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Pierce JL, Lyons JW, Chevalier TB, Lindemann MD. Effects of a second iron-dextran injection administered to piglets during lactation on differential gene expression in liver and duodenum at weaning. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae005. [PMID: 38219027 PMCID: PMC10874211 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Six female littermate piglets were used in an experiment to evaluate the mRNA expression in tissues from piglets given one or two 1 mL injections of iron dextran (200 mg Fe/mL). All piglets in the litter were administered the first 1 mL injection < 24 h after birth. On day 7, piglets were paired by weight (mean body weight = 1.72 ± 0.13 kg) and one piglet from each pair was randomly selected as control (CON) and the other received a second injection (+Fe). At weaning on day 22, each piglet was anesthetized, and samples of liver and duodenum were taken from the anesthetized piglets and preserved until mRNA extraction. differential gene expression data were analyzed with a fold change cutoff (FC) of |1.2| P < 0.05. Pathway analysis was conducted with Z-score cutoff of P < 0.05. In the duodenum 435 genes were significantly changed with a FC ≥ |1.2| P < 0.05. In the duodenum, Claudin 1 and Claudin 2 were inversely affected by + Fe. Claudin 1 (CLDN1) plays a key role in cell-to-cell adhesion in the epithelial cell sheets and was upregulated (FC = 4.48, P = 0.0423). Claudin 2 (CLDN2) is expressed in cation leaky epithelia, especially during disease or inflammation and was downregulated (FC = -1.41, P = 0.0097). In the liver, 362 genes were expressed with a FC ≥ |1.2| P < 0.05. The gene most affected by a second dose of 200 mg Fe was hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (HAMP) with a FC of 40.8. HAMP is a liver-produced hormone that is the main circulating regulator of Fe absorption and distribution across tissues. It also controls the major flows of Fe into plasma by promoting endocytosis and degradation of ferroportin (SLC4A1). This leads to the retention of Fe in Fe-exporting cells and decreased flow of Fe into plasma. Gene expression related to metabolic pathway changes in the duodenum and liver provides evidence for the improved feed conversion and growth rates in piglets given two iron injections preweaning with contemporary pigs in a companion study. In the duodenum, there is a downregulation of gene clusters associated with gluconeogenesis (P < 0.05). Concurrently, there was a decrease in the mRNA expression of genes for enzymes required for urea production in the liver (P < 0.05). These observations suggest that there may be less need for gluconeogenesis, and possibly less urea production from deaminated amino acids. The genomic and pathway analyses provided empirical evidence linking gene expression with phenotypic observations of piglet health and growth improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Pierce
- James Pierce Consulting, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | | | - Tyler B Chevalier
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Merlin D Lindemann
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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Rudzik R, Dziedziejko V, Rać ME, Sawczuk M, Maciejewska-Skrendo A, Safranow K, Pawlik A. Polymorphisms in GP6, PEAR1A, MRVI1, PIK3CG, JMJD1C, and SHH Genes in Patients with Unstable Angina. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207506. [PMID: 33076381 PMCID: PMC7602592 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant public health problem because it is one of the major causes of death worldwide. Several studies have investigated the associations between CAD and polymorphisms in genes connected with platelet aggregation and the risk of venous thromboembolism. AIM In this study, we examined the associations between polymorphisms in GP6 (rs1671152), PEAR1A (rs12566888), MRVI1 (rs7940646), PIK3CG (rs342286), JMJD1C (rs10761741), SHH (rs2363910), and CAD in the form of unstable angina as well as selected clinical and biochemical parameters. The study enrolled 246 patients with diagnosed unstable angina and 189 healthy controls. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the distribution of the studied polymorphisms between the patients with unstable angina and the controls. In patients with the GP6 rs1671152 GG genotype, we observed increased BMI values and an increased frequency of type 2 diabetes diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest a lack of association between GP6 (rs1671152), PEAR1A (rs12566888), MRVI1 (rs7940646), PIK3CG (rs342286), JMJD1C (rs10761741), SHH (rs2363910), and unstable angina. The results indicate an association between GP6 (rs1671152) and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Rudzik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Violetta Dziedziejko
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.E.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Monika Ewa Rać
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.E.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Marek Sawczuk
- Insitute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | | | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.E.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-466-1611
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Li J, Guo M, Tian X, Wang X, Yang X, Wu P, Liu C, Xiao Z, Qu Y, Yin Y, Wang C, Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Liu Z, Peng C, Zhu T, Liang Q. Virus-Host Interactome and Proteomic Survey Reveal Potential Virulence Factors Influencing SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis. MED 2020; 2:99-112.e7. [PMID: 32838362 PMCID: PMC7373048 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global public health concern due to relatively easy person-to-person transmission and the current lack of effective antiviral therapy. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis remain largely unknown. Methods Genome-wide screening was used to establish intraviral and viral-host interactomes. Quantitative proteomics was used to investigate the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proteome signature in COVID-19. Findings We elucidated 286 host proteins targeted by SARS-CoV-2 and >350 host proteins that are significantly perturbed in COVID-19-derived PBMCs. This signature in severe COVID-19 PBMCs reveals a significant upregulation of cellular proteins related to neutrophil activation and blood coagulation, as well as a downregulation of proteins mediating T cell receptor signaling. From the interactome, we further identified that non-structural protein 10 interacts with NF-κB-repressing factor (NKRF) to facilitate interleukin-8 (IL-8) induction, which potentially contributes to IL-8-mediated chemotaxis of neutrophils and the overexuberant host inflammatory response observed in COVID-19 patients. Conclusions Our study not only presents a systematic examination of SARS-CoV-2-induced perturbation of host targets and cellular networks but it also reveals insights into the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 triggers cytokine storms, representing a powerful resource in the pursuit of therapeutic interventions. Funding National Key Research and Development Project of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China, National Science and Technology Major Project, Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning, Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai, Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, SII Challenge Fund for COVID-19 Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Large Research Infrastructure of Maintenance and Remolding Project, and Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Technology Talent Program. Genome-wide screens identify 58 binary interactions between 29 SARS-CoV-2 proteins Virus-host interactome identifies 286 host targets for SARS-CoV-2 proteins Quantitative analysis depicts the overall proteome signature in COVID-19 PBMCs Nsp10 targets NKRF to facilitate IL-8 induction
The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2, but little is known about the functions of its viral proteins. The authors characterized the SARS-CoV-2 intraviral and virus-host interaction networks in human cells and identified 286 potential host targets. Quantitative proteomic analysis revealed elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in PBMCs collected from severe COVID-19 patients compared with mild ones, and the functional annotation of differentially expressed proteins implicate pathways involved in neutrophil activation, T cell receptor signaling, and the coagulation cascade. Combining virus-host interactome with COVID-19 proteomic analysis, the authors found that nsp10 interacts with NKRF to mediate IL-8 expression, providing a potential molecular mechanism for SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storm and marking it as a possible emerging therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjiao Li
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Xiaoxu Tian
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xing Yang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chengrong Liu
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zixuan Xiao
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Yafei Qu
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yue Yin
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yucai Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhaoqin Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Zhenshan Liu
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chao Peng
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tongyu Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Phage, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiming Liang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Anisimova AV, Gunchenko AS, Ikonnikova AY, Galkin SS, Avdonina MA, Nasedkina TV. [A clinical and genetic analysis of risk factors for the development of acute and chronic cerebral ischemia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:62-67. [PMID: 31184626 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201911903262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To study the association between polymorphic markers in the ACE, SERPINE1, FGB, F5, F7, F12, GP1BA, GPIIIa, MTHFR, CYP11B2, PON1, PON2, NOS2, NOS2, HIFla, LTA, ALOX5AP genes and clinical characteristics of acute and chronic forms of circulatory disorders of the brain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The analysis of polymorphic variants in ACE, FGB, F5, F7, F12, GP1BA, GPIIIa, SERPINE1, MTHFR, CYP11B2, PON1, PON2, NOS2, NOS3, PDE4D, HIF1a, LTA, ALOX5AP in 81 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) and 69 patients with ischemic stroke (IS), and their interrelation with clinical manifestations of disease were investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The association between the T/T genotype of the PDE4D SNP 83C>T polymorphism and a rapid progression of hypertensive disease (GB) was revealed (OR=6.22, CI=1.86-20.79, p=0.0036) in the group of patients with CCI. The association of the allele D and the DD genotype of the ACE (I>D, rs1799752) with cardioembolic stroke (OR=2.67, 95% CI=1.23-5.8, p=0.02 and OR=7.14, 95% CI=1.72-29.69, p=0.0057) was found. When comparing subgroups of patients with different degrees of stenosis of brachiocephalic arteries (BCA), the association of the allele C and the TC genotype of the GP1BA (rs2243093, -5T/C) with BCA occlusion and expressed hemodynamically significant stenosis (>75%) was revealed (OR=3.39, 95% CI=1.12-10.25, p=0.03 and OR=4.44, 95% CI=1.27-15.54, p=0.023, respectively). Thus, polymorphic markers in PDE4D, ACE, GP1BA in combination with certain clinical characteristics are risk factors for the progression of CCI and development of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Anisimova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Gunchenko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Yu Ikonnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S S Galkin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Avdonina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T V Nasedkina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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6
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Vasudeva K, Munshi A. Genetics of platelet traits in ischaemic stroke: focus on mean platelet volume and platelet count. Int J Neurosci 2018; 129:511-522. [PMID: 30371123 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2018.1538991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose/Aim of the study: The aim of this review is to summarize the role of genetic variants affecting mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (PLT) leading to higher platelet reactivity and in turn to thrombotic events like stroke and cardiovascular diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search was conducted in PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PROQUEST, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar related to the studies focussing on genome-wide association studies (GWAS), whole exome sequencing (WES), whole genome sequencing (WGS), phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) and multi-omic analysis that have been employed to identify the genetic variants influencing MPV and PLT. RESULTS Antiplatelet agents underscore the crucial role of platelets in the pathogenesis of stroke. Higher platelet reactivity in terms of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (PLT) contributes significantly to the interindividual variation in platelet reaction at the site of vessel wall injury. Some individuals encounter thrombotic events as platelets get occluded at the site of vessel wall injury whereas others heal the injury without occluding the circulation. Evidence suggests that MPV and PLT have a strong genetic component. High throughput techniques including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), whole exome sequencing (WES), whole genome sequencing (WGS), phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) and multi-omic analysis have identified different genetic variants influencing MPV and PLT. CONCLUSIONS Identification of complex genetic cross talks affecting PLT and MPV might help to develop novel treatment strategies in treating neurovascular diseases like stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Vasudeva
- a Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine , Central University of Punjab Bathinda , Punjab , India
| | - Anjana Munshi
- a Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine , Central University of Punjab Bathinda , Punjab , India
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Adcock DM, Favaloro EJ, Lippi G. Critical pre-examination variables in the hemostasis laboratory and their quality indicators. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:1315-1320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ivanov AV, Dedul AG, Fedotov YN, Komlichenko EV. Toward optimal set of single nucleotide polymorphism investigation before IVF. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; 32:11-18. [PMID: 27759448 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2016.1232793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, the patient preparation for IVF needs to undergo a series of planned tests, including the genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alleles of some genes. In former USSR countries, such investigation was not included in overwhelming majority of health insurance programs and paid by patient. In common, there are prerequisites to the study of more than 50 polymorphisms. An important faced task is to determine the optimal panel for SNP genotyping in terms of price/number of SNP. MATERIALS AND METHODS During 2009-2015 in the University Hospital of St. Petersburg State University, blood samples were analyzed from 550 women with different reproductive system disorders preparing for IVF and 46 healthy women in control group. In total, 28 SNP were analyzed in the genes of thrombophilia factors, folic acid cycle, detoxification system, and the renin-angiotensin system. The method used was real-time PCR. RESULTS A significant increase in the frequency of pathological alleles of some polymorphisms in patients with habitual failure of IVF was shown, compared with the control group. As a result, two options defined panels for optimal typing SNP before IVF were composed. Standard panel includes 8 SNP, 5 in thromborhilic factors, and 3 in folic acid cycle genes. They are 20210 G > A of FII gene, R506Q G > A of FV gene (mutation Leiden), -675 5G > 4G of PAI-I gene, L33P T > C of ITGB3 gene, -455 G > A of FGB gene, 667 C > T of MTHFR gene, 2756 A > G of MTR gene, and 66 A > G of MTRR gene. Extended panel of 15 SNP also includes 807 C > T of ITGA2 gene, T154M C > T of GP1BA gene, second polymorphism 1298 A > C in MTHFR gene, polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin gene AGT M235T T > C and -1166 A > C of AGTR1 gene, polymorphisms I105V A > G and A114V C > T of detoxification system gene GSTP. CONCLUSION The results of SNP genotyping can be adjusted for treatment tactics and IVF, and also medical support getting pregnant. The success rate of IVF is increased as the result, especially in the group with the usual failure of IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Ivanov
- a University Hospital of Saint-Petersburg State University , Saint-Petersburg , Russia
- b North-West Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine , Saint-Petersburg , Russia , and
| | - A G Dedul
- a University Hospital of Saint-Petersburg State University , Saint-Petersburg , Russia
| | - Y N Fedotov
- a University Hospital of Saint-Petersburg State University , Saint-Petersburg , Russia
| | - E V Komlichenko
- a University Hospital of Saint-Petersburg State University , Saint-Petersburg , Russia
- c Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint-Petersburg State Medical University Named After Academician I.P. Pavlov , Saint-Petersburg , Russia
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Tsujimoto M, Enomoto Y, Kokuzawa J, Iwama T. Diabetes mellitus and carotid artery plaques exhibiting high-intensity signals on MR angiography are related to increased platelet reactivity after carotid artery stenting. J Neurointerv Surg 2016; 9:106-110. [PMID: 27370776 PMCID: PMC5264231 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Increased platelet reactivity after carotid artery stenting (CAS) may cause thromboembolic complications. Objective This study aimed to investigate the incidence of increased platelet reactivity after CAS and to determine the factors related to it. Methods Patients who underwent CAS were recruited prospectively. They received pre-procedural antiplatelet therapy comprising some combination of aspirin (100 mg/day), clopidogrel (75 mg/day), and/or cilostazol (200 mg/day) for a minimum of 7 days. ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation were measured before and 4 days after CAS. Changes in platelet reactivity were reported as changes in the categorized platelet reactivity grade based on the effective dose 50%. Clinical characteristics of patients with and without increased platelet reactivity were compared. Results Among 38 consecutive patients who underwent CAS, 18 (47%) exhibited increased platelet reactivity. Diabetes mellitus (OR 15.0; 95% CI 2.1 to 106.5; p=0.007) and carotid artery plaques exhibiting high-intensity signals (HIS) on time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA) (OR 25.2; 95% CI 2.0 to 316.2; p=0.013) were independently associated with increased platelet reactivity in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions Increased platelet reactivity occurred in nearly half of the studied patients subjected to CAS and was independently associated with diabetes mellitus and carotid artery plaques exhibiting HIS on TOF-MRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Tsujimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yukiko Enomoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Jouji Kokuzawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Toru Iwama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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Feys HB, Coene J, Devloo R, Van Aelst B, Pottel H, Vandekerckhove P, Compernolle V. Persistent aggregates in apheresis platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 2015; 108:368-77. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H. B. Feys
- Transfusion Research Center; Belgian Red Cross-Flanders; Ghent Belgium
| | - J. Coene
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders; Mechelen Belgium
| | - R. Devloo
- Transfusion Research Center; Belgian Red Cross-Flanders; Ghent Belgium
| | - B. Van Aelst
- Transfusion Research Center; Belgian Red Cross-Flanders; Ghent Belgium
| | - H. Pottel
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care; Catholic University of Leuven KULAK; Kortrijk Belgium
| | - P. Vandekerckhove
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders; Mechelen Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Ghent; Ghent Belgium
| | - V. Compernolle
- Transfusion Research Center; Belgian Red Cross-Flanders; Ghent Belgium
- Blood Service of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders; Mechelen Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Ghent; Ghent Belgium
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Lev EI, Bliden KP, Jeong YH, Pandya S, Kang K, Franzese C, Tantry US, Gurbel PA. Influence of race and sex on thrombogenicity in a large cohort of coronary artery disease patients. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e001167. [PMID: 25332180 PMCID: PMC4323822 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background It is uncertain whether sex and race affect thrombogenicity in patients with coronary artery disease. We evaluated the effects of sex and race on thrombogenicity in patients with coronary artery disease treated with aspirin. Methods and Results Patients on aspirin therapy for 1 week or longer with known or suspected coronary artery disease undergoing nonurgent cardiac catheterization (n=1172), of whom 924 were on aspirin and clopidogrel therapy, were studied. The primary end point was thrombin‐induced platelet‐fibrin clot strength (MAKH) measured by thrombelastography. Secondary end points included coagulation index, a measure of overall coagulation; G, another measure of clot strength; and maximal platelet aggregation. Women had greater MAKH, G, and coagulation index than men, both with and without clopidogrel therapy (with clopidogrel: 68.3±6 versus 65.8±6 mm, P<0.0001; 11.4±3 versus 9.5±4 dyne/cm2, P<0.0001; and 0.12±3 versus −0.7±3, P=0.003, respectively). Platelet aggregation (induced by ADP, thrombin receptor activating peptide, or collagen) did not differ between sexes. Black patients had greater MAKH and G than white patients (with clopidogrel: 67.8±7 versus 66.4±6 mm, P=0.005; 11±4 versus 10±3 dyne/cm2, P=0.02, respectively). Black women had the highest MAKH levels. By multivariate analysis, sex, race, diabetes, platelet count, and hemoglobin level were independently associated with MAKH. Sex, but not race, was also associated with the frequency of MAKH ≥72 mm (a threshold related to ischemic event occurrence in patients undergoing coronary intervention). Conclusions Sex and race independently influence platelet‐fibrin clot strength. Black women appear to have the highest thrombogenicity profile, potentially conferring a high‐risk phenotype for thrombotic event occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli I Lev
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Baltimore, MD (E.I.L., K.P.B., S.P., K.K., C.F., U.S.T., P.A.G.) Cardiology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, and the Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel (E.I.L.)
| | - Kevin P Bliden
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Baltimore, MD (E.I.L., K.P.B., S.P., K.K., C.F., U.S.T., P.A.G.)
| | - Young-Hoon Jeong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital and Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea (Y.H.J.)
| | - Shachi Pandya
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Baltimore, MD (E.I.L., K.P.B., S.P., K.K., C.F., U.S.T., P.A.G.)
| | - Kelly Kang
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Baltimore, MD (E.I.L., K.P.B., S.P., K.K., C.F., U.S.T., P.A.G.)
| | - Christopher Franzese
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Baltimore, MD (E.I.L., K.P.B., S.P., K.K., C.F., U.S.T., P.A.G.)
| | - Udaya S Tantry
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Baltimore, MD (E.I.L., K.P.B., S.P., K.K., C.F., U.S.T., P.A.G.)
| | - Paul A Gurbel
- Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Baltimore, MD (E.I.L., K.P.B., S.P., K.K., C.F., U.S.T., P.A.G.)
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12
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Postula M, Janicki PK, Rosiak M, Kaplon-Cieslicka A, Trzepla E, Filipiak KJ, Kosior DA, Czlonkowski A, Opolski G. New single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with differences in platelets reactivity in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with acetylsalicylic acid: genome-wide association approach and pooled DNA strategy. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2014; 36:65-73. [PMID: 23054467 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-012-0823-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to use genome-wide association approach and pooled DNA strategy to search for new genomic loci associated with inter-individual differences in platelet reactivity in the diabetic patients during acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) treatment. Study cohort consisted of 297 diabetic patients who had been taking ASA (75 mg daily) for at least 3 months. We tested association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped using high density microarray platform with several platelet reactivity assays, followed by individual genotyping of most significant SNPs identified in the microarray genomic scan. The highest statistical significance (p value of 0.0001-0.008 in individual genotyping) was observed for SNP located within the regulatory G-protein signaling (RGS) 7 gene (rs2502448) using recessive genetic model. The diabetic patients on ASA treatment and homozygotes for its minor allele were characterized by increased odds ratio of at 3.45 (confidence interval: 1.82-6.53) for high on ASA platelet reactivity (i.e. impaired ASA response) when compared with homozygotes for wild-type allele. The genome-wide approach might provide an opportunity to identify novel candidate genes and pathways related to platelet activation in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Postula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, 26/28 Krakowskie Przedmiescie, 02-927 Warsaw, Poland.
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Shameer K, Denny JC, Ding K, Jouni H, Crosslin DR, de Andrade M, Chute CG, Peissig P, Pacheco JA, Li R, Bastarache L, Kho AN, Ritchie MD, Masys DR, Chisholm RL, Larson EB, McCarty CA, Roden DM, Jarvik GP, Kullo IJ. A genome- and phenome-wide association study to identify genetic variants influencing platelet count and volume and their pleiotropic effects. Hum Genet 2014; 133:95-109. [PMID: 24026423 PMCID: PMC3880605 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-013-1355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are enucleated cell fragments derived from megakaryocytes that play key roles in hemostasis and in the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis and cancer. Platelet traits are highly heritable and identification of genetic variants associated with platelet traits and assessing their pleiotropic effects may help to understand the role of underlying biological pathways. We conducted an electronic medical record (EMR)-based study to identify common variants that influence inter-individual variation in the number of circulating platelets (PLT) and mean platelet volume (MPV), by performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS). We characterized genetic variants associated with MPV and PLT using functional, pathway and disease enrichment analyses; we assessed pleiotropic effects of such variants by performing a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) with a wide range of EMR-derived phenotypes. A total of 13,582 participants in the electronic MEdical Records and GEnomic network had data for PLT and 6,291 participants had data for MPV. We identified five chromosomal regions associated with PLT and eight associated with MPV at genome-wide significance (P < 5E-8). In addition, we replicated 20 SNPs [out of 56 SNPs (α: 0.05/56 = 9E-4)] influencing PLT and 22 SNPs [out of 29 SNPs (α: 0.05/29 = 2E-3)] influencing MPV in a published meta-analysis of GWAS of PLT and MPV. While our GWAS did not find any new associations, our functional analyses revealed that genes in these regions influence thrombopoiesis and encode kinases, membrane proteins, proteins involved in cellular trafficking, transcription factors, proteasome complex subunits, proteins of signal transduction pathways, proteins involved in megakaryocyte development, and platelet production and hemostasis. PheWAS using a single-SNP Bonferroni correction for 1,368 diagnoses (0.05/1368 = 3.6E-5) revealed that several variants in these genes have pleiotropic associations with myocardial infarction, autoimmune, and hematologic disorders. We conclude that multiple genetic loci influence interindividual variation in platelet traits and also have significant pleiotropic effects; the related genes are in multiple functional pathways including those relevant to thrombopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khader Shameer
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Joshua C. Denny
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Keyue Ding
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Hayan Jouni
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - David R. Crosslin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Christopher G. Chute
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Peggy Peissig
- Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI, 54449, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Pacheco
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rongling Li
- Office of Population Genomics, National Human Genome Research Institute, 5635 Fishers Lane, Suite 3058, MSC 9307, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Abel N. Kho
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Center for Systems Genomics, Pennsylvania State University, Eberly College of Science, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, 512 Wartik Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Daniel R. Masys
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Room 416 Eskind Medical Library, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Rex L. Chisholm
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Eric B. Larson
- Group Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Avenue, Suite 1600, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | | | - Dan M. Roden
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1285 Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Gail P. Jarvik
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle WA 98195, USA
| | - Iftikhar J. Kullo
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Evaluation of laboratory methods routinely used to detect the effect of aspirin against new reference methods. Thromb Res 2013; 133:811-6. [PMID: 24207016 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin, a commonly used antiplatelet agent, blocks platelet thromboxane A₂ (TXA₂) formation from arachidonic acid (AA) by acetylating platelet cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). Laboratory methods currently used to detect this antiplatelet effect of aspirin provide variable results. We have reported three methods that assess platelet COX-1 acetylation (inactivation) by aspirin and its direct consequences. The first and second assays use monoclonal anti-human-COX-1 antibodies that only detect acetylated (inactivated) COX-1 and active (non-acetylated) COX-1, respectively. The third method measures platelet production of TXB₂ (the stable metabolite of TXA₂) in vitro in response to AA. We compared the results of these three reference methods with other routinely used methods for assessing the functional consequences aspirin treatment. METHODS 108 healthy volunteers were treated with low-dose aspirin for 7 days. On day 7 following aspirin treatment COX-1 in the platelets was fully acetylated whereas only non-acetylated COX-1 was present in the day 0 platelets. Further, TXB2 production by day 7 platelets was completely blocked. The following tests were performed on the samples obtained from study participants before and after seven days of aspirin treatment: PFA-100 closure time with collagen/epinephrine cartridge, VerifyNow (VN) Aspirin Assay, platelet aggregation and ATP secretion using AA, ADP, epinephrine and collagen as agonists. RESULTS Comparing the pre-treatment and day 7 values, methods that use AA as platelet agonist (AA-induced platelet aggregation/secretion and VN Aspirin Assay) showed high discriminative power. In contrast, results of the other tests showed considerable overlap between day 7 and day 0 values. CONCLUSIONS Only assays that clearly distinguish between acetylated and non-acetylated platelet COX-1 are useful for establishing the antiplatelet effect of aspirin. The other tests are not suitable for this purpose.
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Würtz M, Lordkipanidzé M, Grove EL. Pharmacogenomics in cardiovascular disease: focus on aspirin and ADP receptor antagonists. J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11:1627-39. [PMID: 23809178 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antiplatelet agents like aspirin and adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonists are effective in reducing recurrent ischemic events. Considerable inter-individual variability in the platelet inhibition obtained with these drugs has initiated a search for explanatory mechanisms and ways to improve treatment. In recent years, numerous genetic polymorphisms have been linked with reduced platelet inhibition and lack of clinical efficacy of antiplatelet drugs, particularly clopidogrel and aspirin. Consequently, attempts to adjust antiplatelet treatment according to genotype have been made, but the clinical benefit has been modest in studies performed so far. The progress in genome science over the last decade and the declining cost of sequencing technologies hold the promise of enabling genetically tailored antiplatelet therapy. However, more evidence is needed to clarify which polymorphisms may serve as targets to improve treatment. The present review outlines the panel of polymorphisms affecting the benefit of aspirin and adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonists, including novel and ongoing studies evaluating whether genotyping may be beneficial in tailoring antiplatelet therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Würtz
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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ROSIAK MAREK, POSTULA MAREK, KAPLON-CIESLICKA AGNIESZKA, KONDRACKA AGNIESZKA, TRZEPLA EWA, ZAREMBA MALGORZATA, FILIPIAK KRZYSZTOFJ, KOSIOR DARIUSZA, CZLONKOWSKI ANDRZEJ, OPOLSKI GRZEGORZ, JANICKI PIOTRK. Lack of effect of common single nucleotide polymorphisms in leukotriene pathway genes on platelet reactivity in patients with diabetes. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:853-60. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Yamaguchi Y, Moriki T, Igari A, Matsubara Y, Ohnishi T, Hosokawa K, Murata M. Studies of a microchip flow-chamber system to characterize whole blood thrombogenicity in healthy individuals. Thromb Res 2013; 132:263-70. [PMID: 23777751 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2013.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A whole blood flow-chamber system, the Total Thrombus-formation Analysis System (T-TAS), was developed for quantitative analysis of platelet thrombus formation (PTF) using microchips with thrombogenic surfaces (collagen, PL chip; collagen plus tissue thromboplastin, AR chip) under shear stress conditions. We evaluated the usefulness of the T-TAS for assessing individual thrombogenicity compared with other platelet function tests. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples from 31 healthy volunteers were applied to the T-TAS to measure PTF starting time (T10: time to reach 10 kPa), occlusion time (T60 for PL chip; T80 for AR chip), and area under the curve (AUC10, area under curve until 10 min for PL chip; AUC30, 30 min for AR chip) under various shear rates (1000, 1500, 2000s(-1) for PL chip; 300 s(-1) for AR chip). Platelet functions were also tested using platelet aggregometry, the PFA-100 (collagen and epinephrine [C/EPI], collagen and adenosine diphosphate [C/ADP]), and the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay. RESULTS Individual pressure waveforms, including PTF starting and ending points, varied among healthy subjects. In the PL chip, T10 and AUC10 showed a shear-dependent correlation with C/EPI or C/ADP. VerifyNow P2Y12 values were not significantly associated with the parameters of the T-TAS. Platelet counts were correlated with all AR measurements, and mostly with PL measurements. CONCLUSION The results of the T-TAS were associated with those of the PFA-100 in many respects, indicating that its characteristics are related to shear-induced PTF. The T-TAS showed few correlations with platelet aggregometry and the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay. The T-TAS may allow for the measurement of comprehensive parameters of individual thrombogenicity under whole blood flow conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yamaguchi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Postula M, Janicki PK, Rosiak M, Kaplon-Cieslicka A, Kondracka A, Trzepla E, Filipiak KJ, Kosior DA, Czlonkowski A, Opolski G. Effect of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms in acetylsalicylic acid metabolic pathway genes on platelet reactivity in patients with diabetes. Med Sci Monit 2013; 19:394-408. [PMID: 23715170 PMCID: PMC3670858 DOI: 10.12659/msm.883922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet reactivity in patients on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) therapy can be influenced by physiological or pathological conditions affecting ASA pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics. The mechanism of such variability in the therapeutic response to ASA, particularly in diabetic patients, is poorly understood. The rate of elimination of ASA and its metabolite, salicylic acid (SA), is likely a major factor determining drug efficacy. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of genetic polymorphisms in the selected candidate genes within the ASA metabolic pathway on the platelet reactivity and concentration of ASA and thromboxane A2 (TxA2) metabolites in a population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material/Methods The study cohort consisted of 287 Caucasians with T2DM who had been taking ASA tablets at the dose of 75 mg per day for at least 3 months. Platelet reactivity analyses were performed using VerifyNow Aspirin and PFA-100 assays. The measured ASA metabolite included salicylic acid (ASA), and TxA2 metabolites included serum TxB2 and urinary 11-dh-TxB2. Genotyping for the selected 18 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 5 genes of the ASA metabolic pathway was performed using a Sequenom iPLEX platform. Results No statistically significant association was observed between the investigated SNPs genotypes, platelet reactivity, and measured metabolites in the investigated cohort of patients. Conclusions The results of our study failed to confirm that the selected variants in the genes within the ASA metabolic pathway might contribute to platelet reactivity in a diabetic population treated with ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Postula
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Postula M, Kaplon-Cieslicka A, Rosiak M, Kondracka A, Serafin A, Filipiak KJ, Czlonkowski A, Opolski G, Janicki PK. Genetic determinants of platelet reactivity during acetylsalicylic acid therapy in diabetic patients: evaluation of 27 polymorphisms within candidate genes. J Thromb Haemost 2011; 9:2291-301. [PMID: 21854539 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04482.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Decreased platelet responsiveness to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) reported previously in diabetic patients could be attributed to patient-based, clinical, genetic and cellular factors. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of the genomic polymorphism on the platelet reactivity in diabetic patients treated with ASA. METHODS AND RESULTS The study cohort consisted of 295 Caucasians with diabetes type 2 who had been taking ASA tablets at the dose of 75 mg per day for at least 3 months for primary or secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI). Platelet reactivity analyzes were performed using VerifyNow ASA and PFA-100 assays. Genotyping for the selected 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 19 genes was performed using a Sequenom iPLEX platform. The results indicate that the statistically significant differences in platelet reactivity were observed in the PFA-100 assay for SNPs in following genes: TXBA2R (rs1131882), ADRA2A (rs4311994), PLA2G7 (rs7756935) and 9p21.3 (rs10120688) (P = 0.02, P = 0.03, P = 0.02, P = 0.03, respectively, all significance levels corrected for multiple comparisons). When using the VerifyNow ASA test, a weak nominal statistical significance (i.e. before multiple comparison testing) was observed for two SNPs in the GPVI gene: rs1671152 and rs1613662 [P = 0.025 (0.5) for both SNPs, corrected for multiple comparisons test]. CONCLUSIONS The results from the present study suggest that the four analyzed genes may contribute to platelet reactivity measured with the PFA-100 assay in the diabetic population treated with ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Postula
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
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Arsène S, Pouplard C, Perrodeau E, Delbachian I, Giraudeau B, Maillot F, Gruel Y. No association between the ITGA2 807T allele and retinopathy in french patients with type 2 diabetes. Thromb Res 2011; 128:293-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Harrison P, Mackie I, Mumford A, Briggs C, Liesner R, Winter M, Machin S. Guidelines for the laboratory investigation of heritable disorders of platelet function. Br J Haematol 2011; 155:30-44. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08793.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Voora D, Horton J, Shah SH, Shaw LK, Newby LK. Polymorphisms associated with in vitro aspirin resistance are not associated with clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease who report regular aspirin use. Am Heart J 2011; 162:166-72.e1. [PMID: 21742104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2011.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with heightened in vitro platelet function during aspirin exposure (which we define as "laboratory aspirin resistance") would be associated with greater risk for death, myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke among patients with coronary artery disease regularly using aspirin. METHODS Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Disease patients with (n = 3,449, CATHeterization GENetics cohort) or without (n = 11,754, nongenetic cohort) banked DNA with ≥1 coronary stenosis >75% were followed up at 6 months, then annually for death, MI, or stroke occurring during periods of reported aspirin use. We evaluated associations of candidate SNPs from GNB3, PEAR1, ITGB3, VAV3, ITGA2, GPVI, PTGS1, F2R, THBS1, A2AR, and GP1BA with events during follow-up using Cox proportional hazards modeling adjusted for clinical characteristics associated with outcomes in the nongenetic cohort. RESULTS Over a median of 3.5 years, 2,762 (24%) nongenetic cohort patients and 648 (19%) CATHeterization GENetics cohort patients had the composite outcome during reported aspirin use. No candidate SNPs were significantly associated with death, MI, or stroke in either univariable or multivariable analyses. A prospective analysis demonstrated 80% to 88% power to detect a hazard ratio of ≥1.3 for minor allele carriers. CONCLUSION Patients with angiographically significant coronary artery disease regularly using aspirin and carrying SNPs associated with laboratory aspirin resistance were not at higher risk for death, MI, or stroke. Using these SNPs to guide more aggressive antiplatelet therapy is not justified by these results. Direct extrapolation from in vitro findings to the clinical setting should be avoided.
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Ignatovica V, Latkovskis G, Peculis R, Megnis K, Schioth HB, Vaivade I, Fridmanis D, Pirags V, Erglis A, Klovins J. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the purinergic 1 receptor are not associated with myocardial infarction in a Latvian population. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:1917-25. [PMID: 21643756 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0938-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The purinergic 1 receptor (P2RY1) has been implicated in development of heart disease and in individual pharmacodynamic response to anticoagulant therapies. However, the association of polymorphisms in the P2RY1 gene with myocardial infarction (MI), and its associated conditions, has yet to be reported in the literature. We evaluated seven known SNPs in P2RY1 for association with MI in a Latvian population. Seven independent parameters that are related to MI [body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes (T2D), angina pectoris, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation and heart failure] were investigated. No significant association with MI was observed for any of the polymorphisms. Those SNPs for which the P value was close to significance were located in coding or promoter regions. Intriguingly, carriers of the minor allele in the P2RY1 gene locus showed a tendency towards higher onset age for MI, suggesting a possible protective effect of these SNPs against MI or their contribution in progression as opposed to onset. Finally, a linkage disequilibrium (LD) plot was generated for these polymorphisms in the Latvian population. The results of this study suggest that the role of P2RY1 in individuals from Latvian population is likely to be principally involved in platelet aggregation and thromboembolic diseases, and not as a significant contributing factor to the global metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Ignatovica
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites str. 1, Riga 1067, Latvia.
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Kameda S, Sakata T, Kokubo Y, Mitsuguro M, Okamoto A, Sano M, Miyata T. Association of platelet aggregation with lipid levels in the Japanese population: the Suita study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2011; 18:560-7. [PMID: 21427509 DOI: 10.5551/jat.6288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Platelets play a pivotal role in atherothrombotic diseases. Platelet aggregability induced by agonists has great interindividual variability; however, the factors influencing platelet aggregability variation have not been characterized in Asia. METHODS To examine the confounding factors influencing platelet counts and responsiveness to agonists, we measured the platelet counts and platelet aggregability induced by 1.7 µM adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or 1.7 µg/mL collagen using a light transmittance aggregometer in the Japanese general population without medication or cardiovascular disease (387 men and 550 women) in the Suita Study. RESULTS Platelet counts were negatively correlated with age in both men and women (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient: r(s)=-0.230 and -0.227; p< 0.01, respectively). In women, platelet counts were correlated negatively with the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level and positively with the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol/HDL cholesterol (L/H) ratio (r(s)=-0.135 and 0.119; p< 0.01, respectively). In women, platelet aggregabilities by ADP and collagen were correlated with age (r(s)=0.118 and 0.143; p< 0.01, respectively), and collagen-induced platelet aggregability was correlated with the LDL cholesterol level, the L/H ratio, and the non-HDL cholesterol level (r(s)=0.167, 0.172, and 0.185; p< 0.01, respectively). Even after adjustment for age, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and current smoking and drinking, the association of platelet counts with the L/H ratio in women and associations of collagen-induced platelet aggregability with the L/H ratio and the non-HDL cholesterol level remained. CONCLUSION Examination of platelet counts and platelet aggregability induced by ADP and collagen revealed gender, age and lipid levels as factors influencing inter-individual variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachika Kameda
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Abstract
Although the utility of platelet function testing is still under debate, the necessity to inhibit platelets in patients suffering from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is undoubted and well proven. The wide variety of available platelet function tests often using different methodologies, the apparent lack of standardization, and finally the emerging evidence on the clinical value of platelet function testing are resulting in a considerable uncertainty in the clinical practice, how to deal with the issue of platelet function testing. Platelet function testing might not only yield clinical benefits for the patients but also economical advantages by identifying the right drug at the right dose for the right patient. This article intends to provide an overview of the current platelet function tests such as light transmittance aggregometry, whole blood impedance aggregometry, the PFA-1001 system, the VerifyNow2 system, flow cytometry, as well as other promising technologies like Plateletworks3, IMPACT-R4, PADA, thromboelastography, and the mean platelet component (MPC), briefly addressing strengths, weaknesses and clinical utility of these tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Rechner
- Assay Development Haemostasis, Emil-von-Behring-Str. 76, 35041 Marburg, Germany.
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Abstract
Genetic and environmental factors contribute to a substantial variation in platelet function seen among normal persons. Candidate gene association studies represent a valiant effort to define the genetic component in an era where genetic tools were limited, but the single nucleotide polymorphisms identified in those studies need to be validated by more objective, comprehensive approaches, such as genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of quantitative functional traits in much larger cohorts of more carefully selected normal subjects. During the past year, platelet count and mean platelet volume, which indirectly affect platelet function, were the subjects of GWAS. The majority of the GWAS signals were located to noncoding regions, a consistent outcome of all GWAS to date, suggesting a major role for mechanisms that alter phenotype at the level of transcription or posttranscriptional modifications. Of 15 quantitative trait loci associated with mean platelet volume and platelet count, one located at 12q24 is also a risk locus for coronary artery disease. In most cases, the effect sizes of individual quantitative trait loci are admittedly small, but the results of these studies have led to new insight into regulators of hematopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis that would otherwise be unapparent and difficult to define.
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Pavkovic M, Petlichkovski A, Stojanovic A, Trajkov D, Spiroski M. Bgl II Polymorhism of the α2β1 Integrin Gene in Macedonian Population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3889/mjms.1857-5773.2010.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Cheli Y, Williams SA, Ballotti R, Nugent DJ, Kunicki TJ. Enhanced binding of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 and Ku80/70 to the ITGA2 promoter via an extended cytosine-adenosine repeat. PLoS One 2010; 5:e8743. [PMID: 20090957 PMCID: PMC2806922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have identified a cytosine-adenosine (CA) repeat length polymorphism in the 5′-regulatory region of the human integrin α2 gene ITGA2 that begins at −605. Our objective was to establish the contribution of this polymorphism to the regulation of integrin α2β1 expression, which is known to vary several-fold among normal individuals, and to investigate the underlying mechanism(s). Methodology/Principal Findings In combination with the SNP C-52T, previously identified by us as a binding site for the transcription factor Sp1, four ITGA2 haplotypes can be distinguished, in the order in which they enhance ITGA2 transcription: (CA)12/-52C>(CA)11/-52C>(CA)11/-52T>(CA)10/-52T. By DNA affinity chromatography and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, we show that poly (ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and Ku80/70 bind specifically and with enhanced affinity to the longer (CA)12 repeat alleles. Conclusions/Significance The increased binding of PARP-1 and Ku80/70, known components of transcription co-activator complexes, to the longer (CA)12 alleles of ITGA2 coincides with enhanced α2β1 expression. The most likely explanation for these findings is that PARP-1 and Ku80/70 contribute to the transcriptional regulation of ITGA2. These observations provide new insight into the mechanisms(s) underlying haplotype-dependent variability in integrin α2β1 expression in human platelets and other cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Cheli
- The Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médical, Unité 895, Université de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Shirley A. Williams
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, United States of America
| | - Robert Ballotti
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médical, Unité 895, Université de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Diane J. Nugent
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas J. Kunicki
- The Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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