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Hoyle JN, Warren-Findlow J, Wallace L, Laditka JN, Laditka SB. Time in childhood extracurricular activity and mental health of young adults with developmental disability. Disabil Health J 2024:101671. [PMID: 38991870 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with developmental disability have higher rates of mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, psychological distress, or a limited sense of belonging to a community. Extracurricular activity can help children and adolescents build social connections beyond family, increasing social capital, which may promote mental health in the transition into adulthood. Little is known about such associations among people with developmental disability. OBJECTIVE To examine associations of childhood extracurricular activity with mental health in young adulthood among people with and without developmental disability. METHODS Data: Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID, 1968-2017), its Child Development Supplement (1997, 2002, 2007) and its Transition into Adulthood Supplement (2005-2019) (n = 2801). Time diaries measured time in activity. Outcomes were psychological distress (Kessler K6) and flourishing (Mental Health Continuum-Short Form). Adjusted linear regressions modeled associations. RESULTS In nationally representative results, 9.6 % (95 % confidence interval, CI 7.8, 11.4) had a disability. Children without disability reported more average weekly time in group activity, 125.1 min (CI 113.2, 136.9) vs. 93.6 (CI 55.1, 132.0; not significant at conventional levels). In adjusted results, "some" group activity (0-180 weekly minutes) was associated with greater flourishing for those with developmental disability (0.89; CI 0.16, 1.61). CONCLUSIONS Among people with developmental disability, group activity in childhood was associated with greater flourishing in young adulthood. More research is needed to understand the complex nature of activity participation for children with developmental disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N Hoyle
- Public Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Jan Warren-Findlow
- Public Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Lauren Wallace
- Public Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - James N Laditka
- Public Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Sarah B Laditka
- Public Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
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Shuttleworth H, Hickey L, Toovey R. Pathways to participation in gymnastics for children with disability. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:2365-2373. [PMID: 37287346 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2221460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand the pathways of children with disability participating in gymnastics in Victoria, Australia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A sequential explanatory mixed-method study design was used. Participants completed an online survey, with selected participants purposively invited to undertake semi-structured interviews via videoconference. Quantitative survey data was analysed using descriptive statistics with preliminary findings informing the invitation of interview participants and refinement of interview questions. Qualitative survey and interview data were analysed together using thematic analysis to create themes. Data was combined to create a conceptual model. RESULTS Fifty-eight parents consented to participate in the study with eight interviews conducted. Key themes were: (1) Tailored, accessible, supportive environments and programs make a difference, (2) An explicitly inclusive club culture helps young people get and stay involved, (3) Coach knowledge about engaging children with disability is valued, (4) Enjoyment, recognition, and achievement facilitate ongoing participation, and (5) Gymnastics has physical and social benefits for children with disability. The findings inform a conceptual model that describes three key stages along a pathway to participation including; choosing gymnastics as a sport, selecting a club, and ongoing participation. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore participation of children with disability in gymnastics in Australia. These findings provide guidance to those supporting children with disability to participate in gymnastics (e.g., policy makers, club owners, coaches, and allied health professionals) regarding creating more inclusive environments and experiences at each stage of participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Shuttleworth
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Lyndal Hickey
- Department of Social Work, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Rachel Toovey
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
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Campos MJ, Pečnikar Oblak V, Massart A, Ljubotina P, Perényi S, Farkas J, Sarmento H, Doupona M. Listening to Stakeholders' Voices on Funding Social Inclusion in Sport for People with Disabilities-Proposal for Criteria. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:147. [PMID: 38921841 PMCID: PMC11209058 DOI: 10.3390/sports12060147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The value of sport is extensively documented; however, there are still groups who do not have the opportunity to enjoy the benefits of sport due to lack of investment, particularly important for people with disabilities. A gap persists in understanding the effectiveness of inclusive sport programs in addressing equity-related targets, particularly on the effective methods of financing inclusion in sport for individuals with disabilities. Therefore, providing a platform for stakeholders to express their perspectives becomes crucial. Through focus groups and the World Café approach, the aim of this study was to gather insights from athletes, parents, professionals, and sport club managers regarding the funding of inclusive sport for people with disabilities. A total of 72 participants took part in nine focus groups in Portugal, Slovenia, and Hungary: 27 athletes with disabilities, 22 coaches, other technicians and parents, and 23 club managers/directors. Findings were divided into five topics: (1) perspectives on current funding satisfaction; (2) perspectives on sources and criteria for funding; (3) perspectives on ideal funding; (4) perspectives on ideas to reach decision-makers; and (5) proposals on ideal criteria for funding. Based on these findings, six measurable criteria for fair funding allocation were suggested that could develop a properly weighted system of criteria for decision-makers to assess the allocation of funding among inclusive sport organizations with the potential to catalyze broader policy and societal changes. Additionally, there is a pressing need to develop a funding model for inclusive sport for individuals with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Campos
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.M.); (H.S.)
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Alain Massart
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.M.); (H.S.)
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Predrag Ljubotina
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (M.D.)
- School of Advanced Social Studies Nova Gorica, Gregorčičeva ulica 19, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Szilvia Perényi
- Department of Sports Management, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary; (S.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Judit Farkas
- Department of Sports Management, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary; (S.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.M.); (H.S.)
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mojca Doupona
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (M.D.)
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Ristevski E, McCook F, Thompson S, Duncan Z, Lawler B, Broxham C. Initiatives to facilitate the social inclusion of people with intellectual disability in physical activities with others in community-based sporting, recreation and leisure activities: A scoping review. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13238. [PMID: 38622495 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While barriers to participation in physical activity are well documented, there is no consolidated evidence on strategies promoting participation of people with intellectual disability in physical activities. METHODS We conducted a scoping review to examine initiatives used to facilitate the inclusion of people with intellectual disability in community-based sporting and recreation activities. We searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL+ and PsycINFO for articles published in English between 2000 and 2022. RESULTS Eight articles were included. Initiatives included: (1) building knowledge, awareness and attitudinal change (2) organisational alliances/partnerships (3) relationship-building (4) modifications/adaptions to activities/environment (5) organisational policy (6) engagement with people with disability. Initiatives were implemented through international collaborations, in local fitness/recreational facilities and public spaces, and targeted athletes, coaches, volunteers and organisational leaders. CONCLUSION While some increase in awareness and inclusion of people with intellectual disability was reported, no longitudinal data reported on the impact of initiatives on sustained social inclusion for people with intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Ristevski
- Monash Rural Health Warragul, Monash University, Australia
| | - Fiona McCook
- Monash Rural Health Warragul, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Zoe Duncan
- Monash Rural Health Warragul, Monash University, Australia
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Kreinbucher-Bekerle C, Perkounig TM, Novak B, Sattler MC. Differences in physical activity volume and intensity between Unified and non-Unified Special Olympics football training: An observational pilot study. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13193. [PMID: 38361364 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The participation of people with intellectual disabilities in Special Olympics sports and training opportunities offers numerous benefits for health and inclusion. However, little is known about the impact of such training on physical activity behaviour. Here, we evaluate the differences in physical activity volume and intensity of Special Olympics athletes between Unified and non-Unified football training. METHOD Accelerometer data of 12 male athletes from eight standardised training sessions (four Unified, four non-Unified) were analysed. RESULTS While there was no statistically significant difference for the main part of the training, athletes showed higher levels of physical activity intensity (MVPA: Mdiff = 11.74%; 95% CI = 5.50-17.97) and volume (average acceleration ENMO: Mdiff = 112.82 mg; 95% CI = 24.73-200.90) in a Unified compared to non-Unified endurance-related exercise task. CONCLUSION Understanding physical activity participation in different training types can help to design and implement future training programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bernhard Novak
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Ayyildiz E, Aras D, Yagin FH, Gülü M, Yapici H, Alwhaibi R. Investigation of sports participation motivation in people with disabilities: a cross-sectional study of individuals with physical and hearing impairments. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:56. [PMID: 38395979 PMCID: PMC10893699 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
While reading the literature, it is seen that there are not enough studies on the motivation of disabled individuals to participate in sports. This study aims to examine the sports participation motivations of hearing impaired and physically disabled athletes. This study was a cross-sectional study. The research group of the study consists of physically and hearing-impaired individuals between the ages of 18-47. The participants of this research group consisted of 253 volunteer disabled individuals, 150 of whom were men and 103 of whom were women. Sports participation motivation scale was used for disabled individuals. The scale consists of 3 dimensions and is a 5-point Likert type. The results of the study showed that hearing-impaired people have a higher high school rate and physically person with disability have a higher bachelor's degree rate, but the primary education rate did not change between hearing and physically person with disability. Physical activity participation differed between hearing and physically person with disability, and it was observed that hearing-impaired people participated in more physical activities. The level of well-being of the physically disabled was significantly better than the hearing impaired. As conclusion, it is observed that the people with the lowest motivation to participate in sports are primary school graduates and those with high welfare have a high motivation to participate in sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Ayyildiz
- Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey.
| | - Dicle Aras
- Ankara University Performance Analysis in Sports Application and Research Center, Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Hilal Yagin
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, 44280, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Gülü
- Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, 71450, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Yapici
- Department of Recreation, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, 71450, Turkey
| | - Reem Alwhaibi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Maenhout L, Melville CA. Unravelling the link between physical activity and peer social connectedness in young people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review of quantitative studies. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2024; 68:95-112. [PMID: 37821423 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited understanding of the context surrounding physical activity (PA) of young people with intellectual disabilities (ID), which has an impact on the development of PA promotion programmes. Peer social connectedness seems to be a vital correlate to focus on, but has not been included in current studies examining the correlates and determinants of PA levels of young people with ID. This study aims to synthesise the evidence on (1) the social constructs researchers have used to conceptualise peer social connectedness in a PA context among young people with ID, (2) the measurement tools that have been used and (3) the relationship between PA and peer social connectedness in young people with ID. METHODS The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, ERIC, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched from 1 January 1996 up to, and including, July 2023 to identify English-language studies, which examined associations between PA and peer social connectedness in adolescents and young adults (13-24 years) with ID. Study quality was assessed using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields. RESULTS Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Ten peer social connectedness constructs and 18 measurement instruments were identified. Studies were predominantly focused on Special Olympics participants and unified activity formats. Participation in PA can increase social connectedness, but there is a lack of studies examining whether PA can also be increased by focusing on peer social connectedness in young people with ID. CONCLUSIONS Results show that peer social connectedness is recognised as relevant to researchers developing and testing PA programmes for young people with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maenhout
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - C A Melville
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Rossing NN, Agergaard S, Skrubbeltrang LS. Moving beyond skills acquisition: a multiple case study of situated learning in a league for children with disabilities. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1217349. [PMID: 37901390 PMCID: PMC10601627 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1217349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, there has been a movement from individualistic and mechanistic notions of learning to approaches that turn attention to the significance of the context of learning. While these approaches have been utilized to point out the significance of the environment for skill acquisition, they have primarily been oriented towards performance-oriented milieus. Inspired by the theory of situated learning in "communities of practice" (CoP), the aim of the study is to analyze learning processes among members (participants, coaches, parents, etc.) of a diverse sporting community. The article is based on a multiple-case study of a Danish handball community named Lykkeliga (Happy League) that within a few years has attracted more than a thousand children with a remarkable diverse range of age, gender, diagnosis, and disabilities. The data collection included participant observation of training and tournament situations in two clubs over a 3-month period, along with informal interviews. The thematic analysis reveals a range of legitimate ways of participating for members of Happy League clubs, including sitting on the bench and even dating during practice. In sum, our case study sheds light on how situated learning in sporting communities may be directed towards inclusion and expansive understanding of what it means to be a sport participant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels N. Rossing
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Sine Agergaard
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Lotte S. Skrubbeltrang
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Social Education, University College Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark
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Pečnikar Oblak V, Campos MJ, Lemos S, Rocha M, Ljubotina P, Poteko K, Kárpáti O, Farkas J, Perényi S, Kustura U, Massart A, Doupona M. Narrowing the Definition of Social Inclusion in Sport for People with Disabilities through a Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2292. [PMID: 37628490 PMCID: PMC10454786 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept and practice of social inclusion in sport are still undefined, causing confusion both in the field of sport policy and practice. According to the United Nations (UN), a conceptual and analytical work on what constitutes inclusion is needed. Therefore, this study aims to define social inclusion in sport for people with disabilities by reviewing the existing literature. Using a scoping review framework, articles related to a possible definition of social inclusion in sport or to the elements of this definition were reviewed. For the eighteen (18) articles selected, the focus was on 152 statements, which were grouped into 6 main categories, namely: policy (29), fundamental conditions (28), key elements (30), soft skills (20), field gaps (31), and best practices (14). Ten keywords were extracted from each of the six categories using the free online program cortical.io. All 60 keywords were then compared with each other. After deleting the duplicates, 24 keywords remained, which were classified into five major categories: (1) key people, (2) key environments, (3) key ways to use, (4) key benefits, and (5) key barriers, in order to create a descriptive definition of social inclusion in sport for people with disabilities that can contribute to the goals of the UN 2030 Agenda. In addition to the definition, relevant issues were also raised for in-depth discussion and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Pečnikar Oblak
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (K.P.); (M.D.)
| | - Maria João Campos
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana Lemos
- Portuguese Association for Developmental Disorders and Autism of Coimbra (APPDA Coimbra), Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Av. Afonso Romão, 3000-602 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Micaela Rocha
- Portuguese Association for Developmental Disorders and Autism of Coimbra (APPDA Coimbra), Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Av. Afonso Romão, 3000-602 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.L.); (M.R.)
| | - Predrag Ljubotina
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (K.P.); (M.D.)
- School of Advanced Social Studies Nova Gorica, Gregorčičeva Ulica 19, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Kaja Poteko
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (K.P.); (M.D.)
| | | | - Judit Farkas
- Quality Assurance and Accreditation Office, Hungarian University of Sports Science, H-1123 Budapest, Hungary; (J.F.); (S.P.)
| | - Szilvia Perényi
- Quality Assurance and Accreditation Office, Hungarian University of Sports Science, H-1123 Budapest, Hungary; (J.F.); (S.P.)
| | - Urška Kustura
- Special Olympics Slovenia, Samova 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Alain Massart
- Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mojca Doupona
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.P.O.); (P.L.); (K.P.); (M.D.)
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Fernandes O, Marra da Silva R, Rego Ramos L, Gama TM, Lobo I, Guerra Leal Souza G, Arruda Sanchez T. The impact of a violent community on mental health and the benefits of a sport program for social development. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:51-66. [PMID: 35583853 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a violent environment on mental health and the impact of a sport for social development (SSD) program on quality of life, mental distress symptoms, and heart rate variability (HRV). HRV and psychometric data were measured from 20 men professional athletes assisted by the SSD and 20 men living in the same violent community. The comparison of groups revealed greater sympathetic parameters of HRV, positive affect, and quality of life in the SSD group. Multiple regression analysis showed that the quality of life in the SSD group was positively predicted by positive affect, while in the control group the quality of life was negatively predicted by their history of traumatic events. Both groups reported high levels of exposure to traumatic events and posttraumatic stress symptoms. However, this study demonstrates the benefits of SSD programs in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Fernandes
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem e Psicofisiologia, Departamento de Radiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ruy Marra da Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem e Psicofisiologia, Departamento de Radiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Cardiologia, Instituto do Coração Edson Saad, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rego Ramos
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem e Psicofisiologia, Departamento de Radiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tamires M Gama
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem e Psicofisiologia, Departamento de Radiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabela Lobo
- Grupo de Psicobiologia/Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia, Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade/NUPEM, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guerra Leal Souza
- Laboratório de Psicofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tiago Arruda Sanchez
- Laboratório de Neuroimagem e Psicofisiologia, Departamento de Radiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Cardiologia, Instituto do Coração Edson Saad, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Opportunities for Participation: A Mapping Review of Inclusive Physical Activity for Youth With Disabilities. Pediatr Phys Ther 2023; 35:75-83. [PMID: 36638033 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000000973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this review is to map the literature regarding group-based inclusive and adapted physical activity opportunities for youth with disabilities, and to identify gaps in that literature. METHODS A comprehensive search was completed across 5 electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were for any study type with youth ages 3 to 21 years who participated in any adapted group-based physical activity program, or their caregivers. RESULTS A total of 30 studies were included from 13 countries, consisting of more than 15 types of physical activity. Levels of evidence ranged from 2b to 4 as per the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence system. CONCLUSIONS A small but growing body of evidence exists regarding group-based inclusive and adapted physical activity. A dearth of evidence exists for rurally residing programs and programs that include children with severe disabilities.
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Martínez-Medina A, Morales-Calvo S, Rodríguez-Martín V, Meseguer-Sánchez V, Molina-Moreno V. Sixteen Years since the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: What Have We Learned since Then? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11646. [PMID: 36141926 PMCID: PMC9517366 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Persons with disabilities have historically been subjected to discrimination and exclusion, placing them in dangerous situations of social vulnerability. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, passed on the 13th of December 2006, was an important legislative landmark for valuing the rights of this population group. This study involved a bibliometric analysis of 1024 research articles published in Scopus on the social, workplace, educational, and financial inclusion of persons with disabilities since the Convention. The results show an increase in scientific production, and there is also a great deal of multi-disciplinarity, which has led to important breakthroughs for the all-encompassing inclusion of this section of the population. The most productive journals, authors, institutions, and countries, as well as the international cooperation networks, are presented here. The review concludes by setting out the main themes and trends in the research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Martínez-Medina
- Health Sciences PhD Program, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos nº135, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Sonia Morales-Calvo
- Department of Research and Diagnostic Methods in Education, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
| | - Vicenta Rodríguez-Martín
- Department of Social Work and Social Services, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
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13
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Rodriquez J, Lanser A, Jacobs HE, Smith A, Ganguly S. When the Normative Is Formative: Parents' Perceptions of the Impacts of Inclusive Sports Programs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10889. [PMID: 36078605 PMCID: PMC9518087 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This qualitative study examines the perspectives of parents of youth with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) who participated in Special Olympics Unified Sports®, a program in which high school students with and without IDD compete on the same team. Based on semi-structured interviews with parents (n = 23) as part of a larger evaluation of Special Olympics Unified Champion Schools in three states in the United States, thematic analysis shows that parents perceived improvements in their child's social and emotional skills, including demeanor and attitude, an enhanced sense of belonging at school, the emergence of new friendships and social opportunities, and rewarding interactions that flowed from the opportunity to engage in normative activities. Implications for schools and families are discussed in terms of the importance of providing and facilitating meaningful opportunities for inclusive extracurricular activities such as sports for youth with IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Rodriquez
- Department of Sociology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
- Center for Social Development and Education, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Anika Lanser
- Center for Social Development and Education, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Holly E. Jacobs
- Center for Social Development and Education, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Ashlyn Smith
- Special Olympics, Inc., Washington, DC 20036, USA
| | - Sharbari Ganguly
- Department of Sociology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
- Center for Social Development and Education, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
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14
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Khoo S, Ansari P, John J, Brooke M. The Top 50 Most Cited Articles on Special Olympics: A Bibliometric Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10150. [PMID: 36011782 PMCID: PMC9407739 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Special Olympics was established in 1968 to "provide year-round sports training and athletic competition in a variety of Olympic-type sports for children and adults with intellectual disabilities". It has gained recognition in the field of sports and healthcare of persons with intellectual disability, with a large number of dedicated researchers and institutions all over the world. However, there is an urgent need to analyze the progress and current status of this research field to identify knowledge gaps and develop this discipline. The aim of this study was to analyze the scientific production of the Special Olympics and report the bibliometric characteristics of the top 50 most cited Special Olympics publications. A systematic search was conducted on the Scopus database and bibliometric data were extracted and analyzed. The top 50 publications received 1632 citations. A total of 138 authors (63 female and 75 male) contributed to these publications. The two main areas of study were the physical health of Special Olympics athletes (n = 27) and the psycho-social health of athletes (n = 12).
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Khoo
- Centre for Sport and Exercice Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Disability Sport Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Payam Ansari
- DCU Business School, Dublin City University, D09Y5NO Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacob John
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mark Brooke
- Centre for English Language Communication, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117511, Singapore
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15
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Quinzi F, Camomilla V, Sbriccoli P, Piacentini MF, Vannozzi G. Assessing motor competence in kicking in individuals with Down syndrome through wearable motion sensors. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2022; 66:558-567. [PMID: 35083813 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kicking a ball is a very frequent action in sport and leisure time activities and a low proficiency in this skill could limit the participation in recreational sport activities. This issue is emphasised in individuals with Down syndrome (IDS) for which data about motor competence in kicking are limited to children. Here, we aim at evaluating the kicking competence of IDS combining a qualitative and a quantitative method. METHODS Twenty-three adult IDS and 21 typically developed individuals (ITD) volunteered to participate in the study. Peak-to-peak 3D linear acceleration and angular velocity were recorded at 200 samples/s using two inertial measurement units placed on the lower back and lateral malleolus of the dominant limb during kicking. Motor competence in kicking was assessed according to the criteria proposed in the test of gross motor development version 3 (TGMD-3). RESULTS Individuals with Down syndrome showed lower motor competence (ITD: 5.9 ± 1.2; IDS: 3.2 ± 2.0) and lower angular velocities about the cranio-caudal (ITD: 3.0 ± 1.8; IDS: 2.1 ± 1.1 rad/s) and medio-lateral axes (ITD: 4.5 ± 1.5; IDS: 3.0 ± 1.1 rad/s) of the trunk compared with ITD. Shank angular velocity about the medio-lateral axis was lower in IDS (ITD: 14.3.6 ± 4.0; IDS: 9.9 ± 2.8 rad/s). CONCLUSIONS The lower trunk angular velocity in IDS may limit the possibility to rely on the proximal-to-distal sequencing commonly observed in kicking and generate high shank angular velocity upon ball impact. The lower trunk angular velocity may result from orthopaedic features of the pelvic girdle and possibly from a poorer neuromuscular control of core muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Quinzi
- Department of Human Movement and Health Science, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - V Camomilla
- Department of Human Movement and Health Science, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - P Sbriccoli
- Department of Human Movement and Health Science, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - M F Piacentini
- Department of Human Movement and Health Science, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
| | - G Vannozzi
- Department of Human Movement and Health Science, University of Rome Foro Italico, Rome, Italy
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16
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Attitudes Toward People With Intellectual Disability Associated With Integrated Sport Participation. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2022; 39:86-108. [PMID: 34728589 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2021-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct, meaningful contact with people with intellectual disability, such as through integrated sport, may be related to positive attitudes. The current study aimed to compare implicit (unconscious) and explicit (conscious) attitudes between adults involved in integrated sport events and those in a comparison group who were not and examine the association between attitudes and degree of integrated sport involvement. An online survey measuring attitudes was completed by 295 adults without intellectual disability who participated in integrated sport activities and 450 adults who did not. Individuals involved in integrated sport reported less negative behavioral and affective attitudes relative to the comparison group, with mixed results for cognitive attitudes. Groups did not differ on implicit attitudes. Greater integrated sport involvement was related to some aspects of explicit attitudes. Involvement in integrated sport may be linked to how participants view intellectual disability, which has important implications for enhancing social inclusion and informing positive attitudes.
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17
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Quality of Participation Experiences in Special Olympics Sports Programs. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2022; 39:17-36. [PMID: 34740991 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2021-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined experiential elements facilitating quality sport experiences for youth (ages 12-24 years) in Special Olympics, and the associated influences of sport program and sociodemographic characteristics. A total of 451 athletes involved in the 2019 Special Olympics Youth Games completed a survey assessing elements of quality participation (autonomy, belongingness, challenge, engagement, mastery, and meaning). The t tests investigated whether athletes with intellectual and developmental disabilities rated elements differently across Traditional and Unified Sport programs. Regression analyses explored whether sport program and sociodemographic characteristics were predictors of these elements. Youth reported high mean scores across the elements, with no significant differences between athletes with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Traditional or Unified Sport. Athletes with no reported disability rated higher autonomy than those who reported disability (p = .01). Women tended to report greater engagement in sport than men (p = .07). Findings provide theoretical and practical insights into quality sport participation among youth in Special Olympics.
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18
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Alanazi A. Developing social skills and self-satisfaction of adults with intellectual disabilities through sports: a parental perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 69:717-727. [PMID: 37547552 PMCID: PMC10402864 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2021.2012751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of sports activities on social skills and self-satisfaction in adults with intellectual disabilities by obtaining the perspective of their parents. A questionnaire was used to collect the viewpoints of parents with adult children who have an intellectual disability in sports facilities. This questionnaire aimed to gather responses in relation to close-ended questions based on three dimensions: the reasons for participating in sports; general expectations of the sporting activities; and the effects of exercise in relation to adults with intellectual disabilities. The questionnaire was given to a sample set of 400 parents. 120 of these parents responded to and returned the questionnaire addressing the objectives of the study. The findings revealed that there are significant barriers that prevent people with intellectual disabilities from playing sports-including lack of training programs, the absence of their rights, and the difficulties of accessing sports facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Alanazi
- Special Education Department, Jouf University, Sakaka, Jouf, Saudi Arabia
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19
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The Integration of Wheelchair Users in Team Handball. Sports (Basel) 2021; 9:sports9120168. [PMID: 34941806 PMCID: PMC8709203 DOI: 10.3390/sports9120168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Thus far, there are only a few sports activities in which people with and without intellectual disabilities can participate together and on an equal footing. The situation is even more complicated when people who are dependent on a wheelchair want to take part. The sports project Freiwurf Hamburg aims to make team handball playable for everyone. This case study documents how this can be achieved with a modified version of the handball game for runners and wheelchair users. Qualitative and quantitative data are collected and evaluated. The results show that players tend to distinguish between the roles of runner and wheelchair user rather than between disabled and non-disabled.
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20
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Von Held R, Castilho T, Antunes LAA, Tavares JDS, Pivetta Petinati MF, Winckler C, Neto ZCO, Scariot R, Küchler EC, Brancher JA, Antunes LS. Interleukin 1 alpha genetic polymorphisms as potential biomarkers for oral health-related quality of life in Para athletes. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 41:679-687. [PMID: 34245174 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the impact of dental caries on OHRQoL in Para athletes and to evaluate whether interleukin 1 alpha (IL1A) (rs17561, rs1304037), interleukin 10 (IL10) (rs1800871), and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) (rs9005) genes are potential biomarkers for OHRQoL in Para athletes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study consisting of 264 Para athletes (athletics, 143; powerlifting, 61; and swimming, 60) aged between 14 and 79 years was conducted. The decayed-missing-filled teeth index was used for the clinical evaluation. The Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to measure the OHRQoL. Genomic DNA was extracted from the saliva. Genetic polymorphisms were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS The overall mean OHIP-14 score observed was 6.24 (standard deviation, 7.05) and 10.03 (standard deviation, 8.11) in Para athletes with no caries experience and with caries experience, respectively (p = .002). Para athletes with the A allele in the IL1A gene (rs17561), in a dominant model, had a significantly higher risk of poor psychological discomfort than those with the other allele (p = .03). CONCLUSION Dental caries affected the OHRQoL in Para athletes. IL1A genetic polymorphisms were the potential biomarkers for OHRQoL in Para athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Von Held
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Niterói, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thuanny Castilho
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Niterói, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lívia Azeredo Alves Antunes
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Niterói, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Nova Friburgo, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Specific Formation of the Health Institute of Nova Friburgo (FFE-ISNF), Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ciro Winckler
- Human Movement Sciences Department, São Paulo Federal University, Santos, Brazil.,CPB, Brazilian Paralympic Committee, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Rafaela Scariot
- School of Health Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leonardo Santos Antunes
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Niterói, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Nova Friburgo, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Specific Formation of the Health Institute of Nova Friburgo (FFE-ISNF), Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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21
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Steiger A, Mumenthaler F, Nagel S. Friendships in Integrative Settings: Network Analyses in Organized Sports and a Comparison with School. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126603. [PMID: 34205305 PMCID: PMC8296506 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Social networks affect health. In this empirical study, friendship networks in integrative organized sports were examined and then compared with friendship networks in integrative school. Relevant factors for friendship network formation were investigated, with a particular interest in the relevance of intellectual disability. Advanced social network analysis was performed using exponential random graph modeling (ERGM) on individual attributes and dyadic factors, while controlling for network structures. A meta-analysis of estimated ERGMs in each setting, organized sports and school, was conducted. When controlling for all other included factors, intellectual disability is not relevant for friendship networks in organized sports. Athletic ability and gender homophily are relevant factors, while language and similarity in athletic ability are not. Contrary to the results for organized sports, intellectual disability and speaking a foreign language at home are negative factors in friendship networks at school. Athletic ability is important in both settings. Regarding dyadic factors, gender homophily is important in both settings, but similarity in athletic ability is not. To foster the psychosocial health of children with intellectual disabilities, they should be encouraged to participate in integrative organized sports as, there, they are part of friendship networks in a manner equal to their peers without an intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Steiger
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.M.); (S.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-31-684-56-54
| | - Fabian Mumenthaler
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.M.); (S.N.)
- Institute of Special Education, Bern University of Teacher Education, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Siegfried Nagel
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (F.M.); (S.N.)
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22
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Byers T, Hayday EJ, Mason F, Lunga P, Headley D. Innovation for Positive Sustainable Legacy From Mega Sports Events: Virtual Reality as a Tool for Social Inclusion Legacy for Paris 2024 Paralympic Games. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:625677. [PMID: 33969293 PMCID: PMC8097166 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.625677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is significant interest in how sports events and their associated legacies could act as a platform to address global challenges and engender social change. The United Nations (UN) has acknowledged the important role that sport plays in supporting the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Olympic movement could be argued as central to that objective. Yet critical questions and concerns have been raised about the growing expenditure, viability, long term legacy, and impacts of mega sports events such as the Olympic Games. While much evidence has focused on the challenges of creating legacy for Olympic Games, there is considerably less literature on understanding the Paralympic context. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of innovation in creating legacy from MSEs and propose a theoretical and methodological plan for such research. Innovation, a key driver in organizational performance, is suggested as essential to defining, planning for and measuring legacy. We specifically examine the potential of virtual reality (VR) as a technological innovation which can help create a social inclusion legacy in the context of Paris 2024 Olympic/Paralympic Games. A conceptual model is developed, which identifies legacy as a "wicked problem", and this paper discusses the importance of innovation with regards to legacy, by suggesting a new application for VR technology in the context of legacy related to social inclusion. Information technology is a valuable facilitator of social inclusion for individuals with a disability. We specifically examine the potential of VR as a technological innovation which can help create legacy through influencing unconscious biases (symbolic ableism) toward diversity such as disability, gender, and race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri Byers
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Emily Jane Hayday
- Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fred Mason
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Phillip Lunga
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Daneka Headley
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, Fredericton, NB, Canada
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23
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Huus K, Schlebusch L, Ramaahlo M, Samuels A, Berglund IG, Dada S. Barriers and facilitators to participation for children and adolescents with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries - A scoping review. Afr J Disabil 2021; 10:771. [PMID: 33824860 PMCID: PMC8008013 DOI: 10.4102/ajod.v10i0.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research has shown that all children and adolescents have the right to participate in their everyday life. However, little is known about what impacts the participation of children and adolescents with disabilities living in low-and middle-income countries. Objective The present study undertakes a scoping review of research to synthesise the current literature about barriers and facilitators to participation in everyday life for children and adolescents with disabilities living in low- and middle-income countries. Method A scoping review was conducted. The databases Psyc INFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Pubmed, ERIC and African Wide information were searched for studies published between 2001 and April 2018. Data was analysed using deductive content analysis. The barriers and facilitators to participation were categorised into personal factors, social factors, environmental factors, and policy and programme factors. Result In the end, 17 articles were included for data extraction as they mentioned barriers and facilitators to participation for children and adolescents with disabilities. Most of the reviewed studies reported on barriers to participation. Only one of the studies was performed in a country classified as a low-income country; all other studies were performed in middle-income countries. The results indicate that some factors, especially social factors, could be perceived as both facilitators and barriers to participation. Conclusion There is a lack of studies describing barriers and facilitators in low- and middle- income countries. Barriers and facilitators in proximity to the child and family are most frequently described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Huus
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.,CHILD Research Group, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.,Swedish Institute of Disability Research (SIDR), School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Liezl Schlebusch
- Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Faculty of Humanities, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Maria Ramaahlo
- Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Faculty of Humanities, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Alecia Samuels
- Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Faculty of Humanities, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Ingalill Gimbler Berglund
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.,CHILD Research Group, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden.,CHILD Research Group, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Shakila Dada
- Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Faculty of Humanities, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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24
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Koller D, Stoddart K. Approaches that Address Social Inclusion for Children with Disabilities: A Critical Review. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-020-09589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Zhao WM, Thirumal K, Renwick R, DuBois D. Belonging through sport participation for young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A scoping review. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2020; 34:402-420. [PMID: 33086436 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that sport facilitates belonging for diverse athletes. This scoping review characterizes literature on sport participation and belonging for young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search of five databases identified 17,497 articles. Selected articles (N = 39) underwent data extraction and analysis guided by a theoretical framework of belonging, outlining four processes through which belonging is experienced by individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. RESULTS Articles originated from developed countries and in the context of Special Olympics (N = 17). Studies commonly used qualitative interviews with proxy respondents. While all studies described at least one belonging process, only 11 studies applied the term "belonging," and no study defined the construct. CONCLUSION Belonging is not well-conceptualized in sports literature for athletes with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Understanding belonging through sport participation for this population may inform sport-based policies and programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Mai Zhao
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kirtana Thirumal
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rebecca Renwick
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Denise DuBois
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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26
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Improvements in Tennis Skills in Adults With Developmental and Intellectual Disabilities Following an 8-Week Adapted Tennis Program. JOURNAL OF MOTOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2019-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study quantified changes in tennis skills and dose of practice in adults with developmental and intellectual disabilities following an 8-week adapted tennis program. Twenty-seven adults with disabilities (mean age 24.7) participated in an 8-week adapted tennis program (1-hour, twice a week). Participants’ racquets were equipped with sensors that measured the number of shots during the program (dose). Pre- and post-test tennis skill assessments (process scores) were conducted for the forehand and backhand. All participants showed significant improvements in forehand and backhand process scores. Level of function, but not age or disability type, was associated with forehand and backhand process scores. The number of forehand shots performed during the adapted tennis program did not change across the program. The number of forehand shots was associated with age and disability type, but not level of function. The number of backhand shots (dose) was not associated with age, disability, or level of function. The number of forehand or backhand shots (dose) was not associated with changes in forehand or backhand process scores, respectively. This study provides evidence of the efficacy of this adapted tennis program to develop fundamental tennis skills in novice players with developmental and intellectual disabilities.
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27
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Smythe T, Adelson JD, Polack S. Systematic review of interventions for reducing stigma experienced by children with disabilities and their families in low‐ and middle‐income countries: state of the evidence. Trop Med Int Health 2020; 25:508-524. [DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Smythe
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
| | - Jaimie D Adelson
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Sarah Polack
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
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28
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Scifo L, Chicau Borrego C, Monteiro D, Matosic D, Feka K, Bianco A, Alesi M. Sport Intervention Programs (SIPs) to Improve Health and Social Inclusion in People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2019; 4:jfmk4030057. [PMID: 33467372 PMCID: PMC7739438 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk4030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivity is a major issue that causes physical and psychological health problems, especially in people with intellectual disability (ID). This review discusses the beneficial effects of sport intervention programs (SIPs) in people with ID, and aims to provide an overview of the scientific literature in order to identify the main factors influencing the participation of people with ID in SIPs. Twelve papers were analyzed and compared. The results show a large variety in examined SIPs, concerning participants' age and disability, intervention characteristics and context, as well as measures and findings. The main factors essential for people with ID partaking in SIPs appeared to be suitable places for the SIP development, adequate implementation of physical activity (PA) programs in school and extra-school contexts, education, and the training of teachers and instructors. The literature review highlights the relevance of using SIPs in order to improve physical and psychological health, as well as increase social inclusion in populations with ID. SIPs should be included in multifactor intervention programs. Nevertheless, the need is recognized for stakeholders to adopt specific practice and policy in promoting social inclusion in order to organize intervention strategies which are able to provide quality experiences in sport and physical activity for people with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Scifo
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, IT, V.le delle Scienze Edificio 15, 90100 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Carla Chicau Borrego
- Escola Superior de Rio Maior, CIEQV, Av. Mário Soares, 2040-413 Rio Marior, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior (ESDRM-IPSantarem), Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano (CIDESD), 2040-413 Rio Marior, PORTUGAL
| | - Doris Matosic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Teslina 6, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Kaltrina Feka
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, IT, V.le delle Scienze Edificio 15, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, IT, V.le delle Scienze Edificio 15, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna Alesi
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, IT, V.le delle Scienze Edificio 15, 90100 Palermo, Italy
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Orr K, Wright FV, Grassmann V, McPherson AC, Faulkner GE, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP. Children and youth with impairments in social skills and cognition in out-of-school time inclusive physical activity programs: a scoping review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 67:79-93. [PMID: 34141401 PMCID: PMC8115467 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2019.1603731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Children and youth with impairments in social skills and/or cognition face many barriers to community participation specifically physical activity (PA) (e.g., limited staff training). Inclusive PA settings may provide opportunities for children and youth with and without impairments to engage together and promote physical and social skill development. The purpose of this scoping review was to critically evaluate the literature on out-of-school PA programs (i.e., non-curriculum programming) that included children and/or youth with impairments in social skills and/or cognition. A keyword search of seven databases followed by eligibility screening led to ten articles for this scoping review. For each included study, two research team members independently extracted and synthesized the data, and appraised the study reporting quality using the published quality assessment tool (QATSDD). Experts' evaluation of the research literature was obtained. Ten studies, which varied from low to high reporting quality, collectively addressed the following outcomes, with all showing mixed impacts: anthropometrics and fitness; motor and sport skills; psychological well-being; and socialization. Experts suggested routes forward for research and practice including longitudinal designs and programming variety to meet individual needs. Out-of-school PA programs that include children and/or youth with impairments in social skills and/or cognition provide an opportunity to improve multiple areas of health and wellness. However, limited high-quality research has been conducted to-date. Further evaluation of program effectiveness is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystn Orr
- University of Toronto, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Toronto, Canada;
| | - F. Virginia Wright
- Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Canada;
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada;
| | - Viviane Grassmann
- University of Toronto, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Toronto, Canada;
| | | | - Guy E. Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kelly P. Arbour-Nicitopoulos
- University of Toronto, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Toronto, Canada;
- Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Canada;
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Klenk C, Albrecht J, Nagel S. Social participation of people with disabilities in organized community sport. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-019-00584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chandan P, Dubon ME. Clinical Considerations and Resources for Youth Athletes with Intellectual Disability: a Review with a Focus on Special Olympics International. CURRENT PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40141-019-0209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Promoting Wellness in People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Through Relationships. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40474-018-0144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pan CC, Davis R. Exploring physical self-concept perceptions in athletes with intellectual disabilities: the participation of Unified Sports experiences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 65:293-301. [PMID: 34141350 PMCID: PMC8115608 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2018.1470787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Self-description research on athletes with intellectual disabilities (ID) is under investigated. The specific aims in this paper are (a) to identify the differences in physical self-concept and body image by Unified Sports experiences, and (b) to investigate predictors of physical self-concept. METHODS Participants included 89 Special Olympics athletes who had Unified Sports experiences (USE, n = 43) and those without USE (n = 46). Demographic, anthropometric, self-description data were collected during the questionnaire interview and physical examination. Analyses included descriptive and regression modeling to determine differences in the psychological attributes by USE and best subsets of predictors of each physical self-concept construct. RESULTS The findings suggest that the participation of USE facilitated greater sport competence and there is no single predictor across the six physical self-concept constructs. CONCLUSION The findings provide evidence that sports participation may have positive impacts on physical self-concept toward athletes with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chen Pan
- Special Education Center, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Correspondence to: Cheng-Chen Pan, Special Education Center, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ronald Davis
- Kinesiology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX, USA
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Bilias-Lolis E, Gelber NW, Rispoli KM, Bray MA, Maykel C. On promoting understanding and equity through compassionate educational practice: Toward a new inclusion. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ryan S, Fraser-Thomas J, Weiss JA. Patterns of sport participation for youth with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2017; 31:369-378. [PMID: 28976054 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about sport participation in youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The current study examined sport characteristics (frequency, diversity, positive social experiences [PSE]) for youth with ASD and intellectual disability compared to youth with intellectual disability alone and explored the personal and contextual correlates of involvement. METHOD Parents (N = 409) completed an online survey, and multiple mediation analyses were used to examine the factors that explained the relationships between sport involvement in youth with ASD and intellectual disability. RESULTS No significant main effects of ASD status were found for frequency or diversity, but youth with intellectual disability alone had higher scores for PSE compared to youth with ASD and intellectual disability. Sociocommunicative abilities, coach relationship and resources mediated the relationship between ASD status and PSE. CONCLUSIONS A better understanding of the factors related to sport is essential for allowing families, service providers and policy makers to improve involvement for youth with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Ryan
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Bigby C, Anderson S, Cameron N. Identifying conceptualizations and theories of change embedded in interventions to facilitate community participation for people with intellectual disability: A scoping review. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2017; 31:165-180. [PMID: 28799696 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little progress has been made towards community participation of people with intellectual disability despite it being a policy aim since the 1980s. We aimed to identify the features of programmes designed to support community participation. METHOD A scoping review was conducted of peer-reviewed literature between 2000 and 2015, about interventions to support community participation for adults with intellectual disability. RESULTS A small body of evidence relates to the design and effectiveness of interventions to enhance community participation. Seventeen studies reported programmes reflecting three conceptualizations of community participation (as social relationships, as convivial encounter and as belonging) that used strategies such as active mentoring, facilitative support worker practice and arts-based programmes. CONCLUSIONS Studies showed the diverse and person-centred nature of community participation and demonstrated the need for larger-scale studies of promising interventions that include details of costs, and strategies to guide implementation of policies to support community participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Bigby
- Living with Disability Research Centre, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia
| | - Sian Anderson
- Living with Disability Research Centre, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia
| | - Nadine Cameron
- Living with Disability Research Centre, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia
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Tint A, Thomson K, Weiss JA. A systematic literature review of the physical and psychosocial correlates of Special Olympics participation among individuals with intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2017; 61:301-324. [PMID: 27231146 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Special Olympics (SO) is commonly cited to play an important role in the lives of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID). The purpose of the current review was to (a) synthesise key findings regarding the physical, psychological/emotional, social and/or intellectual/cognitive correlates of SO participation for individuals with ID and (b) highlight limitations in the extant research as well as directions for future research. METHOD A systematic review of electronic databases was undertaken. A total of 46 articles were confirmed to meet study criteria. Quality assessments of included studies were conducted using checklists from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network methodology checklists (SIGN 50; SIGN 2008). RESULTS There was a larger amount of support for physical, psychological/emotional and social outcomes as compared with cognitive/intellectual outcomes; however, many studies were confounded by measurement difficulties, sampling procedures and a lack of replicable methods, which hinder generalisation of results. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the need for a continued critical focus on SO programme evaluation research with more rigorous and replicable methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tint
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Thomson
- Centre for Applied Disability Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - J A Weiss
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Weiss JA, Burnham Riosa P, Robinson S, Ryan S, Tint A, Viecili M, MacMullin JA, Shine R. Understanding Special Olympics Experiences from the Athlete Perspectives Using Photo-Elicitation: A Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2016; 30:936-945. [DOI: 10.1111/jar.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephanie Ryan
- Department of Psychology; York University; Toronto ON Canada
| | - Ami Tint
- Department of Psychology; York University; Toronto ON Canada
| | | | | | - Rebecca Shine
- Department of Psychology; York University; Toronto ON Canada
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Steinert C, Steinert T, Flammer E, Jaeger S. Impact of the UN convention on the rights of persons with disabilities (UN-CRPD) on mental health care research - a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:166. [PMID: 27387916 PMCID: PMC4937523 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-0862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN-CRPD) aims at stimulating profound changes and social development in many areas of the society. We wanted to examine the impact of the convention on mental health care research up to now by a systematic review. METHODS We searched relevant electronic databases for empirical studies from the area of mental health which focused directly on the content of the UN-CRPD. RESULTS One thousand six hundred ten articles were screened, 36 of which fulfilled the inclusion criteria and came from 22 different countries. 25 studies (69 %) are related to persons with intellectual disabilities, only 11 to other mental disorders. Study designs were quantitative and qualitative as well. Issues were realisation of the UN-CRPD, implementation and financing, development of instruments, and attitudes towards the UN-CRPD. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to possible wide-reaching consequences for the organisation of mental health care, theoretical debates prevail as of yet and empirical research is still scarce. Research on the UN-CRPD is more advanced for intellectual disabilities and provides good suggestions for relevant research aspects in major mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Steinert
- University of Mannheim, Chair for Political Science IV, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tilman Steinert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, Centres for Psychiatry Suedwuerttemberg, Ulm University, Versorgungsforschung Weissenau, Ravensburg, Germany
| | - Erich Flammer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, Centres for Psychiatry Suedwuerttemberg, Ulm University, Versorgungsforschung Weissenau, Ravensburg, Germany.
| | - Susanne Jaeger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, Centres for Psychiatry Suedwuerttemberg, Ulm University, Versorgungsforschung Weissenau, Ravensburg, Germany
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Geidne S, Jerlinder K. How sports clubs include children and adolescents with disabilities in their activities. A systematic search of peer-reviewed articles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/ssr-2016-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Young people with disabilities participate in sports to a lesser extent than other adolescents. That physical activity has positive effects on young people are understood. Sports clubs are identified as potential environments for physical activity. The reasons why young people with disabilities participate to a lower extent in organized sport is complex and barriers can be deriving from many different levels. However, barriers have been studied more than what can facilitate participation in organized sport. Therefor the aim of this study is to increase the understanding of how sports clubs include children and adolescents with disabilities in their activities. The results of this systematic search are presented using the three research questions: What are the characteristics of the sports clubs that include young people with disabilities?; How are the young people with disabilities included in sports clubs’ activities?; and finally Why are young people with disabilities included in the sports activities?. A vision must be to go from adapting physical activity for disabled persons to adapting physical activity for all people, because the diversity of people’s reasons for doing sports, their differing backgrounds and their uniqueness all demand it. This will result in more people doing sports for longer in life.
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Marquis WA, Baker BL. Sports participation of children with or without developmental delay: prediction from child and family factors. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2015; 37:45-54. [PMID: 25460219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sports participation is beneficial to health and socioemotional adjustment in youth across development. While there is some evidence indicating lower sports participation for children with developmental delays (DD) as compared with their typically developing (TD) peers, little is known as to the predictors of this differential participation. Given the increased risk of physical and mental health difficulties for children with DD, understanding more about this disparity is important. We examined sports participation in elementary school-aged children with or without DD and examined child and family predictors of three indices of sports participation: number of sports and highest relational sport at ages 6 and 8, and consistent sports from 6 to 8. Children with TD were significantly higher on all three indicators. Mother and child factors related significantly to sports participation indices. The number of sports related positively to mother education and positive perceptions and negatively to mother employment. Relational sports were higher in boys, children with higher social skills, and lower behavior problems. In regression analyses at child age 8 that included these other variables, delay status (DD or TD) did not have a significant effect. Perspectives on varying influences on sports participation and implications for intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruce L Baker
- University of California, Los Angeles, United States
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Iosa M, Morelli D, Nisi E, Sorbara C, Negrini S, Gentili P, Paolucci S, Fusco A. Assessment of upper body accelerations in young adults with intellectual disabilities while walking, running, and dual-task running. Hum Mov Sci 2014; 34:187-95. [PMID: 24630612 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Iosa
- Clinical Laboratory of Experimental Neurorehabilitation, Fondazione Santa Lucia I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | - Stefano Negrini
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy; Don Gnocchi Foundation I.R.C.C.S., Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Paolucci
- Clinical Laboratory of Experimental Neurorehabilitation, Fondazione Santa Lucia I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy; Fondazione Santa Lucia I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Fusco
- Clinical Laboratory of Experimental Neurorehabilitation, Fondazione Santa Lucia I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy
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