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Ibalim S, Toko PS, Segar ST, Sagata K, Koane B, Miller SE, Novotny V, Janda M. Phylogenetic structure of moth communities (Geometridae, Lepidoptera) along a complete rainforest elevational gradient in Papua New Guinea. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308698. [PMID: 39133743 PMCID: PMC11318904 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
We use community phylogenetics to elucidate the community assembly mechanisms for Geometridae moths (Lepidoptera) collected along a complete rainforest elevational gradient (200-3700 m a.s.l) on Mount Wilhelm in Papua New Guinea. A constrained phylogeny based on COI barcodes for 604 species was used to analyse 1390 species x elevation occurrences at eight elevational sites separated by 500 m elevation increments. We obtained Nearest Relatedness Index (NRI), Nearest Taxon Index (NTI) and Standardised Effect Size of Faith's Phylogenetic Diversity (SES.PD) and regressed these on temperature, plant species richness and predator abundance as key abiotic and biotic predictors. We also quantified beta diversity in the moth communities between elevations using the Phylogenetic Sorensen index. Overall, geometrid communities exhibited phylogenetic clustering, suggesting environmental filters, particularly at higher elevations at and above 2200 m a.s.l and no evidence of overdispersion. NRI, NTI and SES.PD showed no consistent trends with elevation or the studied biotic and abiotic variables. Change in community structure was driven by turnover of phylogenetic beta-diversity, except for the highest 2700-3200 m elevations, which were characterised by nested subsets of lower elevation communities. Overall, the elevational signal of geometrid phylogeny was weak-moderate. Additional insect community phylogeny studies are needed to understand this pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sentiko Ibalim
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pagi S. Toko
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Simon T. Segar
- Department of Crop and Environment Sciences, Harper Adams University, Newport, United Kingdom
| | - Katayo Sagata
- PNG Institute of Biological Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Bonny Koane
- New Guinea Binatang Research Centre, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Scott E. Miller
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Janda
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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2
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Lemos-Costa P, Miller ZR, Allesina S. Phylogeny structures species' interactions in experimental ecological communities. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14490. [PMID: 39152685 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Species' traits and interactions are products of evolutionary history. Despite the long-standing hypothesis that closely related species possess similar traits, and thus experience stronger competition, measuring the effect of evolutionary history on the ecology of natural communities remains challenging. We propose a novel framework to test whether phylogeny influences patterns of coexistence and abundance of species assemblages. In our approach, phylogenetic trees are used to parameterize species' interactions, which in turn determine the abundance of species in a given assemblage. We use likelihoods to score models parameterized with a given phylogeny, and contrast them with models built using random trees, allowing us to test whether phylogenetic information helps to predict species' abundances. Our statistical framework reveals that interactions are indeed structured by phylogeny in a large set of experimental plant communities. Our results confirm that evolutionary history can help predict, and potentially manage or conserve, the structure and function of complex ecological communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lemos-Costa
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zachary R Miller
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Stefano Allesina
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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3
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Zhang H, Gao Y, Zheng X, Hu Y, Zhou X, Fang Y, Li Y, Xie L, Ding H. Neighborhood Diversity Promotes Tree Growth in a Secondary Forest: The Interplay of Intraspecific Competition, Interspecific Competition, and Spatial Scale. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1994. [PMID: 39065520 PMCID: PMC11280550 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the biodiversity-productivity relationship (BPR) is crucial for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. While it is known that diversity enhances forest productivity, the underlying mechanisms at the local neighborhood level remain poorly understood. We established a 9.6 ha dynamic forest plot to study how neighborhood diversity, intraspecific competition, and interspecific competition influence tree growth across spatial scales using linear mixed-effects models. Our analysis reveals a significant positive correlation between neighborhood species richness (NSR) and relative growth rate (RGR). Notably, intraspecific competition, measured by conspecific neighborhood density and resource competition, negatively impacts RGR at finer scales, indicating intense competition among conspecifics for limited resources. In contrast, interspecific competition, measured by heterospecific density and resource competition, has a negligible impact on RGR. The relative importance of diversity and intra/interspecific competition in influencing tree growth varies with scale. At fine scales, intraspecific competition dominates negatively, while at larger scales, the positive effect of NSR on RGR increases, contributing to a positive BPR. These findings highlight the intricate interplay between local interactions and spatial scale in modulating tree growth, emphasizing the importance of considering biotic interactions and spatial variability in studying BPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Zhang
- Innovative Research Team for Forest Restoration Mechanisms, Chishui National Ecological Quality Comprehensive Monitoring Stations, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing 210042, China
- Research Center for Nature Conservation and Biodiversity, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yuanyun Gao
- Innovative Research Team for Forest Restoration Mechanisms, Chishui National Ecological Quality Comprehensive Monitoring Stations, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Research Center for Nature Conservation and Biodiversity, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yaping Hu
- Research Center for Nature Conservation and Biodiversity, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Research Center for Nature Conservation and Biodiversity, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yao Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Research Center for Nature Conservation and Biodiversity, State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Nanjing 210042, China
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4
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Hendrickson B. Environmental determinants of phylogenetic diversity in vernal pool habitats. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11583. [PMID: 38919646 PMCID: PMC11196243 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetic diversity offers critical insights into the ecological dynamics shaping species composition and ecosystem function, thereby informing conservation strategies. Despite its recognized importance in ecosystem management, the assessment of phylogenetic diversity in endangered habitats, such as vernal pools, remains limited. Vernal pools, characterized by cyclical inundation and unique plant communities, present an ideal system for investigating the interplay between ecological factors and phylogenetic structure. This study aims to characterize the phylogenetic patterns of vernal pools and their associated vegetation zones, addressing questions about taxonomic and phylogenetic community discreteness, the role of flooding as a habitat filter, the influence of invasive species on phylogenetic structure, and the impact of seasonal variation on phylogenetic diversity. I find that zones-of-vegetation exhibit high between zone taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity whereas each zone forms a unique cluster, suggesting that zones are taxonomically and phylogenetically discrete units. Regions of high-inundation pressure exhibit phylogenetic clustering, indicating that flooding is a habitat filter in vernal pool habitats. Competition between native species conform to the 'competitive relatedness hypothesis' and, conversely, communities dominated by invasive Eurasian grass species are phylogenetically clustered. In addition, I find that phylogenetic diversity within zones fluctuates across the spring season in response to changing water levels, precipitation, and temperature. By analyzing three pools within the Merced Vernal Pool and Grassland Reserve, this research elucidates the phylogenetic dynamics of vernal pools. The findings underscore the need for tailored conservation strategies that account for the unique ecological characteristics of each vegetation zone within vernal pool habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Hendrickson
- University of LouisianaLafayetteLouisianaUSA
- University of CaliforniaMercedCaliforniaUSA
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5
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Ordonez A, Gill JL. Unravelling the functional and phylogenetic dimensions of novel ecosystem assemblages. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230324. [PMID: 38583470 PMCID: PMC10999274 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human activities are causing taxonomic rearrangements across ecosystems that often result in the emergence of novel communities (assemblies with no historical representative). It is commonly assumed that these changes in the taxonomic makeup of ecosystems also inevitably lead to changes in other aspects of biodiversity, namely functional and phylogenetic diversity. However, this assumption is not always valid, as the changes in functional and phylogenetic composition resulting from taxonomic shifts depend on the level of redundancy in the evaluated community. Therefore, we need improved theoretical frameworks to predict when we can expect coordinated or decoupled responses among these three facets of biodiversity. To advance this understanding, we discuss the conceptual and methodological issues that complicate establishing a link between taxonomic rearrangements driven by human activities and the associated functional and phylogenetic changes. Here, we show that is crucial to consider the expected changes in functional and phylogenetic composition as communities are reshaped owing to human drivers of biodiversity loss to forecast the impacts of novel assemblages on ecosystem functions and the services they provide to humanity. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ordonez
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jacquelyn L. Gill
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, 5751 Murray Hall, Room 100 Orono, ME 04469, USA
- Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, 5751 Murray Hall, Room 100 Orono, ME 04469, USA
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6
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Hoenle PO, Plowman NS, Matos-Maraví P, de Bello F, Bishop TR, Libra M, Idigel C, Rimandai M, Klimes P. Forest disturbance increases functional diversity but decreases phylogenetic diversity of an arboreal tropical ant community. J Anim Ecol 2024; 93:501-516. [PMID: 38409804 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Tropical rainforest trees host a diverse arthropod fauna that can be characterised by their functional diversity (FD) and phylogenetic diversity (PD). Human disturbance degrades tropical forests, often coinciding with species invasion and altered assembly that leads to a decrease in FD and PD. Tree canopies are thought to be particularly vulnerable, but rarely investigated. Here, we studied the effects of forest disturbance on an ecologically important invertebrate group, the ants, in a lowland rainforest in New Guinea. We compared an early successional disturbed plot (secondary forest) to an old-growth plot (primary forest) by exhaustively sampling their ant communities in a total of 852 trees. We expected that for each tree community (1) disturbance would decrease FD and PD in tree-dwelling ants, mediated through species invasion. (2) Disturbance would decrease ant trait variation due to a more homogeneous environment. (3) The main drivers behind these changes would be different contributions of true tree-nesting species and visiting species. We calculated FD and PD based on a species-level phylogeny and 10 ecomorphological traits. Furthermore, we assessed by data exclusion the influence of species, which were not nesting in individual trees (visitors) or only nesting species (nesters), and of non-native species on FD and PD. Primary forests had higher ant species richness and PD than secondary forest. However, we consistently found increased FD in secondary forest. This pattern was robust even if we decoupled functional and phylogenetic signals, or if non-native ant species were excluded from the data. Visitors did not contribute strongly to FD, but they increased PD and their community weighted trait means often varied from nesters. Moreover, all community-weighted trait means changed after forest disturbance. Our finding of contradictory FD and PD patterns highlights the importance of integrative measures of diversity. Our results indicate that the tree community trait diversity is not negatively affected, but possibly even enhanced by disturbance. Therefore, the functional diversity of arboreal ants is relatively robust when compared between old-growth and young trees. However, further study with higher plot-replication is necessary to solidify and generalise our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp O Hoenle
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Nichola S Plowman
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pável Matos-Maraví
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Francesco de Bello
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UV-GV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Tom R Bishop
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Martin Libra
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Cliffson Idigel
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Maling Rimandai
- New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Petr Klimes
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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7
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Manrique-Ascencio A, Prieto-Torres DA, Villalobos F, Guevara R. Climate-driven shifts in the diversity of plants in the Neotropical seasonally dry forest: Evaluating the effectiveness of protected areas. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17282. [PMID: 38619685 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Given the current environmental crisis, biodiversity protection is one of the most urgent socio-environmental priorities. However, the effectiveness of protected areas (PAs), the primary strategy for safeguarding ecosystems, is challenged by global climate change (GCC), with evidence showing that species are shifting their distributions into new areas, causing novel species assemblages. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate PAs' present and future effectiveness for biodiversity under the GCC. Here, we analyzed changes in the spatiotemporal patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity (PD) of plants associated with the Neotropical seasonally dry forest (NSDF) under GCC scenarios. We modeled the climatic niche of over 1000 plant species in five representative families (in terms of abundance, dominance, and endemism) of the NSDF. We predicted their potential distributions in the present and future years (2040, 2060, and 2080) based on an intermediate scenario of shared socio-economic pathways (SSP 3.70), allowing species to disperse to new sites or constrained to the current distribution. Then, we tested if the current PAs network represents the taxonomic and phylogenetic diversities. Our results suggest that GCC could promote novel species assemblages with local responses (communities' modifications) across the biome. In general, models predicted losses in the taxonomic and phylogenetic diversities of all the five plant families analyzed across the distribution of the NSDF. However, in the northern floristic groups (i.e., Antilles and Mesoamerica) of the NSDF, taxonomic and PD will be stable in GCC projections. In contrast, across the NSDF in South America, some cores will lose diversity while others will gain diversity under GCC scenarios. PAs in some NSDF regions appeared insufficient to protect the NSDF diversity. Thus, there is an urgent need to assess how the PA system could be better reconfigured to warrant the protection of the NSDF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David A Prieto-Torres
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (LABIOCG), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Fabricio Villalobos
- Red Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Roger Guevara
- Red Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
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8
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Liu S, Zhou T, Tan X, Mtemi WM, Jiang A. Stochastic processes shape the functional and phylogenetic structure of bird assemblages at the mine area in southwest China. Curr Zool 2024; 70:204-213. [PMID: 38726258 PMCID: PMC11078063 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoad013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of community assembly is a key question in ecology. Metal pollution may result in significant changes in bird community structure and diversity, with implications for ecosystem processes and function. However, the relative importance of these processes in shaping the bird community at the polluted area is still not clear. Here, we explored bird species richness, functional, and phylogenetic diversity, and the assembly processes of community at the mine region of southwest China. Our results showed that the 3 dimensions of diversity at the mine area were lower than that at the reference sites. In the community assembly, the result was 0 < NRI/ NFRI < 1.96, which indicated deterministic processes (environmental filtering) might drive community clustering. The results of the neutral community model, and normalized stochasticity ratio, showed the dominant role of stochastic processes in shaping the bird community assembly. We further quantified the community-level habitat niche breadth (Bcom), and we found that there was no difference in Bcom-value between the mine area and reference sites. This indicates that the bird communities at the mine area and 3 reference sites were not subjected to extreme environmental selection (same or different resource allocation) to form a highly specialized niche. These findings provide insights into the distribution patterns and dominant ecological processes of bird communities under metal exposure, and extend the knowledge in community assembly mechanisms of bird communities living in the mine area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tianlong Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaocai Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wambura M Mtemi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Aiwu Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, No. 100 East University Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530004, China
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Santi I, Carrari E, De Frenne P, Valerio M, Gasperini C, Cabrucci M, Selvi F. Impact of coppicing on microclimate and understorey vegetation diversity in an ancient Mediterranean oak forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170531. [PMID: 38309368 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Coppicing is one of the oldest silvicultural practices and is still widely applied to produce renewable energy from broadleaf forests. However, the consequences on microclimate and understorey vegetation are still poorly understood, especially in Mediterranean oak forests. With the ongoing changes in the climate system and global biodiversity loss, a better understanding of how the forest temperature buffering capacity and below-canopy plant community are impacted by coppicing is crucial. Here we quantify microclimate and understorey vegetation changes in adjacent ancient coppice-with-standards and high forest stands dominated by oaks in Italy, where these systems have been applied for a long time. Air and soil temperatures were recorded for 2.5 years, and nested vegetation plots were used to analyse coppicing effects on species composition, taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity. Coppicing significantly reduced the forest temperature buffering capacity. The mean of the daily maximum temperatures over the entire period was 1.45 °C higher in the coppiced sites, whereas the mean of the daily minimum temperatures was 0.62 °C lower than in the high forest. Coppicing increased understorey species richness by favouring generalist taxa, but significantly decreased the proportion of forest specialists. The understorey community in coppiced forests consisted of more warm-adapted species. Moreover, coppicing also led to a loss of phylogenetic evenness and to shifts in diversity and community weighted mean Leaf Dry Matter content, pointing to habitat filtering and acclimation processes. In sum, we show that coppicing affects microclimate and understory vegetation in a direction that can exacerbate the effects of climate change, negatively affecting the oak forest specialist flora and its phylogenetic evenness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Santi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, P. le Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Carrari
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, P. le Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy.
| | - Pieter De Frenne
- Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090 Melle-Gontrode, Belgium
| | - Mercedes Valerio
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, P. le Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Cristina Gasperini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, P. le Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Cabrucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, P. le Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Selvi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, P. le Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
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10
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Shi X, Eisenhauer N, Peñuelas J, Fu Y, Wang J, Chen Y, Liu S, He L, Lucas-Borja ME, Wang L, Huang Z. Trophic interactions in soil micro-food webs drive ecosystem multifunctionality along tree species richness. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17234. [PMID: 38469998 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Rapid biodiversity losses under global climate change threaten forest ecosystem functions. However, our understanding of the patterns and drivers of multiple ecosystem functions across biodiversity gradients remains equivocal. To address this important knowledge gap, we measured simultaneous responses of multiple ecosystem functions (nutrient cycling, soil carbon stocks, organic matter decomposition, plant productivity) to a tree species richness gradient of 1, 4, 8, 16, and 32 species in a young subtropical forest. We found that tree species richness had negligible effects on nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition, and plant productivity, but soil carbon stocks and ecosystem multifunctionality significantly increased with tree species richness. Linear mixed-effect models showed that soil organisms, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soil nematodes, elicited the greatest relative effects on ecosystem multifunctionality. Structural equation models revealed indirect effects of tree species richness on ecosystem multifunctionality mediated by trophic interactions in soil micro-food webs. Specifically, we found a significant negative effect of gram-positive bacteria on soil nematode abundance (a top-down effect), and a significant positive effect of AMF biomass on soil nematode abundance (a bottom-up effect). Overall, our study emphasizes the significance of a multitrophic perspective in elucidating biodiversity-multifunctionality relationships and highlights the conservation of functioning soil micro-food webs to maintain multiple ecosystem functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhen Shi
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Centre de Recerca Ecològicai Aplicacions Forestals, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yanrong Fu
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianqing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shengen Liu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lulu He
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja
- Higher Technical School of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, Castilla-La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain
| | - Liyan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiqun Huang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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11
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Muvengwi J, Ndagurwa HGT, Witkowski ETF, Mbiba M. Woody species composition, diversity, and ecosystem services of yards along an urban socioeconomic gradient. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168976. [PMID: 38036145 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Woody plants offer a wide range of valuable ecosystem services, but their distribution across socioeconomic gradients in urban landscapes remains poorly understood. Thus, we explored the effect of socioeconomic and legacy factors on plant species richness and phylogenetic diversity, and the motivations for growing and keeping certain species. We sampled a total of 300 households across a socioeconomic gradient in the city of Harare, Zimbabwe, in high-, medium- and low-density areas, representing low to high wealth strata. Trees were mostly grown for ornamental purpose in the rich (low-density) suburbs and utilitarian purposes in the poorer medium to high-density areas. However, trees were also grown with similar proportion for shade across the socioeconomic gradient. Proportion of medicinal and fruit trees increased with household density, while wind break trees were more common in low-density suburbs. Exotic species exhibited greater species richness compared with indigenous species, with both combined and separate assessments of indigenous and exotic species richness revealing a significant positive association with socioeconomic and legacy factors. The composition of species displayed considerable variation along the socioeconomic gradient. Notably, in low-density environments, exotic species maintained elevated phylogenetic diversity in comparison to indigenous species. This distinction was particularly pronounced when analysed independently, revealing a significant positive correlation between exotic species richness and both property value and education level. Our study shows that residents filter specific plant species based on their socioeconomic status and that, relative to low-income households, the rich homeowners have unintentionally incorporated enough exotic species to produce novel phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in their yards. Thus, we confirm the existence of a socioeconomic gradient in terms of species richness, composition, and phylogenetic diversity. However, the imbalance in species richness and phylogenetic diversity across the socioeconomic gradient can be reduced by increased tree planting in open areas, including along streets in medium to high-density areas to improve ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justice Muvengwi
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.
| | - Hilton G T Ndagurwa
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa; Department of Geospatial Science, Faculty of Environmental Science, National University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box AC 939, Ascot, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
| | - Ed T F Witkowski
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Monicah Mbiba
- School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
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12
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Xianbang W, Mingping L, Kunliang L, Qiang H, Dongkang P, Haibin M, Guihua H. Effects of intercropping teak with Alpinia katsumadai Hayata and Amomum longiligulare T.L. Wu on rhizosphere soil nutrients and bacterial community diversity, structure, and network. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1328772. [PMID: 38440142 PMCID: PMC10910098 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1328772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Teak is a precious hardwood species in tropical and subtropical regions with a long growth cycle and slow economic returns. Intercropping medicinal plants is an effective method for obtaining early returns during the growth period of teak. However, currently, we lack sufficient knowledge about the impact of intercropping on the soil microenvironment, especially on rhizosphere soil bacterial communities. We selected two medicinal plants Alpinia katsumadai Hayata and Amomum longiligulare T.L. Wu, for an intercropping experiment with teak, and the non-intercropping teak forest area was used for comparison. By collecting soil rhizosphere samples and conducting 16S rDNA sequencing and property analysis, we aimed to investigate the influence of teak intercropping on soil microbial communities. The results showed that intercropping significantly improved soil nutrients contents, such as soil organic matter, soil total potassium and soil available nitrogen, and significantly altered bacterial community structure. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that intercropping tightened the connections of the soil bacterial network and increased its complexity (by increasing the number of nodes and the proportion of positive edges). Teak intercropping with Amomum longiligulare T.L. Wu resulted in tighter network connections than teak intercropping with A. katsumadai Hayata. Changes in the soil bacterial community structure may related to environmental factors such as total potassium content and pH. These results demonstrated that the introduction of medicinal plants exerts a significant impact on the soil bacterial community of teak, fostering the enrichment of specific bacterial taxa (such as Firmicutes and Methylomirabilota), and makes the rhizosphere bacterial network denser and more complex. This study provides valuable insights for the management of teak plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ma Haibin
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huang Guihua
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Mensah S, Dimobe K, Noulèkoun F, van der Plas F, Seifert T. Phylogenetic diversity and community wide-trait means offer different insights into mechanisms regulating aboveground carbon storage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167905. [PMID: 37858820 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Both attributes of functional traits and phylogenetic diversity influence ecosystem functions, but which of these factors is most important is still poorly understood in natural systems. Using data from West African forests and tree savannas, we analyse how (i) phylogenetic diversity complements attributes of functional traits in explaining aboveground carbon (AGC); (ii) phylogenetic diversity relates with attributes of functional traits along gradients of phylogenetic signal; and (iii) pathways between phylogenetic diversity and attributes of functional traits relate AGC to soil and climate. Phylogenetic diversity was measured as standardised effect size of Mean Pairwise Distance (sesMPD) and Mean Nearest Taxon Distance (sesMNTD). Functional dispersion (FDis) and community weighted mean (CWM) were calculated for four traits related to leaf economics spectrum and plant life-history. Functional traits-based models explained 11 % of AGC variability. With two out of the four traits being phylogenetically conserved, incorporating phylogenetic diversity in the models increased the explained variance in AGC by 15 %. The slope of phylogenetic diversity-trait relationship was more responsive to trait conservatism for FDis than CWM. AGC was positively influenced by sesMPD and CWM of plant maximum height. In turn, CWM of plant maximum height increased with higher soil nitrogen and climate moisture, whereas sesMPD was negatively related with climate moisture. Although FDis was positively associated with sesMPD, it was not as important as sesMPD and CWM of plant maximum height in influencing and relating AGC to soil nitrogen and climate moisture. Our results suggest that phylogenetic diversity is important for AGC but does not fully reflect the functional mechanisms pertaining to community-wide trait means. The study also demonstrates the role of environment in regulating AGC, which operates through differences in community fitness driven by tall plant stature, and evolutionary processes whereby closely related species are maintained in less arid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvanus Mensah
- Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; Laboratoire de Biomathématiques et d'Estimations Forestières, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Kangbéni Dimobe
- Département des Eaux, Forêts et Environnement, Institut des Sciences de l'Environnement et du Développement Rural, Université de Dédougou, BP 176 Dédougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Florent Noulèkoun
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anamro, Seongbukgu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Fons van der Plas
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Seifert
- Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany; Department of Forest and Wood Science, Stellenbosch University, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
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14
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Emmenegger B, Massoni J, Pestalozzi CM, Bortfeld-Miller M, Maier BA, Vorholt JA. Identifying microbiota community patterns important for plant protection using synthetic communities and machine learning. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7983. [PMID: 38042924 PMCID: PMC10693592 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-associated microbiomes contribute to important ecosystem functions such as host resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The factors that determine such community outcomes are inherently difficult to identify under complex environmental conditions. In this study, we present an experimental and analytical approach to explore microbiota properties relevant for a microbiota-conferred host phenotype, here plant protection, in a reductionist system. We screened 136 randomly assembled synthetic communities (SynComs) of five bacterial strains each, followed by classification and regression analyses as well as empirical validation to test potential explanatory factors of community structure and composition, including evenness, total commensal colonization, phylogenetic diversity, and strain identity. We find strain identity to be the most important predictor of pathogen reduction, with machine learning algorithms improving performances compared to random classifications (94-100% versus 32% recall) and non-modelled predictions (0.79-1.06 versus 1.5 RMSE). Further experimental validation confirms three strains as the main drivers of pathogen reduction and two additional strains that confer protection in combination. Beyond the specific application presented in our study, we provide a framework that can be adapted to help determine features relevant for microbiota function in other biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julien Massoni
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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15
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Mayani-Parás F, Moreno CE, Escalona-Segura G, Botello F, Munguía-Carrara M, Sánchez-Cordero V. Classification and distribution of functional groups of birds and mammals in Mexico. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287036. [PMID: 37934744 PMCID: PMC10629651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a recent exponential growth in the study of functional trait ecology. Nonetheless, the study of functional traits and functional groups has been limited for terrestrial vertebrates. We conducted a classification update of functional groups (FG) of birds and mammals in Mexico, and determined the distribution patterns of FG species richness in different ecosystems nationwide. We selected six functional traits (feeding habit, locomotion, feeding substrate and technique, activity period, seasonality, and body size) obtained for 987 and 496 species of birds and mammals, respectively. A cophenetic correlation analyses resulted in values of 0.82 for the bird species dendrogram, and 0.79 for the mammal species dendrogram showing that the structures adequately reflected the similarity between observations. We obtained 52 FG for birds, assembled into 9 broader groups based on their feeding habits (16 invertivores, 6 carnivores: 5 herbivores, 9 aquatic vertivore/invertivore, 5 granivores, 1 scavenger, 3 nectarivores, 4 frugivores, and 3 omnivores). We obtained 35 FG for mammals, assembled into 9 broader groups based on their feeding habits (4 granivores, 10 herbivores, 1 nectarivore, 4 frugivores, 8 invertivores, 3 omnivores, 2 aquatic vertivore/invertivore, 1 hematophagous, and 2 carnivores). Overall, the distribution of FG species richness for birds and mammals gradually increased from the Nearctic to the Neotropical region, following a typical latitudinal species richness pattern. Few FG of migratory birds, and FG of granivore and herbivore mammals showed more species in the Nearctic and in the transitional regions. Our study provides a baseline for identifying ecological functions of species of birds and mammals in different ecosystems in Mexico, and contributes to understand the relationship between species diversity, community structure and ecosystem functioning. Identifying spatial patterns of functional trait diversity is important as biodiversity loss has a negative impact on ecosystem functioning and provision of environmental services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Mayani-Parás
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia E. Moreno
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Griselda Escalona-Segura
- Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Francisco Botello
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Munguía-Carrara
- Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (CONABIO), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Cordero
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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16
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Cortés-Díaz D, Buitrago-Torres DL, Restrepo-Cardona JS, Estellés-Domingo I, López-López P. Bridging Evolutionary History and Conservation of New World Vultures. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3175. [PMID: 37893899 PMCID: PMC10603630 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The New World Vultures (Cathartidae) include seven species of obligate scavengers that, despite their ecological relevance, present critical information gaps around their evolutionary history and conservation. Insights into their phylogenetic relationships in recent years has enabled the addressing of such information gaps through approaches based on phylogeny. We reconstructed the ancestral area in America of the current species using two regionalization schemes and methods: Biogeography with Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis (BioGeoBears) and Bayesian Binary Model-Monte Carlo Markov Chains (BBM-MCMC). Then, we identified the priority species and areas for conservation by means of the Evolutionary Distinctiveness index (ED), as a proxy of the uniqueness of species according to phylogeny, and the Global Endangerment index (GE), mapping phylogenetic diversity. We found that the ancestral area of New World Vultures in America corresponds to South America, with dispersal processes that led to a recolonization of North America by Coragyps atratus, Gymnogyps californianus and Cathartes aura. We identified the Black Vulture, G. californianus and Vultur gryphus as priority species based on ED and "Evolutionary Distinct Globally Endangered" (EDGE) indexes, and the lowlands of Amazon River basin and the Orinoco basin and some tributaries areas of the Guiana Shield were identified as the priority areas when mapping the phylogenetic diversity. This study highlights the importance of filling knowledge gaps of species of conservation concern through the integration of evolutionary and ecological information and tools and, thus, developing adequate strategies to enhance the preservation of these species in the face of the current loss of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cortés-Díaz
- Semillero de Investigación en Ecología y Conservación, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá 110151, Colombia;
| | | | - Juan Sebastián Restrepo-Cardona
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
- Fundación Cóndor Andino—Ecuador, Quito 170143, Ecuador
| | - Irene Estellés-Domingo
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain;
| | - Pascual López-López
- Movement Ecology Laboratory, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain;
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17
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Alavez V, Santos-Gally R, Gutiérrez-Aguilar M, Del-Val E, Boege K. Influence of phylogenetic diversity of plant communities on tri-trophic interactions. Oecologia 2023; 203:125-137. [PMID: 37777642 PMCID: PMC10615933 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetic diversity of plant communities can influence the interaction between plants, herbivores, and their natural enemies. Plant communities with phylogenetically distant species tend to present a wide variety of functional traits and ecological niches, which in turn can influence competitive interactions among plants as well as food and habitat quality for herbivores and their natural enemies. To assess some different mechanisms by which phylogenetic diversity of plant communities can influence herbivores and their natural enemies, we established 12 experimental plots of tropical trees with two treatments: high and low phylogenetic diversity. We measured plant growth and anti-herbivore defenses, herbivore foliar damage, and predator activity in seven species that were present in both treatments. We found significant differences in the expression of plant traits as a function of species identity and their life history, but also depending on the phylogenetic context in which they grew. Pioneer species had higher growth and produced more phenolics in plots with high phylogenetic diversity versus plants in plots with low phylogenetic diversity. Accordingly, herbivore damage in these species was greater in plots with low phylogenetic diversity. Finally, predator activity on caterpillar clay models placed on plants was greater within the low phylogenetic diversity treatment, but only for non-myrmecophytic species. These results suggest that plant phylogenetic diversity can influence the expression of growth and defensive traits and further modify the interaction between plants, herbivores, and their natural enemies. However, such effects depend on plant life history and the presence of mutualistic interaction with ants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Alavez
- Instituto de Ecología, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rocio Santos-Gally
- CONAHCYT-Instituto de Ecología, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manuel Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ek Del-Val
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Karina Boege
- Instituto de Ecología, Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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18
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Nakamura S, Taki H, Arai T, Funayama K, Furihata S, Furui Y, Ikeda T, Inoue H, Kagawa K, Kishimoto H, Kohyama M, Komatsu M, Konuma A, Nakada K, Nakamura S, Sawamura N, Sonoda S, Sueyoshi M, Toda S, Yaginuma K, Yamamoto S, Yoshida K, Yokoi T, Toyama M. Diversity and composition of flower-visiting insects and related factors in three fruit tree species. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e100955. [PMID: 37720662 PMCID: PMC10504601 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e100955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal-mediated pollination is an essential ecosystem service for the production of many fruit trees. To reveal the community composition of flower-visiting wild insects which potentially contribute to fruit production and to examine the effects of geographic location, local meteorological conditions and locally introduced domesticated pollinators on them, we investigated the community composition of insects visiting the flowers (hereafter, "visitors") of apple, Japanese pear and Oriental persimmon for 1‒3 years at 20 sites around Japan. While most of the variation (82%) of the community composition was explained by tree species with a slight contribution by geographic distance (2%), maximum temperature and tree species contributed 62% and 41% of the variation in total abundance of the visitors, respectively. Though the dominant families of the visitors varied spatiotemporally, the community composition of the visitors of apple and Japanese pear clearly differed from that of Oriental persimmon. While Andrenidae and Syrphidae together accounted for 46%‒64% of the visitors of apple and Japanese pear, Apidae represented 57% of the visitors of Oriental persimmon. The taxonomic richness, diversity and evenness of the visitors were best predicted by locally introduced domesticated pollinators and local meteorological conditions of wind speed and maximum temperature. Amongst these selected factors, locally introduced domesticated pollinators could have the largest impact. It seemed to be strongly related to the reduction of taxonomic richness, diversity and evenness of the visitors, accounting for 41‒89% of the variation. Results suggested that the community composition and total abundance of potential pollinators were predominantly determined by tree species and temperature, but locally introduced domesticated pollinators could have a determinantal pressure on the taxonomic diversity of the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Nakamura
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Hachioji, JapanForestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management OrganizationHachiojiJapan
| | - Hisatomo Taki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, JapanForestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management OrganizationTsukubaJapan
| | - Tomonori Arai
- Institute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, JapanInstitute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukubaJapan
| | - Ken Funayama
- Akita Fruit Tree Experiment Station, Yokote, JapanAkita Fruit Tree Experiment StationYokoteJapan
| | - Shunsuke Furihata
- Institute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, JapanInstitute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukubaJapan
| | - Yuki Furui
- Tottori Prefecture Horticultural Research Center, Hokueicho, JapanTottori Prefecture Horticultural Research CenterHokueichoJapan
| | - Takamasa Ikeda
- Tohaku Agricultural Extension Center, Tottori Prefecture, Kotoura-cho, JapanTohaku Agricultural Extension Center, Tottori PrefectureKotoura-choJapan
| | - Hiromitsu Inoue
- Institute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Higashihiroshima, JapanInstitute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationHigashihiroshimaJapan
| | - Kiyohiko Kagawa
- School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, JapanSchool of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiyaJapan
| | - Hidenari Kishimoto
- Institute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Morioka, JapanInstitute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationMoriokaJapan
| | - Mitsuko Kohyama
- Fruit Tree Research Institute, Uki, JapanFruit Tree Research InstituteUkiJapan
| | - Michiyo Komatsu
- Semboku Regional Development Bureau, Akita Prefecture, Daisen, JapanSemboku Regional Development Bureau, Akita PrefectureDaisenJapan
| | - Akihiro Konuma
- Department of Business Development, National Agricultural Research Organization, Tsukuba, JapanDepartment of Business Development, National Agricultural Research OrganizationTsukubaJapan
| | - Ken Nakada
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tottori Prefecture, Higashimachi, JapanDepartment of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tottori PrefectureHigashimachiJapan
| | - Suguru Nakamura
- Fukushima Agricultural Technology Centre, Fruit Tree Research Centre, Fukushima, JapanFukushima Agricultural Technology Centre, Fruit Tree Research CentreFukushimaJapan
| | - Nobuo Sawamura
- Shimane Agricultural Technology Center, Izumo, JapanShimane Agricultural Technology CenterIzumoJapan
| | - Shoji Sonoda
- School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, JapanSchool of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiyaJapan
| | - Masahiro Sueyoshi
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Tsukuba, JapanForestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management OrganizationTsukubaJapan
| | - Seishi Toda
- Tea Research Insutitute, Kumamoto Prefecture, Mifune, JapanTea Research Insutitute, Kumamoto PrefectureMifuneJapan
| | - Katsuhiko Yaginuma
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Morioka, JapanInstitute of Fruit Tree and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationMoriokaJapan
| | - Shunsuke Yamamoto
- Eastern Shimane Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Promotion Center, Izumo, JapanEastern Shimane Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Promotion CenterIzumoJapan
| | - Koki Yoshida
- Fukushima Agricultural Technology Centre, Koriyama, JapanFukushima Agricultural Technology CentreKoriyamaJapan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokoi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanFaculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Masatoshi Toyama
- Institute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, JapanInstitute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTsukubaJapan
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19
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Ding B, Feng L, Ba S, Jiang X, Liu G, Liu W. Temperature drives elevational diversity patterns of different types of organisms in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau wetlands. iScience 2023; 26:107252. [PMID: 37502256 PMCID: PMC10368813 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatial pattern and driving mechanism of biodiversity along elevational gradients are key topics in ecology. However, it is still unclear whether the multidimensional diversity of different types of organisms shows a similar response to elevation changes. Here, we measured the species and phylogenetic diversity of plants, bacteria, fungi, and microbial functional groups (nitrifiers, denitrifiers, methanogens, and methanotrophs) in 36 wetland sites on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that both species and phylogenetic diversity of plants, bacteria, and fungi exhibited a significant elevational gradient, in direct contrast to no significant diversity changes observed for denitrifiers, methanogens, and methanotrophs along the same altitude gradient. Our findings suggest that elevation and temperature were more likely to associate with the diversity of plants, bacteria, and fungi than the diversity of microbial functional groups, with important implications for assessing the effect of ongoing climate warming on biodiversity in Qinghai-Tibetan alpine wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangjing Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lian Feng
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
- Center for Carbon Neutrality in the Earth’s Third Pole, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Sang Ba
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
- Center for Carbon Neutrality in the Earth’s Third Pole, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Xiaoliang Jiang
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production of Rare Earths, Chinese Academy of Science, Ganzhou 321119, China
| | - Guihua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenzhi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Hughes LJ, Massam MR, Morton O, Edwards FA, Scheffers BR, Edwards DP. Global hotspots of traded phylogenetic and functional diversity. Nature 2023; 620:351-357. [PMID: 37495700 PMCID: PMC10412452 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Wildlife trade is a multibillion-dollar industry1 targeting a hyperdiversity of species2 and can contribute to major declines in abundance3. A key question is understanding the global hotspots of wildlife trade for phylogenetic (PD) and functional (FD) diversity, which underpin the conservation of evolutionary history4, ecological functions5 and ecosystem services benefiting humankind6. Using a global dataset of traded bird and mammal species, we identify that the highest levels of traded PD and FD are from tropical regions, where high numbers of evolutionary distinct and globally endangered species in trade occur. The standardized effect size (ses) of traded PD and FD also shows strong tropical epicentres, with additional hotspots of mammalian ses.PD in the eastern United States and ses.FD in Europe. Large-bodied, frugivorous and canopy-dwelling birds and large-bodied mammals are more likely to be traded whereas insectivorous birds and diurnally foraging mammals are less likely. Where trade drives localized extinctions3, our results suggest substantial losses of unique evolutionary lineages and functional traits, with possible cascading effects for communities and ecosystems5,7. Avoiding unsustainable exploitation and lost community integrity requires targeted conservation efforts, especially in hotspots of traded phylogenetic and functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam J Hughes
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mike R Massam
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Oscar Morton
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Felicity A Edwards
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Brett R Scheffers
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David P Edwards
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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Morizet-Davis J, Marting Vidaurre NA, Reinmuth E, Rezaei-Chiyaneh E, Schlecht V, Schmidt S, Singh K, Vargas-Carpintero R, Wagner M, von Cossel M. Ecosystem Services at the Farm Level-Overview, Synergies, Trade-Offs, and Stakeholder Analysis. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2023; 7:2200225. [PMID: 37483416 PMCID: PMC10362122 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202200225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The current geological epoch is characterized by anthropogenic activity that greatly impacts on natural ecosystems and their integrity. The complex networks of ecosystem services (ESs) are often ignored because the provision of natural resources, such as food and industrial crops, is mistakenly viewed as an independent process separate from ecosystems and ignoring the impacts on ecosystems. Recently, research has intensified on how to evaluate and manage ES to minimize environmental impacts, but it remains unclear how to balance anthropogenic activity and ecosystem integrity. This paper reviews the main ESs at farm level including provisioning, regulating, habitat, and cultural services. For these ESs, synergies are outlined and evaluated along with the respective practices (e.g., cover- and intercropping) and ES suppliers (e.g., pollinators and biocontrol agents). Further, several farm-level ES trade-offs are discussed along with a proposal for their evaluation. Finally, a framework for stakeholder approaches specific to farm-level ES is put forward, along with an outlook on how existing precision agriculture technologies can be adapted for improved assessment of ES bundles. This is believed to provide a useful framework for both decision makers and stakeholders to facilitate the development of more sustainable and resilient farming systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Morizet-Davis
- Biobased Resources in the Bioeconomy (340b) Institute of Crop Science University of Hohenheim 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Nirvana A Marting Vidaurre
- Biobased Resources in the Bioeconomy (340b) Institute of Crop Science University of Hohenheim 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Evelyn Reinmuth
- Biobased Resources in the Bioeconomy (340b) Institute of Crop Science University of Hohenheim 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | | | - Valentin Schlecht
- Biobased Resources in the Bioeconomy (340b) Institute of Crop Science University of Hohenheim 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Susanne Schmidt
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences University of Queensland The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 QLD Australia
| | - Kripal Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Andong National University Andong 36729 Republic of Korea
| | - Ricardo Vargas-Carpintero
- Biobased Resources in the Bioeconomy (340b) Institute of Crop Science University of Hohenheim 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Moritz Wagner
- Department of Applied Ecology Hochschule Geisenheim University 65366 Geisenheim Germany
| | - Moritz von Cossel
- Biobased Resources in the Bioeconomy (340b) Institute of Crop Science University of Hohenheim 70599 Stuttgart Germany
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22
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Pie MR, Caron FS, Dallimore T, Einzmann H, Hietz P, Kessler M, Ramos FN, Elias JPC, Kreft H, Krömer T, Higuita MJC, Zuleta D, Machado G, de Gasper AL, Zotz G, Mendieta Leiva G, Jimenez-Lopez DA, Mendes AF, Brancalion P, Mortara S, Blum CT, Irume MV, Martínez-Meléndez Nayely N, Benavides AM, Boelter CR, Batke S. Phylogenetic diversity and the structure of host-epiphyte interactions across the Neotropics. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15500. [PMID: 37361043 PMCID: PMC10286801 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms driving community assembly has been a major focus of ecological research for nearly a century, yet little is known about these mechanisms in commensal communities, particularly with respect to their historical/evolutionary components. Here, we use a large-scale dataset of 4,440 vascular plant species to explore the relationship between the evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) (as measured by the 'species evolutionary history' (SEH)) of host species and the phylogenetic diversity (PD) of their associated epiphyte species. Although there was considerable variation across hosts and their associated epiphyte species, they were largely unrelated to host SEH. Our results mostly support the idea that the determinants of epiphyte colonization success might involve host characteristics that are unrelated to host SEH (e.g., architectural differences between hosts). While determinants of PD of epiphyte assemblages are poorly known, they do not appear to be related to the evolutionary history of host species. Instead, they might be better explained by neutral processes of colonization and extinction. However, the high level of phylogenetic signal in epiphyte PD (independent of SEH) suggests it might still be influenced by yet unrecognized evolutionary determinants. This study highlights how little is still known about the phylogenetic determinants of epiphyte communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio R. Pie
- Biology Department, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Fernanda S. Caron
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Thom Dallimore
- Biology Department, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
- World Museum, National Museums Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Einzmann
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Peter Hietz
- Institute of Botany, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Kessler
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Nunes Ramos
- Instituto de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Brasil
| | | | - Holger Kreft
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Daniel Zuleta
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Giesta Machado
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau, Brazil
| | - André Luís de Gasper
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Gerhard Zotz
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
| | | | - Derio Antonio Jimenez-Lopez
- Programa de doctorado en Ciencias, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Alex Fernando Mendes
- Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sara Mortara
- International Institute for Sustainability IIS-Rio, Rio, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Victória Irume
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Amazônia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carlos Renato Boelter
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Amazônia, Brazil
| | - Sven Batke
- Biology Department, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
- Centro Zamorano de Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ambiente y Desarrollo, Escuela Agricola Panamericana, Francisco Morazan, Honduras
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23
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Molleman F, Rossignol N, Ponge JF, Peres G, Cluzeau D, Ruiz-Camacho N, Cortet J, Pernin C, Villenave C, Prinzing A. Why phylogenetic signal of traits is important in ecosystems: uniformity of a plant trait increases soil fauna, but only in a phylogenetically uniform vegetation. Oecologia 2023; 202:175-191. [PMID: 37204497 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05384-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetically closely related plant species often share similar trait states (phylogenetic signal), but local assembly may favor dissimilar relatives and thereby decouple the diversity of a trait from the diversity of phylogenetic lineages. Associated fauna might either benefit from plant trait diversity, because it provides them complementary resources, or suffer from it due to dilution of preferred resources. We hence hypothesize that decoupling of trait and phylogenetic diversity weakens the relationship between the plant-trait diversity and the abundance and diversity of associated fauna. Studying permanent meadows, we tested for combined effects of plant phylogenetic diversity and diversity of two functional traits (specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content) on major groups of soil fauna (earthworms, mites, springtails, nematodes). We found that only in phylogenetically uniform plant communities, was uniformity in the functional traits associated with (i) high abundance in springtails, and (ii) high abundance of the sub-group that feeds more directly on plant material (in springtails and mites) or those that are more prone to disturbance (in nematodes), and (iii) high diversity in all three groups tested (springtails, earthworms, nematodes). Our results suggest that soil fauna profits from the resource concentration in local plant communities that are uniform in both functional traits and phylogenetic lineages. Soil fauna would hence benefit from co-occurrence of closely related plants that have conserved the same trait values, rather than of distantly related plants that have converged in traits. This might result in faster decomposition and a positive feedback between trait conservatism and ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Molleman
- Department of Systematic Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - N Rossignol
- Université de Rennes 1/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Research Unit 'Ecobio-Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution', Campus Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14 A, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - J F Ponge
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7179, 4 avenue du Petit Château, 91800, Brunoy, France
| | - G Peres
- UMR SAS INRAE Institut Agro Rennes-Angers, 65 Rue de St-Brieuc, 35042, Rennes, France
| | - D Cluzeau
- Université de Rennes 1/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Research Unit 'Ecobio-Ecosystemes, Biodiversite, Evolution', Station Biologique, 35380, Paimpont, France
| | - N Ruiz-Camacho
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche, 50, avenue Daumesnil, 75012, Paris, France
| | - J Cortet
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, Université de Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, Route de Mende, 34199, Montpellier, France
| | - C Pernin
- Université de Lille, Institut Mines-Télécom, Université Artois, Junia, ULR 4515-LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et geo-Environnement, 59000, Lille, France
| | - C Villenave
- ELISOL environnement, ZA des Tourels, 10 avenue du midi, 30111, Congénies, France
| | - A Prinzing
- Université de Rennes 1/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Research Unit 'Ecobio-Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution', Campus Beaulieu, Bâtiment 14 A, 35042, Rennes, France
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Ceron K, Sales LP, Santana DJ, Pires MM. Decoupled responses of biodiversity facets driven from anuran vulnerability to climate and land‐use changes. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:869-882. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.14207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Busch MH, Allen DC, Marske KA, Kuczynski L. The only lasting truth is change: multiple dimensions of biodiversity show historical legacy effects in community assembly processes of freshwater fish. OIKOS 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle H. Busch
- Geographical Ecology Group, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, Dept of Biology, Dodge Family College of Arts and Sciences, Univ. of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
| | - Daniel C. Allen
- Geographical Ecology Group, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, Dept of Biology, Dodge Family College of Arts and Sciences, Univ. of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
- Dept of Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State Univ. University Park PA USA
| | - Katharine A. Marske
- Geographical Ecology Group, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, Dept of Biology, Dodge Family College of Arts and Sciences, Univ. of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
| | - Lucie Kuczynski
- Geographical Ecology Group, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, Dept of Biology, Dodge Family College of Arts and Sciences, Univ. of Oklahoma Norman OK USA
- Inst. for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Univ. of Oldenburg Wilhelmshaven Germany
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26
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Guo H, Zhou XB, Tao Y, Yin JF, Zhang L, Guo X, Liu CH, Zhang YM. Perennial herb diversity contributes more than annual herb diversity to multifunctionality in dryland ecosystems of North-western China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1099110. [PMID: 36890885 PMCID: PMC9986965 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1099110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considerable attention has been given to how different aspects of biodiversity sustain ecosystem functions. Herbs are a critical component of the plant community of dryland ecosystems, but the importance of different life form groups of herbs is often overlooked in experiments on biodiversity-ecosystem multifunctionality. Hence, little is known about how the multiple attributes of diversity of different life form groups of herbs affect changes to the multifunctionality of ecosystems. METHODS We investigated geographic patterns of herb diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality along a precipitation gradient of 2100 km in Northwest China, and assessed the taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional attributes of different life form groups of herbs on the multifunctionality. RESULTS We found that subordinate (richness effect) species of annual herbs and dominant (mass ratio effect) species of perennial herbs were crucial for driving multifunctionality. Most importantly, the multiple attributes (taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional) of herb diversity enhanced the multifunctionality. The functional diversity of herbs provided greater explanatory power than did taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity. In addition, the multiple attribute diversity of perennial herbs contributed more than annual herbs to multifunctionality. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insights into previously neglected mechanisms by which the diversity of different life form groups of herbs affect ecosystem multifunctionality. These results provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between biodiversity and multifunctionality, and will ultimately contribute to multifunctional conservation and restoration programs in dryland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-bing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-fei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuan-ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Urban Bird Community Assembly Mechanisms and Driving Factors in University Campuses in Nanjing, China. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040673. [PMID: 36830459 PMCID: PMC9952131 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
University campuses are important components of cities, harboring the majority of urban biodiversity. In this study, based on monthly bird survey data covering 12 university campuses located either downtown or in the newly developed areas in Nanjing, China, in 2019, we studied the assembly processes of each campus's bird population and their main drivers by modeling a set of ecological and landscape determinants. Our results showed that (1) bird abundance and species diversity in the newly developed areas were significantly higher than in those downtown; (2) the phylogeny of bird communities in all universities followed a pattern of aggregation, indicating that environmental filtering played a major role in community assembly; (3) specifically, grass, water, and buildings were the main factors affecting each campus's bird community's functional and phylogenetic diversity, with the areas of grass and water habitats having a significant positive correlation with phylogenetic diversity, while the size of building areas was negatively correlated. Our results emphasize that habitat features play a decisive role in determining urban bird population diversity and community assembly processes. We suggest that increasing landscape diversity, e.g., by reasonably arranging the location and area of water bodies and grasslands and improving the landscape connectivity, could be a powerful way to maintain and promote urban bird diversity.
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29
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Guo H, Zhou X, Tao Y, Yin J, Zhang L, Guo X, Liu C, Lin Y, Zhang Y. Precipitation preferences alter the relative importance of herbaceous plant diversity for multifunctionality in the drylands of China. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1084949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMultiple components of biodiversity are excellent predictors of precipitation-induced changes in ecosystem function. However, the importance of differing scales (alpha versus beta) is usually overlooked in biodiversity–ecosystem multifunctionality studies. Consequently, little is known about how precipitation regulates the relationship between multifunctionality and multiple components of alpha and beta diversity.AimsWe investigated geographic patterns of herbaceous plant diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality along a precipitation gradient spanning more than 2010 km in Northwest China.MethodsWe assessed the effects of herbaceous species, phylogenetic, and functional components at different scales on multifunctionality in drylands.ResultsThe alpha diversity of species and functional beta diversity were key components explaining the variation in multifunctionality. As the main environmental factor, MAP (mean annual precipitation) affected multifunctionality by changing the mediating variables (i.e., species alpha and functional beta diversity). More importantly, a certain precipitation threshold was detected for the relationship of multifunctionality to species alpha and functional beta diversity. MAPs of approximately 158 mm and 140 mm modulated this relationship (shifting it from uncorrelated to significantly correlated).ConclusionsOur findings provide insights into previously neglected mechanisms by which diversity in herbaceous layers at different scales affects ecosystem multifunctionality. It is highlighted that MAP regulates the relationship between diversity and multifunctionality in dryland ecosystems at different scales. Further, diversity may have substantial consequences for multifunctionality where MAP is higher. These empirical results provide a comprehensive understanding of the biodiversity–multifunctionality relationship in the context of precipitation, ultimately contributing to conservation and restoration programs for multifunctionality in drylands.
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Dai W, Ye J, Xue Q, Liu S, Xu H, Liu M, Lin Z. Changes in Bacterial Communities of Kumamoto Oyster Larvae During Their Early Development and Following Vibrio Infection Resulting in a Mass Mortality Event. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:30-44. [PMID: 36370246 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio and Ostreid herpesvirus 1 are responsible for mass mortalities of oyster larvae in hatcheries. Relevant works have focused on their relationships with the disease when larval mortality occurs. On the contrary, little is known about how the resident microbiota in oyster larvae responds to Vibrio-infected disease causing mortality as the disease progressed, whereas this knowledge is fundamental to unveil the etiology of the disease. Here, we analyzed the temporal succession of the microbiome of Kumamoto oyster (Crassostrea sikamea) larvae during their early development, accompanied by a Vibrio-caused mortality event that occurred at the post D-stage of larval development in a shellfish hatchery in Ningbo, China, on June 2020. The main causative agent of larval mortality was attributable to Vibrio infection, which was confirmed by linearly increased Vibrio abundance over disease progression. Larval bacterial communities dramatically changed over host development and disease progression, as highlighted by reduced α-diversity and less diverse core taxa when the disease occurred. Null model and phylogenetic-based mean nearest taxon distance analyses showed that the relative importance of deterministic processes governing larval bacterial assembly initially increased over host development, whereas this dominance was depleted over disease progression. Furthermore, we screened the disease-discriminatory taxa with a significant change in their relative abundances, which could be indicative of disease progression. In addition, network analysis revealed that disease occurrence remodeled the co-occurrence patterns and niche characteristics of larval microbiota. Our findings demonstrate that the dysbiosis of resident bacterial communities and the shift of microecological mechanisms in the larval microbiome may contribute to mortality during oyster early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Dai
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qinggang Xue
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Sheng Liu
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hongqiang Xu
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Minhai Liu
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China.
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Weigel B, Kotamäki N, Malve O, Vuorio K, Ovaskainen O. Macrosystem community change in lake phytoplankton and its implications for diversity and function. GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY : A JOURNAL OF MACROECOLOGY 2023; 32:295-309. [PMID: 37081858 PMCID: PMC10107180 DOI: 10.1111/geb.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aim We use lake phytoplankton community data to quantify the spatio-temporal and scale-dependent impacts of eutrophication, land-use and climate change on species niches and community assembly processes while accounting for species traits and phylogenetic constraints. Location Finland. Time period 1977-2017. Major taxa Phytoplankton. Methods We use hierarchical modelling of species communities (HMSC) to model metacommunity trajectories at 853 lakes over four decades of environmental change, including a hierarchical spatial structure to account for scale-dependent processes. Using a "region of common profile" approach, we evaluate compositional changes of species communities and trait profiles and investigate their temporal development. Results We demonstrate the emergence of novel and widespread community composition clusters in previously more compositionally homogeneous communities, with cluster-specific community trait profiles, indicating functional differences. A strong phylogenetic signal of species responses to the environment implies similar responses among closely related taxa. Community cluster-specific species prevalence indicates lower taxonomic dispersion within the current dominant clusters compared with the historically dominant cluster and an overall higher prevalence of smaller species sizes within communities. Our findings denote profound spatio-temporal structuring of species co-occurrence patterns and highlight functional differences of lake phytoplankton communities. Main conclusions Diverging community trajectories have led to a nationwide reshuffling of lake phytoplankton communities. At regional and national scales, lakes are not single entities but metacommunity hubs in an interconnected waterscape. The assembly mechanisms of phytoplankton communities are strongly structured by spatio-temporal dynamics, which have led to novel community types, but only a minor part of this reshuffling could be linked to temporal environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Weigel
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Olli Malve
- Finnish Environment InstituteHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Otso Ovaskainen
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of BiologyNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- Department of Biological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland
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32
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Swan CM, Sparkman A. The role of functional and phylogenetic diversity in riparian tree vegetation on leaf litter breakdown in rivers. OIKOS 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Swan
- Dept of Geography & Environmental Systems, Univ. of Maryland, Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA
- Center for Urban Environmental Research and Education, Univ. of Maryland, Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA
| | - April Sparkman
- Dept of Geography & Environmental Systems, Univ. of Maryland, Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA
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33
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Yuan S, Miao K, Qian R, Zhao Y, Hu D, Hu C, Chang Q. The role of landscape in shaping bird community and implications for landscape management at Nanjing Lukou International Airport. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9646. [PMID: 36620403 PMCID: PMC9817198 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the patterns of bird diversity and its driving force is necessary for bird strike prevention. In this study, we investigated the effects of landscape on phylogenetic and functional diversity of bird communities at Nanjing Lukou International Airport (NLIA). Bird identifications and counting of individuals were carried out from November 2017 to October 2019. Based on the land-cover data, the landscape was divided into four main types, including farmlands, woodlands, wetlands, and urban areas. Bird phylogenetic and functional diversity were strongly affected by landscape matrix types. Species richness and Faith's phylogenetic distance were highest in woodlands, while mean pairwise distance (MPD), mean nearest-taxon distance (MNTD), and functional dispersion (FDis) were highest in wetlands. Based on the feeding behavior, carnivorous birds had the lowest species richness but had the highest FDis, which implied that carnivorous birds occupied most niches at the NLIA. Moreover, bird assemblages exhibited phylogenetic and functional clustering in the four kinds of landscapes. A variety of landscape attributes had significant effects on species diversity, phylogenetic and functional diversity. Landscape-scale factors played an important role in the shaping of bird communities around NLIA. Our results suggest that landscape management surrounding airports can provide new approaches for policymakers to mitigate wildlife strikes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Keer Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ruen Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Zhao
- Nanjing Lukou International AirportNanjingChina
| | - Dongfang Hu
- Nanjing Lukou International AirportNanjingChina
| | - Chaochao Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina,Analytical and Testing CenterNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qing Chang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
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34
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Changes in Phylogenetic and Functional Diversity of Ciliates along the Course of a Mediterranean Karstic River. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122493. [PMID: 36557746 PMCID: PMC9783291 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciliates are a group of phagotrophic protists found in a wide variety of ecosystems. This study builds on recent studies of ciliates in the Krka river and investigates changes in the phylogenetic and functional diversity of ciliates in biofilm to predict the phylogenetic and functional structure of ciliates in other karstic rivers. Biofilm samples were collected from four representative locations: upstream (Krka spring), midstream (Marasovine), and downstream (Roški slap, Skradinski buk) of the Krka river to test for differences in phylogenetic and functional diversity of ciliates in relation to location and positioning on tufa stones (light/dark-exposed side of tufa stone). Our results showed that Krka spring had higher phylogenetic species variability, lower phylogenetic diversity, and lower functional richness than Skradinski buk, suggesting phylogenetic overdispersal at Krka spring. This could be due to environmental filtering, competitive exclusion, or a combination of these factors. As the first study of its kind in the Mediterranean, our results shed light on the phylogenetic and functional diversity of ciliates in karst ecosystems and provide a basis for future ecological and conservation efforts.
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35
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Bitomský M, Kobrlová L, Hroneš M, Duchoslav M. Plant functional groups and phylogenetic regularity control plant community bioelement composition through calcium and magnesium. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bitomský
- Dept of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Palacký Univ. Olomouc Czech Republic
- Inst. of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
| | | | - Michal Hroneš
- Dept of Botany, Palacký Univ. Olomouc Czech Republic
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36
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Vaccaro AS, Filloy J. Factors underlying bird community assembly in anthropogenic habitats depend on the biome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19804. [PMID: 36396682 PMCID: PMC9672092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Production activities drive the replacement of original habitats with artificial ones, leading to new bird assemblages. In this study, we assessed if anthropogenic habitats acted as environmental filters causing functional redundancy or as promoters of functional divergence, depending on the biome. We also investigated if functional patterns derived from phylogenetic convergence or clustering. For this purpose, we computed the standardized effect sizes (SES) for avian functional and phylogenetic diversity using null models and compared the SES values among tree plantations, urban settlements (US), cattle pastures (CP), crop fields (CF) and natural habitats from two biomes: grassland and forest. We used generalized least squares models to test if functional and phylogenetic SES indicated functional redundancy or divergence, and phylogenetic convergence or clustering. We found functional redundancy in grassland and functional divergence in forest associated with environmental filtering and competitive exclusion, respectively. In grassland, functional structure was not associated with a clear phylogenetic pattern, while in forest functional divergence was caused by evolutionary convergence in CF and CP and conservation in US. The prevalences of functional redundancy and functional divergence patterns and their associated predominant mechanism of community assembly were found to depend on the biome and the regional species pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahí S. Vaccaro
- grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Piso 4, C1428EGA CA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Filloy
- grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Piso 4, C1428EGA CA Buenos Aires, Argentina
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37
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Machado FF, Jardim L, Dinnage R, Brito D, Cardillo M. Diet disparity and diversity predict extinction risk in primates. Anim Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. F. Machado
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | - L. Jardim
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia em Ecologia, Evolução e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | - R. Dinnage
- Macroevolution and Macroecology Group, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment Florida International University Miami FL USA
| | - D. Brito
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | - M. Cardillo
- Macroevolution and Macroecology Group, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
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38
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Stochastic Processes Drive Plant Community Assembly in Alpine Grassland during the Restoration Period. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14100832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Enclosure (prohibition of grazing) is an important process to restore alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. However, few studies have quantified the extent to which the long-term enclosure may contribute to the changes in plant phylogenetic diversity and community assembly in alpine grassland under environmental change. In this study, based on an 11-year fencing experiment along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 4400 m to 5200 m in central Tibet, we conducted an observation of species composition and coverage within and outside the fences in the fifth, eighth and eleventh year, and monitored the related climate and soil factors at 7 sites. Our aim is to quantify the relative effects of environmental change and grassland management on the alpine plant community assemblage. The results were: (1) the overall phylogenetic structure (NRI) of the alpine plant communities, whether inside or outside the enclosure, was divergent at altitudes where the environment was relatively unextreme (4800–5100 m), but aggregative at altitudes with low precipitation (4400–4650 m) or with low temperature (5200 m). (2) The phylogenetic structure of the nearest taxon of species (NTI) was more aggregative along the whole gradient. (3) Precipitation was the dominant factor driving the changes in species richness, phylogenetic diversity and community α-phylogenetic structure indices (NRI and NTI), followed by enclosure duration and soil C:N ratio. (4) The phylogenetic structure of the communities was similar at higher altitudes under grazing or enclosure treatments, and was opposite at lower sites. Stochastic processes have driven the changes in the communities between inside and outside the fences at all altitudes. In addition, homogeneous dispersal occurred in communities at higher sites. In summary, the 11-year enclosure had little effect on community structure of alpine meadows where the grazing pressure is relative lower, whereas it could help restore the community of steppe meadow at lower altitudes where the grazing pressure is extensively higher. This study may provide a vital theoretical support for the formulation of differential management for alpine grassland on the Tibetan Plateau.
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Miranda Cebrián H, Font X, Roquet C, Pizarro Gavilán M, García MB. Phylogenetic patterns of rarity and vulnerability in the flora of a temperate mountain range. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xavier Font
- Plant Biodiversity Resource Centre, Univ. of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Cristina Roquet
- Dept de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal I Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
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40
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Ye F, Hong Y, Wu J, Yi X, Op den Camp HJM, Moore SS, Vamerali T, Wang Y. Succession of soil microbial community in a developing mid-channel bar: The role of environmental disturbance and plant community. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:970529. [PMID: 36060763 PMCID: PMC9428583 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.970529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Succession of microbial and plant communities is crucial for the development and the stability of soil ecological functions. The relative role of plant communities and environmental disturbance in shaping the microbial community in a newly established habitat remains unclear. In this study, a mid-channel bar (MCB) exposed to an environmental disturbance gradient in the Yangtze River was studied to explore the effects of such disturbance and plant community traits on the succession of the soil microbial community. Bulk and rhizospheric soils were collected from the MCB and classified according to their level of exposure to environmental disturbance: head, central and tail. These subsequently underwent high-throughput sequencing and interdomain ecological network (IDEN) analysis to identify and characterize the predominant microbial groups present in the soils at each disturbance level. Furthermore, at each site, the presence and distribution of the plant community was also noted. The present study demonstrated that both bulk soil nutrients and plant community exhibited significant spatial distribution dependent on the level of disturbance and this influenced the composition of the microbial community. In less eroded parts of the MCB, i.e., the central, nutrients accumulated, promoting growths of plants. This in turn encouraged a more diverse microbial community, dominated by the bacterial genus Pseudarthrobacter. Plant showed a stronger association with bulk soil microbial communities compared to rhizosphere soil microbial communities. Particularly, Triarrhena sacchariflora and Hemarthria altissima, present in sites of low disturbance, exhibiting a more extensive plant-microbe association. They thus played a key role in shaping the soil microbial community. In general, however, plant species did not directly determine the composition of the bacterial community, but instead altered the nutritive state of the soil to promote microbial growth. Such findings are of significant value for conservation practices of newly formed ecosystems, which requires an integrated understanding of the role of environmental disturbance and plants on soil microbial community assemblage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiguo Hong
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiapeng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Yi
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Yi,
| | - Huub J. M. Op den Camp
- Department of Microbiology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Selina Sterup Moore
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Teofilo Vamerali
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Yu Wang,
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41
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Voskamp A, Hof C, Biber MF, Böhning-Gaese K, Hickler T, Niamir A, Willis SG, Fritz SA. Projected climate change impacts on the phylogenetic diversity of the world's terrestrial birds: more than species numbers. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20212184. [PMID: 35855601 PMCID: PMC9297013 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ongoing climate change is a major threat to biodiversity. As abiotic tolerances and dispersal abilities vary, species-specific responses have the potential to further amplify or ameliorate the ensuing impacts on species assemblages. Here, we investigate the effects of climate change on species distributions across non-marine birds, quantifying its projected impact on species richness (SR) as well as on different aspects of phylogenetic diversity globally. Going beyond previous work, we disentangle the potential impacts of species gains versus losses on assemblage-level phylogenetic diversity under climate change and compare the projected impacts to randomized assemblage changes. We show that beyond its effects on SR, climate change could have profound impacts on assemblage-level phylogenetic diversity and composition, which differ significantly from random changes and among regions. Though marked species losses are most frequent in tropical and subtropical areas in our projections, phylogenetic restructuring of species communities is likely to occur all across the globe. Furthermore, our results indicate that the most severe changes to the phylogenetic diversity of local assemblages are likely to be caused by species range shifts and local species gains rather than range reductions and extinctions. Our findings highlight the importance of considering diverse measures in climate impact assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alke Voskamp
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Hof
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Matthias F. Biber
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Katrin Böhning-Gaese
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany,Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Hickler
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany,Institute of Physical Geography, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Aidin Niamir
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Susanne A. Fritz
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany,Institut für Geowissenschaften, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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Radaic A, Brody H, Contreras F, Hajfathalian M, Lucido L, Kamarajan P, Kapila YL. Nisin and Nisin Probiotic Disrupt Oral Pathogenic Biofilms and Restore Their Microbiome Composition towards Healthy Control Levels in a Peri-Implantitis Setting. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1336. [PMID: 35889055 PMCID: PMC9324437 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is characterized by chronic inflammation of the peri-implant supporting tissues that progressively and irreversibly leads to bone loss and, consequently, implant loss. Similar to periodontal disease, oral dysbiosis is thought to be a driver of peri-implantitis. However, managing peri-implantitis with traditional treatment methods, such as nonsurgical debridement or surgery, is not always successful. Thus, novel strategies have been proposed to address these shortcomings. One strategy is the use of probiotics as antimicrobial agents since they are considered safe for humans and the environment. Specifically, the probiotic Lactococcus lactis produces nisin, which has been used worldwide for food preservation. The objective of this study was to determine whether nisin and the wild-type (WT) nisin-producing L. lactis probiotic can disrupt oral pathogenic biofilms and promote a healthier oral microbiome within these oral biofilms on titanium discs. Using confocal imaging and 16S rRNA sequencing, this study revealed that nisin and WT L. lactis probiotic disrupt oral pathogenic biofilms in a peri-implantitis setting in vitro. More specifically, nisin decreased the viability of the pathogen-spiked biofilms dose-dependently from 62.53 ± 3.69% to 54.26 ± 3.35% and 44.88 ± 2.98%, respectively. Similarly, 105 CFU/mL of WT L. lactis significantly decreased biofilm viability to 52.45 ± 3.41%. Further, both treatments shift the composition, relative abundance, and diversity levels of these biofilms towards healthy control levels. A total of 1 µg/mL of nisin and 103 CFU/mL of WT L. lactis were able to revert the pathogen-mediated changes in the Proteobacteria (from 80.5 ± 2.9% to 75.6 ± 2.0%, 78.0 ± 2.8%, and 75.1 ± 5.3%, respectively) and Firmicutes (from 11.6 ± 1.6% to 15.4 ± 1.3%, 13.8 ± 1.8%, and 13.7 ± 2.6%, respectively) phyla back towards control levels. Thus, nisin and its nisin-producing L. lactis probiotic may be useful in treating peri-implantitis by promoting healthier oral biofilms, which may be useful for improving patient oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Radaic
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.R.); (H.B.); (F.C.); (M.H.); (L.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Hanna Brody
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.R.); (H.B.); (F.C.); (M.H.); (L.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Fernando Contreras
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.R.); (H.B.); (F.C.); (M.H.); (L.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Maryam Hajfathalian
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.R.); (H.B.); (F.C.); (M.H.); (L.L.); (P.K.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Luke Lucido
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.R.); (H.B.); (F.C.); (M.H.); (L.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.R.); (H.B.); (F.C.); (M.H.); (L.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Yvonne L. Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; (A.R.); (H.B.); (F.C.); (M.H.); (L.L.); (P.K.)
- Division of Oral and Systemic Health Sciences, Sections of Biosystems and Function and Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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43
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Oliveira BF, Moore FC, Dong X. Biodiversity mediates ecosystem sensitivity to climate variability. Commun Biol 2022; 5:628. [PMID: 35761028 PMCID: PMC9237054 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03573-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A rich body of evidence from local-scale experiments and observational studies has revealed stabilizing effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. However, whether these effects emerge across entire regions and continents remains largely overlooked. Here we combine data on the distribution of more than 57,500 plant species and remote-sensing observations throughout the entire Western Hemisphere to investigate the role of multiple facets of plant diversity (species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity) in mediating the sensitivity of ecosystems to climate variability at the regional-scale over the past 20 years. We show that, across multiple biomes, regions of greater plant diversity exhibit lower sensitivity (more stable over time) to temperature variability at the interannual and seasonal-scales. While these areas can display lower sensitivity to interannual variability in precipitation, they emerge as highly sensitive to precipitation seasonality. Conserving landscapes of greater diversity may help stabilize ecosystem functioning under climate change, possibly securing the continuous provisions of productivity-related ecosystem service to people. With the help of spatial autoregressive models, the relationship between multiple facets of plant biodiversity and ecosystem sensitivity to climate variability is explored on a landscape-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunno F Oliveira
- Environmental Science and Policy Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA. .,Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB), FRB, Montpellier, France.
| | - Frances C Moore
- Environmental Science and Policy Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- Environmental Science and Policy Department, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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44
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Mota NM, Gastauer M, Carrión JF, Meira-Neto JAA. Roads as conduits of functional and phylogenetic degradation in Caatinga. Trop Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42965-022-00245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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45
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Guo W, Hu Z, Lin B, Kuang Y, Cao H, Wang C. Nest site selection and breeding ecology of the red-billed blue magpie Urocissa erythrorhyncha in central China. ANIM BIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1163/15707563-bja10076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
While knowledge on birds’ breeding ecology is essential for understanding avian adaptation and managing conservation, it is poorly studied for many species, even for some common species. The knowledge of the natural history of the red-billed blue magpie (Urocissa erythrorhyncha), a species widely distributed in China and Southeast Asia, is sketchy. Here we present detailed data of nest site selection and the breeding ecology of red-billed blue magpie in central China, and of the effects of nest predation and brood parasitism on reproductive strategies. Most nests were built on Phyllostachys sulphurea and Quercus acutissima. Breeding season ranged from March to August. The first egg was laid between early April and late July. The incubation period lasted 15 days and the nestling period, 18 days. Average clutch size was 4.6 eggs, and brood size at fledging was 3.3 young. Overall, 43.8% of nesting attempts successfully produced at least one fledged young. Nest predation and brood parasitism were the two main reasons for fledging failure, which mainly occurred after April. Correspondingly, U. erythrorhyncha showed a tendency to build nests higher up and have a smaller clutch size in late stages of the breeding season. This study provides the first reliable and comprehensive information on the reproductive parameters of U. erythrorhyncha, which will lay a foundation for further understanding this species’ biology and opens up an avenue for large-scale comparative studies of the Urocissa genus or higher-level taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Zhiqing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Buge Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yuyang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Hanqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Changcao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
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46
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Zheng F, Mou X, Zhang J, Zhang T, Xia L, Yin S, Wu L, Leng X, An S, Zhao D. Gradual Enhancement of the Assemblage Stability of the Reed Rhizosphere Microbiome with Recovery Time. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050937. [PMID: 35630381 PMCID: PMC9146439 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoplane microbes are considered proxies for evaluating the assemblage stability of the rhizosphere in wetland ecosystems due to their roles in plant growth and ecosystem health. However, our knowledge of how microbial assemblage stability is promoted in the reed rhizosphere of wetlands undergoing recovery is limited. We investigated the assemblage stability, diversity, abundance, co-occurrence patterns, and functional characteristics of reed rhizosphere microbes in restored wetlands. The results indicated that assemblage stability significantly increased with recovery time and that the microbial assemblages were capable of resisting seasonal fluctuations after more than 20 years of restoration. The number of bacterial indicators was greater in the restoration groups with longer restoration periods. Most bacterial indicators appeared in the 30-year restoration group. However, the core taxa and keystone species of module 2 exhibited greater abundance within longer recovery periods and were well organized, with rich and diverse functions that enhanced microbial assemblage stability. Our study provides insight into the connection between the rhizosphere microbiome and recovery period and presents a useful theoretical basis for the empirical management of wetland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchao Zheng
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (F.Z.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaoming Mou
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (F.Z.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (F.Z.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Tiange Zhang
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (F.Z.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Lu Xia
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (F.Z.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Shenglai Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Lingye Wu
- Changshu Wetland Conservation and Management Station, Changshu 215500, China;
| | - Xin Leng
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (F.Z.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Shuqing An
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (F.Z.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.); (X.L.)
- Nanjing University Ecology Research Institute of Changshu, Changshu 215500, China
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (D.Z.)
| | - Dehua Zhao
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; (F.Z.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (L.X.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (D.Z.)
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47
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Li Z, Liu B, Chen Z, Mao D, Jiang X. Re-vegetation Improves Soil Quality by Decreasing Soil Conductivity and Altering Soil Microbial Communities: A Case Study of an Opencast Coal Mine in the Helan Mountains. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:833711. [PMID: 35432255 PMCID: PMC9005974 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.833711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities constitute a diverse genetic resource pool in the soil and are key indicators of soil health and quality. How re-vegetation affects soil microbial diversity and community composition at the dump of an opencast coal mine is largely unknown. Using high-throughput sequencing, we performed a comparative study of the bacterial and fungal communities from non-vegetated (bare land) soil and from areas re-vegetated by Astragalus laxmannii, Halogeton arachnoideus, and Artemisia desertorum at an opencast coal mine in the Helan Mountains in western China. These results indicated that re-vegetation significantly reduced soil conductivity. The soils re-vegetated by all three plant species showed greater richness of bacterial species than the bare land, and soils re-vegetated with A. desertorum and A. laxmannii showed significantly greater richness of fungal species than bare land. The bacterial and fungal β-diversity values differed significantly between vegetated and non-vegetated soil, and these differences were more pronounced for bacterial communities than for fungal communities. Re-vegetation significantly increased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota and decreased the relative abundance of Chloroflexi. The decreasing soil conductivity that occurred with re-vegetation was found to be an important environmental determinant of the soil microbial community. This study provides evidence that re-vegetation may enhance soil quality via decreasing soil conductivity and altering the soil microbial community, and A. laxmannii was found to be a more effective species than H. arachnoideus or A. desertorum with respect to decreasing soil conductivity and altering the soil microbial communities in the Opencast Coal Mine arid region. This work may provide a helpful guideline for selection of plant species for re-vegetation projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection of Agro-pastoral Ecotones in the Yellow River Basin, National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Bingru Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection of Agro-pastoral Ecotones in the Yellow River Basin, National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zifeng Chen
- China Coal Research Institute (CCRI), Beijing, China
| | - Dachuan Mao
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection of Agro-pastoral Ecotones in the Yellow River Basin, National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xingsheng Jiang
- Ningxia Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yinchuan, China
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48
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Ng LWK, Chisholm C, Carrasco LR, Darling ES, Guilhaumon F, Mooers AØ, Tucker CM, Winter M, Huang D. Prioritizing phylogenetic diversity to protect functional diversity of reef corals. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Linus W. K. Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Luis Roman Carrasco
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Centre for Nature‐based Climate Solutions National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | | | | | - Arne Ø. Mooers
- Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby Canada
| | - Caroline M. Tucker
- Environment, Ecology and Energy Program University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
| | - Marten Winter
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Leipzig Germany
| | - Danwei Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Centre for Nature‐based Climate Solutions National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum and Tropical Marine Science Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
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49
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Anderegg LDL, Griffith DM, Cavender-Bares J, Riley WJ, Berry JA, Dawson TE, Still CJ. Representing plant diversity in land models: An evolutionary approach to make "Functional Types" more functional. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2541-2554. [PMID: 34964527 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants are critical mediators of terrestrial mass and energy fluxes, and their structural and functional traits have profound impacts on local and global climate, biogeochemistry, biodiversity, and hydrology. Yet, Earth System Models (ESMs), our most powerful tools for predicting the effects of humans on the coupled biosphere-atmosphere system, simplify the incredible diversity of land plants into a handful of coarse categories of "Plant Functional Types" (PFTs) that often fail to capture ecological dynamics such as biome distributions. The inclusion of more realistic functional diversity is a recognized goal for ESMs, yet there is currently no consistent, widely accepted way to add diversity to models, that is, to determine what new PFTs to add and with what data to constrain their parameters. We review approaches to representing plant diversity in ESMs and draw on recent ecological and evolutionary findings to present an evolution-based functional type approach for further disaggregating functional diversity. Specifically, the prevalence of niche conservatism, or the tendency of closely related taxa to retain similar ecological and functional attributes through evolutionary time, reveals that evolutionary relatedness is a powerful framework for summarizing functional similarities and differences among plant types. We advocate that Plant Functional Types based on dominant evolutionary lineages ("Lineage Functional Types") will provide an ecologically defensible, tractable, and scalable framework for representing plant diversity in next-generation ESMs, with the potential to improve parameterization, process representation, and model benchmarking. We highlight how the importance of evolutionary history for plant function can unify the work of disparate fields to improve predictive modeling of the Earth system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander D L Anderegg
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Daniel M Griffith
- US Geological Survey Western Geographic Science Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA
- Department of Forest Ecosystems & Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeannine Cavender-Bares
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - William J Riley
- Climate & Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Joseph A Berry
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Todd E Dawson
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Christopher J Still
- Department of Forest Ecosystems & Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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50
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de Aguiar Silva C, Machado RB, Silveira M, Aguiar LMS. Listening in the dark: acoustics indices reveal bat species diversity in a tropical savannah. BIOACOUSTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09524622.2022.2053741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claysson de Aguiar Silva
- Department of Zoology, Laboratory of Biology and Conservation of Bats, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ricardo B. Machado
- Department of Zoology, Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation Planning, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Silveira
- Department of Zoology, Laboratory of Biology and Conservation of Bats, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ludmilla M. S. Aguiar
- Department of Zoology, Laboratory of Biology and Conservation of Bats, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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