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Díaz-Ruiz F, Descalzo E, Martínez-Jauregui M, Soliño M, Márquez AL, Farfán MÁ, Real R, Ferreras P, Delibes-Mateos M. Combining ranger records and biogeographical models to identify the current and potential distribution of an expanding mesocarnivore in southern Europe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174216. [PMID: 38914319 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) are increasing and are potentially harmful to both people and wildlife. Understanding the current and potential distribution of wildlife species involved in HWC, such as carnivores, is essential for implementing management and conservation measures for such species. In this study, we assessed both the current distribution and potential distribution (forecast) of the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula. We acquired data concerning mongoose occurrences through an online questionnaire sent to environmental rangers. We used the municipality level as the sampling unit because all municipalities within the study area were covered at least by one ranger. Using the information provided by rangers (i.e. occurrences in their municipalities), we constructed environmental favourability distribution models to assess current and potential mongoose distribution through current distribution models (CDM) and ecological models (EM), respectively. >300 rangers participated in the survey and mongooses were reported in a total of 181 of 921 municipalities studied. The CDM model showed a current distribution mainly concentrated on the western part of the study area, where intermediate-high favourability values predominated. The EM model revealed a wider potential distribution, including the south-east part of the study area, which was also characterised by intermediate-high favourability values. Our predictions were verified using independent data, including confirmation of mongoose reproduction by rangers, reports by other experts, and field sampling in some areas. Our innovative approach based on an online survey to rangers coupled with environmental favourability models is shown to be a useful methodology for assessing the current distribution of cryptic but expanding wildlife species, while also enabling estimations of future steps in their expansion. The approach proposed may help policy decision-makers seeking to ensure the conservation of expanding wildlife species, for example, by designing awareness campaigns in areas where the target species is expected to arrive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Díaz-Ruiz
- Conservation Biology Research Group, Departamento de Anatomía, Biología Celular y Zoología, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; Biogeography, Diversity, and Conservation Research Team, Dept. Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Esther Descalzo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Jauregui
- Instituto de Ciencias Forestales (ICIFOR), INIA-CSIC, Ctra. de La Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Soliño
- Institute of Marine Research-CSIC, Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, C/Eduardo Cabello 6, Vigo, 36208, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Ana Luz Márquez
- Biogeography, Diversity, and Conservation Research Team, Dept. Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Farfán
- Biogeography, Diversity, and Conservation Research Team, Dept. Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Raimundo Real
- Biogeography, Diversity, and Conservation Research Team, Dept. Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Pablo Ferreras
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Miguel Delibes-Mateos
- Instituto de Estudios Sociales Avanzados (IESA-CSIC), Campo Santo de los Mártires 7, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
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Assis CL, Valadão RM, Mendonça SHSTDE, Peçanha ELS, Costa HC, Novaes CM, Barros TFDE, Rodrigues LS, Gasparini JL, Feio RN. Extensive sampling and citizen science expand the distribution of the threatened freshwater turtle Ranacephala hogei (Mertens, 1967). AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20240484. [PMID: 39319838 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420240484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Ranacephala hogei is a South American freshwater turtle considered one of the 25 most endangered chelonian species in the world. Endemic to the Atlantic Forest hotspot of southeastern Brazil, the conservation status of R. hogei is subject to continuous assessment at various levels. However, the scarcity of data regarding this species, particularly its geographic range, challenges these evaluations. In an effort to address these gaps, we conducted a comprehensive long-term inventory using different methods to study this species. Our efforts resulted in a 144% increase in documented occurrence points, including a new hydrographic basin and protected areas. By combining historical and current records, we have observed the persistence of R. hogei in rural areas, even in locations where its extinction was previously predicted. Consequently, our data significantly contribute to supporting future conservation assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clodoaldo L Assis
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Valadão
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/ICMBio, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios/RAN, Rua 229, 95, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-090 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Sônia Helena S T DE Mendonça
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/ICMBio, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios/RAN, Rua 229, 95, Setor Leste Universitário, 74605-090 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Evódio Luis S Peçanha
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Henrique C Costa
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n, São Pedro, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Camila M Novaes
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago F DE Barros
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Ecologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-971 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Laio S Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - João Luiz Gasparini
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Av. Aluízio da Silva Gomes, 50, Bairro da Glória, 27930-560 Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renato N Feio
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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Mônico AT, Koch ED, Ferrão M, Fernandes IY, Marques GMG, Chaparro JC, Rodrigues MT, Lima AP, Fouquet A. The small and inconspicuous majority: Revealing the megadiversity and historical biogeography of the Pristimantis unistrigatus species group (Anura, Strabomantidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 201:108203. [PMID: 39303973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
With more than 600 recognized species, the genus Pristimantis is already the most diverse among vertebrates, but described species only represent a fraction of the actual diversity in this clade. This genus is widely distributed throughout the Neotropics and represents an interesting model for biogeographic studies because Pristimantis spp. are direct developing and generally have narrow ecological niches and low dispersal abilities. The P. unistrigatus species group is one of the most important components in the genus (ca. 200 recognized species) and has been supported by morphological but not by molecular evidence. We assessed the species boundaries and distribution in the P. unistrigatus species group and infer spatiotemporal patterns of diversification related to historical landscape changes in the Neotropics. We gathered three mitochondrial, and two nuclear DNA loci from 416 specimens throughout the range of the group, and including 68 nominal species. We redefine the group based on the obtained phylogeny and found 151 candidate species that composes it, with 83 of these remaining undescribed. We recovered 11 major clades within the group that diverged before 13 Ma. The diversification of the group started during the early Miocene most likely in northwestern South America, currently corresponding to western Amazonia and northern Andes. The other neotropical areas subsequently acted as sinks, receiving lineages mostly during the last 10 Ma, after the demise of the Pebas System and the setup of the modern Amazonian hydrographic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Tamanini Mônico
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia (Ecologia), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Esteban Diego Koch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Miquéias Ferrão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Igor Yuri Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia (Ecologia), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Giselle Moura Guimarães Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Juan Carlos Chaparro
- Museo de Biodiversidad del Perú, Cusco, Peru; Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Peru
| | - Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Albertina Pimentel Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia (Ecologia), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Antoine Fouquet
- Centre de Recherche sur la Biodiversité et l'Environnement, UMR 5300, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Tırnova İ, Alim A, Karataş C, Akbulut A, Demir B, Alper A, Kanmaz T. Complications of Laparoscopic and Open Donor Hepatectomy for Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Single Center Experience. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2024; 22:629-635. [PMID: 39254075 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2023.0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Donor hepatectomy is a major surgery with a relatively safeprofile anda reportedcomplication rate of ~20%. Most complications are non-life threatening and are resolved with conservative measures. However, rare complications may need invasive precautions, ranging from percutaneous interventions to surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed all living donor hepatectomies at our center. Donors were divided into 2 groups: laparoscopic and open procedures. We collected preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data of donors.Donor complications were recorded separately intraoperatively and postoperatively according to the Clavien-Dindo postoperative complication classification system. RESULTS Between July 2018 and April 2023, 215 living donors had hepatectomies, including 48 laparoscopic and 167 open donor hepatectomies. Among donors, 91 were female donors (42.3%) and 124 were male donors (57.7%).The meanage of alldonorswas 33.5±8.1 years, and the mean body mass index (in kilogram divided by meters squared) was 24.6 ± 3.8. Among donors, 124 underwent right and 91 underwent left or left lateral hepatectomies. The mean operative time for all donors was 301 ± 83 minutes, the mean hospital stay was 5.8 ± 1.4 days, and the mean follow-up was 31.9 ± 15.8 months. Four patients (1.8%) had intraoperative complications, including 2 cases of bleeding, 1 diaphragm perforation, and 1 portal vein stenosis. Fourteen patients (7.4%) had major postoperative complications, with 5 patients requiring surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS Donor hepatectomy is a complicated surgery that requires extensive preoperative preparation and appropriate donor selection. Postoperative donor complications can be diagnosed early with close follow-up, and a multidisciplinary approach is essential for complication management.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail Tırnova
- >From the Liver Transplantation Center, Koç University Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey; and the Department of General Surgery, Başkent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Ricci L, Di Musciano M, Sabatini FM, Chiarucci A, Zannini P, Gatti RC, Beierkuhnlein C, Walentowitz A, Lawrence A, Frattaroli AR, Hoffmann S. A multitaxonomic assessment of Natura 2000 effectiveness across European biogeographic regions. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2024; 38:e14212. [PMID: 37904665 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
The Natura 2000 (N2K) protected area (PA) network is a crucial tool to limit biodiversity loss in Europe. Despite covering 18% of the European Union's (EU) land area, its effectiveness at conserving biodiversity across taxa and biogeographic regions remains uncertain. Testing this effectiveness is, however, difficult because it requires considering the nonrandom location of PAs, and many possible confounding factors. We used propensity score matching and accounted for the confounding effects of biogeographic regions, terrain ruggedness, and land cover to assess the effectiveness of N2K PAs on the distribution of 1769 species of conservation priority in the EU's Birds and Habitats Directives, including mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, arthropods, fishes, mollusks, and vascular and nonvascular plants. We compared alpha, beta, and gamma diversity between matched selections of protected and unprotected areas across EU's biogeographic regions with generalized linear models, generalized mixed models, and nonparametric tests for paired samples, respectively, for each taxonomic group and for the entire set of species. PAs in N2K hosted significantly more priority species than unprotected land, but this difference was not consistent across biogeographic regions or taxa. Total alpha diversity and alpha diversity of amphibians, arthropods, birds, mammals, and vascular plants were significantly higher inside PAs than outside, except in the Boreal biogeographical region. Beta diversity was in general significantly higher inside N2K PAs than outside. Similarly, gamma diversity had the highest values inside PAs, with some exceptions in Boreal and Atlantic regions. The planned expansion of the N2K network, as dictated by the European Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, should therefore target areas in the southern part of the Boreal region where species diversity of amphibians, arthropods, birds, mammals, and vascular plants is high and species are currently underrepresented in N2K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Ricci
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Science, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Michele Di Musciano
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Science, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- BIOME Lab, BiGeA Department, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Sabatini
- BIOME Lab, BiGeA Department, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Alessandro Chiarucci
- BIOME Lab, BiGeA Department, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Zannini
- BIOME Lab, BiGeA Department, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Cazzolla Gatti
- BIOME Lab, BiGeA Department, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carl Beierkuhnlein
- Department of Biogeography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Geographical Institute of the University of Bayreuth, GIB, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Anna Walentowitz
- Department of Biogeography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Anna Rita Frattaroli
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Science, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Samuel Hoffmann
- Department of Biogeography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt, Augsburg, Germany
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Molina ÓS, Aranda AT, Chimes FG. The Biodiversity of Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Brazil: New Distribution Records and Updated Checklist. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:647-668. [PMID: 38656589 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-024-01144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Currently, according to the most recent Simuliidae World Inventory, there are 97 valid species of blackflies recorded in Brazil, some of which act as vectors for zoonoses such as human onchocerciasis and mansonellosis in the northern and central-western regions of the country. Meanwhile, other species can cause serious socioeconomic problems due to the nuisance of female bites. Therefore, accurate knowledge of their distribution is crucial for the development and implementation of successful preventive strategies. With this aim, this study reviewed and updated the geographical distribution of the blackfly fauna throughout the Brazilian states. The data were compiled from three main sources: geographic information of material deposited at the Simuliidae Collection of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (CSIOC-IOC), a comprehensive review of scientific literature, and online biodiversity databases. We present a total of 71 new distribution records of 38 different Simuliidae species for 24 Brazilian states. Neither of these sets of records has been included in the Simuliidae World Inventory. Consequently, an updated Brazilian Simuliidae checklist, comprising a total of 98 valid species, is presented, highlighting these new distribution records. We also discuss six dubious records for the country and the implications of this updated data for the Simuliidae species richness of Brazil, its states, and biomes. This information is essential for future studies in the taxonomy, systematics, and biogeography of this family in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Sánchez Molina
- Oswaldo Cruz Institute - IOC/Fiocruz, Integrated Laboratory of Blackflies, Onchocerciasis, Medical and Forensic Entomology, LSOEMF/IOC-Fiocruz), Blackfly Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute - CSIOC/Fiocruz, National Reference in Blackflies, Onchocerciasis, and Mansonellosis, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Arion Tulio Aranda
- Oswaldo Cruz Institute - IOC/Fiocruz, Integrated Laboratory of Blackflies, Onchocerciasis, Medical and Forensic Entomology, LSOEMF/IOC-Fiocruz), Blackfly Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute - CSIOC/Fiocruz, National Reference in Blackflies, Onchocerciasis, and Mansonellosis, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Gama Chimes
- Oswaldo Cruz Institute - IOC/Fiocruz, Integrated Laboratory of Blackflies, Onchocerciasis, Medical and Forensic Entomology, LSOEMF/IOC-Fiocruz), Blackfly Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute - CSIOC/Fiocruz, National Reference in Blackflies, Onchocerciasis, and Mansonellosis, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Kang P, Kim SJ, Park HJ, Kim IC, Han SJ, Yim JH. Optimization of Culture Medium for the Production of an Exopolysaccharide (p-CY02) with Cryoprotective Activity by Pseudoalteromonas sp. RosPo-2 from the Antarctic Sea. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1135-1145. [PMID: 38533592 PMCID: PMC11180913 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2402.02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
When cells are exposed to freezing temperatures, high concentrations of cryoprotective agents (CPA) prevent ice crystal formation, thus enhancing cell survival. However, high concentrations of CPAs can also cause cell toxicity. Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from polar marine environments exhibit lower toxicity and display effects similar to traditional CPA. In this study, we sought to address these issues by i) selecting strains that produce EPS with novel cryoprotective activity, and ii) optimizing culture conditions for EPS production. Sixty-six bacteria producing mucous substances were isolated from the Ross Sea (Antarctic Ocean) using solid marine agar plates. Among them, Pseudoalteromonas sp. RosPo-2 was ultimately selected based on the rheological properties of the produced EPS (p-CY02). Cryoprotective activity experiments demonstrated that p-CY02 exhibited significantly cryoprotective activity at a concentration of 0.8% (w/v) on mammalian cells (HaCaT). This activity was further improved when combined with various concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) compared to using DMSO alone. Moreover, the survival rate of HaCaT cells treated with 5% (v/v) DMSO and 0.8% (w/v) p-CY02 was measured at 87.9 ± 2.8% after freezing treatment. This suggests that p-CY02 may be developed as a more effective, less toxic, and novel non-permeating CPA. To enhance the production of EPS with cryoprotective activity, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was implemented, resulting in a 1.64-fold increase in production of EPS with cryoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilsung Kang
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Kim
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Ju Park
- CRYOTECH Inc., Busan 46744, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Chan Kim
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jong Han
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Han Yim
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
- CRYOTECH Inc., Busan 46744, Republic of Korea
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Carlson MC, Swedberg DA, Miernicki EA, Taylor CA. Variation in fine-scale water table depth drives abundance of a unique semi-terrestrial crayfish species. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17330. [PMID: 38799066 PMCID: PMC11128214 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
With anthropogenic changes altering the environment and the subsequent decline of natural habitats, it can be challenging to predict essential habitats for elusive and difficult to study taxa. Primary burrowing crayfish are one such group due to the complexity in sampling their semi-terrestrial, subterranean habitat. Sampling burrows usually requires a labor-intensive, time-consuming excavation or trapping process. However, limited information on burrowing crayfish suggests that fine-scale habitat variation may drive burrowing crayfish habitat choice. This project aimed to evaluate the fine-scale habitat characteristics that influence burrowing crayfish presence and abundance at a large, restored-remnant grassland preserve in north-central Illinois. We documented burrow abundance and quadrat-specific habitat variables such as root biomass, canopy cover, apparent seasonal high-water table (water table) depth and dominant vegetation at sites with and without burrowing crayfish populations. Data was recorded at every quadrat and analyzed using generalized linear mixed models. A total of 21 models were created to determine what habitat variables affected burrow presence and abundance. We found that the water table depth was a significant driver of burrow presence and abundance. Root biomass and vegetation cover were not significant drivers, although they did show up in the final models, explaining the data. These findings demonstrate empirical support for previous observations from other burrowing crayfish research and demonstrate the influence of fine-scale habitat when modeling elusive taxa requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly C. Carlson
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States of America
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States of America
| | - Dusty A. Swedberg
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Miernicki
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Taylor
- Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States of America
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Sousa LM, Correia LL, Alexandre RJR, Pena SA, Vieira TB. Conservation units alone are insufficient to protect Brazilian Amazonian chelonians. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10827. [PMID: 38734762 PMCID: PMC11088686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The creation of protected areas (PAs) is not always based on science; consequently, some aquatic species may not receive the same level of protection as terrestrial ones. The objective of this study was to identify priority areas for the conservation of chelonians in the Brazilian Amazon basin and assess the contribution of PAs, distinguishing between Full Protection Areas, Sustainable Use Areas, and Indigenous Lands for group protection. The entire species modeling procedure was carried out using Species Distribution Models. Location records were obtained from platforms such as SpeciesLink, GBIF, the Hydroatlas database, and WorldClim for bioclimatic variables adjusted with algorithms like Maximum Entropy, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Gaussian-Bayesian. Indigenous lands cover more than 50% of the distribution areas of chelonian species in the Brazilian Amazon. Protected areas with higher conservation importance (Full Protection Areas and Sustainable Use Areas) hold less than 15% of the combined species distribution. Researchers face significant challenges when making decisions with models, especially in conservation efforts involving diverse taxa that differ significantly from one another within a group of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loyriane Moura Sousa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa, No 01, Guamá, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Letícia Lima Correia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa, No 01, Guamá, 66075-110, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Ecologia, Faculdade Federal do Pará, Campus de Altamira, Rua Coronel José Porfirio, No 030, Altamira, PA, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela Jemely Rodrigues Alexandre
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa, No 01, Guamá, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Simone Almeida Pena
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa, No 01, Guamá, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bernardi Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa, No 01, Guamá, 66075-110, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa, No 01, Guamá, 66075-110, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia, Faculdade Federal do Pará, Campus de Altamira, Rua Coronel José Porfirio, No 030, Altamira, PA, Brazil
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10
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Wróbel A, Klichowska E, Nobis M. Hybrids as mirrors of the past: genomic footprints reveal spatio-temporal dynamics and extinction risk of alpine extremophytes in the mountains of Central Asia. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1369732. [PMID: 38693932 PMCID: PMC11061500 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1369732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Hybridization is one of the key processes shaping lineage diversification, particularly in regions that experienced strong climate oscillations. The alpine biome with its rich history of glacial-interglacial cycles and complex patterns of species distribution shifts offers an excellent system to investigate the impact of gene flow on population dynamics and speciation, important issues for evolutionary biology and biodiversity conservation. In this study, we combined genomic data (DArTseq), chloroplast markers, and morphology to examine phylogenetic relationships and the permeability of species boundaries and their evolutionary outcomes among the alpine extremophilic species of Puccinellia (Poaceae) in the Pamir Mountains, a part of the Mountains of Central Asia biodiversity hotspot. We determined the occurrence of interspecific hybrids between P. himalaica and P. pamirica, which demonstrated almost symmetric ancestry from their parental species and did not show signals of introgression. According to our integrative revision, the natural hybrids between P. himalaica and P. pamirica should be classified as Puccinellia ×vachanica (pro species). Using approximate Bayesian computation for population history inference, we uncovered that P. himalaica hybridized with P. pamirica independently in multiple localities over the Holocene. Hybrids inherited the fine-scale genetic structure from their parental species, which developed these patterns earlier, during the Late Pleistocene. Hybridization had different consequences for the involved parental lineages, likely playing an important role in a continuing decline of P. himalaica in the Pamir Mountains over the Holocene. Our results show that P. himalaica should be considered a critically endangered species in the Pamir Mountains and could also be retreating across its entire range of distribution in High Mountain Asia. Using a comparative phylogeographic framework, we revealed the risk of extinction of a cold-adapted alpine species in a global biodiversity hotspot. This study highlights that genomics could unravel diversity trends under climate change and provides valuable evidence for conservation management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wróbel
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Klichowska
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Nobis
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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11
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Oleynik HA, Bizzarro JJ, Hale EA, Carlisle AB. Environmental drivers of biogeography and community structure in a Mid-Atlantic estuary. Oecologia 2024; 204:543-557. [PMID: 38351269 PMCID: PMC10980636 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Estuaries include some of the most productive yet anthropogenically impacted marine ecosystems on the planet, and provide critical habitat to many ecologically and economically important marine species. In order to elucidate ecological function in estuaries, we must understand what factors drive community dynamics. Delaware Bay is the third largest estuary in the United States and hosts over 200 species of migrant and resident fishes and invertebrates. The Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife has conducted two long-term trawl surveys at monthly intervals in Delaware Bay since 1966. The two surveys collect data on environmental conditions, species composition, and number of fishes and macroinvertebrates across different size classes and life histories. Using a suite of multivariate approaches including hierarchical cluster analysis, canonical correlation analysis, and permutational multivariate analysis of variance, we characterized the fish and macroinvertebrate community in Delaware Bay and found that community composition and environmental conditions varied across spatial and seasonal scales. We identified four distinct biogeographic regions, based on environmental conditions and community composition, which were consistent across surveys. We found that the community was driven primarily by gradients in temperature and salinity and that abundant, frequently occurring species in the Bay have well-defined environmental associations. Our work represents the first attempt to use an existing historical survey to better understand how environmental parameters influence diversity and distribution of macrofauna within Delaware Bay, providing insight into how abiotic variables, influenced by climate, may impact the Delaware Bay ecosystem and similar estuarine ecosystems worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley A Oleynik
- School of Marine Science and Policy, College of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of Delaware, 700 Pilottown Road, Lewes, DE, 19958, USA.
| | - Joseph J Bizzarro
- Fisheries Collaborative Program, Cooperative Institute for Marine Ecosystems and Climate, University of California, Santa Cruz and Fisheries Ecology Division Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, 110 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Edward A Hale
- Delaware Sea Grant, School of Marine Science and Policy, College of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of Delaware, 700 Pilottown Road, Lewes, DE, 19958, USA
| | - Aaron B Carlisle
- School of Marine Science and Policy, College of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of Delaware, 700 Pilottown Road, Lewes, DE, 19958, USA
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12
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Guimarães Durán CL, Lansac-Tôha FM, Meira BR, Santana LO, Oliveira FR, Matos MHDO, Velho LFM. Upstream cascade reservoirs drive temporal beta diversity increases through species loss in a dammed river. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2024; 100:fiad165. [PMID: 38192043 PMCID: PMC10799717 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Changes in the biodiversity of aquatic environments over time and space due to human activities are a topic of theoretical and conservational interest in ecology. Thus, variation in taxonomic beta diversity of the planktonic ciliates community was investigated along a temporal and spatial gradient in two subsystems of a Neotropical floodplain, one impacted by dams (Paraná) and the other free of them along its course (Ivinhema). For the spatial analysis, the Paraná subsystem did not show a significant decrease in beta diversity, presenting a pattern like that observed for the Ivinhema subsystem. Therefore, biotic homogenization was not observed for the ciliate's community downstream of the dams. It was noted that there was a fluctuation in the relevance of the components of beta diversity, regardless of the subsystem analyzed. For the temporal analysis there was a significant change in species composition from the first to the last year investigated, essentially for the subsystem impacted by dams, and that this was determined mainly by species loss. Although spatial beta diversity remained high without a clear process of biotic homogenization, dams promoted remarkable changes in ciliate species composition over the years mainly by continuous loss of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Leite Guimarães Durán
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Department of Biology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900. Maringá, Parana State, Brazil
| | - Fernando Miranda Lansac-Tôha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Department of Biology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900. Maringá, Parana State, Brazil
| | - Bianca Ramos Meira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Department of Biology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900. Maringá, Parana State, Brazil
| | - Loiani Oliveira Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Department of Biology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900. Maringá, Parana State, Brazil
| | - Felipe Rafael Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Department of Biology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900. Maringá, Parana State, Brazil
| | - Matheus Henrique de Oliveira Matos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Department of Biology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900. Maringá, Parana State, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Machado Velho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais (PEA), Department of Biology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900. Maringá, Parana State, Brazil
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13
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Bisneto PF, Frazão L, Ceron K, Sachett J, Monteiro WM, Kaefer IL, Guedes TB. The challenge in detecting risk areas of snakebite when case rates are low: the case of Amazonian coral snakes. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20230565. [PMID: 38088733 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320230565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying risk areas for envenomation by animals is relevant for public health, such as strategic distribution of antivenoms. Coral snakes are highly diverse in the Amazon, inhabit natural and human-modified environments, and the outcome of the cases tends to be serious and potentially lethal due to their neurotoxic venom. By integrating species' geographical records and environmental variables, we used species distribution modeling to predict the distribution of coral snake species in the Brazilian Amazonia. We analyzed the relationship between the predicted distribution of coral snake species, along with envenomation data in the region, to propose actions to reduce the number of cases and to provide tools for a better policy of public health. We conclude that the entire Amazon shows high environmental suitability for coral snakes, and such suitability explains little about the incidence of cases. This is probably due to the low human density in the Amazon and to coral snake traits such as secretive habits and non-agressive behavior. Differently from other venomous snakes, the scenario regarding coral snakebites precludes the detection of prominent geographical areas of concern and demands a broad and equitable availability of health centers throughout Amazonia and along other areas of occurrence of the genus Micrurus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ferreira Bisneto
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio, Coroado I, 69067-005 Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Av. Pedro Teixeira, s/n, Dom Pedro, 69040-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Luciana Frazão
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Paço das Escolas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Karoline Ceron
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, 13083-872 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Sachett
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Av. Pedro Teixeira, s/n, Dom Pedro, 69040-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Av. Carvalho Leal, 1777, Cachoeirinha, 69065-001 Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Fundação Alfredo da Matta, Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Av. Codajás, 24, Cachoeirinha, 69065-130 Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Av. Pedro Teixeira, s/n, Dom Pedro, 69040-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Av. Pedro Teixeira, s/n, Dom Pedro, 69040-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Av. Carvalho Leal, 1777, Cachoeirinha, 69065-001 Manaus, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Diretoria de Ensino e Pesquisa, Av. Pedro Teixeira, s/n, Dom Pedro, 69040-000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Igor Luis Kaefer
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio, Coroado I, 69067-005 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Thaís B Guedes
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Bloco P1, Cidade Universitária, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
- University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Center and Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Box 461, SE-405-30, Göteborg, Sweden
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14
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Romero D, Maneyro R, Guerrero JC, Real R. Using fuzzy logic to compare species distribution models developed on the basis of expert knowledge and sampling records : Expert knowledge versus sampling in species distribution modelling. Front Zool 2023; 20:38. [PMID: 38062489 PMCID: PMC10702020 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-023-00515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experts use knowledge to infer the distribution of species based on fuzzy logical assumptions about the relationship between species and the environment. Thus, expert knowledge is amenable to fuzzy logic modelling, which give to propositions a continuous truth value between 0 and 1. In species distribution modelling, fuzzy logic may also be used to model, from a number of records, the degree to which conditions are favourable to the occurrence of a species. Therefore, fuzzy logic operations can be used to compare and combine models based on expert knowledge and species records. Here, we applied fuzzy logic modelling to the distribution of amphibians in Uruguay as inferred from expert knowledge and from observed records to infer favourable locations, with favourability being the commensurable unit for both kinds of data sources. We compared the results for threatened species, species considered by experts to be ubiquitous, and non-threatened, non-ubiquitous species. We calculated the fuzzy intersection of models based on both knowledge sources to obtain a unified prediction of favourable locations. RESULTS Models based on expert knowledge involved a larger number of variables and were less affected by sampling bias. Models based on experts had the same overprediction rate for the three types of species, whereas models based on species records had a lower prediction rate for ubiquitous species. Models based on expert knowledge performed equally as well or better than corresponding models based on species records for threatened species, even when they had to discriminate and classify the same set of records used to build the models based on species records. For threatened species, expert models predicted more restrictive favourable territories than those predicted based on records. Observed records generated the best-fitted models for non-threatened non-ubiquitous species, and ubiquitous species. CONCLUSIONS Fuzzy modelling permitted the objective comparison of the potential of expert knowledge and incomplete distribution records to infer the territories favourable for different species. Distribution of threatened species was able to be better explained by subjective expert knowledge, while for generalist species models based on observed data were more accurate. These results have implications for the correct use of expert knowledge in conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Romero
- Biogeography, Diversity, and Conservation Research Team, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Raúl Maneyro
- Laboratory of Systematics and Natural History of Vertebrates, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - José Carlos Guerrero
- Laboratory for Sustainable Development and Environmental Management, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Raimundo Real
- Biogeography, Diversity, and Conservation Research Team, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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15
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Eckert I, Brown A, Caron D, Riva F, Pollock LJ. 30×30 biodiversity gains rely on national coordination. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7113. [PMID: 37932316 PMCID: PMC10628259 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Global commitments to protect 30% of land by 2030 present an opportunity to combat the biodiversity crisis, but reducing extinction risk will depend on where countries expand protection. Here, we explore a range of 30×30 conservation scenarios that vary what dimension of biodiversity is prioritized (taxonomic groups, species-at-risk, biodiversity facets) and how protection is coordinated (transnational, national, or regional approaches) to test which decisions influence our ability to capture biodiversity in spatial planning. Using Canada as a model nation, we evaluate how well each scenario captures biodiversity using scalable indicators while accounting for climate change, data bias, and uncertainty. We find that only 15% of all terrestrial vertebrates, plants, and butterflies (representing only 6.6% of species-at-risk) are adequately represented in existing protected land. However, a nationally coordinated approach to 30×30 could protect 65% of all species representing 40% of all species-at-risk. How protection is coordinated has the largest impact, with regional approaches protecting up to 38% fewer species and 65% fewer species-at-risk, while the choice of biodiversity incurs much smaller trade-offs. These results demonstrate the potential of 30×30 while highlighting the critical importance of biodiversity-informed national strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Eckert
- Dept. of Biology, McGill University, H3A 1B1, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Quebec Center for Biodiversity Science, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Andrea Brown
- Dept. of Biology, McGill University, H3A 1B1, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Quebec Center for Biodiversity Science, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dominique Caron
- Dept. of Biology, McGill University, H3A 1B1, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Quebec Center for Biodiversity Science, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Federico Riva
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura J Pollock
- Dept. of Biology, McGill University, H3A 1B1, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Quebec Center for Biodiversity Science, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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16
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Schmidt C, Hoban S, Jetz W. Conservation macrogenetics: harnessing genetic data to meet conservation commitments. Trends Genet 2023; 39:816-829. [PMID: 37648576 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Genetic biodiversity is rapidly gaining attention in global conservation policy. However, for almost all species, conservation relevant, population-level genetic data are lacking, limiting the extent to which genetic diversity can be used for conservation policy and decision-making. Macrogenetics is an emerging discipline that explores the patterns and processes underlying population genetic composition at broad taxonomic and spatial scales by aggregating and reanalyzing thousands of published genetic datasets. Here we argue that focusing macrogenetic tools on conservation needs, or conservation macrogenetics, will enhance decision-making for conservation practice and fill key data gaps for global policy. Conservation macrogenetics provides an empirical basis for better understanding the complexity and resilience of biological systems and, thus, how anthropogenic drivers and policy decisions affect biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Schmidt
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Sean Hoban
- The Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, USA
| | - Walter Jetz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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17
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Bagley JC, Johnson CC, McGregor SW, Breitman MF, Armbruster JW, Harris PM, Oneil PE. Marine and freshwater fishes of Alabama: a revised checklist and discussion of taxonomic issues. Zootaxa 2023; 5357:301-341. [PMID: 38220642 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5357.3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Checklists are fundamental and important tools for organizing information about biodiversity that provide a basis for conservation and additional scientific research. While Alabama is recognized as an aquatic biodiversity hotspot with the highest native freshwater fish diversity in the contiguous United States, we currently lack an up-to-date list of the states fishes. In particular, much has changed over the past ~20 years regarding our knowledge of fishes from Alabama and the Mobile River Basin, rendering past comprehensive treatments by Mettee et al. (1996) and Boschung and Mayden (2004) out of date. Here, we provide a revised checklist of marine and freshwater fishes known from the coastal and inland waters of Alabama that includes 463 species (335 primarily freshwater fishes, and 128 marine or diadromous fishes) in 35 orders, 78 families, and 176 genera. Extant, extirpated, and extinct species are included, as are putative candidate species. The checklist is based on prior work, searches of the literature and online sources, as well as parsing a large compilation of >140,000 fish records for Alabama and the Mobile River Basin from 37 data providers in the global Fishnet2 database (www.fishnet2.net) and >4000 marine survey records from the SEAMAP database (https://www.gsmfc.org/seamap.php). After editing and quality control checks, the final combined database contained 144,215 collection records, ~95% of which were georeferenced. We discuss the species descriptions, nomenclatural changes, and updates to marine species that account for changes to the state list, and we close with a discussion of ~13 candidate species forms that remain undescribed, which represent outstanding taxonomic issues in need of further research attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Bagley
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science; Auburn University at Montgomery; 301 Goodwyn Hall; Montgomery; AL 36124; USA; Department of Biology; Virginia Commonwealth University; 1000 W Cary St.; Suite 126; Richmond; VA 23284; USA; Field Operations Division; Alabama Department of Environmental Management; P.O. Box 301463; Montgomery; AL 36130; USA.
| | - Cal C Johnson
- Decatur Field Office; Alabama Department of Environmental Management; 2715 Sandlin Rd SW; Decatur; AL 35603; USA.
| | - Stuart W McGregor
- Geological Survey of Alabama; Walter B. Jones Hall; 420 Hackberry Lane; Tuscaloosa; AL 35487; USA.
| | - Maria F Breitman
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science; Auburn University at Montgomery; 301 Goodwyn Hall; Montgomery; AL 36124; USA.
| | - Jonathan W Armbruster
- Department of Biological Sciences; Auburn University; 120 W Samford Ave; Auburn; AL 36849; USA.
| | - Phillip M Harris
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, 1325 Hackberry Ln, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA.
| | - Patrick E Oneil
- Geological Survey of Alabama, Walter B. Jones Hall, 420 Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
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18
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Parreira MR, Nabout JC. Hydropower Plants as Dispersal Barriers in Freshwater Species Distribution Models: Using Restrictions through Asymmetrical Dispersal Predictors. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 72:424-436. [PMID: 37014399 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-023-01812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydropower plants represent one of the greatest threats for freshwater fish by fragmenting the habitat and avoiding the species dispersal. This type of dispersal barrier is often disregarded when predicting freshwater species distribution due to the complexity in inserting the species dispersal routes, and thus the barriers, into the models. Here, we evaluate the impact of including hydroelectric dams into species distribution models through asymmetrical dispersal predictors on the predicted geographic distribution of freshwater fish species. For this, we used asymmetrical dispersal (i.e., AEM) as predictors for modeling the distribution of 29 native fish species of Tocantins-Araguaia River basin. After that, we included the hydropower power plant (HPP) location into the asymmetrical binary matrix for the AEM construction by removing the connections where the HPP is located, representing the downstream disconnection a dam causes in the fish species dispersal route. Besides having higher predicted accuracy, the models using the HPP information generated more realistic predictions, avoiding overpredictions to areas suitable but limited to the species dispersal due to an anthropic barrier. Furthermore, the predictions including HPPs showed higher loss of species richness and nestedness (i.e., loss of species instead of replacement), especially for the southeastern area which concentrates most planned and built HPPs. Therefore, using dispersal constraints in species distribution models increases the reliability of the predictions by avoiding overpredictions based on premise of complete access by the species to any area that is climatically suitable regardless of dispersal barriers or capacity. In conclusion, in this study, we use a novel method of including dispersal constraints into distribution models through a priori insertion of their location within the asymmetrical dispersal predictors, avoiding a posteriori adjustment of the predicted distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micael Rosa Parreira
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.
| | - João Carlos Nabout
- Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Central, Anápolis, GO, 75132-903, Brazil
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19
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Carrijo TF, Castro D, Wang M, Constantini JP, Bourguignon T, Cancello EM, Roisin Y, Scheffrahn RH. Diminishing the taxonomic gap in the neotropical soldierless termites: descriptions of four new genera and a new Anoplotermes species (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitinae). Zookeys 2023; 1167:317-352. [PMID: 37397162 PMCID: PMC10311428 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1167.100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The neotropical Apicotermitinae is a common and widespread clade of mostly soil-feeding soldierless termites. With few exceptions, species of this group were originally assigned to the genus Anoplotermes Müller, 1873. The application of internal worker morphology coupled with genetic sequencing has recently shed light on the true diversity of this subfamily. Herein, Anoplotermessusanae Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, sp. nov. and four new species in four new genera are described: Hirsutitermeskanzakii Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, gen. nov. et sp. nov., Krecekitermesdaironi Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, gen. nov. et sp. nov., Mangolditermescurveileum Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, gen. nov. et sp. nov., and Ourissotermesgiblinorum Scheffrahn, Carrijo & Castro, gen. nov. et sp. nov. Worker descriptions are based mainly on worker gut morphology, including the enteric valve, while imagoes were described based on external characters. A Bayesian phylogenetic tree of New World Apicotermitinae was constructed using the complete mitogenome to infer genera relationships and corroborate the taxonomic decisions. Distribution maps and a dichotomic key to the known Neotropical Apicotermitinae genera are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. Carrijo
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Sta. Terezinha, 09210-580, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Castro
- Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas SINCHI, Avenida Vásquez Cobo Calles 15 y 16, Leticia,
| | | | - Joice P. Constantini
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Thomas Bourguignon
- , Colombia
- Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Cx. Postal 42391, CEP 04218–970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliana M. Cancello
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Yves Roisin
- Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf H. Scheffrahn
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Rais M, Nawaz MA, Gray RJ, Qadir W, Ali SM, Saeed M, Akram A, Ahmed W, Sajjad A, Leston L. Niche suitability and spatial distribution patterns of anurans in a unique Ecoregion mosaic of Northern Pakistan. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285867. [PMID: 37319174 PMCID: PMC10270595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of information regarding biodiversity status hampers designing and implementing conservation strategies and achieving future targets. Northern Pakistan consists of a unique ecoregion mosaic which supports a myriad of environmental niches for anuran diversity in comparison to the deserts and xeric shrublands throughout the rest of the country. In order to study the niche suitability, species overlap and distribution patterns in Pakistan, we collected observational data for nine anuran species across several distinct ecoregions by surveying 87 randomly selected locations from 2016 to 2018 in Rawalpindi District and Islamabad Capital Territory. Our model showed that the precipitation of the warmest and coldest quarter, distance to rivers and vegetation were the greatest drivers of anuran distribution, expectedly indicating that the presence of humid forests and proximity to waterways greatly influences the habitable range of anurans in Pakistan. Sympatric overlap between species occurred at significantly higher density in tropical and subtropical coniferous forests than in other ecoregion types. We found species such as Minervarya spp., Hoplobatrachus tigerinus and Euphlyctis spp. preferred the lowlands in proximal, central and southern parts of the study area proximal to urban settlements, with little vegetation and higher average temperatures. Duttaphrynus bengalensis and D. stomaticus had scattered distributions throughout the study area with no clear preference for elevation. Sphaerotheca pashchima was patchily distributed in the midwestern extent of the study area as well as the foothills to the north. Microhyla nilphamariensis was widely distributed throughout the study area with a preference for both lowlands and montane terrain. Endemic frogs (Nanorana vicina and Allopaa hazarensis) were observed only in locations with higher elevations, higher density of streams and lower average temperatures as compared to the other seven species sampled. It is recommended to provide legal protection to amphibians of Pakistan, especially endemic species, through revision in the existing wildlife laws. We suggest studying the effectiveness of existing amphibian tunnels and corridors or designing new ones tailored to the needs of our species to prevent their local extinction due to ongoing or proposed urban development which might affect their dispersal and colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rais
- Department of Zoology, Herpetology Lab, Wildlife and Fisheries, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Nawaz
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Science Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Doha, Qatar
| | - Russell J. Gray
- Science Advisor, Save Vietnam’s Wildlife, Ninh Bình, Vietnam
| | - Waqas Qadir
- Assistant Education Officer, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Maria Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Research & Planning Wildlife, Islamabad Wildlife Management Board (IWMB), Ministry of Climate Change, Islamabad, Islamabad
| | - Ayesha Akram
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Anum Sajjad
- Occupational Health Safety and Environment, North West General Hospital and Research Centre, Hayatabad, Peshawar
| | - Lionel Leston
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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21
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Cheng L, Zhou L, Yu C, Wei Z, Li C. Nest habitat distribution and spatio-temporal dynamics based on multi-scale modeling: Implications for the endangered Oriental Storks (Ciconia boyciana) conservation in China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
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22
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Belhaj A, Pallarés S, Bennas N, Chergui B, Sánchez-Fernández D. Towards the identification of hotspots of freshwater biodiversity in North-Western Africa: A case study using species distribution models for water beetles in Morocco. Glob Ecol Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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23
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Gianguzzi V, Barone G, Di Gristina E, Sottile F, Domina G. Micropropagation of Endemic Endangered Taxa of the Italian Flora: Adenostyles alpina subsp. macrocephala (Asteraceae), as a Case Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1530. [PMID: 37050156 PMCID: PMC10097119 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The conservation of endangered, rare, and endemic plant species is based on in situ and ex situ conservation strategies. When in situ conservation alone is not sufficient to guarantee the survival of the species, ex situ techniques are adopted in support. This study aimed to develop an efficient micropropagation protocol for Adenostyles by evaluating the effect of different plant growth regulators on leaf explants. Adenostyles alpina subsp. macrocephala (Asterace) is a perennial herbaceous plant endemic to Calabria (Southern Italy). The genus Adenostyles includes three species confined to the mountains of the Mediterranean and southern Europe. For callus induction, media supplemented with different concentrations of Benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mg L-1), Naphthaleneacetic Acid (NAA) (1 mg L-1), and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) (1 mg L-1) were tested. Shoot regeneration and proliferation were obtained in media supplemented with BAP (1, 2, and 3 mg L-1) and NAA (1 mg L-1). Root induction was obtained in media supplemented with IBA (0.25, 0.50, and 1 mg L-1) and NAA (0.25, 0.50, and 1 mg L-1). Statistically significant differences in callus induction and shoot regeneration were observed between the various media tested. The medium containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) supplemented with 3 mg L-1 of BAP and 1 mg L-1 of NAA showed the highest percentage of callus induction and increased shoot regeneration. The regenerated shoots showed more effective root induction in the hormone-free MS medium and in the presence of Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) at concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, and 1 mg L-1. These results can be used as a basis for the preparation of a micropropagation protocol for different taxa of Adenostyles, as well as other species of Asteraceae specialized to the Mediterranean mountain habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Gianguzzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, bldg. 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.G.); (G.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Giulio Barone
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, bldg. 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.G.); (G.B.); (G.D.)
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61 (c/o palazzo Steri), I-90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Emilio Di Gristina
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, bldg. 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.G.); (G.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Francesco Sottile
- Department of Architecture, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, bldg. 14, I-90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Gianniantonio Domina
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, bldg. 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy; (V.G.); (G.B.); (G.D.)
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61 (c/o palazzo Steri), I-90133 Palermo, Italy
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Schleimer A, Frantz AC, Richart L, Mehnert J, Semiadi G, Rode‐Margono J, Mittelbronn M, Young S, Drygala F. Conservation prioritisation through genomic reconstruction of demographic histories applied to two endangered suids in the Malay Archipelago. DIVERS DISTRIB 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schleimer
- Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle Luxembourg Luxembourg
| | | | - Lorraine Richart
- National Center of Pathology (NCP) Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS) Dudelange Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP) Dudelange Luxembourg
- Department of Oncology (DONC) Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH) Luxembourg Luxembourg
- Doctoral School in Science and Engineering (DSSE) 25 University of Luxembourg (UL) Esch‐sur‐Alzette Luxembourg
| | - Jörg Mehnert
- Association for Nature and Biodiversity (ANB) Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Gono Semiadi
- Research Centre for Applied Zoology National Research and Innovation Agency Cibinong Indonesia
| | | | - Michel Mittelbronn
- National Center of Pathology (NCP) Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS) Dudelange Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Center of Neuropathology (LCNP) Dudelange Luxembourg
- Department of Oncology (DONC) Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH) Luxembourg Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine University of Luxembourg Esch‐sur‐Alzette Luxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM) University of Luxembourg Esch‐sur‐Alzette Luxembourg
| | - Stuart Young
- The North of England Zoological Society/Chester Zoo Upton‐by‐Chester Chester UK
| | - Frank Drygala
- Musée National d'Histoire Naturelle Luxembourg Luxembourg
- Association for Nature and Biodiversity (ANB) Frankfurt am Main Germany
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Skobel N, Borovyk D, Vynokurov D, Moysiyenko I, Babytskiy A, Bednarska I, Bezsmertna O, Chusova O, Dayneko P, Dengler J, Guarino R, Kalashnik K, Khodosovtsev A, Kolomiychuk V, Kucher O, Kuzemko A, Shapoval V, Umanets O, Zagorodniuk N, Zakharova M, Dembicz I. Biodiversity surveys of grassland and coastal habitats in 2021 as a documentation of pre-war status in southern Ukraine. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e99605. [PMID: 38327326 PMCID: PMC10848634 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e99605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This paper presents two sampling-event datasets with occurrences of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens collected in May-June 2021 in southern Ukraine. We aimed to collect high-quality biodiversity data in an understudied region and contribute it to international databases and networks. The study was carried out during the 15th Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) Field Workshop in southern Ukraine and the Dark Diversity Network (DarkDivNet) sampling in the Kamianska Sich National Nature Park. By chance, these datasets were collected shortly before the major escalation of the Russian invasion in Ukraine. Surveyed areas in Kherson and Mykolaiv Regions, including established monitoring plots, were severely affected by military actions in 2022. Therefore, collected data are of significant value in the context of biodiversity documentation. The knowledge about the biodiversity of this area will help to assess the environmental impact of the war and plan restoration of the damaged or destroyed habitats. The first preliminary analysis of collected data demonstrates the biodiversity richness and conservation value of studied grassland habitats. New information We provide sampling-event datasets with 7467 occurrences, which represent 708 taxa (vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens) collected in 275 vegetation relevés. Amongst them, vascular plants are represented by 6665 occurrences (610 taxa), lichens - 420 (46) and bryophytes - 381 (51). Several new species were reported for the first time at the national or regional level. In particular, one vascular plant species (Torilispseudonodosa) and two lichen species (Cladoniaconista, Endocarponloscosii) were new to Ukraine. One vascular plant (Stipatirsa), two species of bryophytes (Rhynchostegiummegapolitanum, Ptychostomumtorquescens) and three species of lichens (Cladoniacervicornis, C.symphycarpa, Involucropyreniumbreussi) were recorded for the first time for the Kherson Region. Additionally, these datasets contain occurrences of taxa with narrow distribution, specialists of rare habitat types and, therefore, represented by a low number of occurrences in relevant biodiversity databases and particularly in GBIF. This publication highlights the diversity of natural vegetation and its flora in southern Ukraine and raises conservation concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiia Skobel
- Kherson State University, Kherson, UkraineKherson State UniversityKhersonUkraine
- University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandUniversity of WarsawWarsawPoland
| | - Dariia Borovyk
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineM.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of UkraineKyivUkraine
- Masaryk University, Brno, Czech RepublicMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Denys Vynokurov
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineM.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of UkraineKyivUkraine
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, SpainUniversity of the Basque Country UPV/EHUBilbaoSpain
| | - Ivan Moysiyenko
- Kherson State University, Kherson, UkraineKherson State UniversityKhersonUkraine
| | - Andriy Babytskiy
- I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineI.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of UkraineKyivUkraine
| | - Iryna Bednarska
- Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of Ukraine, Lviv, UkraineInstitute of Ecology of the Carpathians, NAS of UkraineLvivUkraine
| | - Olesia Bezsmertna
- Educational and scientific center “Institute of biology and medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UkraineEducational and scientific center “Institute of biology and medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of KyivKyivUkraine
| | - Olha Chusova
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineM.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of UkraineKyivUkraine
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, SwitzerlandZurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW)WädenswilSwitzerland
| | - Polina Dayneko
- Kherson State University, Kherson, UkraineKherson State UniversityKhersonUkraine
- Insitute of Botany of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, SlovakiaInsitute of Botany of Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia
| | - Jürgen Dengler
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, SwitzerlandZurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW)WädenswilSwitzerland
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), Bayreuth, GermanyBayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER)BayreuthGermany
| | - Riccardo Guarino
- University of Palermo, Palermo, ItalyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Kateryna Kalashnik
- Institute of Marine Biology of the NAS of Ukraine, Odesa, UkraineInstitute of Marine Biology of the NAS of UkraineOdesaUkraine
| | | | - Vitalii Kolomiychuk
- O.V. Fomin Botanical Garden Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UkraineO.V. Fomin Botanical Garden Taras Shevchenko National University of KyivKyivUkraine
| | - Oksana Kucher
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineM.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of UkraineKyivUkraine
| | - Anna Kuzemko
- M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, UkraineM.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, NAS of UkraineKyivUkraine
| | - Viktor Shapoval
- Falz-Fein Biosphere Reserve "Askania-Nova" NAAS of Ukraine, Askania-Nova, UkraineFalz-Fein Biosphere Reserve "Askania-Nova" NAAS of UkraineAskania-NovaUkraine
| | - Olha Umanets
- Black Sea Biosphere Reserve, NAS of Ukraine, Hola Prystan, UkraineBlack Sea Biosphere Reserve, NAS of UkraineHola PrystanUkraine
| | - Natalia Zagorodniuk
- Kherson State University, Kherson, UkraineKherson State UniversityKhersonUkraine
| | - Maryna Zakharova
- Kherson State University, Kherson, UkraineKherson State UniversityKhersonUkraine
| | - Iwona Dembicz
- University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandUniversity of WarsawWarsawPoland
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Using Botanical Gardens as Butterfly Gardens: Insights from a Pilot Project in the Gran Sasso and Monti Della Laga National Park (Italy). CONSERVATION 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/conservation3010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Butterfly gardens are green spaces designed as places where butterflies can feed, mate, and rest. Here, we present some perspectives on the possible use of botanical gardens in natural areas as butterfly gardens to promote insect conservation through science dissemination and citizen science activities. We explored this possibility with a project developed in the Botanical Garden of the Gran Sasso and Monti della Laga National Park (Italy). We found an extremely high butterfly richness as a result of favorable conditions which can be common in botanical gardens. To promote awareness of insect conservation in the general public and citizen science activities, we have installed within the garden several posters illustrating the butterfly fauna of the park, the species that visitors can easily observe, and the importance of butterfly conservation. Using this case study, we provided reflections and guidelines for the realization and management of butterfly gardens in already existing botanical gardens, especially in natural areas. The realization of butterfly gardens in protected areas to promote awareness of insect conservation, as well as to perform scientific research (namely insect monitoring), may help to ensure that insects will exert a pivotal role in expanding the global network of protected areas under the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.
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Bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) and bat flies (Diptera, Streblidae) from the Cazumbá-Iracema and Chico Mendes Reserve, Western Brazilian Amazon. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:451-459. [PMID: 36472713 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bats belong to the order Chiroptera and are composed of 18 families, 202 genera, and 1420 species. Cosmopolitans, they have a high diversity of trophic and behavioral guilds, several ecosystem services, and intraspecific associations with ectoparasites. In Brazil, 68 species of Streblidae have already been recorded, although knowledge about the bat fauna and their ectoparasites is still low. Thus, the objective was to present a list of bat species, and to relate parasites with hosts, for two extractive reserves in the state of Acre, western Brazilian Amazon. The collections took place in ten nights, five in each RESEX, both carried out in August 2019. At each point, 10 mist nets (9 m × 2.5 m) were used, remaining open for 6 h. The captured bats were stored in cotton bags and had their data collected. Subsequently, the search for ectoparasites was carried out throughout the individual's body and extracted with brushes moistened with 96% ethyl alcohol and fine-tipped tweezers. Species of flies were identified to the lowest taxonomic level through specific bibliography. Thirty-three bats from six trophic guilds and 46 ectoparasitic dipterans were sampled, all from the Streblidae family. The most abundant bat family was Phyllostomidae, a recurring result in several studies carried out in the neotropical region. This is related to the selectivity of the mist net in bat sampling, in addition to a close correlation between Phyllostomidae bats and ectoparasitic flies of the Streblidae family.
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28
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Kont R, Leivits M, Lõhmus A. Breaking out from a restricted range: alternative habitat models to assess population perspectives. J Nat Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Galante PJ, Chang Triguero S, Paz A, Aiello‐Lammens M, Gerstner BE, Johnson BA, Kass JM, Merow C, Noguera‐Urbano EA, Pinilla‐Buitrago GE, Blair ME. changeRangeR
: An R package for reproducible biodiversity change metrics from species distribution estimates. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Galante
- Center for Biodiversity and Conservation American Museum of Natural History New York New York USA
| | - Samuel Chang Triguero
- Department of Environmental Studies and Science Pace University Pleasantville New York USA
| | - Andrea Paz
- Biology Department City College of New York, City University of New York New York New York USA
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York USA
- Department of Environmental Systems Science Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Matthew Aiello‐Lammens
- Department of Environmental Studies and Science Pace University Pleasantville New York USA
| | - Beth E. Gerstner
- Department of Fisheries & Wildlife and Ecology Evolution & Behavior Program, Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
| | - Bethany A. Johnson
- Biology Department City College of New York, City University of New York New York New York USA
| | - Jamie M. Kass
- Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Okinawa Japan
| | - Cory Merow
- Eversource Energy Center University of Connecticut Storrs Connecticut USA
| | | | - Gonzalo E. Pinilla‐Buitrago
- Biology Department City College of New York, City University of New York New York New York USA
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York USA
| | - Mary E. Blair
- Center for Biodiversity and Conservation American Museum of Natural History New York New York USA
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Dillon EM, Pier JQ, Smith JA, Raja NB, Dimitrijević D, Austin EL, Cybulski JD, De Entrambasaguas J, Durham SR, Grether CM, Haldar HS, Kocáková K, Lin CH, Mazzini I, Mychajliw AM, Ollendorf AL, Pimiento C, Regalado Fernández OR, Smith IE, Dietl GP. What is conservation paleobiology? Tracking 20 years of research and development. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1031483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conservation paleobiology has coalesced over the last two decades since its formal coining, united by the goal of applying geohistorical records to inform the conservation, management, and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Yet, the field is still attempting to form an identity distinct from its academic roots. Here, we ask a deceptively simple question: What is conservation paleobiology? To track its development as a field, we synthesize complementary perspectives from a survey of the scientific community that is familiar with conservation paleobiology and a systematic literature review of publications that use the term. We present an overview of conservation paleobiology’s research scope and compare survey participants’ perceptions of what it is and what it should be as a field. We find that conservation paleobiologists use a variety of geohistorical data in their work, although research is typified by near-time records of marine molluscs and terrestrial mammals collected over local to regional spatial scales. Our results also confirm the field’s broad disciplinary basis: survey participants indicated that conservation paleobiology can incorporate information from a wide range of disciplines spanning conservation biology, ecology, historical ecology, paleontology, and archaeology. Finally, we show that conservation paleobiologists have yet to reach a consensus on how applied the field should be in practice. The survey revealed that many participants thought the field should be more applied but that most do not currently engage with conservation practice. Reflecting on how conservation paleobiology has developed over the last two decades, we discuss opportunities to promote community cohesion, strengthen collaborations within conservation science, and align training priorities with the field’s identity as it continues to crystallize.
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Silva AC, Souza AF. Spatial structure of the Caatinga woody flora: abundance patterns have environmental, Pleistocene, and indigenous drivers. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20211019. [PMID: 36477232 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220211019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite growing knowledge on the distribution and functioning of dryland vegetation types, their internal biodiversity structure (i.e., subregions) is much less studied. In the delineation of subregions, the use of species occurrence or abundance data may reveal different aspects of metacommunity structure. We revisit the issue of the bioregionalization of the woody flora of the Caatinga, the largest block of the dry forest and woodland biome in Latin America, using abundance data. We also evaluated the drivers of the spatial distribution of plant subregions: historical, current environmental and human effects. Using a K-means partition on interpolated NMDS axes, we identified 10 abundance subregions. Aridity, topography and soil, biome stability since the Pleistocene, and historical indigenous effects were retained by a Multinomial Logistic regression model, and their combined fractions explained most of the abundance variability in subregions. The subregions we present may support spatialized conservation and management decisions in the lack of detailed local data. The present results confirm the Caatinga woody flora broad composition patterns uncovered using presence-absence data in previous studies. Additionally, we found larger subregions than those identified with presence and absence data, suggesting the existence of oligarchies of dominant species in distinct parts of the Caatinga biome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto C Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Departamento de Ecologia, CB, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Caixa Postal 1524, 59078-900 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Alexandre F Souza
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Departamento de Ecologia, CB, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Caixa Postal 1524, 59078-900 Natal, RN, Brazil
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Dramani R, Gouwakinnou GN, Houdanon RD, De Kesel A, Minter D, Yorou NS. Ecological niche modelling of Cantharellus species in Benin, and revision of their conservation status. FUNGAL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2022.101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Pollet M, Andrade R, Gonçalves A, Álvarez Fidalgo P, Camaño Portela JL, Belin F, Mortelmans J, Stark A. Discovery of a Lineage of Soil-Dwelling Medetera Species with Multi-Coloured Eyes in Southern Europe (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). INSECTS 2022; 13:1012. [PMID: 36354836 PMCID: PMC9699082 DOI: 10.3390/insects13111012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Seven species in the genus Medetera (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) are described here: Medetera aglaops sp. nov., Medetera corsicana sp. nov., Medetera gibbosipyga sp. nov., Medetera hispanica sp. nov., Medetera lusitana sp. nov., Medetera parva sp. nov., and Medetera rectipyga sp. nov. They all originate from the wider Mediterranean region in southwestern Europe (Iberian Peninsula, southern France, Corsica, Sardinia). The most striking feature in most of the species is the bi- or multicolour pattern of the eyes, most conspicuous in Medetera aglaops sp. nov. and Medetera lusitana sp. nov. This character is shared by the male and female sex and is thus not regarded as Male Secondary Sexual Character. All species belong to the Medetera apicalis species group sensu Bickel and are closely related based on shared characters in the hypandrium and cercus. Interestingly, three species with and four species without the basal pair of anterodorsal and posterodorsal bristles on the mid tibia are represented. This suggests that this diagnostic character has less phylogenetic relevance than previously anticipated. Unlike most Palaearctic Medetera, at least five of the new species are mostly found on rocky substrates in dry biotopes with a sclerophyllous vegetation. This further supports their relationship with species of the Medetera muralis subclade sensu Pollet, Germann and Bernasconi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Pollet
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Operational Directory Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Entomology, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rui Andrade
- Independent Researcher, 4050-145 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Gonçalves
- Graduate Program in Entomology, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia—INPA, Manaus CEP 69067-375, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Stark
- Zentralmagazin Naturwissenschaftlicher Sammlungen, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06108 Halle, Germany
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute (SDEI) Müncheberg, D-15374 Müncheberg, Germany
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Herzog SA, Latvis M. Community-level phylogenetic diversity does not differ between rare and common lineages across tallgrass prairies in the northern Great Plains. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9453. [PMID: 36340814 PMCID: PMC9627050 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Niche differentiation has served as one explanation for species coexistence, and phylogenetic relatedness provides a means to approximate how ecologically similar species are to each other. To explore the contribution of rare species to community phylogenetic diversity, we sampled 21 plant communities across the Prairie Coteau ecoregion, an area of high conservation concern. We used breakpoint analysis through the iterative addition of less abundant species to the phylogenetic tree for each community to assess the contribution of rare species to community phylogenetic diversity. We also quantify the phylogenetic signal of abundance using Blomberg's K statistic and calculated the phylogenetic similarity between rare and common species using a phylogenetic beta-diversity metric (D nn). To estimate the phylogenetic structuring of these prairie communities, we calculated two common metrics that capture evolutionary relatedness at different scales (MPD and MNTD). Additionally, we examine the correlation between Faith's PD, MPD, and MNTD and species richness. We found rare species do not generally contribute higher levels of phylogenetic diversity than common species. Eight communities had significant breakpoints, with only four communities having an increasing trend for the rarest species. The phylogenetic signal for abundance was low but significant in only four communities, and communities had lower phylogenetic diversity than expected from the regional species pool. Finally, the strength of the correlation between species richness and phylogenetic diversity was mixed. Our results indicate niche differentiation does not explain the persistence of rare species in tallgrass prairies, as they were more closely related than expected from random, suggesting high functional redundancy between rare and common species. This is promising for the long-term resilience of this ecosystem, but only insofar as enough species remain in the system. With ongoing biodiversity loss, it is essential that we understand the role rare species play in their communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Herzog
- Department of Natural Resource ManagementSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSouth DakotaUSA
- C.A. Taylor HerbariumSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSouth DakotaUSA
- Division of BiologyKansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA
| | - Maribeth Latvis
- Department of Natural Resource ManagementSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSouth DakotaUSA
- C.A. Taylor HerbariumSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSouth DakotaUSA
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de Toledo Moroti M, Severgnini MR, Bolovon JP, Toledo LF, Muscat E. Filling the knowledge gaps of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira (Anura: Leptodactylidae): tadpole, acoustic repertoire, and life history traits. J NAT HIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2119177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus de Toledo Moroti
- Projeto Dacnis, São Francisco Xavier and Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rafael Severgnini
- Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Bolovon
- Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Felipe Toledo
- Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edelcio Muscat
- Projeto Dacnis, São Francisco Xavier and Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bellard C, Benítez‐López A, Razgour O, Santini L, Zhan A. Recent developments in
Diversity and Distributions
and trends in the field. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Bellard
- Université Paris‐Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution Orsay France
| | - Ana Benítez‐López
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences University of Granada Granada Spain
| | | | - Luca Santini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin” Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Aibin Zhan
- Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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37
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To be or not to be: the role of absences in niche modelling for highly mobile species in dynamic marine environments. Ecol Modell 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Buckner MA, Danforth BN. Climate-driven range shifts of a rare specialist bee, Macropis nuda (Melittidae), and its host plant, Lysimachia ciliata (Primulaceae). Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ali MA, Iqbal MS, Ahmad KS, Akbar M, Mehmood A, Hussain SA, Arshad N, Munir S, Masood H, Ahmad T, Kaloi GM, Islam M. Plant species diversity assessment and monitoring in catchment areas of River Chenab, Punjab, Pakistan. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272654. [PMID: 35960769 PMCID: PMC9374230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biodiversity data is crucial for sustainable development and making decisions regarding natural resources and its conservation. The study goal was to use quantitative ecological approaches to determine the species richness and diversity of wild flora and the ultimate impact of environmental factors on vegetation dynamics. Methods Quadrats having sizes of 1×1 for herbs, 5×5 for shrubs, and 10×10 m2 for trees were used. Various phytosociological characteristics were investigated in association with a wide variety of environmental variables. Soil analysis based on texture, moisture, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), available potassium (K), and phosphorus (P) were examined. The existing state of vegetation along the River Chenab was assessed using SWOT analysis and a future conservation strategy was devised. Results One hundred twenty different plant speies were divided into 51 families including 92 dicots, 17 monocots, 6 pteridophytes and 1 bryophyte species. Herbs accounted for 89 followed by shrubs (16 species) and trees (15 species). Correlation analysis revealed a highly positive correlation between relative density and relative frequency (0.956**). Shannon and Simpson’s diversity indices elaborated that site 3 and 7 with clay loamy soil had non-significant alpha diversity and varies from site to site. Diversity analysis showed that site 10 was most diverse (22.25) in terms of species richness. The principal coordinate analysis expressed that different environmental variables including OM, soil pH, P, K, and EC affect vegetation significantly, therefore, loamy soil showed presence and dispersal of more vegetation as compared to loam, sandy and sandy loam soils. Further, 170 ppm of available potassium had significant affect on plant diversity and distribution. Conclusion Asteraceae family was found dominant as dicot while poaceae among monocot. Adhatoda vasica was one of the unique species and found in Head Maralla site. For evenness, site 3 had maximum value 0.971. Most of the soil represented loamy soil texture where site 2 and 4 possess high soil moisture content. SWOT analysis revealed strengths as people prefered plants for medicine, food and economic purposes. In weakness, agricultural practices, soil erosion and flooding affected the vegetation. In opportunities, Forest and Irrigation Departments were planting plants for the restoration of ecosystem. Threats include anthropogenic activities overgrazing, urbanization and road infrastructure at Head Maralla, habitat fragmentation at Head Khanki, and extensive fish farming at Head Qadirabad. Future conservation efforts should be concentrated on SWOT analysis outcome in terms of stopping illegal consumption of natural resources, restoration of plant biodiversity through reforestation, designating protected areas and multiplying rare species locally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azhar Ali
- Biodiversity Informatics, Genomics and Post Harvest Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Iqbal
- Biodiversity Informatics, Genomics and Post Harvest Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Muhammad Akbar
- Biodiversity Informatics, Genomics and Post Harvest Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Mehmood
- Department of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Syed Atiq Hussain
- Biodiversity Informatics, Genomics and Post Harvest Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Noshia Arshad
- Biodiversity Informatics, Genomics and Post Harvest Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Saba Munir
- Biodiversity Informatics, Genomics and Post Harvest Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Hajra Masood
- Biodiversity Informatics, Genomics and Post Harvest Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Ahmad
- Biodiversity Informatics, Genomics and Post Harvest Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
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Hernández-Ortiz V, Dzul-Cauich JF, Madora M, Coates R. Local Climate Conditions Shape the Seasonal Patterns of the Diptera Community in a Tropical Rainforest of the Americas. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:499-513. [PMID: 35575877 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-022-00965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insect life cycles are short-term and therefore sensitive to immediate changes triggered by climate, vegetation structure, or land use management; hence, the insect populations shape the communities and functional relationships in tropical forests. In this study, we hypothesized that seasonal variations of the dipteran families respond in different ways to changes of weather conditions, thereby affecting their population dynamics. In a one-hectare plot, we surveyed the fly community inhabiting the understory of a Neotropical rainforest. Over a yearly cycle, we used three Malaise traps operated continuously for 365 days and recorded a total of 68,465 fly specimens belonging to 48 families of Diptera, 15 of which were most abundant, accounting for 99.2% of all sampled individuals. The results of the trapping frequency indices (TFIs) exhibited significant population fluctuations in 12 of the 15 most abundant families, which were particularly correlated with temperature or precipitation. Based on such variations, we identified four seasonal patterns as follows: (i) Spring-Autumn bimodal pattern (Cecidomyiidae, Sciaridae, Phoridae, Stratiomyidae); (ii) Spring pattern (Mycetophilidae, Dolichopodidae, Ceratopogonidae); (iii) Autumn pattern (Chironomidae, Psychodidae); (iv) Winter pattern (Empididae, Tipulidae, Ditomyiidae). From a functional perspective, we found the prevalence of families with saprophagous larvae, in addition to phytophagous, fungivores, and predacious. Our results suggest a key role played by the Diptera community on structuring the functional clusters, both in terms of taxonomic composition and on seasonal shifts of abundance, thus influencing the dynamic processes of nutrient cycling in the understory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José F Dzul-Cauich
- Red de Interacciones Multitróficas, Instituto de Ecología A.C. Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Martha Madora
- Estación de Biología Tropical Los Tuxtlas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Veracruz, San Andrés Tuxtla, Mexico
| | - Rosamond Coates
- Estación de Biología Tropical Los Tuxtlas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Veracruz, San Andrés Tuxtla, Mexico
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41
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Velo-Antón G, Henrique M, Liz AV, Martínez-Freiría F, Pleguezuelos JM, Geniez P, Crochet PA, Brito JC. DNA barcode reference library for the West Sahara-Sahel reptiles. Sci Data 2022; 9:459. [PMID: 35915106 PMCID: PMC9343634 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA barcode reference libraries are now continuously produced for the tree of life, which are essential pillars for the study of biological diversity. Yet, our knowledge about global diversity is largely limited in undersampled regions such as the largest warm desert, the Sahara-Sahel. This dataset provides a DNA barcode reference library for the reptiles of the Western Sahara-Sahel (WSS) and neighbouring countries across this region. It includes 760 barcodes from 133 reptile taxa, distributed in 23 families, and covering the intraspecific diversity of some species. A total of 84 species were collected in the WSS (83% of the total reptile species richness) over 18 overland field expeditions conducted since 2003. DNA barcodes resulted in a high success rate (95%) of species identification and barcoding gap analysis highlighted the effectiveness of the COI fragment as a barcode marker for the WSS reptiles. This dataset represents a comprehensive and reliable DNA reference library for the WSS, filling an important biodiversity gap across a remote and hard-to-sample region.
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Grants
- CRE-7629-04, CRE-8412-08, GEFNE-53-12 National Geographic Society
- 11052709, 11052707, 13257467 Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund
- SG-15399-1, SG-17893-1 Rufford Foundation (Rufford Small Grants Foundation)
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal). CEECIND/00937/2018 Ramón y Cajal research grant (Spain).Ref. RYC-2019-026959-I/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal). Ref. SFRH/BD/140348/2018
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal). DL57/2016/CP1440/CT0010
- Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia. Refs.PTDC/BIA-BEC/099934/2008, PTDC/BIA-BIC/2903/2012, CEECINST/00014/2018/CP1512/CT0001. EDER through COMPETE-Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-008917, -028276), and by AGRIGEN–NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000007, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Velo-Antón
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Grupo GEA, Vigo, E-36310, Spain.
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
| | - Margarida Henrique
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - André Vicente Liz
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Martínez-Freiría
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | | | - Philippe Geniez
- CEFE, EPHE-PSL, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Biogéographie et Ecologie des Vertébrés, Montpellier, France
| | | | - José Carlos Brito
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002, Porto, Portugal.
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Brito JC, Sow AS, Vale CG, Pizzigalli C, Hamidou D, Gonçalves DV, Martínez-Freiría F, Santarém F, Rebelo H, Campos JC, Pleguezuelos JM, Ferreira da Silva MJ, Naia M, Tarroso P, Godinho R, Silva TL, Macedo T, Boratyński Z, Sidatt ZEA, Álvares F. Diversity, distribution and conservation of land mammals in Mauritania, North-West Africa. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269870. [PMID: 35913972 PMCID: PMC9342785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Detailed knowledge about biodiversity distribution is critical for monitoring the biological effects of global change processes. Biodiversity knowledge gaps hamper the monitoring of conservation trends and they are especially evident in the desert biome. Mauritania constitutes a remarkable example on how remoteness and regional insecurity affect current knowledge gaps. Mammals remain one of the least studied groups in this country, without a concerted species checklist, the mapping of regions concentrating mammal diversity, or a national assessment of their conservation status. This work assessed the diversity, distribution, and conservation of land mammals in Mauritania. A total of 6,718 published and original observations were assembled in a spatial database and used to update the occurrence status, distribution area, and conservation status. The updated taxonomic list comprises 107 species, including 93 extant, 12 Regionally Extinct, and 2 Extinct in the Wild. Mapping of species distributions allowed locating concentrations of extant mammal species richness in coastal areas, along the Senegal River valley, and in mountain plateaus. Recent regional extinction of large-sized Artiodactyla and Carnivora has been very high (11% extinct species). From the extant mammals, 11% are threatened, including flagship species (e.g., Addax nasomaculatus and Panthera pardus). Species richness is poorly represented by the current protected areas. Despite the strong advances made, 23% of species categorise as Data Deficient. Persisting systematics and distribution uncertainties require further research. Field surveys in currently unexplored areas (northern and south-eastern regions) are urgently needed to increase knowledge about threatened mammals. The long-term conservation of land mammals in Mauritania is embedded in a complex web of socioeconomic and environmental factors that call for collaborative action and investment in sustainable human development. The current work sets the baseline for the future development of detailed research studies and to address the general challenges faced by mammals and biodiversity in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos Brito
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Andack Saad Sow
- Green Sahel Expertise: Bureau d’Études Spécialise en Environnement, Nouakchott, R.I. Mauritanie
| | - Cândida Gomes Vale
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Cristian Pizzigalli
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dieng Hamidou
- Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université des Sciences, de Technologie et de Médecine de Nouakchott, Nouakchott, R.I. Mauritanie
| | - Duarte Vasconcelos Gonçalves
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Fernando Martínez-Freiría
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Frederico Santarém
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Hugo Rebelo
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Campos
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | | | - Maria Joana Ferreira da Silva
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Marisa Naia
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Pedro Tarroso
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Raquel Godinho
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Teresa Luísa Silva
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Tiago Macedo
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Zbyszek Boratyński
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
| | | | - Francisco Álvares
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Vairão, Portugal
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Richness, not evenness, varies across water availability gradients in grassy biomes on five continents. Oecologia 2022; 199:649-659. [PMID: 35833986 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We sought to understand the role that water availability (expressed as an aridity index) plays in determining regional and global patterns of richness and evenness, and in turn how these water availability-diversity relationships may result in different richness-evenness relationships at regional and global scales. We examined relationships between water availability, richness and evenness for eight grassy biomes spanning broad water availability gradients on five continents. Our study found that relationships between richness and water availability switched from positive for drier (South Africa, Tibet and USA) vs. negative for wetter (India) biomes, though were not significant for the remaining biomes. In contrast, only the India biome showed a significant relationship between water availability and evenness, which was negative. Globally, the richness-water availability relationship was hump-shaped, however, not significant for evenness. At the regional scale, a positive richness-evenness relationship was found for grassy biomes in India and Inner Mongolia, China. In contrast, this relationship was weakly concave-up globally. These results suggest that different, independent factors are determining patterns of species richness and evenness in grassy biomes, resulting in differing richness-evenness relationships at regional and global scales. As a consequence, richness and evenness may respond very differently across spatial gradients to anthropogenic changes, such as climate change.
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Sarmento-Soares LM, Martins-Pinheiro RF, Casagranda MD. Endemicity Analysis of the Ichtyofauna of the Rio Doce Basin, Southeastern Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210646. [PMID: 35766599 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rio Doce is a very important freshwater system in Brazil running through the Atlantic Forest, however available information about its biodiversity is scarce. In 2015, the Rio Doce basin was damaged by a burst of Fundão tailing dam in Mariana (Minas Gerais) causing an extraordinary environmental damage, with consequences still incompletely known. In the present paper we analyzed 6042 latitude/longitude records of 208 fish species from the Rio Doce deposited in collections prior to November 2015, in order to identify areas of endemism in the river before the burst. Several areas of endemism were identified along the basin, most of them describing small and novel patterns. Our analyses helped to identify areas of major diversity along the basin as well as information gaps concerning fish sampling. We hope this contribution will help obtaining quantitative measures on the impact caused by the Fundão dam catastrophe on fish biodiversity and will be useful to orient general actions towards the restoration of the basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Sarmento-Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Prédio Bárbara Weinberg, Campus de Goiabeiras, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Goiabeiras, 29043-900 Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, s/n, Novo Horizonte, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.,Instituto Nossos Riachos (INR), Estrada de Itacoatiara, 356, Casa 4, 24348-095 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Zotos S, Stamatiou M, Vogiatzakis IN. Elusive species distribution modelling: The case of Natrix natrix cypriaca. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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46
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Ottaviani G, Méndez‐Castro FE, Conti L, Zelený D, Chytrý M, Doležal J, Jandová V, Altman J, Klimešová J. Sticking around: Plant persistence strategies on edaphic islands. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Ottaviani
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | | | - Luisa Conti
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - David Zelený
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Milan Chytrý
- Department of Botany and Zoology Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jiři Doležal
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Jandová
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Jan Altman
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Klimešová
- Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Department of Botany Charles University Prague Faculty of Science, Charles University Prague Czech Republic
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Broekhuis F, Ngene S, Gopalaswamy AM, Mwaura A, Dloniak SM, Ngatia DK, Tyrrell PD, Yamane Y, Elliot NB. Predicting potential distributions of large carnivores in Kenya: An occupancy study to guide conservation. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Femke Broekhuis
- Kenya Wildlife Trust Nairobi Kenya
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Stephanie M. Dloniak
- Department of Integrative Biology Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
| | - Dedan K. Ngatia
- Department of Zoology and Physiology University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming USA
- Mpala Research Centre Nanyuki Kenya
| | - Peter D. Tyrrell
- South Rift Association of Land Owners Nairobi Kenya
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology University of Oxford, Recanati‐Kaplan Centre Tubney UK
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya
| | - Yumi Yamane
- Centre for African Area Studies 46 Yoshida‐Shimoadachi Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Nicholas B. Elliot
- Kenya Wildlife Trust Nairobi Kenya
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology University of Oxford, Recanati‐Kaplan Centre Tubney UK
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48
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The rise and fall of an alien: why the successful colonizer Littorina saxatilis failed to invade the Mediterranean Sea. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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49
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Niemiller ML, Davis MA, Tan M, Apodaca JJ, Dooley KE, Cucalón RV, Benito JB, Niemiller KDK, Hardman RH, Istvanko D, Thames D. Mitochondrial DNA and Population Genomics Reveal Additional Cryptic Diversity in the Green Salamander (Subgenus Castaneides) Species Complex. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.890859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptic species present particular challenges to biodiversity conservation, as true species diversity and distributional boundaries remain obscured. However, modern molecular tools have afforded unparalleled opportunities to elucidate cryptic species, define their distributions, and, ultimately, develop conservation interventions to extend their evolutionary trajectories into the future. The Green Salamander (Aneides aeneus) complex provides an evolutionary focal point and the Appalachian Highlands an ecological context for the exploration of cryptic speciation in an imperiled taxon. A recent study uncovered significant levels of genetic and genomic variation geographically structured across the Appalachian Highlands, including up to four lineages, one of which (A. caryaensis) was described therein. Here we extend the genetic and genomic examination of the Castaneides species complex by intensive sampling of additional populations along Cumberland Plateau and Appalachian Valley and Ridge of Alabama and Tennessee, employing both mtDNA and RADseq species delimitation approaches to delineate cryptic diversity and boundaries in this region. Analyses of two mitochondrial loci (nd4 and cytb) identified two reciprocally monophyletic lineages, which are also supported by population clustering and phylogenetic analyses of SNPs, that identified two population clusters with no evidence of gene flow. Our genetic and genomic results support the recognition of two additional cryptic lineages in the Castaneides species complex. Ultimately, this information is critical in developing successful adaptive management strategies for this important and endemic component of Appalachian Highland biodiversity.
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Hurdu BI, Coste A, Halmagyi A, Szatmari PM, Farkas A, Puscas M, Dan Turtureanu P, Rosca-Casian O, Tănase C, Oprea A, Mardari C, Rădutoiu D, Camen-Comănescu P, Sîrbu IM, Stoie A, Lupoae P, Cristea V, Jarda L, Holobiuc I, Goia I, Cătană C, Butiuc-Keul A. Ex situ conservation of plant diversity in Romania: a synthesis of threatened and endemic taxa. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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