1
|
Zhou H, Li Q, Liu Z, Li K, Geng X, Fang X. Family Emotional Expressiveness and Adolescents' Cyberbullying Bystanders: The Mediating Role of Empathy. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:2099-2110. [PMID: 38803561 PMCID: PMC11129703 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s447605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The significant influence of family emotional expressiveness (FEE) on adolescents' face-to-face social interactions is well-established. However, there has been limited investigation into potential links between FEE and adolescents' online social behaviors, especially cyberbullying bystander behaviors, which are pivotal in cyberbullying incidents. This study aimed to assess the relative importance of different aspects of FEE (positive FEE vs. negative FEE vs. the Positive-to-Negative ratio) in predicting adolescents' cyberbullying bystander behaviors, and the mediating roles of affective and cognitive empathy in these relationships. Methods A sample of 1,952 adolescents (Mage = 14.18, SD = 1.33) completed questionnaires, including the Family Emotional Expressiveness Questionnaire, Basic Empathy Scale, and Cyberbullying Bystander Behavior Scale. SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.3 were used for analysis. Results (1) Positive FEE exhibited a positive association with protective behavior and a negative association with indifferent behavior. Conversely, negative FEE showed positive associations with reinforcing and indifferent behaviors. However, the Positive-to-Negative ratio did not exhibit significant associations with any of the three bystander behaviors. (2) Negative FEE emerged as relatively more significant than both positive FEE and the Positive-to-Negative ratio in predicting reinforcing and indifferent behaviors. (3) Affective empathy mediated the relationship between positive FEE and reinforcing behavior, while cognitive empathy mediated the relationship between positive FEE and protective and indifferent behaviors. Moreover, cognitive empathy exerted a more influential role than affective empathy in this mediation process. Conclusion Various aspects of FEE demonstrated distinct relationships with three cyberbullying bystander behaviors, with affective and cognitive empathy playing an important mediating role in the association. This finding holds substantial implications for the development of cyberbullying prevention strategies. Such strategies could target the reduction of negative emotional expression within adolescent families and the cultivation of both cognitive and affective empathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanfang Zhou
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyin Li
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- School of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keman Li
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Fang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Manasse SM, Russon J, Lampe EW, King A, Abber SR, Trainor C, Gillikin LM, Levy S, Diamond G. Attachment-Based Family Therapy to Improve Family Functioning in Adolescent Binge-Spectrum Eating Disorders: An Initial Evaluation Via Case Series Design. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 29:45-62. [PMID: 37384823 DOI: 10.1177/13591045231187433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Binge-spectrum eating disorders (EDs; bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder) often develop during adolescence and are associated with serious psychological and physical consequences. Current treatments for adolescents are highly behavioral in nature and while efficacious, many patients do not reach remission indicating that current treatments fail to target a key maintenance factor for EDs. One potential maintenance factor is poor family functioning (FF). In particular, high family conflict (e.g., arguing, critical comments) and low family cohesion (e.g., warmth, support) are known to maintain ED behaviors. Poor FF can (1) cause or exacerbate an adolescent's use of ED behaviors to cope with life stress and/or (2) inhibit parents from being a resource to adolescents during ED treatment. Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT) is specifically designed to improve FF, and thus may be a promising adjunct to behavioral ED intervention strategies. ABFT, however, has not been tested in adolescents with binge-spectrum EDs. Thus, the current study is the first to evaluate a 16-week adapted ABFT treatment for adolescents with EDs (N = 8, Mage = 16.00, 71.43% female, 71.43% White) fusing together behavioral treatment for EDs with ABFT for highest possible impact. Eight families were treated in an open pilot trial to examine treatment feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy on FF and eating pathology. Overall, findings were promising. ABFT + B treatment was feasible and acceptable and showed preliminary evidence that it could improve FF and ED behaviors. Future research will test this intervention in a larger sample and further examine the role of FF in maintaining ED symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Manasse
- Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jody Russon
- Department of Human Development & Family Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Elizabeth W Lampe
- Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Allie King
- Center for Family Intervention Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sophie R Abber
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Claire Trainor
- Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Suzanne Levy
- Center for Family Intervention Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guy Diamond
- Center for Family Intervention Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yeung JWK. A Multi-System Approach to Investigate Different Forms of Delinquency in Female Adolescents at Risk: Family, School, and Peers. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:960. [PMID: 38131816 PMCID: PMC10740767 DOI: 10.3390/bs13120960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The delinquency of female adolescents at risk has increased conspicuously, much to the concern of human service and public health practitioners. Nevertheless, prior findings of pertinent research have commonly been based on samples of male or gender-mixed participants, especially general youths in the community. These cannot adequately explicate the impacts of different contextual systems on at-risk female adolescents, who are, in fact, more vulnerable to developing delinquency. Based on cross-sectional data collected from a sample of 236 at-risk female adolescents with the help of a large social work organization, the present study investigated and compared the effects of family, school, and peer systems on different forms of delinquency among at-risk female adolescents. The results show that positive family functioning, constructive school experiences, and deviant peer influence were predictive of both self-destructive and other-destructive delinquency in at-risk adolescent girls, respectively, but the effects were significantly different depending on which contextual systems influenced what forms of delinquency. Furthermore, the relationships between positive family functioning and both forms of delinquency were significantly mediated by the effects of constructive school experiences and deviant peer influence, giving support to the distal role of family and the proximal functions of school and peers in adolescence. Implications for policy prevention and interventions to strengthen the contextual supports in different social systems to help female adolescents at risk are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerf W. K. Yeung
- Department of Behavioural and Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Geng X, Zhang J, Liu Y, Xu L, Han Y, Potenza MN, Zhang J. Problematic use of the internet among adolescents: A four-wave longitudinal study of trajectories, predictors and outcomes. J Behav Addict 2023; 12:435-447. [PMID: 37294627 PMCID: PMC10316164 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2023.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Problematic use of the internet (PUI) among adolescents has become one of the public problems around the world. Understanding the developmental trajectory of PUI may be beneficial to develop prevention and intervention. The current study aimed to identify the developmental trajectories of PUI among adolescents, considering individual differences over time. And also explored how familial factors contributed to the identified trajectories, and the relationship between PUI changes over time and social, mental health, and academic functioning. Methods A total of 1,149 adolescents (Mage = 15.82, SD = 0.61; 55.27% girls at Wave 1) participated in assessments at four time points, using 6-month assessment intervals. Results Based on a latent class growth model, three trajectories of PUI were identified: Low Decreasing, Moderate Increasing, and High Increasing groups. Multivariate logistic regression analyses suggested that inter-parental conflicts and childhood maltreatment served as negative familial predictors for the risk trajectories of PUI (i.e., Moderate Increasing and High Increasing groups). Additionally, adolescents in these two groups displayed more estranged interpersonal relationships, more mental health difficulties, and poorer academic functioning. Discussion and conclusions It is important to consider individual differences in understanding the developmental patterns of PUI among adolescents. Identifying family predictors and the behavioral outcome associated with groups with different developmental trajectories of PUI, which may help to understand better risk factors related to specific developmental patterns of PUI and its adverse correlates. The findings highlight a need to develop more specific effective intervention programs for individuals displaying different problematic developmental trajectories with PUI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences (School of Public Administration), Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Linxuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yue Han
- Shan Dong Zibo No.17 Middle School, Shandong, China
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jintao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang Y, Deng B, Yang F. Deviant peer affiliation, parent involvement, and aggressive behaviors of rural children in China. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:469-479. [PMID: 36510637 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aggressive behaviors in early childhood may indicate future violence, so effective intervention measures should be taken on time to promote children's physical and psychological health. Based on sampling survey data from Jintang County in Sichuan Province of China, this paper analyzes the mechanism of rural children's aggressive behaviors from the perspective of peer influences and examines the role of parent involvement in it. The results show that the deeper the degree of deviant peer affiliation, the poorer the psychosocial adaptation of rural children, which is more likely to lead to aggressive behaviors. Parent involvement can effectively inhibit the aggressive behaviors of rural children arising from deviant peer affiliation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China
| | - Binting Deng
- Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang C, Zhang Q, Zhuang H, Xu W. The reciprocal relationship between depression, social anxiety and aggression in Chinese adolescents: The moderating effects of family functioning. J Affect Disord 2023; 329:379-384. [PMID: 36870452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, social anxiety, and aggression often co-occur in adolescents. Several theoretical models have been proposed to explain the temporal relationships of these symptoms, with relevant empirical evidence mixed. The role of environmental factors should be taken into consideration. OBJECTIVES To examine the temporal relationship between depression, social anxiety, and aggression in adolescents, and to extend previous work by exploring the moderating effects of family functioning. METHOD A total of 1947 Chinese adolescents completed the survey questionnaires at two time points: family functioning at baseline, and depression, social anxiety, and aggression at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Data was analyzed using a cross-lagged model. RESULTS Bidirectional positive association was found between depression and aggression. However, although social anxiety predicted subsequent depression and aggression, the opposite relationship was not found. Moreover, favorable family functioning alleviated depression and moderated the prediction of social anxiety to depression. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggested that clinicians should pay attention to the underlying depressive symptoms of adolescents with aggressive behaviors, and to the level of aggression of adolescents with depression. Interventions on social anxiety may prevent the transformation of social anxiety to depression and aggression. Adaptive family functioning may act as a protective factor for the comorbid depression in adolescents with social anxiety, which can be targeted by relevant interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Hongjuan Zhuang
- Xiamen Shuangshi Middle School of Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Doty JL, Lynne SD, Yourell JL, Smith SJ, Fogarty K, Pracht DW, Taliaferro LA. Adolescent risk and protection profiles for violence perpetration: Insights for family- and community-based prevention. Aggress Behav 2023. [PMID: 36842143 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Youth violence continues to be a major developmental and health concern. Preventative resources at individual, family, and community levels may reduce risk, yet the extent to which youth violence perpetration differs by patterns of risk and protective factors remains unknown. Using data from the Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey (N = 4630; 49% female; Mage = 14.69), we conducted person-centered, latent profile analyses to identify four patterns for risk of violence perpetration among middle and high school youth. Youth in the Low Risk-High Protection profile (37%) had low likelihood of violence perpetration. Youth in the Low Risk-Low Protection profile (4%) were characterized by poor family functioning, low school belonging, and low community protection. These youth had similar odds of violence perpetration as youth in the Moderate Risk-Moderate Protection profile (44%), which were elevated compared to the Low Risk-High Protection profile. Youth in the High Risk-Low Protection profile (15%), which had the highest levels of risk factors and lowest levels of protective factors, had the highest likelihood of violence perpetration. The High Risk-Low Protection profile was expected based on past research, but the emergence of the Low Risk-Low Protection profile is a unique contribution to the research. Findings contribute to the literature by going beyond a cumulative risk model, identifying subgroups with various patterns of risk and protection in the population, and highlighting the importance of selected prevention for subgroups of youth with high risk or challenging family and community environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Doty
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, College of Education, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Sarah D Lynne
- Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jacqlyn L Yourell
- Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sarah J Smith
- Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kate Fogarty
- Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Dale W Pracht
- Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lindsay A Taliaferro
- Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vaezghasemi M, Vogt T, Lindkvist M, Pulkki-Brännström AM, Richter Sundberg L, Lundahl L, Silfverdal SA, Feldman I, Ivarsson A. Multifaceted determinants of social-emotional problems in preschool children in Sweden: An ecological systems theory approach. SSM Popul Health 2023; 21:101345. [PMID: 36785550 PMCID: PMC9918800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Social-emotional problems occurring early in life can place children at future risk of adverse health, social and economic outcomes. Determinants of social-emotional problems are multi-layered and originate from different contexts surrounding children, though few studies consider them simultaneously. We adopted a holistic approach by using Bronfenbrenner's process-person-context-time model as a structuring device. We aimed to assess what characteristics of families and children from pregnancy, over birth, and up to 3 years of age are associated with social-emotional problems in boys and girls. This study used regional data from the Salut Programme, a universal health promotion programme implemented in Antenatal and Child Health Care, and data from national Swedish registers. The study population included 6033 3-year-olds and their parents during the period 2010-2018. Distinct logistic regression models for boys and girls were used to assess associations between the family social context, parents' lifestyle, parent's mental health, children's birth characteristics, and indicators of proximal processes (the independent variables); and children's social-emotional problems as measured by the parent-completed Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional between 33 and 41 months of age (the outcome). Overall, a less favourable family social context, detrimental lifestyle of the parents during pregnancy, and parents' mental illness from pregnancy onwards were associated with higher odds of social-emotional problems in 3-year-olds. Higher screentime and infrequent shared book-reading were associated with higher odds of social-emotional problems. The multifaceted determinants of children's social-emotional problems imply that many diverse targets for intervention exist. Additionally, this study suggests that Bronfenbrenner's process-person-context-time theoretical framework could be relevant for public health research and policy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Vaezghasemi
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden,Corresponding author. Norrlands universitetssjukhus Epidemiologi och Global Hälsa, Umeå University, B, Målpunkt P, Försörjningsvägen 7 B, 90185, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Thomas Vogt
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marie Lindkvist
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Lisbeth Lundahl
- Department of Applied Educational Science, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sven-Arne Silfverdal
- Department of Clinical Science, Pediatrics, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Inna Feldman
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 22, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anneli Ivarsson
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang P, Schlomer GL, Lippold MA. Mothering versus fathering? Positive parenting versus negative parenting? Their relative importance in predicting adolescent aggressive behavior: A longitudinal comparison. Dev Psychol 2023; 59:69-83. [PMID: 36074588 PMCID: PMC9835898 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
To understand whose parenting (mothers vs. fathers) and which type of parenting (warmth vs. hostility) is more important in predicting adolescent aggression, this study applied dominance analysis to evaluate the relative importance of four different parenting dimensions (maternal hostility, paternal hostility, maternal warmth, and paternal warmth). Four waves of adolescent-reported longitudinal data from the PROSPER project (N = 626, 52% adolescent girls, 89% White rural, age 12 to 15) were used to investigate longitudinal change in the relative importance of these dimensions over time. Findings reveal that at most ages, maternal hostility was relatively more important than both paternal hostility and maternal warmth in predicting adolescent aggression among adolescent girls and boys. However, paternal parenting was more important for boys at specific ages. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for interventions and further research on parenting. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Yang
- Office of Population Research, Princeton University
| | - Gabriel L. Schlomer
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University at Albany, SUNY
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Neaverson A, Murray AL, Ribeaud D, Eisner M. Disrupting the Link between Corporal Punishment Exposure and Adolescent Aggression: The Role of Teacher-Child Relationships. J Youth Adolesc 2022; 51:2265-2280. [PMID: 36100731 PMCID: PMC9596518 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has identified harsh parenting practices, such as corporal punishment, as a predictor of adolescent behaviour problems such as increased aggression. However, not all children who experience childhood corporal punishment develop increased aggression, making the illumination of factors moderating this link an important question for informing prevention. In the current study, an autoregressive cross-lagged panel model was used to examine teacher-child relationships as both a direct and interactive protective factor (via weakening the effects of corporal punishment exposure) in adolescent aggression. Data was used from the Zurich Project on the Social Development from Childhood to Adulthood (z-proso). Self-reported data was collected at three time points: age 11 (n = 1144, 49% female) age 13 (n = 1366, 49% female) and age 15 (n = 1447, 48% female). Results suggested having a positive teacher-child relationship was a direct protective factor against concurrent aggression. However, there was not consistent evidence for a moderating effect of teacher-child relationships. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Neaverson
- Department of Criminology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Denis Ribeaud
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Eisner
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Violence Research Centre, Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Doo EY, Kim JH. Parental smartphone addiction and adolescent smartphone addiction by negative parenting attitude and adolescent aggression: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:981245. [PMID: 36530729 PMCID: PMC9751876 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.981245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to examine the mediating role of negative parenting attitudes and adolescent aggression in the relationship between parents' and adolescents' smartphone addiction. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that used data from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. The study involved 2,360 adolescents (1,275 boys, 54.0%, mean age 14.52 ± 0.33 years) and their parents (2,148 mothers, 91.0%), who used smartphones. Adolescents completed questionnaires assessing negative parenting attitudes, aggression, and smartphone addiction while parents completed questionnaires assessing their sociodemographic characteristics and smartphone addiction. Results Parents' smartphone addiction was directly and indirectly related to adolescents' smartphone. Additionally, negative parenting attitudes and adolescent aggression played serial mediating roles in the relationship between parents' smartphone addiction and adolescent smartphone addiction. Conclusion The findings suggest that it is necessary to consider parental smartphone addiction, parenting attitude, and adolescent aggression, when developing interventions to prevention smartphone addiction among adolescents. Moreover, it highlighted the importance of developing healthy parenting environment that includes parents' healthy smartphone use and positive parenting to prevent adolescents' smartphone addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Doo
- Nursing Department, Myongji Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Kim
- College of Nursing, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, South Korea,*Correspondence: Ji-Hye Kim
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Smahel D, Gulec H, Lokajova A, Dedkova L, Machackova H. The integrative model of ICT effects on Adolescents’ well-being (iMEW): The synthesis of theories from developmental psychology, media and communications, and health. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2022.2135501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Smahel
- Interdisciplinary Research Team on Internet and Society, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Hayriye Gulec
- Interdisciplinary Research Team on Internet and Society, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Adela Lokajova
- Interdisciplinary Research Team on Internet and Society, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lenka Dedkova
- Interdisciplinary Research Team on Internet and Society, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Hana Machackova
- Interdisciplinary Research Team on Internet and Society, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen S, Yi Z, Wei M, Liu Y. Deviant Peer Affiliation: A Newly Verified Mechanism by Which Violent Video Game Exposure Affect Aggressive and Prosocial Behavior. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:634-640. [PMID: 36099181 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Past research has provided abundant evidence that violent video game exposure (VVGE) increases aggressive behavior and decreases prosocial behavior. So far, these effects have been explained mainly as resulting from changes in the existing knowledge structures of cognition, affect, or personality, such as desensitization to violence, empathy deficits, or impulsivity deficits. Following the extended General Aggression Model (GAM), the present research examined the role of deviant peer affiliation in VVGE's effects on aggressive and prosocial behavior. A total of 2,152 (46.4 percent male) Chinese children and adolescents completed a self-reported scale for VVGE, deviant peer affiliation, trait aggression, and prosocial behavior. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results showed that deviant peer affiliation mediated the effects of VVGE, thus supporting the new paths of GAM and broadening the current understanding of the consequences of VVGE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenshuo Yi
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingchen Wei
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Research Center of Mental Health Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Characterizing Parent–Child Interactions in Families of Autistic Children in Late Childhood. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci11030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parent–child interactions are influential to a wide range of positive developmental processes in neurotypical children, yet contributions to our understanding of these interactions using observational methods in families of children on the autism spectrum are lacking. The aim of the current study is to investigate how autism symptoms might impact these interactions. We use a family discussion task to: (1) compare families of autistic children aged 8–12 years (n = 21) to families of typically developing children (n = 21, matched on age and cognitive abilities) on the observed levels of supportive and directive behaviors in the parent–child relationship, and (2) examine the associations between parent–child interaction characteristics and child functioning. Results showed no differences in the observed levels of supportive behavior exhibited by parents, but significantly less supportive behavior in autistic children compared to neurotypical children. In addition, parents of autistic children had higher levels of observed directive behavior compared to parents of neurotypical children. Levels of supportive behavior in parents and autistic children were negatively associated with child ADHD symptoms. Findings reinforce literature on younger children describing positive parenting characteristics and further rebuke historical accounts of negative parenting qualities of parents of autistic children.
Collapse
|
15
|
Fosco GM, Sloan CJ, Fang S, Feinberg ME. Family vulnerability and disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic: prospective pathways to child maladjustment. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:47-57. [PMID: 34101185 PMCID: PMC8242729 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluated two risk pathways that may account for increases in child internalizing and externalizing problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: one pathway operating through pre-existing family vulnerability and a second pathway operating through disruption in family functioning occurring in response to the pandemic. We assessed family disruption and family functioning with measures of key family-level and parenting dimensions, including family cohesion, conflict and routines, and parents' harsh discipline, lax discipline and warmth. In all models, pre-pandemic parent emotional distress, financial strain and child maladjustment were included as covariates. METHODS The sample included 204 families, comprised of parents who had children (MAge = 4.17; 45.1% girls). Parents (MAge = 27.43) completed the first survey prior to COVID-19 onset in the United States, a second survey after COVID-19 onset in May 2020 and a third survey two weeks later. RESULTS Analyses were conducted in a model-building fashion, first computing structural equation models for each family and parenting dimension separately, then advancing significant dimensions into one integrated model for the family-level factors and a second model for parenting quality factors. Results provided more support for the family disruption hypothesis across all tests. In the family-level domain, decreases in family cohesion and increases in family conflict each uniquely predicted subsequent child maladjustment. In the parenting domain, increases in harsh discipline and lax discipline each uniquely predicted subsequent child maladjustment. Family routines and parental warmth were not associated with child adjustment. However, parents' emotional distress prior to the pandemic exhibited a robust association with children's internalizing problems. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that efforts to support families in adapting to unique conditions of the pandemic will yield the greatest effect for child adjustment. Specifically, interventions should include efforts to help families maintain cohesion and manage conflict, and help parents minimize increases in harsh and lax discipline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shichen Fang
- The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chaku N, Beltz AM. Using temporal network methods to reveal the idiographic nature of development. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 62:159-190. [PMID: 35249681 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Averages dominate developmental science: There are representative groups, mean trajectories, and generalizations to typical children. Nearly all parents and teachers, however, eagerly proclaim that few youth are average; each child, adolescent, and young adult is unique. Indeed, individual youth are the focus of many eminent developmental theories, yet there is a shocking paucity of developmental methods-including study designs and analysis techniques-that truly afford individual-level inferences. Thus, the goal of this chapter is to explicate the advantages of an idiographic approach to developmental science, that is, an approach that provides insight into individual youth, often by studying within-person variation in intensive longitudinal data, such as densely coded observations, repeated daily or momentary assessments, and functional neuroimages. In three domains across development, the chapter illustrates the benefits of an idiographic approach by comparing empirical conclusions offered by traditional mean-based analysis techniques versus techniques that leverage the temporal and individualized nature of intensive longitudinal data. The chapter then concentrates on group iterative multiple model estimation (GIMME), which is an analysis technique that uses intensive longitudinal data to create youth-specific temporal networks, detailing how brain regions or behaviors are directionally related across time. The promise of GIMME is exemplified by applications to three different domains across development. The chapter closes by encouraging future idiographic developmental science to consider how research questions, study designs, and data analyses can be formed, implemented, and conducted in ways that optimize inferences about individual-not average-youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Chaku
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Adriene M Beltz
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Belser CT, Prescod DJ. Conceptualizing COVID-19-Related Career Concerns Using Bioecological Systems: Implications for Career Practice. THE CAREER DEVELOPMENT QUARTERLY 2021; 69:355-370. [PMID: 35463740 PMCID: PMC9015366 DOI: 10.1002/cdq.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The COVID‐19 pandemic has affected many aspects of the global society, including the workforce, with many effects yet to be seen. Career professionals in various settings are positioned to support clients and students through pandemic‐related career concerns. Bronfenbrenner's (1979, 2001, 2005) bioecological systems model provides a framework that can aid in conceptualizing clients' and students' presenting issues within the complex nature of their environments. In this theoretical article, we contextualize COVID‐19‐related career concerns through a bioecological systems lens and integrate four contemporary approaches to career work. Two fictional case studies illustrate how career professionals can integrate these approaches.
Collapse
|
18
|
Macháčková K, Dudík R, Zelený J, Kolářová D, Vinš Z, Riedl M. Forest Manners Exchange: Forest as a Place to Remedy Risky Behaviour of Adolescents: Mixed Methods Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115725. [PMID: 34073575 PMCID: PMC8199475 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper evaluates the impact of the forest environment on aggressive manifestations in adolescents. A remedial educative programme was performed with 68 teenagers from institutions with substitute social care with diagnoses F 30.0 (affective disorders) and F 91.0 (family-related behavioural disorders), aged 12–16 years. Adolescents observed patterns of prosocial behaviour in forest animals (wolves, wild boars, deer, bees, ants, squirrels and birds), based on the fact that processes and interactions in nature are analogous to proceedings and bonds in human society. The methodology is based on qualitative and quantitative research. Projective tests (Rorschach Test, Hand Test, Thematic Apperception Test) were used as a diagnostic tool for aggressive manifestations before and after forest therapies based on Shinrin-yoku, wilderness therapy, observational learning and forest pedagogy. Probands underwent 16 therapies lasting for two hours each. The experimental intervention has a statistically significant effect on the decreased final values relating to psychopathology, irritability, restlessness, emotional instability, egocentrism, relativity, and negativism. Forest animals demonstrated to these adolescents ways of communication, cooperation, adaptability, and care for others, i.e., characteristics without which no community can work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Macháčková
- Department of Forestry and Wood Economics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 6-Suchdol, 16500 Praha, Czech Republic; (R.D.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Roman Dudík
- Department of Forestry and Wood Economics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 6-Suchdol, 16500 Praha, Czech Republic; (R.D.); (M.R.)
| | - Jiří Zelený
- Department of Hotel Management, Institute of Hospitality Management in Prague, Svídnická 506, 18200 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.Z.); (Z.V.)
| | - Dana Kolářová
- Department of Languages, Institute of Hospitality Management in Prague, 18200 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Zbyněk Vinš
- Department of Hotel Management, Institute of Hospitality Management in Prague, Svídnická 506, 18200 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.Z.); (Z.V.)
| | - Marcel Riedl
- Department of Forestry and Wood Economics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 6-Suchdol, 16500 Praha, Czech Republic; (R.D.); (M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Burrow A, Agans J, Jeon H, Creim M. Are All Purposes Worth Having? Integrating Content and Strength in Purpose Research. Hum Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1159/000515176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A prevailing belief is that a sense of purpose in life is worth having, based on evidence that it predicts greater psychological functioning, social relationships, physical health, and longevity. Yet, whether the benefits of having a sense of purpose persist across all contents – or the actual substance of one’s aspirations – lingers as a critical blind spot within this literature. Here, we contend that an ecological systems perspective is needed to contextualize how purpose content either enables or extinguishes the benefits of feeling purposeful. We nominate congruence (the fit between a purpose and ecological conditions) and feasibility (the ease with which a purpose can be pursued) as measurable features of purpose content that fuse people and contexts and potentiate whether a sense of purpose proves favorable. Greater congruence and feasibility should orchestrate support for purpose-related goals, actions, and justifications, thus amplifying the likelihood of positive outcomes. Practical strategies for integrating the congruence and feasibility of individuals’ aspirations within the study of purpose are discussed.
Collapse
|
20
|
Fosco GM, Lydon-Staley DM. Implications of Family Cohesion and Conflict for Adolescent Mood and Well-Being: Examining Within- and Between-Family Processes on a Daily Timescale. FAMILY PROCESS 2020; 59:1672-1689. [PMID: 31802491 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Family-level conflict and cohesion are well-established predictors of adolescent mental health. However, traditional approaches focusing on between-family differences in cohesion and conflict may overlook daily intrafamily variability that might provide important new information. We used data from a 21-day daily diary protocol in a sample of 151 caregivers (95.3% female) and their adolescent child (61.5% female) in two-caregiver families to test whether daily changes in family functioning are associated with daily changes in adolescent well-being and whether adolescent well-being depends on average levels of family functioning. We examined family cohesion and conflict in relation to adolescent angry, depressed, and anxious mood, as well as happiness, life satisfaction, and meaning and purpose in life in multilevel models. Both cohesion and conflict exhibited meaningful daily variation. Adolescent-reported cohesion and conflict had unique within-family associations with all six adolescent outcomes. Models using parent reports of family functioning yielded fewer associations than models with adolescent reports; however, several findings remained. Cross-level interactions indicated that within-family variations in cohesion were only associated with adolescent depression in families with lower average levels of cohesion across days. In sum, this study provides compelling evidence that families exhibit meaningful variability from day to day and that daily variation has important implications for adolescent well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory M Fosco
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
LoBraico EJ, Bray BC, Feinberg ME, Fosco GM. Constellations of family risk for long-term adolescent antisocial behavior. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2020; 34:587-597. [PMID: 32052984 PMCID: PMC7375013 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent antisocial behavior (ASB) can have long-term individual and societal consequences. Much of the research on the development of ASB considers risk and protective factors in isolation or as cumulative indices, likely overlooking the co-occurring and interacting nature of these factors. Guided by theories of ASB risk (i.e., coercive family process, disengagement), this study uses latent profile analysis to evaluate whether there are subgroups of families in the population that conform to specific constellations of risk factors prescribed by established theories of risk for ASB, and whether subgroup membership confers differential risk for different ASBs. We leveraged a large sample of adolescents in Fall, Grade 6 (N = 5,300; Mage = 11.8; 50.9% female) for subgroup analysis, and predicted aggression, antisocial peer behavior, and substance use in Spring, Grade 8. Four family profiles were identified: Coercive (15%), characterized by high family conflict, low positive family climate, low parental involvement, low effective discipline, low adolescent positive engagement, and low parental knowledge; Disengaged (41%), characterized by low positive family climate, low parental involvement, low adolescent positive engagement, and low parental knowledge; Permissive (11%), characterized by high parental involvement, low effective discipline, high adolescent positive engagement, high parental knowledge, and high family conflict; and High Functioning (34% prevalence). In turn, group membership predicted long-term outcomes. Adolescents in Coercive families were at highest risk for ASB during Grade 8, followed by those in Disengaged and Permissive profiles; all three of which were at greater risk than adolescents in High Functioning families for every outcome. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bethany C. Bray
- Methodology Center, Pennsylvania State University
- Center for Dissemination and Implementation Science, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | | | - Gregory M. Fosco
- Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University
- Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang X, Yang J, Wang P, Zhang Y, Li B, Xie X, Lei L. Deviant Peer Affiliation and Bullying Perpetration in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Moral Disengagement and the Moderating Role of Moral Identity. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 154:199-213. [DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2019.1696733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yixuan Zhang
- Taiyuan University of Technology (Mingxiang Campus)
| | | | | | - Li Lei
- Renmin University of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Leve LD, Griffin AM, Natsuaki MN, Harold GT, Neiderhiser JM, Ganiban JM, Shaw DS, Reiss D. Longitudinal examination of pathways to peer problems in middle childhood: A siblings-reared-apart design. Dev Psychopathol 2019; 31:1633-1647. [PMID: 31439063 PMCID: PMC6854293 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579419000890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To advance research from Dishion and others on associations between parenting and peer problems across childhood, we used a sample of 177 sibling pairs reared apart since birth (because of adoption of one of the siblings) to examine associations between parental hostility and children's peer problems when children were ages 7 and 9.5 years (n = 329 children). We extended conventional cross-lagged parent-peer models by incorporating child inhibitory control as an additional predictor and examining genetic contributions via birth mother psychopathology. Path models indicated a cross-lagged association from parental hostility to later peer problems. When child inhibitory control was included, birth mother internalizing symptoms were associated with poorer child inhibitory control, which was associated with more parental hostility and peer problems. The cross-lagged paths from parental hostility to peer problems were no longer significant in the full model. Multigroup analyses revealed that the path from birth mother internalizing symptoms to child inhibitory control was significantly higher for birth parent-reared children, indicating the possible contribution of passive gene-environment correlation to this association. Exploratory analyses suggested that each child's unique rearing context contributed to his or her inhibitory control and peer behavior. Implications for the development of evidence-based interventions are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie D Leve
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Amanda M Griffin
- Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Misaki N Natsuaki
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Gordon T Harold
- School of Psychology, Andrew and Virginia Rudd Centre for Adoption Research and Practice, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Jenae M Neiderhiser
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Jody M Ganiban
- Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Daniel S Shaw
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kulik L. Work–home conflict, antecedents and outcomes: a life-stage perspective among working parents. CAREER DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/cdi-06-2018-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine differences in work interferes with family (WIF) and family interferes with work (FIW) conflicts, their antecedents and their outcomes throughout the parenting life cycle. The following parenting stages were compared: parenthood to preschool-age children, parenthood to school-age children, parenthood to adolescents, parenthood to offspring at the launching stage and parenthood to offspring at the empty-nest stage.
Design/methodology/approach
The sample included 549 working parents in Israel (270 fathers and 279 mothers). The criterion for inclusion was fulfilling the dual roles of parent and paid worker. The research questionnaires were distributed in workplaces in diverse organizations: high-tech companies, government ministries, factories and business organizations.
Findings
Levels of WIF and FIW conflicts are highest during the early parenthood stages. Overload peaks during parenthood to adolescents and during the empty-nest stage. The later stages in the parenting life cycle (the launching and empty-nest stages) benefit parents: WIF and FIW conflicts are relatively low, mental well-being is relatively high and the number of roles that parents perform is higher than in earlier stages. Along the entire parenting life cycle, fathers experience higher levels of WIF conflict than mothers, but no gender differences were found in FIW conflict.
Practical implications
Public policy should encourage employers to develop a family-friendly approach and consider the needs of both parents, based on the understanding that in addition to being breadwinners, fathers and mothers today both participate in housework and in raising children.
Originality/value
From a theoretical perspective, the research conclusions may provide understandings for how to integrate the parental stage as a key variable in theorizing about the experience of stressors in the work–home interface.
Collapse
|
25
|
Jung J, Busching R, Krahé B. Catching aggression from one's peers: A longitudinal and multilevel analysis. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
26
|
Merrin GJ, Davis JP, Berry D, Espelage DL. Developmental Changes in Deviant and Violent Behaviors from Early to Late Adolescence: Associations with Parental Monitoring and Peer Deviance. PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE 2018; 9:196-208. [PMID: 30984466 PMCID: PMC6454571 DOI: 10.1037/vio0000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The continuity of adolescent deviant and violent behaviors have serious implications for engagement in criminal activities in adulthood. The current study examined parenting and peer ecologies on the development of deviant and violent behaviors during adolescence. METHOD An accelerated longitudinal design was used to analyze the associations of parental monitoring and peer deviance on the trajectories of adolescent deviant and violent behaviors from Spring of 5th grade through Spring of 11th grade (N = 1,162). A series of multilevel models were fitted to the data using full information maximum-likelihood estimation. Between- and within-person associations were used to test the moderating effects of parental monitoring on the development of deviant and violent behaviors. RESULTS Changes in deviant and violent behaviors were evident across adolescence. Support for the moderating effect of between- and within-person parental monitoring on the development of deviant and violent behaviors in adolescence was found. Two cross-level interactions among within-person peer deviance and between-person parental monitoring, and within-person parental monitoring and between-person peer deviance were found, suggesting support for the moderating effect of parental monitoring. Additionally, a significant interaction among between-person parental monitoring and between-person peer deviance indicated that individuals who reported lower levels of parental monitoring and higher levels of peer deviance reported the highest levels of deviant and violent behaviors, and adolescents who reported higher levels of parental monitoring and higher levels of peer deviance reported less positive growth. CONCLUSION The findings underscore the important role parents play in offsetting the adverse outcomes of having deviant friends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordan P Davis
- University of Southern California, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, Department of Children, Youth, and Families
| | - Daniel Berry
- University of Minnesota, Institute of Child Development
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhu J, Yu C, Bao Z, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Chen Y, Qiu B, Zhang J. Deviant Peer Affiliation as an Explanatory Mechanism in the Association between Corporal Punishment and Physical Aggression: a Longitudinal Study among Chinese Adolescents. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 45:1537-1551. [PMID: 28070756 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has focused primarily on corporal punishment as a cause and adolescents' physical aggression as an outcome. However, there is a large gap in knowledge of the potentially bidirectional association and explanatory mechanism underlying the association between corporal punishment and physical aggression. The current study, using a longitudinal design across three time points (the fall semester of 7th grade, the fall of 8th grade, and the fall of 9th grade), aimed to a) examine the reciprocal processes between corporal punishment and physical aggression, and b) explore whether deviant peer affiliation may explain such reciprocal connections. Only adolescents participating in all the three time points were included in this study, resulting in a final sample of 342 adolescents (175 boys, 167 girls) who completed questionnaires regarding corporal punishment, deviant peer affiliation, and aggression. Gender, age and socioeconomic status were controlled for in the analyses. Autoregressive cross-lagged models showed that the results did not support the direct reciprocal effect between corporal punishment and physical aggression among Chinese adolescents. A direct longitudinal link from corporal punishment to physical aggression was found, however, the inverse association was not significant. Moreover, regarding the longitudinal underlying process, in one direction, corporal punishment at 7th grade predicted higher levels of deviant peer affiliation at 8th grade. In turn, higher deviant peer affiliation at 8th grade predicted increased physical aggression at 9th grade. At the same time, in the other direction, adolescent physical aggression at 7th grade significantly predicted deviant peer affiliation at 8th grade. In turn, higher deviant peer affiliation at 8th grade predicted decreased corporal punishment at 9th grade. Identifying the direct and underlying reciprocal processes between corporal punishment and adolescent physical aggression has important implications for an integrative framework of theory and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhu
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengfu Yu
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenzhou Bao
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyu Qiu
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Psychology & Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gonzales NA, Liu Y, Jensen M, Tein JY, White RM, Deardorff J. Externalizing and internalizing pathways to Mexican American adolescents' risk taking. Dev Psychopathol 2017; 29:1371-1390. [PMID: 28367763 PMCID: PMC5575951 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study used four waves of data from a longitudinal study of 749 Mexican origin youths to test a developmental cascades model linking contextual adversity in the family and peer domains in late childhood to a sequence of unfolding processes hypothesized to predict problem substance use and risky sexual activity (greater number of sex partners) in late adolescence. Externalizing and internalizing problems were tested as divergent pathways, with youth-reported and mother-reported symptoms examined in separate models. Youth gender, nativity, and cultural orientation were tested as moderators. Family risk, peer social rejection, and their interaction were prospectively related to externalizing symptoms and deviant peer involvement, although family risk showed stronger effects on parent-reported externalizing and peer social rejection showed stronger effects on youth-reported externalizing. Externalizing symptoms and deviant peers were related, in turn, to risk taking in late adolescence, including problem alcohol-substance use and number of sexual partners. Peer social rejection predicted youth-reported internalizing symptoms, and internalizing was related, in turn, to problem alcohol and substance use in late adolescence. Tests of moderation showed some of these developmental cascades were stronger for adolescents who were female, less oriented to mainstream cultural values, and more oriented to Mexican American cultural values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | - Jenn Yun Tein
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
| | - Rebecca M.B. White
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
| | - Julianna Deardorff
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lee TK, Wickrama KAS, O'Neal CW, Lorenz FO. Social stratification of general psychopathology trajectories and young adult social outcomes: A second-order growth mixture analysis over the early life course. J Affect Disord 2017; 208:375-383. [PMID: 27810721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has documented heterogeneous developmental trajectories of specific symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, in late childhood and adolescence. Few studies, however, have examined the heterogeneity of general psychopathology (GPP) trajectories considering symptoms of anxiety, depression, and hostility in adolescence simultaneously. Identifying antecedents for distinct trajectory groups of GPP, and their respective consequences, may provide insight into the etiological underpinnings of social antecedents of different symptoms and inform the targets and timing of intervention. METHODS European American target adolescents (N=444, 53% female) evaluated three domain specific symptoms (i.e., symptoms of anxiety, depression, and hostility) as well as psychosocial risks and social consequences over 10 years (from 1990 [Wave 2] to 2001 [Wave 13]). First- and second-order growth mixture models (SOGMMs) were used to identify trajectories of GPP and specific symptoms from mid-adolescence through young adulthood, as well as their predictors and consequences. RESULTS A three-class model consisting of high and escalating (10.1%), high and decreasing (23.2%), and consistently low (66.7%) GPP emerged as the preferred solution. More predictors and outcomes were associated with membership in both the high and escalating and the high and declining classes of GPP compared to corresponding classes of the specific symptoms trajectories. LIMITATIONS Self-reported information regarding three symptoms may be a source of bias within the current study. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that unified interventions and/or prevention efforts are needed to not only assess specific symptoms, but also to treat GPP in adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kyoung Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, USA.
| | - Kandauda A S Wickrama
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
de Vries SLA, Hoeve M, Stams GJJM, Asscher JJ. Adolescent-Parent Attachment and Externalizing Behavior: The Mediating Role of Individual and Social Factors. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 44:283-94. [PMID: 25772427 PMCID: PMC4729816 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-015-9999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test whether the associations between adolescent-parent attachment and externalizing problem behavior of adolescents were mediated by adolescent cognitive distortions, self-esteem, parental monitoring and association with deviant peers. A total of 102 adolescents (71 % male; aged 12-19 years) at risk for developing delinquent behaviors reported on attachment, parental monitoring, aggressive and delinquent behavior and peers. Mediation effects were tested by using structural equation modeling. Different pathways were found depending on the type of externalizing behavior. The association between attachment and direct and indirect aggressive behavior was mediated by cognitive distortions. The relation between attachment and delinquency was mediated by deviant peers and parental monitoring. We argue that clinical practice should focus on the attachment relationship between adolescent and parents in order to positively affect risk and protective factors for adolescents' aggressive and delinquent behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne L A de Vries
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 15780, 1001 NG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Machteld Hoeve
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan J M Stams
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica J Asscher
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Avci D, Kilic M, Tari Selcuk K, Uzuncakmak T. Levels of Aggression among Turkish Adolescents and Factors Leading to Aggression. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2016; 37:476-84. [PMID: 27111434 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2016.1155680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aggression, an increasing problem among adolescents, is a potential threat to public health as it can lead to violence. Determining the factors causing aggression plays an important role in taking measures to reduce violence. This study aimed at determining the level of aggression among adolescents and at identifying the factors associated with high levels of aggression. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,409 Turkish adolescents. Data were collected with the Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Aggression Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Communication Skills Attitude Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, t-test, and logistic regression. The participants' mean aggression score was 91.83 ± 24.05, and 24.0% of the adolescents' aggression levels rated high. According to the logistic regression model, aggression was 1.26 times higher among males, 1.92 times higher among those who perceived their mental health as poor, 1.58 times higher among those with suicidal ideation, 1.29 times higher among those who did not get prepared for university entrance exams, and 1.62 times higher among those who perceived their school performance as poor. Perceived family social support was a protective factor against high aggression. Approximately one out of every four adolescents in the two Turkish high schools where the study was conducted was determined to display high levels of aggression. Therefore, in order to reduce aggression among adolescents, programs such as coping management and coping with anger should be applied by nurses. Programs should include not only students but also families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Avci
- a Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University , Faculty of Health Sciences , Balikesir , Turkey
| | - Mahmut Kilic
- b Bozok University Health High School , Yozgat , Turkey
| | - Kevser Tari Selcuk
- a Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University , Faculty of Health Sciences , Balikesir , Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Alami A, Shahghasemi Z, Davarinia Motlagh Ghochan A, Baratpour F. Students' Aggression and Its Relevance to Personal, Family, and Social Factors. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 17:e20017. [PMID: 26756005 PMCID: PMC4706712 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.20017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Aggression is defined as behaviors intended to hurt, harm, or injure another person. Aggression is by no means a new concern in human society, especially in youth. Universities are among the institutions in which most of the members are young people and because of facing with various personal and social stressors, the students usually experience high level of stress. Objectives: This study aimed to determine aggression among university students and its association with their personal, family, and social characteristics. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, analytic study was conducted on a representative sample (n = 809) of university students (1 state university and 2 private universities) locating in Gonabad, Iran in 2012. Using proportional to size stratified sampling, we selected the respondents and gathered the required data using a valid and reliable questionnaire. The data were entered into SPSS (version 20) and analyzed through t test, ANOVA, and regression model. Results: A total of 381 (47.2%) male and 428 (52.8%) female students participated in the study. Mean (SD) age of the respondents was 21.79 (2.86) years. Overall mean aggression score (SD) in the students was 72.45 (15.49) and this score for in dorm and out of dorm students was 74.31 (15.59) and 70.93 (15.23), respectively. There were significant associations between the mean aggression score of dormitory students and sex (P = 0.004), age (P = 0.044), and type of the university (P = 0.039). On the other hand, there was no significant association between all independent factors and mean aggression score of students living out of dorm. Conclusions: Regarding the control of aggressive behaviors, paying attention to male, young students living in dormitory, especially in non-governmental universities has the highest priority.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alami
- Department of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IR Iran
| | - Zohreh Shahghasemi
- Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Arezoo Davarinia Motlagh Ghochan
- Department of Operating and Anesthesia, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Arezoo Davarinia Motlagh Ghochan, Department of Operating and Anesthesia, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9391019058, Fax: +98-5337223814, E-mail:
| | - Fateme Baratpour
- Department of Operating and Anesthesia, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Maternal Emotion Regulation and Adolescent Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Family Functioning and Parenting. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 45:2321-2335. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
34
|
Morris AM, Mrug S, Windle M. From Family Violence to Dating Violence: Testing a Dual Pathway Model. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 44:1819-35. [PMID: 26208831 PMCID: PMC6679925 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Risk factors for adolescent perpetration of or victimization by dating violence stem from different levels of adolescents' social ecologies, including the family, individual, and peer domains. However, these multiple risk factors have not been fully integrated into a single comprehensive model of dating violence development. The present study examined prospective links between exposure to family violence in pre-adolescence; pro-violent beliefs, aggression, deviant peer affiliation, and aggression toward opposite-sex peers in early adolescence and dating violence in late adolescence. Using a longitudinal study of 461 youth (51 % female; 80 % African American, 19 % Caucasian, 1 % other ethnicities), path modeling evaluated a theoretically developed dual pathway model involving a general violence pathway and an early romantic aggression pathway. Each pathway links exposure to family violence in pre-adolescence with early adolescent pro-violent beliefs and/or aggressive behavior. In both pathways, pro-violent beliefs may reinforce aggressive behaviors between same-sex and opposite-sex peers, as well as strengthen bonds with deviant peers. In the last part of both pathways, aggressive behavior and peer deviance in early adolescence may contribute directly to late adolescent dating violence perpetration and victimization. The findings provided support for both pathways, as well as sex differences in the model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Madan Morris
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 5665 Ponce de Leon Blvd, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Schlomer GL, Cleveland HH, Vandenbergh DJ, Feinberg ME, Neiderhiser JM, Greenberg MT, Spoth R, Redmond C. Developmental differences in early adolescent aggression: a gene × environment × intervention analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 44:581-97. [PMID: 25319639 PMCID: PMC4324089 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0198-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aggression-related problems such as assault and homicide among adolescents and young adults exact considerable social and economic costs. Although progress has been made, additional research is needed to help combat this persistent problem. Several lines of research indicate that parental hostility is an especially potent predictor of adolescent aggression, although most longitudinal research has focused on clarifying the direction of effects. In this study, we used longitudinal data from the PROSPER project (N = 580; 54.8% female), a primarily rural Caucasian preventative intervention sample, to examine developmental change in early- to mid-adolescent aggressive behavior problems (age 11-16 years). In addition, we examined maternal hostility as a predictor of developmental change in aggression and the PROSPER preventative intervention, designed to reduce substance use and aggression, as a potential influence on this association. Lastly, several studies indicate that variation in the DRD4 7-repeat gene moderates both parenting and intervention influences on externalizing behavior. Accordingly, we examined the potential moderating role of DRD4. As hypothesized, there was a significant maternal hostility by intervention interaction indicating that the intervention reduced the negative impact of maternal hostility on adolescent change in aggressive behavior problems. DRD4 7-repeat status (7+ vs. 7-) further conditioned this association whereby control group 7+ adolescents with hostile mothers showed increasing aggressive behavior problems. In contrast, aggression decreased for 7+ adolescents with similarly hostile mothers in the intervention. Implications for prevention are discussed as well as current perspectives in candidate gene-by-environment interaction research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel L. Schlomer
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - H. Harrington Cleveland
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - David J. Vandenbergh
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Neuroscience Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Genetics Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Mark E. Feinberg
- Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jenae M. Neiderhiser
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Mark T. Greenberg
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Richard Spoth
- Partnershps in Prevention Science Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Cleve Redmond
- Partnershps in Prevention Science Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bowen NK, Wretman CJ. Rural neighborhoods and child aggression. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 54:304-315. [PMID: 25205545 DOI: 10.1007/s10464-014-9673-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Structural equation modeling with latent variables was used to evaluate the direct and mediated effects of a neighborhood risk factor (negative teen behaviors) on the parent-report aggressive behavior of 213 students in grades 3 through 5 attending a school in a low-income, rural community. Contagion and social control hypotheses were examined as well as hypotheses about whether the neighborhood served as a microsystem or exosystem for rural pre-adolescents. Analyses took into account the clustering of students and ordinal nature of the data. Findings suggest that rural neighborhoods may operate as both a microsystem and exosystem for children, with direct contagion effects on their aggressive behaviors as well as indirect social control effects through parenting practices. Direct effects on aggression were also found for parenting practices and child reports of friends' negative behaviors. Pre-adolescence may be a transitional stage, when influences of the neighborhood on child behavior begin to compete with influences of caregivers. Findings can inform the timing and targets of violence prevention in rural communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha K Bowen
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3550, USA,
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Halgunseth LC, Perkins DF, Lippold MA, Nix RL. Delinquent-oriented attitudes mediate the relation between parental inconsistent discipline and early adolescent behavior. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2013; 27:293-302. [PMID: 23544924 PMCID: PMC3881539 DOI: 10.1037/a0031962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although substantial research supports the association between parental inconsistent discipline and early adolescent behaviors, less is understood on mechanisms underlying this relation. This study examined the mediating influence of delinquent-oriented attitudes in early adolescence. Using a longitudinal sample of 324 rural adolescents and their parents, findings revealed that inconsistent discipline in sixth grade predicted an increase in adolescent delinquent-oriented attitudes by seventh grade which, in turn, predicted both an increase in early adolescent antisocial behaviors and a decrease in socially competent behaviors by eighth grade. Therefore, it appears that accepting attitudes toward delinquency may in part develop from experiencing inconsistent discipline at home and may offer a possible explanation as to why early adolescents later engage in more antisocial and less socially competent behaviors. Findings may inform family-based preventive intervention programs that seek to decrease behavior problems and promote social competence in early adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda C Halgunseth
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Connecticut, 99 East Main Street, Waterbury, CT 06702, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Adolescent caffeine consumption and self-reported violence and conduct disorder. J Youth Adolesc 2013; 42:1053-62. [PMID: 23358888 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-013-9917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is the most widely used psychoactive substance in the world and currently the only one legally available to children and adolescents. The sale and use of caffeinated beverages has increased markedly among adolescents during the last decade. However, research on caffeine use and behaviors among adolescents is scarce. We investigate the relationship between adolescent caffeine use and self-reported violent behaviors and conduct disorders in a population-based cross-sectional sample of 3,747 10th grade students (15-16 years of age, 50.2 % girls) who were enrolled in the Icelandic national education system during February 2012. Through a series of multiple regression models, while controlling for background factors, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms and current medication and peer delinquency, and including measures on substance use, our findings show robust additive explanatory power of caffeine for both violent behaviors and conduct disorders. In addition, the association of caffeine to the outcomes is significantly stronger for girls than boys for both violent behaviors and conduct disorders. Future studies are needed to examine to what extent, if at all, these relationships are causal. Indication of causal connections between caffeine consumption and negative outcomes such as those reported here would call into question the acceptability of current policies concerning the availability of caffeine to adolescents and the targeting of adolescence in the marketing of caffeine products.
Collapse
|