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Wang J, Lu H, Li Q. Hepatic macrophage niche: a bridge between HBV-mediated metabolic changes with intrahepatic inflammation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1414594. [PMID: 39091506 PMCID: PMC11291371 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1414594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a stealthy and insidious pathogen capable of inducing chronic necro-inflammatory liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), resulting in over one million deaths worldwide per year. The traditional understanding of Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) progression has focused on the complex interplay among ongoing virus replication, aberrant immune responses, and liver pathogenesis. However, the dynamic progression and crucial factors involved in the transition from HBV infection to immune activation and intrahepatic inflammation remain elusive. Recent insights have illuminated HBV's exploitation of the sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) and manipulation of the cholesterol transport system shared between macrophages and hepatocytes for viral entry. These discoveries deepen our understanding of HBV as a virus that hijacks hepatocyte metabolism. Moreover, hepatic niche macrophages exhibit significant phenotypic and functional diversity, zonal characteristics, and play essential roles, either in maintaining liver homeostasis or contributing to the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases. Therefore, we underscore recent revelations concerning the importance of hepatic niche macrophages in the context of viral hepatitis. This review particularly emphasizes the significant role of HBV-induced metabolic changes in hepatic macrophages as a key factor in the transition from viral infection to immune activation, ultimately culminating in liver inflammation. These metabolic alterations in hepatic macrophages offer promising targets for therapeutic interventions and serve as valuable early warning indicators, shedding light on the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen (National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases) and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Clinical Research Center, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Wuxi, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen (National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases) and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Li
- The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen (National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases) and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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2
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Wang Y, Zhao M, Li B, Geng X. Advances in the mechanism of emodin-induced hepatotoxicity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33631. [PMID: 39027614 PMCID: PMC11255441 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Emodin is a naturally occurring anthraquinone derivative and serves as an active component in various traditional Chinese herbal medicines. It is widely known for its broad pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, high doses and long-term use of emodin can also lead to liver toxicity. Nevertheless, the mechanism of emodin-induced liver toxicity remains unclear at present. This article aims to summarize the toxicological research progress on emodin, with a particular focus on elucidating the mechanisms underlying emodin-induced hepatocyte injury. By providing essential information, the study intends to facilitate further research and safe usage of emodin for researchers and clinical practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Wang
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, China
| | - Mengchao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Bo Li
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, China
| | - Xingchao Geng
- National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050, China
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3
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Zhang L, Xie P, Li M, Zhang X, Fei S, Zhao N, Li L, Xie Q, Xu Z, Tang W, Zhu G, Zhu Z, Xu Z, Li J, Zhang C, Boyer JL, Chen W, Cai SY, Pan Q, Chai J. Hepatic GDP-fucose transporter SLC35C1 attenuates cholestatic liver injury and inflammation by inducing CEACAM1 N153 fucosylation. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-00953. [PMID: 38985995 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory response is crucial for bile acid (BA)-induced cholestatic liver injury, but molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Solute Carrier Family 35 Member C1 (SLC35C1) can transport Guanosine diphosphate-fucose into the Golgi to facilitate protein glycosylation. Its mutation leads to the deficiency of leukocyte adhesion and enhances inflammation in humans. However, little is known about its role in liver diseases. APPROACH AND RESULTS Hepatic SLC35C1 mRNA transcripts and protein expression were significantly increased in patients with obstructive cholestasis and mouse models of cholestasis. Immunofluorescence revealed that the upregulated SLC35C1 expression mainly occurred in hepatocytes. Liver-specific ablation of Slc35c1 ( Slc35c1 cKO ) significantly aggravated liver injury in mouse models of cholestasis induced by bile duct ligation and 1% cholic acid-feeding, evidenced by increased liver necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and bile ductular proliferation. The Slc35c1 cKO increased hepatic chemokine Ccl2 and Cxcl2 expression and T cell, neutrophil, and F4/80 macrophage infiltration but did not affect the levels of serum and liver BA in mouse models of cholestasis. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed that hepatic Slc35c1 deficiency substantially reduced the fucosylation of cell-cell adhesion protein CEACAM1 at N153. Mechanistically, cholestatic levels of conjugated BAs stimulated SLC35C1 expression by activating the STAT3 signaling to facilitate CEACAM1 fucosylation at N153, and deficiency in the fucosylation of CEACAM1 at N135 enhanced the BA-stimulated CCL2 and CXCL2 mRNA expression in primary mouse hepatocytes and Primary Liver Carcinoma/Poliomyelitis Research Foundation/5- ASBT cells. CONCLUSIONS Elevated hepatic SLC35C1 expression attenuates cholestatic liver injury by enhancing CEACAM1 fucosylation to suppress CCL2 and CXCL2 expression and liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Pingfan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Mingqiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuke Fei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoling Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ziqian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wan Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guanyu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhixian Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zuzhi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - James L Boyer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wensheng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Ying Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Qiong Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Chai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China
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4
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Wang XP, Mutchler SM, Carrisoza-Gaytan R, Nickerson AJ, Baty CJ, Al-Bataineh M, Vandevender A, Morimoto T, Srinivasan P, Tan RJ, Jurczak MJ, Satlin LM, Kashlan OB. Epithelial Na + Channel Activation after Bile Duct Ligation with Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024:00001751-990000000-00366. [PMID: 38986682 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Bile acids activate the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), which may lead to subsequent fluid retention in liver disease.Bile duct ligation with spironolactone increased ENaC-dependent Na+ and fluid retention without hormone-linked increased ENaC abundance.Counteracting bile acid ENaC activation may be effective for treating fluid retention in liver disease.
Background
Sodium and fluid retention in liver disease is classically thought to result from reduced effective circulating volume and stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. However, evidence of fluid retention in patients without renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation suggests the involvement of additional mechanisms. In vitro, bile acids activate the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) found in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron. If this occurs in vivo, ENaC may become activated in liver disease even with antagonism of aldosterone signaling.
Methods
To test this, we performed bile duct ligation to induce liver disease and increase circulating bile acids in mice given spironolactone to antagonize aldosterone signaling. We analyzed effects on blood, urine, and body composition. We also determined the effects of taurocholic acid, a primary conjugated bile acid elevated in liver disease, on ion fluxes in microperfused rabbit collecting ducts.
Results
Bile duct ligation increased benzamil-sensitive natriuresis compared with sham, indicating ENaC activation. These effects were not explained by effects on ENaC expression, cleavage, or localization. Bile duct–ligated mice also gained significantly more fluid than sham-operated animals. Blocking ENaC reversed fluid gains in bile duct–ligated mice but had no effect in shams. In dissected collecting ducts from rabbits, which express ENaC, taurocholic acid stimulated net Na+ absorption.
Conclusions
Our results provide experimental evidence for a novel aldosterone-independent mechanism for sodium and fluid retention in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Wang
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephanie M Mutchler
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Andrew J Nickerson
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Catherine J Baty
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohammad Al-Bataineh
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amber Vandevender
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tetsuji Morimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Priyanka Srinivasan
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Roderick J Tan
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael J Jurczak
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lisa M Satlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ossama B Kashlan
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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5
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Tang G, Nierath WF, Leitner E, Xie W, Revskij D, Seume N, Zhang X, Ehlers L, Vollmar B, Zechner D. Comparing animal well-being between bile duct ligation models. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303786. [PMID: 38950046 PMCID: PMC11216573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
A prevailing animal model currently used to study severe human diseases like obstructive cholestasis, primary biliary or sclerosing cholangitis, biliary atresia, and acute liver injury is the common bile duct ligation (cBDL). Modifications of this model include ligation of the left hepatic bile duct (pBDL) or ligation of the left bile duct with the corresponding left hepatic artery (pBDL+pAL). Both modifications induce cholestasis only in the left liver lobe. After induction of total or partial cholestasis in mice, the well-being of these animals was evaluated by assessing burrowing behavior, body weight, and a distress score. To compare the pathological features of these animal models, plasma levels of liver enzymes, bile acids, bilirubin, and within the liver tissue, necrosis, fibrosis, inflammation, as well as expression of genes involved in the synthesis or transport of bile acids were assessed. The survival rate of the animals and their well-being was comparable between pBDL+pAL and pBDL. However, surgical intervention by pBDL+pAL caused confluent necrosis and collagen depositions at the edge of necrotic tissue, whereas pBDL caused focal necrosis and fibrosis in between portal areas. Interestingly, pBDL animals had a higher survival rate and their well-being was significantly improved compared to cBDL animals. On day 14 after cBDL liver aspartate, as well as alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate dehydrogenase, bile acids, and bilirubin were significantly elevated, but only glutamate dehydrogenase activity was increased after pBDL. Thus, pBDL may be primarily used to evaluate local features such as inflammation and fibrosis or regulation of genes involved in bile acid synthesis or transport but does not allow to study all systemic features of cholestasis. The pBDL model also has the advantage that fewer mice are needed, because of its high survival rate, and that the well-being of the animals is improved compared to the cBDL animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Tang
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- Department of General Surgery, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Wiebke-Felicitas Nierath
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Emily Leitner
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Wentao Xie
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Denis Revskij
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine II, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nico Seume
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Xianbin Zhang
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- Department of General Surgery & Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Shenzhen University General Hospital & Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luise Ehlers
- Department of General Surgery, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Dietmar Zechner
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute for Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Xie Y, Fang X, Wang A, Xu S, Li Y, Xia W. Association of cord plasma metabolites with birth weight: results from metabolomic and lipidomic studies of discovery and validation cohorts. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2024; 64:87-96. [PMID: 38243991 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Birth weight is a good predictor of fetal intrauterine growth and long-term health, and several studies have evaluated the relationship between metabolites and birth weight. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of cord blood metabolomics and lipidomics with birth weight, using a two-stage discovery and validation approach. METHODS Firstly, a pseudotargeted metabolomics approach was applied to detect metabolites in 504 cord blood samples in the discovery set enrolled from the Wuhan Healthy Baby Cohort, China. Metabolome-wide association scan analysis and pathway enrichment were applied to identify metabolites and metabolic pathways that were significantly associated with birth weight adjusted for gestational age Z-score (BW Z-score). Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of metabolites in the most significantly associated pathways with small-for-gestational age (SGA) at delivery and low birth weight (LBW). Subsequently, 350 cord blood samples in a validation cohort were subjected to targeted analysis to validate the metabolites identified by screening in the discovery cohort. RESULTS In the discovery set, of 2566 metabolites detected, 2418 metabolites were retained for subsequent analysis after data preprocessing. Of these, 513 metabolites were significantly associated with BW Z-score (P-value adjusted for false discovery rate (PFDR) < 0.05), of which 298 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)-annotated metabolites were included in the pathway analysis. The primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway was the most relevant metabolic pathway associated with BW Z-score. Elevated cord plasma primary bile acids were associated with lower BW Z-score and higher risk of SGA or LBW in the discovery and validation cohorts. In the validation set, a 2-fold increase in taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) and in taurocholic acid (TCA) was associated with a decrease in BW Z-score (estimated β coefficient, -0.10 (95% CI, -0.20 to 0.00) and -0.18 (95% CI, -0.31 to -0.04), respectively), after adjusting for covariates. In addition, a 2-fold increase in cord plasma TCDCA and of cord plasma TCA was associated with an increased risk of SGA (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.52 (95% CI, 1.00-2.30) and 1.77 (95% CI, 1.05-2.98), respectively). The adjusted OR for LBW, for a 2-fold increase in TCDCA and TCA concentration, were 2.39 (95% CI, 1.00-5.71) and 3.21 (95% CI, 0.96-10.74), respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate a significant association of elevated primary bile acids, particularly TCDCA and TCA, in cord blood with lower BW Z-score, as well as increased risk of SGA and LBW. Abnormalities of primary bile acid metabolism may play an important role in restricted fetal development. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - X Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - A Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - S Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Y Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - W Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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7
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Hellen DJ, Fay ME, Lee DH, Klindt-Morgan C, Bennett A, Pachura KJ, Grakoui A, Huppert SS, Dawson PA, Lam WA, Karpen SJ. BiliQML: a supervised machine-learning model to quantify biliary forms from digitized whole slide liver histopathological images. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G1-G15. [PMID: 38651949 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00058.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The progress of research focused on cholangiocytes and the biliary tree during development and following injury is hindered by limited available quantitative methodologies. Current techniques include two-dimensional standard histological cell-counting approaches, which are rapidly performed, error prone, and lack architectural context or three-dimensional analysis of the biliary tree in opacified livers, which introduce technical issues along with minimal quantitation. The present study aims to fill these quantitative gaps with a supervised machine-learning model (BiliQML) able to quantify biliary forms in the liver of anti-keratin 19 antibody-stained whole slide images. Training utilized 5,019 researcher-labeled biliary forms, which following feature selection, and algorithm optimization, generated an F score of 0.87. Application of BiliQML on seven separate cholangiopathy models [genetic (Afp-CRE;Pkd1l1null/Fl, Alb-CRE;Rbp-jkfl/fl, and Albumin-CRE;ROSANICD), surgical (bile duct ligation), toxicological (3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine), and therapeutic (Cyp2c70-/- with ileal bile acid transporter inhibition)] allowed for a means to validate the capabilities and utility of this platform. The results from BiliQML quantification revealed biological and pathological differences across these seven diverse models, indicating a highly sensitive, robust, and scalable methodology for the quantification of distinct biliary forms. BiliQML is the first comprehensive machine-learning platform for biliary form analysis, adding much-needed morphologic context to standard immunofluorescence-based histology, and provides clinical and basic science researchers with a novel tool for the characterization of cholangiopathies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY BiliQML is the first comprehensive machine-learning platform for biliary form analysis in whole slide histopathological images. This platform provides clinical and basic science researchers with a novel tool for the improved quantification and characterization of biliary tract disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominick J Hellen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Meredith E Fay
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - David H Lee
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Caroline Klindt-Morgan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Ashley Bennett
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Kimberly J Pachura
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Arash Grakoui
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Stacey S Huppert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Paul A Dawson
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Saul J Karpen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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8
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Sun L, Yang N, Liu Z, Ye X, Cheng M, Deng L, Zhang J, Wu J, Shi M, Liao W. Cholestasis-induced phenotypic transformation of neutrophils contributes to immune escape of colorectal cancer liver metastasis. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:66. [PMID: 38951890 PMCID: PMC11218316 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholestasis is a common yet severe complication that occurs during the advancement of liver metastasis. However, how cholestasis impacts the development, treatment, and tumor microenvironment (TME) of liver metastasis remains to be elucidated. METHODS Extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholestatic mouse models with liver metastasis were established to detect the differential expression levels of genes, infiltration of immune cells and change in bile acid-associated metabolites by using RNA-Sequencing, flowcytometry, and liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Western blot was applied to neutrophils under the stimulation of primary bile acids (BAs) in vitro to study the mechanism of phenotypic alteration. In vitro coculture of BA-treated neutrophils with CD8+ T cells were performed to study the immune-suppressive effect of phenotypic-altered neutrophils. Clinical samples collected from colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis and cholestasis were applied to RNA-Seq. RESULTS Compared to non-cholestatic mice, the progression of liver metastasis of cholestatic mice was significantly accelerated, which was associated with increased neutrophil infiltration and T-cell exclusion. Both neutrophils and T cells expressed higher immunosuppressive markers in the cholestatic mouse model, further indicating that an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment was induced during cholestasis. Although neutrophils deletion via anti-Ly6G antibody partially hindered liver metastasis progression, it reduced the overall survival of mice. Tauro-β-muricholic acid (Tβ-MCA) and Glycocholic acid (GCA), the two most abundant cholestasis-associated primary BAs, remarkably promoted the expression of Arg1 and iNOS on neutrophils via p38 MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, BAs-pretreated neutrophils significantly suppressed the activation and cytotoxic effects of CD8+ T cells, indicating that the immunosuppressive phenotype of neutrophils was directly induced by BAs. Importantly, targeting BA anabolism with Obeticholic acid (OCA) under cholestasis effectively suppressed liver metastasis progression, enhanced the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade, and prolonged survival of mice. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals the TME of cholestasis-associated liver metastasis and proposes a new strategy for such patients by targeting bile acid anabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Oncology, Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Air Force Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nanyan Yang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiandong Ye
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingjun Deng
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Foshan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Oncology, Cancer Center, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, South China University of Technology, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Xin X, Jian J, Fan X, Qi B, Zhao Y, Lv W, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Hu C. Multiscale X-ray phase-contrast CT unveils the evolution of bile infarct in obstructive biliary disease. Commun Biol 2024; 7:490. [PMID: 38654111 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile infarct is a pivotal characteristic of obstructive biliary disease, but its evolution during the disease progression remains unclear. Our objective, therefore, is to explore morphological alterations of the bile infarct in the disease course by means of multiscale X-ray phase-contrast CT. Bile duct ligation is performed in mice to mimic the obstructive biliary disease. Intact liver lobes of the mice are scanned by phase-contrast CT at various resolution scales. Phase-contrast CT clearly presents three-dimensional (3D) images of the bile infarcts down to the submicron level with good correlation with histological images. The CT data illustrates that the infarct first appears on day 1 post-BDL, while a microchannel between the infarct and hepatic sinusoids is identified, the number of which increases with the disease progression. A 3D model of hepatic acinus is proposed, in which the infarct starts around the portal veins (zone I) and gradually progresses towards the central veins (zone III) during the disease process. Multiscale phase-contrast CT offers the comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary features of the bile infarct in obstructive biliary disease. During the course of the disease, the bile infarcts develop infarct-sinusoidal microchannels and gradually occupy the whole liver, promoting the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jianbo Jian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xu Fan
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Beining Qi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Wenjuan Lv
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver Cirrhosis and National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Disease, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Chunhong Hu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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10
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Billig S, Hein M, Kirchner C, Schumacher D, Habigt MA, Mechelinck M, Fuchs D, Klinge U, Theißen A, Beckers C, Bleilevens C, Kramann R, Uhlig M. Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Acute Cholestasis-Induced Liver Injury. Biomedicines 2024; 12:876. [PMID: 38672230 PMCID: PMC11048529 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown cardiac abnormalities in acute liver injury, suggesting a potential role in the associated high mortality. METHODS We designed an experimental study exploring the short-term effects of acute cholestasis-induced liver injury on cardiac function and structure in a rodent bile duct ligation (BDL) model to elucidate the potential interplay. Thirty-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to BDL surgery (n = 28) or served as sham-operated (n = 9) controls. Transthoracic echocardiography, Doppler evaluation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and myocardial contrast echocardiography were performed at rest and during adenosine and dobutamine stress 5 days after BDL. Immunohistochemical staining of myocardial tissue samples for hypoxia and inflammation as well as serum analysis were performed. RESULTS BDL animals exhibited acute liver injury with elevated transaminases, bilirubin, and total circulating bile acids (TBA) 5 days after BDL (TBA control: 0.81 ± 2.54 µmol/L vs. BDL: 127.52 ± 57.03 µmol/L; p < 0.001). Concurrently, cardiac function was significantly impaired, characterized by reduced cardiac output (CO) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) in the echocardiography at rest and under pharmacological stress (CO rest control: 120.6 ± 24.3 mL/min vs. BDL 102.5 ± 16.6 mL/min, p = 0.041; GLS rest control: -24.05 ± 3.8% vs. BDL: -18.5 ± 5.1%, p = 0.01). Myocardial perfusion analysis revealed a reduced myocardial blood flow at rest and a decreased coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) under dobutamine stress in the BDL animals (CFVR control: 2.1 ± 0.6 vs. BDL: 1.7 ± 0.5 p = 0.047). Immunofluorescence staining indicated myocardial hypoxia and increased neutrophil infiltration. CONCLUSIONS In summary, acute cholestasis-induced liver injury can lead to impaired cardiac function mediated by coronary microvascular dysfunction, suggesting that major adverse cardiac events may contribute to the mortality of acute liver failure. This may be due to endothelial dysfunction and direct bile acid signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Billig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
| | - Marc Hein
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
| | - Celine Kirchner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
| | - David Schumacher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Moriz Aljoscha Habigt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
| | - Mare Mechelinck
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
| | - Dieter Fuchs
- FUJIFILM VisualSonics, Inc., Joop Geesinkweg 140, 1114 AB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Klinge
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander Theißen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
| | - Christian Beckers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
| | - Christian Bleilevens
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Moritz Uhlig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany (C.B.)
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11
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Gao Y, Zhai W, Sun L, Du X, Wang X, Mulholland MW, Yin Y, Zhang W. Hepatic LGR4 aggravates cholestasis-induced liver injury in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G460-G472. [PMID: 38440827 PMCID: PMC11213478 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00127.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Current therapy for hepatic injury induced by the accumulation of bile acids is limited. Leucine-rich repeat G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4), also known as GPR48, is critical for cytoprotection and cell proliferation. Here, we reported a novel function for the LGR4 in cholestatic liver injury. In the bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver injury model, hepatic LGR4 expression was significantly downregulated. Deficiency of LGR4 in hepatocytes (Lgr4LKO) notably decreased BDL-induced liver injury measured by hepatic necrosis, fibrosis, and circulating liver enzymes and total bilirubin. Levels of total bile acids in plasma and liver were markedly reduced in these mice. However, deficiency of LGR4 in macrophages (Lyz2-Lgr4MKO) demonstrated no significant effect on liver injury induced by BDL. Deficiency of LGR4 in hepatocytes significantly attenuated S1PR2 and the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) induced by BDL. Recombinant Rspo1 and Rspo3 potentiated the taurocholic acid (TCA)-induced upregulation in S1PR2 and phosphorylation of AKT in hepatocytes. Inhibition of S1PR2-AKT signaling by specific AKT or S1PR2 inhibitors blocked the increase of bile acid secretion induced by Rspo1/3 in hepatocytes. Our studies indicate that the R-spondins (Rspos)-LGR4 signaling in hepatocytes aggravates the cholestatic liver injury by potentiating the production of bile acids in a S1PR2-AKT-dependent manner.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Deficiency of LGR4 in hepatocytes alleviates BDL-induced liver injury. LGR4 in macrophages demonstrates no effect on BDL-induced liver injury. Rspos-LGR4 increases bile acid synthesis and transport via potentiating S1PR2-AKT signaling in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqian Du
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael W Mulholland
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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12
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Han X, Lin C, Liu H, Li S, Hu B, Zhang L. Allocholic acid protects against α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestasis in mice by ameliorating disordered bile acid homeostasis. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:582-594. [PMID: 37968239 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Cholestasis is a pathological condition characterized by disruptions in bile flow, leading to the accumulation of bile acids (BAs) in hepatocytes. Allocholic acid (ACA), a unique fetal BA known for its potent choleretic effects, reappears during liver regeneration and carcinogenesis. In this research, we investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of ACA against mice with cholestasis brought on by α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT). To achieve this, we combined network pharmacology, targeted BA metabolomics, and molecular biology approaches. The results demonstrated that ACA treatment effectively reduced levels of serum AST, ALP, and DBIL, and ameliorated the pathological injury caused by cholestasis. Network pharmacology analysis suggested that ACA primarily regulated BA and salt transport, along with the signaling pathway associated with bile secretion, to improve cholestasis. Subsequently, we examined changes in BA metabolism using UPLC-MS/MS. The findings indicated that ACA pretreatment induced alterations in the size, distribution, and composition of the liver BA pool. Specifically, it reduced the excessive accumulation of BAs, especially cholic acid (CA), taurocholic acid (TCA), and β-muricholic acid (β-MCA), facilitating the restoration of BA homeostasis. Furthermore, ACA pretreatment significantly downregulated the expression of hepatic BA synthase Cyp8b1, while enhancing the expression of hepatic efflux transporter Mrp4, as well as the renal efflux transporters Mdr1 and Mrp2. These changes collectively contributed to improved BA efflux from the liver and enhanced renal elimination of BAs. In conclusion, ACA demonstrated its potential to ameliorate ANIT-induced liver damage by inhibiting BA synthesis and promoting both BA efflux and renal elimination pathways, thus, restoring BA homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuyi Lin
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijie Liu
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Li
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bei Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Li QL, Zheng H, Luo Z, Wu LX, Xu PC, Guo JC, Song YF, Tan XY. Characterization and expression analysis of seven lipid metabolism-related genes in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fed high fat and bile acid diet. Gene 2024; 894:147972. [PMID: 37944648 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
SREBPs, such as SREBP1 and SREBP2, were the key transcriptional factors regulating lipid metabolism. The processing of SREBPs involved many genes, such as scap, s1p, s2p, cideb. Here, we deciphered the full-length cDNA sequences of scap, srebp1, srebp2, s1p, s2p, cideb and cidec from yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Their full-length cDNA sequences ranged from 1587 to 3884 bp, and their ORF length from 1191 to 2979 bp, encoding 396-992 amino acids. Some conservative domains were predicted, including the multiple transmembrane domains in SCAP, the bHLH-ZIP domain in SREBP1 and SREBP2, the ApoB binding region, ER targeting region and LD targeting region in CIDEb, the LD targeting region in the CIDEc, the conserved catalytic site and processing site in S1P, and the transmembrane helix domain in S2P. Their mRNA expression could be observed in the heart, spleen, liver, kidney, brain, muscle, intestine and adipose, but varied with tissues. The changes of their mRNA expression in responses to high-fat (HFD) and bile acid (BA) diets were also investigated in the brain, heart, intestine, kidney and spleen tissues. In the brain, HFD significantly increased the mRNA expression of seven genes (scap, srebp1, srebp2, s1p, s2p, cideb and cidec), and the BA attenuated the increase of scap, srebp1, srebp2, s1p, s2p, cideb and cidec mRNA expression induced by HFD. In the heart, HFD significantly increased the mRNA abundances of six genes (srebp1, srebp2, scap, s2p, cideb and cidec), and BA attenuated the increase of their mRNA abundances induced by HFD. In the intestine, HFD increased the cideb, s1p and s2p mRNA abundances, and BA attenuated the HFD-induced increment of their mRNA abundances. In the kidney, HFD significantly increased the scap, cidec and s1p mRNA expression, and BA diet attenuated the increment of their mRNA expression. In the spleen, HFD treatment increased the scap, srebp2, s1p and s2p mRNA expression, and BA diet attenuated HFD-induced increment of their mRNA expression. Taken together, our study elucidated the characterization, expression profiles and transcriptional response of seven lipid metabolic genes, which would serve as the good basis for the further exploration into their function and regulatory mechanism in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lin Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li-Xiang Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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14
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Wang XP, Mutchler SM, Carrisoza-Gáytan R, Al-Bataineh M, Baty CJ, Vandevender A, Srinivasan P, Tan RJ, Jurczak MJ, Satlin LM, Kashlan OB. Mineralocorticoid receptor-independent activation of ENaC in bile duct ligated mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.19.558474. [PMID: 37790468 PMCID: PMC10542149 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.19.558474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Sodium and fluid retention in liver disease is classically thought to result from reduced effective circulating volume and stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Aldosterone dives Na+ retention by activating the mineralocorticoid receptor and promoting the maturation and apical surface expression of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), found in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron. However, evidence of fluid retention without RAAS activation suggests the involvement of additional mechanisms. Liver disease can greatly increase plasma and urinary bile acid concentrations and have been shown to activate ENaC in vitro. We hypothesize that elevated bile acids in liver disease activate ENaC and drive fluid retention independent of RAAS. We therefore increased circulating bile acids in mice through bile duct ligation (BDL) and measured effects on urine and body composition, while using spironolactone to antagonize the mineralocorticoid receptor. We found BDL lowered blood [K+] and hematocrit, and increased benzamil-sensitive natriuresis compared to sham, consistent with ENaC activation. BDL mice also gained significantly more body water. Blocking ENaC reversed fluid gains in BDL mice but had no effect in shams. In isolated collecting ducts from rabbits, taurocholic acid stimulated net Na+ absorption but had no effect on K+ secretion or flow-dependent ion fluxes. Our results provide experimental evidence for a novel aldosterone-independent mechanism for sodium and fluid retention in liver disease which may provide additional therapeutic options for liver disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Wang
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephanie M Mutchler
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Mohammad Al-Bataineh
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Catherine J Baty
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amber Vandevender
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Priyanka Srinivasan
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Roderick J Tan
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael J Jurczak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lisa M Satlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ossama B Kashlan
- Department of Medicine, Renal-Electrolyte Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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15
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Mayer C, Nehring S, Kücken M, Repnik U, Seifert S, Sljukic A, Delpierre J, Morales‐Navarrete H, Hinz S, Brosch M, Chung B, Karlsen T, Huch M, Kalaidzidis Y, Brusch L, Hampe J, Schafmayer C, Zerial M. Apical bulkheads accumulate as adaptive response to impaired bile flow in liver disease. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57181. [PMID: 37522754 PMCID: PMC10481669 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes form bile canaliculi that dynamically respond to the signalling activity of bile acids and bile flow. Little is known about their responses to intraluminal pressure. During embryonic development, hepatocytes assemble apical bulkheads that increase the canalicular resistance to intraluminal pressure. Here, we investigate whether they also protect bile canaliculi against elevated pressure upon impaired bile flow in adult liver. Apical bulkheads accumulate upon bile flow obstruction in mouse models and patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Their loss under these conditions leads to abnormally dilated canaliculi, resembling liver cell rosettes described in other hepatic diseases. 3D reconstruction reveals that these structures are sections of cysts and tubes formed by hepatocytes. Mathematical modelling establishes that they positively correlate with canalicular pressure and occur in early PSC stages. Using primary hepatocytes and 3D organoids, we demonstrate that excessive canalicular pressure causes the loss of apical bulkheads and formation of rosettes. Our results suggest that apical bulkheads are a protective mechanism of hepatocytes against impaired bile flow, highlighting the role of canalicular pressure in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Mayer
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Sophie Nehring
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Carl‐Gustav‐Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
| | - Michael Kücken
- Center for Information Services and High‐Performance ComputingTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Urska Repnik
- Central Microscopy, Department of BiologyChristian‐Albrechts‐Universtät zu Kiel (CAU)KielGermany
| | - Sarah Seifert
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Aleksandra Sljukic
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Julien Delpierre
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | | | - Sebastian Hinz
- Department of General SurgeryUniversity Hospital RostockRostockGermany
| | - Mario Brosch
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Carl‐Gustav‐Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD)Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
| | - Brian Chung
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Norwegian PSC Research CenterOslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and TransplantationOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Tom Karlsen
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Norwegian PSC Research CenterOslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and TransplantationOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Meritxell Huch
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Yannis Kalaidzidis
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Lutz Brusch
- Center for Information Services and High‐Performance ComputingTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Carl‐Gustav‐Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD)Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
| | | | - Marino Zerial
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
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Qin T, Hasnat M, Wang Z, Hassan HM, Zhou Y, Yuan Z, Zhang W. Geniposide alleviated bile acid-associated NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating SIRT1/FXR signaling in bile duct ligation-induced liver fibrosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154971. [PMID: 37494875 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geniposide (GE), the active compound derived from Gardeniae Fructus, possesses valuable bioactivity for liver diseases, but GE effects on bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced cholestasis remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the influence of GE on BDL-induced liver fibrosis and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS GE (25 or 50 mg/kg) were intragastrical administered to C57BL/6 J mice for two weeks to characterize the hepatoprotective effect of GE on BDL-induced liver fibrosis. NLRP3 inflammasome activation was detected in vivo, and BMDMs were isolated to explore whether GE directly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Serum bile acid (BA) profiles were assessed utilizing UPLC-MS/MS, and the involvement of SIRT1/FXR pathways was identified to elucidate the role of SIRT1/FXR in the hepaprotective effect of GE. The veritable impact of SIRT1/FXR signaling was further confirmed by administering the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 (10 mg/kg) to BDL mice treated with GE. RESULTS GE treatment protected mice from BDL-induced liver fibrosis, with NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. However, development in vitro experiments revealed that GE could not directly inhibit NLRP3 activation under ATP, monosodium urate, and nigericin stimulation. Further mechanistic data showed that GE activated SIRT1, which subsequently deacetylated FXR and restored CDCA, TUDCA, and TCDCA levels, thereby contributing to the observed hepaprotective effect of GE. Notably, EX527 treatment diminished the hepaprotective effect of GE on BDL-induced liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION This study first proved the hepaprotective effect of GE on liver fibrosis in BDL mice, which was closely associated with the restoration of BA homeostasis and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. The activation of SIRT1 and the subsequent FXR deacetylation restored the BA profiles, especially CDCA, TUDCA, and TCDCA contents, which was the main contributor to NLRP3 inhibition and the hepaprotective effect of GE. Overall, our work provides novel insights that GE as well as Gardeniae Fructus might be the potential attractive candidate for ameliorating BDL-induced liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Muhammad Hasnat
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Hozeifa Mohamed Hassan
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Ziqiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| | - Wenzhou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
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17
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Yang N, Sun R, Zhang X, Wang J, Wang L, Zhu H, Yuan M, Xu Y, Ge C, He J, Wang M. Alternative pathway of bile acid biosynthesis contributes to ameliorate NASH after induction of NAMPT/NAD +/SIRT1 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114987. [PMID: 37315437 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is emerging as a serious liver disorder characterized by hepatic steatosis and liver inflammation. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and NAD+-dependent deacetylase, SIRT1, play important roles in lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, their effects on liver inflammation and homeostasis of bile acids (BAs), the extensively proved pathophysiological actors in NASH, have not been fully understood. NASH animal model was induced by a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet in C57BL/6J mice and intraperitoneally injected with NAD+ precursor, an agonist of upstream rate-limiting enzyme NAMPT or downstream SIRT1, or their vehicle solvents. Free fatty acid (FFA) was applied to HepG2 cells to construct the cell model. Induction of NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 axis could remarkably alleviate the aggravated inflammation in the liver of NASH mice, accompanied by decreased levels of total BAs throughout the enterohepatic system and a switch of BA synthesis from the classic pathway to the alternative pathway, resulting in less production of pro-inflammatory 12-OH BAs. The expressions of key enzymes including cyp7a1, cyp8b1, cyp27a1 and cyp7b1 in BA synthesis were significantly modulated after NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 axis induction in both animal and cell models. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver were significantly negatively correlated with the intermediates in NAD+ metabolism, which may also be related to their regulation on BA homeostasis. Our results indicated that induction of NAMPT/NAD+/SIRT1 axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for NASH or its complications related with BAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runbin Sun
- Phase I Clinical Trials Unit, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaijun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Man Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun He
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Luan X, Chen P, Li Y, Yuan X, Miao L, Zhang P, Cao Q, Song X, Di G. TNF-α/IL-1β-licensed hADSCs alleviate cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis in mice via COX-2/PGE2 pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:100. [PMID: 37095581 PMCID: PMC10127380 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue-derived stem cell (ADSC) transplantation has been shown to be effective for the management of severe liver disorders. Preactivation of ADSCs enhanced their therapeutic efficacy. However, these effects have not yet been examined in relation to cholestatic liver injury. METHODS In the present study, a cholestatic liver injury model was established by bile duct ligation (BDL) in male C57BL/6 mice. Human ADSCs (hADSCs) with or without tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) pretreatment were administrated into the mice via tail vein injections. The efficacy of hADSCs on BDL-induced liver injury was assessed by histological staining, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), Western blot, and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). In vitro, the effects of hADSC conditioned medium on the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were investigated. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in hADSCs. RESULTS TNF-α/IL-1β preconditioning could downregulate immunogenic gene expression and enhance the engraftment efficiency of hADSCs. Compared to control hADSCs (C-hADSCs), TNF-α/IL-1β-pretreated hADSCs (P-hADSCs) significantly alleviated BDL-induced liver injury, as demonstrated by reduced hepatic cell death, attenuated infiltration of Ly6G + neutrophils, and decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2). Moreover, P-hADSCs significantly delayed the development of BDL-induced liver fibrosis. In vitro, conditioned medium from P-hADSCs significantly inhibited HSC activation compared to that from C-hADSCs. Mechanistically, TNF-α/IL-1β upregulated COX-2 expression and increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion. The blockage of COX-2 by siRNA transfection reversed the benefits of P-hADSCs for PGE2 production, HSC activation, and liver fibrosis progression. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results suggest that TNF-α/IL-1β pretreatment enhances the efficacy of hADSCs in mice with cholestatic liver injury, partially through the COX-2/PGE2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Luan
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xinying Yuan
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Longyu Miao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qilong Cao
- Qingdao Haier Biotech Co. Ltd, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaomin Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Guohu Di
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Hellen DJ, Bennett A, Malla S, Klindt C, Rao A, Dawson PA, Karpen SJ. Liver-restricted deletion of the biliary atresia candidate gene Pkd1l1 causes bile duct dysmorphogenesis and ciliopathy. Hepatology 2023; 77:1274-1286. [PMID: 36645229 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A recent multicenter genetic exploration of the biliary atresia splenic malformation syndrome identified mutations in the ciliary gene PKD1L1 as candidate etiologic contributors. We hypothesized that deletion of Pkd1l1 in developing hepatoblasts would lead to cholangiopathy in mice. APPROACH AND RESULTS CRISPR-based genome editing inserted loxP sites flanking exon 8 of the murine Pkd1l1 gene. Pkd1l1Fl/Fl cross-bred with alpha-fetoprotein-Cre expressing mice to generate a liver-specific intrahepatic Pkd1l1 -deficient model (LKO). From embryonic day 18 through week 30, control ( Fl/Fl ) and LKO mice were evaluated with standard serum chemistries and liver histology. At select ages, tissues were analyzed using RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy with a focus on biliary structures, peribiliary inflammation, and fibrosis. Bile duct ligation for 5 days of Fl/Fl and LKO mice was followed by standard serum and liver analytics. Histological analyses from perinatal ages revealed delayed biliary maturation and reduced primary cilia, with progressive cholangiocyte proliferation, peribiliary fibroinflammation, and arterial hypertrophy evident in 7- to 16-week-old LKO versus Fl/Fl livers. Following bile duct ligation, cholangiocyte proliferation, peribiliary fibroinflammation, and necrosis were increased in LKO compared with Fl/Fl livers. CONCLUSIONS Bile duct ligation of the Pkd1l1 -deficient mouse model mirrors several aspects of the intrahepatic pathophysiology of biliary atresia in humans including bile duct dysmorphogenesis, peribiliary fibroinflammation, hepatic arteriopathy, and ciliopathy. This first genetically linked model of biliary atresia, the Pkd1l1 LKO mouse, may allow researchers a means to develop a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of this serious and perplexing disorder, including the opportunity to identify rational therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominick J Hellen
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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20
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Liang P, Zhou S, Yuan Z, Zhang L, Jiang Z, Yu Q. Obeticholic acid improved triptolide/lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting caspase-11-GSDMD pyroptosis pathway. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:599-614. [PMID: 36328986 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the potential role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in abnormal bile acid metabolism and pyroptosis during the pathogenesis of triptolide (TP)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatotoxicity. Moreover, the protective effect of obeticholic acid (OCA) was explored under this condition. In vivo, female C57BL/6 mice were administrated with OCA (40 mg/kg bw, intragastrical injection) before (500 μg/kg bw, intragastrical injection)/LPS (0.1 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneal injection) administration. In vitro, AML12 cells were treated with TP (50 nM) and TNF-α (50 ng/ml) to induce hepatotoxicity; GW4064 (5 μM) and cholestyramine (CHO) (0.1 mg/ml and 0.05 mg/ml) were introduced to explain the role of FXR/total bile acid (TBA) in it. Serum TBA level was significantly elevated, which was induced by FXR suppression. And both GW4064 and CHO intervention presented remarkable protective effects against TP/TNF-α-induced NLRP3 upregulation and pyroptosis pathway activation. Pre-administration of FXR agonist OCA successfully attenuated TP/LPS-induced severe liver injury by reducing serum bile acids accumulation and inhibiting the activation of caspase-11-GSDMD (gasdermin D) pyroptosis pathway. We have drawn conclusions that TP aggravated liver hypersensitivity to LPS and inhibited FXR-SHP (small heterodimer partner) axis, which was served as endogenous signals to activate caspase-11-GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis contributing to liver injury. OCA alleviated TP/LPS-induced liver injury accompanied by inhibiting caspase-11-GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis pathway and decreased serum TBA level. The results indicated that FXR might be an attractive therapeutic target for TP/LPS-induced hepatotoxicity, providing an effective strategy for drug-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishi Liang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyun Zhou
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziqiao Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinwei Yu
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Zhao J, Yang Q, Liu Z, Xu P, Tian L, Yan J, Li K, Lin B, Bian L, Xi Z, Liu X. The impact of subchronic ozone exposure on serum metabolome and the mechanisms of abnormal bile acid and arachidonic acid metabolisms in the liver. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114573. [PMID: 36701875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ambient ozone (O3) pollution can induce respiratory and cardiovascular toxicity. However, its impact on the metabolome and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study first investigated the serum metabolite changes in rats exposed to 0.5 ppm O3 for 3 months using untargeted metabolomic approach. Results showed chronic ozone exposure significantly altered the serum levels of 34 metabolites with potential increased risk of digestive, respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, bile acid synthesis and secretion, and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism became the most prominent affected metabolic pathways after O3 exposure. Further studies on the mechanisms found that the elevated serum toxic bile acid was not due to the increased biosynthesis in the liver, but the reduced reuptake from the portal vein to hepatocytes owing to repressed Ntcp and Oatp1a1, and the decreased bile acid efflux in hepatocytes as a results of inhibited Bsep, Ostalpha and Ostbeta. Meanwhile, decreased expressions of detoxification enzyme of SULT2A1 and the important regulators of FXR, PXR and HNF4α also contributed to the abnormal bile acids. In addition, O3 promoted the conversion of AA into thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and 20-hydroxyarachidonic acid (20-HETE) in the liver by up-regulation of Fads2, Cyp4a and Tbxas1 which resulting in decreased AA and linoleic acid (LA), and increased thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 20-HETE in the serum. Furthermore, apparent hepatic chronic inflammation, fibrosis and abnormal function were found in ozone-exposed rats. These results indicated chronic ozone exposure could alter serum metabolites by interfering their metabolism in the liver, and inducing liver injury to aggravate metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Qingcheng Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Lei Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Jun Yan
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Kang Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Bencheng Lin
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Liping Bian
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin Sport University, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Semi-Targeted Profiling of Bile Acids by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry in a Rat Model of Drug-Induced Liver Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032489. [PMID: 36768813 PMCID: PMC9917070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Using a semi-targeted approach, we have investigated the effect of acetaminophen on circulating bile acid profiles in rats, including many known bile acids and potential isomeric structures, as well as glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. The chromatographic separation was based on an optimized reverse-phase method exhibiting excellent resolution for a complex mix of bile acids using a solid-core C18 column, coupled to a high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight system. The semi-targeted workflow consisted of first assigning all peaks detectable in samples from 46 known bile acids contained in a standard mix, as well as additional peaks for other bile acid isomers. The presence of glucuronide and sulfate conjugates was also examined based on their elemental formulae and detectable peaks with matching exact masses were added to the list of features for statistical analysis. In this study, rats were administered acetaminophen at four different doses, from 75 to 600 mg/kg, with the highest dose being a good model of drug-induced liver injury. Statistically significant changes were found by comparing bile acid profiles between dosing levels. Some tentatively assigned conjugates were further elucidated using in vitro metabolism incubations with rat liver fractions and standard bile acids. Overall, 13 identified bile acids, 23 tentatively assigned bile acid isomers, and 9 sulfate conjugates were found to increase significantly at the highest acetaminophen dose, and thus could be linked to drug-induced liver injury.
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Luo Y, Kang J, Luo J, Yan Z, Li S, Lu Z, Song Y, Zhang X, Yang J, Liu A. Hepatocytic AP-1 and STAT3 contribute to chemotaxis in alphanaphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestatic liver injury. Toxicol Lett 2023; 373:184-193. [PMID: 36460194 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of cholestatic liver injury (CLI) involves inflammation, but the dominant pathway mediating the chemotaxis is not yet established. This work explored key signaling pathway mediating chemotaxis in CLI and the role of Kupffer cells in the inflammatory liver injury. Probe inhibitors T-5224 (100 mg/kg) for AP-1 and C188-9 (100 mg/kg) for STAT3 were used to validate key inflammatory pathways in alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT, 100 mg/kg)-induced CLI. Two doses of GdCl3 (10 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) were used to delete Kupffer cells and explore their role in CLI. Serum and liver samples were collected for biochemical and mechanism analysis. The liver injury in ANIT-treated mice were significantly increased supported by biochemical and histopathological changes, and neutrophils gathering around the necrotic loci. Inhibitor treatments down-regulated liver injury biomarkers except the level of total bile acid. The chemokine Ccl2 increased by 170-fold and to a less degree Cxcl2 by 45-fold after the ANIT treatment. p-c-Jun and p-STAT3 were activated in the group A but inhibited by the inhibitors in western blot analysis. The immunofluorescence results showed AP-1 not STAT3 responded to inhibitors in ANIT-induced CLI. With or without GdCl3, there was no significant difference in liver injury among the CLI groups. In necrotic loci in CLI, CXCL2 colocalized with hepatocyte biomarker Albumin, not with the F4/80 in Kupffer cells. Conclusively, AP-1 played a more critical role in the inflammation cascade than STAT3 in ANIT-induced CLI. Hepatocytes, not the Kupffer cells released chemotactic factors mediating the chemotaxis in CLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishuang Luo
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, China; Ningbo Haishu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 315000 Ningbo, China
| | - Jinyu Kang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, China; The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315000 Ningbo, China
| | - Jia Luo
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, China
| | - Shengtao Li
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, China
| | - Zhuoheng Lu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, China
| | - Yufei Song
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315000 Ningbo, China
| | - Xie Zhang
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315000 Ningbo, China
| | - Julin Yang
- Ningbo College of Health Sciences, 315100 Ningbo, China
| | - Aiming Liu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, China.
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24
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Enhanced anxiolytic and analgesic effectiveness or a better safety profile of morphine and tramadol combination in cholestatic and addicted mice. Neuroreport 2022; 33:681-689. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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25
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Song M, Chen Z, Qiu R, Zhi T, Xie W, Zhou Y, Luo N, Fuqian Chen, Liu F, Shen C, Lin S, Zhang F, Gao Y, Liu C. Inhibition of NLRP3-mediated crosstalk between hepatocytes and liver macrophages by geniposidic acid alleviates cholestatic liver inflammatory injury. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102404. [PMID: 35868156 PMCID: PMC9304672 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The excessive accumulation of bile acids (BA) in hepatocytes can trigger inflammatory response and recruit macrophages, thereby accelerating cholestatic liver injury. The crosstalk between hepatocytes and macrophages has been recently implicated in the pathogenesis of cholestasis; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that BA initiate NLRP3 inflammasome activation in hepatocytes to release proinflammatory cytokines and promote the communication between hepatocytes and macrophages, thus enhancing liver inflammation in an NLRP3-dependent manner. NLRP3-inhibition by geniposidic acid (GPA), a novel NLRP3-specific covalent inhibitor that directly interacts with NLRP3, in hepatocytes and macrophages abated BA-induced inflammation. Moreover, NLRP3-deletion or its inhibition mitigated ANIT-induced cholestatic inflammation, whereas disrupting the crosstalk between hepatic macrophages and hepatocytes attenuated the hepatoprotective effect of GPA against ANIT-induced cholestatic inflammation. Therefore, blocking this crosstalk by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for cholestasis.
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Key Words
- alanine aminotransferase, alt
- α-naphthalene isothiocyanate, anit
- apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, asc
- aspartate transaminase, ast
- β-mercaptoethanol, β-me
- bile acids, ba
- bile duct ligation, bdl
- biotinylated gpa, bio-gpa
- bone-marrow-derived macrophage, bmdm
- geniposidic acid, gpa
- kupffer cells, kcs
- nod-like receptor protein 3, nlrp3
- primary mouse hepatocytes, pmhs
- primary sclerosing cholangitis, psc
- taurocholic acid, tca
- total bile acid, tba
- total bilirubin, tbil
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zijun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Ruian Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Tingwei Zhi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Wenmin Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Yingya Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Nachuan Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Fuqian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Chuangpeng Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Fengxue Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Yong Gao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Changhui Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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26
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Zhou Y, Zhou Y, Li Y, Sun W, Wang Z, Chen L, He Y, Niu X, Chen J, Yao G. Targeted bile acid profiles reveal the liver injury amelioration of Da-Chai-Hu decoction against ANIT- and BDL-induced cholestasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:959074. [PMID: 36059946 PMCID: PMC9437253 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.959074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple types of liver diseases, particularly cholestatic liver diseases (CSLDs) and biliary diseases, can disturb bile acid (BA) secretion; however, BA accumulation is currently seen as an important incentive of various types of liver diseases’ progression. Da-Chai-Hu decoction (DCHD) has long been used for treating cholestatic liver diseases; however, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Currently, our study indicates that the liver damage and cholestasis status of the α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced intrahepatic cholestasis and bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced extrahepatic cholestasis, following DCHD treatment, were improved; the changes of BA metabolism post-DCHD treatment were investigated by targeted metabolomics profiling by UPLC-MS/MS. DCHD treatment severely downregulated serum biochemical levels and relieved inflammation and the corresponding pathological changes including necrosis, inflammatory infiltration, ductular proliferation, and periductal fibrosis in liver tissue. The experimental results suggested that DCHD treatment altered the size, composition, and distribution of the BAs pool, led the BAs pool of the serum and liver to sharply shrink, especially TCA and TMCA, and enhanced BA secretion into the gallbladder and the excretion of BAs by the urinary and fecal pathway; the levels of BAs synthesized by the alternative pathway were increased in the liver, and the conjugation of BAs and the pathway of BA synthesis were actually affected. In conclusion, DCHD ameliorated ANIT- and BDL-induced cholestatic liver injury by reversing the disorder of BAs profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- YueHua Zhou
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - YunZhong Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Preparation Research, Jinghua Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China
| | - YiFei Li
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - ZhaoLong Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Preparation Research, Jinghua Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Chen
- Experimental Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye He
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Preparation Research, Jinghua Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China
| | - XiaoLong Niu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialiang Chen
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangtao Yao
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guangtao Yao,
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27
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Slc25a39 and Slc25a40 Expression in Mice with Bile Duct Ligation or Lipopolysaccharide Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158573. [PMID: 35955707 PMCID: PMC9369313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
SLC25A39/40, involved in mitochondrial GSH (mGSH) import from the cytoplasm, is essential for protection against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. We examined the effects of cholestasis, through bile duct ligation (BDL) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in mice, on Slc25a39/40 expression. Additionally, we used human clear cell renal carcinoma (KMRC-1) cells to elucidate the mechanism of regulation of SLC25A39/40 expression in the kidneys after LPS treatment. BDL resulted in a decrease in Slc25a39 mRNA in the liver and a decrease in Slc25a39/40 mRNA and protein in the kidneys. Consequently, there was a significant decrease in mGSH levels in the kidneys of BDL mice compared with those in sham mice. LPS treatment resulted in increased Slc25a40 expression in the kidneys. In KMRC-1 cells, the combination treatment of LPS-RS or FPS-ZM1 with LPS suppressed the LPS-induced increase in SLC25A40, suggesting that SLC25A40 expression could be regulated by the signaling pathway via toll-like receptor 4 and the receptor for advanced glycation end products, respectively. Our findings contribute to understanding the role of mGSH in the maintenance of the mitochondrial redox state. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the changes in Slc25a39/40 expression in mice with cholestasis-associated renal injury and LPS-induced inflammation.
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Bertolini A, Fiorotto R, Strazzabosco M. Bile acids and their receptors: modulators and therapeutic targets in liver inflammation. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:547-564. [PMID: 35415765 PMCID: PMC9256560 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00935-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids participate in the intestinal emulsion, digestion, and absorption of lipids and fat-soluble vitamins. When present in high concentrations, as in cholestatic liver diseases, bile acids can damage cells and cause inflammation. After the discovery of bile acids receptors about two decades ago, bile acids are considered signaling molecules. Besides regulating bile acid, xenobiotic, and nutrient metabolism, bile acids and their receptors have shown immunomodulatory properties and have been proposed as therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases of the liver. This review focuses on bile acid-related signaling pathways that affect inflammation in the liver and provides an overview of the preclinical and clinical applications of modulators of these pathways for the treatment of cholestatic and autoimmune liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bertolini
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale Liver Center, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208019, New Haven, CT, 06520-8019, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Romina Fiorotto
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale Liver Center, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208019, New Haven, CT, 06520-8019, USA
| | - Mario Strazzabosco
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale Liver Center, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208019, New Haven, CT, 06520-8019, USA.
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Ghallab A, Hassan R, Hofmann U, Friebel A, Hobloss Z, Brackhagen L, Begher-Tibbe B, Myllys M, Reinders J, Overbeck N, Sezgin S, Zühlke S, Seddek AL, Murad W, Brecklinghaus T, Kappenberg F, Rahnenführer J, González D, Goldring C, Copple IM, Marchan R, Longerich T, Vucur M, Luedde T, Urban S, Canbay A, Schreiter T, Trauner M, Akakpo JY, Olyaee M, Curry SC, Sowa JP, Jaeschke H, Hoehme S, Hengstler JG. Interruption of bile acid uptake by hepatocytes after acetaminophen overdose ameliorates hepatotoxicity. J Hepatol 2022; 77:71-83. [PMID: 35131407 PMCID: PMC9209783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose remains a frequent cause of acute liver failure, which is generally accompanied by increased levels of serum bile acids (BAs). However, the pathophysiological role of BAs remains elusive. Herein, we investigated the role of BAs in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS We performed intravital imaging to investigate BA transport in mice, quantified endogenous BA concentrations in the serum of mice and patients with APAP overdose, analyzed liver tissue and bile by mass spectrometry and MALDI-mass spectrometry imaging, assessed the integrity of the blood-bile barrier and the role of oxidative stress by immunostaining of tight junction proteins and intravital imaging of fluorescent markers, identified the intracellular cytotoxic concentrations of BAs, and performed interventions to block BA uptake from blood into hepatocytes. RESULTS Prior to the onset of cell death, APAP overdose causes massive oxidative stress in the pericentral lobular zone, which coincided with a breach of the blood-bile barrier. Consequently, BAs leak from the bile canaliculi into the sinusoidal blood, which is then followed by their uptake into hepatocytes via the basolateral membrane, their secretion into canaliculi and repeated cycling. This, what we termed 'futile cycling' of BAs, led to increased intracellular BA concentrations that were high enough to cause hepatocyte death. Importantly, however, the interruption of BA re-uptake by pharmacological NTCP blockage using Myrcludex B and Oatp knockout strongly reduced APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS APAP overdose induces a breach of the blood-bile barrier which leads to futile BA cycling that causes hepatocyte death. Prevention of BA cycling may represent a therapeutic option after APAP intoxication. LAY SUMMARY Only one drug, N-acetylcysteine, is approved for the treatment of acetaminophen overdose and it is only effective when given within ∼8 hours after ingestion. We identified a mechanism by which acetaminophen overdose causes an increase in bile acid concentrations (to above toxic thresholds) in hepatocytes. Blocking this mechanism prevented acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice and evidence from patients suggests that this therapy may be effective for longer periods after ingestion compared to N-acetylcysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ghallab
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt.
| | - Reham Hassan
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany,Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Adrian Friebel
- Institute of Computer Science & Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Research (SIKT), University of Leipzig, Haertelstraße 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Zaynab Hobloss
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lisa Brackhagen
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Brigitte Begher-Tibbe
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Maiju Myllys
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joerg Reinders
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nina Overbeck
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Selahaddin Sezgin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zühlke
- Center for Mass Spectrometry (CMS), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Abdel-latif Seddek
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt
| | - Walaa Murad
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Tim Brecklinghaus
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Rahnenführer
- Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Daniela González
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christopher Goldring
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre of Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, The Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Ian M. Copple
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre of Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, The Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Rosemarie Marchan
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Translational Gastrointestinal Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty at Heinrich-Heine-University, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty at Heinrich-Heine-University, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Urban
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany,German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Schreiter
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Trauner
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jephte Y. Akakpo
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mojtaba Olyaee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Steven C. Curry
- Division of Clinical Data Analytics and Decision Support, Division of Medical Toxicology and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Stefan Hoehme
- Institute of Computer Science & Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Research (SIKT), University of Leipzig, Haertelstraße 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan G. Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany,Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany; telephone: +49 (0)231-1084- 348; Fax: +49 (0)231-1084- 403;
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Henriksen NL, Hansen SH, Lycas MD, Pan X, Eriksen T, Johansen LS, Sprenger RR, Ejsing CS, Burrin DG, Skovgaard K, Christensen VB, Thymann T, Pankratova S. Cholestasis alters brain lipid and bile acid composition and compromises motor function in neonatal piglets. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15368. [PMID: 35822260 PMCID: PMC9277266 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Infants with neonatal cholestasis are prone to neurodevelopmental deficits, however, the underlying pathogenesis is unclear. Lipid malabsorption and accumulation of potentially neurotoxic molecules in the blood such as bile acids are important yet relatively unexplored pathways. Here, we developed a translational piglet model to understand how the molecular bile acid and lipid composition of the brain is affected by this disease and relates to motor function. Piglets (8-days old) had bile duct ligation or sham surgery and were fed a formula diet for 3 weeks. Alongside sensory-motor deficits observed in bile duct-ligated animals, we found a shift toward a more hydrophilic and conjugated bile acid profile in the brain. Additionally, comprehensive lipidomics of the cerebellum revealed a decrease in total lipids including phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidylserines and increases in lysophospholipid species. This was paralleled by elevated cerebellar expression of genes related to inflammation and tissue damage albeit without significant impact on the brain transcriptome. This study offers new insights into the developing brain's molecular response to neonatal cholestasis indicating that bile acids and lipids may contribute in mediating motor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Lind Henriksen
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Svend Høime Hansen
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryCopenhagen University Hospital, RigshospitaletCopenhagen ØDenmark
| | | | - Xiaoyu Pan
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Thomas Eriksen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | | | - Richard R. Sprenger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark
| | - Christer Stenby Ejsing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark
| | - Douglas G. Burrin
- Department of Pediatrics, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceChildren's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Kerstin Skovgaard
- Department of Biotechnology and BiomedicineTechnical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark
| | - Vibeke Brix Christensen
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineCopenhagen University Hospital, RigshospitaletCopenhagen ØDenmark
| | - Thomas Thymann
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Stanislava Pankratova
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
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31
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Wang Q, Song GC, Weng FY, Zou B, Jin JY, Yan DM, Tan B, Zhao J, Li Y, Qiu FR. Hepatoprotective Effects of Glycyrrhetinic Acid on Lithocholic Acid-Induced Cholestatic Liver Injury Through Choleretic and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:881231. [PMID: 35712714 PMCID: PMC9194553 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.881231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is a clinical syndrome triggered by the accumulation and aggregation of bile acids by subsequent inflammatory responses. The present study investigated the protective effect of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) on the cholestatic liver injury induced by lithocholic acid (LCA) from both anti-inflammatory and choleretic mechanistic standpoints. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with LCA twice daily for 4 days to induce intrahepatic cholestasis. GA (50 mg/kg) and pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (PCN, 45 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected 3 days before and throughout the administration of LCA, respectively. Plasma biochemical indexes were determined by assay kits, and hepatic bile acids were quantified by LC-MS/MS. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of liver sections was performed for pathological examination. Protein expression of the TLRs/NF-κB pathway and the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were examined by Western blotting and PCR, respectively. Finally, the hepatic expression of pregnane X receptor (PXR) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and their target genes encoding metabolic enzymes and transporters was evaluated. GA significantly reversed liver necrosis and decreased plasma ALT and ALP activity. Plasma total bile acids, total bilirubin, and hepatic bile acids were also remarkably preserved. More importantly, the recruitment of inflammatory cells to hepatic sinusoids was alleviated. Additionally, the protein expression of TLR2, TLR4, and p-NF-κBp65 and the mRNA expression of CCL2, CXCL2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly decreased. Moreover, GA significantly increased the expression of hepatic FXR and its target genes, including BSEP, MRP3, and MRP4. In conclusion, GA protects against LCA-induced cholestatic liver injury by inhibiting the TLR2/NF-κB pathway and upregulating hepatic FXR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Chao Song
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng-Yi Weng
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zou
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Jin
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Ming Yan
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Rong Qiu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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32
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Charkoftaki G, Tan WY, Berrios-Carcamo P, Orlicky DJ, Golla JP, Garcia-Milian R, Aalizadeh R, Thomaidis NS, Thompson DC, Vasiliou V. Liver metabolomics identifies bile acid profile changes at early stages of alcoholic liver disease in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 360:109931. [PMID: 35429548 PMCID: PMC9364420 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is a global healthcare problem with enormous social, economic, and clinical consequences. The liver sustains the earliest and the greatest degree of tissue injury due to chronic alcohol consumption and it has been estimated that alcoholic liver disease (ALD) accounts for almost 50% of all deaths from cirrhosis in the world. In this study, we used a modified Lieber-DeCarli (LD) diet to treat mice with alcohol and simulate chronic alcohol drinking. Using an untargeted metabolomics approach, our aim was to identify the various metabolites and pathways that are altered in the early stages of ALD. Histopathology showed minimal changes in the liver after 6 weeks of alcohol consumption. However, untargeted metabolomics analyses identified 304 metabolic features that were either up- or down-regulated in the livers of ethanol-consuming mice. Pathway analysis revealed significant alcohol-induced alterations, the most significant of which was in the FXR/RXR activation pathway. Targeted metabolomics focusing on bile acid biosynthesis showed elevated taurine-conjugated cholic acid compounds in ethanol-consuming mice. In summary, we showed that the changes in the liver metabolome manifest very early in the development of ALD, and when minimal changes in liver histopathology have occurred. Although alterations in biochemical pathways indicate a complex pathology in the very early stages of alcohol consumption, bile acid changes may serve as biomarkers of the early onset of ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wan Ying Tan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pablo Berrios-Carcamo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jaya Prakash Golla
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rolando Garcia-Milian
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Bioinformatics Support Program, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06210, USA
| | - Reza Aalizadeh
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National Kapodistrian University of Athens University Campus, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National Kapodistrian University of Athens University Campus, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Duan Z, Yang T, Li L, Wang X, Wei C, Xia Z, Chai Y, Huang X, Zhang L, Jiang Z. Comparison of bile acids profiles in the enterohepatic circulation system of mice and rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 220:106100. [PMID: 35341917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) were selected as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prevention of multiple liver diseases, and they were also considered as an important signal transductor via "liver-gut" axis. As important factors for maintaining the normal function and tissue morphology, BA homeostasis throughout the enterohepatic circulation system was guaranteed by BA synthases and transporters, nuclear receptors (NRs) and gut microbiota, all of which presented significant species differences. Thus, we simultaneously quantify BA profiles in the enterohepatic circulation of SD rats and C57BL/6 mice to reveal the species differences of BA homeostasis between these two main rodents of preclinical studies. Our results showed that BA profiles of mice plasma, bile and liver were most dissimilar from these of rats. Meanwhile, BAs profiles also presented obvious species differences in the intestine of mice and rats, especially small intestine. Unlike rats, taurine-conjugated bile acids (T-BAs) were predominant in mice small intestine content and tissue, in which taurocholic acid (TCA) was the most prominent BAs. BAs dynamic analysis showed that compared with rats, mice showed stranger taurine and glycine de-conjugations in lager intestine. However, both the ratios of unconjugated bile acids (Un-BAs) to conjugated BAs, and secondary BAs to primary BAs in mice small content and tissue were all much lower than these in rats. Furthermore, ileum BAs profiles also showed significantly separation trend between rats and mice, whether content or tissue. Our data revealed that the patterns of BAs homeostasis in mice enterohepatic circulation system were significantly different from these in rats (especially in intestine), suggesting that more cautious should be paid to the selection of BAs as biomarkers for disease diagnosis or/and drug induced toxicity, and the certain role and mechanism of individual BA in the pathological process of BA-related diseases via "liver-gut" axis should be verified by using of multiple species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Duan
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Lin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xue Wang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chujing Wei
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ziyin Xia
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chai
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Huang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Substance P Hinders Bile Acid-Induced Hepatocellular Injury by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050920. [PMID: 35624784 PMCID: PMC9137937 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver failure is an outcome of chronic liver disease caused by steatohepatitis and cholestatic injury. This study examined substance P (SP) effect on liver injury due to cholestatic stress caused by excessive bile acid (BA) accumulation. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) was added to HepG2 cells to induce hepatic injury, and cellular alterations were observed within 8 h. After confirming BA-mediated cellular injury, SP was added, and its restorative effect was evaluated through cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS)/inflammatory cytokines/endothelial cell media expression, and adjacent liver sinusoidal endothelial cell (LSEC) function. CDCA treatment provoked ROS production, followed by IL-8 and ICAM-1 expression in hepatocytes within 8 h, which accelerated 24 h post-treatment. Caspase-3 signaling was activated, reducing cell viability and promoting alanine aminotransferase release. Interestingly, hepatocyte alteration by CDCA stress could affect LSEC activity by decreasing cell viability and disturbing tube-forming ability. In contrast, SP treatment reduced ROS production and blocked IL-8/ICAM-1 in CDCA-injured hepatocytes. SP treatment ameliorated the effect of CDCA on LSECs, preserving cell viability and function. Collectively, SP could protect hepatocytes and LSECs from BA-induced cellular stress, possibly by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. These results suggest that SP can be used to treat BA-induced liver injury.
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Lei W, Zhao C, Sun J, Jin Y, Duan Z. Activation of α7nAChR preserves intestinal barrier integrity by enhancing the HO-1 / STAT3 signaling to inhibit NF-κB activation in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Zhou M, Cheng C, Han Y, Niu M, Huang Y, He X, Liu Y, Xiao X, Wang J, Ma Z. 自身免疫性肝炎、原发性胆汁性胆管炎及其重叠综合征的临床代谢组学表征及区分. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Lei W, Zhao C, Sun J, Jin Y, Duan Z. Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Intestinal Barrier Destruction in Mice With Bile Duct Ligation-Induced Liver Injury by Activating the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway. Neuromodulation 2022; 25:1122-1133. [PMID: 35300921 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Electroacupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST36) can attenuate inflammation in different rodent models. However, the therapeutic mechanisms underlying its action in inhibiting intestinal barrier destruction and liver injury in cholestasis mice have not been clarified. This study aimed at investigating whether EA at ST36 could activate the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway to inhibit intestinal barrier destruction and liver injury in cholestasis mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Hmox1floxp/floxp C57BL/6 mice were randomized and subjected to a sham or bile duct ligation (BDL) surgery. The BDL mice were randomized and treated with, or without (BDL group), sham EA at ST36 (BDL+sham-ST36) or EA at ST36 (BDL+ST36), or received α-bungarotoxin (α-BGT), a specific inhibitor of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit (α7nAChR), before stimulation (BDL+ST36+α-BGT). These mice, together with a group of intestine-specific heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) knockout (KO) Villin-Cre-HO-1-/- mice, were monitored for their body weights before and 14 days after BDL. The levels of plasma cytokines and liver injury-related alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay, and pathological changes in the intestinal mucosa and liver fibrosis as well as intestinal barrier permeability in individual mice were examined by histology and immunohistochemistry. The levels of α7nAChR, HO-1, ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1, and NF-κBp65 expression and NF-κBp65 phosphorylation in intestinal tissues were quantified. RESULTS Compared with the sham group, BDL significantly increased the levels of plasma interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor α, ALT, and AST and caused intestinal mucosal damages, high permeability, and liver fibrosis in mice, which were remarkably mitigated, except for further increased levels of plasma IL-10 in the BDL+ST36 group of mice. Similarly, EA at ST36 significantly up-regulated α7nAChR and HO-1 expression; mitigated the BDL-decreased ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1 expression; and attenuated the BDL-increased NF-κBp65 phosphorylation in intestinal tissues of mice. The therapeutic effects of EA at ST36 were significantly abrogated by pretreatment with α-BGT or HO-1 KO. CONCLUSION EA at ST36 inhibits the BDL-induced intestinal mucosal damage and liver fibrosis by activating the HO-1 cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in intestinal tissues of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- Second Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Changcheng Zhao
- Second Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiasen Sun
- Second Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanling Jin
- Pathology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhijun Duan
- Second Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Laboratory of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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38
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O'Leary CE, Sbierski-Kind J, Kotas ME, Wagner JC, Liang HE, Schroeder AW, de Tenorio JC, von Moltke J, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Eckalbar WL, Molofsky AB, Schneider C, Locksley RM. Bile acid-sensitive tuft cells regulate biliary neutrophil influx. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabj1080. [PMID: 35245089 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abj1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and dysfunction of the extrahepatic biliary tree are common causes of human pathology, including gallstones and cholangiocarcinoma. Despite this, we know little about the local regulation of biliary inflammation. Tuft cells, rare sensory epithelial cells, are particularly prevalent in the mucosa of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. Here, we show that biliary tuft cells express a core genetic tuft cell program in addition to a tissue-specific gene signature and, in contrast to small intestinal tuft cells, decreased postnatally, coincident with maturation of bile acid production. Manipulation of enterohepatic bile acid recirculation revealed that tuft cell abundance is negatively regulated by bile acids, including in a model of obstructive cholestasis in which inflammatory infiltration of the biliary tree correlated with loss of tuft cells. Unexpectedly, tuft cell-deficient mice spontaneously displayed an increased gallbladder epithelial inflammatory gene signature accompanied by neutrophil infiltration that was modulated by the microbiome. We propose that biliary tuft cells function as bile acid-sensitive negative regulators of inflammation in biliary tissues and serve to limit inflammation under homeostatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E O'Leary
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julia Sbierski-Kind
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maya E Kotas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Johanna C Wagner
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hong-Erh Liang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew W Schroeder
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jakob von Moltke
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Roberto R Ricardo-Gonzalez
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Walter L Eckalbar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ari B Molofsky
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Richard M Locksley
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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39
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Song Y, Tran M, Wang L, Shin DJ, Wu J. MiR-200c-3p targets SESN1 and represses the IL-6/AKT loop to prevent cholangiocyte activation and cholestatic liver fibrosis. J Transl Med 2022; 102:485-493. [PMID: 34880414 PMCID: PMC9042705 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis causes ductular reaction in the liver where the reactive cholangiocytes not only proliferate but also gain a neuroendocrine-like phenotype, leading to inflammatory cell infiltration and extracellular matrix deposition and contributing to the development and progression of cholestatic liver fibrosis. This study aims to elucidate the role of miR-200c in cholestasis-induced biliary liver fibrosis and cholangiocyte activation. We found that miR-200c was extremely abundant in cholangiocytes but was reduced by cholestasis in a bile duct ligation (BDL) mouse model; miR-200c was also decreased by bile acids in vitro. Phenotypically, loss of miR-200c exacerbated cholestatic liver injury, including periductular fibrosis, intrahepatic inflammation, and biliary hyperplasia in both the BDL model and the 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) model. We identified sestrin 1 (SESN1) as a target of miR-200c. Sesn1-/--BDL mice showed mitigation of cholestatic liver injury. On a molecular level, the pro-proliferative IL-6/AKT feedback loop was activated in Mir200c-/- livers but was inhibited in Sesn1-/- livers upon cholestasis in mice. Furthermore, rescuing expression of miR-200c by the adeno-associated virus serotype 8 ameliorated BDL-induced liver injury in Mir200c-/- mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates that miR-200c restrains the proliferative and neuroendocrine-like activation of cholangiocytes by targeting SESN1 and inhibiting the IL-6/AKT feedback loop to protect against cholestatic liver fibrosis. Our findings provide mechanistic insights regarding biliary liver fibrosis, which may help to reveal novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of cholestatic liver injury and liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Song
- grid.63054.340000 0001 0860 4915Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shandong, China
| | - Melanie Tran
- grid.63054.340000 0001 0860 4915Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA
| | - Li Wang
- Independent Researcher, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- grid.63054.340000 0001 0860 4915Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Choudhuri S, Klaassen CD. MOLECULAR REGULATION OF BILE ACID HOMEOSTASIS. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 50:425-455. [PMID: 34686523 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids have been known for decades to aid in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the intestine. The development of gene knockout mice models and transgenic humanized mouse models have helped us understand other function of bile acids, such as their role in modulating fat, glucose, and energy metabolism, and in the molecular regulation of the synthesis, transport, and homeostasis of bile acids. The G-protein coupled receptor TGR5 regulates the bile acid induced alterations of intermediary metabolism, while the nuclear receptor FXR regulates bile acid synthesis and homeostasis. However, this review indicates that unidentified factors in addition to FXR must exist to aid in the regulation of bile acid synthesis and homeostasis. Significance Statement This review captures the present understanding of bile acid synthesis, the role of bile acid transporters in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, the role of the nuclear receptor FXR on the regulation of bile acid synthesis and bile acid transporters, and the importance of bile acids in activating GPCR signaling via TGR5 to modify intermediary metabolism. This information is useful for developing drugs for the treatment of various hepatic and intestinal diseases, as well as the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Curtis D Klaassen
- Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Univ Washington, United States
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41
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Greimel T, Jahnel J, Pohl S, Strini T, Tischitz M, Meier-Allard N, Holasek S, Meinel K, Aguiriano-Moser V, Zobel J, Haidl H, Gallistl S, Panzitt K, Wagner M, Schlagenhauf A. Bile acid-induced tissue factor activity in hepatocytes correlates with activation of farnesoid X receptor. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1394-1402. [PMID: 34145381 PMCID: PMC8440176 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00628-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BA) have been found to promote coagulation by increasing tissue factor (TF) activity. The contribution of elevated BA levels and cholestasis to TF decryption within the liver parenchyma and the role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in this process remain unclear. We investigated the effects of BA on TF activity and thrombin generation in hepatocytes and correlated these effects with activation of FXR-dependent signaling and apoptosis. HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes were incubated with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UCDA), or the synthetic FXR agonist GW4064 for 24 h. MTT tests demonstrated cell viability throughout experiments. TF activity was tested via factor Xa generation and thrombin generation was measured by calibrated automated thrombography. Increased TF activity alongside enhanced thrombin generation was observed with CDCA and GW4064 but not with GCDCA and UDCA. TF activity was substantially reduced when FXR activation was blocked with the antagonist DY 268. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed upregulation of FXR target genes only by CDCA and GW4064. Western blot analysis and fluorescence microscopy showed no TF overexpression arguing for TF decryption. Caspase 3 activity measurements and flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V binding showed no signs of apoptosis. Long-term exposure of hepatocytes to nontoxic BA may cause intracellular FXR overstimulation, triggering TF decryption irrespective of the amphiphilic properties of BA. The effect of BA on TF activation correlates with the molecule's ability to enter the cells and activate FXR. TF decryption occurs independently of apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Greimel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jörg Jahnel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sina Pohl
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja Strini
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Tischitz
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Meinel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Victor Aguiriano-Moser
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim Zobel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Haidl
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Siegfried Gallistl
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katrin Panzitt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Axel Schlagenhauf
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Bile Acids Activate NLRP3 Inflammasome, Promoting Murine Liver Inflammation or Fibrosis in a Cell Type-Specific Manner. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102618. [PMID: 34685598 PMCID: PMC8534222 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BA) as important signaling molecules are considered crucial in development of cholestatic liver injury, but there is limited understanding on the involved cell types and signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory and fibrotic potential of key BA and the role of distinct liver cell subsets focusing on the NLRP3 inflammasome. C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and Nlrp3−/− mice were fed with a diet supplemented with cholic (CA), deoxycholic (DCA) or lithocholic acid (LCA) for 7 days. Additionally, primary hepatocytes, Kupffer cells (KC) and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) from WT and Nlrp3−/− mice were stimulated with aforementioned BA ex vivo. LCA feeding led to strong liver damage and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Ex vivo KC were the most affected cells by LCA, resulting in a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Liver damage and primary KC activation was both ameliorated in Nlrp3-deficient mice or cells. DCA feeding induced fibrotic alterations. Primary HSC upregulated the NLRP3 inflammasome and early fibrotic markers when stimulated with DCA, but not LCA. Pro-fibrogenic signals in liver and primary HSC were attenuated in Nlrp3−/− mice or cells. The data shows that distinct BA induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation in HSC or KC, promoting fibrosis or inflammation.
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Knorr J, Wree A, Feldstein AE. Pyroptosis in Steatohepatitis and Liver Diseases. J Mol Biol 2021; 434:167271. [PMID: 34592216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of regulated cell death, which functions in the clearance of intracellularly replicating pathogens by cell lysis in order to induce further immune response. Since the discovery of the gasdermin (GSDM) family, pyroptosis has attracted attention in a wide range of inflammatory diseases such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and other liver diseases. Due to the cleavage of GSDMs by different caspases, the amino-terminal GSDM fragments form membrane pores essential for pyroptosis that facilitate the release of inflammatory cytokines by loss of ionic gradient and membrane rupture. In this review, we address the key molecular and cellular processes that induce pyroptosis in the liver and its significance in the pathogenesis of common liver diseases in different human and experimental mice studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Knorr
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Campus Mitte and Campus Virchow Clinic, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Wree
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Campus Mitte and Campus Virchow Clinic, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), California and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ariel E Feldstein
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), California and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, United States.
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Desai MS. Mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Anal Biochem 2021; 636:114388. [PMID: 34587512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial dysfunction in end stage cirrhotic liver disease, termed cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, is a long known, but little understood comorbidity seen in ∼50% of adults and children who present for liver transplantation. Structural, functional, hemodynamic and electrocardiographic aberrations that occur in the heart as a direct consequence of a damaged liver, is associated with multi-organ failure and increased mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing surgical procedures such as porto-systemic shunt placement and liver transplantation. Despite its clinical significance and rapid advances in science and pharmacotherapy, there is yet no specific treatment for this disease. This may be due to a lack of understanding of the pathogenesis and mechanisms behind how a cirrhotic liver causes cardiac pathology. This review will focus specifically on insights into the molecular mechanisms that drive this liver-heart interaction. Deeper understanding of the etio-pathogenesis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy will allow us to design and test treatments that can be targeted to prevent and/or reverse this co-morbid consequence of liver failure and improve health care delivery and outcomes in patients with cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moreshwar S Desai
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine and Liver ICU. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Abstract
Mitochondria have been studied for decades from the standpoint of metabolism and ATP generation. However, in recent years mitochondrial dynamics and its influence on bioenergetics and cellular homeostasis is also being appreciated. Mitochondria undergo regular cycles of fusion and fission regulated by various cues including cellular energy requirements and pathophysiological stimuli, and the network of critical proteins and membrane lipids involved in mitochondrial dynamics is being revealed. Hepatocytes are highly metabolic cells which have abundant mitochondria suggesting a biologically relevant role for mitochondrial dynamics in hepatocyte injury and recovery. Here we review information on molecular mediators of mitochondrial dynamics and their alteration in drug-induced liver injury. Based on current information, it is evident that changes in mitochondrial fusion and fission are hallmarks of liver pathophysiology ranging from acetaminophen-induced or cholestatic liver injury to chronic liver diseases. These alterations in mitochondrial dynamics influence multiple related mitochondrial responses such as mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, which are important adaptive responses facilitating liver recovery in several contexts, including drug-induced liver injury. The current focus on characterization of molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial dynamics is of immense relevance to liver pathophysiology and have the potential to provide significant insight into mechanisms of liver recovery and regeneration after injury.
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Jia R, Yang F, Yan P, Ma L, Yang L, Li L. Paricalcitol inhibits oxidative stress-induced cell senescence of the bile duct epithelium dependent on modulating Sirt1 pathway in cholestatic mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:158-168. [PMID: 33872698 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies indicate that vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression is reduced in primary biliary cirrhosis patient livers. However, the mechanism by which activated VDR effect cholestatic liver injury remains unclear. METHODS Mice were injected intraperitoneally with the VDR agonist paricalcitol or a vehicle 3 days prior to bile duct ligation (BDL) and for 5 or 28 days after surgery. The analyses of liver morphology and necrotic areas were based on H&E staining. Serum biochemical indicators of liver damage were analyzed by commercial kits. The mechanisms of paricalcitol on cholestatic liver injury were determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Paricalcitol ameliorated the BDL-induced liver damage in mice. Paricalcitol increased the proliferation of BECs to promote the repair of the bile duct. Paricalcitol also reduced the BDL-induced oxidative stress level in the mice. Mechanistic analysis revealed that paricalcitol decreased the number of SA-β-gal-positive cells and downregulated the expression of p53, p21 and p16 proteins which was associated with reducing oxidative stress. Additionally, paricalcitol exerted the inhibitory effect of cell senescence was through reducing DNA damage and promoting DNA repair. Interesting, we found that paricalcitol prevented the downregulation of oxidative stress-induced Sirt1 expression in the BDL mice and t-BHP-induced BECs models. Moreover, paricalcitol suppressed cell senescence through a Sirt1-dependent pathway. These results were confirmed by antioxidant ALCAR and the Sirt1 inhibitor EX-527. CONCLUSION Paricalcitol alleviated cholestatic liver injury through promoting the repair of damaged bile ducts and reducing oxidative stress-induced cell senescence of the bile duct via modulating Sirt1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjun Jia
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, PR China; Department of Cell Biology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China.
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China.
| | - Liman Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, PR China.
| | - Longfei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, PR China.
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Iruzubieta P, Goikoetxea-Usandizaga N, Barbier-Torres L, Serrano-Maciá M, Fernández-Ramos D, Fernández-Tussy P, Gutiérrez-de-Juan V, Lachiondo-Ortega S, Simon J, Bravo M, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Robles M, Ferre-Aracil C, Varela-Rey M, Elguezabal N, Calleja JL, Lu SC, Milkiewicz M, Milkiewicz P, Anguita J, Monte MJ, Marin JJ, López-Hoyos M, Delgado TC, Rincón M, Crespo J, Martínez-Chantar ML. Boosting mitochondria activity by silencing MCJ overcomes cholestasis-induced liver injury. JHEP Rep 2021; 3:100276. [PMID: 33997750 PMCID: PMC8099785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2021.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mitochondria are the major organelles for the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been described as a key factor in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver disease. The methylation-controlled J-protein (MCJ) is a mitochondrial protein that interacts with and represses the function of complex I of the electron transport chain. The relevance of MCJ in the pathology of cholestasis has not yet been explored. METHODS We studied the relationship between MCJ and cholestasis-induced liver injury in liver biopsies from patients with chronic cholestatic liver diseases, and in livers and primary hepatocytes obtained from WT and MCJ-KO mice. Bile duct ligation (BDL) was used as an animal model of cholestasis, and primary hepatocytes were treated with toxic doses of bile acids. We evaluated the effect of MCJ silencing for the treatment of cholestasis-induced liver injury. RESULTS Elevated levels of MCJ were detected in the liver tissue of patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease when compared with normal liver tissue. Likewise, in mouse models, the hepatic levels of MCJ were increased. After BDL, MCJ-KO animals showed significantly decreased inflammation and apoptosis. In an in vitro model of bile-acid induced toxicity, we observed that the loss of MCJ protected mouse primary hepatocytes from bile acid-induced mitochondrial ROS overproduction and ATP depletion, enabling higher cell viability. Finally, the in vivo inhibition of the MCJ expression, following BDL, showed reduced liver injury and a mitigation of the main cholestatic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that MCJ is involved in the progression of cholestatic liver injury, and our results identified MCJ as a potential therapeutic target to mitigate the liver injury caused by cholestasis. LAY SUMMARY In this study, we examine the effect of mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibition by MCJ on bile acid-induced liver toxicity. The loss of MCJ protects hepatocytes against apoptosis, mitochondrial ROS overproduction, and ATP depletion as a result of bile acid toxicity. Our results identify MCJ as a potential therapeutic target to mitigate liver injury in cholestatic liver diseases.
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Key Words
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AMA-M2, antimitochondrial M2 antibody
- ANA, antinuclear antibodies
- APRI, AST to platelet ratio index
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- Abs, antibodies
- BA, bile acid
- BAX, BCL2 associated X
- BCL-2, B-cell lymphoma 2
- BCL-Xl, B-cell lymphoma-extra large
- BDL, bile duct ligation
- Bile duct ligation
- CLD, cholestatic liver disease
- Ccl2, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2
- Ccr2, C-C motif chemokine receptor 2
- Ccr5, C-C motif chemokine receptor 5
- Cholestasis
- Cxcl1, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1
- Cyp7α1, cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase
- DCA, deoxycholic acid
- ETC, electron transport chain
- Ezh2, enhancer of zeste homolog 2
- Fxr, farnesoid X receptor
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GCDCA, glycochenodeoxycholic acid
- HSC, hepatic stellate cells
- Hif-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- KO, knockout
- LSM, liver stiffness
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MCJ
- MCJ, methylation-controlled J
- MLKL, mixed-lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase
- MMP, mitochondrial membrane potential
- MPO, myeloperoxidase
- MPT, mitochondrial permeability transition
- Mitochondria
- Nrf1, nuclear respiratory factor 1
- PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
- PBC, primary biliary cholangitis
- PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Pgc1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
- Pgc1β, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta
- ROS
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- RT, room temperature
- SDH2, succinate dehydrogenase
- TNF, tumour necrosis factor
- Tfam, transcription factor A mitochondrial
- Trail, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
- UDCA, ursodeoxycholic acid
- Ucp2, uncoupling protein 2
- VCTE, vibration-controlled transient elastography
- WT, wild-type
- mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid
- p-JNK, phosphor-JNK
- p-MLKL, phosphor-MLKL
- shRNA, small hairpin RNA
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- tBIL, total bilirubin
- α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Iruzubieta
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Clinical and Translational Digestive Research Group, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Naroa Goikoetxea-Usandizaga
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Lucía Barbier-Torres
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Marina Serrano-Maciá
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - David Fernández-Ramos
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Pablo Fernández-Tussy
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Virginia Gutiérrez-de-Juan
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Sofia Lachiondo-Ortega
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jorge Simon
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Miren Bravo
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Robles
- Liver Unit, Vírgen de Victoria University Hospital, Gastroenterology Service and Department of Medicine, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Carlos Ferre-Aracil
- Liver Unit, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, IDIPHISA, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Varela-Rey
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Natalia Elguezabal
- Departmento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, Derio, Spain
| | - José Luis Calleja
- Liver Unit, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, IDIPHISA, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Piotr Milkiewicz
- Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Juan Anguita
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Derio, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - María J. Monte
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José J.G. Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcos López-Hoyos
- Immunology Department, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Teresa C. Delgado
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Rincón
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Javier Crespo
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Clinical and Translational Digestive Research Group, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - María Luz Martínez-Chantar
- Liver Disease and Liver Metabolism Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research & Technology Alliance), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
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Frissen M, Liao L, Schneider KM, Djudjaj S, Haybaeck J, Wree A, Rolle-Kampczyk U, von Bergen M, Latz E, Boor P, Trautwein C. Bidirectional Role of NLRP3 During Acute and Chronic Cholestatic Liver Injury. Hepatology 2021; 73:1836-1854. [PMID: 32748971 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cholestatic liver injury leads to cell death and subsequent inflammation and fibrosis. As shown for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), the mechanisms and circuits between different cell death pathways leading to disease progression are incompletely defined. Common bile duct ligation (BDL) is a well-established murine model to mimic cholestatic liver injury. Here, we hypothesized that pyroptotic cell death by the Nucleotide-Binding Domain, Leucine-Rich-Containing Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing-3 (Nlrp3) inflammasome plays an essential role during human and murine cholestasis. APPROACH AND RESULTS NLRP3 activation was analyzed in humans with cholestatic liver injury. Wild-type (WT) and Nlrp3-/- mice were subjected to BDL for 2 or 28 days. Chronic cholestasis in humans and mice is associated with NLRP3 activation and correlates with disease activity. Acute BDL in Nlrp3-deficient mice triggered increased inflammation as well as liver injury, associated with stronger apoptotic and necroptotic cell death. In contrast, NLRP3 deletion led to decreased liver injury and inflammation in chronic cholestasis. Moreover, bridging fibrosis was observed in WT, but not in NLRP3 knockout, mice 28 days after BDL. In contrast, lack of NLRP3 expression attenuated kidney injury and fibrosis after acute and chronic BDL. Importantly, administration of MCC950, an NLRP3 small molecule inhibitor, reduced BDL-induced disease progression in WT mice. CONCLUSIONS NLRP3 activation correlates with disease activity in patients with PBC. NLRP3 has a differential role during acute and chronic cholestatic liver injury in contrast to kidney injury. Disease progression during chronic cholestasis can be targeted through small molecules and thus suggests a potential clinical benefit for humans, attenuating liver and kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mick Frissen
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lijun Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kai Markus Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sonja Djudjaj
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Wree
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute for Innate Immunity, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Immunology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Su H, Wang Q, Li Y, Jin J, Tan B, Yan D, Zou B, Song G, Weng F, Qiu F. Effect of Different Ratios of Yinchen and Gancao Decoction on ANIT-Treated Cholestatic Liver Injury in Mice and Its Potential Underlying Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:611610. [PMID: 33935705 PMCID: PMC8082238 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.611610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is a pathological state that leads to serious liver disease; however, therapeutic options remain limited. Yinchen and Gancao are often used in combination at different ratios in traditional Chinese formulae for the treatment of jaundice and cholestasis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of decoctions containing different ratios of Yinchen and Gancao (YGD) on alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT)-treated intrahepatic cholestasis (IC) in mice, and further explored the underlying mechanism. Treatment with 0:4 and 1:4 YGD significantly reduced plasma total bile acid (TBA), total bilirubin (TBIL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities; decreased unconjugated and conjugated bile acid levels; and improved hepatocyte necrosis and inflammatory cells recruitment to hepatic sinusoids. Moreover, the expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-C ligand 2 (CCL2), and C-X-C ligand 2 (CXCL2) in the liver were significantly reduced. However, treatment with 4:1 and 4:0 YGD increased plasma TBA, TBIL, AST, ALT, and ALP activities and aggravated liver cell injury and inflammation. Moreover, the mRNA expression of the bile salt export pump (BSEP) in the liver was significantly increased in mice treated with 4:0 YGD. The present study demonstrates that YGD containing a high proportion of Gancao, which inhibits the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and reduces the inflammatory response, had protective effects against ANIT-treated IC in mice. However, YGD containing a high proportion of Yinchen aggravated the ANIT-treated IC in mice, which may be related to upregulation of BSEP and boosting bile acid regurgitation from damage cholangiocytes to liver in ANIT-treated IC mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizong Su
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Jin
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongming Yan
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zou
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guochao Song
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengyi Weng
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Furong Qiu
- Clinical Pharmacokinetic Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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50
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Xue H, Fang S, Zheng M, Wu J, Li H, Zhang M, Li Y, Wang T, Shi R, Ma Y. Da-Huang-Xiao-Shi decoction protects against3, 5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydroxychollidine-induced chronic cholestasis by upregulating bile acid metabolic enzymes and efflux transporters. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113706. [PMID: 33346024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chronic cholestasis is a usual clinical pathological process in hepatopathy and has few treatment options; it is classified under the category of jaundice in Chinese medicine. Da-Huang-Xiao-Shi decoction (DHXSD) is a classic Chinese prescription which is used to treat jaundice. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to examine the protective effect of DHXSD on liver and its potential mechanism of action against chronic cholestasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chronic cholestasis was induced using 3, 5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydroxychollidine (DDC) in mice. Mice were then administered DHXSD intragastrically at doses of 3.68, 7.35, and 14.70 g/kg for four weeks followed by further analyses. Serum biochemical indices and liver pathology were explored. Eighteen individual bile acids (BAs) in mice serum and liver were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The expression of BA related metabolic enzymes, transporters, along with nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) was detected by real-time qPCR and Western blot. RESULTS DHXSD treatment reduced the serum biochemical indices, ameliorated pathological injury, and improved the disordered BA homeostasis. Mice treated with DHXSD showed significantly upregulated expression of the metabolic enzymes, cytochrome P450 2b10 (Cyp2b10), Cyp3a11, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1a1 (Ugt1a1); and the bile acid transporters, multidrug resistance protein 2 (Mdr2), bile salt export pump (Bsep), and multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 (Mrp3). DHXSD treatment also significantly upregulated FXR expression in mice with DDC-induced chronic cholestasis. CONCLUSIONS DHXSD exerted protective effects on chronic cholestasis in DDC-treated mice by alleviating the disordered homeostasis of BAs through increased expression of BA related metabolic enzymes and efflux transporters.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 11/metabolism
- Angiogenic Proteins/genetics
- Angiogenic Proteins/metabolism
- Animals
- Bile Acids and Salts/analysis
- Bile Acids and Salts/chemistry
- Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/drug therapy
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology
- Cholestasis/chemically induced
- Cholestasis/drug therapy
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Chronic Disease/drug therapy
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Enzymes/genetics
- Enzymes/metabolism
- Ethnopharmacology
- Homeostasis/drug effects
- Liver/drug effects
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Protective Agents/pharmacology
- Protective Agents/therapeutic use
- Pyridines/toxicity
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Su Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Mengdie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Tianming Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yueming Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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