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Ito M, Sasaki A, Haga M, Iwatani A, Nishimura E, Arai H, Nagano N, Suga S, Araki S, Konishi A, Onouchi Y, Namba F. Association of hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 gene with the need of home oxygen therapy in premature Japanese infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2024; 37:2332914. [PMID: 38522947 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2024.2332914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has a lasting effect on the respiratory function of infants, imposing chronic health burdens. BPD is influenced by various prenatal, postnatal, and genetic factors. This study explored the connection between BPD and home oxygen therapy (HOT), and then we examined the association between HOT and a specific single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1) gene among premature Japanese infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prenatal and postnatal data from 212 premature infants were collected and analyzed by four SNPs (rs975563, rs10942332, rs179851, and rs4703570) around HAPLN1 using the TaqMan polymerase chain reaction method. The clinical characteristics and genotype frequencies of HAPLN1 were assessed and compared between HOT and non-HOT groups. RESULTS Individuals with AA/AC genotypes in the rs4703570 SNP exhibited significantly higher HOT rates at discharge than those with CC homozygotes (odds ratio, 1.20, 95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.35, p = .038). A logistic regression analysis determined that CC homozygotes in the rs4703570 SNP did not show a statistically significant independent association with HOT at discharge. CONCLUSIONS Although our study did not reveal a correlation between HAPLN1 and the onset of BPD, we observed that individuals with CC homozygosity at the rs4703570 SNP exhibit a reduced risk of HOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Ayumi Sasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Haga
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Ayaka Iwatani
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Eri Nishimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Arai
- Department of Neonatology, Akita Red Cross Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Japan
| | - Shutaro Suga
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Araki
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Asami Konishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Onouchi
- Department of Public Health, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Namba
- Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
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Zhang N, Song B, Bai P, Du L, Chen L, Xu Y, Zeng T. Perineuronal nets' role in metabolism. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 327:E411-E421. [PMID: 39140971 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00154.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs), specialized extracellular matrix (ECM) structures that envelop neurons, have recently been recognized as key players in the regulation of metabolism. This review explores the growing body of knowledge concerning PNNs and their role in metabolic control, drawing insights from recent research and relevant studies. The pivotal role of PNNs in the context of energy balance and whole body blood glucose is examined. This review also highlights novel findings, including the effects of astroglia, microglia, sex and gonadal hormones, nutritional regulation, circadian rhythms, and age on PNNs dynamics. These findings illuminate the complex and multifaceted role of PNNs in metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Branch of National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Beite Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Branch of National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Branch of National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Tianshu Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Clinical Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Branch of National Center for Clinical Medical Research of Metabolic Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Sanchez B, Kraszewski P, Lee S, Cope EC. From molecules to behavior: Implications for perineuronal net remodeling in learning and memory. J Neurochem 2024; 168:1854-1876. [PMID: 38158878 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are condensed extracellular matrix (ECM) structures found throughout the central nervous system that regulate plasticity. They consist of a heterogeneous mix of ECM components that form lattice-like structures enwrapping the cell body and proximal dendrites of particular neurons. During development, accumulating research has shown that the closure of various critical periods of plasticity is strongly linked to experience-driven PNN formation and maturation. PNNs provide an interface for synaptic contacts within the holes of the structure, generally promoting synaptic stabilization and restricting the formation of new synaptic connections in the adult brain. In this way, they impact both synaptic structure and function, ultimately influencing higher cognitive processes. PNNs are highly plastic structures, changing their composition and distribution throughout life and in response to various experiences and memory disorders, thus serving as a substrate for experience- and disease-dependent cognitive function. In this review, we delve into the proposed mechanisms by which PNNs shape plasticity and memory function, highlighting the potential impact of their structural components, overall architecture, and dynamic remodeling on functional outcomes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Sanchez
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Virginia, USA
| | - Piotr Kraszewski
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Virginia, USA
| | - Sabrina Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Virginia, USA
| | - Elise C Cope
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Virginia, USA
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4
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Lisboa JRF, Costa O, Pakes GH, Colodete DAE, Gomes FV. Perineuronal net density in schizophrenia: A systematic review of postmortem brain studies. Schizophr Res 2024; 271:100-109. [PMID: 39018984 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The onset of schizophrenia is concurrent with multiple key processes of brain development, such as the maturation of inhibitory networks. Some of these processes are proposed to depend on the development of perineuronal nets (PNNs), a specialized extracellular matrix structure that surrounds preferentially parvalbumin-containing GABAergic interneurons (PVIs). PNNs are fundamental to the postnatal experience-dependent maturation of inhibitory brain circuits. PNN abnormalities have been proposed as a core pathophysiological finding in SCZ, being linked to widespread consequences on circuit disruptions underlying SCZ symptoms. OBJECTIVE Here, we systematically evaluate PNN density in postmortem brain studies of subjects with SCZ. METHODS A systematic search in 3 online databases (PubMed, Embase, and Scopus) and qualitative review analysis of case-control studies reporting on PNN density in the postmortem brain of subjects with SCZ were performed. RESULTS Results consisted of 7 studies that were included in the final analysis. The specific brain regions investigated in the studies varied, with most attention given to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC; 3 studies) and amygdala (2 studies). Findings were mostly positive for reduced PNN density in SCZ, with 6 of the 7 studies reporting significant reductions and one reporting a tendency towards reduced PNN density. Overall, tissue processing methodologies were heterogeneous. CONCLUSIONS Despite few studies, PNN density was consistently reduced in SCZ across different brain regions. These findings support evidence that implicates deficits in PNN density in the pathophysiology of SCZ. However, more studies, preferably using similar methodological approaches as well as replication of findings, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Roberto F Lisboa
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| | - Olga Costa
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Pakes
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Debora Akemi E Colodete
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Felipe V Gomes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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5
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Ortega JA, Soares de Aguiar GP, Chandravanshi P, Levy N, Engel E, Álvarez Z. Exploring the properties and potential of the neural extracellular matrix for next-generation regenerative therapies. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1962. [PMID: 38723788 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and complex network of proteins and molecules that surrounds cells and tissues in the nervous system and orchestrates a myriad of biological functions. This review carefully examines the diverse interactions between cells and the ECM, as well as the transformative chemical and physical changes that the ECM undergoes during neural development, aging, and disease. These transformations play a pivotal role in shaping tissue morphogenesis and neural activity, thereby influencing the functionality of the central nervous system (CNS). In our comprehensive review, we describe the diverse behaviors of the CNS ECM in different physiological and pathological scenarios and explore the unique properties that make ECM-based strategies attractive for CNS repair and regeneration. Addressing the challenges of scalability, variability, and integration with host tissues, we review how advanced natural, synthetic, and combinatorial matrix approaches enhance biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and functional recovery. Overall, this review highlights the potential of decellularized ECM as a powerful tool for CNS modeling and regenerative purposes and sets the stage for future research in this exciting field. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alberto Ortega
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gisele P Soares de Aguiar
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Palash Chandravanshi
- Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natacha Levy
- Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Engel
- IMEM-BRT Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EEBE, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomaterials for Regenerative Therapies Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zaida Álvarez
- Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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6
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Sánchez-Ventura J, Lago N, Penas C, Navarro X, Udina E. Link Protein 1 Is Involved in the Activity-Dependent Modulation of Perineuronal Nets in the Spinal Cord. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4267. [PMID: 38673852 PMCID: PMC11050079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges of the mature nervous system is to maintain the stability of neural networks while providing a degree of plasticity to generate experience-dependent modifications. This plasticity-stability dynamism is regulated by perineuronal nets (PNNs) and is crucial for the proper functioning of the system. Previously, we found a relation between spinal PNNs reduction and maladaptive plasticity after spinal cord injury (SCI), which was attenuated by maintaining PNNs with activity-dependent therapies. Moreover, transgenic mice lacking the cartilage link protein 1 (Crtl1 KO mice) showed aberrant spinal PNNs and increased spinal plasticity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the role of link protein 1 in the activity-dependent modulation of spinal PNNs surrounding motoneurons and its impact on the maladaptive plasticity observed following SCI. We first studied the activity-dependent modulation of spinal PNNs using a voluntary wheel-running protocol. This training protocol increased spinal PNNs in WT mice but did not modify PNN components in Crtl1 KO mice, suggesting that link protein 1 mediates the activity-dependent modulation of PNNs. Secondly, a thoracic SCI was performed, and functional outcomes were evaluated for 35 days. Interestingly, hyperreflexia and hyperalgesia found at the end of the experiment in WT-injured mice were already present at basal levels in Crtl1 KO mice and remained unchanged after the injury. These findings demonstrated that link protein 1 plays a dual role in the correct formation and in activity-dependent modulation of PNNs, turning it into an essential element for the proper function of PNN in spinal circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xavier Navarro
- Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain (N.L.); (C.P.)
| | - Esther Udina
- Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain (N.L.); (C.P.)
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Paveliev M, Egorchev AA, Musin F, Lipachev N, Melnikova A, Gimadutdinov RM, Kashipov AR, Molotkov D, Chickrin DE, Aganov AV. Perineuronal Net Microscopy: From Brain Pathology to Artificial Intelligence. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4227. [PMID: 38673819 PMCID: PMC11049984 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNN) are a special highly structured type of extracellular matrix encapsulating synapses on large populations of CNS neurons. PNN undergo structural changes in schizophrenia, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, post-traumatic conditions, and some other brain disorders. The functional role of the PNN microstructure in brain pathologies has remained largely unstudied until recently. Here, we review recent research implicating PNN microstructural changes in schizophrenia and other disorders. We further concentrate on high-resolution studies of the PNN mesh units surrounding synaptic boutons to elucidate fine structural details behind the mutual functional regulation between the ECM and the synaptic terminal. We also review some updates regarding PNN as a potential pharmacological target. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods are now arriving as a new tool that may have the potential to grasp the brain's complexity through a wide range of organization levels-from synaptic molecular events to large scale tissue rearrangements and the whole-brain connectome function. This scope matches exactly the complex role of PNN in brain physiology and pathology processes, and the first AI-assisted PNN microscopy studies have been reported. To that end, we report here on a machine learning-assisted tool for PNN mesh contour tracing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Paveliev
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anton A. Egorchev
- Institute of Computational Mathematics and Information Technologies, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya 35, Kazan 420008, Tatarstan, Russia; (A.A.E.); (F.M.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Foat Musin
- Institute of Computational Mathematics and Information Technologies, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya 35, Kazan 420008, Tatarstan, Russia; (A.A.E.); (F.M.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Nikita Lipachev
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya 16a, Kazan 420008, Tatarstan, Russia; (N.L.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Anastasiia Melnikova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Karl Marx 74, Kazan 420015, Tatarstan, Russia;
| | - Rustem M. Gimadutdinov
- Institute of Computational Mathematics and Information Technologies, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya 35, Kazan 420008, Tatarstan, Russia; (A.A.E.); (F.M.); (R.M.G.)
| | - Aidar R. Kashipov
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Systems Engineering, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya 18, Kazan 420008, Tatarstan, Russia; (A.R.K.); (D.E.C.)
| | - Dmitry Molotkov
- Biomedicum Imaging Unit, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Dmitry E. Chickrin
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Systems Engineering, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya 18, Kazan 420008, Tatarstan, Russia; (A.R.K.); (D.E.C.)
| | - Albert V. Aganov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlyovskaya 16a, Kazan 420008, Tatarstan, Russia; (N.L.); (A.V.A.)
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Sterin I, Niazi A, Kim J, Park J, Park S. Novel extracellular matrix architecture on excitatory neurons revealed by HaloTag-HAPLN1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.29.587384. [PMID: 38585814 PMCID: PMC10996768 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.29.587384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The brain's extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates neuronal plasticity and animal behavior. ECM staining shows an aggregated pattern in a net-like structure around a subset of neurons and diffuse staining in the interstitial matrix. However, understanding the structural features of ECM deposition across various neuronal types and subcellular compartments remains limited. To visualize the organization pattern and assembly process of the hyaluronan-scaffolded ECM in the brain, we fused a HaloTag to HAPLN1, which links hyaluronan and proteoglycans. Expression or application of the probe enables us to identify spatial and temporal regulation of ECM deposition and heterogeneity in ECM aggregation among neuronal populations. Dual-color birthdating shows the ECM assembly process in culture and in vivo. Sparse expression in vivo reveals novel forms of ECM architecture around excitatory neurons and developmentally regulated dendritic ECM. Overall, our study uncovers extensive structural features of the brain' ECM, suggesting diverse roles in regulating neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igal Sterin
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ava Niazi
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jennifer Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Joosang Park
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Wéber I, Dakos A, Mészár Z, Matesz C, Birinyi A. Developmental patterns of extracellular matrix molecules in the embryonic and postnatal mouse hindbrain. Front Neuroanat 2024; 18:1369103. [PMID: 38496826 PMCID: PMC10940344 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2024.1369103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Normal brain development requires continuous communication between developing neurons and their environment filled by a complex network referred to as extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM is divided into distinct families of molecules including hyaluronic acid, proteoglycans, glycoproteins such as tenascins, and link proteins. In this study, we characterize the temporal and spatial distribution of the extracellular matrix molecules in the embryonic and postnatal mouse hindbrain by using antibodies and lectin histochemistry. In the embryo, hyaluronan and neurocan were found in high amounts until the time of birth whereas versican and tenascin-R were detected in lower intensities during the whole embryonic period. After birth, both hyaluronic acid and neurocan still produced intense staining in almost all areas of the hindbrain, while tenascin-R labeling showed a continuous increase during postnatal development. The reaction with WFA and aggrecan was revealed first 4th postnatal day (P4) with low staining intensities, while HAPLN was detected two weeks after birth (P14). The perineuronal net appeared first around the facial and vestibular neurons at P4 with hyaluronic acid cytochemistry. One week after birth aggrecan, neurocan, tenascin-R, and WFA were also accumulated around the neurons located in several hindbrain nuclei, but HAPLN1 was detected on the second postnatal week. Our results provide further evidence that many extracellular macromolecules that will be incorporated into the perineuronal net are already expressed at embryonic and early postnatal stages of development to control differentiation, migration, and synaptogenesis of neurons. In late postnatal period, the experience-driven neuronal activity induces formation of perineuronal net to stabilize synaptic connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Wéber
- Laboratory of Brainstem Neuronal Networks and Neuronal Regeneration, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adél Dakos
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Mészár
- Laboratory of Brainstem Neuronal Networks and Neuronal Regeneration, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Clara Matesz
- Laboratory of Brainstem Neuronal Networks and Neuronal Regeneration, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Division of Oral Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Birinyi
- Laboratory of Brainstem Neuronal Networks and Neuronal Regeneration, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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10
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Woo AM, Sontheimer H. Interactions between astrocytes and extracellular matrix structures contribute to neuroinflammation-associated epilepsy pathology. FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2023; 3:1198021. [PMID: 39086689 PMCID: PMC11285605 DOI: 10.3389/fmmed.2023.1198021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Often considered the "housekeeping" cells of the brain, astrocytes have of late been rising to the forefront of neurodegenerative disorder research. Identified as crucial components of a healthy brain, it is undeniable that when astrocytes are dysfunctional, the entire brain is thrown into disarray. We offer epilepsy as a well-studied neurological disorder in which there is clear evidence of astrocyte contribution to diseases as evidenced across several different disease models, including mouse models of hippocampal sclerosis, trauma associated epilepsy, glioma-associated epilepsy, and beta-1 integrin knockout astrogliosis. In this review we suggest that astrocyte-driven neuroinflammation, which plays a large role in the pathology of epilepsy, is at least partially modulated by interactions with perineuronal nets (PNNs), highly structured formations of the extracellular matrix (ECM). These matrix structures affect synaptic placement, but also intrinsic neuronal properties such as membrane capacitance, as well as ion buffering in their immediate milieu all of which alters neuronal excitability. We propose that the interactions between PNNs and astrocytes contribute to the disease progression of epilepsy vis a vis neuroinflammation. Further investigation and alteration of these interactions to reduce the resultant neuroinflammation may serve as a potential therapeutic target that provides an alternative to the standard anti-seizure medications from which patients are so frequently unable to benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- AnnaLin M. Woo
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Neuroscience Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Harald Sontheimer
- Neuroscience Department, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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11
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Henley T, Goudy J, Easterling M, Donley C, Wirka R, Bressan M. Local tissue mechanics control cardiac pacemaker cell embryonic patterning. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201799. [PMID: 36973005 PMCID: PMC10043993 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac pacemaker cells (CPCs) initiate the electric impulses that drive the rhythmic beating of the heart. CPCs reside in a heterogeneous, ECM-rich microenvironment termed the sinoatrial node (SAN). Surprisingly, little is known regarding the biochemical composition or mechanical properties of the SAN, and how the unique structural characteristics present in this region of the heart influence CPC function remains poorly understood. Here, we have identified that SAN development involves the construction of a "soft" macromolecular ECM that specifically encapsulates CPCs. In addition, we demonstrate that subjecting embryonic CPCs to substrate stiffnesses higher than those measured in vivo results in loss of coherent electrical oscillation and dysregulation of the HCN4 and NCX1 ion channels required for CPC automaticity. Collectively, these data indicate that local mechanics play a critical role in maintaining the embryonic CPC function while also quantitatively defining the range of material properties that are optimal for embryonic CPC maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Henley
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Julie Goudy
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marietta Easterling
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carrie Donley
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Robert Wirka
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael Bressan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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12
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Mueller-Buehl C, Wegrzyn D, Bauch J, Faissner A. Regulation of the E/I-balance by the neural matrisome. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1102334. [PMID: 37143468 PMCID: PMC10151766 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1102334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian cortex a proper excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance is fundamental for cognitive functions. Especially γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-releasing interneurons regulate the activity of excitatory projection neurons which form the second main class of neurons in the cortex. During development, the maturation of fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing interneurons goes along with the formation of net-like structures covering their soma and proximal dendrites. These so-called perineuronal nets (PNNs) represent a specialized form of the extracellular matrix (ECM, also designated as matrisome) that stabilize structural synapses but prevent the formation of new connections. Consequently, PNNs are highly involved in the regulation of the synaptic balance. Previous studies revealed that the formation of perineuronal nets is accompanied by an establishment of mature neuronal circuits and by a closure of critical windows of synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, it has been shown that PNNs differentially impinge the integrity of excitatory and inhibitory synapses. In various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders alterations of PNNs were described and aroused more attention in the last years. The following review gives an update about the role of PNNs for the maturation of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons and summarizes recent findings about the impact of PNNs in different neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia or epilepsy. A targeted manipulation of PNNs might provide an interesting new possibility to indirectly modulate the synaptic balance and the E/I ratio in pathological conditions.
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13
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Altered Extracellular Matrix as an Alternative Risk Factor for Epileptogenicity in Brain Tumors. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102475. [PMID: 36289737 PMCID: PMC9599244 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizures are one of the most common symptoms of brain tumors. The incidence of seizures differs among brain tumor type, grade, location and size, but paediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas/glioneuronal tumors are often highly epileptogenic. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is known to play a role in epileptogenesis and tumorigenesis because it is involved in the (re)modelling of neuronal connections and cell-cell signaling. In this review, we discuss the epileptogenicity of brain tumors with a focus on tumor type, location, genetics and the role of the extracellular matrix. In addition to functional problems, epileptogenic tumors can lead to increased morbidity and mortality, stigmatization and life-long care. The health advantages can be major if the epileptogenic properties of brain tumors are better understood. Surgical resection is the most common treatment of epilepsy-associated tumors, but post-surgery seizure-freedom is not always achieved. Therefore, we also discuss potential novel therapies aiming to restore ECM function.
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14
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Fawcett JW, Fyhn M, Jendelova P, Kwok JCF, Ruzicka J, Sorg BA. The extracellular matrix and perineuronal nets in memory. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3192-3203. [PMID: 35760878 PMCID: PMC9708575 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01634-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
All components of the CNS are surrounded by a diffuse extracellular matrix (ECM) containing chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs), heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs), hyaluronan, various glycoproteins including tenascins and thrombospondin, and many other molecules that are secreted into the ECM and bind to ECM components. In addition, some neurons, particularly inhibitory GABAergic parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons, are surrounded by a more condensed cartilage-like ECM called perineuronal nets (PNNs). PNNs surround the soma and proximal dendrites as net-like structures that surround the synapses. Attention has focused on the role of PNNs in the control of plasticity, but it is now clear that PNNs also play an important part in the modulation of memory. In this review we summarize the role of the ECM, particularly the PNNs, in the control of various types of memory and their participation in memory pathology. PNNs are now being considered as a target for the treatment of impaired memory. There are many potential treatment targets in PNNs, mainly through modulation of the sulphation, binding, and production of the various CSPGs that they contain or through digestion of their sulphated glycosaminoglycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Fawcett
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Department Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PY, UK.
- Centre for Reconstructive Neuroscience, Institute for Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Marianne Fyhn
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pavla Jendelova
- Centre for Reconstructive Neuroscience, Institute for Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jessica C F Kwok
- Centre for Reconstructive Neuroscience, Institute for Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Prague, Czech Republic
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jiri Ruzicka
- Centre for Reconstructive Neuroscience, Institute for Experimental Medicine CAS, Videnska 1083, Prague 4, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara A Sorg
- Robert S. Dow Neurobiology Laboratories, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, OR, USA
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15
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Sánchez-Ventura J, Lane MA, Udina E. The Role and Modulation of Spinal Perineuronal Nets in the Healthy and Injured Spinal Cord. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:893857. [PMID: 35669108 PMCID: PMC9163449 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.893857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rather than being a stable scaffold, perineuronal nets (PNNs) are a dynamic and specialized extracellular matrix involved in plasticity modulation. They have been extensively studied in the brain and associated with neuroprotection, ionic buffering, and neural maturation. However, their biological function in the spinal cord and the effects of disrupting spinal PNNs remain elusive. The goal of this review is to summarize the current knowledge of spinal PNNs and their potential in pathological conditions such as traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). We also highlighted interventions that have been used to modulate the extracellular matrix after SCI, targeting the glial scar and spinal PNNs, in an effort to promote regeneration and stabilization of the spinal circuits, respectively. These concepts are discussed in the framework of developmental and neuroplastic changes in PNNs, drawing similarities between immature and denervated neurons after an SCI, which may provide a useful context for future SCI research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Sánchez-Ventura
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Michael A. Lane
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- The Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Esther Udina
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain
- *Correspondence: Esther Udina
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16
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Kumar A, Biswas A, Bojja SL, Kolathur KK, Volety SM. Emerging therapeutic role of chondroitinase (ChABC) in neurological disorders and cancer. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885517666220331151619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Proteoglycans are essential biomacromolecules that participate in matrix structure and organization, cell proliferation and migration, and cell surface signal transduction. However, their roles in physiology, particularly in CNS remain incompletely deciphered. Numerous studies highlight the elevated levels of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in various diseases like cancers and neurological disorders like spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain damage, neurodegenerative diseases, and are mainly implicated to hinder tissue repair. In such a context, chondroitinase ABC (ChABC), a therapeutic enzyme has shown immense hope to treat these diseases in several preclinical studies, primarily attributed to the digestion of the side chains of the proteoglycan chondroitin sulphate (CS) molecule. Despite extensive research, the progress in evolving the concept of therapeutic targeting of proteoglycans is still in its infancy. This review thus provides fresh insights into the emerging therapeutic applications of ChABC in various diseases apart from SCI and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshara Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Aishi Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sree Lalitha Bojja
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Kolathur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Subrahmanyam M Volety
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
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17
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Enzymatic Degradation of Cortical Perineuronal Nets Reverses GABAergic Interneuron Maturation. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2874-2893. [PMID: 35233718 PMCID: PMC9016038 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02772-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialised extracellular matrix structures which preferentially enwrap fast-spiking (FS) parvalbumin interneurons and have diverse roles in the cortex. PNN maturation coincides with closure of the critical period of cortical plasticity. We have previously demonstrated that BDNF accelerates interneuron development in a c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)–dependent manner, which may involve upstream thousand-and-one amino acid kinase 2 (TAOK2). Chondroitinase-ABC (ChABC) enzymatic digestion of PNNs reportedly reactivates ‘juvenile-like’ plasticity in the adult CNS. However, the mechanisms involved are unclear. We show that ChABC produces an immature molecular phenotype in cultured cortical neurons, corresponding to the phenotype prior to critical period closure. ChABC produced different patterns of PNN-related, GABAergic and immediate early (IE) gene expression than well-characterised modulators of mature plasticity and network activity (GABAA-R antagonist, bicuculline, and sodium-channel blocker, tetrodotoxin (TTX)). ChABC downregulated JNK activity, while this was upregulated by bicuculline. Bicuculline, but not ChABC, upregulated Bdnf expression and ERK activity. Furthermore, we found that BDNF upregulation of semaphorin-3A and IE genes was TAOK mediated. Our data suggest that ChABC heightens structural flexibility and network disinhibition, potentially contributing to ‘juvenile-like’ plasticity. The molecular phenotype appears to be distinct from heightened mature synaptic plasticity and could relate to JNK signalling. Finally, we highlight that BDNF regulation of plasticity and PNNs involves TAOK signalling.
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18
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Crapser JD, Arreola MA, Tsourmas KI, Green KN. Microglia as hackers of the matrix: sculpting synapses and the extracellular space. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2472-2488. [PMID: 34413489 PMCID: PMC8546068 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia shape the synaptic environment in health and disease, but synapses do not exist in a vacuum. Instead, pre- and postsynaptic terminals are surrounded by extracellular matrix (ECM), which together with glia comprise the four elements of the contemporary tetrapartite synapse model. While research in this area is still just beginning, accumulating evidence points toward a novel role for microglia in regulating the ECM during normal brain homeostasis, and such processes may, in turn, become dysfunctional in disease. As it relates to synapses, microglia are reported to modify the perisynaptic matrix, which is the diffuse matrix that surrounds dendritic and axonal terminals, as well as perineuronal nets (PNNs), specialized reticular formations of compact ECM that enwrap neuronal subsets and stabilize proximal synapses. The interconnected relationship between synapses and the ECM in which they are embedded suggests that alterations in one structure necessarily affect the dynamics of the other, and microglia may need to sculpt the matrix to modify the synapses within. Here, we provide an overview of the microglial regulation of synapses, perisynaptic matrix, and PNNs, propose candidate mechanisms by which these structures may be modified, and present the implications of such modifications in normal brain homeostasis and in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Crapser
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Miguel A. Arreola
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Kate I. Tsourmas
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Kim N. Green
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
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19
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Varlamova EG, Turovsky EA, Blinova EV. Therapeutic Potential and Main Methods of Obtaining Selenium Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910808. [PMID: 34639150 PMCID: PMC8509153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents the latest data on the importance of selenium nanoparticles in human health, their use in medicine, and the main known methods of their production by various methods. In recent years, a multifaceted study of nanoscale complexes in medicine, including selenium nanoparticles, has become very important in view of a number of positive features that make it possible to create new drugs based on them or significantly improve the properties of existing drugs. It is known that selenium is an essential trace element that is part of key antioxidant enzymes. In mammals, there are 25 selenoproteins, in which selenium is a key component of the active site. The important role of selenium in human health has been repeatedly proven by several hundred works in the past few decades; in recent years, the study of selenium nanocomplexes has become the focus of researchers. A large amount of accumulated data requires generalization and systematization in order to improve understanding of the key mechanisms and prospects for the use of selenium nanoparticles in medicine, which is the purpose of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Varlamova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.G.V.); (E.A.T.)
| | - Egor A. Turovsky
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.G.V.); (E.A.T.)
| | - Ekaterina V. Blinova
- Department of Clinical Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Department of Pharmacological Technology and Pharmacology, Sechenov University, 8/1 Trubetzkaya Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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20
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Nojima K, Miyazaki H, Hori T, Vargova L, Oohashi T. Assessment of Possible Contributions of Hyaluronan and Proteoglycan Binding Link Protein 4 to Differential Perineuronal Net Formation at the Calyx of Held. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:730550. [PMID: 34604231 PMCID: PMC8485899 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.730550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The calyx of Held is a giant nerve terminal mediating high-frequency excitatory input to principal cells of the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). MNTB principal neurons are enwrapped by densely organized extracellular matrix structures, known as perineuronal nets (PNNs). Emerging evidence indicates the importance of PNNs in synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held. Previously, a unique differential expression of aggrecan and brevican has been reported at this calyceal synapse. However, the role of hyaluronan and proteoglycan binding link proteins (HAPLNs) in PNN formation and synaptic transmission at this synapse remains elusive. This study aimed to assess immunohistochemical evidence for the effect of HAPLN4 on differential PNN formation at the calyx of Held. Genetic deletion of Hapln4 exhibited a clear ectopic shift of brevican localization from the perisynaptic space between the calyx of Held terminals and principal neurons to the neuropil surrounding the whole calyx of Held terminals. In contrast, aggrecan expression showed a consistent localization at the surrounding neuropil, together with HAPLN1 and tenascin-R, in both gene knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. An in situ proximity ligation assay demonstrated the molecular association of brevican with HAPLN4 in WT and HAPLN1 in gene KO mice. Further elucidation of the roles of HAPLN4 may highlight the developmental and physiological importance of PNN formation in the calyx of Held.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojiro Nojima
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Haruko Miyazaki
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hori
- Cellular and Molecular Synaptic Function Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Lydia Vargova
- Department of Neuroscience, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Cellular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czechia
| | - Toshitaka Oohashi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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21
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Yang S, Gigout S, Molinaro A, Naito-Matsui Y, Hilton S, Foscarin S, Nieuwenhuis B, Tan CL, Verhaagen J, Pizzorusso T, Saksida LM, Bussey TM, Kitagawa H, Kwok JCF, Fawcett JW. Chondroitin 6-sulphate is required for neuroplasticity and memory in ageing. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:5658-5668. [PMID: 34272488 PMCID: PMC8758471 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan-containing structures on the neuronal surface that have been implicated in the control of neuroplasticity and memory. Age-related reduction of chondroitin 6-sulphates (C6S) leads to PNNs becoming more inhibitory. Here, we investigated whether manipulation of the chondroitin sulphate (CS) composition of the PNNs could restore neuroplasticity and alleviate memory deficits in aged mice. We first confirmed that aged mice (20-months) showed memory and plasticity deficits. They were able to retain or regain their cognitive ability when CSs were digested or PNNs were attenuated. We then explored the role of C6S in memory and neuroplasticity. Transgenic deletion of chondroitin 6-sulfotransferase (chst3) led to a reduction of permissive C6S, simulating aged brains. These animals showed very early memory loss at 11 weeks old. Importantly, restoring C6S levels in aged animals rescued the memory deficits and restored cortical long-term potentiation, suggesting a strategy to improve age-related memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeong Yang
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Sylvain Gigout
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Yuko Naito-Matsui
- Department of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sam Hilton
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simona Foscarin
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bart Nieuwenhuis
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratory for Regeneration of Sensorimotor Systems, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chin Lik Tan
- Division of Neurosurgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joost Verhaagen
- Laboratory for Regeneration of Sensorimotor Systems, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Pizzorusso
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Pisa, Italy
- Department NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa M Saksida
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Timothy M Bussey
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jessica C F Kwok
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- Centre for Reconstructive Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - James W Fawcett
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Centre for Reconstructive Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine CAS, Prague, Czech Republic.
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22
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Bucher EA, Collins JM, King AE, Vickers JC, Kirkcaldie MTK. Coherence and cognition in the cortex: the fundamental role of parvalbumin, myelin, and the perineuronal net. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:2041-2055. [PMID: 34175994 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The calcium binding protein parvalbumin is expressed in interneurons of two main morphologies, the basket and chandelier cells, which target perisomatic domains on principal cells and are extensively interconnected in laminar networks by synapses and gap junctions. Beyond its utility as a convenient cellular marker, parvalbumin is an unambiguous identifier of the key role that these interneurons play in the fundamental functions of the cortex. They provide a temporal framework for principal cell activity by propagating gamma oscillation, providing coherence for cortical information processing and the basis for timing-dependent plasticity processes. As these parvalbumin networks mature, they are physically and functionally stabilised by axonal myelination and development of the extracellular matrix structure termed the perineuronal net. This maturation correlates with the emergence of high-speed, highly energetic activity and provides a coherent foundation for the unique ability of the cortex to cross-correlate activity across sensory modes and internal representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie A Bucher
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 143, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Jessica M Collins
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 143, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Anna E King
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 143, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - James C Vickers
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 143, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Matthew T K Kirkcaldie
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 143, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
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23
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Pantazopoulos H, Katsel P, Haroutunian V, Chelini G, Klengel T, Berretta S. Molecular signature of extracellular matrix pathology in schizophrenia. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3960-3987. [PMID: 33070392 PMCID: PMC8359380 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence points to a critical involvement of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Decreases of perineuronal nets (PNNs) and altered expression of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in glial cells have been identified in several brain regions. GWAS data have identified several SZ vulnerability variants of genes encoding for ECM molecules. Given the potential relevance of ECM functions to the pathophysiology of this disorder, it is necessary to understand the extent of ECM changes across brain regions, their region- and sex-specificity and which ECM components contribute to these changes. We tested the hypothesis that the expression of genes encoding for ECM molecules may be broadly disrupted in SZ across several cortical and subcortical brain regions and include key ECM components as well as factors such as ECM posttranslational modifications and regulator factors. Gene expression profiling of 14 neocortical brain regions, caudate, putamen and hippocampus from control subjects (n = 14/region) and subjects with SZ (n = 16/region) was conducted using Affymetrix microarray analysis. Analysis across brain regions revealed widespread dysregulation of ECM gene expression in cortical and subcortical brain regions in SZ, impacting several ECM functional key components. SRGN, CD44, ADAMTS1, ADAM10, BCAN, NCAN and SEMA4G showed some of the most robust changes. Region-, sex- and age-specific gene expression patterns and correlation with cognitive scores were also detected. Taken together, these findings contribute to emerging evidence for large-scale ECM dysregulation in SZ and point to molecular pathways involved in PNN decreases, glial cell dysfunction and cognitive impairment in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Pantazopoulos
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical SciencesUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Pavel Katsel
- Department of PsychiatryThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mental Illness Research Education ClinicalCenters of Excellence (MIRECC)JJ Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNYUSA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Department of PsychiatryThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mental Illness Research Education ClinicalCenters of Excellence (MIRECC)JJ Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNYUSA
| | - Gabriele Chelini
- Translational Neuroscience LaboratoryMclean HospitalBelmontMAUSA
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Torsten Klengel
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Translational Molecular Genomics LaboratoryMclean HospitalBelmontMAUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Sabina Berretta
- Translational Neuroscience LaboratoryMclean HospitalBelmontMAUSA
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Program in NeuroscienceHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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Structural and Functional Modulation of Perineuronal Nets: In Search of Important Players with Highlight on Tenascins. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061345. [PMID: 34072323 PMCID: PMC8230358 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain plays a crucial role in providing optimal conditions for neuronal function. Interactions between neurons and a specialized form of ECM, perineuronal nets (PNN), are considered a key mechanism for the regulation of brain plasticity. Such an assembly of interconnected structural and regulatory molecules has a prominent role in the control of synaptic plasticity. In this review, we discuss novel ways of studying the interplay between PNN and its regulatory components, particularly tenascins, in the processes of synaptic plasticity, mechanotransduction, and neurogenesis. Since enhanced neuronal activity promotes PNN degradation, it is possible to study PNN remodeling as a dynamical change in the expression and organization of its constituents that is reflected in its ultrastructure. The discovery of these subtle modifications is enabled by the development of super-resolution microscopy and advanced methods of image analysis.
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25
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Jorgensen ET, Gonzalez AE, Harkness JH, Hegarty DM, Thakar A, Burchi DJ, Aadland JA, Aicher SA, Sorg BA, Brown TE. Cocaine memory reactivation induces functional adaptations within parvalbumin interneurons in the rat medial prefrontal cortex. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12947. [PMID: 32750200 PMCID: PMC9148679 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Substance use disorder is a complex disease created in part by maladaptive learning and memory mechanisms following repeated drug use. Exposure to drug-associated stimuli engages prefrontal cortex circuits, and dysfunction of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is thought to underlie drug-seeking behaviors. Growing evidence supports a role for parvalbumin containing fast-spiking interneurons (FSI) in modulating prefrontal cortical microcircuit activity by influencing the balance of excitation and inhibition, which can influence learning and memory processes. Most parvalbumin FSIs within layer V of the prelimbic mPFC are surrounded by specialized extracellular matrix structures called perineuronal nets (PNN). Previous work by our group found that cocaine exposure altered PNN-surrounded FSI function, and pharmacological removal of PNNs reduced cocaine-seeking behavior. However, the role of FSIs and associated constituents (parvalbumin and PNNs) in cocaine-related memories was not previously explored and is still unknown. Here, we found that reactivation of a cocaine conditioned place preference memory produced changes in cortical PNN-surrounded parvalbumin FSIs, including decreased parvalbumin intensity, increased parvalbumin cell axis diameter, decreased intrinsic excitability, and increased excitatory synaptic input. Further investigation of intrinsic properties revealed changes in the interspike interval, membrane capacitance, and afterhyperpolarization recovery time. Changes in these specific properties suggest an increase in potassium-mediated currents, which was validated with additional electrophysiological analysis. Collectively, our results indicate that cocaine memory reactivation induces functional adaptations in PNN-surrounded parvalbumin neurons, which likely alters cortical output to promote cocaine-seeking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily T. Jorgensen
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
| | - Angela E. Gonzalez
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686
- R.S. Dow Neurobiology, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, OR 97239
| | - John H. Harkness
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686
| | - Deborah M. Hegarty
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Amit Thakar
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
| | - Delta J. Burchi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
| | - Jake A. Aadland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
| | - Sue A. Aicher
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Barbara A. Sorg
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686
- R.S. Dow Neurobiology, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Travis E. Brown
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071
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26
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An Extracellular Perspective on CNS Maturation: Perineuronal Nets and the Control of Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052434. [PMID: 33670945 PMCID: PMC7957817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During restricted time windows of postnatal life, called critical periods, neural circuits are highly plastic and are shaped by environmental stimuli. In several mammalian brain areas, from the cerebral cortex to the hippocampus and amygdala, the closure of the critical period is dependent on the formation of perineuronal nets. Perineuronal nets are a condensed form of an extracellular matrix, which surrounds the soma and proximal dendrites of subsets of neurons, enwrapping synaptic terminals. Experimentally disrupting perineuronal nets in adult animals induces the reactivation of critical period plasticity, pointing to a role of the perineuronal net as a molecular brake on plasticity as the critical period closes. Interestingly, in the adult brain, the expression of perineuronal nets is remarkably dynamic, changing its plasticity-associated conditions, including memory processes. In this review, we aimed to address how perineuronal nets contribute to the maturation of brain circuits and the regulation of adult brain plasticity and memory processes in physiological and pathological conditions.
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27
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Mascio G, Bucci D, Notartomaso S, Liberatore F, Antenucci N, Scarselli P, Imbriglio T, Caruso S, Gradini R, Cannella M, Di Menna L, Bruno V, Battaglia G, Nicoletti F. Perineuronal nets are under the control of type-5 metabotropic glutamate receptors in the developing somatosensory cortex. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:109. [PMID: 33597513 PMCID: PMC7889908 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors are highly functional in the early postnatal life, and regulate developmental plasticity of parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons in the cerebral cortex. PV+ cells are enwrapped by perineuronal nets (PNNs) at the closure of critical windows of cortical plasticity. Changes in PNNs have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. We found that the number of Wisteria Fluoribunda Agglutinin (WFA)+ PNNs and the density of WFA+/PV+ cells were largely increased in the somatosensory cortex of mGlu5-/- mice at PND16. An increased WFA+ PNN density was also observed after pharmacological blockade of mGlu5 receptors in the first two postnatal weeks. The number of WFA+ PNNs in mGlu5-/- mice was close to a plateau at PND16, whereas continued to increase in wild-type mice, and there was no difference between the two genotypes at PND21 and PND60. mGlu5-/- mice at PND16 showed increases in the transcripts of genes involved in PNN formation and a reduced expression and activity of type-9 matrix metalloproteinase in the somatosensory cortex suggesting that mGlu5 receptors control both PNN formation and degradation. Finally, unilateral whisker stimulation from PND9 to PND16 enhanced WFA+ PNN density in the contralateral somatosensory cortex only in mGlu5+/+ mice, whereas whisker trimming from PND9 to PND16 reduced WFA+ PNN density exclusively in mGlu5-/- mice, suggesting that mGlu5 receptors shape the PNN response to sensory experience. These findings disclose a novel undescribed mechanism of PNN regulation, and lay the groundwork for the study of mGlu5 receptors and PNNs in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Mascio
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Domenico Bucci
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | | | - Nico Antenucci
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Caruso
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Gradini
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Milena Cannella
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Luisa Di Menna
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Valeria Bruno
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy ,grid.7841.aDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- grid.419543.e0000 0004 1760 3561IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy ,grid.7841.aDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
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28
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Katarzyna Greda A, Nowicka D. Hyaluronidase inhibition accelerates functional recovery from stroke in the mouse brain. J Neurochem 2021; 157:781-801. [PMID: 33345310 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are presumed to limit plasticity in adult animals. Ischaemic stroke results in the massive breakdown of PNNs resulting in rejuvenating states of neuronal plasticity, but the mechanisms of this phenomenon are largely unknown. As hyaluronic acid (HA) is the structural backbone of PNNs, we hypothesized that these changes are a consequence of the altered expression of HA metabolism enzymes. Additionally, we investigated whether early hyaluronidase inhibition interferes with post-stroke PNN reduction and behavioural recovery. We investigated the mRNA/protein expression of these enzymes in the perilesional, remote and contralateral cortical regions in mice at different time points after photothrombosis, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. A skilled reaching test was employed to test hyaluronidase inhibitor L-ascorbic acid 6-hexadecanoate influence on post-stroke recovery. We found the simultaneous up-regulation of mRNA of HA synthesizing and degrading enzymes in the perilesional area early after stroke, suggesting an acceleration of HA turnover in ischaemic animals. Immunostaining revealed differential cellular localization of enzymes, with hyaluronidase 1 in astrocytes and hyaluronan synthase 2 in astrocytes and neurons, and post-stroke up-regulation of both of them in astrocytes. β-glucuronidase was observed in neurons but post-stroke up-regulation occurred in microglia. Inhibition of hyaluronidase activity early after stroke resulted in improved performance in skilled reaching test, without affecting the numbers of PNNs. These results suggest that after stroke, a substantial reorganization of polysaccharide content occurs, and interfering with this process at early time has a beneficial effect on recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Katarzyna Greda
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Laboratory of Epileptogenesis, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Nowicka
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Laboratory of Epileptogenesis, Warsaw, Poland
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29
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Hitzemann R, Phillips TJ, Lockwood DR, Darakjian P, Searles RP. Phenotypic and gene expression features associated with variation in chronic ethanol consumption in heterogeneous stock collaborative cross mice. Genomics 2020; 112:4516-4524. [PMID: 32771621 PMCID: PMC7749084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Of the more than 100 studies that have examined relationships between excessive ethanol consumption and the brain transcriptome, few rodent studies have examined chronic consumption. Heterogeneous stock collaborative cross mice freely consumed ethanol vs. water for 3 months. Transcriptional differences were examined for the central nucleus of the amygdala, a brain region known to impact ethanol preference. Early preference was modestly predictive of final preference and there was significant escalation of preference in females only. Genes significantly correlated with female preference were enriched in annotations for the primary cilium and extracellular matrix. A single module in the gene co-expression network was enriched in genes with an astrocyte annotation. The key hub node was the master regulator, orthodenticle homeobox 2 (Otx2). These data support an important role for the extracellular matrix, primary cilium and astrocytes in ethanol preference and consumption differences among individual female mice of a genetically diverse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hitzemann
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Tamara J Phillips
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Denesa R Lockwood
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Priscila Darakjian
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Robert P Searles
- Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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30
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Evanko SP, Gooden MD, Kang I, Chan CK, Vernon RB, Wight TN. A Role for HAPLN1 During Phenotypic Modulation of Human Lung Fibroblasts In Vitro. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:797-811. [PMID: 33064036 PMCID: PMC7649966 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420966663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1) stabilizes interactions between two important extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules, versican and hyaluronan, which facilitate proliferation of fibroblasts and their conversion to myofibroblasts. However, the role of HAPLN1 in these events has not been studied. Using immunocytochemistry, cellular and ECM locations of HAPLN1 were evaluated in cultured human lung fibroblasts during proliferation and conversion to myofibroblasts. HAPLN1 localized to pericellular matrices, associating with both versican and hyaluronan in the ECM and on the cell surface. Nuclear and total HAPLN1 immunostaining increased after myofibroblast induction. Confocal microscopy showed HAPLN1 predominant in the ECM under cells while versican predominated above cells. Versican and HAPLN1 were also juxtaposed in columnar inclusions in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Nuclear HAPLN1 staining in interphase cells redistributed to the cytosol during mitosis. In the absence of TGF-β1, addition of exogenous bovine HAPLN1 (together with aggrecan G1) facilitated myofibroblast formation, as seen by significant upregulation of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) staining, while adding full-length bovine versican had no effect. Increased compaction of hyaluronan-rich ECM suggests that HAPLN1 plus G1 addition affects hyaluronan networks and myofibroblast formation. These observations demonstrate changes in both extracellular and intracellular localization of HAPLN1 during fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast conversion suggesting a possible role in fibrotic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Evanko
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michel D Gooden
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Inkyung Kang
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christina K Chan
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert B Vernon
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
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31
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Diverse Roles for Hyaluronan and Hyaluronan Receptors in the Developing and Adult Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21175988. [PMID: 32825309 PMCID: PMC7504301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) plays a vital role in the extracellular matrix of neural tissues. Originally thought to hydrate tissues and provide mechanical support, it is now clear that HA is also a complex signaling molecule that can regulate cell processes in the developing and adult nervous systems. Signaling properties are determined by molecular weight, bound proteins, and signal transduction through specific receptors. HA signaling regulates processes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, and process extension in a variety of cell types including neural stem cells, neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocyte progenitors. The synthesis and catabolism of HA and the expression of HA receptors are altered in disease and influence neuroinflammation and disease pathogenesis. This review discusses the roles of HA, its synthesis and breakdown, as well as receptor expression in neurodevelopment, nervous system function and disease.
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Lateralized Expression of Cortical Perineuronal Nets during Maternal Experience is Dependent on MECP2. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0500-19.2020. [PMID: 32332080 PMCID: PMC7294466 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0500-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortical neuronal circuits along the sensorimotor pathways are shaped by experience during critical periods of heightened plasticity in early postnatal development. After closure of critical periods, measured histologically by the formation and maintenance of extracellular matrix structures called perineuronal nets (PNNs), the adult mouse brain exhibits restricted plasticity and maturity. Mature PNNs are typically considered to be stable structures that restrict synaptic plasticity on cortical parvalbumin+ (PV+) GABAergic neurons. Changes in environment (i.e., novel behavioral training) or social contexts (i.e., motherhood) are known to elicit synaptic plasticity in relevant neural circuitry. However, little is known about concomitant changes in the PNNs surrounding the cortical PV+ GABAergic neurons. Here, we show novel changes in PNN density in the primary somatosensory cortex (SS1) of adult female mice after maternal experience [called surrogate (Sur)], using systematic microscopy analysis of a whole brain region. On average, PNNs were increased in the right barrel field and decreased in the left forelimb regions. Individual mice had left hemisphere dominance in PNN density. Using adult female mice deficient in methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2), an epigenetic regulator involved in regulating experience-dependent plasticity, we found that MECP2 is critical for this precise and dynamic expression of PNN. Adult naive Mecp2-heterozygous (Het) females had increased PNN density in specific subregions in both hemispheres before maternal experience, compared with wild-type (WT) littermate controls. The laterality in PNN expression seen in naive Het (NH) was lost after maternal experience in Sur Het (SH) mice, suggesting possible intact mechanisms for plasticity. Together, our results identify subregion and hemisphere-specific alterations in PNN expression in adult females, suggesting extracellular matrix plasticity as a possible neurobiological mechanism for adult behaviors in rodents.
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Anderson MD, Paylor JW, Scott GA, Greba Q, Winship IR, Howland JG. ChABC infusions into medial prefrontal cortex, but not posterior parietal cortex, improve the performance of rats tested on a novel, challenging delay in the touchscreen TUNL task. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:222-235. [PMID: 32414940 PMCID: PMC7233150 DOI: 10.1101/lm.050245.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialized extracellular matrix structures that surround subsets of neurons throughout the central nervous system (CNS). They are made up of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), hyaluronan, tenascin-R, and many other link proteins that together make up their rigid and lattice-like structure. Modulation of PNNs can alter synaptic plasticity and thereby affect learning, memory, and cognition. In the present study, we degraded PNNs in the medial prefrontal (mPFC) and posterior parietal (PPC) cortices of Long–Evans rats using the enzyme chondroitinase ABC (ChABC), which cleaves apart CSPGs. We then measured the consequences of PNN degradation on spatial working memory (WM) with a trial-unique, non-matching-to location (TUNL) automated touchscreen task. All rats were trained with a standard 6 sec delay and 20 sec inter-trial interval (ITI) and then tested under four different conditions: a 6 sec delay, a variable 2 or 6 sec delay, a 2 sec delay with a 1 sec ITI (interference condition), and a 20 sec delay. Rats that received mPFC ChABC treatment initially performed TUNL with higher accuracy, more selection trials completed, and fewer correction trials completed compared to controls in the 20 sec delay condition but did not perform differently from controls in any other condition. Rats that received PPC ChABC treatment did not perform significantly differently from controls in any condition. Posthumous immunohistochemistry confirmed an increase in CSPG degradation products (C4S stain) in the mPFC and PPC following ChABC infusions while WFA staining intensity and parvalbumin positive neuron number were decreased following mPFC, but not PPC, ChABC infusions. These findings suggest that PNNs in the mPFC play a subtle role in spatial WM, but PNNs in the PPC do not. Furthermore, it appears that PNNs in the mPFC are involved in adapting to a challenging novel delay, but that they do not play an essential role in spatial WM function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Anderson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - John W Paylor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Gavin A Scott
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Quentin Greba
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ian R Winship
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - John G Howland
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
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Alonge KM, Logsdon AF, Murphree TA, Banks WA, Keene CD, Edgar JS, Whittington D, Schwartz MW, Guttman M. Quantitative analysis of chondroitin sulfate disaccharides from human and rodent fixed brain tissue by electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Glycobiology 2020; 29:847-860. [PMID: 31361007 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfates (CS) are long, negatively charged, unbranched glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains attached to CS-proteoglycan (CSPG) core proteins that comprise the glycan component in both loose interstitial extracellular matrices (ECMs) and in rigid, structured perineuronal net (PNN) scaffolds within the brain. As aberrant CS-PNN formations have been linked to a range of pathological states, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and schizophrenia, the analysis of CS-GAGs in brain tissue at the disaccharide level has great potential to enhance disease diagnosis and prognosis. Two mass-spectrometry (MS)-based approaches were adapted to detect CS disaccharides from minute fixed tissue samples with low picomolar sensitivity and high reproducibility. The first approach employed a straightforward, quantitative direct infusion (DI)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) technique to determine the percentages of Δ4S- and Δ6S-CS disaccharides within the 4S/6S-CS ratio, while the second used a comprehensive liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS technique to determine the relative percentages of Δ0S-, Δ4S-, Δ6S-, Δ4S6S-CS and Δ2S6S-CS disaccharides, with internal validation by full chondroitin lyase activity. The quantitative accuracy of the five primary biologically relevant CS disaccharides was validated using a developmental time course series in fixed rodent brain tissue. We then analyzed the CS disaccharide composition in formalin-fixed human brain tissue, thus providing the first quantitative report of CS sulfation patterns in the human brain. The ability to comprehensively analyze the CS disaccharide composition from fixed brain tissue provides a means with which to identify alterations in the CS-GAG composition in relation to the onset and/or progression of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Alonge
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aric F Logsdon
- Department of Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Taylor A Murphree
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - William A Banks
- Department of Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J Scott Edgar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dale Whittington
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael W Schwartz
- University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Miklos Guttman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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35
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Hering TM, Beller JA, Calulot CM, Snow DM. Contributions of Chondroitin Sulfate, Keratan Sulfate and N-linked Oligosaccharides to Inhibition of Neurite Outgrowth by Aggrecan. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9020029. [PMID: 32059349 PMCID: PMC7168311 DOI: 10.3390/biology9020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The role of proteoglycans in the central nervous system (CNS) is a rapidly evolving field and has major implications in the field of CNS injury. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) increase in abundance following damage to the spinal cord and inhibit neurite outgrowth. Major advances in understanding the interaction between outgrowing neurites and CSPGs has created a need for more robust and quantitative analyses to further our understanding of this interaction. We report the use of a high-throughput assay to determine the effect of various post-translational modifications of aggrecan upon neurite outgrowth from NS-1 cells (a PC12 cell line derivative). Aggrecan contains chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate, and N-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans), each susceptible to removal through different enzymatic digestions. Using a sequential digestion approach, we found that chondroitin sulfate and N-glycans, but not keratan sulfate, contribute to inhibition of neurite outgrowth by substrate-bound aggrecan. For the first time, we have shown that N-linked oligosaccharides on aggrecan contribute to its inhibition of neuritogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Hering
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (J.A.B.); (C.M.C.); (D.M.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-288-1393
| | - Justin A. Beller
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (J.A.B.); (C.M.C.); (D.M.S.)
| | - Christopher M. Calulot
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (J.A.B.); (C.M.C.); (D.M.S.)
| | - Diane M. Snow
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (J.A.B.); (C.M.C.); (D.M.S.)
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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36
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Eill GJ, Sinha A, Morawski M, Viapiano MS, Matthews RT. The protein tyrosine phosphatase RPTPζ/phosphacan is critical for perineuronal net structure. J Biol Chem 2019; 295:955-968. [PMID: 31822561 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are conspicuous neuron-specific substructures within the extracellular matrix of the central nervous system that have generated an explosion of interest over the last decade. These reticulated structures appear to surround synapses on the cell bodies of a subset of the neurons in the central nervous system and play key roles in both developmental and adult-brain plasticity. Despite the interest in these structures and compelling demonstrations of their importance in regulating plasticity, their precise functional mechanisms remain elusive. The limited mechanistic understanding of PNNs is primarily because of an incomplete knowledge of their molecular composition and structure and a failure to identify PNN-specific targets. Thus, it has been challenging to precisely manipulate PNNs to rigorously investigate their function. Here, using mouse models and neuronal cultures, we demonstrate a role of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase zeta (RPTPζ) in PNN structure. We found that in the absence of RPTPζ, the reticular structure of PNNs is lost and phenocopies the PNN structural abnormalities observed in tenascin-R knockout brains. Furthermore, we biochemically analyzed the contribution of RPTPζ to PNN formation and structure, which enabled us to generate a more detailed model for PNNs. We provide evidence for two distinct kinds of interactions of PNN components with the neuronal surface, one dependent on RPTPζ and the other requiring the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan. We propose that these findings offer important insight into PNN structure and lay important groundwork for future strategies to specifically disrupt PNNs to precisely dissect their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey J Eill
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Ashis Sinha
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Markus Morawski
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Jahnallee 59, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mariano S Viapiano
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210.,Department of Neurosurgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Russell T Matthews
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210
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The Effect of Hapln4 Link Protein Deficiency on Extracellular Space Diffusion Parameters and Perineuronal Nets in the Auditory System During Aging. Neurochem Res 2019; 45:68-82. [PMID: 31664654 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hapln4 is a link protein which stabilizes the binding between lecticans and hyaluronan in perineuronal nets (PNNs) in specific brain regions, including the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). The aim of this study was: (1) to reveal possible age-related alterations in the extracellular matrix composition in the MNTB and inferior colliculus, which was devoid of Hapln4 and served as a negative control, (2) to determine the impact of the Hapln4 deletion on the values of the ECS diffusion parameters in young and aged animals and (3) to verify that PNNs moderate age-related changes in the ECS diffusion, and that Hapln4-brevican complex is indispensable for the correct protective function of the PNNs. To achieve this, we evaluated the ECS diffusion parameters using the real-time iontophoretic method in the selected region in young adult (3 to 6-months-old) and aged (12 to 18-months-old) wild type and Hapln4 knock-out (KO) mice. The results were correlated with an immunohistochemical analysis of the ECM composition and astrocyte morphology. We report that the ECM composition is altered in the aged MNTB and aging is a critical point, revealing the effect of Hapln4 deficiency on the ECS diffusion. All of our findings support the hypothesis that the ECM changes in the MNTB of aged KO animals affect the ECS parameters indirectly, via morphological changes of astrocytes, which are in direct contact with synapses and can be influenced by the ongoing synaptic transmission altered by shifts in the ECM composition.
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Neuronal Pentraxin 2 Binds PNNs and Enhances PNN Formation. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:6804575. [PMID: 31772567 PMCID: PMC6854953 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6804575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The perineuronal net (PNN) is a mesh-like proteoglycan structure on the neuronal surface which is involved in regulating plasticity. The PNN regulates plasticity via multiple pathways, one of which is direct regulation of synapses through the control of AMPA receptor mobility. Since neuronal pentraxin 2 (Nptx2) is a known regulator of AMPA receptor mobility and Nptx2 can be removed from the neuronal surface by PNN removal, we investigated whether Nptx2 has a function in the PNN. We found that Nptx2 binds to the glycosaminoglycans hyaluronan and chondroitin sulphate E in the PNN. Furthermore, in primary cortical neuron cultures, the addition of NPTX2 to the culture medium enhances PNN formation during PNN development. These findings suggest Nptx2 as a novel PNN binding protein with a role in the mechanism of PNN formation.
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Elimination of the four extracellular matrix molecules tenascin-C, tenascin-R, brevican and neurocan alters the ratio of excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13939. [PMID: 31558805 PMCID: PMC6763627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50404-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The synaptic transmission in the mammalian brain is not limited to the interplay between the pre- and the postsynapse of neurons, but involves also astrocytes as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. Glycoproteins, proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid of the ECM pervade the pericellular environment and condense to special superstructures termed perineuronal nets (PNN) that surround a subpopulation of CNS neurons. The present study focuses on the analysis of PNNs in a quadruple knockout mouse deficient for the ECM molecules tenascin-C (TnC), tenascin-R (TnR), neurocan and brevican. Here, we analysed the proportion of excitatory and inhibitory synapses and performed electrophysiological recordings of the spontaneous neuronal network activity of hippocampal neurons in vitro. While we found an increase in the number of excitatory synaptic molecules in the quadruple knockout cultures, the number of inhibitory synaptic molecules was significantly reduced. This observation was complemented with an enhancement of the neuronal network activity level. The in vivo analysis of PNNs in the hippocampus of the quadruple knockout mouse revealed a reduction of PNN size and complexity in the CA2 region. In addition, a microarray analysis of the postnatal day (P) 21 hippocampus was performed unravelling an altered gene expression in the quadruple knockout hippocampus.
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40
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Duncan JA, Foster R, Kwok JC. The potential of memory enhancement through modulation of perineuronal nets. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:3611-3621. [PMID: 30924524 PMCID: PMC6715611 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With an increasingly aging global population, the incidence of neurological diseases such as dementia is set to increase to unmanageable levels, yet there are currently only symptomatic therapies available for treatment. The mechanisms underlying the development of some forms of dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), are not yet completely elucidated with several competing hypotheses existing. During the closure of the critical period in the brain, significant compositional changes occur to the neural extracellular matrix (ECM). Specifically, condensed mesh-like structures called perineuronal nets (PNNs) form around subsets of neurons and have a profound effect on axonal growth and limit neuronal plasticity. These PNNs act as a morphological checkpoint and can influence memory and cognition. Manipulating these important ECM structures may provide the key to reactivating plasticity and restoring memory, both of which are severely impaired in AD and other associated neurological diseases. This review explores the current understanding of how PNNs are manipulated and examines potential new methods for PNN modulation. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Therapeutics for Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: New Directions for Precision Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.18/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Foster
- School of ChemistryUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Jessica C.F. Kwok
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Institute of Experimental MedicineCzech Academy of SciencePragueCzechia
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41
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Bosiacki M, Gąssowska-Dobrowolska M, Kojder K, Fabiańska M, Jeżewski D, Gutowska I, Lubkowska A. Perineuronal Nets and Their Role in Synaptic Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174108. [PMID: 31443560 PMCID: PMC6747153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules that are released by neurons and glial cells form perineuronal nets (PNNs) and modulate many neuronal and glial functions. PNNs, whose structure is still not known in detail, surround cell bodies and dendrites, which leaves free space for synapses to come into contact. A reduction in the expression of many neuronal ECM components adversely affects processes that are associated with synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. At the same time, increased ECM activity, e.g., as a result of astrogliosis following brain damage or in neuroinflammation, can also have harmful consequences. The therapeutic use of enzymes to attenuate elevated neuronal ECM expression after injury or in Alzheimer’s disease has proven to be beneficial by promoting axon growth and increasing synaptic plasticity. Yet, severe impairment of ECM function can also lead to neurodegeneration. Thus, it appears that to ensure healthy neuronal function a delicate balance of ECM components must be maintained. In this paper we review the structure of PNNs and their components, such as hyaluronan, proteoglycans, core proteins, chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans, tenascins, and Hapln proteins. We also characterize the role of ECM in the functioning of the blood-brain barrier, neuronal communication, as well as the participation of PNNs in synaptic plasticity and some clinical aspects of perineuronal net impairment. Furthermore, we discuss the participation of PNNs in brain signaling. Understanding the molecular foundations of the ways that PNNs participate in brain signaling and synaptic plasticity, as well as how they change in physiological and pathological conditions, may help in the development of new therapies for many degenerative and inflammatory diseases of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Bosiacki
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54 Str., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gąssowska-Dobrowolska
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5 Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klaudyna Kojder
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Fabiańska
- Institute of Philosophy, University of Szczecin, Krakowska 71-79 Str., 71-017 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Jeżewski
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Applied Neurocognitivistics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24 Str., 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54 Str., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
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42
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Krishnaswamy VR, Benbenishty A, Blinder P, Sagi I. Demystifying the extracellular matrix and its proteolytic remodeling in the brain: structural and functional insights. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3229-3248. [PMID: 31197404 PMCID: PMC11105229 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays diverse roles in several physiological and pathological conditions. In the brain, the ECM is unique both in its composition and in functions. Furthermore, almost all the cells in the central nervous system contribute to different aspects of this intricate structure. Brain ECM, enriched with proteoglycans and other small proteins, aggregate into distinct structures around neurons and oligodendrocytes. These special structures have cardinal functions in the normal functioning of the brain, such as learning, memory, and synapse regulation. In this review, we have compiled the current knowledge about the structure and function of important ECM molecules in the brain and their proteolytic remodeling by matrix metalloproteinases and other enzymes, highlighting the special structures they form. In particular, the proteoglycans in brain ECM, which are essential for several vital functions, are emphasized in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amit Benbenishty
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Pablo Blinder
- Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School for Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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43
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Hayashi MK, Nishioka T, Shimizu H, Takahashi K, Kakegawa W, Mikami T, Hirayama Y, Koizumi S, Yoshida S, Yuzaki M, Tammi M, Sekino Y, Kaibuchi K, Shigemoto-Mogami Y, Yasui M, Sato K. Hyaluronan synthesis supports glutamate transporter activity. J Neurochem 2019; 150:249-263. [PMID: 31188471 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan is synthesized, secreted, and anchored by hyaluronan synthases (HAS) at the plasma membrane and comprises the backbone of perineuronal nets around neuronal soma and dendrites. However, the molecular targets of hyaluronan to regulate synaptic transmission in the central nervous system have not been fully identified. Here, we report that hyaluronan is a negative regulator of excitatory signals. At excitatory synapses, glutamate is removed by glutamate transporters to turn off the signal and prevent excitotoxicity. Hyaluronan synthesized by HAS supports the activity of glial glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1). GLT1 also retracted from cellular processes of cultured astrocytes after hyaluronidase treatment and hyaluronan synthesis inhibition. A serial knockout study showed that all three HAS subtypes recruit GLT1 to cellular processes. Furthermore, hyaluronidase treatment activated neurons in a dissociated rat hippocampal culture and caused neuronal damage due to excitotoxicity. Our findings reveal that hyaluronan helps to turn off excitatory signals by supporting glutamate clearance. Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14516.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kato Hayashi
- Medical School, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, Japan.,Division of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nishioka
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hideo Shimizu
- Division of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kanako Takahashi
- Division of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Kakegawa
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuri Mikami
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuri Hirayama
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Schuichi Koizumi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yoshida
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan
| | - Michisuke Yuzaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Markku Tammi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yuko Sekino
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Department of Cell Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yukari Shigemoto-Mogami
- Division of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sato
- Division of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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Lipachev N, Arnst N, Melnikova A, Jäälinoja H, Kochneva A, Zhigalov A, Kulesskaya N, Aganov AV, Mavlikeev M, Rauvala H, Kiyasov AP, Paveliev M. Quantitative changes in perineuronal nets in development and posttraumatic condition. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:203-216. [PMID: 30903543 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-019-09818-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Perineuronal net (PNN) is a highly structured portion of the CNS extracellular matrix (ECM) regulating synaptic plasticity and a range of pathologic conditions including posttraumatic regeneration and epilepsy. Here we studied Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-stained histological sections to quantify the PNN size and enrichment of chondroitin sulfates in mouse brain and spinal cord. Somatosensory cortex sections were examined during the period of PNN establishment at postnatal days 14, 21 and 28. The single cell PNN size and the chondroitin sulfate intensity were quantified for all cortex layers and specifically for the cortical layer IV which has the highest density of PNN-positive neurons. We demonstrate that the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan staining intensity is increased between P14 and P28 while the PNN size remains unchanged. We then addressed posttraumatic changes of the PNN expression in laminae 6 and 7 of cervical spinal cord following hemisection injury. We demonstrate increase of the chondroitin sulfate content at 1.6-1.8 mm rostrally from the injury site and increase of the density of PNN-bearing cells at 0.4-1.2 mm caudally from the injury site. We further demonstrate decrease of the single cell PNN area at 0.2 mm caudally from the injury site suggesting that the PNN ECM takes part in the posttraumatic tissue rearrangement in the spinal cord. Our results demonstrate new insights on the PNN structure dynamics in the developing and posttraumatic CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Lipachev
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 4, P.O.Box 56, 00790, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan Kremlyovskaya 16a, Tatarstan, Russia, 420111
| | - Nikita Arnst
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 4, P.O.Box 56, 00790, Helsinki, Finland.,Institut für Biochemie und Biophysik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Hans-Knöll-Str.2, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Anastasiia Melnikova
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 4, P.O.Box 56, 00790, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan K.Marx 74, Tatarstan, Russia, 420012
| | - Harri Jäälinoja
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, P.O.Box 56, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anastasiya Kochneva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan K.Marx 74, Tatarstan, Russia, 420012
| | - Alexander Zhigalov
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 4, P.O.Box 56, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalia Kulesskaya
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 4, P.O.Box 56, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Albert V Aganov
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan Kremlyovskaya 16a, Tatarstan, Russia, 420111
| | - Mikhail Mavlikeev
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan K.Marx 74, Tatarstan, Russia, 420012
| | - Heikki Rauvala
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 4, P.O.Box 56, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrey P Kiyasov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan K.Marx 74, Tatarstan, Russia, 420012
| | - Mikhail Paveliev
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 4, P.O.Box 56, 00790, Helsinki, Finland. .,Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 3, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Sabbagh U, Monavarfeshani A, Su K, Zabet-Moghadam M, Cole J, Carnival E, Su J, Mirzaei M, Gupta V, Salekdeh GH, Fox MA. Distribution and development of molecularly distinct perineuronal nets in visual thalamus. J Neurochem 2018; 147:626-646. [PMID: 30326149 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Visual information is detected by the retina and transmitted into the brain by retinal ganglion cells. In rodents, the visual thalamus is a major recipient of retinal ganglion cells axons and is divided into three functionally distinct nuclei: the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), ventral LGN (vLGN), and intergeniculate leaflet. Despite being densely innervated by retinal input, each nucleus in rodent visual thalamus possesses diverse molecular profiles which underpin their unique circuitry and cytoarchitecture. Here, we combined large-scale unbiased proteomic and transcriptomic analyses to elucidate the molecular expression profiles of the developing mouse dLGN and vLGN. We identified several extracellular matrix proteins as differentially expressed in these regions, particularly constituent molecules of perineuronal nets (PNNs). Remarkably, we discovered at least two types of molecularly distinct Aggrecan-rich PNN populations in vLGN, exhibiting non-overlapping spatial, temporal, and cell-type specific expression patterns. The mechanisms responsible for the formation of these two populations of PNNs also differ as the formation of Cat315+ PNNs (but not WFA+ PNNs) required input from the retina. This study is first to suggest that cell type- and molecularly specific supramolecular assemblies of extracellular matrix may play important roles in the circuitry associated with the subcortical visual system and in the processing of visual information. OPEN SCIENCE BADGES: This article has received a badge for *Open Materials* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/. Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14203.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubadah Sabbagh
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Aboozar Monavarfeshani
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Kaiwen Su
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Masoud Zabet-Moghadam
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Virginia, USA
| | - James Cole
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Translational Neurobiology Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Eric Carnival
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Jianmin Su
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Michael A Fox
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
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Sabbagh U, Monavarfeshani A, Su K, Zabet-Moghadam M, Cole J, Carnival E, Su J, Mirzaei M, Gupta V, Salekdeh GH, Fox MA. Distribution and development of molecularly distinct perineuronal nets in visual thalamus. J Neurochem 2018. [PMID: 30326149 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Visual information is detected by the retina and transmitted into the brain by retinal ganglion cells. In rodents, the visual thalamus is a major recipient of retinal ganglion cells axons and is divided into three functionally distinct nuclei: the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), ventral LGN (vLGN), and intergeniculate leaflet. Despite being densely innervated by retinal input, each nucleus in rodent visual thalamus possesses diverse molecular profiles which underpin their unique circuitry and cytoarchitecture. Here, we combined large-scale unbiased proteomic and transcriptomic analyses to elucidate the molecular expression profiles of the developing mouse dLGN and vLGN. We identified several extracellular matrix proteins as differentially expressed in these regions, particularly constituent molecules of perineuronal nets (PNNs). Remarkably, we discovered at least two types of molecularly distinct Aggrecan-rich PNN populations in vLGN, exhibiting non-overlapping spatial, temporal, and cell-type specific expression patterns. The mechanisms responsible for the formation of these two populations of PNNs also differ as the formation of Cat315+ PNNs (but not WFA+ PNNs) required input from the retina. This study is first to suggest that cell type- and molecularly specific supramolecular assemblies of extracellular matrix may play important roles in the circuitry associated with the subcortical visual system and in the processing of visual information. OPEN SCIENCE BADGES: This article has received a badge for *Open Materials* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/. Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14203.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubadah Sabbagh
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Aboozar Monavarfeshani
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Kaiwen Su
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Masoud Zabet-Moghadam
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Virginia, USA
| | - James Cole
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Translational Neurobiology Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Eric Carnival
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Jianmin Su
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Michael A Fox
- Developmental and Translational Neurobiology Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
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Aggrecan Directs Extracellular Matrix-Mediated Neuronal Plasticity. J Neurosci 2018; 38:10102-10113. [PMID: 30282728 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1122-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the adult brain, the extracellular matrix (ECM) influences recovery after injury, susceptibility to mental disorders, and is in general a strong regulator of neuronal plasticity. The proteoglycan aggrecan is a core component of the condensed ECM structures termed perineuronal nets (PNNs), and the specific role of PNNs on neural plasticity remains elusive. Here, we genetically targeted the Acan gene encoding for aggrecan using a novel animal model. This allowed for conditional and targeted loss of aggrecan in vivo, which ablated the PNN structure and caused a shift in the population of parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory interneurons toward a high plasticity state. Selective deletion of the Acan gene in the visual cortex of male adult mice reinstated juvenile ocular dominance plasticity, which was mechanistically identical to critical period plasticity. Brain-wide targeting improved object recognition memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The study provides the first direct evidence of aggrecan as the main functional constituent and orchestrator of perineuronal nets (PNNs), and that loss of PNNs by aggrecan removal induces a permanent state of critical period-like plasticity. Loss of aggrecan ablates the PNN structure, resulting in invoked juvenile plasticity in the visual cortex and enhanced object recognition memory.
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Ueno H, Suemitsu S, Murakami S, Kitamura N, Wani K, Matsumoto Y, Okamoto M, Aoki S, Ishihara T. Juvenile stress induces behavioral change and affects perineuronal net formation in juvenile mice. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:41. [PMID: 30012101 PMCID: PMC6048828 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many neuropsychiatric disorders develop in early life. Although the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated, it is possible that functional abnormalities of parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV neurons) are present. Several previous studies have shown that juvenile stress is implicated in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. We aimed to clarify the effects of juvenile stress on behavior and on the central nervous system. We investigated behavioral abnormalities of chronically-stressed mice during juvenilehood and the effect of juvenile stress on PV neurons and WFA-positive perineuronal nets (PNNs), which are associated with vulnerability and plasticity in the mouse brain. Results Due to juvenile stress, mice showed neurodevelopmental disorder-like behavior. Juvenile stressed mice did not show depressive-like behaviors, but on the contrary, they showed increased activity and decreased anxiety-like behavior. In the central nervous system of juvenile stressed mice, the fluorescence intensity of WFA-positive PNNs decreased, which may signify increased vulnerability. Conclusion This study suggested that juvenile stressed mice showed behavioral abnormalities, resembling those seen in neuropsychiatric disorders, and increased brain vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288, Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan. .,Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Suemitsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Shinji Murakami
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Naoya Kitamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kenta Wani
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Motoi Okamoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shozo Aoki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishihara
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
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Rogers SL, Rankin-Gee E, Risbud RM, Porter BE, Marsh ED. Normal Development of the Perineuronal Net in Humans; In Patients with and without Epilepsy. Neuroscience 2018; 384:350-360. [PMID: 29885523 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The perineuronal net (PN), a highly organized extracellular matrix structure, is believed to play an important role in synaptic function, including maturation and stabilization. In addition to its role in restricting plasticity, alterations in the PN are implicated in disorders such as epilepsy and schizophrenia. However, the time course of PN development is not known in humans. Therefore we set out to document the developmental timeline of the PN formation in humans in 14 frontal and hippocampal specimens from donors aged 27 days to 31 years old. Using immunohistochemistry and western blotting, we demonstrate that the PN begins to form as early as the second month of life but does not reach its robust, mature appearance until around 8 years of age, though aggrecan cleavage products are observed prior to this. A similar developmental time course was observed in specimens from epilepsy patients. Our data suggest that aggrecan is present early in development but the structured PN develops throughout early childhood, similar to what has been observed in rodents. This timeline provides information for future pathological studies on the role of the PN in disease and an additional parallel between human and rodent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Rogers
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Elyse Rankin-Gee
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States
| | - Rashmi M Risbud
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Brenda E Porter
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, United States
| | - Eric D Marsh
- Division of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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Liu JR, Modo M. Quantification of the Extracellular Matrix Molecule Thrombospondin 1 and Its Pericellular Association in the Brain Using a Semiautomated Computerized Approach. J Histochem Cytochem 2018; 66:643-662. [PMID: 29683384 DOI: 10.1369/0022155418771677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure and functions of the extracellular matrix (ECM), its spatial distribution and pericellular association of ECM molecules remain poorly understood. Colocalization of ECM molecules with cell phenotypes through immunohistochemistry can provide crucial insights into their juxtacrine signaling role as well as their structural relevance to tissue architecture. As manual quantification of images introduces intra- and inter-user bias and is cumbersome for high-throughput approaches, we implemented an automated high-throughput method to quantify the spatial distribution and cellular association of one ECM molecule, thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) with two major cell phenotypes, neurons, and astrocytes. The distribution of TSP1 was homogeneous throughout the striatum and cortex along the anterior-posterior axis. TSP1 occupied 8.85% of the striatum and 7.40% in the cortex. TSP1 also associated with 94.58% and 88.45% of neurons in the striatum and cortex. The association with astrocytes was significantly lower at 47.55% and 28.09%. These findings highlight the key role that TSP1 plays in neuron physiology in a healthy brain, but also highlights key regional difference in astrocytes secreting ECM molecules. The semiautomated approach implemented here will improve the throughput and reliability of measuring the distribution and cellular colocalization of ECM molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie R Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michel Modo
- Department of Radiology, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Centre for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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