactobacillus increase and Enterococcus decrease. Gelatinized starches with Prevotella increase. Starches and resistant starches with Blautia decrease and Firmicutes increase. (4) Conclusions: This work provides, for the first time, an integrative review of the subject by using statistical techniques that have not been previously employed in microbiota reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena P Mora-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Rubén Moreno-Terrazas Casildo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - José Fuentes-Cabrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Hugo Alexer Pérez-Vicente
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
| | - Guillermo de Anda-Jáuregui
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Programa de Cátedras CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad de México 03940, Mexico
| | - Elier Ekberg Neri-Torres
- Laboratorio de Biopolímeros, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Industrial y de Alimentos-Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico
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8
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Li SZ, Zhang NN, Yang X, Huang TQ, Lin Y, Jiang ZM, Yi Y, Liu EH. Nobiletin Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Myristoleic Acid Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7312-7323. [PMID: 37139957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Disturbance of the gut microbiota plays a critical role in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Increasing evidence supports that natural products may serve as prebiotics to regulate the gut microbiota in the treatment of NAFLD. In the present study, the effect of nobiletin, a naturally occurring polymethoxyflavone, on NAFLD was evaluated, and metabolomics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and transcriptomics analysis were performed to determine the underlying mechanism of nobiletin, and the key bacteria and metabolites screened were confirmed by in vivo experiment. Nobiletin treatment could significantly reduce lipid accumulation in high-fat/high-sucrose diet-fed mice. 16S rRNA analysis demonstrated that nobiletin could reverse the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in NAFLD mice and nobiletin could regulate myristoleic acid metabolism, as revealed by untargeted metabolomics analysis. Treatment with the bacteria Allobaculum stercoricanis, Lactobacillus casei, or the metabolite myristoleic acid displayed a protective effect on liver lipid accumulation under metabolic stress. These results indicated that nobiletin might target gut microbiota and myristoleic acid metabolism to ameliorate NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Zhen Li
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ning-Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tian-Qing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zheng-Meng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yongxiang Yi
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated Hospital to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - E-Hu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
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9
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Pant R, Sharma N, Kabeer SW, Sharma S, Tikoo K. Selenium-Enriched Probiotic Alleviates Western Diet-Induced Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats via Modulation of Autophagy Through AMPK/SIRT-1 Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1344-1357. [PMID: 35499800 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03247-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Current study was aimed to investigate the ability of L.acidophilus SNZ 86 to biotransform inorganic selenium to a more active organic form, resulting in trace element enrichment. Selenium-enriched L. acidophilus SNZ 86 has been shown to be effective in the treatment of a variety of gastrointestinal illnesses, indicating the need for additional research to determine the full potential of this therapeutic strategy in the treatment of metabolic disorders. Herein, we employed the western style diet-induced model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to explore the therapeutic effect of selenium-enriched probiotic (SP). Male Sprague Dawley rats (160-180 g) were fed a high-fat (58% Kcal of fat) and high-fructose (30% w/v) diet for 12 weeks to develop an animal model mimicking NAFLD. High-fat and High-fructose diet-fed rats exhibited hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, abnormal liver function test, increased hepatic oxidative stress, and steatosis. SP was then administered orally (L acidophilus 1 × 109 CFU/ml containing 0.4 g Se/day; p.o.) for 8 weeks. The selenium enrichment within L. acidophilus SNZ 86 was validated by TEM, which allowed for visualisation of the selenium deposition and size distribution in the probiotic. In NAFLD control rats, the expression of autophagy proteins (LC-3 A/B and Beclin), AMPK, and SIRT-1 was significantly reduced indicating downregulation of autophagy. However, supplementation of SP ameliorates hepatic steatosis as evidenced by improved biochemical markers and autophagic activation via upregulation of the AMPK and SIRT-1 pathway showing the relevance of autophagy in the disease aetiology. Collectively, these findings provide us with a better understanding of the role of SP in the treatment of hepatic steatosis and establish a therapeutic basis for potential clinical application of SP in the prevention of NAFLD and associated pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Pant
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, 160062, Mohali, India
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, 160062, Mohali, India
| | - Shaheen Wasil Kabeer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, 160062, Mohali, India
| | - Shivam Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, 160062, Mohali, India
| | - Kulbhushan Tikoo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Epigenetics and Diseases, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar (Mohali), Punjab, 160062, Mohali, India.
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Jin L, Dang H, Wu J, Yuan L, Chen X, Yao J. Supplementation of Weizmannia coagulans BC2000 and Ellagic Acid Inhibits High-Fat-Induced Hypercholesterolemia by Promoting Liver Primary Bile Acid Biosynthesis and Intestinal Cholesterol Excretion in Mice. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020264. [PMID: 36838229 PMCID: PMC9964488 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The probiotic Weizmannia coagulans (W. coagulans) BC2000 can increase the abundance of intestinal transforming ellagic acid (EA) bacteria and inhibit metabolic disorders caused by hyperlipidemia by activating liver autophagy. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of W. coagulans BC2000 and EA on hyperlipidemia-induced cholesterol metabolism disorders. C57BL/6J mice (n = 10 in each group) were fed a low-fat diet, high-fat diet (HFD), HFD supplemented with EA, HFD supplemented with EA and W. coagulans BC77, HFD supplemented with EA, and W. coagulans BC2000. EA and W. coagulans BC2000 supplementation prevented HFD-induced hypercholesterolemia and promoted fecal cholesterol excretion. Transcriptome analysis showed that primary bile acid biosynthesis in the liver was significantly activated by EA and W. coagulans BC2000 treatments. EA and W. coagulans BC2000 treatment also significantly increased the intestinal Eggerthellaceae abundance and the liver EA metabolites, iso-urolithin A, Urolithin A, and Urolithin B. Therefore, W. coagulans BC2000 supplementation promoted the intestinal transformation of EA, which led to the upregulation of liver bile synthesis, thus preventing hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Probiotics Institute, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Hongyang Dang
- College Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Jinyong Wu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Lixia Yuan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiangsong Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianming Yao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Science Island Branch, Graduate School of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (J.Y.)
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11
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Pezzino S, Sofia M, Greco LP, Litrico G, Filippello G, Sarvà I, La Greca G, Latteri S. Microbiome Dysbiosis: A Pathological Mechanism at the Intersection of Obesity and Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021166. [PMID: 36674680 PMCID: PMC9862076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The rate at which obesity is becoming an epidemic in many countries is alarming. Obese individuals have a high risk of developing elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma. Additionally, glaucoma is a disease of epidemic proportions. It is characterized by neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation with optic neuropathy and the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGC). On the other hand, there is growing interest in microbiome dysbiosis, particularly in the gut, which has been widely acknowledged to play a prominent role in the etiology of metabolic illnesses such as obesity. Recently, studies have begun to highlight the fact that microbiome dysbiosis could play a critical role in the onset and progression of several neurodegenerative diseases, as well as in the development and progression of several ocular disorders. In obese individuals, gut microbiome dysbiosis can induce endotoxemia and systemic inflammation by causing intestinal barrier malfunction. As a result, bacteria and their metabolites could be delivered via the bloodstream or mesenteric lymphatic vessels to ocular regions at the level of the retina and optic nerve, causing tissue degeneration and neuroinflammation. Nowadays, there is preliminary evidence for the existence of brain and intraocular microbiomes. The altered microbiome of the gut could perturb the resident brain-ocular microbiome ecosystem which, in turn, could exacerbate the local inflammation. All these processes, finally, could lead to the death of RGC and neurodegeneration. The purpose of this literature review is to explore the recent evidence on the role of gut microbiome dysbiosis and related inflammation as common mechanisms underlying obesity and glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Pezzino
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Piero Greco
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giorgia Litrico
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Filippello
- Complex Operative Unit of Ophtalmology, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Iacopo Sarvà
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano La Greca
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Latteri
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, 95126 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0957263584
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12
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Liu B, Zhang L, Yang H, Zheng H, Liao X. Microbiota: A potential orchestrator of antidiabetic therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:973624. [PMID: 36777348 PMCID: PMC9911464 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.973624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota, as a 'new organ' of humans, has been identified to affect many biological processes, including immunity, inflammatory response, gut-brain neural circuits, and energy metabolism. Profound dysbiosis of the gut microbiome could change the metabolic pattern, aggravate systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, and exacerbate metabolic disturbance and the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this review is to focus on the potential roles and functional mechanisms of gut microbiota in the antidiabetic therapy. In general, antidiabetic drugs (α-glucosidase inhibitor, biguanides, incretin-based agents, and traditional Chinese medicine) induce the alteration of microbial diversity and composition, and the levels of bacterial component and derived metabolites, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids and indoles. The altered microbial metabolites are involved in the regulation of gut barrier, inflammation response, insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, we summarize the new strategies for antidiabetic treatment based on microbial regulation, such as pro/prebiotics administration and fecal microbiota transplantation, and discuss the need for more basic and clinical researches to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of the new therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoyu Liao
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyu Liao, ; Hongting Zheng,
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TOSHIMITSU T. Development of a lactic acid bacteria strain that suppresses chronic inflammation and improves glucose and lipid metabolism. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 42:3-7. [PMID: 36660597 PMCID: PMC9816046 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2022-054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation caused by aging, obesity, and lifestyle disturbances can lead to the production of inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance, reducing glucose and lipid metabolism. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have various bioactivities, and certain types of LAB have been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. We hypothesized that LAB strains, which can strongly induce the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines by immune cells in the intestinal tract, may improve glucose and lipid metabolism by suppressing chronic inflammation. We selected Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OLL2712 (OLL2712) from the LAB library owned by Meiji Co., Ltd. based on its ability to induce the production of interleukin-10 (IL-10), optimized the culture conditions of OLL2712 for industrial applications, and verified the efficacy of the strain in animal and clinical studies. The results showed that OLL2712 bacterial cells in the exponential phase had notably higher anti-inflammatory properties than the cells in the stationary phase and led to the inhibition of chronic inflammation and improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism in animal studies. Two randomized controlled trials consisting of healthy adults with elevated blood glucose levels or body mass indices (BMIs) also showed that the intake of OLL2712 suppressed the aggravation of chronic inflammation and improved glucose and lipid metabolism. This review identified a novel LAB strain that may contribute to diabetes and obesity prevention and demonstrated its clinical efficacy. In addition, the mechanism of action of this LAB strain through the intestinal immune system was partially elucidated, and the importance of optimizing the culture conditions of LAB was clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki TOSHIMITSU
- Applied Microbiology Research Department, Food Microbiology
Research Laboratories, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Co., Ltd., 1-29-1
Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0919, Japan
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de Abreu Ribeiro Pereira J, de Fátima Píccolo Barcelos M, Valério Villas Boas E, Hilsdorf Píccoli R, de Sales Guilarducci J, Corrêa Pereira R, Pauli JR, Batista Ferreira E, Cardoso de Angelis-Pereira M, Esper Cintra D. Combined effects of yacon flour and probiotic yogurt on the metabolic parameters and inflammatory and insulin signaling proteins in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:7293-7300. [PMID: 35758165 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prebiotics and probiotics may be effective dietary components that can alter the gut microbiota of the host and, consequently, overcome imbalances associated with obesity. This work aimed to evaluate the synergistic and isolated effects and mechanisms by which probiotic yogurt containing Bifidobacterium animalis and/or Lactobacillus acidophilus and yacon flour alter metabolic parameters and inflammatory and insulin signaling proteins in diet-induced obese mice. Swiss mice were fed a high-fat diet (n = 48) or a standard diet (control; n = 6) for 56 days. The 42 mice that gained the most weight were selected and divided into seven groups that received different combinations of probiotic yogurt and yacon flour. After 30 days, biochemical parameters (blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, and triacylglycerols), crude fat excretion in feces, and periepididymal fat were assessed and an immunoblotting analysis of insulin signaling proteins and interleukin-1β was conducted. RESULTS The combination of yacon flour and a yogurt with two strains of probiotics exerted positive effects on the parameters evaluated, such as decreased body weight (-6.5%; P < 0.05), fasting glucose (-23.1%; P < 0.05), and triacylglycerol levels (-21.4%; P < 0.05) and decreased periepididymal fat accumulation (-44.2%; P < 0.05). There was a decrease in inflammatory markers (P < 0.001) and an improvement in insulin signaling (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The combination of a prebiotic with two strains of probiotics in a food matrix may exert a protective effect against obesity-associated inflammation, improving insulin resistance, even in the short term. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rafaela Corrêa Pereira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Federal Institute of Minas Gerais, Bambuí, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | | | | | - Dennys Esper Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LABGeN), School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
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Lin YK, Lin YH, Chiang CF, Yeh TM, Shih WL. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strain TCI904 reduces body weight gain, modulates immune response, improves metabolism and anxiety in high fat diet-induced obese mice. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:341. [PMCID: PMC9636364 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe multiple probiotic characteristics of strain TCI904 isolated in this study from natural fermented milk were investigated using a mouse model. TCI904 was identified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricu (LDB), a well-known lactic acid starter bacterium found in yogurt. TCI904 exhibited an outstanding pancreatic lipase inhibition activity among several strains of lactic acid bacteria in vitro. Its in vivo effects were further studied. In a comparison of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and those fed a HFD combined with TCI904 for 9 weeks, differences were observed in various aspects of health, and the adverse effects of a HFD were prevented in the latter group. TCI904 effectively prevented fat and body weight accumulation without reducing food intake; it also modulated innate immunity and increased the level of IgA in feces, reversing the increased blood sugar and insulin levels and attenuated the hyperlipidemia caused by a HFD. Based on biochemical test data, compared with the HFD group, a HFD combined with TCI904 induced significant lowering of insulin resistance indicator, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and atherogenic indices of plasma (AIP), the atherogenic coefficient (AC) and cardiac risk ratio (CRR) and increased the cardioprotective index (CPI). In addition, the administration of TCI904 alleviated mood disorders caused by a HFD. Taking the recommended human dose of TCI904 did not affect the liver or kidney function, indicating that TCI904 has sufficient in vivo safety. Taken together, the results of the present study contributed towards validation of the probiotic benefits of lactic acid starter microflora. Orally taken TCI904 exhibited positive immune- and metabolic-modulating, and anxiolytic properties, especially in HFD-induced obesity.
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16
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Probiotic Mechanisms Affecting Glucose Homeostasis: A Scoping Review. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081187. [PMID: 36013366 PMCID: PMC9409775 DOI: 10.3390/life12081187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of a healthy status depends on the coexistence between the host organism and the microbiota. Early studies have already focused on the nutritional properties of probiotics, which may also contribute to the structural changes in the gut microbiota, thereby affecting host metabolism and homeostasis. Maintaining homeostasis in the body is therefore crucial and is reflected at all levels, including that of glucose, a simple sugar molecule that is an essential fuel for normal cellular function. Despite numerous clinical studies that have shown the effect of various probiotics on glucose and its homeostasis, knowledge about the exact function of their mechanism is still scarce. The aim of our review was to select in vivo and in vitro studies in English published in the last eleven years dealing with the effects of probiotics on glucose metabolism and its homeostasis. In this context, diverse probiotic effects at different organ levels were highlighted, summarizing their potential mechanisms to influence glucose metabolism and its homeostasis. Variations in results due to different methodological approaches were discussed, as well as limitations, especially in in vivo studies. Further studies on the interactions between probiotics, host microorganisms and their immunity are needed.
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Li S, Liu J, Wang Z, Duan F, Jia Z, Chen X, Li S. The promising role of probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics in energy metabolism biomarkers in patients with NAFLD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:862266. [PMID: 35958869 PMCID: PMC9358257 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.862266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease with a high prevalence worldwide, seriously harming human health, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. In recent years, increasing evidence has indicated that intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the occurrence and development of NAFLD. The regulation method of probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics can alter the intestinal microbiota and has been suggested as an option in the treatment of NAFLD. Methods Five databases of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, clinicaltrails.gov, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched initially, and then the eligible studies were screened. Finally, the data of included studieswere extracted, combined and analyzed Results A total of 29 randomized controlled trials involving 2,110 patients were included in this study. The results showed that using probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics in the intervention group could reduce the levels of glucose (SMD = −0.23, 95% CI [−0.45, −0.01], P = 0.04), HOMA-IR (SMD = −0.47, 95% CI [−0.63, −0.31], P < 0.00001) and insulin (SMD = −0.46, 95% CI [−0.76, −0.16], P = 0.002) in sugar metabolism; in terms of lipid metabolism, the levels of TC (SMD = −0.62, 95%CI [−0.87, −0.36], P < 0.00001), and LDL-C (SMD = −0.57, 95%CI [−0.85, −0.28], P < 0.00001) were decreased; and the level of ALB was decreased in protein metabolism (SMD = −0.34, 95%CI [−0.61, −0.06], P = 0.02). Conclusions Based on the current evidence, probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics may improve energy metabolism biomarkers in the NAFLD population, but these effects still need to be confirmed by further research. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#aboutpage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudi Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiangkai Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zi Jia
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinju Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suling Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Suling Li
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Probiotic-fermented rice buckwheat alleviates high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice by suppressing lipid accumulation and modulating gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Phillippi DT, Daniel S, Nguyen KN, Penaredondo BA, Lund AK. Probiotics Function as Immunomodulators in the Intestine in C57Bl/6 Male Mice Exposed to Inhaled Diesel Exhaust Particles on a High-Fat Diet. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091445. [PMID: 35563751 PMCID: PMC9101602 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies reveal a correlation between air pollution exposure and gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, yet few studies have investigated the role of inhaled particulate matter on intestinal integrity in conjunction with a high-fat (HF) diet. Additionally, there is currently limited information on probiotics in mitigating air-pollutant responses in the intestines. Thus, we investigated the hypothesis that exposure to inhaled diesel exhaust particles (DEP) and a HF diet can alter intestinal integrity and inflammation, which can be attenuated with probiotics. 4-6-w-old male C57Bl/6 mice on a HF diet (45% kcal fat) were randomly assigned to be exposed via oropharyngeal aspiration to 35 µg of DEP suspended in 35 µL of 0.9% sterile saline or sterile saline (CON) only twice a week for 4 w. A subset of mice was treated with 0.3 g/day of Winclove Ecologic® barrier probiotics (PRO) in drinking water throughout the duration of the study. Our results show that DEP exposure ± probiotics resulted in increased goblet cells and mucin (MUC)-2 expression, as determined by AB/PAS staining. Immunofluorescent quantification and/or RT-qPCR showed that DEP exposure increases claudin-3, occludin, zona occludens (ZO)-1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, and decreases tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 expression compared to CON. DEP exposure + probiotics increases expression of claudin-3, occludin, ZO-1, TNF-α, and IL-10 and decreases MMP-9 and TLR-4 compared to CON + PRO in the small intestine. Collectively, these results show that DEP exposure alters intestinal integrity and inflammation in conjunction with a HF diet. Probiotics proved fundamental in understanding the role of the microbiome in protecting and altering inflammatory responses in the intestines following exposure to inhaled DEP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Amie K. Lund
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(940)-369-8946; Fax: +1-(940)-565-4297
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20
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Ge X, Zhang A, Li L, Sun Q, He J, Wu Y, Tan R, Pan Y, Zhao J, Xu Y, Tang H, Gao Y. Application of machine learning tools: Potential and useful approach for the prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on the gut microbiome profile. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:305. [PMID: 35340868 PMCID: PMC8931625 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays an important role in the regulation of the immune system and the metabolism of the host. The aim of the present study was to characterize the gut microbiota of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 118 participants with newly diagnosed T2DM and 89 control subjects were recruited in the present study; six clinical parameters were collected and the quantity of 10 different types of bacteria was assessed in the fecal samples using quantitative PCR. Taking into consideration the six clinical variables and the quantity of the 10 different bacteria, 3 predictive models were established in the training set and test set, and evaluated using a confusion matrix, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values, sensitivity (recall), specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value (npv). The abundance of Bacteroides, Eubacterium rectale and Roseburia inulinivorans was significantly lower in the T2DM group compared with the control group. However, the abundance of Enterococcus was significantly higher in the T2DM group compared with the control group. In addition, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Enterococcus and Roseburia inulinivorans were significantly associated with sex status while Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus and Roseburia inulinivorans were significantly associated with older age. In the training set, among the three models, support vector machine (SVM) and XGboost models obtained AUC values of 0.72 and 0.70, respectively. In the test set, only SVM obtained an AUC value of 0.77, and the precision and specificity were both above 0.77, whereas the accuracy, recall and npv were above 0.60. Furthermore, Bifidobacterium, age and Roseburia inulinivorans played pivotal roles in the model. In conclusion, the SVM model exhibited the highest overall predictive power, thus the combined use of machine learning tools with gut microbiome profiling may be a promising approach for improving early prediction of T2DM in the near feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Ge
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Qitian Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiu He
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wu
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Rundong Tan
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Yingxia Pan
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Jiangman Zhao
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Hui Tang
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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Liu Y, Zheng S, Cui J, Guo T, Zhang J. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Y15 alleviate type 2 diabetes in mice via modulating gut microbiota and regulating NF-κB and insulin signaling pathway. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:935-945. [PMID: 35150432 PMCID: PMC8853432 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been used for the treatment of chronic metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the mechanisms of antidiabetic effects are not well understood. The object of this study is to assess the antidiabetic effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Y15 isolated from Chinese traditional dairy products in vivo. Results revealed that L. plantarum Y15 administration improved the biochemical indexes related to diabetes, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, L. plantarum Y15 administration reshaped the structure of gut microbiota, decreased the abundance of LPS-producing, and increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria, which subsequently reduce the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. L. plantarum Y15 administration also regulated the expressions of the inflammation and insulin signaling pathway-related genes. These results suggest that L. plantarum Y15 may serve as a potential probiotic for developing food products to ameliorate T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
| | - Shujuan Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jiale Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jingtao Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
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Dairy Lactic Acid Bacteria and Their Potential Function in Dietetics: The Food-Gut-Health Axis. Foods 2021; 10:foods10123099. [PMID: 34945650 PMCID: PMC8701325 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented dairy products are the good source of different species of live lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are beneficial microbes well characterized for their health-promoting potential. Traditionally, dietary intake of fermented dairy foods has been related to different health-promoting benefits including antimicrobial activity and modulation of the immune system, among others. In recent years, emerging evidence suggests a contribution of dairy LAB in the prophylaxis and therapy of non-communicable diseases. Live bacterial cells or their metabolites can directly impact physiological responses and/or act as signalling molecules mediating more complex communications. This review provides up-to-date knowledge on the interactions between LAB isolated from dairy products (dairy LAB) and human health by discussing the concept of the food–gut-health axis. In particular, some bioactivities and probiotic potentials of dairy LAB have been provided on their involvement in the gut–brain axis and non-communicable diseases mainly focusing on their potential in the treatment of obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel diseases, and cancer.
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Xi Y, Xu PF. Diabetes and gut microbiota. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:1693-1703. [PMID: 34754371 PMCID: PMC8554376 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i10.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes has increased rapidly throughout the world in recent years. Currently, approximately 463 million people are living with diabetes, and the number has tripled over the last two decades. Here, we describe the global epidemiology of diabetes in 2019 and forecast the trends to 2030 and 2045 in China, India, USA, and the globally. The gut microbiota plays a major role in metabolic diseases, especially diabetes. In this review, we describe the interaction between diabetes and gut microbiota in three aspects: probiotics, antidiabetic medication, and diet. Recent findings indicate that probiotics, antidiabetic medications, or dietary interventions treat diabetes by shifting the gut microbiome, particularly by raising beneficial bacteria and reducing harmful bacteria. We conclude that targeting the gut microbiota is becoming a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xi
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Allium-Derived Compound Propyl Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) Attenuates Metabolic Alterations in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet through Its Anti-Inflammatory and Prebiotic Properties. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082595. [PMID: 34444755 PMCID: PMC8400710 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTSO) is an organosulfur compound from Allium spp. that has shown interesting antimicrobial properties and immunomodulatory effects in different experimental models. In this sense, our aim was to evaluate its effect on an experimental model of obesity, focusing on inflammatory and metabolic markers and the gut microbiota. Methods and results: Mice were fed a high-fat diet and orally treated with different doses of PTSO (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks. PTSO lessened the weight gain and improved the plasma markers associated with glucose and lipid metabolisms. PTSO also attenuated obesity-associated systemic inflammation, reducing the immune cell infiltration and, thus, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in adipose and hepatic tissues (Il-1ẞ, Il-6, Tnf-α, Mcp-1, Jnk-1, Jnk-2, Leptin, Leptin R, Adiponectin, Ampk, Ppar-α, Ppar-γ, Glut-4 and Tlr-4) and improving the expression of different key elements for gut barrier integrity (Muc-2, Muc-3, Occludin, Zo-1 and Tff-3). Additionally, these effects were connected to a regulation of the gut microbiome, which was altered by the high-fat diet. Conclusion: Allium-derived PTSO can be considered a potential new tool for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Won G, Choi SI, Kang CH, Kim GH. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MG4296 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MG5012 Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in Palmitic Acid-Induced HepG2 Cells and High Fat Diet-Induced Mice. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1139. [PMID: 34070604 PMCID: PMC8228052 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capacity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MG4296 (MG4296) and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MG5012 (MG5012) on insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes-related metabolic changes in palmitic acid (PA)-induced HepG2 cells and high-fat diet-induced mice. In vitro, cell-free extracts of MG4296 and MG5012 alleviated IR by increasing glucose uptake and glycogen content in PA-induced insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. In vivo, MG4296 and MG5012 supplementation markedly decreased body weight and glucose tolerance. Administration of both strains also improved serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, triglyceride, LDL/HDL ratio, and homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). Histopathological analysis of liver tissue demonstrated a significant reduction in lipid accumulation and glycogen content. Moreover, MG4296 and MG5012 treatment enhanced phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) expression in the liver. Overall, MG4296 and MG5012 could prevent HFD-induced glucose tolerance and hyperglycemia by improving IR. Therefore, L. plantarum MG4296 and L. paracasei MG5012 could be useful as new probiotics candidates to improve T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayeong Won
- Department of Health Functional New Materials, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Korea;
| | - Soo-Im Choi
- Department of Health Functional New Materials, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Korea;
| | | | - Gun-Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01369, Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW An increasing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiome influences the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this review, we will discuss the latest findings regarding the mechanisms linking the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites with T2D and therapeutic approaches based on the gut microbiota for the prevention and treatment of T2D. RECENT FINDINGS Alterations in the gut microbial composition are associated with the risk of T2D. The gut microbiota can metabolize dietary- and host-derived factors to produce numerous microbial metabolites, which are involved in metabolic processes modulating nutrition and energy harvest, gut barrier function, systemic inflammation, and glucose metabolism. Microbial metabolites are important mediators of microbial-host crosstalk impacting host glucose metabolism. Furthermore, microbiome-based interventions may have beneficial effects on glycemic control. Future research is required to develop personalized T2D therapy based on microbial composition and/or metabolites.
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Hernandez AR, Banerjee A, Carter CS, Buford TW. Angiotensin (1-7) Expressing Probiotic as a Potential Treatment for Dementia. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2:629164. [PMID: 34901930 PMCID: PMC8663799 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.629164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing life expectancies are unfortunately accompanied by increased prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Regrettably, there are no current therapeutic options capable of preventing or treating AD. We review here data indicating that AD is accompanied by gut dysbiosis and impaired renin angiotensin system (RAS) function. Therefore, we propose the potential utility of an intervention targeting both the gut microbiome and RAS as both are heavily involved in proper CNS function. One potential approach which our group is currently exploring is the use of genetically-modified probiotics (GMPs) to deliver therapeutic compounds. In this review, we specifically highlight the potential utility of utilizing a GMP to deliver Angiotensin (1-7), a beneficial component of the renin-angiotensin system with relevant functions in circulation as well as locally in the gut and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbi R. Hernandez
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Anisha Banerjee
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christy S. Carter
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Nathan Shock Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Thomas W. Buford
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Nathan Shock Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Cristofori F, Dargenio VN, Dargenio C, Miniello VL, Barone M, Francavilla R. Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation: A Door to the Body. Front Immunol 2021; 12:578386. [PMID: 33717063 PMCID: PMC7953067 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.578386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hosting millions of microorganisms, the digestive tract is the primary and most important part of bacterial colonization. On one side, in cases of opportunistic invasion, the abundant bacterial population inside intestinal tissues may face potential health problems such as inflammation and infections. Therefore, the immune system has evolved to sustain the host-microbiota symbiotic relationship. On the other hand, to maintain host immune homeostasis, the intestinal microflora often exerts an immunoregulatory function that cannot be ignored. A field of great interest is the association of either microbiota or probiotics with the immune system concerning clinical uses. This microbial community regulates some of the host's metabolic and physiological functions and drives early-life immune system maturation, contributing to their homeostasis throughout life. Changes in gut microbiota can occur through modification in function, composition (dysbiosis), or microbiota-host interplays. Studies on animals and humans show that probiotics can have a pivotal effect on the modulation of immune and inflammatory mechanisms; however, the precise mechanisms have not yet been well defined. Diet, age, BMI (body mass index), medications, and stress may confound the benefits of probiotic intake. In addition to host gut functions (permeability and physiology), all these agents have profound implications for the gut microbiome composition. The use of probiotics could improve the gut microbial population, increase mucus-secretion, and prevent the destruction of tight junction proteins by decreasing the number of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). When LPS binds endothelial cells to toll-like receptors (TLR 2, 4), dendritic cells and macrophage cells are activated, and inflammatory markers are increased. Furthermore, a decrease in gut dysbiosis and intestinal leakage after probiotic therapy may minimize the development of inflammatory biomarkers and blunt unnecessary activation of the immune system. In turn, probiotics improve the differentiation of T-cells against Th2 and development of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10. The present narrative review explores the interactions between gut microflora/probiotics and the immune system starting from the general perspective of a biological plausibility to get to the in vitro and in vivo demonstrations of a probiotic-based approach up to the possible uses for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cristofori
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Vanessa Nadia Dargenio
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Costantino Dargenio
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Leonardo Miniello
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Barone
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Ruggiero Francavilla
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Abdulrahman AO, Alzubaidi MY, Nadeem MS, Khan JA, Rather IA, Khan MI. Effects of urolithins on obesity-associated gut dysbiosis in rats fed on a high-fat diet. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 72:923-934. [PMID: 33618593 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1886255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health concern associated with the dysbiosis of intestinal microbial composition. In this study, we investigated the potentials of urolithin A (Uro-A) and urolithin B (Uro-B), two gut microbiota-derived metabolites of ellagitannins, in reducing body weight gain through the modulation of the gut microbiota. We established a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity model in rats that were later administered with either 2.5 mg/kg of Uro-A or Uro-B. Serum biochemical parameters were quantified, and changes in the composition of the gut microbial community were analysed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Our results showed that the urolithins significantly decreased the body weight in HFD-fed rats and restored serum lipid profile. The taxonomic analysis showed that both Uro-A and Uro-modulated gut microbes related to body weight, dysfunctional lipid metabolism and inflammation. Overall, our results suggest that Uro-A and Uro-B possess anti-obesity properties, which may be related to the modulation of the gut microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalaluddin Awlia Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan A Rather
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Jo S, Fang S. Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetes: Immune Modulation in Pancreatic β Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:716692. [PMID: 34484126 PMCID: PMC8415970 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.716692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased incidence of type I and type II diabetes has been prevailed worldwide. Though the pathogenesis of molecular mechanisms remains still unclear, there are solid evidence that disturbed immune homeostasis leads to pancreatic β cell failure. Currently, autoimmunity and uncontrolled inflammatory signaling pathways have been considered the major factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Many components of immune system have been reported to implicate pancreatic β cell failure, including helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, regulatory T cells and gut microbiota. Immune modulation of those components using small molecules and antibodies, and fecal microbiota transplantation are undergoing in many clinical trials for the treatment of type I and type II diabetes. In this review we will discuss the basis of molecular pathogenesis focusing on the disturbed immune homeostasis in type I and type II diabetes, leading to pancreatic β cell destruction. Finally, we will introduce current therapeutic strategies and clinical trials by modulation of immune system for the treatment of type I and type II diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugyeong Jo
- Department of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Department of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sungsoon Fang,
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Dietary infection of Enterobacter ludwigii causes fat accumulation and resulted in the diabetes-like condition in Drosophila melanogaster. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Walsh CJ, Healy S, O’Toole PW, Murphy EF, Cotter PD. The probiotic L. casei LC-XCAL™ improves metabolic health in a diet-induced obesity mouse model without altering the microbiome. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1704141. [PMID: 32403964 PMCID: PMC7524140 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1747330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity may be a target for improvement of metabolic health. Some exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacteria have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions. However, evidence for the role of EPS-producing probiotics in the management of obesity and associated conditions is scarce and the role of the microbiota is unclear. In this study, two probiotic candidates were screened for their effects on metabolic health using the diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model. Mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with the anti-inflammatory, EPS-producing strain L. caseiLC-XCAL™ showed significantly reduced hepatic triglycerides, hepatic total cholesterol, and fat pad weight compared to those fed a high-fat diet alone, likely as a result of reduced energy absorption from food. 16-S rRNA amplicon analysis of the fecal microbiota of these mice indicated that the altered metabolic phenotype as a result of the L. casei LC-XCAL strain administration was not associated with an overall change in the composition or inferred functional capacity of the fecal microbiota despite some abundance changes in individual taxa and functions. These findings provide evidence that specific microbial strategies can improve metabolic health independent of the microbiome and reinforce the importance of carefully selecting the most appropriate strain for specific indications by thorough screening programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum J. Walsh
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co., Cork, Ireland,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Selena Healy
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,PrecisionBiotics Group Ltd., Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul W. O’Toole
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eileen F. Murphy
- PrecisionBiotics Group Ltd., Cork, Ireland,CONTACT Eileen F. Murphy PrecisionBiotic Group Ltd., 4400 Cork Airport Business Park, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co., Cork, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,Paul D. Cotter Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co., Cork, Ireland
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Li Y, Zhu Y, Wei H, Chen Y, Shang H. Study on the Diversity and Function of Gut Microbiota in Pigs Following Long-Term Antibiotic and Antibiotic-Free Breeding. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:4114-4128. [PMID: 33067706 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In-feed antibiotics can influence intestinal microbial structures in born and early-life within a period. However, the impact of antibiotics on gut microbiota during long-term antibiotic-free and antibiotic breeding at porcine-fattening phase have not been studied extensively so far. Here, we conducted a systematic 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based study combined with metagenomic analysis to reveal the variation of diversity and function of gut microbiota between antibiotic-free (treatment group, TG) and antibiotic (a mixture of flavomycin and enramycin, control group, CG) breeding at various stages of fattening pigs. In the present study, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria phyla were the core microbiomes in fattening pig gut microbiota. The ratio between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes significantly increased with age (P = 0.03). TG showed significantly higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Fibrobacteres phyla than CG. The microbial community can be divided into several notably clustered blocks based on cooperative and competitive correlations. These blocks centered on numerous special genera, which play essential roles in body development and disease prevention. TG showed obviously higher proportions of metabolic pathways related to metabolism, endocrine system, nervous system and excretory system, but pathways included carbohydrate metabolism and immune system diseases in CG. Collectively, this study has comprehensively demonstrated microbial diversities, differences and correlations among gut microbiota, microbial metabolism and gene functions during long-term antibiotic-free breeding. This work provides a novel resource and information with positive implications for pig husbandry production and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Kingsino Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhua Zhu
- Shenzhen Kingsino Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Shenzhen Kingsino Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Haitao Shang
- Shenzhen Kingsino Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China.
- Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Microbiota and Diabetes Mellitus: Role of Lipid Mediators. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103039. [PMID: 33023000 PMCID: PMC7600362 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an inflammatory clinical entity with different mechanisms involved in its physiopathology. Among these, the dysfunction of the gut microbiota stands out. Currently, it is understood that lipid products derived from the gut microbiota are capable of interacting with cells from the immune system and have an immunomodulatory effect. In the presence of dysbiosis, the concentration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) increases, favoring damage to the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, a pro-inflammatory environment prevails, and a state of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia is present. Conversely, during eubiosis, the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) is fundamental for the maintenance of the integrity of the intestinal barrier as well as for immunogenic tolerance and appetite/satiety perception, leading to a protective effect. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that alterations or dysregulation of the gut microbiota can be reversed by modifying the eating habits of the patients or with the administration of prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics. Similarly, different studies have demonstrated that drugs like Metformin are capable of modifying the composition of the gut microbiota, promoting changes in the biosynthesis of LPS, and the metabolism of SCFA.
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Study on the Intervention Effect of Qi Gong Wan Prescription on Patients with Phlegm-Dampness Syndrome of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Intestinal Flora. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6389034. [PMID: 33062017 PMCID: PMC7545460 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6389034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective This was a population-based cohort study, to compare the type and structure of intestinal flora in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with phlegm-dampness syndrome, nonphlegm-dampness syndrome, and normal population. Besides, changes in the intestinal flora and the clinical curative effects of Jiawei Qi Gong Wan on phlegm-dampness syndrome in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were evaluated. Patients and Methods. A total of 22 patients with PCOS with phlegm-dampness syndrome, 21 PCOS patients with nonphlegm-dampness syndrome, and 20 control volunteers were selected for this study. The general index, sex hormone index, fasting blood glucose (FPG), and serum fasting insulin (FINS) were determined in each of the groups. The intestinal flora of each group was determined by the 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing technique. Besides, the PCOS with phlegm-dampness syndrome group was treated with Jiawei Qi Gong Wan, and the changes in TCM syndrome, sex hormone index, BMI, WHR, FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR, and intestinal flora were determined before and after treatment. Results PCOS patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome showed characteristics of obesity and insulin resistance. There were several differences in both structure and function of the intestinal flora between PCOS patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome, PCOS patients with nonphlegm-dampness syndrome, and the control group. An imbalance in the intestinal flora may be a key factor in the pathogenesis of PCOS with phlegm-dampness syndrome and also has a specific influence on glucose and lipid metabolism, obesity, and the menstrual cycle in PCOS patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome. Besides, the imbalance is associated with a decrease in the number of butyrate-producing bacteria, an increase in the number of lipopolysaccharide-producing bacteria, and an increase in proinflammatory bacteria. The intestinal flora in PCOS patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome was found to be linked to obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, and hyperandrogenemia. Treatment with Jiawei Qi Gong Wan was found to increase the diversity of intestinal flora, increase the number of intestinal probiotics, and improve the structure and functional genes of intestinal flora which improved the state of insulin resistance, regulated endocrine metabolism, and improved the overall symptoms. Conclusions Intestinal flora imbalance is a key factor in the pathogenesis of PCOS with phlegm-dampness syndrome. Besides, Jiawei Qi Gong Wan improves insulin resistance which is linked to the status of the intestinal flora in PCOS patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome.
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AbdelQadir YH, Hamdallah A, Sibaey EA, Hussein AS, Abdelaziz M, AbdelAzim A, Ragab KM, Helmy SK, Nourelden AZ. Efficacy of probiotic supplementation in patients with diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 40:57-67. [PMID: 33183573 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the diabetes mellitus complications, which develops in approximately one-third of diabetic patients. Probiotics are microorganisms such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium which have some benefits with gastrointestinal disorders and diabetic patients. AIM We aim to assess the efficacy of probiotic supplementation in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane on 20 august 2019 and updated the search on 26 April 2020 using relevant keywords. Studies were screened for eligibility. We extracted the data from the relevant articles and then these data were pooled as mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), using Review Manager software (ver. 3.5). RESULTS Pooled data from four trials compared probiotics with a placebo showed a significant reduction in insulin (MD = -1.99, 95% CI [-3.99, 0.01]) and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (MD = -3.87, 95% CI [-7.51, -0.22]), High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (MD = -1.55, 95% CI [-2.19, -0.92]), malondialdehyde (MD = -0.77, 95% CI [-0.96, -0.58]), sodium (MD = -0.93, 95% CI [-1.87, -0.01]), but the total antioxidant capacity was significantly increased (MD = 62.29, 95% CI [18.34, 106.24]), while no significant effect on other lipid profiles, oxidative stress biomarkers or kidney function parameters like creatinine and glomerular filtration rate. Two trials showed that probiotic soy is better than conventional soy in terms of kidney function and lipid profiles. CONCLUSION Probiotics supplementation decreases serum insulin and insulin resistance, but it has no beneficial effect regarding kidney function, body-weight, and lipid profiles, with a moderate positive effect regarding some oxidative stress biomarkers. Also, probiotic soy protein may improve kidney function and lipid profiles. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings and to assess the long-term effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yossef Hassan AbdelQadir
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt; International Medical Students' Research Association IMedRA, Egypt
| | - Aboalmagd Hamdallah
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt; International Medical Students' Research Association IMedRA, Egypt
| | - Esraa Alsayed Sibaey
- Faculty of Medicine, 6-October University, Egypt; International Medical Students' Research Association IMedRA, Egypt
| | - Alyaa Sayed Hussein
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, South Valley University, Egypt; International Medical Students' Research Association IMedRA, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Abdelaziz
- Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt; International Medical Students' Research Association IMedRA, Egypt
| | - Ahmed AbdelAzim
- Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt; International Medical Students' Research Association IMedRA, Egypt
| | - Khaled Mohamed Ragab
- Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt; International Medical Students' Research Association IMedRA, Egypt
| | - Sara Kamel Helmy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; International Medical Students' Research Association IMedRA, Egypt
| | - Anas Zakarya Nourelden
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; International Medical Students' Research Association IMedRA, Egypt.
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Chen J, Vitetta L. Gut Microbiota Metabolites in NAFLD Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155214. [PMID: 32717871 PMCID: PMC7432372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysregulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through its metabolites. Therefore, the restoration of the gut microbiota and supplementation with commensal bacterial metabolites can be of therapeutic benefit against the disease. In this review, we summarize the roles of various bacterial metabolites in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and their therapeutic implications. The gut microbiota dysregulation is a feature of NAFLD, and the signatures of gut microbiota are associated with the severity of the disease through altered bacterial metabolites. Disturbance of bile acid metabolism leads to underactivation of bile acid receptors FXR and TGR5, causal for decreased energy expenditure, increased lipogenesis, increased bile acid synthesis and increased macrophage activity. Decreased production of butyrate results in increased intestinal inflammation, increased gut permeability, endotoxemia and systemic inflammation. Dysregulation of amino acids and choline also contributes to lipid accumulation and to a chronic inflammatory status. In some NAFLD patients, overproduction of ethanol produced by bacteria is responsible for hepatic inflammation. Many approaches including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, faecal microbiome transplantation and a fasting-mimicking diet have been applied to restore the gut microbiota for the improvement of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiezhong Chen
- Medlab Clinical, Sydney 2015, Australia
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (L.V.)
| | - Luis Vitetta
- Medlab Clinical, Sydney 2015, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (L.V.)
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Kocsis T, Molnár B, Németh D, Hegyi P, Szakács Z, Bálint A, Garami A, Soós A, Márta K, Solymár M. Probiotics have beneficial metabolic effects in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11787. [PMID: 32678128 PMCID: PMC7366719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics have been reported to have a positive impact on the metabolic control of patients with type 2 diabetes. We aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of probiotics on cardiometabolic parameters in type 2 diabetes based on randomized controlled studies. MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases were reviewed to search for randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of probiotic supplementation on cardiometabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. 32 trials provided results suitable to be included in the analysis. The effects of probiotics were calculated for the following parameters: BMI, total cholesterol levels, LDL, triglycerides, HDL, CRP, HbA1c levels, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin levels, systolic and diastolic blood pressure values. Data analysis showed a significant effect of probiotics on reducing total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, CRP, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin levels, and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure values. Supplementation with probiotics increased HDL levels however did not have a significant effect on BMI or LDL levels. Our data clearly suggest that probiotics could be a supplementary therapeutic approach in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients to improve dyslipidemia and to promote better metabolic control. According to our analysis, probiotic supplementation is beneficial in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tícia Kocsis
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Bálint Molnár
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Dávid Németh
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Szeged, Momentum Gastroenterology Multidisciplinary Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Szakács
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Bálint
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,Heart Institute, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - András Garami
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Soós
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Katalin Márta
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Margit Solymár
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 12 Szigeti str., Pecs, 7624, Hungary.
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Li X, Chen L, Zhu X, Lu Z, Lu Y. Effect of γ-aminobutyric acid-rich yogurt on insulin sensitivity in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:7719-7729. [PMID: 32684454 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-rich yogurt fermented with Streptococcus thermophilus fmb-5 on insulin sensitivity in high-fat and low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus mice. To study the ability of the yogurt to enhance insulin sensitivity, diabetic mice were treated with 0.5, 1, or 2 g/L of GABA yogurt once a day from wk 1 to 12. Compared with results in untreated diabetic mice, treatment with different dosages of GABA yogurt was associated with increased serum insulin and fat coefficient (fat weight relative to body weight) levels, decreased blood urea nitrogen, kidney coefficient (kidney weight relative to body weight), glucose area under the curve levels, and insulin sensitivity index, but did not alter blood glucose level or body weight. The highest dosage of GABA yogurt had a greater beneficial effect with respect to insulin resistance than the lower dosages. In particular, dietary supplementation of the high dosage of GABA yogurt favorably regulated HOMA-β (homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fat coefficient, and improved islet cells morphology. These results demonstrated that 2 g/L GABA yogurt could ameliorate insulin sensitivity. The GABA-rich yogurts appeared to be responsible for health-beneficial effects in this mouse model of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.
| | - Yingjian Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
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Administration of Exogenous Melatonin Improves the Diurnal Rhythms of the Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. mSystems 2020; 5:5/3/e00002-20. [PMID: 32430404 PMCID: PMC7253360 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00002-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is strongly shaped by a high-fat diet, and obese humans and animals are characterized by low gut microbial diversity and impaired gut microbiota compositions. Comprehensive data on mammalian gut metagenomes shows gut microbiota exhibit circadian rhythms, which is disturbed by a high-fat diet. On the other hand, melatonin is a natural and ubiquitous molecule showing multiple mechanisms of regulating the circadian clock and lipid metabolism, while the role of melatonin in the regulation of the diurnal patterns of gut microbial structure and function in obese animals is not yet known. This study delineates an intricate picture of melatonin-gut microbiota circadian rhythms and may provide insight for obesity intervention. Melatonin, a circadian hormone, has been reported to improve host lipid metabolism by reprogramming the gut microbiota, which also exhibits rhythmicity in a light/dark cycle. However, the effect of the administration of exogenous melatonin on the diurnal variation in the gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) is unclear. Here, we further confirmed the antiobesogenic effect of melatonin on mice fed an HFD for 2 weeks. Samples were collected every 4 h within a 24-h period, and diurnal rhythms of clock gene expression (Clock, Cry1, Cry2, Per1, and Per2) and serum lipid indexes varied with diurnal time. Notably, Clock and triglycerides (TG) showed a marked rhythm in the control in melatonin-treated mice but not in the HFD-fed mice. The rhythmicity of these parameters was similar between the control and melatonin-treated HFD-fed mice compared with that in the HFD group, indicating an improvement caused by melatonin in the diurnal clock of host metabolism in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that most microbes exhibited daily rhythmicity, and the trends were different for different groups and at different time points. We also identified several specific microbes that correlated with the circadian clock genes and serum lipid indexes, which might indicate the potential mechanism of action of melatonin in HFD-fed mice. In addition, effects of melatonin exposure during daytime or nighttime were compared, but a nonsignificant difference was noticed in response to HFD-induced lipid dysmetabolism. Interestingly, the responses of microbiota-transplanted mice to HFD feeding also varied at different transplantation times (8:00 and 16:00) and with different microbiota donors. In summary, the daily oscillations in the expression of circadian clock genes, serum lipid indexes, and the gut microbiota appeared to be driven by short-term feeding of an HFD, while administration of exogenous melatonin improved the composition and diurnal rhythmicity of some specific gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiota is strongly shaped by a high-fat diet, and obese humans and animals are characterized by low gut microbial diversity and impaired gut microbiota compositions. Comprehensive data on mammalian gut metagenomes shows gut microbiota exhibit circadian rhythms, which is disturbed by a high-fat diet. On the other hand, melatonin is a natural and ubiquitous molecule showing multiple mechanisms of regulating the circadian clock and lipid metabolism, while the role of melatonin in the regulation of the diurnal patterns of gut microbial structure and function in obese animals is not yet known. This study delineates an intricate picture of melatonin-gut microbiota circadian rhythms and may provide insight for obesity intervention.
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Guilbaud A, Howsam M, Niquet-Léridon C, Delguste F, Fremont M, Lestavel S, Maboudou P, Garat A, Schraen S, Onraed B, Foligné B, Boulanger É, Tessier FJ. The Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 Treatment on Glycation and Diabetes Complications. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1901018. [PMID: 31991062 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Type 2 diabetes (T2D) induces organ damage associated with glycation, among other metabolic pathways. While therapeutic strategies have been tested to reduce the formation and impact of glycation products, results remain equivocal. Anti-diabetic therapies using probiotics have been proposed, but their effect upon glycation has not been reported. Here, the effects of the bacterial strain Lactobacillus fermentum ME-3 on glycation and T2D-related complications in a mouse model of T2D are investigated. METHODS & RESULTS Wild-type LepRdb/+ and diabetic LepRdb/db littermates receive a daily gavage of either water or the probiotic ME-3 strain (1010 CFU). Glycation markers, fructoselysine-derived furosine (FL-furosine) and carboxymethyllysine (CML), are quantified in four major organs and plasma using stable-isotope dilution LC-MS/MS. After 12 weeks of ME-3 treatment, diabetic mice gain less weight and exhibit an apparently improved glucose tolerance. The ME-3 treatment reduces median renal levels of FL-furosine in both genotypes by 12-15%, and renal and pulmonary free-CML in diabetic mice by 30% and 18%, respectively. Attenuated hepatic steatosis and an improved plasma lipid profile are also observed with treatment in both genotypes, while the gut microbiota profile is unchanged. CONCLUSION L. fermentum ME-3 has therapeutic potential for reducing the formation/accumulation of some glycation products in kidneys and attenuating some common diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Guilbaud
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE, F-59000, Lille, France.,VF Bioscience SAS, Parc Eurasanté, 310 rue Jules Vallès, 59120, Loos-lez-Lille, France.,Francophone Maillard Reaction Society (FMaRS), Lille, France
| | - Michael Howsam
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE, F-59000, Lille, France.,Francophone Maillard Reaction Society (FMaRS), Lille, France
| | - Céline Niquet-Léridon
- Francophone Maillard Reaction Society (FMaRS), Lille, France.,Transformations & Agro-ressources Unit, Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, 19 rue Pierre Waguet, 60000, Beauvais, France
| | - Florian Delguste
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Marc Fremont
- VF Bioscience SAS, Parc Eurasanté, 310 rue Jules Vallès, 59120, Loos-lez-Lille, France
| | - Sophie Lestavel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1011 - EGID, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Patrice Maboudou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie Pierre-Marie Degand, CHRU Lille, bd. du professeur Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex
| | - Anne Garat
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, EA 4483 - IMPECS, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Susanna Schraen
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie Pierre-Marie Degand, CHRU Lille, bd. du professeur Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex
| | - Brigitte Onraed
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie Pierre-Marie Degand, CHRU Lille, bd. du professeur Leclercq, 59037, Lille Cedex
| | - Benoît Foligné
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Éric Boulanger
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE, F-59000, Lille, France.,Francophone Maillard Reaction Society (FMaRS), Lille, France
| | - Frédéric J Tessier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE, F-59000, Lille, France.,Francophone Maillard Reaction Society (FMaRS), Lille, France
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42
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Gurung M, Li Z, You H, Rodrigues R, Jump DB, Morgun A, Shulzhenko N. Role of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology. EBioMedicine 2020; 51:102590. [PMID: 31901868 PMCID: PMC6948163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 821] [Impact Index Per Article: 205.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial body of literature has provided evidence for the role of gut microbiota in metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes. However, reports vary regarding the association of particular taxonomic groups with disease. In this systematic review, we focused on the potential role of different bacterial taxa affecting diabetes. We have summarized evidence from 42 human studies reporting microbial associations with disease, and have identified supporting preclinical studies or clinical trials using treatments with probiotics. Among the commonly reported findings, the genera of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Akkermansia and Roseburia were negatively associated with T2D, while the genera of Ruminococcus, Fusobacterium, and Blautia were positively associated with T2D. We also discussed potential molecular mechanisms of microbiota effects in the onset and progression of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Gurung
- Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, 700 SW 30th street, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, 700 SW 30th street, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Hannah You
- Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, 700 SW 30th street, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Richard Rodrigues
- Colleges of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 160 SW 26th street, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Donald B Jump
- Colleges of Public Health, Oregon State University, 160 SW 26th street, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Andrey Morgun
- Colleges of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 160 SW 26th street, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, 700 SW 30th street, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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43
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High-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in obese rats are ameliorated by yogurt supplementation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20026. [PMID: 31882854 PMCID: PMC6934669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of yogurt supplementation on fat deposition, oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in the liver of rats with high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity. Male Wistar rats were used in this study and were separated into the following four different groups: the control, control + yogurt, high fat and high fat+ yogurt groups. The high fat groups received a HF diet for eight weeks. A 5% yogurt (w/w) supplement was also provided to rats fed the HF diet. Yogurt supplementation prevented glucose intolerance and normalized liver-specific enzyme activities in the HF diet-fed rats. Yogurt supplementation also significantly reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers in the plasma and liver of HF diet-fed rats. Moreover, inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen deposition and fibrosis in the liver of HF diet-fed rats were also prevented by yogurt supplementation. Furthermore, yogurt supplementation normalized the intestinal lining and brush border in HF diet-fed rats. This study suggests that yogurt supplementation potentially represents an alternative therapy for the prevention of metabolic syndrome in HF diet-fed rats.
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44
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A Fermented Food Product Containing Lactic Acid Bacteria Protects ZDF Rats from the Development of Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102530. [PMID: 31635188 PMCID: PMC6835361 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease, which involves a maintained hyperglycemia due to the development of an insulin resistance process. Among multiple risk factors, host intestinal microbiota has received increasing attention in T2D etiology and progression. In the present study, we have explored the effect of long-term supplementation with a non-dairy fermented food product (FFP) in Zucker Diabetic and Fatty (ZDF) rats T2D model. The supplementation with FFP induced an improvement in glucose homeostasis according to the results obtained from fasting blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance test, and pancreatic function. Importantly, a significantly reduced intestinal glucose absorption was found in the FFP-treated rats. Supplemented animals also showed a greater survival suggesting a better health status as a result of the FFP intake. Some dissimilarities have been observed in the gut microbiota population between control and FFP-treated rats, and interestingly a tendency for better cardiometabolic markers values was appreciated in this group. However, no significant differences were observed in body weight, body composition, or food intake between groups. These findings suggest that FFP induced gut microbiota modifications in ZDF rats that improved glucose metabolism and protected from T2D development.
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45
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Koopman N, Molinaro A, Nieuwdorp M, Holleboom AG. Review article: can bugs be drugs? The potential of probiotics and prebiotics as treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2019; 50:628-639. [PMID: 31373710 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver condition. A major current research effort is ongoing to find potential strategies to treat NAFLD-non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with special attention to the gut microbiota. Multiple animal studies and pilot clinical trials are assessing different gut microbiota modulating strategies such as faecal microbiota transplantation, antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. AIM To review the role of microbiota in NAFLD-NASH and determine whether pro- and prebiotics have potential as treatment METHODS: Information was obtained from critically reviewing literature on PubMed on targeting the gut microbiota in NAFLD. Search terms included NAFLD, NASH, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis; combined with microbiome, microbiota, gut bacteria, probiotics and prebiotics. RESULTS Animal studies and the first emerging studies in humans show promising results for both the common probiotics Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococci as for short chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate-producing bacteria. Also, prebiotics have positive effects on different mechanisms underlying NAFLD-NASH. CONCLUSIONS The most promising strategies thus far developed to alter the microbiome in NAFLD-NASH are probiotics and prebiotics. However, pre- and probiotic treatment of NAFLD-NASH is relatively new and still under development. Actual understanding of the involved mechanisms is lacking and changes in the intestinal microbiota composition after treatment are rarely measured. Furthermore, large clinical trials with comparative endpoints are unavailable. Personalised treatment based on metagenomics gut microbiota analysis will probably be part of the future diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD-NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Koopman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbial Food Safety, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan G Holleboom
- Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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46
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Aragonès G, Colom-Pellicer M, Aguilar C, Guiu-Jurado E, Martínez S, Sabench F, Antonio Porras J, Riesco D, Del Castillo D, Richart C, Auguet T. Circulating microbiota-derived metabolites: a "liquid biopsy? Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 44:875-885. [PMID: 31388096 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) causes a wide spectrum of liver damage, from simple steatosis (SS) to cirrhosis. SS and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) cannot be distinguished by clinical or laboratory features. Dysregulation of the gut microbiota is involved in NASH pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between microbiota-derived metabolites and the degrees of NAFLD; also, to investigate whether these metabolites could be included in a panel of NASH biomarkers. SUBJECTS/METHODS We used liquid chromatography coupled to triple-quadrupole-mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ) analysis to quantify choline and its derivatives, betaine, endogenous ethanol, bile acids, short-chain fatty acids and soluble TLR4 in serum from women with normal weight (n = 29) and women with morbid obesity (MO) (n = 82) with or without NAFLD. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis to evaluate the hepatic and intestinal expression level of all genes studied (TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, LXRα, SREBP1C, ACC1, FAS, PPARα, CPT1α, CROT, SREBP2, ABCA1, ABCG1 and FXR in the liver; TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR9, GLP-1R, DPP-4, FXR and PPARɣ in the jejunum) in 82 women with MO with normal liver histology (NL, n = 29), SS (n = 32), and NASH (n = 21). RESULTS Hepatic FAS, TLR2, and TLR4 expression were overexpressed in NAFLD patients. TLR2 was overexpressed in NASH patients. In women with MO with NAFLD, we found upregulation of intestinal TLR9 expression and downregulation of intestinal FXR expression in women with NASH. Circulating TMAO, glycocholic acid and deoxycholic acid levels were significantly increased in NAFLD patients. Endogenous circulating ethanol levels were increased in NASH patients in comparison to those in SS patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the intestine participates in the progression of NAFLD. Moreover, levels of certain circulating microbiota-related metabolites are associated with NAFLD severity and could be used as a "liquid biopsy" in the noninvasive diagnosis of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Aragonès
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR) - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marina Colom-Pellicer
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR) - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carmen Aguilar
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR) - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Esther Guiu-Jurado
- IFB-Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University, Liebigstraße 19-21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Salomé Martínez
- Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fàtima Sabench
- Servei de Cirurgia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), IISPV, Avinguda Doctor Josep Laporte, 2, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - José Antonio Porras
- Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - David Riesco
- Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Daniel Del Castillo
- Servei de Cirurgia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), IISPV, Avinguda Doctor Josep Laporte, 2, 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Richart
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR) - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Teresa Auguet
- Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR) - Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007, Tarragona, Spain. .,Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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Zhang CH, Sheng JQ, Sarsaiya S, Shu FX, Liu TT, Tu XY, Ma GQ, Xu GL, Zheng HX, Zhou LF. The anti-diabetic activities, gut microbiota composition, the anti-inflammatory effects of Scutellaria-coptis herb couple against insulin resistance-model of diabetes involving the toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:202-214. [PMID: 30807814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scutellaria-coptis herb couple (SC) is one of the well-known herb couples in many traditional Chinese compound formulas used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM), which has been used to treat DM for thousands of years in China. AIM OF THE STUDY Few studies have confirmed in detail the anti-diabetic activities of SC in vivo and in vitro. The present investigations aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of SC in type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice and in RAW264.7 macrophages to understand its possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) and LC-LTQ-Orbitrap Pro mass spectrometry were used to analyze the active ingredients of SC extracts and control the quality. A type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice model was established by high-fat diet. Body weight, fasting blood glucose levels, fasting blood insulin levels, glycosylated hemoglobin and glycosylated serum protein were measured. The effects of SC on total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) levels were examined. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured. Gut microbial communities were assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) methods. The expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MyD88 protein in the colons were measured by western blot. In RAW264.7 macrophages, IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4 and MyD88 protein levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits or western blot, and the mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TLR4 was examined by the real time PCR. RESULTS The present results showed that the SC significantly increased blood HDL and significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, fasting blood insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, glycosylated serum protein, TC, TG, LPS, IL-6 and TNF-α levels (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in type-2 diabetic KK-Ay mice. Furthermore, SC could regulate the structure of intestinal flora. Additionally, the expressions of TLR4 and MyD88 protein in the colons were significantly decreased in the model group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). However, SC had no significant effect on weight gain. In RAW264.7 macrophages, SC containing serum (SC-CS) (5%, 10% and 20%) significantly decreased IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4 and MyD88 protein levels and the mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α and TLR4 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The anti-diabetic effects of SC were attributed to its regulation of intestinal flora and anti-inflammation involving the TLR4 signaling pathway. These findings provide a new insight into the anti-diabetic application for SC in clinical settings and display the potential of SC in the treatment of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Jun-Qing Sheng
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China.
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Department of Microbiology, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology and Medical Sciences, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Fu-Xing Shu
- Bioresource Institute Of Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, PR China
| | - Tong-Tong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Xiu-Ying Tu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Guang-Qiang Ma
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Guo-Liang Xu
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theory of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Hong-Xiang Zheng
- College of Humanities of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
| | - Li-Fen Zhou
- Large precise instruments shared services center of TCM, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, PR China
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Rezazadeh L, Gargari BP, Jafarabadi MA, Alipour B. Effects of probiotic yogurt on glycemic indexes and endothelial dysfunction markers in patients with metabolic syndrome. Nutrition 2019; 62:162-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Horii Y, Fujisaki Y, Fuyuki R, Misonou Y, Nagai K. Effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii LAB4 on hepatic and pancreatic sympathetic nerve activity and blood glucose levels in rats. Benef Microbes 2019; 10:293-300. [PMID: 30638397 DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Various lactobacilli have been suggested to exert beneficial effects in humans. In this study, we examined the effects of intraduodenal (ID) administration of heat-killed Lactobacillus delbrueckii LAB4 (LAB4) on activities of efferent sympathetic nerves innervating the liver and pancreas. Consequently, it was observed that ID administration of LAB4 significantly reduced either the efferent hepatic sympathetic nerve activity (hepatic-SNA) or pancreatic sympathetic nerve activity (pancreatic-SNA) in urethane-anaesthetised rats. Moreover, the effect of acute and chronic administration of LAB4 (1×109 cells/ml) on hyperglycaemia induced by intracranial injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) were examined in conscious rats. We found that LAB4 significantly inhibited 2DG-induced hyperglycaemia. These findings suggest that ID administration of heat-killed LAB4 might lower plasma glucose level via changes in the autonomic nervous system in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Horii
- 1 ANBAS Corporation, 4-12-10 Toyosaki, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-0072, Japan
| | - Y Fujisaki
- 1 ANBAS Corporation, 4-12-10 Toyosaki, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-0072, Japan
| | - R Fuyuki
- 1 ANBAS Corporation, 4-12-10 Toyosaki, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-0072, Japan
| | - Y Misonou
- 1 ANBAS Corporation, 4-12-10 Toyosaki, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-0072, Japan
| | - K Nagai
- 1 ANBAS Corporation, 4-12-10 Toyosaki, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-0072, Japan.,2 Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Li N, Huang S, Jiang L, Dai Z, Li T, Han D, Wang J. Characterization of the Early Life Microbiota Development and Predominant Lactobacillus Species at Distinct Gut Segments of Low- and Normal-Birth-Weight Piglets. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:797. [PMID: 31040838 PMCID: PMC6476964 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial exposure during early life plays a pivotal role in modulating the health and intestinal development of the host. Our recent study showed that the low-birth-weight (LBW) piglets harbored a different fecal microbiota compared to normal-birth-weight (NBW) piglets during early life with a lower abundance of the genus Lactobacillus. Considering the spatial variations in gut microbiota at distinct gut locations, this study was designed to further investigate the differences in the microbiota composition and predominant Lactobacillus species in the ileum and colon between LBW and NBW piglets during early life, including day 7 (D7), day 21 (D21, before weaning), and day 35 (D35, 2 weeks after weaning). Compared with the normal group, LBW piglets harbored a significantly lower proportion of short-chain fatty acids producing microbes, such as Ruminococcaceae and Prevotellaceae in the ileum on D7, Alistipes and Lachnospiraceae in the colon on D7, Blautia in the colon on D21, and Ruminiclostridium 9 in the colon on D35. The relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes was also declined in both ileum and colon of LBW piglets on D7. Meanwhile, the levels of total SCFAs on D7, D21, and D35, acetate and valerate on D7 and D21, propionate on D21, and lactate on D21 and D35, were also declined in the colon of LBW piglets. Moreover, functional alterations in the gut microbiota of LBW piglets were characterized by differentially abundant microbial genes involved in multiple pathways such as amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, replication and repair, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins in the colon. Additionally, lower numbers of L. salivarius on D7 and L. amylovorus on D21 resided in the colon of LBW piglets compared to those in the normal ones. Collectively, LBW piglets have altered bacterial communities, microbial metabolism and gene functions in the ileum and colon during early life, especially the colonic community. This work will help to develop novel ideas in identifying the reliable biomarkers affecting the gut microbiota development in LBW piglets during early life and facilitate the development of new nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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