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Wang H, Li X, Li J, Yu F, Li Q, Qin M, Gui L, Qian Y, Huang M. Long-term exposure to ionic liquid [C 8mim]Br induces the potential risk of anxiety and memory deterioration through disturbing neurotransmitter systems. Neurotoxicology 2024; 104:66-74. [PMID: 39084264 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C8mim]Br), one of the ionic liquids (ILs), has been used in various fields as an alternative green solvent of conventional organic solvents. Increased application and stabilization of imidazole ring structure lead to its release into the aquatic environment and long-term retention. Structure-activity relationship consideration suggested that ILs may be acetylcholinesterase inhibitors; however, neurotoxicity in vivo, especially the underlying mechanisms is rarely studied. In this study, the zebrafish were exposed to 2.5-10 mg/L [C8mim]Br for 28 days to comprehensively evaluate the neurotoxicity of ILs on adult zebrafish from the behavioral profiles and neurotransmitter systems for the first time. The results indicate that zebrafish exhibit suppressed spatial working memory and anxious behaviors. To assess the potential neurotoxic mechanisms underlying the behavioral responses of zebrafish, we measured the levels of neurotransmitters and precursors, key enzyme activities, and expression levels of relevant genes. Nissl staining showed significant neural cell death in zebrafish after 28-day [C8mim]Br exposure, with corresponding decreases in the levels of neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, glutamate, 5-hydroxytryptophan, gamma-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, and norepinephrine). Furthermore, these results were associated with mRNA expression levels of the disrupted neurotransmitter key genes (th, tph2, mao, slc6a3, ache, gad67). Overall, our study determined that [C8mim]Br caused potential mental disorders like anxiety and memory deterioration in zebrafish by impairing neurotransmitter systems, providing recommendations for the industrial production and application of [C8mim]Br.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangyingzi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xuhua Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Fan Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mijia Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lin Gui
- Shanghai American School, Pudong District, Shanghai 201201, China
| | - Yajie Qian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Manhong Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Kim MJ, Cho SH, Seo Y, Kim SD, Park HC, Kim BJ. Neuro-Restorative Effect of Nimodipine and Calcitriol in 1-Methyl 4-Phenyl 1,2,3,6 Tetrahydropyridine-Induced Zebrafish Parkinson's Disease Model. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2024; 67:510-520. [PMID: 38130142 PMCID: PMC11375070 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2023.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The treatment of PD aims to alleviate motor symptoms by replacing the reduced endogenous dopamine. Currently, there are no disease-modifying agents for the treatment of PD. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as an effective tool for new drug discovery and screening in the age of translational research. The neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is known to cause a similar loss of dopaminergic neurons in the human midbrain, with corresponding Parkinsonian symptoms. L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) have been implicated in the generation of mitochondrial oxidative stress, which underlies the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, we investigated the neuro-restorative effect of LTCC inhibition in an MPTP-induced zebrafish PD model and suggested a possible drug candidate that might modify the progression of PD. METHODS All experiments were conducted using a line of transgenic zebrafish, Tg(dat:EGFP), in which green fluorescent protein (GFP) is expressed in dopaminergic neurons. The experimental groups were exposed to 500 μmol MPTP from 1 to 3 days post fertilization (dpf). The drug candidates : levodopa 1 mmol, nifedipine 10 μmol, nimodipine 3.5 μmol, diethylstilbestrol 0.3 μmol, luteolin 100 μmol, and calcitriol 0.25 μmol were exposed from 3 to 5 dpf. Locomotor activity was assessed by automated tracking and dopaminergic neurons were visualized in vivo by confocal microscopy. RESULTS Levodopa, nimodipine, diethylstilbestrol, and calcitriol had significant positive effects on the restoration of motor behavior, which was damaged by MPTP. Nimodipine and calcitriol have significant positive effects on the restoration of dopaminergic neurons, which were reduced by MPTP. Through locomotor analysis and dopaminergic neuron quantification, we identified the neuro-restorative effects of nimodipine and calcitriol in zebrafish MPTP-induced PD model. CONCLUSION The present study identified the neuro-restorative effects of nimodipine and calcitriol in an MPTP-induced zebrafish model of PD. They restored dopaminergic neurons which were damaged due to the effects of MPTP and normalized the locomotor activity. LTCCs have potential pathological roles in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Zebrafish are highly amenable to high-throughput drug screening and might, therefore, be a useful tool to work towards the identification of diseasemodifying treatment for PD. Further studies including zebrafish genetic models to elucidate the mechanism of action of the diseasemodifying candidate by investigating Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial function in dopaminergic neurons, are needed to reveal the pathogenesis of PD and develop disease-modifying treatments for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Ji Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Hee Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongbo Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Dae Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Chul Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ansan Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Su Y, Xu S, Hu X, Wang R, Dong M, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhang Y, Tian Q, Han L. Rapid discovery of natural skin-lightening ingredients based on an integrated screening strategy based on molecular docking and zebrafish model. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38923657 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural herbs have been widely considered a reservoir for skin-lightening ingredients, but discovery of the effective ingredients from herbs remains a large challenge. AIM This research aimed to rapidly identify compounds with skin-lightening activity in Chinese herbs. METHODS The structure information of herbal compounds was collected and selected from the open-source data. High throughput virtual screening (HTVS) and Extra precision (XP) docking modes were used to screen for compounds that could bind to the mushroom tyrosinase involved in melanin synthesis. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were introduced to assess the binding stability of those compounds with the key target protein. The candidate compounds found by this kind of multidimensional molecular screening were finally tested for their ability to inhibit pigmentation and potential toxicity using an in vivo zebrafish animal model. RESULTS A Natural Compounds Database was established with 5616 natural compounds. Fourteen compounds with favorable binding capability were screened by the XP docking mode with mushroom tyrosinase and five compounds among them were found to have superior dynamic binding performance through MD simulations. Then the Zebrafish animal experiments revealed that two components, sennoside B (SB) and sennoside C (SC), could significantly inhibit melanogenesis rather than the other three compounds. Meanwhile, there were no obvious side effects observed in SB and SC about the morphology, heart rate, or body length of zebrafish. CONCLUSION A strategy for rapid screening of compounds with whitening activity has been established, and two potent skin-lightening compounds, SB and SC, have been identified from a vast library of herbal compounds. This study revealed that SB and SC have potential for topical use in skin lightening for the first time. The findings of this study would provide an important theoretical basis for the application of these two compounds in the cosmetic field in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Xinqi Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Ruifen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Mengxuan Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Songsong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Yougang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Qingping Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liwen Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
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Chahardehi AM, Hosseini Y, Mahdavi SM, Naseh I. The Zebrafish Model as a New Discovery Path for Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:306-314. [PMID: 36999188 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230330111712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most frequent degenerative central nervous system disorders affecting older adults. Dopaminergic neuron failure in the substantia nigra is a pathological sign connected with the motor shortfall of PD. Due to their low teratogenic and adverse effect potential, medicinal herbs have emerged as a promising therapy option for preventing and curing PD and other neurodegenerative disorders. However, the mechanism through which natural compounds provide neuroprotection against PD remains unknown. While testing compounds in vertebrates such as mice is prohibitively expensive and time-consuming, zebrafish (Danio rerio) may offer an appealing alternative because they are vertebrates and share many of the same characteristics as humans. Zebrafish are commonly used as animal models for studying many human diseases, and their molecular history and bioimaging properties are appropriate for the study of PD. However, a literature review indicated that only six plants, including Alpinia oxyhylla, Bacopa monnieri, Canavalia gladiate, Centella asiatica, Paeonia suffruticosa, and Stachytarpheta indica had been investigated as potential PD treatments using the zebrafish model. Only C. asiatica and B. monnieri were found to have potential anti-PD activity. In addition to reviewing the current state of research in this field, these plants' putative mechanisms of action against PD are explored, and accessible assays for investigation are made.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasaman Hosseini
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mahdavi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology (MUT), Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Naseh
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shen LF, He T, Zhuang JR, Hu XC, Rui XH, Huang J, Bao JF, Hu RJ. Evaluation of virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae using zebrafish behavior as a biological indicator. J Infect Chemother 2023; 29:1145-1151. [PMID: 37611744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the common pathogenic bacteria that can cause infections in hospitals and communities and can cause respiratory, urinary, and other multi-system infections. In recent years, the emergence of highly virulent and drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has greatly increased the difficulty of treatment for infection. Clinically, it is very important to accurately judge the virulence of isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae for treatment, but there is no better method to evaluate its virulence. METHODS In this study, zebrafish were used as a model organism, and the swimming distance was used as a detection index to identify clinically isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae. In this study, we selected two different strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, i.e., NTUH-K2044 and ATCC BAA-1705, with known high and low virulence, respectively, to infect zebrafish juveniles and evaluated their behavioral ability according to different bacterial concentrations and different developmental times. RESULTS It was found that highly virulent Klebsiella pneumoniae caused a significant decrease in the behavioral ability of zebrafish larvae, while low-virulence Klebsiella pneumoniae had relatively little effect. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that it is entirely feasible to assess the virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae based on behavioral ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Feng Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Tian He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Wuxi Fifth Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214005, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jia-Ru Zhuang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xi-Chi Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hong Rui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Wuxi Fifth Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214005, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xishan District, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Jun-Feng Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214005, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Ren-Jing Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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Sarasamma S, Karim A, Orengo JP. Zebrafish Models of Rare Neurological Diseases like Spinocerebellar Ataxias (SCAs): Advantages and Limitations. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1322. [PMID: 37887032 PMCID: PMC10604122 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a heterogeneous group of rare familial neurodegenerative disorders that share the key feature of cerebellar ataxia. Clinical heterogeneity, diverse gene mutations and complex neuropathology pose significant challenges for developing effective disease-modifying therapies in SCAs. Without a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved for each SCA, we cannot succeed in developing targeted therapies. Animal models are our best tool to address these issues and several have been generated to study the pathological conditions of SCAs. Among them, zebrafish (Danio rerio) models are emerging as a powerful tool for in vivo study of SCAs, as well as rapid drug screens. In this review, we will summarize recent progress in using zebrafish to study the pathology of SCAs. We will discuss recent advancements on how zebrafish models can further clarify underlying genetic, neuroanatomical, and behavioral pathogenic mechanisms of disease. We highlight their usefulness in rapid drug discovery and large screens. Finally, we will discuss the advantages and limitations of this in vivo model to develop tailored therapeutic strategies for SCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeja Sarasamma
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Anwarul Karim
- School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - James P. Orengo
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Jones RA, Renshaw MJ, Barry DJ, Smith JC. Automated staging of zebrafish embryos using machine learning. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:275. [PMID: 37614774 PMCID: PMC10442596 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18313.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish ( Danio rerio), is an important biomedical model organism used in many disciplines, including development, disease modeling and toxicology, to better understand vertebrate biology. The phenomenon of developmental delay in zebrafish embryos has been widely reported as part of a mutant or treatment-induced phenotype, and accurate characterization of such delays is imperative. Despite this, the only way at present to identify and quantify these delays is through manual observation, which is both time-consuming and subjective. Machine learning approaches in biology are rapidly becoming part of the toolkit used by researchers to address complex questions. In this work, we introduce a machine learning-based classifier that has been trained to detect temporal developmental differences across groups of zebrafish embryos. Our classifier is capable of rapidly analyzing thousands of images, allowing comparisons of developmental temporal rates to be assessed across and between experimental groups of embryos. Finally, as our classifier uses images obtained from a standard live-imaging widefield microscope and camera set-up, we envisage it will be readily accessible to the zebrafish community, and prove to be a valuable resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Jones
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Matthew J. Renshaw
- Crick Advanced Light Microscopy (CALM), The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - David J. Barry
- Crick Advanced Light Microscopy (CALM), The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - James C. Smith
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
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Jones RA, Renshaw MJ, Barry DJ, Smith JC. Automated staging of zebrafish embryos using machine learning. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:275. [PMID: 37614774 PMCID: PMC10442596 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18313.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish ( Danio rerio), is an important biomedical model organism used in many disciplines, including development, disease modeling and toxicology, to better understand vertebrate biology. The phenomenon of developmental delay in zebrafish embryos has been widely reported as part of a mutant or treatment-induced phenotype, and accurate characterization of such delays is imperative. Despite this, the only way at present to identify and quantify these delays is through manual observation, which is both time-consuming and subjective. Machine learning approaches in biology are rapidly becoming part of the toolkit used by researchers to address complex questions. In this work, we introduce a machine learning-based classifier that has been trained to detect temporal developmental differences across groups of zebrafish embryos. Our classifier is capable of rapidly analyzing thousands of images, allowing comparisons of developmental temporal rates to be assessed across and between experimental groups of embryos. Finally, as our classifier uses images obtained from a standard live-imaging widefield microscope and camera set-up, we envisage it will be readily accessible to the zebrafish community, and prove to be a valuable resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Jones
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Matthew J. Renshaw
- Crick Advanced Light Microscopy (CALM), The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - David J. Barry
- Crick Advanced Light Microscopy (CALM), The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - James C. Smith
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
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Jones RA, Renshaw MJ, Barry DJ, Smith JC. Automated staging of zebrafish embryos using machine learning. Wellcome Open Res 2023. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18313.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio), is an important biomedical model organism used in many disciplines, including development, disease modeling and toxicology, to better understand vertebrate biology. The phenomenon of developmental delay in zebrafish embryos has been widely reported as part of a mutant or treatment-induced phenotype, and accurate characterization of such delays is imperative. Despite this, the only way at present to identify and quantify these delays is through manual observation, which is both time-consuming and subjective. Machine learning approaches in biology are rapidly becoming part of the toolkit used by researchers to address complex questions. In this work, we introduce a machine learning-based classifier that has been trained to detect temporal developmental differences across groups of zebrafish embryos. Our classifier is capable of rapidly analyzing thousands of images, allowing comparisons of developmental temporal rates to be assessed across and between experimental groups of embryos. Finally, as our classifier uses images obtained from a standard live-imaging widefield microscope and camera set-up, we envisage it will be readily accessible to the zebrafish community, and prove to be a valuable resource.
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10
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Hasumi A, Maeda H. Cannabidiol improves haloperidol-induced motor dysfunction in zebrafish: a comparative study with a dopamine activating drug. J Cannabis Res 2023; 5:6. [PMID: 36871008 PMCID: PMC9985202 DOI: 10.1186/s42238-023-00177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabidiol (CBD) extracted from the cannabis plant is believed to have a medicinal value due to its neuroprotective effect via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action. Recent behavioral studies in rats have reported that CBD mediates serotonin (5-HT1A) receptor action to improve motor dysfunction induced by dopamine (D2) receptor blockade. In particular, its effect on D2 receptor blockade in the striatum is an important function associated with neurological disorders resulting from various extrapyramidal motor dysfunctions. Dopaminergic neurodegeneration associated with this site is known for inducing Parkinson's disease (PD), which often affects the elderly. It is also known to cause drug-induced Parkinsonism. This study examines the ameliorating effect of CBD, which does not act directly on D2 receptors, against drug-induced motor dysfunction induced by the antipsychotic drug (haloperidol). METHODS We created a drug-induced Parkinsonism model in zebrafish larvae using an antipsychotic drug (haloperidol). We evaluated the distance traveled and repetitive light-stimulation response. Furthermore, we examined whether administration of several concentrations of CBD ameliorates symptoms of the Parkinsonism model and compared its effects with those of antiparkinsonian drug ropinirole. RESULTS CBD concentrations equal to half of haloperidol's resulted in an almost complete reversal of haloperidol-induced motor dysfunction, as measured by the distance traveled by the zebrafish and their response to light-stimulus. While ropinirole also significantly reversed haloperidol's effects at the same concentration as CBD, CBD was more effective than ropinirole. CONCLUSIONS CBD-induced motor dysfunction improvement via D2 receptor blockade is a potential novel mechanism for the treatment of haloperidol-induced motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Hasumi
- grid.410793.80000 0001 0663 3325Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Maeda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
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Bashirzade AA, Zabegalov KN, Volgin AD, Belova AS, Demin KA, de Abreu MS, Babchenko VY, Bashirzade KA, Yenkoyan KB, Tikhonova MA, Amstislavskaya TG, Kalueff AV. Modeling neurodegenerative disorders in zebrafish. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 138:104679. [PMID: 35490912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a major cause of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, multiple and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, pontocerebellar hypoplasia, dementia and other related brain disorders. Their complex pathogenesis commonly includes genetic and neurochemical deficits, misfolded protein toxicity, demyelination, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Albeit differing in specific underlying mechanisms, neurodegenerative disorders typically display evolutionarily conserved mechanisms across taxa. Here, we review the role of zebrafish models in recapitulating major human and rodent neurodegenerative conditions, demonstrating this species as a highly relevant experimental model for research on neurodegenerative diseases, and discussing how these fish models can further clarify the underlying genetic, neurochemical, neuroanatomical and behavioral pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alim A Bashirzade
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Andrey D Volgin
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alisa S Belova
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Granov Scientific Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, St. Petersburg, Russia; Almazov Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Vladislav Ya Babchenko
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kseniya A Bashirzade
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin B Yenkoyan
- Neuroscience Laboratory, COBRAIN Center, M Heratsi Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia; COBRAIN Center - Scientific Educational Center for Fundamental Brain Research, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Maria A Tikhonova
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tamara G Amstislavskaya
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- The Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia; COBRAIN Center - Scientific Educational Center for Fundamental Brain Research, Yerevan, Armenia.
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Costas-Ferreira C, Durán R, Faro LRF. Toxic Effects of Glyphosate on the Nervous System: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4605. [PMID: 35562999 PMCID: PMC9101768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyphosate, a non-selective systemic biocide with broad-spectrum activity, is the most widely used herbicide in the world. It can persist in the environment for days or months, and its intensive and large-scale use can constitute a major environmental and health problem. In this systematic review, we investigate the current state of our knowledge related to the effects of this pesticide on the nervous system of various animal species and humans. The information provided indicates that exposure to glyphosate or its commercial formulations induces several neurotoxic effects. It has been shown that exposure to this pesticide during the early stages of life can seriously affect normal cell development by deregulating some of the signaling pathways involved in this process, leading to alterations in differentiation, neuronal growth, and myelination. Glyphosate also seems to exert a significant toxic effect on neurotransmission and to induce oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, processes that lead to neuronal death due to autophagy, necrosis, or apoptosis, as well as the appearance of behavioral and motor disorders. The doses of glyphosate that produce these neurotoxic effects vary widely but are lower than the limits set by regulatory agencies. Although there are important discrepancies between the analyzed findings, it is unequivocal that exposure to glyphosate produces important alterations in the structure and function of the nervous system of humans, rodents, fish, and invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lilian R. F. Faro
- Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (C.C.-F.); (R.D.)
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13
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Theoretical Exploring of a Molecular Mechanism for Melanin Inhibitory Activity of Calycosin in Zebrafish. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226998. [PMID: 34834088 PMCID: PMC8622928 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is an oxidase that is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin in the human body. Overproduction of melanin can lead to a variety of skin disorders. Calycosin is an isoflavone from Astragali Radix, which is a traditional Chinese medicine that exhibits several pharmacological activities including skin whitening. In our study, the inhibitory effect of calycosin on melanin production is confirmed in a zebrafish in vivo model by comparing with hydroquinone, kojic acid, and arbutin, known as tyrosinase inhibitors. Moreover, the inhibitory kinetics of calycosin on tyrosinase and their binding mechanisms are determined using molecular docking techniques, molecular dynamic simulations, and free energy analysis. The results indicate that calycosin has an obvious inhibitory effect on zebrafish pigmentation at the concentration of 7.5 μM, 15 μM, and 30 μM. The IC50 of calycosin is 30.35 μM, which is lower than hydroquinone (37.35 μM), kojic acid (6.51 × 103 μM), and arbutin (3.67 × 104 μM). Furthermore, all the results of molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and free energy analysis suggest that calycosin can directly bind to the active site of tyrosinase with very good binding affinity. The study indicates that the combination of computer molecular modeling and zebrafish in vivo assay would be feasible in confirming the result of the in vitro test and illustrating the target-binding information.
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Kalyn M, Ekker M. Cerebroventricular Microinjections of MPTP on Adult Zebrafish Induces Dopaminergic Neuronal Death, Mitochondrial Fragmentation, and Sensorimotor Impairments. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:718244. [PMID: 34512252 PMCID: PMC8432913 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.718244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that mediate the energetic supply to cells and mitigate oxidative stress through the intricate balance of fission and fusion. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a prominent feature within Parkinson disease (PD) etiologies. To date, there have been conflicting studies of neurotoxin impact on dopaminergic cell death, mitochondrial function and behavioral impairment using adult zebrafish. Here, we performed cerebroventricular microinjections (CVMIs) of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on adult transgenic zebrafish that resulted in significant reductions in dopaminergic neurons within the telencephalon and olfactory bulbs (OB) of Tg(dat:eGFP) fish. Visualization of mCherry and mitochondrial gene expression analysis in Tg(dat:tom20 MLS:mCherry) fish reveal that MPTP induces mitochondrial fragmentation in dopaminergic neurons and the activation of the pink1/parkin pathway involved mitophagy. Moreover, the loss of dopaminergic neurons translated into a transient locomotor and olfactory phenotype. Taken together, these data can contribute to a better understanding of the mitochondrial impact on dopaminergic survivability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kalyn
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marc Ekker
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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15
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ZFTool: A Software for Automatic Quantification of Cancer Cell Mass Evolution in Zebrafish. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11167721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a model organism for the study of human cancer. Compared with the murine model, the zebrafish model has several properties ideal for personalized therapies. The transparency of the zebrafish embryos and the development of the pigment-deficient ”casper“ zebrafish line give the capacity to directly observe cancer formation and progression in the living animal. Automatic quantification of cellular proliferation in vivo is critical to the development of personalized medicine. Methods: A new methodology was defined to automatically quantify the cancer cellular evolution. ZFTool was developed to establish a base threshold that eliminates the embryo autofluorescence, automatically measures the area and intensity of GFP (green-fluorescent protein) marked cells, and defines a proliferation index. Results: The proliferation index automatically computed on different targets demonstrates the efficiency of ZFTool to provide a good automatic quantification of cancer cell evolution and dissemination. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that ZFTool is a reliable tool for the automatic quantification of the proliferation index as a measure of cancer mass evolution in zebrafish, eliminating the influence of its autofluorescence.
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16
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Razali K, Othman N, Mohd Nasir MH, Doolaanea AA, Kumar J, Ibrahim WN, Mohamed Ibrahim N, Mohamed WMY. The Promise of the Zebrafish Model for Parkinson's Disease: Today's Science and Tomorrow's Treatment. Front Genet 2021; 12:655550. [PMID: 33936174 PMCID: PMC8082503 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.655550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly is Parkinson's disease (PD). Its etiology is unclear and there are no available disease-modifying medicines. Therefore, more evidence is required concerning its pathogenesis. The use of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is the basis of most animal models of PD. MPTP is metabolized by monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) to MPP + and induces the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in mammals. Zebrafish have been commonly used in developmental biology as a model organism, but owing to its perfect mix of properties, it is now emerging as a model for human diseases. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are cheap and easy to sustain, evolve rapidly, breed transparent embryos in large amounts, and are readily manipulated by different methods, particularly genetic ones. Furthermore, zebrafish are vertebrate species and mammalian findings obtained from zebrafish may be more applicable than those derived from genetic models of invertebrates such as Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. The resemblance cannot be taken for granted, however. The goal of the present review article is to highlight the promise of zebrafish as a PD animal model. As its aminergic structures, MPTP mode of action, and PINK1 roles mimic those of mammalians, zebrafish seems to be a viable model for studying PD. The roles of zebrafish MAO, however, vary from those of the two types of MAO present in mammals. The benefits unique to zebrafish, such as the ability to perform large-scale genetic or drug screens, should be exploited in future experiments utilizing zebrafish PD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairiah Razali
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Noratikah Othman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hamzah Mohd Nasir
- Central Research and Animal Facility (CREAM), Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Abd Almonem Doolaanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre (UKMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wisam Nabeel Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Wael M. Y. Mohamed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Malaysia
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Menoufia Medical School, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
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17
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Mezzomo NJ, Müller TE, Franscescon F, Michelotti P, Souza TP, Rosemberg DB, Barcellos LJG. Taurine-mediated aggression is abolished via 5-HT 1A antagonism and serotonin depletion in zebrafish. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 199:173067. [PMID: 33144206 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.173067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Taurine is one of the most abundant amino acids in vertebrates involved in important physiological functions, including osmoregulation, membrane stability, and neuronal activity. The pleiotropic effects of taurine support the existence of different mechanisms of action (e.g., modulation of GABAA, strychnine-sensitive glycine, and NMDA receptors), which can play a role in aggressive-related responses. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of taurine on aggression are still poorly understood. Because aggression has been associated with diverse central mechanisms, especially serotonergic activity, we aimed to investigate the involvement of this system in taurine-induced aggression in zebrafish. We treated adult zebrafish with ρ-chlorophenylalanine (ρCPA), an inhibitor of the serotonin synthesis, as well as 5-HT1A receptor antagonist and agonist (WAY100135 and buspirone, respectively). Taurine effects were tested individually at three concentrations (42, 150, and 400 mg/L) for 60 min. We further analyzed the effects on aggression and locomotion using the mirror-induced aggression test. Taurine concentration that changed behavioral responses was selected to the succeeding pharmacological experiments using ρCPA, WAY100135, and buspirone. We found that buspirone did not alter the aggression. Yet, 42 mg/L taurine increased aggression, which was abolished by ρCPA and WAY100135, indicating the involvement of 5-HT1A receptors in taurine-mediated aggression. These set of data support an indirect mechanism mediating taurine-induced aggression via serotonin release and activation of 5-HT1A receptors in zebrafish. While the exact mechanisms underlying aggression are still unclear, our novel findings reveal a key role of the serotonergic system in the effects of taurine, supporting the use of zebrafish models to understand the neural basis of aggression in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathana J Mezzomo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Talise E Müller
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Francini Franscescon
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Michelotti
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Thiele P Souza
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA
| | - Leonardo J G Barcellos
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Bio-Experimentation, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), BR 285, Passo Fundo, RS 99052-900, Brazil
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18
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Hasumi A, Maeda H, Yoshida KI. Analyzing cannabinoid-induced abnormal behavior in a zebrafish model. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236606. [PMID: 33031370 PMCID: PMC7544081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated locomotor activity and responses to repeated light and dark stimuli to assess cannabinoid-induced abnormal behavior in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio), as an alternative to standard rodent models. To induce the desired responses, we used cannabidiol and WIN55,212-2, two major cannabinoid components. A repeated light and dark test was used to assess how drug exposure influences locomotory responses. Larvae were examined after moderate cannabidiol and WIN55,212-2 exposure and at 24 h after transfer to untreated water. We found that cannabidiol did not produce a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on locomotor activity, with both 0.5 and 10 μg/mL concentrations reducing movement velocity and the total distance moved. However, 10 μg/mL cannabidiol was observed to attenuate the responses of larvae exposed to darkness. No differences were detected between the control and cannabidiol-treated groups after 24 h in fresh water. Fish treated with WIN55,212-2 at 0.5 and 1 μg/mL showed virtually no activity, even in darkness, whereas a concentration of 10 μg/mL induced mortality. A 24-h period in fresh water had the effect of reversing most of the drug-induced immobilization, even in the WIN55,212-2-treated groups. Larvae were also evaluated for their responses to cannabidiol subsequent to an initial exposure to WIN55,212-2, and it was accordingly found that treatment with cannabidiol could attenuate WIN55,212-2-induced abnormal immobilization, whereas equivalent doses of cannabidiol and WIN55,212-2 produced a mixed response. In conclusion, the behavioral effects of the two cannabinoids cannabidiol and WIN55,212-2 appear to be ratio dependent. Furthermore, the repeated light and dark test could serve as a suitable method for assaying drug-induced behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Hasumi
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Maeda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Ken-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Cenci MA, Björklund A. Animal models for preclinical Parkinson's research: An update and critical appraisal. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 252:27-59. [PMID: 32247366 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) are essential to investigate pathogenic pathways at the whole-organism level. Moreover, they are necessary for a preclinical investigation of potential new therapies. Different pathological features of PD can be induced in a variety of invertebrate and vertebrate species using toxins, drugs, or genetic perturbations. Each model has a particular utility and range of applicability. Invertebrate PD models are particularly useful for high throughput-screening applications, whereas mammalian models are needed to explore complex motor and non-motor features of the human disease. Here, we provide a comprehensive review and critical appraisal of the most commonly used mammalian models of PD, which are produced in rats and mice. A substantial loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons is necessary for the animal to exhibit a hypokinetic motor phenotype responsive to dopaminergic agents, thus resembling clinical PD. This level of dopaminergic neurodegeneration can be induced using specific neurotoxins, environmental toxicants, or proteasome inhibitors. Alternatively, nigrostriatal dopamine degeneration can be induced via overexpression of α-synuclein using viral vectors or transgenic techniques. In addition, protein aggregation pathology can be triggered by inoculating preformed fibrils of α-synuclein in the substantia nigra or the striatum. Thanks to the conceptual and technical progress made in the past few years a vast repertoire of well-characterized animal models are currently available to address different aspects of PD in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angela Cenci
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Anders Björklund
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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20
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van Staden C, de Brouwer G, Botha TL, Finger-Baier K, Brand SJ, Wolmarans D. Dopaminergic and serotonergic modulation of social reward appraisal in zebrafish (Danio rerio) under circumstances of motivational conflict: Towards a screening test for anti-compulsive drug action. Behav Brain Res 2020; 379:112393. [PMID: 31785362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility, shown to be impaired in patients presenting with compulsions, is dependent on balanced dopaminergic and serotonergic interaction. Towards the development of a zebrafish (Danio rerio) screening test for anti-compulsive drug action, we manipulated social reward appraisal under different contexts by means of dopaminergic (apomorphine) and serotonergic (escitalopram) intervention. Seven groups of zebrafish (n = 6 per group) were exposed for 24 days (1 h per day) to either control (normal tank water), apomorphine (50 or 100 μg/L), escitalopram (500 or 1000 μg/L) or a combination (A100/E500 or A100/E1000 μg/L). Contextual reward appraisal was assessed over three phases i.e. Phase 1 (contingency association), Phase 2 (dissociative testing), and Phase 3 (re-associative testing). We demonstrate that 1) sight of social conspecifics is an inadequate motivational reinforcer under circumstances of motivational conflict, 2) dopaminergic and serotonergic intervention lessens the importance of an aversive stimulus, increasing the motivational valence of social reward, 3) while serotoninergic intervention maintains reward directed behavior, high-dose dopaminergic intervention bolsters cue-directed responses and 4) high-dose escitalopram reversed apomorphine-induced behavioral inflexibility. The results reported here are supportive of current dopamine-serotonin opponency theories and confirm the zebrafish as a potentially useful species in which to investigate compulsive-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C van Staden
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - G de Brouwer
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - T L Botha
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - K Finger-Baier
- Department Genes - Circuits - Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany
| | - S J Brand
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - D Wolmarans
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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21
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Huang NC, Lee CM, Hsu SH. Effective naked plasmid DNA delivery into stem cells by microextrusion-based transient-transfection system for in situ cardiac repair. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:70-81. [PMID: 32007417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Combining the use of transfection reagents and physical methods can markedly improve the efficiency of gene delivery; however, such methods often cause cell damage. Additionally, naked plasmids without any vector or physical stimulation are difficult to deliver into stem cells. In this study, we demonstrate a simple and rapid method to simultaneously facilitate efficient in situ naked gene delivery and form a bioactive hydrogel scaffold. METHODS Transfecting naked GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4) plasmids into human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) by co-extruding naked plasmids and hUC-MSCs with a biomimetic and negatively charged water-based biodegradable thermo-responsive polyurethane (PU) hydrogel through a microextrusion-based transient-transfection system can upregulate the other cardiac marker genes. RESULTS The PU hydrogels with optimized physicochemical properties (such as hard-soft segment composition, size, hardness and thermal gelation) induced GATA4-transfected hUC-MSCs to express the cardiac marker proteins and then differentiated into cardiomyocyte-like cells in 15 days. We further demonstrated that GATA4-transfected hUC-MSCs in PU hydrogel were capable of in situ revival of heart function in zebrafish in 30 days. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that hUC-MSCs and naked plasmids encapsulated in PU hydrogels might represent a new strategy for in situ tissue therapy using the microextrusion-based transient-transfection system described here. This transfection system is simple, effective and safer than conventional technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nien-Chi Huang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chii-Ming Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Center of Tissue Engineering and 3D Printing, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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22
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Joseph TP, Jagadeesan N, Sai LY, Lin SL, Sahu S, Schachner M. Adhesion Molecule L1 Agonist Mimetics Protect Against the Pesticide Paraquat-Induced Locomotor Deficits and Biochemical Alterations in Zebrafish. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:458. [PMID: 32547358 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00458.ecollection2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides several endogenous elements, exogenous factors, including exposure to pesticides, have been recognized as putative factors contributing to the onset and development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Considering the availability, success rate, and limitations associated with the current arsenals to fight PD, there is an unmet need for novel therapeutic interventions. Therefore, based on the previously reported beneficial functions of the L1 cell adhesion molecule, we hypothesized that L1 mimetic compounds may serve to neutralize neurotoxicity triggered by the pesticide paraquat (PQ). In this study, we attempt to use PQ for inducing PD-like pathology and the L1 mimetic compounds phenelzine sulfate (PS) and tacrine (TC) as potential candidates for the amelioration of PD symptoms using zebrafish as a model system. Administration of PQ together with the L1 mimetic compounds PS or TC (250 nM) improved survival of zebrafish larvae, protected them from locomotor deficits, and increased their sensorimotor reflexes. Moreover, application of PQ together with PS (500 nM) or TC (1000 nM) in adult zebrafish counteracted PQ-induced toxicity, maintaining normal locomotor functions and spatial memory in an open field and T-maze task, respectively. Both L1 mimetic compounds prevented reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine levels, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, protected against impairment of mitochondrial viability, improved the antioxidant enzyme system, and prevented a decrease in ATP levels. Altogether, our findings highlight the beneficial functions of the agonistic L1 mimetics PS and TC by improving several vital cell functions against PQ-triggered neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nataraj Jagadeesan
- Center of Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Liu Yang Sai
- Center of Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Stanley Li Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Sudhanshu Sahu
- Center of Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Center of Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
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23
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Joseph TP, Jagadeesan N, Sai LY, Lin SL, Sahu S, Schachner M. Adhesion Molecule L1 Agonist Mimetics Protect Against the Pesticide Paraquat-Induced Locomotor Deficits and Biochemical Alterations in Zebrafish. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:458. [PMID: 32547358 PMCID: PMC7270331 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides several endogenous elements, exogenous factors, including exposure to pesticides, have been recognized as putative factors contributing to the onset and development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Considering the availability, success rate, and limitations associated with the current arsenals to fight PD, there is an unmet need for novel therapeutic interventions. Therefore, based on the previously reported beneficial functions of the L1 cell adhesion molecule, we hypothesized that L1 mimetic compounds may serve to neutralize neurotoxicity triggered by the pesticide paraquat (PQ). In this study, we attempt to use PQ for inducing PD-like pathology and the L1 mimetic compounds phenelzine sulfate (PS) and tacrine (TC) as potential candidates for the amelioration of PD symptoms using zebrafish as a model system. Administration of PQ together with the L1 mimetic compounds PS or TC (250 nM) improved survival of zebrafish larvae, protected them from locomotor deficits, and increased their sensorimotor reflexes. Moreover, application of PQ together with PS (500 nM) or TC (1000 nM) in adult zebrafish counteracted PQ-induced toxicity, maintaining normal locomotor functions and spatial memory in an open field and T-maze task, respectively. Both L1 mimetic compounds prevented reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine levels, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, protected against impairment of mitochondrial viability, improved the antioxidant enzyme system, and prevented a decrease in ATP levels. Altogether, our findings highlight the beneficial functions of the agonistic L1 mimetics PS and TC by improving several vital cell functions against PQ-triggered neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nataraj Jagadeesan
- Center of Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Liu Yang Sai
- Center of Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Stanley Li Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Sudhanshu Sahu
- Center of Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Center of Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- *Correspondence: Melitta Schachner, ;
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24
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Vaz RL, Sousa S, Chapela D, van der Linde HC, Willemsen R, Correia AD, Outeiro TF, Afonso ND. Identification of antiparkinsonian drugs in the 6-hydroxydopamine zebrafish model. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 189:172828. [PMID: 31785245 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.172828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is known as a movement disorder due to characteristic motor features. Existing therapies for PD are only symptomatic, and their efficacy decreases as disease progresses. Zebrafish, a vertebrate in which parkinsonism has been modelled, offers unique features for the identification of molecules with antiparkinsonian properties. Here, we developed a screening assay for the selection of neuroactive agents with antiparkinsonian potential. First, we performed a pharmacological validation of the phenotypes exhibited by the 6-hydroxydopamine zebrafish model, by testing the effects of known antiparkinsonian agents. These drugs were also tested for disease-modifying properties by whole mount immunohistochemistry to TH+ neurons and confocal microscopy in the dopaminergic diencephalic cluster of zebrafish. Next, we optimized a phenotypic screening using the 6-hydroxydopamine zebrafish model and tested 1600 FDA-approved bioactive drugs. We found that 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned zebrafish larvae exhibit bradykinetic and dyskinetic-like behaviours that are rescued by the administration of levodopa, rasagiline, isradipine or amantadine. The rescue of dopaminergic cell loss by isradipine was also verified, through the observation of a higher number of TH+ neurons in 6-OHDA-lesioned zebrafish larvae treated with this compound as compared to untreated lesioned larvae. The phenotypic screening enabled us to identify several compounds previously positioned for PD, as well as, new molecules with potential antiparkinsonian properties. Among these, we selected stavudine, tapentadol and nabumetone as the most promising candidates. Our results demonstrate the functional similarities of the motor impairments exhibited by 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned zebrafish with mammalian models of PD and with PD patients, and highlights novel molecules with antiparkinsonian potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita L Vaz
- TechnoPhage, SA, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Sousa
- TechnoPhage, SA, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Diana Chapela
- TechnoPhage, SA, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Rob Willemsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ana D Correia
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago F Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School |Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.; Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Nuno D Afonso
- TechnoPhage, SA, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
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25
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Woodard A, Barbery B, Wilkinson R, Strozyk J, Milner M, Doucette P, Doran J, Appleby K, Atwill H, Bell WE, Turner JE. The role of neuronal nitric oxide and its pathways in the protection and recovery from neurotoxin-induced de novo hypokinetic motor behaviors in the embryonic zebrafish ( Danio rerio). AIMS Neurosci 2019; 6:25-42. [PMID: 32341966 PMCID: PMC7179346 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2019.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal nitric oxide (nNO) has been shown to affect motor function in the brain. Specifically, nNO acts in part through regulation of dopamine (DA) release, transporter function, and the elicitation of neuroprotection/neurodegeneration of neurons in conditions such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, the zebrafish has been proposed to be a new model for the study of PD since neurotoxin damage to their nigrostriatal-like neurons exhibit PD-like motor dysfunctions similar to those of mammalian models and human patients. Results from this study demonstrate that treatment of 5 days post fertilization (dpf) fish with a nNO synthase inhibitor as a co-treatment with 6-OHDA facilitates long-term survival and accelerates the recovery from 6-OHDA-induced hypokinesia-like symptoms. These findings are unique in that under conditions of neurotoxin-induced stress, the inhibition of the NO-related S-nitrosylation indirect pathway dramatically facilitates recovery from 6-OHDA treatment but inhibition of the NO-sGC-cGMP direct pathway is essential for survival in 5 dpf treated fish. In conclusion, these results indicate that nNOS and the inhibition of the NO-linked S-nitrosylation pathway plays an important role in antagonizing the protection and recovery of fish from neurotoxin treatment. These data begin to help in the understanding of the role of NO as a neuroprotectant in dopaminergic pathways, particularly those that influence motor dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James E. Turner
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA
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26
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Casini A, Vaccaro R, Toni M, Cioni C. Distribution of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunoreactivity in the brain of the teleost Cyprinus carpio. Eur J Histochem 2018; 62:2932. [PMID: 30043595 PMCID: PMC6060486 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2018.2932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholinergic systems play a role in basic cerebral functions and its dysfunction is associated with deficit in neurodegenerative disease. Mechanisms involved in human brain diseases, are often approached by using fish models, especially cyprinids, given basic similarities of the fish brain to that of mammals. In the present paper, the organization of central cholinergic systems have been described in the cyprinid Cyprinus carpio, the common carp, by using specific polyclonal antibodies against ChAT, the synthetic enzyme of acetylcholine, that is currently used as a specific marker for cholinergic neurons in all vertebrates. In this work, serial transverse sections of the brain and the spinal cord were immunostained for ChAT. Results showed that positive neurons are present in several nuclei of the forebrain, the midbrain, the hindbrain and the spinal cord. Moreover, ChAT-positive neurons were detected in the synencephalon and in the cerebellum. In addition to neuronal bodies, afferent varicose fibers were stained for ChAT in the ventral telencephalon, the preoptic area, the hypothalamus and the posterior tuberculum. No neuronal cell bodies were present in the telencephalon. The comparison of cholinergic distribution pattern in the Cyprinus carpio central nervous system has revealed similarities but also some interesting differences with other cyprinids. Our results provide additional information on the cholinergic system from a phylogenetic point of view and may add new perspectives to physiological roles of cholinergic system during evolution and the neuroanatomical basis of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Casini
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences.
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27
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He K, Qi F, Guo C, Zhan S, Xu H, Liu J, Yang X. Movement deficits and neuronal loss in basal ganglia in TRPC1 deficient mice. Oncotarget 2018; 7:69337-69346. [PMID: 27738307 PMCID: PMC5342481 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential cation (TRPC) channel proteins are abundantly expressed in brain. However, the functions of these TRPC proteins such as TRPC1 are largely unclear. In this study, we reported that TRPC1 deficiency caused movement disorder as measured by swimming test, modified open field test and sunflower seeds eating test. Immunofluorescent staining showed significant loss of both NeuN-positive cells and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -positive cells in the caudate putamen (CPu), the external globus pallidus (GPe), and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) in 5-month-old TRPC1 knockout mice (TRPC1-/-) compared to the wild type (WT) mice. TUNEL staining further revealed that TUNEL-positive cells were significantly increased in the CPu, GPe, and SNr of TRPC1-/- mice. Taken together, these data suggests that TRPC1 is involved in the control of motor function by inhibiting the apoptosis of neuronal cells of basal ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwu He
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunni Guo
- Department of Neurology, ShanghaiFirst People's HospitalAffiliated toShanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuqin Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
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28
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Wang XH, Souders CL, Zhao YH, Martyniuk CJ. Mitochondrial bioenergetics and locomotor activity are altered in zebrafish (Danio rerio) after exposure to the bipyridylium herbicide diquat. Toxicol Lett 2018; 283:13-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Tanaka Y, Fujiwara M, Shindo A, Yin G, Kitazawa T, Teraoka H. Aroclor 1254 and BDE-47 inhibit dopaminergic function manifesting as changes in locomotion behaviors in zebrafish embryos. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 193:1207-1215. [PMID: 29874750 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the environment is a major concern due to their persistent bioaccumulative toxicity that can disturb neurobehavioral functions including movements. Recently, it was reported that some PBDE including BDE-47 stimulates locomotor activities of zebrafish embryos by unknown mechanism. In this study, motor movements of the zebrafish embryo were used as a model system to evaluate the neuronal toxicity of a non-coplanar PCB-dominant mixture (Aroclor 1254) and BDE-47. Both organohalogens increased tail shaking and rotation of embryos in a concentration-dependent manner. Chemical inhibition and gene knock-down of tyrosine hydroxylase and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) also induced hyperactivities. Hyperactivities induced by these treatments were all inhibited by supplementation of l-tyrosine and l-dopa, precursors of dopamine synthesis. Both organohalogens reduced dopamine contents and increased the 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC)/dopamine ratio in whole embryos. The results suggest that functional inhibition of dopaminergic neurons is involved in hyperactivities of zebrafish embryos caused by Aroclor 1254 and BDE-47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Tanaka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Mari Fujiwara
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Asako Shindo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Guojun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Takio Kitazawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teraoka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan.
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30
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Fontana BD, Mezzomo NJ, Kalueff AV, Rosemberg DB. The developing utility of zebrafish models of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders: A critical review. Exp Neurol 2018; 299:157-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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31
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Wang XH, Souders CL, Zhao YH, Martyniuk CJ. Paraquat affects mitochondrial bioenergetics, dopamine system expression, and locomotor activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 191:106-117. [PMID: 29031050 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The dipyridyl herbicide paraquat induces oxidative stress in cells and is implicated in adult neurodegenerative diseases. However, less is known about paraquat toxicity in early stages of vertebrate development. To address this gap, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to 1, 10 and 100 μM paraquat for 96 h. Paraquat did not induce significant mortality nor deformity in embryos and larvae, but it did accelerate time to hatch. To evaluate whether mitochondrial respiration was related to earlier hatch times, oxygen consumption rate was measured in whole embryos. Maximal respiration of embryos exposed to 100 μM paraquat for 24 h was reduced by more than 70%, suggesting that paraquat negatively impacts mitochondrial bioenergetics in early development. Based upon this evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction, transcriptional responses of oxidative stress- and apoptosis-related genes were measured. Fish exposed to 1 μM paraquat showed higher expression levels of superoxide dismutase 2, heat shock protein 70, Bcl-2-associated X protein, and B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2a compared to control fish. No differences among groups were detected in larvae exposed to 10 and 100 μM paraquat, suggesting a non-monotonic response. We also measured endpoints related to larval behavior and dopaminergic signaling as paraquat is associated with degeneration of dopamine neurons. Locomotor activity was stimulated with 100 μM paraquat and dopamine transporter and dopamine receptor 3 mRNA levels were increased in larvae exposed to 1 μM paraquat, interpreted to be a compensatory response at lower concentrations. This study improves mechanistic understanding into the toxic actions of paraquat on early developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao H Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Yuan H Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, PR China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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32
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Vijayanathan Y, Lim FT, Lim SM, Long CM, Tan MP, Majeed ABA, Ramasamy K. 6-OHDA-Lesioned Adult Zebrafish as a Useful Parkinson's Disease Model for Dopaminergic Neuroregeneration. Neurotox Res 2017; 32:496-508. [PMID: 28707266 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Conventional mammalian models of neurodegeneration are often limited by futile axonogenesis with minimal functional recuperation of severed neurons. The emergence of zebrafish, a non-mammalian model with excellent neuroregenerative properties, may address these limitations. This study aimed to establish an adult zebrafish-based, neurotoxin-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) model and subsequently validate the regenerative capability of dopaminergic neurons (DpN). The DpN of adult male zebrafish (Danio rerio) were lesioned by microinjecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) neurotoxin (6.25, 12.5, 18.75, 25, 37.5, 50 and 100 mg/kg) into the ventral diencephalon (Dn). This was facilitated by an optimised protocol that utilised 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanineperchlorate (DiI) dye to precisely identify the injection site. Immunostaining was utilised to identify the number of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH-ir) DpN in brain regions of interest (i.e. olfactory bulb, telencephalon, preoptic area, posterior tuberculum and hypothalamus). Open tank video recordings were performed for locomotor studies. The Dn was accessed by setting the injection angle of the microinjection capillary to 60° and injection depth to 1200 μm (from the exposed brain surface). 6-OHDA (25 mg/kg) successfully ablated >85% of the Dn DpN (preoptic area, posterior tuberculum and hypothalamus) whilst maintaining a 100% survival. Locomotor analysis of 5-min recordings revealed that 6-OHDA-lesioned adult zebrafish were significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced in speed (cm/s) and distance travelled (cm). Lesioned zebrafish showed full recovery of Dn DpN 30 days post-lesion. This study had successfully developed a stable 6-OHDA-induced PD zebrafish model using a straightforward and reproducible approach. Thus, this developed teleost model poses exceptional potentials to study DpN regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuganthini Vijayanathan
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fei Tieng Lim
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Siong Meng Lim
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Chiau Ming Long
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Maw Pin Tan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abu Bakar Abdul Majeed
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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33
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Merrifield GD, Mullin J, Gallagher L, Tucker C, Jansen MA, Denvir M, Holmes WM. Rapid and recoverable in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of the adult zebrafish at 7T. Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 37:9-15. [PMID: 27751860 PMCID: PMC5344283 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Increasing scientific interest in the zebrafish as a model organism across a range of biomedical and biological research areas raises the need for the development of in vivo imaging tools appropriate to this subject. Development of the embryonic and early stage forms of the subject can currently be assessed using optical based techniques due to the transparent nature of the species at these early stages. However this is not an option during the juvenile and adult stages when the subjects become opaque. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques would allow for the longitudinal and non-invasive assessment of development and health in these later life stages. However, the small size of the zebrafish and its aquatic environment represent considerable challenges for the technique. We have developed a suitable flow cell system that incorporates a dedicated MRI imaging coil to solve these challenges. The system maintains and monitors a zebrafish during a scan and allows for it to be fully recovered. The imaging properties of this system compare well with those of other preclinical MRI coils used in rodent models. This enables the rapid acquisition of MRI data which are comparable in terms of quality and acquisition time. This would allow the many unique opportunities of the zebrafish as a model organism to be combined with the benefits of non-invasive MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin D Merrifield
- Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - James Mullin
- Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Lindsay Gallagher
- Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Carl Tucker
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maurits A Jansen
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Martin Denvir
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - William M Holmes
- Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK.
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34
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Wimalasena K. Current Status, Gaps, and Weaknesses of the Mechanism of Selective Dopaminergic Toxicity of MPTP/MPP +. ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-812522-9.00003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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35
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Albasanz JL, Santana S, Guzman-Sanchez F, León D, Burgos JS, Martín M. 2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine Hydrochloride Modulates Metabotropic Glutamate 5 Receptors Endogenously Expressed in Zebrafish Brain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1690-1697. [PMID: 27635438 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to phylogenetic proximity to the human, zebrafish has been recognized as a reliable model to study Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other central nervous system disorders. Furthermore, metabotropic glutamate receptors have been previously reported to be impaired in brain from AD patients. Metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu5) receptors are G-protein coupled receptors proposed as potential targets for therapy of different neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, MPEP (2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine hydrochloride), a selective noncompetitive mGlu5 receptor antagonist, has been suggested for pharmacological treatment of AD. The aim of the present work was to quantify mGlu5 receptors in brain from zebrafish and to study the possible modulation of these receptors by MPEP treatment. To this end, radioligand binding assay and open field test were used. Results showed a slightly higher presence of mGlu5 receptors in brain from male than in that from female zebrafish. However, a significant increase of mGlu5 receptor in male without variation in female was observed after MPEP treatment. This gender specific response was also observed in locomotor behavior, being significantly decreased only in male zebrafish. These results confirm the presence of mGlu5 receptors in brain from zebrafish and their gender specific modulation by selective antagonist treatment and suggest a role of these receptors on locomotor activity, which is affected in many disorders. In addition, our data point to zebrafish as a useful model to study mGlu receptor function in both healthy and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Albasanz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica,
Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina de Ciudad
Real/Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | | | - David León
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica,
Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina de Ciudad
Real/Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Mairena Martín
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica,
Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina de Ciudad
Real/Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Avenida Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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36
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Murcia V, Johnson L, Baldasare M, Pouliot B, McKelvey J, Barbery B, Lozier J, Bell WE, Turner JE. Effects of Estrogen, Nitric Oxide, and Dopamine on Behavioral Locomotor Activities in the Embryonic Zebrafish: A Pharmacological Study. TOXICS 2016; 4:toxics4040024. [PMID: 29051426 PMCID: PMC5606654 DOI: 10.3390/toxics4040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to affect motor function. Specifically, NO has been shown to act through regulation of dopamine (DA) release, transporter function, and the elicitation of neuroprotection/neurodegeneration of neurons. Recently, zebrafish have been proposed to be a new model for the study of various types of motor dysfunctions, since neurotoxin damage to their nigrostriatal-like neurons exhibit motor anomalies similar to those of mammalian models and human patients. Results from this study demonstrate that when NO synthesis is inhibited in zebrafish, using a neuronal NO synthase inhibitor (nNOSI), a condition called ‘listless’ occurs, where the fish lack swimming abilities, are rigid, and have difficulty maintaining balance. Additionally, co-treatment with either NO or estrogen (E2), an upstream regulator of NO synthase, can rescue fish from the ‘listless’ phenotype caused by exposure to the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6 OHDA). In turn, NO deprived zebrafish were rescued from the ‘listless’ phenotype when co-treated with L-DOPA, a precursor to DA. Interestingly, the longer fish are exposed to a 6 OHDA + nNOSI co-treatment, the slower the recovery after washout, compared to a single treatment of each. Most significantly, NO involvement in the motor homeostasis of the embryonic zebrafish was shown to be expressed through the NO-cGMP-dependent pathway, and response to nNOSI treatments is developmentally regulated. In conclusion, these results indicate that there is a link between E2, NO, and DA systems that regulate motor functions in the embryonic zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Murcia
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA.
| | - Luke Johnson
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA.
| | - Meredith Baldasare
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA.
| | - Bridgette Pouliot
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA.
| | - John McKelvey
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA.
| | - Brandon Barbery
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA.
| | - Julie Lozier
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA.
| | - Wade E Bell
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA.
| | - James E Turner
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, VA 24450, USA.
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Elks PM, Renshaw SA, Meijer AH, Walmsley SR, van Eeden FJ. Exploring the HIFs, buts and maybes of hypoxia signalling in disease: lessons from zebrafish models. Dis Model Mech 2016; 8:1349-60. [PMID: 26512123 PMCID: PMC4631790 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.021865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A low level of tissue oxygen (hypoxia) is a physiological feature of a wide range of diseases, from cancer to infection. Cellular hypoxia is sensed by oxygen-sensitive hydroxylase enzymes, which regulate the protein stability of hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIF-α) transcription factors. When stabilised, HIF-α binds with its cofactors to HIF-responsive elements (HREs) in the promoters of target genes to coordinate a wide-ranging transcriptional programme in response to the hypoxic environment. This year marks the 20th anniversary of the discovery of the HIF-1α transcription factor, and in recent years the HIF-mediated hypoxia response is being increasingly recognised as an important process in determining the outcome of diseases such as cancer, inflammatory disease and bacterial infections. Animal models have shed light on the roles of HIF in disease and have uncovered intricate control mechanisms that involve multiple cell types, observations that might have been missed in simpler in vitro systems. These findings highlight the need for new whole-organism models of disease to elucidate these complex regulatory mechanisms. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of hypoxia and HIFs in disease that have emerged from studies of zebrafish disease models. Findings from such models identify HIF as an integral player in the disease processes. They also highlight HIF pathway components and their targets as potential therapeutic targets against conditions that range from cancers to infectious disease. Summary: Hypoxia signalling, mediated by HIF, is a crucial pathway in many disease processes. Here, we review current knowledge of HIF signalling and disease, focusing on recent findings from zebrafish models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Elks
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Stephen A Renshaw
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK The Bateson Centre, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Annemarie H Meijer
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah R Walmsley
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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Nunes ME, Müller TE, Braga MM, Fontana BD, Quadros VA, Marins A, Rodrigues C, Menezes C, Rosemberg DB, Loro VL. Chronic Treatment with Paraquat Induces Brain Injury, Changes in Antioxidant Defenses System, and Modulates Behavioral Functions in Zebrafish. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3925-3934. [PMID: 27229491 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) administration consists in a chemical model that mimics phenotypes observed in Parkinson's disease (PD), due to its ability to induce changes in dopaminergic system and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the actions of PQ in behavioral functions of adult zebrafish and its influence on oxidative stress biomarkers in brain samples. PQ (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally with six injections for 16 days (one injection every 3 days). PQ-treated group showed a significant decrease in the time spent in the bottom section and a shorter latency to enter the top area in the novel tank test. Moreover, PQ-exposed fish showed a significant decrease in the number and duration of risk assessment episodes in the light-dark test, as well as an increase in the agonistic behavior in the mirror-induced aggression (MIA) test. PQ induced brain damage by decreasing mitochondrial viability. Concerning the antioxidant defense system, PQ increased catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, as well as the non-protein sulfhydryl content (NPSH), but did not change ROS formation and decreased lipid peroxidation. We demonstrate, for the first time, that PQ induces an increase in aggressive behavior, alters non-motor patterns associated to defensive behaviors, and changes redox parameters in zebrafish brain. Overall, our findings may serve as useful tools to investigate the interaction between behavioral and neurochemical impairments triggered by PQ administration in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro E Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica e Biodiversidade Animal, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Talise E Müller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica e Biodiversidade Animal, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos M Braga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica e Biodiversidade Animal, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Barbara D Fontana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica e Biodiversidade Animal, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A Quadros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica e Biodiversidade Animal, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Marins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica e Biodiversidade Animal, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Charlene Menezes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica e Biodiversidade Animal, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Vania Lucia Loro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica e Biodiversidade Animal, Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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McCammon JM, Sive H. Challenges in understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics: a role for zebrafish. Dis Model Mech 2016; 8:647-56. [PMID: 26092527 PMCID: PMC4486859 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.019620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of psychiatric disorders presents three major challenges to the research and clinical community: defining a genotype associated with a disorder, characterizing the molecular pathology of each disorder and developing new therapies. This Review addresses how cellular and animal systems can help to meet these challenges, with an emphasis on the role of the zebrafish. Genetic changes account for a large proportion of psychiatric disorders and, as gene variants that predispose to psychiatric disease are beginning to be identified in patients, these are tractable for study in cellular and animal systems. Defining cellular and molecular criteria associated with each disorder will help to uncover causal physiological changes in patients and will lead to more objective diagnostic criteria. These criteria should also define co-morbid pathologies within the nervous system or in other organ systems. The definition of genotypes and of any associated pathophysiology is integral to the development of new therapies. Cell culture-based approaches can address these challenges by identifying cellular pathology and by high-throughput screening of gene variants and potential therapeutics. Whole-animal systems can define the broadest function of disorder-associated gene variants and the organismal impact of candidate medications. Given its evolutionary conservation with humans and its experimental tractability, the zebrafish offers several advantages to psychiatric disorder research. These include assays ranging from molecular to behavioural, and capability for chemical screening. There is optimism that the multiple approaches discussed here will link together effectively to provide new diagnostics and treatments for psychiatric patients. Summary: In this review, we discuss strengths and limitations of prevalent laboratory models that are used for understanding psychiatric disorders and developing therapeutics, with emphasis on the zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine M McCammon
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hazel Sive
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Doganli C, Nyengaard JR, Lykke-Hartmann K. Zebrafish Whole-Mount In Situ Hybridization Followed by Sectioning. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1377:353-363. [PMID: 26695046 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3179-8_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In situ hybridization is a powerful technique used for locating specific nucleic acid targets within morphologically preserved tissues and cell preparations. A labeled RNA or DNA probe hybridizes to its complementary mRNA or DNA sequence within a sample. Here, we describe RNA in situ hybridization protocol for whole-mount zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Doganli
- Smith Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158-9001, USA
| | - Jens Randel Nyengaard
- Stereology and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Karin Lykke-Hartmann
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease - PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Stewart AM, Grieco F, Tegelenbosch RA, Kyzar EJ, Nguyen M, Kaluyeva A, Song C, Noldus LP, Kalueff AV. A novel 3D method of locomotor analysis in adult zebrafish: Implications for automated detection of CNS drug-evoked phenotypes. J Neurosci Methods 2015; 255:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Vargas RA, Sarmiento K, Vásquez IC. Zebrafish (Danio rerio): A Potential Model for Toxinological Studies. Zebrafish 2015. [DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2015.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Antonio Vargas
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karen Sarmiento
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Isabel Cristina Vásquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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Behavioral, endocrine, and neuronal alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio) following sub-chronic coadministration of fluoxetine and ketamine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 139 Pt B:158-62. [PMID: 26303305 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Most existing pharmacological treatments have focused on the "monoamine hypothesis" for targeted drug design for major depressive disorder (MDD). Many of these medications have a delayed onset-of-action and limited efficacy. Antidepressants with principal targets outside the monoamine system may offer the potential for more rapid activity with improved therapeutic benefit. Growing evidence suggests that the glutamatergic system is uniquely central to the neurobiology and treatment of MDD. Ketamine (Ketalar®) is a non-competitive glutamatergic antagonist classically used to induce sedation. However, preliminary clinical evidence has been promising with regard to its rapidly acting antidepressant profile. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as a promising new animal model to screen the effects of numerous psychotropic compounds. This study aimed to determine if a sub-chronic low (sub-anesthetic) dose of ketamine could be used to augment the antidepressant effects of the widely used antidepressant fluoxetine (Prozac®) in adult zebrafish, employing an ethanol withdrawal model. Sub-chronic exposure to dosages of 100μg/L fluoxetine and 20mg/L of ketamine reduced anxiety/depression-like behaviors, leads to upregulation of serotonin synthesis and elevated whole-body cortisol levels. These results demonstrate the utility of zebrafish as a model for neuropharmacological research, and the possible efficacy of fluoxetine and ketamine coadministration.
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Switching to zebrafish neurobehavioral models: The obsessive–compulsive disorder paradigm. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 759:142-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Vaccaro R, Toni M, Casini A, Vivacqua G, Yu S, D'este L, Cioni C. Localization of α-synuclein in teleost central nervous system: immunohistochemical and Western blot evidence by 3D5 monoclonal antibody in the common carp, Cyprinus carpio. J Comp Neurol 2015; 523:1095-124. [PMID: 25488013 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Alpha synuclein (α-syn) is a 140 amino acid vertebrate-specific protein, highly expressed in the human nervous system and abnormally accumulated in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders, known as synucleinopathies. The common occurrence of α-syn aggregates suggested a role for α-syn in these disorders, although its biological activity remains poorly understood. Given the high degree of sequence similarity between vertebrate α-syns, we investigated this proteins in the central nervous system (CNS) of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, with the aim of comparing its anatomical and cellular distribution with that of mammalian α-syn. The distribution of α-syn was analyzed by semiquantitative western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence by a novel monoclonal antibody (3D5) against a fully conserved epitope between carp and human α-syn. The distribution of 3D5 immunoreactivity was also compared with that of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and serotonin (5HT) by double immunolabelings. The results showed that a α-syn-like protein of about 17 kDa is expressed to different levels in several brain regions and in the spinal cord. Immunoreactive materials were localized in neuronal perikarya and varicose fibers but not in the nucleus. The present findings indicate that α-syn-like proteins may be expressed in a few subpopulations of catecholaminergic and serotoninergic neurons in the carp brain. However, evidence of cellular colocalization 3D5/TH or 3D5/5HT was rare. Differently, the same proteins appear to be coexpressed with ChAT by cholinergic neurons in several motor and reticular nuclei. These results sustain the functional conservation of the α-syn expression in cholinergic systems and suggest that α-syn modulates similar molecular pathways in phylogenetically distant vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Vaccaro
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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46
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Xiao J, Vemula S, Yue Z. Rodent Models of Autosomal Dominant Parkinson Disease. Mov Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405195-9.00018-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
The central nervous system's extrapyramidal system provides involuntary motor control to the muscles of the head, neck, and limbs. Toxicants that affect the extrapyramidal system are generally clinically characterized by impaired motor control, which is usually the result of basal ganglionic dysfunction. A variety of extrapyramidal syndromes are recognized in humans and include Parkinson's disease, secondary parkinsonism, other degenerative diseases of the basal ganglia, and clinical syndromes that result in dystonia, dyskinesia, essential tremor, and other forms of tremor and chorea. This chapter briefly reviews the anatomy of the extrapyramidal system and discusses several naturally occurring and experimental models that target the mammalian (nonhuman) extrapyramidal system. Topics discussed include extrapyramidal syndromes associated with antipsychotic drugs, carbon monoxide, reserpine, cyanide, rotenone, paraquat, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), and manganese. In most cases, animals are used as experimental models to improve our understanding of the toxicity and pathogenesis of these agents. Another agent discussed in this chapter, yellowstar thistle poisoning in horses, however, represents an important spontaneous cause of parkinsonism that naturally occurs in animals. The central focus of the chapter is on animal models, especially the concordance between clinical signs, neurochemical changes, and neuropathology between animals and people.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Dorman
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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Johnson ME, Bobrovskaya L. An update on the rotenone models of Parkinson's disease: their ability to reproduce the features of clinical disease and model gene-environment interactions. Neurotoxicology 2014; 46:101-16. [PMID: 25514659 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by two major neuropathological hallmarks: the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and the presence of Lewy bodies in the surviving SN neurons, as well as other regions of the central and peripheral nervous system. Animal models have been invaluable tools for investigating the underlying mechanisms of the pathogenesis of PD and testing new potential symptomatic, neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapies. However, the usefulness of these models is dependent on how precisely they replicate the features of clinical PD with some studies now employing combined gene-environment models to replicate more of the affected pathways. The rotenone model of PD has become of great interest following the seminal paper by the Greenamyre group in 2000 (Betarbet et al., 2000). This paper reported for the first time that systemic rotenone was able to reproduce the two pathological hallmarks of PD as well as certain parkinsonian motor deficits. Since 2000, many research groups have actively used the rotenone model worldwide. This paper will review rotenone models, focusing upon their ability to reproduce the two pathological hallmarks of PD, motor deficits, extranigral pathology and non-motor symptoms. We will also summarize the recent advances in neuroprotective therapies, focusing on those that investigated non-motor symptoms and review rotenone models used in combination with PD genetic models to investigate gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela E Johnson
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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Myotonia congenita-associated mutations in chloride channel-1 affect zebrafish body wave swimming kinematics. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103445. [PMID: 25083883 PMCID: PMC4118878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonia congenita is a human muscle disorder caused by mutations in CLCN1, which encodes human chloride channel 1 (CLCN1). Zebrafish is becoming an increasingly useful model for human diseases, including muscle disorders. In this study, we generated transgenic zebrafish expressing, under the control of a muscle specific promoter, human CLCN1 carrying mutations that have been identified in human patients suffering from myotonia congenita. We developed video analytic tools that are able to provide precise quantitative measurements of movement abnormalities in order to analyse the effect of these CLCN1 mutations on adult transgenic zebrafish swimming. Two new parameters for body-wave kinematics of swimming reveal changes in body curvature and tail offset in transgenic zebrafish expressing the disease-associated CLCN1 mutants, presumably due to their effect on muscle function. The capability of the developed video analytic tool to distinguish wild-type from transgenic zebrafish could provide a useful asset to screen for compounds that reverse the disease phenotype, and may be applicable to other movement disorders besides myotonia congenita.
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Sumbre G, de Polavieja GG. The world according to zebrafish: how neural circuits generate behavior. Front Neural Circuits 2014; 8:91. [PMID: 25126059 PMCID: PMC4115616 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2014.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Germán Sumbre
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS Paris, France ; Inserm, U1024 Paris, France ; CNRS, UMR 8197 Paris, France
| | - Gonzalo G de Polavieja
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain ; Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown Lisbon, Portugal
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