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Lee J, Lho T, Lee J, Lee J, Chung SW. Influence of Frequent Corticosteroid Local Injections on the Expression of Genes and Proteins Related to Fatty Infiltration, Muscle Atrophy, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in Patients With Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears: A Pilot Study. Orthop J Sports Med 2024; 12:23259671241252421. [PMID: 38840789 PMCID: PMC11151761 DOI: 10.1177/23259671241252421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of local corticosteroid (CS) injections on rotator cuff muscles remains poorly defined, despite the significance of muscle quality as a crucial prognostic factor for patients with rotator cuff tears (RCTs). Purpose To compare alterations in gene and protein expression patterns in the rotator cuff muscles of patients with RCTs who received frequent joint CS injections with alterations in those without a history of CS injections. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods A total of 24 rotator cuff muscle samples with medium-sized tears from 12 patients with a frequent joint CS injection history (steroid group; 7 men and 5 women who had received ≥5 injections with at least 1 within the previous 3 months; mean age, 63.0 ± 7.2 years) and 12 age- and sex-matched control patients without a history of CS injections (no-steroid group) were acquired. Alterations in the expression of genes and proteins associated with adipogenesis, myogenesis, inflammation, and muscle fibrosis were compared between the groups using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis included comparison of group means using the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, or Fisher exact test and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Results In the steroid group, the mRNA expression levels of adipogenic CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα; P = .008) and muscle atrophy-related genes (atrogin; P = .019) were significantly higher, and those of myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD; P = .035), inflammatory interleukin 6 (IL-6; P = .035), and high mobility group box 1 (P = .003) were significantly lower compared with the no-steroid group. In addition, MyoD (P = .041) and IL-6 (P = .026) expression were decreased in the steroid versus no-steroid group. Immunohistochemistry revealed increased expression of C/EBPα and atrogin and decreased expression of MyoD and IL-6 in the steroid versus no-steroid group. Conclusion Patients with RCTs and a history of frequent CS injections exhibited an upregulation of adipogenic and muscle atrophy-related genes and proteins within the rotator cuff muscles and a downregulation in the expression of myogenic and inflammatory genes and proteins in the same muscles. Clinical Relevance These altered gene and protein expressions by frequent local CS injections may cause poor outcomes in patients with RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiHwan Lee
- Department of Medicine, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Lho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwon Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkun Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Chung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Maisto M, Marzocchi A, Keivani N, Piccolo V, Summa V, Tenore GC. Natural Chalcones for the Management of Obesity Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15929. [PMID: 37958912 PMCID: PMC10648025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the incidence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide, reaching a dangerous pandemic spread. This condition has serious public health implications as it significantly increases the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, fatty liver, hypertension, heart attack, and stroke. The treatment of obesity is therefore the greatest health challenge of our time. Conventional therapeutic treatment of obesity is based on the use of various synthetic molecules belonging to the class of appetite suppressants, lipase inhibitors, hormones, metabolic regulators, and inhibitors of intestinal peptide receptors. The long-term use of these molecules is generally limited by various side effects and tolerance. For this reason, the search for natural alternatives to treat obesity is a current research goal. This review therefore examined the anti-obesity potential of natural chalcones based on available evidence from in vitro and animal studies. In particular, the results of the main in vitro studies describing the principal molecular therapeutic targets and the mechanism of action of the different chalcones investigated were described. In addition, the results of the most relevant animal studies were reported. Undoubtedly, future clinical studies are urgently needed to confirm and validate the potential of natural chalcones in the clinical prophylaxis of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maisto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 59, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.); (V.S.); (G.C.T.)
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3
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Zou H, Gong Y, Ye H, Yuan C, Li T, Zhang J, Ren L. Dietary regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in metabolic syndrome. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154904. [PMID: 37267691 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a class of ligand-activated nuclear transcription factors, members of the type nuclear receptor superfamily, with three subtypes, namely PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ, which play a key role in the metabolic syndrome. In the past decades, a large number of studies have shown that natural products can act by regulating metabolic pathways mediated by PPARs. PURPOSE This work summarizes the physiological importance and clinical significance of PPARs and reviews the experimental evidence that natural products mediate metabolic syndrome via PPARs. METHODS This study reviews relevant literature on clinical trials, epidemiology, animals, and cell cultures published in NCBI PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and other databases from 2001 to October 2022. Search keywords were "natural product" OR "botanical" OR "phytochemical" AND "PPAR" as well as free text words. RESULTS The modulatory involvement of PPARs in the metabolic syndrome has been supported by prior research. It has been observed that many natural products can treat metabolic syndrome by altering PPARs. The majority of currently described natural compounds are mild PPAR-selective agonists with therapeutic effects that are equivalent to synthetic medicines but less harmful adverse effects. CONCLUSION PPAR agonists can be combined with natural products to treat and prevent metabolic syndrome. Further human investigations are required because it is unknown how natural products cause harm and how they might have negative impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yiyao Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haiqing Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Cuiping Yuan
- Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Tiezhu Li
- Institute of Agro-food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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4
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Jung UJ. Sarcopenic Obesity: Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Beneficial Role of Antioxidant Flavonoids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051063. [PMID: 37237929 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity, which refers to concurrent sarcopenia and obesity, is characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and performance along with abnormally excessive fat mass. Sarcopenic obesity has received considerable attention as a major health threat in older people. However, it has recently become a health problem in the general population. Sarcopenic obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome and other complications such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, liver disease, lung disease, renal disease, mental disease and functional disability. The pathogenesis of sarcopenic obesity is multifactorial and complicated, and it is caused by insulin resistance, inflammation, hormonal changes, decreased physical activity, poor diet and aging. Oxidative stress is a core mechanism underlying sarcopenic obesity. Some evidence indicates a protective role of antioxidant flavonoids in sarcopenic obesity, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes the general characteristics and pathophysiology of sarcopenic obesity and focuses on the role of oxidative stress in sarcopenic obesity. The potential benefits of flavonoids in sarcopenic obesity have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un Ju Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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5
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Rungsa P, San HT, Sritularak B, Böttcher C, Prompetchara E, Chaotham C, Likhitwitayawuid K. Inhibitory Effect of Isopanduratin A on Adipogenesis: A Study of Possible Mechanisms. Foods 2023; 12:foods12051014. [PMID: 36900533 PMCID: PMC10000982 DOI: 10.3390/foods12051014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The root of Boesenbergia rotunda, a culinary plant commonly known as fingerroot, has previously been reported to possess anti-obesity activity, with four flavonoids identified as active principles, including pinostrobin, panduratin A, cardamonin, and isopanduratin A. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the antiadipogenic potential of isopanduratin A remain unknown. In this study, isopanduratin A at non-cytotoxic concentrations (1-10 μM) significantly suppressed lipid accumulation in murine (3T3-L1) and human (PCS-210-010) adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Downregulation of adipogenic effectors (FAS, PLIN1, LPL, and adiponectin) and adipogenic transcription factors (SREBP-1c, PPARγ, and C/EBPα) occurred in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells treated with varying concentrations of isopanduratin A. The compound deactivated the upstream regulatory signals of AKT/GSK3β and MAPKs (ERK, JNK, and p38) but stimulated the AMPK-ACC pathway. The inhibitory trend of isopanduratin A was also observed with the proliferation of 3T3-L1 cells. The compound also paused the passage of 3T3-L1 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, supported by altered levels of cyclins D1 and D3 and CDK2. Impaired p-ERK/ERK signaling might be responsible for the delay in mitotic clonal expansion. These findings revealed that isopanduratin A is a strong adipogenic suppressor with multi-target mechanisms and contributes significantly to anti-obesogenic activity. These results suggest the potential of fingerroot as a functional food for weight control and obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapenpuksiri Rungsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Htoo Tint San
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chotima Böttcher
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eakachai Prompetchara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Chaotham
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Preclinical Toxicity and Efficacy Assessment of Medicines and Chemicals Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (K.L.)
| | - Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (K.L.)
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Calabrese EJ, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Agathokleous E, Calabrese V. Hormesis: Wound healing and keratinocytes. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106393. [PMID: 35961478 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hormetic dose responses (i.e., a biphasic dose/concentration response characterized by a low dose stimulation and a high dose inhibition) are shown herein to be commonly reported in the dermal wound healing process, with the particular focus on cell viability, proliferation, and migration of human keratinocytes in in vitro studies. Hormetic responses are induced by a wide range of substances, including endogenous agents, numerous drug and nanoparticle preparations and especially plant derived extracts, including many well-known dietary supplements as well as physical stressor agents, such as low-level laser treatments. Detailed mechanistic studies have identified common signaling pathways and their cross-pathway communications that mediate the hormetic dose responses. These findings suggest that the concept of hormesis plays a fundamental role in wound healing, with important potential implications for agent screening and evaluation, as well as clinical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- Professor of Toxicology; School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
| | - Gaurav Dhawan
- Sri Guru Ram Das (SGRD); University of Health Sciences, Amritsar, India.
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center; Hartford, CT, USA.
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Applied Meteorology; Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology; Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania 95123, Italy.
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Chang YH, Hung HY. Recent advances in natural anti-obesity compounds and derivatives based on in vivo evidence: A mini-review. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114405. [PMID: 35489224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is not only viewed as a chronic aggressive disorder but is also associated with an increased risk for various diseases. Nonetheless, new anti-obesity drugs are an urgent need since few pharmacological choices are available on the market. Natural compounds have served as templates for drug discovery, whereas modified molecules from the leads identified based on in vitro models often reveal noncorresponding bioactivity between in vitro and in vivo studies. Therefore, to provide inspiration for the exploration of innovative anti-obesity agents, recent discoveries of natural anti-obesity compounds with in vivo evidence have been summarized according to their chemical structures, and the comparable efficacy of these compounds is categorized using animal models. In addition, several synthetic derivatives optimized from the phytochemicals are also provided to discuss medicinal chemistry achievements guided by natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Han Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Yi Hung
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, ROC.
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8
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Pharmacological Effects of Panduratin A on Renal Cyst Development in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084328. [PMID: 35457146 PMCID: PMC9024631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cyst expansion in polycystic kidney disease (PKD) involves abnormalities in both cyst-lining-cell proliferation and fluid accumulation. Suppression of these processes may retard the progression of PKD. Evidence suggests that the activation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibits cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-mediated chloride secretion, leading to reduced progression of PKD. Here we investigated the pharmacological effects of panduratin A, a bioactive compound known as an AMPK activator, on CFTR-mediated chloride secretion and renal cyst development using in vitro and animal models of PKD. We demonstrated that AMPK was activated in immortalized normal renal cells and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) cells following treatment with panduratin A. Treatment with panduratin A reduced the number of renal cyst colonies corresponding with a decrease in cell proliferation and phosphorylated p70/S6K, a downstream target of mTOR signaling. Additionally, panduratin A slowed cyst expansion via inhibition of the protein expression and transport function of CFTR. In heterozygous Han:Sprague-Dawley (Cy/+) rats, an animal model of PKD, intraperitoneal administration of panduratin A (25 mg/kg BW) for 5 weeks significantly decreased the kidney weight per body weight ratios and the cystic index. Panduratin A also reduced collagen deposition in renal tissue. Intraperitoneal administration of panduratin A caused abdominal bleeding and reduced body weight. However, 25 mg/kg BW of panduratin A via oral administration in the PCK rats, another non-orthologous PKD model, showed a significant decrease in the cystic index without severe adverse effects, indicating that the route of administration is critical in preventing adverse effects while still slowing disease progression. These findings reveal that panduratin A might hold therapeutic properties for the treatment of PKD.
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Bailly C. Toward the use ofBoesenbergia rotundaextracts and the chalcone panduratin A to treat periodontitis. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:183-192. [PMID: 35306173 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel affordable medications are needed to treat chronic periodontitis, which is one of the most common dental pathologies worldwide. Extracts prepared from the rhizome of the medicinal plant Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf., commonly known as fingerroot, are used to treat a variety of human pathologies. These extracts contain potent anti-inflammatory compounds, including the chalcone derivative panduratin A (Pa-A), which is the lead compound of a series of analogues, designated panduratins A to Y. The anti-inflammatory properties of the extracts of B. rotunda and the most abundant bioactive products found in these extracts (including Pa-A, 4-hydroxyoanduratin, isopanduratin, and others) have been reviewed. A standardized extract of the plant has promising utility in the treatment of gingival inflammation. The effects are characterized by three actions: (i) a direct antimicrobial effect against fungi and oral pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, (ii) a marked anti-inflammatory effect via a reduced production of mediators, like prostaglandin E2 and different interleukins, and (iii) a dual bone-preserving effect, with a reduction in bone resorption and an increase in bone formation. Acting as a protease inhibitor, Pa-A is one of the main active ingredients of the extract, implicated in these actions. A Pa-A-standardized extract of B. rotunda has been used in humans for treating dyspepsia. The product is safe and well-tolerated. The development of panduratin-containing dental products, for the prevention and treatment of periodontitis, has been proposed. The structural analogues, Pa-A to-Y, should also be investigated for the treatment of dental inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Scientific Consulting Office, Lille (Wasquehal), 59290, France
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Thongnuanjan P, Soodvilai S, Fongsupa S, Thipboonchoo N, Chabang N, Munyoo B, Tuchinda P, Soodvilai S. Panduratin A Derivative Protects against Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis of Renal Proximal Tubular Cells and Kidney Injury in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:6642. [PMID: 34771049 PMCID: PMC8588142 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panduratin A is a bioactive cyclohexanyl chalcone exhibiting several pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-cancer activities. Recently, the nephroprotective effect of panduratin A in cisplatin (CDDP) treatment was revealed. The present study examined the potential of certain compounds derived from panduratin A to protect against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. METHODS Three derivatives of panduratin A (DD-217, DD-218, and DD-219) were semi-synthesized from panduratin A. We investigated the effects and corresponding mechanisms of the derivatives of panduratin A for preventing nephrotoxicity of CDDP in both immortalized human renal proximal tubular cells (RPTEC/TERT1 cells) and mice. RESULTS Treating the cell with 10 µM panduratin A significantly reduced the viability of RPTEC/TERT1 cells compared to control (panduratin A: 72% ± 4.85%). Interestingly, DD-217, DD-218, and DD-219 at the same concentration did not significantly affect cell viability (92% ± 8.44%, 90% ± 7.50%, and 87 ± 5.2%, respectively). Among those derivatives, DD-218 exhibited the most protective effect against CDDP-induced renal proximal tubular cell apoptosis (control: 57% ± 1.23%; DD-218: 19% ± 10.14%; DD-219: 33% ± 14.06%). The cytoprotective effect of DD-218 was mediated via decreases in CDDP-induced mitochondria dysfunction, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, activation of ERK1/2, and cleaved-caspase 3 and 7. In addition, DD-218 attenuated CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity by a decrease in renal injury and improved in renal dysfunction in C57BL/6 mice. Importantly, DD-218 did not attenuate the anti-cancer efficacy of CDDP in non-small-cell lung cancer cells or colon cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS This finding suggests that DD-218, a derivative of panduratin A, holds promise as an adjuvant therapy in patients receiving CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penjai Thongnuanjan
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Sirima Soodvilai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathumthani 12000, Thailand;
| | - Somsak Fongsupa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand;
| | - Natechanok Thipboonchoo
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Napason Chabang
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Bamroong Munyoo
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Patoomratana Tuchinda
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Sunhapas Soodvilai
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.M.); (P.T.)
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Ruttanapattanakul J, Wikan N, Okonogi S, Na Takuathung M, Buacheen P, Pitchakarn P, Potikanond S, Nimlamool W. Boesenbergia rotunda extract accelerates human keratinocyte proliferation through activating ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt kinases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:111002. [PMID: 33212374 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Boesenbergia rotunda (BR) has long been used as tradition medicine. For its pharmacological effects on wound healing, previous studies in an animal model provided convincing results that the ethanolic extract from the rhizome of this plant can stimulate wound healing. However, the mechanism about how this plant promotes wound healing at the molecular level has not been elucidated. As a step towards the development of wound healing agents, our current study utilized a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) as an in vitro model to define the potential molecular mechanisms of BR extract in enhancing wound-healing. Our HPLC results showed that BR extract contained kaempferol as one of its potential compounds. The extract strongly promoted wound healing of HaCaT cell monolayer. This effect was eventually defined to be regulated through the ability of BR extract to induce cell proliferation. At the signaling level, we discovered that BR extract rapidly activated ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation upon the addition of the extract. Additionally, our experiments where specific inhibitors of MEK (U0126) and PI3K (LY294002) were utilized verified that BR enhanced cell proliferation and wound healing through stimulating the MAPK and PI3K/Akt signal transduction pathways. Moreover, direct inhibition of keratinocyte DNA synthesis by mitomycin C (MMC) could completely block the proliferative effects of BR extract. Nevertheless, data from Transwell migration assay revealed that BR extract did not promote keratinocyte migration. Altogether, we provided more evidence that BR possesses its wound healing-promoting action through the activation of proliferation and survival pathways, and our study suggests that BR is an interesting candidate to be developed as a wound healing-promoting agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirapak Ruttanapattanakul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Nitwara Wikan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand.
| | - Siriporn Okonogi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Mingkwan Na Takuathung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Pensiri Buacheen
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Pornsiri Pitchakarn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Saranyapin Potikanond
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Wutigri Nimlamool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Thongnuanjan P, Soodvilai S, Fongsupa S, Chabang N, Vivithanaporn P, Tuchinda P, Soodvilai S. Protective Effect of Panduratin A on Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis of Human Renal Proximal Tubular Cells and Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:830-837. [PMID: 34078815 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapy but its main side effect, acute kidney injury, limits its use. Panduratin A, a bioactive compound extracted from Boesenbergia rotunda, shows several biological activities such as anti-oxidative effects. The present study investigated the nephroprotective effect of panduratin A on cisplatin-induced renal injury. METHODS We investigated the effect of panduratin A on the toxicity of cisplatin in both mice and human renal cell cultures using RPTEC/TERT1 cells. RESULTS The results demonstrated that panduratin A ameliorates cisplatin-induced renal toxicity in both mice and RPTEC/TERT1 cells by reducing apoptosis. Mice treated with a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cisplatin (20 mg/kg body weight (BW)) exhibited renal tubule injury and impaired kidney function as shown by histological examination and increased serum creatinine. Co-administration of panduratin A (50 mg/kg BW) orally improved kidney function and ameliorated renal tubule injury of cisplatin by inhibiting activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and caspase 3. In human renal proximal tubular cells, cisplatin induced cell apoptosis by activating pro-apoptotic proteins (ERK1/2 and caspase 3), and reducing the anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). These effects were significantly ameliorated by co-treatment with panduratin A. Interestingly, panduratin A did not alter intracellular accumulation of cisplatin. It did not alter the anti-cancer efficacy of cisplatin in either human colon or non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights panduratin A has a potential protective effect on cisplatin's nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penjai Thongnuanjan
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Mahidol University
| | - Sirima Soodvilai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University
| | - Somsak Fongsupa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Thammasat University Rangsit Campus
| | - Napason Chabang
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
| | - Pornpun Vivithanaporn
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
| | | | - Sunhapas Soodvilai
- Toxicology Graduate Program, Multidisciplinary Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University
- Research Center of Transport Protein for Medical Innovation, Department of Physiology, Mahidol University
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University
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Vasorelaxant Effect of Boesenbergia rotunda and Its Active Ingredients on an Isolated Coronary Artery. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121688. [PMID: 33271853 PMCID: PMC7760037 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of death in developed countries. The regulation of vascular tone is a major approach to prevent and ameliorate vascular diseases. As part of our ongoing screening for cardioprotective natural compounds, we investigated the vasorelaxant effect of rhizomes from Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. [Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schltr.] used as a spice and herbal medicine in Asian countries. The methanol extract of B. rotunda rhizomes (BRE) exhibited significant vasorelaxation effects ex vivo at EC50 values of 13.4 ± 6.1 μg/mL and 40.9 ± 7.9 μg/mL, respectively, with and without endothelium in the porcine coronary artery ring. The intrinsic mechanism was evaluated by treating with specific inhibitors or activators that typically affect vascular reactivity. The results suggested that BRE induced relaxation in the coronary artery rings via an endothelium-dependent pathway involving NO-cGMP, and also via an endothelium-independent pathway involving the blockade of Ca2+ channels. Vasorelaxant principles in BRE were identified by subsequent chromatographic methods, which revealed that flavonoids regulate vasorelaxant activity in BRE. One of the flavonoids was a Diels-Alder type adduct, 4-hydroxypanduratin A, which showed the most potent vasorelaxant effect on porcine coronary artery with an EC50 of 17.8 ± 2.5 μM. Our results suggest that rhizomes of B. rotunda might be of interest as herbal medicine against cardiovascular diseases.
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Kim C, Hwang JK. Flavonoids: nutraceutical potential for counteracting muscle atrophy. Food Sci Biotechnol 2020; 29:1619-1640. [PMID: 33282430 PMCID: PMC7708614 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00816-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle plays a vital role in the conversion of chemical energy into physical force. Muscle atrophy, characterized by a reduction in muscle mass, is a symptom of chronic disease (cachexia), aging (sarcopenia), and muscle disuse (inactivity). To date, several trials have been conducted to prevent and inhibit muscle atrophy development; however, few interventions are currently available for muscle atrophy. Recently, food ingredients, plant extracts, and phytochemicals have received attention as treatment sources to prevent muscle wasting. Flavonoids are bioactive polyphenol compounds found in foods and plants. They possess diverse biological activities, including anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammation. The effects of flavonoids on muscle atrophy have been investigated by monitoring molecular mechanisms involved in protein turnover, mitochondrial activity, and myogenesis. This review summarizes the reported effects of flavonoids on sarcopenia, cachexia, and disuse muscle atrophy, thus, providing an insight into the understanding of the associated molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
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15
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High-content screening of Thai medicinal plants reveals Boesenbergia rotunda extract and its component Panduratin A as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19963. [PMID: 33203926 PMCID: PMC7672115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since December 2019, the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused severe pneumonia, a disease named COVID-19, that became pandemic and created an acute threat to public health. The effective therapeutics are in urgent need. Here, we developed a high-content screening for the antiviral candidates using fluorescence-based SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein detection in Vero E6 cells coupled with plaque reduction assay. Among 122 Thai natural products, we found that Boesenbergia rotunda extract and its phytochemical compound, panduratin A, exhibited the potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Treatment with B. rotunda extract and panduratin A after viral infection drastically suppressed SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in Vero E6 cells with IC50 of 3.62 μg/mL (CC50 = 28.06 µg/mL) and 0.81 μΜ (CC50 = 14.71 µM), respectively. Also, the treatment of panduratin A at the pre-entry phase inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection with IC50 of 5.30 µM (CC50 = 43.47 µM). Our study demonstrated, for the first time, that panduratin A exerts the inhibitory effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection at both pre-entry and post-infection phases. Apart from Vero E6 cells, treatment with this compound was able to suppress viral infectivity in human airway epithelial cells. This result confirmed the potential of panduratin A as the anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent in the major target cells in human. Since B. rotunda is a culinary herb generally grown in China and Southeast Asia, its extract and the purified panduratin A may serve as the promising candidates for therapeutic purposes with economic advantage during COVID-19 situation.
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Guo S, Gong L, Shen Q, Xing D. Photobiomodulation reduces hepatic lipogenesis and enhances insulin sensitivity through activation of CaMKKβ/AMPK signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 213:112075. [PMID: 33152638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.112075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) could improve systemic blood glucose and insulin resistance in diet-induced diabetic mice. A few possible molecular mechanisms for the beneficial effects of PBM on diabetes have been proposed, but there is still an urgent need to explore the underlying mechanisms that support the application of PBM in the treatment of diabetes. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of PBM on lipid metabolism in the liver of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice and explore the potential mechanisms of PBM on obesity and type 2 diabetes. Here, we administered PBM therapy (wavelength: 635 nm, energy density: 8 J/cm2) daily for eight weeks to HFD-induced mice. We detected that eight-week daily administration of PBM ameliorated HFD-induced gain weight, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia, but also protected against diet-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. Furthermore, PBM increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, lowered nuclear translocation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), decreased aberrant lipogenesis, and enhanced insulin sensitive in HFD-induced mice livers. We also observed that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) activation was responsible for AMPK activation in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells exposed to PBM. In summary, PBM at 635 nm and 8 J/cm2 improved hepatic lipid metabolism and inhibited the development of HFD-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes. Moreover, increased intracellular Ca2+ content and CaMKKβ-dependent AMPK activation were possible molecular mechanisms underlying the PBM-induced improvement on obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Longlong Gong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Qi Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China; College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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Choi S, Kim C, Son H, Hwang JK, Kang W. Estimation of an Appropriate Human Dose of Boesenbergia pandurata Extracts Based on Allometric Scaling Data of Panduratin A in Mice, Rats, and Dogs. J Med Food 2020; 23:453-458. [PMID: 32176564 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It can be difficult to identify health/functional foods that exert therapeutic benefits for alleviating gingivitis and periodontitis. Recently, extracts of Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.), which is a tropical plant, have shown promising inhibitory activity against lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontitis. As a result, a clinical trial is being planned to assess utility of B. pandurata (Roxb.) extracts for promoting oral health; this study was designed to determine an appropriate human dose of the extracts for the trial. Pharmacokinetic studies of panduratin A, which is an active substance in fingerroot, were carried out in mice, rats, and dogs after oral administration of the extracts. The clearance data for each species were used to estimate clearance in humans through allometric scaling based on the maximum lifespan potential, and a daily dose providing sufficient anti-periodontitis activity was estimated for use in the clinical trial. The findings indicated that allometric scaling is a reasonable approach that is relatively free of safety issues and can be used to determine doses of substances for incorporation into health/functional foods appropriate for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Changhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heebin Son
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonku Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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Seo YJ, Jin H, Lee K, Song JH, Chei S, Oh HJ, Oh JH, Lee BY. Cardamonin suppresses lipogenesis by activating protein kinase A-mediated browning of 3T3-L1 cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 65:153064. [PMID: 31645009 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity develops when dietary energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, and can be associated with metabolic syndrome. Recent studies have shown that dietary phytochemicals can promote energy expenditure by inducing the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). PURPOSE This study investigated whether cardamonin induces the browning of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the activation of protein kinase A (PKA). METHODS Anti-obesity potential of cardamonin was evaluated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Adipocyte-specific genes were observed using western blot, qPCR analysis and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS Cardamonin treatment inhibited lipid droplet accumulation and reduced the expression of the adipogenic proteins C/EBPα and FABP4, and the lipogenic proteins LPAATθ, lipin 1, DGAT1, SREBP1, and FAS. Cardamonin also induced the expression of the browning marker genes PRDM16, PGC1α, and UCP1 at the mRNA and protein levels, and induced mRNA expression of CD137, a key marker of beige adipocytes. It also increased the expression of the β-oxidation genes CPT1 and PPARα at the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, cardamonin increased PKA phosphorylation and the mRNA and protein expression of the downstream lipolytic enzymes adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate novel effects of cardamonin to stimulate adipocyte browning, suppress lipogenesis, and promote lipolysis, implying it may have potential as an anti-obesity agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jin Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Kyeonggi 13488, South Korea
| | - Heegu Jin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Kyeonggi 13488, South Korea.
| | - Kippeum Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Kyeonggi 13488, South Korea.
| | - Ji-Hyeon Song
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Kyeonggi 13488, South Korea.
| | - Sungwoo Chei
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Kyeonggi 13488, South Korea.
| | - Hyun-Ji Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Kyeonggi 13488, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Hoon Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Kyeonggi 13488, South Korea.
| | - Boo-Yong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Kyeonggi 13488, South Korea.
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Cao Q, Zhang J, Yu Q, Wang J, Dai M, Zhang Y, Luo Q, Bao M. Carotid baroreceptor stimulation in obese rats affects white and brown adipose tissues differently in metabolic protection. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1212-1224. [PMID: 31126973 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) regulates the functions of white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) tightly. Carotid baroreceptor stimulation (CBS) efficiently inhibits SNS activation. We hypothesized that CBS would protect against obesity. We administered CBS to obese rats and measured sympathetic and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/ PPAR pathway responses as well as changes in perirenal WAT (PWAT), epididymal WAT (EWAT), and interscapular BAT (IBAT). CBS alleviated obesity-related metabolic changes, improving insulin resistance; reducing adipocyte hypertrophy, body weight, and adipose tissue weights; and decreasing norepinephrine but increasing acetylcholine in plasma, PWAT, EWAT, and IBAT. CBS also downregulated fatty acid translocase (CD36), fatty acid transport protein (FATP), phosphorylated and total hormone sensitive lipase, phosphorylated and total protein kinase A, and PPARγ in obese rats. Simultaneously, CBS upregulated phosphorylated adipose triglyceride lipase, phosphorylated and total AMPK, and PPARα in PWAT, EWAT, and IBAT. However, BAT and WAT responses differed; although many responses were more sensitive in IBAT, responses of CD36, FATP, and PPARγ were more sensitive in PWAT and EWAT. Overall, CBS decreased chronically activated SNS and ameliorated obesity-related metabolic disorders by regulating the AMPK/PPARα/γ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Wuhan University.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qiao Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Wuhan University.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Wuhan University.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Mingyan Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Wuhan University
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Wuhan University.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Wuhan University.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Mingwei Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University .,Cardiovascular Research Institute Wuhan University.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology Wuhan 430060, China
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Koh JH, Hancock CR, Han DH, Holloszy JO, Nair KS, Dasari S. AMPK and PPARβ positive feedback loop regulates endurance exercise training-mediated GLUT4 expression in skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E931-E939. [PMID: 30888859 PMCID: PMC6580175 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00460.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine whether AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α), or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β (PPARβ) can independently mediate the increase of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression that occurs in response to exercise training. We found that PPARβ can regulate GLUT4 expression without PGC-1α. We also found AMPK and PPARβ are important for maintaining normal physiological levels of GLUT4 protein in the sedentary condition as well following exercise training. However, AMPK and PPARβ are not essential for the increase in GLUT4 protein expression that occurs in response to exercise training. We discovered that AMPK activation increases PPARβ via myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A), which acted as a transcription factor for PPARβ. Furthermore, exercise training increases the cooperation of AMPK and PPARβ to regulate glucose uptake. In conclusion, cooperation between AMPK and PPARβ via NRF-1/MEF2A pathway enhances the exercise training mediated adaptive increase in GLUT4 expression and subsequent glucose uptake in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University , Daegu , Korea
| | - Chad R Hancock
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University , Provo, Utah
| | - Dong-Ho Han
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - John O Holloszy
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Surendra Dasari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
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Abstract
The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) can transcriptionally regulate target genes. PPARδ exerts essential regulatory functions in the heart, which requires constant energy supply. PPARδ plays a key role in energy metabolism, controlling not only fatty acid (FA) and glucose oxidation, but also redox homeostasis, mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte proliferation. PPARδ signaling is impaired in the heart under various pathological conditions, such as pathological cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, doxorubicin cardiotoxicity and diabetic cardiomyopathy. PPARδ deficiency in the heart leads to cardiac dysfunction, myocardial lipid accumulation, cardiac hypertrophy/remodeling and heart failure. This article provides an up-today overview of this research area and discusses the role of PPARδ in the heart in light of the complex mechanisms of its transcriptional regulation and its potential as a translatable therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiac disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Yang
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, LSU Healther Science Center, 533 Bolivar St, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qinqiang Long
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
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Liu SH, Chiu CY, Shi CM, Chiang MT. Functional Comparison of High and Low Molecular Weight Chitosan on Lipid Metabolism and Signals in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16080251. [PMID: 30060615 PMCID: PMC6117729 DOI: 10.3390/md16080251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined and compared the effects of low- and high-molecular weight (MW) chitosan, a nutraceutical, on lipid metabolism in the intestine and liver of high-fat (HF) diet-fed rats. High-MW chitosan as well as low-MW chitosan decreased liver weight, elongated the small intestine, improved the dysregulation of blood lipids and liver fat accumulation, and increased fecal lipid excretion in rats fed with HF diets. Supplementation of both high- and low-MW chitosan markedly inhibited the suppressed phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase-α (AMPKα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) protein expressions, and the increased lipogenesis/cholesterogenesis-associated protein expressions [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c and -2 (SREBP1c and SREBP2)] and the suppressed apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) protein expressions in the livers of rats fed with HF diets. Supplementation with both a low- and high-MW chitosan could also suppress the increased MTTP protein expression and the decreased angiopoietin-like protein-4 (Angptl4) expression in the intestines of rats fed with HF diets. In comparison between low- and high-MW chitosan, high-MW chitosan exhibits a higher efficiency than low-MW chitosan on the inhibition of intestinal lipid absorption and an increase of hepatic fatty acid oxidation, which can improve liver lipid biosynthesis and accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Hwa Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Yuan Chiu
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Ming Shi
- Department of Food Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Tsan Chiang
- Department of Food Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
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Chiu CY, Wang LP, Liu SH, Chiang MT. Fish Oil Supplementation Alleviates the Altered Lipid Homeostasis in Blood, Liver, and Adipose Tissues in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:4118-4128. [PMID: 29627983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of fish oil on the signals of lipid metabolism involved in hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride influx and excretion in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. Fish oil (FO) repressed body (HFD, 533 ± 18.2 g; HFD+FO, 488 ± 28.0 g, p < 0.05) and liver weights (HFD, 5.7 ± 0.6 g/100 g of body weight; HFD+FO, 4.8 ± 0.4 g/100 g of body weight, p < 0.05) in HFD-fed rats. Fish oil could also improve HFD-induced imbalance of lipid metabolism in blood, liver, and adipose tissues including the significant decreases in plasma and liver total cholesterol (TC) (plasma-HFD, 113 ± 33.6 mg/dL; HFD+FO, 50.0 ± 5.95 mg/dL, p < 0.05; liver-HFD, 102 ± 13.0 mg/g liver; [corrected] HFD+FO, 86.6 ± 7.81 mg/g liver, [corrected] p < 0.05), blood, liver, and adipose triglyceride (TG) (blood-HFD, 52.5 ± 20.4 mg/dL; HFD+FO, 29.8 ± 4.30 mg/dL, p < 0.05; liver-HFD, 56.2 ± 10.0 mg/g liver; [corrected] HFD+FO, 30.3 ± 5.28 mg/g liver, [corrected] p < 0.05; adipose-HFD, 614 ± 73.2 mg/g liver, [corrected] HFD+FO, 409 ± 334 mg/g of adipose tissue, [corrected] p < 0.05), and low density (HFD, 79.8 ± 40.9 mg/dL; HFD+FO, 16.6 ± 5.47 mg/dL, p < 0.05) and very-low-density (HFD, 49.7 ± 33.3 mg/dL; HFD+FO, 10.4 ± 3.45 mg/dL, p < 0.05) lipoprotein and the significant increases in fecal TC (HFD, 12.2 ± 0.67 mg/g feces; [corrected] HFD+FO, 16.3 ± 2.04 mg/g feces, [corrected] < 0.05) and TG (HFD, 2.09 ± 0.10 mg/g feces; [corrected] HFD+FO, 2.38 ± 0.22 mg/g feces, [corrected] p < 0.05) and lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose tissues (HFD, 16.6 ± 3.64 μM p-nitrophenol; HFD+FO, 24.5 ± 4.19 μM p-nitrophenol, p < 0.05). Moreover, fish oil significantly activated the protein expressions of hepatic lipid metabolism regulators (AMPKα and PPARα) and significantly regulated the lipid-transport-related signaling molecules (ApoE, MTTP, ApoB, Angptl4, ApoCIII, ACOX1, and SREBPF1) in blood or liver of HFD-fed rats. These results suggest that fish oil supplementation improves HFD-induced imbalance of lipid homeostasis in blood, liver, and adipose tissues in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yuan Chiu
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Lou-Pin Wang
- Department of Food Science, College of Life Science , National Taiwan Ocean University , Keelung 202 , Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Hospital , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital , China Medical University , Taichung 404 , Taiwan
| | - Meng-Tsan Chiang
- Department of Food Science, College of Life Science , National Taiwan Ocean University , Keelung 202 , Taiwan
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Sa BK, Kim C, Kim MB, Hwang JK. Panduratin A Prevents Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Induced Muscle Atrophy in L6 Rat Skeletal Muscle Cells. J Med Food 2017; 20:1047-1054. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.3970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyung Sa
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Bo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chatsumpun N, Sritularak B, Likhitwitayawuid K. New Biflavonoids with α-Glucosidase and Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Activities from Boesenbergia rotunda. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111862. [PMID: 29084164 PMCID: PMC6150212 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Roots of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. are prominent ingredients in the cuisine of several Asian countries, including Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, and China. An extract prepared from the roots of this plant showed strong inhibitory activity against enzymes α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase and was subjected to chromatographic separation to identify the active components. Three new biflavonoids of the flavanone-chalcone type (9, 12, and 13) were isolated, along with 12 known compounds. Among the 15 isolates, the three new compounds showed stronger inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase than the drug acarbose but displayed lower pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect than the drug orlistat. The results indicated the potential of B. rotunda roots as a functional food for controlling after-meal blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutputsorn Chatsumpun
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Boonchoo Sritularak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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26
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Rigano D, Sirignano C, Taglialatela-Scafati O. The potential of natural products for targeting PPAR α. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:427-438. [PMID: 28752027 PMCID: PMC5518659 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) α, -γ and -β/δ are ligand-activated transcription factors and members of the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptor. These receptors play key roles in maintaining glucose and lipid homeostasis by modulating gene expression. PPARs constitute a recognized druggable target and indeed several classes of drugs used in the treatment of metabolic disease symptoms, such as dyslipidemia (fibrates, e.g. fenofibrate and gemfibrozil) and diabetes (thiazolidinediones, e.g. rosiglitazone and pioglitazone) are ligands for the various PPAR isoforms. More precisely, antidiabetic thiazolidinediones act on PPARγ, while PPARα is the main molecular target of antidyslipidemic fibrates. Over the past few years, our understanding of the mechanism underlying the PPAR modulation of gene expression has greatly increased. This review presents a survey on terrestrial and marine natural products modulating the PPARα system with the objective of highlighting how the incredible chemodiversity of natural products can provide innovative leads for this "hot" target.
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27
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Kim DU, Chung HC, Kim C, Hwang JK. Oral intake of Boesenbergia pandurata
extract improves skin hydration, gloss, and wrinkling: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2017; 16:512-519. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Changhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology; Yonsei University; Seoul Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology; Yonsei University; Seoul Korea
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28
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Kim M, Choi S, Noh K, Kim C, Kim E, Hwang JK, Kang W. Determination of panduratin A in rat plasma by HPLC–MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 137:151-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The regulatory effects of fish oil and chitosan on hepatic lipogenic signals in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:919-930. [PMID: 28987369 PMCID: PMC9328862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the regulatory effects of fish oil and chitosan on the signals of hepatic lipid metabolism and the postulated mechanism in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Diet supplementation of chitosan and fish oil efficiently suppressed the increased weights in body and livers of high-fat diet-fed rats. Supplementation of chitosan and fish oil significantly decreased the activities of hepatic lipid biosynthesis-related enzymes and efficiently regulated plasma lipoprotein homeostasis. Both chitosan and fish oil significantly ameliorated the alterations in the protein expressions of hepatic lipogenic transcription factors (LXRα and PPARα), and could also significantly regulate the downstream hepatic lipogenic genes (FAS, HMGCR, CYP7A1, FATP, FABP, AOX, and ABCA) expressions in high-fat diet-fed rats. These results suggest that both fish oil and chitosan exerts downregulative effects on hepatic lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese rats via the LXRα inhibition and PPARα activation, which further affect the expressions of hepatic lipogenesis-associated genes.
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30
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Small-molecule activators of AMP-activated protein kinase as modulators of energy metabolism. Russ Chem Bull 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-1036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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31
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Woo SW, Rhim DB, Kim C, Hwang JK. Effect of Standardized Boesenbergia pandurata Extract and Its Active Compound Panduratin A on Skin Hydration and Barrier Function in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2015; 20:15-21. [PMID: 25866745 PMCID: PMC4391536 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2015.20.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin plays a key role in protecting the body from the environment and from water loss. Cornified envelope (CE) and natural moisturizing factor (NMF) are considered as the primary regulators of skin hydration and barrier function. The CE prevents loss of water from the body and is formed by cross-linking of several proteins. Among these proteins, filaggrin is an important protein because NMF is produced by the degradation of filaggrin. Proteases, including matriptase and prostasin, stimulate the generation of filaggrin from profilaggrin and caspase-14 plays a role in the degradation of filaggrin. This study elucidated the effects of an ethanol extract of Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schltr., known as fingerroot, and its active compound panduratin A on CE formation and filaggrin processing in HaCaT, human epidermal keratinocytes. B. pandurata extract (BPE) and panduratin A significantly stimulated not only CE formation but also the expression of CE proteins, such as loricrin, involucrin, and transglutaminase, which were associated with PPARα expression. The mRNA and protein levels of filaggrin and filaggrin-related enzymes, such as matriptase, prostasin, and caspase-14 were also up-regulated by BPE and panduratin A treatment. These results suggest that BPE and panduratin A are potential nutraceuticals which can enhance skin hydration and barrier function based on their CE formation and filaggrin processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Wook Woo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Dong-Bin Rhim
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Changhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea ; Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Rana S, Blowers EC, Natarajan A. Small molecule adenosine 5'-monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) modulators and human diseases. J Med Chem 2014; 58:2-29. [PMID: 25122135 DOI: 10.1021/jm401994c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a master sensor of cellular energy status that plays a key role in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis. AMPK is a serine/threonine kinase that is activated by upstream kinases LKB1, CaMKKβ, and Tak1, among others. AMPK exists as αβγ trimeric complexes that are allosterically regulated by AMP, ADP, and ATP. Dysregulation of AMPK has been implicated in a number of metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Recent studies have associated roles of AMPK with the development of cancer and neurological disorders, making it a potential therapeutic target to treat human diseases. This review focuses on the structure and function of AMPK, its role in human diseases, and its direct substrates and provides a brief synopsis of key AMPK modulators and their relevance in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Rana
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6805, United States
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Kim MS, Pyun HB, Hwang JK. Panduratin A, an activator of PPAR-α/δ, suppresses the development of oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis-like symptoms in hairless mice. Life Sci 2014; 100:45-54. [PMID: 24530874 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Panduratin A isolated from Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic activities. However, the effect of panduratin A on atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been studied. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of panduratin A, an activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) α/δ, using oxazolone-induced AD-like model in hairless mice. MAIN METHODS To determine PPARα/δ activation of panduratin A, HaCaT, Hs68, and COS-7 cells were treated with panduratin A, then PPARα/δ and PPAR response element (PPRE) activities were assessed with a reporter gene assay. For the in vivo study, oral administration of panduratin A was performed for 4weeks, with oxazolone treatment every other day. The efficacy of panduratin A on parameters of oxazolone-induced AD was assessed physiologically, morphologically, and immunologically. KEY FINDINGS Panduratin A increased PPARα/δ and PPRE activation both in vitro and in vivo. Panduratin A attenuated dermatitis-associated barrier damage as demonstrated by transepidermal water loss, erythema, and filaggrin expression. Furthermore, infiltration of inflammatory cells and epidermal thickness in the skin were decreased. Panduratin A decreased serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E and interleukin-4 levels but increased IgG2a and interferon-γ levels. In addition, panduratin A decreased inflammation-associated molecules in the skin. Panduratin A also decreased Th2-associated molecules and increased Th1/regulatory T cell (Treg)-associated molecules in the spleen. SIGNIFICANCE Panduratin A showed a beneficial effect on AD by modulating Th1/Th2/Treg-associated immune response and is a potential candidate for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Suk Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee-Bong Pyun
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
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34
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Boesenbergia Pandurata Roxb., An Indonesian Medicinal Plant: Phytochemistry, Biological Activity, Plant Biotechnology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Boesenbergia rotunda: From Ethnomedicine to Drug Discovery. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:473637. [PMID: 23243448 PMCID: PMC3519102 DOI: 10.1155/2012/473637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Boesenbergia rotunda is a herb from the Boesenbergia genera under the Zingiberaceae family. B. rotunda is widely found in Asian countries where it is commonly used as a food ingredient and in ethnomedicinal preparations. The popularity of its ethnomedicinal usage has drawn the attention of scientists worldwide to further investigate its medicinal properties. Advancement in drug design and discovery research has led to the development of synthetic drugs from B. rotunda metabolites via bioinformatics and medicinal chemistry studies. Furthermore, with the advent of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, new insights on the biosynthetic pathways of B. rotunda metabolites can be elucidated, enabling researchers to predict the potential bioactive compounds responsible for the medicinal properties of the plant. The vast biological activities exhibited by the compounds obtained from B. rotunda warrant further investigation through studies such as drug discovery, polypharmacology, and drug delivery using nanotechnology.
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Kim DY, Kim MS, Sa BK, Kim MB, Hwang JK. Boesenbergia pandurata attenuates diet-induced obesity by activating AMP-activated protein kinase and regulating lipid metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:994-1005. [PMID: 22312299 PMCID: PMC3269733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13010994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a chronic metabolic disorder, is characterized by enlarged fat mass and dysregulation of lipid metabolism. The medicinal plant, Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schltr., has been reported to possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties; however, its anti-obesity activity is unexplored. The present study was conducted to determine whether B. pandurata extract (BPE), prepared from its rhizome parts, attenuated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. The molecular mechanism was investigated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HepG2 human hepatoma cells. BPE treatment decreased triglyceride accumulation in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HepG2 hepatocytes by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and regulating the expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins. In the animal model, oral administration of BPE (200 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks) significantly reduced HFD-induced body weight gain without altering the amount of food intake. In addition, elevated serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were suppressed by BPE administration. Fat pad masses were reduced in BPE-treated mice, as evidenced by reduced adipocyte size. Furthermore, BPE protected against the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver by decreasing hepatic triglyceride accumulation. BPE also activated AMPK signaling and altered the expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins in white adipose tissue and liver. Taken together, these findings indicate that BPE attenuates HFD-induced obesity by activating AMPK and regulating lipid metabolism, suggesting a potent anti-obesity agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Young Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea; E-Mails: (D.-Y.K.); (M.-S.K.); (B.-K.S.)
| | - Myung-Suk Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea; E-Mails: (D.-Y.K.); (M.-S.K.); (B.-K.S.)
| | - Bo-Kyung Sa
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea; E-Mails: (D.-Y.K.); (M.-S.K.); (B.-K.S.)
| | - Mi-Bo Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea; E-Mails: (D.-Y.K.); (M.-S.K.); (B.-K.S.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +82-2-2123-5881; Fax: +82-2-362-7265
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Ljubicic V, Khogali S, Renaud JM, Jasmin BJ. Chronic AMPK stimulation attenuates adaptive signaling in dystrophic skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011; 302:C110-21. [PMID: 21940670 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00183.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated how a pharmacologically induced phenotype shift in dystrophic skeletal muscle would affect subsequent intracellular signaling in response to a complementary, adaptive physiological stimulus. mdx mice were treated with the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR; 500 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) for 30 days, and then one-half of the animals were subjected to a bout of treadmill running to induce acute AMPK and p38 MAPK signaling. The mRNA levels of phenotypic modifiers, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPARδ), PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), receptor interacting protein 140 (RIP 140), and silent information regulator two ortholog 1 (SIRT1) were assessed in skeletal muscle, as well as the expression of the protein arginine methyltransferase genes PRMT1 and CARM1. We found unique AMPK and p38 phosphorylation and expression signatures between dystrophic and healthy muscle. In dystrophic skeletal muscle, treadmill running induced PPARδ, PGC-1α, and SIRT1 mRNAs, three molecules that promote the slow, oxidative myogenic program. In the mdx animals that received the chronic AICAR treatment, running-elicited AMPK and p38 phosphorylation was attenuated compared with vehicle-treated mice. Similarly, acute stress-evoked expression of PPARδ, PGC-1α, and SIRT1 was also blunted by chronic pharmacological AMPK stimulation. Skeletal muscle PRMT1 and CARM1 protein contents were higher in mdx mice compared with wild-type littermates. The acute running-evoked induction of PRMT1 and CARM1 mRNAs was also attenuated by the AICAR treatment. Our data demonstrate that prior pharmacological conditioning is a salient determinant in how dystrophic muscle adapts to subsequent complementary, acute physiological stress stimuli. These results provide insight into possible therapeutic applications of synthetic agonists in neuromuscular diseases, such as during chronic administration to Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Ljubicic
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Center for Neuromuscular Disease, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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