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Liu X, Cai X, Yin N, Huang X, Wang P, Basheer MZ, Fan C, Chang X, Hu Z, Sun G, Cui Y. The pH-dependent role of different manganese oxides in the fate of arsenic during microbial reduction of arsenate-bearing goethite. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 261:121988. [PMID: 38986281 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Manganese oxides reduce arsenic (As) toxicity by promoting aqueous-phase As(III) oxidation and immobilization in natural aquatic ecosystems. In anaerobic water-sediment systems, arsenic exists both in a free state in the liquid phase and in an adsorbed state on iron (Fe) minerals. However, the influence of different manganese oxides on the fate of As in this system remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we constructed an anaerobic microbial As(V) reduction environment and investigated the effects of three different manganese oxides on the fate of both aqueous-phase and goethite-adsorbed As under different pH conditions. The results showed that δ-MnO2 had a superior As(III) oxidation ability in both aqueous and solid phase due not only to the higher SSA, but also to its wrinkled crystalline morphology, less favorable structure for bacterial reduction, structure conducive to ion exchange, and less interference caused by the formation of secondary Fe-minerals compared to α-MnO2 and γ-MnO2. Regarding aqueous-phase As, δ-MnO2, α-MnO2, and γ-MnO2 required an alkaline condition (pH 9) to exhibit their strongest As(III) oxidation and immobilization capability. For goethite-adsorbed As, under microbial-reducing conditions, all manganese oxides had the highest As immobilization effect in neutral pH environments and the strongest As oxidation effect in alkaline environments. This was because at pH 7, Fe(II) and Mn(II) formed hydrated complexes, which was more favorable for As adsorption. At pH 9, the negatively charged state of goethite hindered As adsorption but promoted the adsorption and oxidation of As by the manganese oxides. Our research offers new insights for optimizing As removal from water using various manganese oxides and for controlling the mobilization of As in water-sediment system under different pH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Cai
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naiyi Yin
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhan Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Basheer
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanfang Fan
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Chang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyi Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxin Sun
- Research Center for Eco-Environment Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanshan Cui
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, People's Republic of China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Marques Mendonca R, Fulton T, Blackwood C, Costello D. Sublethal nickel toxicity shuts off manganese oxidation and pellicle biofilm formation in Pseudomonas putida GB-1. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:3639-3654. [PMID: 37875338 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
In sediments, the bioavailability and toxicity of Ni are strongly influenced by its sorption to manganese (Mn) oxides, which largely originate from the redox metabolism of microbes. However, microbes are concurrently susceptible to the toxic effects of Ni, which establishes complex interactions between toxicity and redox processes. This study measured the effect of Ni on growth, pellicle biofilm formation and oxidation of the Mn-oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas putida GB-1. In liquid media, Ni exposure decreased the intrinsic growth rate but allowed growth to the stationary phase in all intermediate treatments. Manganese oxidation was 67% less than control for bacteria exposed to 5 μM Ni and completely ceased in all treatments above 50 μM. Pellicle biofilm development decreased exponentially with Ni concentration (maximum 92% reduction) and was replaced by planktonic growth in higher Ni treatments. In solid media assays, growth was unaffected by Ni exposure, but Mn oxidation completely ceased in treatments above 10 μM of Ni. Our results show that sublethal Ni concentrations substantially alter Mn oxidation rates and pellicle biofilm development in P. putida GB-1, which has implications for toxic metal bioavailability to the entire benthic community and the environmental consequences of metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taylor Fulton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher Blackwood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - David Costello
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
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3
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Aerts JW, Sarbu SM, Brad T, Ehrenfreund P, Westerhoff HV. Microbial Ecosystems in Movile Cave: An Environment of Extreme Life. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2120. [PMID: 38004260 PMCID: PMC10672346 DOI: 10.3390/life13112120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Movile Cave, situated in Romania close to the Black Sea, constitutes a distinct and challenging environment for life. Its partially submerged ecosystem depends on chemolithotrophic processes for its energetics, which are fed by a continuous hypogenic inflow of mesothermal waters rich in reduced chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide and methane. We sampled a variety of cave sublocations over the course of three years. Furthermore, in a microcosm experiment, minerals were incubated in the cave waters for one year. Both endemic cave samples and extracts from the minerals were subjected to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The sequence data show specific community profiles in the different subenvironments, indicating that specialized prokaryotic communities inhabit the different zones in the cave. Already after one year, the different incubated minerals had been colonized by specific microbial communities, indicating that microbes in Movile Cave can adapt in a relatively short timescale to environmental opportunities in terms of energy and nutrients. Life can thrive, diversify and adapt in remote and isolated subterranean environments such as Movile Cave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost W. Aerts
- Molecular Cell Biology, A-LIFE, 01-E-57, Faculty of Science, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorstraat 3, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Serban M. Sarbu
- “Emil Racoviţă” Institute of Speleology, Str. Frumoasă 31, 010986 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Chico, CA 95929, USA
| | - Traian Brad
- “Emil Racoviţă” Institute of Speleology, Clinicilor 5-7, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Pascale Ehrenfreund
- Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, 2333 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Space Policy Institute, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Hans V. Westerhoff
- Molecular Cell Biology, A-LIFE, 01-E-57, Faculty of Science, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorstraat 3, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
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4
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Aiken M, Ying SC. Small Community Water Systems Have the Highest Prevalence of Mn in Drinking Water in California, USA. ACS ES&T WATER 2023; 3:2168-2178. [PMID: 37588804 PMCID: PMC10425977 DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.3c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is currently regulated as a secondary contaminant in California, USA; however, recent revisions of the World Health Organization drinking water guidelines have increased regulatory attention of Mn in drinking water due to increasing reports of neurotoxic effects in infants and children. In this study, Mn concentrations reported to California's Safe Drinking Water Information System were used to estimate the potentially exposed population within California based on system size. We estimate that between 2011 and 2021, over 525,000 users in areas with reported Mn data are potentially exposed to Mn concentrations exceeding the WHO health-based guideline (80 μg L-1), and over 34,000 users are potentially exposed to Mn concentrations exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency health-advisory limit (300 μg L-1). Water treatment significantly decreased Mn concentrations compared to intake concentrations for all system sizes. However, smaller water systems have a wider range and a higher skew of Mn concentrations in finished water than larger systems. Additionally, higher Mn concentrations were found in systems above the maximum contaminant levels for chromium and arsenic. The treatment of these primary contaminants appears to also remove Mn. Lastly, data missingness remains a barrier to accurately assess public exposure to Mn in very small, small, and medium community water system-delivered water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda
L. Aiken
- School
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Schmid College of Science and
Technology, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Samantha C. Ying
- Schmid
College of Science and Technology, Chapman
University, Orange, California 92866, United States
- Environmental
Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Planetary
Health Center, University of California
Global Health Institute, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States
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5
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Birnbaum C, Wood J, Lilleskov E, Lamit LJ, Shannon J, Brewer M, Grover S. Degradation Reduces Microbial Richness and Alters Microbial Functions in an Australian Peatland. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:875-891. [PMID: 35867139 PMCID: PMC10156627 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02071-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Peatland ecosystems cover only 3% of the world's land area; however, they store one-third of the global soil carbon (C). Microbial communities are the main drivers of C decomposition in peatlands, yet we have limited knowledge of their structure and function. While the microbial communities in the Northern Hemisphere peatlands are well documented, we have limited understanding of microbial community composition and function in the Southern Hemisphere peatlands, especially in Australia. We investigated the vertical stratification of prokaryote and fungal communities from Wellington Plains peatland in the Australian Alps. Within the peatland complex, bog peat was sampled from the intact peatland and dried peat from the degraded peatland along a vertical soil depth gradient (i.e., acrotelm, mesotelm, and catotelm). We analyzed the prokaryote and fungal community structure, predicted functional profiles of prokaryotes using PICRUSt, and assigned soil fungal guilds using FUNGuild. We found that the structure and function of prokaryotes were vertically stratified in the intact bog. Soil carbon, manganese, nitrogen, lead, and sodium content best explained the prokaryote composition. Prokaryote richness was significantly higher in the intact bog acrotelm compared to degraded bog acrotelm. Fungal composition remained similar across the soil depth gradient; however, there was a considerable increase in saprotroph abundance and decrease in endophyte abundance along the vertical soil depth gradient. The abundance of saprotrophs and plant pathogens was two-fold higher in the degraded bog acrotelm. Soil manganese and nitrogen content, electrical conductivity, and water table level (cm) best explained the fungal composition. Our results demonstrate that both fungal and prokaryote communities are shaped by soil abiotic factors and that peatland degradation reduces microbial richness and alters microbial functions. Thus, current and future changes to the environmental conditions in these peatlands may lead to altered microbial community structures and associated functions which may have implications for broader ecosystem function changes in peatlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Birnbaum
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia.
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science & Built Environment, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia.
- School of Agriculture and Environmental Science, The University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Wood
- Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Science Drive, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Erik Lilleskov
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Louis James Lamit
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - James Shannon
- Research Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology, Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Matthew Brewer
- Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Science Drive, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Samantha Grover
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
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6
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Aiken M, Pace CE, Ramachandran M, Schwabe KA, Ajami H, Link BG, Ying SC. Disparities in Drinking Water Manganese Concentrations in Domestic Wells and Community Water Systems in the Central Valley, CA, USA. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:1987-1996. [PMID: 36696271 PMCID: PMC9910038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Over 1.3 million Californians rely on unmonitored domestic wells. Existing probability estimates of groundwater Mn concentrations, population estimates, and sociodemographic data were integrated with spatial data delineating domestic well communities (DWCs) to predict the probability of high Mn concentrations in extracted groundwater within DWCs in California's Central Valley. Additional Mn concentration data of water delivered by community water systems (CWSs) were used to estimate Mn in public water supply. We estimate that 0.4% of the DWC population (2342 users) rely on groundwater with predicted Mn > 300 μg L-1. In CWSs, 2.4% of the population (904 users) served by small CWSs and 0.4% of the population (3072 users) served by medium CWS relied on drinking water with mean point-of-entry Mn concentration >300 μg L-1. Small CWSs were less likely to report Mn concentrations relative to large CWSs, yet a higher percentage of small CWSs exceed regulatory standards relative to larger systems. Modeled calculations do not reveal differences in estimated Mn concentration between groundwater from current regional domestic well depth and 33 m deeper. These analyses demonstrate the need for additional well-monitoring programs that evaluate Mn and increased access to point-of-use treatment for domestic well users disproportionately burdened by associated costs of water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda
L. Aiken
- Environmental
Toxicology Graduate Program, University
of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Schmid
College of Science and Technology, Chapman
University, Orange, CA 92866, United
States
| | - Clare E. Pace
- Environmental
Science, Policy, and Management, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
| | - Maithili Ramachandran
- School
of Public Policy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Kurt A. Schwabe
- School
of Public Policy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Hoori Ajami
- Environmental
Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Bruce G. Link
- School
of Public Policy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Samantha C. Ying
- Environmental
Toxicology Graduate Program, University
of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Environmental
Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Health
Disparities Research Center, University
of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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7
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Huang L, Liu X, Rensing C, Yuan Y, Zhou S, Nealson KH. Light-independent anaerobic microbial oxidation of manganese driven by an electrosyntrophic coculture. THE ISME JOURNAL 2023; 17:163-171. [PMID: 36261509 PMCID: PMC9751303 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-022-01335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic microbial manganese oxidation (AMMO) has been considered an ancient biological metabolism for Mn element cycling on Archaean Earth before the presence of oxygen. A light-dependent AMMO was recently observed under strictly anoxic conditions, providing a new proxy for the interpretation of the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis. However, the feasibility of biotic Mn(II) oxidation in dark geological habitats that must have been abundant remains unknown. Therefore, we discovered that it would be possible to achieve AMMO in a light-independent electrosyntrophic coculture between Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Geobacter metallireducens. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed insoluble particle formation in the coculture with Mn(II) addition. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis verified that these particles were a mixture of MnO2 and Mn3O4. The absence of Mn oxides in either of the monocultures indicated that the Mn(II)-oxidizing activity was induced via electrosyntrophic interactions. Radical quenching and isotopic experiments demonstrated that hydroxyl radicals (•OH) produced from H2O dissociation by R. palustris in the coculture contributed to Mn(II) oxidation. All these findings suggest a new, symbiosis-dependent and light-independent AMMO route, with potential importance to the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis and the biogeochemical cycling of manganese on Archaean and modern Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kenneth H Nealson
- Department of Earth Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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8
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Binet S, Charlier JB, Jozja N, Défarge C, Moquet JS. Evidence of long term biogeochemical interactions in carbonate weathering: The role of planktonic microorganisms and riverine bivalves in a large fluviokarst system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156823. [PMID: 35738376 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The infiltration of organic-rich surface waters towards groundwaters, is known to play a significant role in carbonate weathering and in contributing to the atmospheric continental carbon sink. This paper investigated biogeochemical interactions in karst critical zones, with strong surface water /groundwater interactions, and in particular the role of planktonic microorganisms and riverine bivalves through the analysis of particulate organic matter (OM) oxidation on carbonate weathering. In the large Val d'Orléans fluviokarst aquifer (France), a 20-year monthly dataset of Nitrates, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), dissolved inorganic and organic Carbon (DIC and DOC) fluxes was gathered. The surface water-groundwater comparison of geochemical trends showed that planktonic microorganisms had drastically decreased in surface waters, related to the proliferation of Corbicula bivalves spreading and a decrease in nutrients. This decrease in planktonic microorganisms was followed by a DO increase and an DIC decrease at the karst resurgence. The degradation of planktonic microorganisms consumes DO and produces NO3, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and a proton that in turn, dissolves calcite and produces DIC. Without the input from planktonic microorganisms, the fluviokarst has lost 29 % of this nitrification and 12 % of the carbonate dissolution capacities. Thus, the oxidation of particulate organic matter of planktonic microorganisms, which is part of heterotrophic respiration, appears to be a significant source of the inorganic carbon flux in riverine ecosystems. This shows how weathering can remain active under waters saturated versus calcite and suggests that the oxidation of organic matter can be a more appropriate mechanism than autotrophic respiration to explain the relationship between global warming and DIC flux change in rivers. Through the consumption of plankton, the animal life in rivers thus influences the inorganic carbon in groundwaters, creating a negative feedback in the carbon cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Binet
- University of Orléans - INSU/CNRS - BRGM, UMR 7327, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), 1A rue de la Férollerie, F-45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Charlier
- BRGM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France; G-eau, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, AgroParisTech, Supagro, BRGM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nevila Jozja
- University of Orléans, CETRAHE, 8 rue Léonard de Vinci, F-45072 Orléans cédex 2, France
| | - Christian Défarge
- University of Orléans - INSU/CNRS - BRGM, UMR 7327, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), 1A rue de la Férollerie, F-45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France; University of Orléans, CETRAHE, 8 rue Léonard de Vinci, F-45072 Orléans cédex 2, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Moquet
- University of Orléans - INSU/CNRS - BRGM, UMR 7327, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), 1A rue de la Férollerie, F-45071 Orléans Cedex 2, France
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9
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Wang M, Xu Z, Huang Y, Dong B. Static magnetic field enhances Cladosporium sp. XM01 growth and fungal Mn(II) oxidation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129332. [PMID: 35752045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fungal Mn oxidation is a crucial pathway in the biogeochemical cycling of toxic substances. However, few studies have aimed to promote the process of fungal Mn oxidation or systematically establish the mechanism of action. The effects of static magnetic field (SMF) treatment on the growth and Mn(II) oxidation capability of an Mn-oxidizing fungus, Cladosporium sp. XM01, were investigated. Results showed that 20.1 mT SMF treatment promoted the growth of strain XM01, and increased the Mn(II) removal rate by accelerating the adsorption and oxidation of Mn(II). In addition, the results of RNA sequencing suggested that SMF mainly stimulated energy metabolism and protein synthesis, accelerating the growth of strain XM01. Notably, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis found that SMF treatment significantly up-regulated the pathway of oxidative phosphorylation system, which is capable of stimulating the generation of superoxide (O2•-). Moreover, exposure to 20.1 mT SMF significantly promoted the activities of antioxidant enzymes including SOD and CAT. These results indicate that SMF treatment stimulates the generation of O2•- by strain XM01, and therefore, accelerates Mn(II) oxidation. This is a novel study using external SMF treatment to enhance fungal Mn(II) oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Zuxin Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yangrui Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Bin Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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10
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Hayles S, Al T, Cornett J, Harrison A, Zhao J. Growth rates for freshwater ferromanganese concretions indicate regional climate change in eastern Canada at the Northgrippian-Meghalayan boundary. THE HOLOCENE 2021; 31:1250-1263. [PMID: 34267424 PMCID: PMC8243233 DOI: 10.1177/09596836211011652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The existence of freshwater ferromanganese concretions has been known for decades, but we are not aware of a generally accepted explanation for their formation, and there has been little research into their potential use as records of Holocene climate and paleohydrology. A conceptual model is presented to describe the environmental and geochemical processes which result in the formation and growth of freshwater ferromanganese concretions. In order to evaluate their potential as historical geochemical records, a concretion from Magaguadavic Lake, New Brunswick, Canada is the focus of a detailed geochronological and geochemical investigation. The radiocarbon data provide a coherent growth curve and a maximum age for the concretion of 8448 ± 43 years, consistent with the establishment of Magaguadavic Lake as a stable post-glacial lacustrine system. The data suggest accretion rates of 1.5 and 3.4 mm per 1000 years during the Northgrippian and Meghalayan stages of the Holocene, respectively. The abrupt change in growth rate observed at the stage boundary may be an indicator of Holocene climate change. These features are consistent with inferences from previous research that warmer climate in the Northgrippian led to eutrophication in some lakes in eastern North America. The results confirm that freshwater Fe-Mn concretions may yield important information about past climatic and environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Hayles
- Department of Earth Sciences,
Advanced Research Complex, University of Ottawa
| | - Tom Al
- Department of Earth Sciences,
Advanced Research Complex, University of Ottawa
| | - Jack Cornett
- Department of Earth Sciences,
Advanced Research Complex, University of Ottawa
| | - Alex Harrison
- Department of Earth Sciences,
Advanced Research Complex, University of Ottawa
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LaRowe DE, Carlson HK, Amend JP. The Energetic Potential for Undiscovered Manganese Metabolisms in Nature. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:636145. [PMID: 34177823 PMCID: PMC8220133 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.636145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are found in nearly every surface and near-surface environment, where they gain energy by catalyzing reactions among a wide variety of chemical compounds. The discovery of new catabolic strategies and microbial habitats can therefore be guided by determining which redox reactions can supply energy under environmentally-relevant conditions. In this study, we have explored the thermodynamic potential of redox reactions involving manganese, one of the most abundant transition metals in the Earth's crust. In particular, we have assessed the Gibbs energies of comproportionation and disproportionation reactions involving Mn2+ and several Mn-bearing oxide and oxyhydroxide minerals containing Mn in the +II, +III, and +IV oxidation states as a function of temperature (0-100°C) and pH (1-13). In addition, we also calculated the energetic potential of Mn2+ oxidation coupled to O2, NO2 -, NO3 -, and FeOOH. Results show that these reactions-none of which, except O2 + Mn2+, are known catabolisms-can provide energy to microorganisms, particularly at higher pH values and temperatures. Comproportionation between Mn2+ and pyrolusite, for example, can yield 10 s of kJ (mol Mn)-1. Disproportionation of Mn3+ can yield more than 100 kJ (mol Mn)-1 at conditions relevant to natural settings such as sediments, ferromanganese nodules and crusts, bioreactors and suboxic portions of the water column. Of the Mn2+ oxidation reactions, the one with nitrite as the electron acceptor is most energy yielding under most combinations of pH and temperature. We posit that several Mn redox reactions represent heretofore unknown microbial metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E LaRowe
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Harold K Carlson
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jan P Amend
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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12
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Dissimilatory Iron-Reducing Microorganisms Are Present and Active in the Sediments of the Doce River and Tributaries Impacted by Iron Mine Tailings from the Collapsed Fundão Dam (Mariana, MG, Brazil). MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11030244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
On 5 November 2015, a large tailing deposit failed in Brazil, releasing an estimated 32.6 to 62 million m3 of iron mining tailings into the environment. Tailings from the Fundão Dam flowed down through the Gualaxo do Norte and Carmo riverbeds and floodplains and reached the Doce River. Since then, bottom sediments have become enriched in Fe(III) oxyhydroxides. Dissimilatory iron-reducing microorganisms (DIRMs) are anaerobes able to couple organic matter oxidation to Fe(III) reduction, producing CO2 and Fe(II), which can precipitate as magnetite (FeO·Fe2O3) and other Fe(II) minerals. In this work, we investigated the presence of DIRMs in affected and non-affected bottom sediments of the Gualaxo do Norte and Doce Rivers. The increase in Fe(II) concentrations in culture media over time indicated the presence of Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms in all sediments tested, which could reduce Fe(III) from both tailings and amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide. Half of our enrichment cultures converted amorphous Fe(III) oxyhydroxide into magnetite, which was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetic measurements. The conversion of solid Fe(III) phases to soluble Fe(II) and/or magnetite is characteristic of DIRM cultures. The presence of DIRMs in the sediments of the Doce River and tributaries points to the possibility of reductive dissolution of goethite (α-FeOOH) and/or hematite (α-Fe2O3) from sediments, along with the consumption of organics, release of trace elements, and impairment of water quality.
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13
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Fuchida S, Suzuki K, Kato T, Kadokura M, Tokoro C. Understanding the biogeochemical mechanisms of metal removal from acid mine drainage with a subsurface limestone bed at the Motokura Mine, Japan. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20889. [PMID: 33262427 PMCID: PMC7708634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Subsurface limestone beds (SLBs) are used as a passive treatment technique to remove toxic metals from acid mine drainage (AMD). In this study, we investigated the mechanisms and thermodynamics of metal (manganese, copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead) precipitation in the SLB installed at the Motokura Mine. Field surveys in 2017 and 2018 showed that the pH of the SLB influent (initially 5-6) increased to approximately 8 in the drain between 24 and 45 m from the inlet. This increase was caused by limestone dissolution and resulted in the precipitation of hydroxides and/or carbonates of copper, zinc, and lead, as expected from theoretical calculations. Manganese and cadmium were removed within a pH range of approximately 7-8, which was lower than the pH at which they normally precipitate as hydroxides (pH 9-10). X-ray absorption near-edge structure analysis of the sediment indicated that δ-MnO2, which has a high cation-exchange capacity, was the predominant tetravalent manganese compound in the SLB rather than trivalent compound (MnOOH). Biological analysis indicates that microorganism activity of the manganese-oxidizing bacteria in the SLB provided an opportunity for δ-MnO2 formation, after which cadmium was removed by surface complexation with MnO2 (≡ MnOH0 + Cd2+ ⇄ ≡ MnOCd+ + H+). These findings show that biological agents contributed to the precipitation of manganese and cadmium in the SLB, and suggest that their utilization could enhance the removal performance of the SLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeshi Fuchida
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kohei Suzuki
- Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kadokura
- Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tokoro
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan.
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14
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Symbiotic cooperation between freshwater rock-boring bivalves and microorganisms promotes silicate bioerosion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13385. [PMID: 32770130 PMCID: PMC7415154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioerosion is a process with a high socio-economic impact that contributes to coastal retreat, and likely to increase with climate change. Whereas limestone bioerosion is well explained by a combination of mechanical and chemical pathways, the bioerosion mechanisms of silicates, which are harder and chemically more resistant, remain elusive. Here we investigated the interface between siltstone and freshwater rock-boring bivalves Lignopholas fluminalis (Bivalvia: Pholadidae). Remains of a microbial biofilm were observed only in the poorly consolidated part of the rock within the macroborings created by bivalves. Secondary Mn-bearing minerals identified in the biofilm suggest that microbes promoted silicate rock weathering by dissolving Mn-rich chlorites. Moreover, hard mineral debris found in a biofilm attached to the shells likely contributed to the abrasion of the rock substrate. Thus, beyond the classical view of chemical and/or mechanical action(s) of macroborers, silicate bioerosion may also be facilitated by an unexpected synergistic association between macro- and microorganisms.
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15
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Physiological Profiling and Functional Diversity of Groundwater Microbial Communities in a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Area. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11122624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The disposal of municipal solid wastes in landfills represents a major threat for aquifer environments at the global scale. The aim of this study was to explore how groundwater geochemical characteristics can influence the microbial community functioning and the potential degradation patterns of selected organic substrates in response to different levels of landfill-induced alterations. Groundwaters collected from a landfill area were monitored by assessing major physical-chemical parameters and the microbiological contamination levels (total coliforms and fecal indicators—Colilert-18). The aquatic microbial community was further characterized by flow cytometry and Biolog EcoPlatesTM assay. Three groundwater conditions (i.e., pristine, mixed, and altered) were identified according to their distinct geochemical profiles. The altered groundwaters showed relatively higher values of organic matter concentration and total cell counts, along with the presence of fecal indicator bacteria, in comparison to samples from pristine and mixed conditions. The kinetic profiles of the Biolog substrate degradation showed that the microbial community thriving in altered conditions was relatively more efficient in metabolizing a larger number of organic substrates, including those with complex molecular structures. We concluded that the assessment of physiological profiling and functional diversity at the microbial community level could represent a supportive tool to understand the potential consequences of the organic contamination of impacted aquifers, thus complementing the current strategies for groundwater management.
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16
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Bai Y, Hu W, Jian Z, Qi W, Chang Y, Huo Y, Liao K, Qu J. Combining KMnO4 pre-oxidation and bioaugmented sand filtration to simultaneously treat cyanobacterial bloom lake water and released Mn(II). Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Coprecipitation of Co2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ with Mn(III/IV) Oxides Formed in Metal-Rich Mine Waters. MINERALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/min9040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Manganese oxides are widespread in soils and natural waters, and their capacity to adsorb different trace metals such as Co, Ni, or Zn is well known. In this study, we aimed to compare the extent of trace metal coprecipitation in different Mn oxides formed during Mn(II) oxidation in highly concentrated, metal-rich mine waters. For this purpose, mine water samples collected from the deepest part of several acidic pit lakes in Spain (pH 2.7–4.2), with very high concentration of manganese (358–892 mg/L Mn) and trace metals (e.g., 795–10,394 µg/L Ni, 678–11,081 µg/L Co, 259–624 mg/L Zn), were neutralized to pH 8.0 in the laboratory and later used for Mn(II) oxidation experiments. These waters were subsequently allowed to oxidize at room temperature and pH = 8.5–9.0 over several weeks until Mn(II) was totally oxidized and a dense layer of manganese precipitates had been formed. These solids were characterized by different techniques for investigating the mineral phases formed and the amount of coprecipitated trace metals. All Mn oxides were fine-grained and poorly crystalline. Evidence from X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled to Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) suggests the formation of different manganese oxides with varying oxidation state ranging from Mn(III) (e.g., manganite) and Mn(III/IV) (e.g., birnessite, todorokite) to Mn(IV) (e.g., asbolane). Whole-precipitate analyses by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), and/or Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), provided important concentrations of trace metals in birnessite (e.g., up to 1424 ppm Co, 814 ppm Ni, and 2713 ppm Zn), while Co and Ni concentrations at weight percent units were detected in asbolane by SEM-EDX. This trace metal retention capacity is lower than that observed in natural Mn oxides (e.g., birnessite) formed in the water column in a circum-neutral pit lake (pH 7.0–8.0), or in desautelsite obtained in previous neutralization experiments (pH 9.0–10.0). However, given the very high amount of Mn sorbent material formed in the solutions (2.8–4.6 g/L Mn oxide), the formation of these Mn(III/IV) oxides invariably led to the virtually total removal of Co, Ni, and Zn from the aqueous phase. We evaluate these data in the context of mine water pollution treatment and recovery of critical metals.
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18
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Zhao X, Wang X, Liu B, Xie G, Xing D. Characterization of manganese oxidation by Brevibacillus at different ecological conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 205:553-558. [PMID: 29709806 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial Mn(II) oxidation plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of manganese and many trace metals. This study describes Mn(II) oxidation by two isolated manganese (Mn)-oxidizing strains that were identified and assigned as Brevibacillus brevis MO1 and Brevibacillus parabrevis MO2 based on physiochemical and phylogenetic characterizations. The ecological conditions influenced Mn(II) oxidation by both strains. Mn(II) stimulated the growth of strain MO2 while slightly inhibiting strain MO1. Mn(II)-oxidizing activity of two strains was enhanced with increase of initial pH, and maximum Mn(II)-oxidizing activity occurred at pH 8 for both strains (93.5%-94.0%). Brevibacillus showed the capability of mesophilic and psychrophilic Mn(II) oxidation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the biogenic manganese oxides had an intermediate valence between 3 and 4. These results demonstrated that Brevibacillus, which is capable of oxidizing dissolved Mn(II), will be a suitable strain for exploring the mechanism of manganese oxidation in engineered and natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Xiuheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Bingfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Guojun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Defeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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19
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Greenstein KE, Lew J, Dickenson ERV, Wert EC. Investigation of biotransformation, sorption, and desorption of multiple chemical contaminants in pilot-scale drinking water biofilters. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 200:248-256. [PMID: 29494905 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The evolving demands of drinking water treatment necessitate processes capable of removing a diverse suite of contaminants. Biofiltration can employ biotransformation and sorption to remove various classes of chemicals from water. Here, pilot-scale virgin anthracite-sand and previously used biological activated carbon (BAC)-sand dual media filters were operated for ∼250 days to assess removals of 0.4 mg/L ammonia as nitrogen, 50-140 μg/L manganese, and ∼100 ng/L each of trace organic compounds (TOrCs) spiked into pre-ozonated Colorado River water. Anthracite achieved complete nitrification within 200 days and started removing ibuprofen at 85 days. Limited manganese (10%) removal occurred. In contrast, BAC completely nitrified ammonia within 113 days, removed all manganese at 43 days, and exhibited steady state removal of most TOrCs by 140 days. However, during the first 140 days, removal of caffeine, DEET, gemfibrozil, naproxen, and trimethoprim decreased, suggesting a shift from sorption to biotransformation. Acetaminophen and sulfamethoxazole were removed at consistent levels, with complete removal of acetaminophen achieved throughout the study; ibuprofen removal increased with time. When subjected to elevated (1 μg/L) concentrations of TOrCs, BAC removed larger masses of chemicals; with a subsequent decrease and ultimate cease in the TOrCs spike, caffeine, DEET, gemfibrozil, and trimethoprim notably desorbed. By the end of operation, anthracite and BAC exhibited equivalent quantities of biomass measured as adenosine triphosphate, but BAC harbored greater microbial diversity (examined with 16S rRNA sequencing). Improved insight was gained regarding concurrent biotransformation, sorption, and desorption of multiple organic and inorganic contaminants in pilot-scale drinking water biofilters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Greenstein
- Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, United States
| | - Julia Lew
- Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, United States
| | - Eric R V Dickenson
- Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, United States
| | - Eric C Wert
- Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA), P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, United States.
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20
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Sathe SS, Mahanta C, Mishra P. Simultaneous influence of indigenous microorganism along with abiotic factors controlling arsenic mobilization in Brahmaputra floodplain, India. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2018; 213:1-14. [PMID: 29598853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the dynamic cycling of oxic and anoxic aqueous alluvial aquifer environments, varying Arsenic (As) concentrations are controlled by both abiotic and biotic factors. Studies have shown a significant form of toxic As (III) being released through the reductive dissolution of iron-oxy/hydroxide minerals and microbial reduction mechanisms, which leads to a serious health concern. The present study was performed in order to assess the abiotic and biotic factors influencing As release into the alluvial aquifer groundwater in Brahmaputra floodplain, India. The groundwater chemistry, characterization of the sediments, isolation, identification and characterization of prominent As releasing indigenous bacterium were conducted. The measured solid and liquid phases of total As concentration were ranged between 0.02 and 17.2 mg kg-1 and 8 to 353 μg L-1, respectively. The morphology and mineralogy showed the presence of detrital and authigenic mineral assemblages whereas primary and secondary As bearing Realgar and Claudetite minerals were identified, respectively. Furthermore, significant non-labile As fraction was found associated with the amorphous oxides of Fe, Mn and Al. The observed groundwater chemistry and sediment color, deduced a sub-oxic reducing aquifer conditions in As-contaminated regions. In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing results of the isolated bacterium showed the prominent Pseudomonas aeruginosa responsible for the mobilization of As, reducing condition, biomineralization and causing grey color to the sediments at the shallower and deeper aquifers in the study area. These findings suggest that microbial metabolic activities are equally responsible in iron-oxy/hydroxide reductive dissolution, controlling As mobilization in dynamic fluvial flood plains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip S Sathe
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Chandan Mahanta
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Pushpanjali Mishra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Ramswaroop Memorial College of Engineering and Management, Lucknow 227105, Uttar Pradesh, India
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21
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He S, Barco RA, Emerson D, Roden EE. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Neutrophilic Iron(II) Oxidizer Genomes for Candidate Genes in Extracellular Electron Transfer. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1584. [PMID: 28871245 PMCID: PMC5566968 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular electron transfer (EET) is recognized as a key biochemical process in circumneutral pH Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB). In this study, we searched for candidate EET genes in 73 neutrophilic FeOB genomes, among which 43 genomes are complete or close-to-complete and the rest have estimated genome completeness ranging from 5 to 91%. These neutrophilic FeOB span members of the microaerophilic, anaerobic phototrophic, and anaerobic nitrate-reducing FeOB groups. We found that many microaerophilic and several anaerobic FeOB possess homologs of Cyc2, an outer membrane cytochrome c originally identified in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. The "porin-cytochrome c complex" (PCC) gene clusters homologous to MtoAB/PioAB are present in eight FeOB, accounting for 19% of complete and close-to-complete genomes examined, whereas PCC genes homologous to OmbB-OmaB-OmcB in Geobacter sulfurreducens are absent. Further, we discovered gene clusters that may potentially encode two novel PCC types. First, a cluster (tentatively named "PCC3") encodes a porin, an extracellular and a periplasmic cytochrome c with remarkably large numbers of heme-binding motifs. Second, a cluster (tentatively named "PCC4") encodes a porin and three periplasmic multiheme cytochromes c. A conserved inner membrane protein (IMP) encoded in PCC3 and PCC4 gene clusters might be responsible for translocating electrons across the inner membrane. Other bacteria possessing PCC3 and PCC4 are mostly Proteobacteria isolated from environments with a potential niche for Fe(II) oxidation. In addition to cytochrome c, multicopper oxidase (MCO) genes potentially involved in Fe(II) oxidation were also identified. Notably, candidate EET genes were not found in some FeOB, especially the anaerobic ones, probably suggesting EET genes or Fe(II) oxidation mechanisms are different from the searched models. Overall, based on current EET models, the search extends our understanding of bacterial EET and provides candidate genes for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomei He
- Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, United States.,NASA Astrobiology Institute, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, United States.,Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, United States
| | - Roman A Barco
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast Boothbay Harbor, ME, United States.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David Emerson
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast Boothbay Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Eric E Roden
- Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison, WI, United States.,NASA Astrobiology Institute, University of WisconsinMadison, WI, United States
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22
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Gillispie EC, Austin RE, Rivera NA, Bolich R, Duckworth OW, Bradley P, Amoozegar A, Hesterberg D, Polizzotto ML. Soil Weathering as an Engine for Manganese Contamination of Well Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:9963-9971. [PMID: 27570123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) contamination of well water is recognized as an environmental health concern. In the southeastern Piedmont region of the United States, well water Mn concentrations can be >2 orders of magnitude above health limits, but the specific sources and causes of elevated Mn in groundwater are generally unknown. Here, using field, laboratory, spectroscopic, and geospatial analyses, we propose that natural pedogenetic and hydrogeochemical processes couple to export Mn from the near-surface to fractured-bedrock aquifers within the Piedmont. Dissolved Mn concentrations are greatest just below the water table and decrease with depth. Solid-phase concentration, chemical extraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy data show that secondary Mn oxides accumulate near the water table within the chemically weathering saprolite, whereas less-reactive, primary Mn-bearing minerals dominate Mn speciation within the physically weathered transition zone and bedrock. Mass-balance calculations indicate soil weathering has depleted over 40% of the original solid-phase Mn from the near-surface, and hydrologic gradients provide a driving force for downward delivery of Mn. Overall, we estimate that >1 million people in the southeastern Piedmont consume well water containing Mn at concentrations exceeding recommended standards, and collectively, these results suggest that integrated soil-bedrock-system analyses are needed to predict and manage Mn in drinking-water wells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Gillispie
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University , 101 Derieux St, Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, North Carolina 26795, United States
| | - Robert E Austin
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University , 101 Derieux St, Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, North Carolina 26795, United States
| | - Nelson A Rivera
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University , 101 Derieux St, Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, North Carolina 26795, United States
| | - Rick Bolich
- North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality - Division of Water Resources, 3800 Barrett Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27609, United States
| | - Owen W Duckworth
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University , 101 Derieux St, Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, North Carolina 26795, United States
| | - Phil Bradley
- Norh Carolina Geological Survey, 512 North Salisbury Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27604, United States
| | - Aziz Amoozegar
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University , 101 Derieux St, Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, North Carolina 26795, United States
| | - Dean Hesterberg
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University , 101 Derieux St, Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, North Carolina 26795, United States
| | - Matthew L Polizzotto
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University , 101 Derieux St, Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, North Carolina 26795, United States
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23
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Lissner H, Wehrer M, Reinicke M, Horváth N, Totsche KU. Constraints of propylene glycol degradation at low temperatures and saturated flow conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:3158-3174. [PMID: 25239107 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
During snowmelt, the infiltration of large amounts of propylene glycol (PG), the major compound of many aircraft deicing fluids, affects redox processes and poses a contamination risk for the groundwater. To gain a better understanding about the degradation of PG and the associated biogeochemical processes under these conditions, we conducted saturated soil column experiments at 4 °C. During two successive PG pulses, we monitored the effect of the runway deicer formate (FO) and changing redox conditions on PG degradation. Furthermore, we applied first-order and simplified Monod kinetics to describe PG and FO transport. The transport of 50 mg l(-1) PG showed three stages of microbial degradation, which were defined as lag phase, aerobic phase, and anaerobic phase. During the second pulse, lag effects diminished due to the already accomplished microbial adaption, and the initial degradation rate of PG increased. Degradation of PG was most efficient during aerobic conditions (aerobic phase), while the subsequent drop of the redox potential down to -300 mV decreased the degradation rate (anaerobic phase). Formate addition decreased the overall degradation of PG by 50 and 15 % during the first and second pulse, illustrating the inhibitory effect of FO on PG degradation. The concurrent increase of Fe(III), organic carbon, and the turbidity in the column effluent after PG and FO application suggest the combined export of Fe adsorbed to fragments of detached biofilm. Neither the first-order nor the simplified Monod model was able to reconstruct the dynamic breakthrough of 50 mg l(-1) PG. The breakthrough of 1,000 mg l(-1), however, was described reasonably well with first-order kinetics. At low temperature and high water saturation, the application of first-order degradation kinetics seems therefore appropriate to describe the transport of high concentrations of PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Lissner
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Burgweg 11, 07749, Jena, Germany,
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Bruins JH, Petrusevski B, Slokar YM, Huysman K, Joris K, Kruithof JC, Kennedy MD. Biological and physico-chemical formation of Birnessite during the ripening of manganese removal filters. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 69:154-161. [PMID: 25463936 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of manganese removal in conventional groundwater treatment consisting of aeration followed by rapid sand filtration, strongly depends on the ability of filter media to promote auto-catalytic adsorption of dissolved manganese and its subsequent oxidation. Earlier studies have shown that the compound responsible for the auto-catalytic activity in ripened filters is a manganese oxide called Birnessite. The aim of this study was to determine if the ripening of manganese removal filters and the formation of Birnessite on virgin sand is initiated biologically or physico-chemically. The ripening of virgin filter media in a pilot filter column fed by pre-treated manganese containing groundwater was studied for approximately 600 days. Samples of filter media were taken at regular time intervals, and the manganese oxides formed in the coating were analysed by Raman spectroscopy, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). From the EPR analyses, it was established that the formation of Birnessite was most likely initiated via biological activity. With the progress of filter ripening and development of the coating, Birnessite formation became predominantly physico-chemical, although biological manganese oxidation continued to contribute to the overall manganese removal. The knowledge that manganese removal in conventional groundwater treatment is initiated biologically could be of help in reducing typically long ripening times by creating conditions that are favourable for the growth of manganese oxidizing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jantinus H Bruins
- WLN, Rijksstraatweg 85, 9756 AD, Glimmen, The Netherlands; UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX, Delft, The Netherlands; Technical University Delft, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Branislav Petrusevski
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yness M Slokar
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Huysman
- Pidpa Department of Process Technology and Water Quality, Desguinlei 246, 2018 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Koen Joris
- Pidpa Department of Process Technology and Water Quality, Desguinlei 246, 2018 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joop C Kruithof
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX, Delft, The Netherlands; Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria D Kennedy
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611 AX, Delft, The Netherlands; Technical University Delft, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN, Delft, The Netherlands
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Yu W, Campos L, Shi T, Li G, Graham N. Enhanced removal of manganese in organic-rich surface water by combined sodium hypochlorite and potassium permanganate during drinking water treatment. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01643f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination of KMnO4and NaClO is beneficial and synergistic for removing Mn2+in water with high concentration of organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Imperial College London
- South Kensington Campus
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
| | - Luiza Campos
- Department of Civil
- Environmental and Geomatic Engineering
- University College London
- London WC1E 6BT
- UK
| | - Tong Shi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Zhejiang Gongshang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE)
- School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- China
| | - Nigel Graham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Imperial College London
- South Kensington Campus
- London SW7 2AZ
- UK
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Wang Z, Giammar DE. Metal Contaminant Oxidation Mediated by Manganese Redox Cycling in Subsurface Environment. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2015-1197.ch002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Daniel E. Giammar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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Li Y, Guo H, Hao C. Arsenic release from shallow aquifers of the Hetao basin, Inner Mongolia: evidence from bacterial community in aquifer sediments and groundwater. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:1900-1914. [PMID: 25139033 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Indigenous microbes play crucial roles in arsenic mobilization in high arsenic groundwater systems. Databases concerning the presence and the activity of microbial communities are very useful in evaluating the potential of microbe-mediated arsenic mobilization in shallow aquifers hosting high arsenic groundwater. This study characterized microbial communities in groundwaters at different depths with different arsenic concentrations by DGGE and one sediment by 16S rRNA gene clone library, and evaluated arsenic mobilization in microcosm batches with the presence of indigenous bacteria. DGGE fingerprints revealed that the community structure changed substantially with depth at the same location. It indicated that a relatively higher bacterial diversity was present in the groundwater sample with lower arsenic concentration. Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene demonstrated that the sediment bacteria mainly belonged to Pseudomonas, Dietzia and Rhodococcus, which have been widely found in aquifer systems. Additionally, NO3(-)-reducing bacteria Pseudomonas sp. was the largest group, followed by Fe(III)-reducing, SO4(2-)-reducing and As(V)-reducing bacteria in the sediment sample. These anaerobic bacteria used the specific oxyanions as electron acceptor and played a significant role in reductive dissolution of Fe oxide minerals, reduction of As(V), and release of arsenic from sediments into groundwater. Microcosm experiments, using intact aquifer sediments, showed that arsenic release and Fe(III) reduction were microbially mediated in the presence of indigenous bacteria. High arsenic concentration was also observed in the batch without amendment of organic carbon, demonstrating that the natural organic matter in sediments was the potential electron donor for microbially mediated arsenic release from these aquifer sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
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Lorenz C, Merten D, Haferburg G, Kothe E, Büchel G. Geomicrobial Manganese Redox Reactions in Metal-Contaminated Soil Substrates. SOIL BIOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23327-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Sivaswamy V, Boyanov MI, Peyton BM, Viamajala S, Gerlach R, Apel WA, Sani RK, Dohnalkova A, Kemner KM, Borch T. Multiple mechanisms of uranium immobilization by Cellulomonas sp. strain ES6. Biotechnol Bioeng 2011; 108:264-76. [PMID: 20872821 DOI: 10.1002/bit.22956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Removal of hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) from aqueous solution was studied using a Gram-positive facultative anaerobe, Cellulomonas sp. strain ES6, under anaerobic, non-growth conditions in bicarbonate and PIPES buffers. Inorganic phosphate was released by cells during the experiments providing ligands for formation of insoluble U(VI) phosphates. Phosphate release was most probably the result of anaerobic hydrolysis of intracellular polyphosphates accumulated by ES6 during aerobic growth. Microbial reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) was also observed. However, the relative magnitudes of U(VI) removal by abiotic (phosphate-based) precipitation and microbial reduction depended on the buffer chemistry. In bicarbonate buffer, X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy showed that U in the solid phase was present primarily as a non-uraninite U(IV) phase, whereas in PIPES buffer, U precipitates consisted primarily of U(VI)-phosphate. In both bicarbonate and PIPES buffer, net release of cellular phosphate was measured to be lower than that observed in U-free controls suggesting simultaneous precipitation of U and PO₄³⁻. In PIPES, U(VI) phosphates formed a significant portion of U precipitates and mass balance estimates of U and P along with XAFS data corroborate this hypothesis. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) of samples from PIPES treatments indeed showed both extracellular and intracellular accumulation of U solids with nanometer sized lath structures that contained U and P. In bicarbonate, however, more phosphate was removed than required to stoichiometrically balance the U(VI)/U(IV) fraction determined by XAFS, suggesting that U(IV) precipitated together with phosphate in this system. When anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS), a known electron shuttle, was added to the experimental reactors, the dominant removal mechanism in both buffers was reduction to a non-uraninite U(IV) phase. Uranium immobilization by abiotic precipitation or microbial reduction has been extensively reported; however, the present work suggests that strain ES6 can remove U(VI) from solution simultaneously through precipitation with phosphate ligands and microbial reduction, depending on the environmental conditions. Cellulomonadaceae are environmentally relevant subsurface bacteria and here, for the first time, the presence of multiple U immobilization mechanisms within one organism is reported using Cellulomonas sp. strain ES6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaideeswaran Sivaswamy
- Center for Multiphase Environmental Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, USA
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Homoncik SC, Macdonald AM, Heal KV, Dochartaigh BEO, Ngwenya BT. Manganese concentrations in Scottish groundwater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2010; 408:2467-73. [PMID: 20219236 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is increasingly being used for public and private water supplies in Scotland, but there is growing evidence that manganese (Mn) concentrations in many groundwater supplies exceed the national drinking water limit of 0.05 mg l(-1). This study examines the extent and magnitude of high Mn concentrations in groundwater in Scotland and investigates the factors controlling Mn concentrations. A dataset containing 475 high quality groundwater samples was compiled using new data from Baseline Scotland supplemented with additional high quality data where available. Concentrations ranged up to 1.9 mg l(-1); median Mn concentration was 0.013 mg l(-1) with 25th and 75th percentiles 0.0014 and 0.072 mg l(-1) respectively. The Scottish drinking water limit (0.05 mg l(-1)) was exceeded for 30% of samples and the WHO health guideline (0.4 mg l(-1)) by 9%; concentrations were highest in the Carboniferous sedimentary aquifer in central Scotland, the Devonian sedimentary aquifer of Morayshire, and superficial aquifers. Further analysis using 137 samples from the Devonian aquifers indicated strong redox and pH controls (pH, Eh and dissolved oxygen accounted for 58% of variance in Mn concentrations). In addition, an independent relationship between Fe and Mn was observed, suggesting that Fe behaviour in groundwater may affect Mn solubility. Given the redox status and pH of Scottish groundwaters the most likely explanation is sorption of Mn to Fe oxides, which are released into solution when Fe is reduced. Since the occurrence of elevated Mn concentrations is widespread in groundwaters from all aquifer types, consideration should be given to monitoring Mn more widely in both public and private groundwater supplies in Scotland and by implication elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally C Homoncik
- MNV Consulting Ltd., Spinningdale (Formerly The University of Edinburgh/British Geological Survey), Stirling Road, Callander, Perthshire, FK17 8LE, UK
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31
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Wilhartitz IC, Kirschner AKT, Stadler H, Herndl GJ, Dietzel M, Latal C, Mach RL, Farnleitner AH. Heterotrophic prokaryotic production in ultraoligotrophic alpine karst aquifers and ecological implications. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2009; 68:287-99. [PMID: 19490127 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00679.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spring waters from alpine karst aquifers are important drinking water resources. To investigate in situ heterotrophic prokaryotic production and its controlling factors, two different alpine karst springs were studied over two annual cycles. Heterotrophic production in spring water, as determined by [(3)H]leucine incorporation, was extremely low ranging from 0.06 to 6.83 pmol C L(-1) h(-1) (DKAS1, dolomitic-karst-spring) and from 0.50 to 75.6 pmol C L(-1) h(-1) (LKAS2, limestone-karst-spring). Microautoradiography combined with catalyzed reporter deposition-FISH showed that only about 7% of the picoplankton community took up [(3)H]leucine, resulting in generation times of 3-684 days. Principal component analysis, applying hydrological, chemical and biological parameters demonstrated that planktonic heterotrophic production in LKAS2 was governed by the respective hydrological conditions, whereas variations in DKAS1 changed seemingly independent from discharge. Measurements in sediments recovered from LKAS2, DKAS1 and similar alpine karst aquifers (n=12) revealed a 10(6)-fold higher heterotrophic production (average 19 micromol C dm(-3) h(-1)) with significantly lower generation times as compared with the planktonic fraction, highlighting the potential of surface-associated communities to add to self-purification processes. Estimates of the microbially mediated CO(2) in this compartment indicated a possible contribution to karstification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés C Wilhartitz
- Department for Applied Biochemistry and Gene Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
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32
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Wilhartitz I, Mach RL, Teira E, Reinthaler T, Herndl GJ, Farnleitner AH. Prokaryotic community analysis with CARD-FISH in comparison with FISH in ultra-oligotrophic ground- and drinking water. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 103:871-81. [PMID: 17897189 PMCID: PMC3160464 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03319.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We compared the applicability of catalysed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH) and FISH to enumerate prokaryotic populations in ultra-oligotrophic alpine groundwaters and bottled mineral water METHODS AND RESULTS Fluorescent oligonucleotide probes EUB338 and EUB338mix (EUB338/EUB338-II/EUB338-III) were used to enumerate bacteria and probes EURY806 and CREN537 for Euryarchaea and Crenarchaea, respectively. Improved detection of Planctomycetales by probe EUB338-II was tested using a different permeabilization step (proteinase K instead of lysozyme). Total detection efficiency of cells in spring water of four different alpine karst aquifers was on average 83% for CARD-FISH and only 15% for FISH. Applying CARD-FISH on bottled natural mineral waters resulted in an average total hybridization efficiency of 89%, with 78% (range 77-96%) bacteria and 11% (range 3-22%) identified as Archaea. CONCLUSIONS CARD-FISH resulted in substantially higher recovery efficiency than FISH. Hence, CARD-FISH appears very suitable for the enumeration of specific prokaryotic groups in ground- and drinking water. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study represents the first evaluation of CARD-FISH on ultra-oligotrophic ground- and drinking water. Results are relevant for basic research and drinking water distributors. Archaea can comprise a significant fraction of the prokaryotic community in bottled mineral water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Wilhartitz
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Department for Applied Biochemistry and Gene Technology, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 166-9, A-1060 Vienna
| | - Robert L. Mach
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Department for Applied Biochemistry and Gene Technology, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 166-9, A-1060 Vienna
| | - Eva Teira
- Departamento Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36200-Vigo, Spain
| | - Thomas Reinthaler
- Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Biological Oceanography, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel
| | - Gerhard J. Herndl
- Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Biological Oceanography, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel
| | - Andreas H. Farnleitner
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Department for Applied Biochemistry and Gene Technology, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 166-9, A-1060 Vienna
- For correspondence. ; +43-1-58801-17252, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Department for Applied Biochemistry and Gene Technology, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 166-9, A-1060 Vienna
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Miyata N, Sugiyama D, Tani Y, Tsuno H, Seyama H, Sakata M, Iwahori K. Production of biogenic manganese oxides by repeated-batch cultures of laboratory microcosms. J Biosci Bioeng 2007; 103:432-9. [PMID: 17609158 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.103.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 02/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the production of manganese (Mn) oxides using repeated-batch bioreactors maintained over long periods under laboratory conditions. Freshwater epilithic biofilms were used as the initial inocula. The bioreactors yielded suspended solids that could remove 0.1 mM dissolved Mn(II) within a few days. Chemical titration, X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the Mn(II) had been converted to poorly crystallized layer-type Mn(IV) oxides, which were similar to known biogenic Mn oxides from pure bacterial cultures. Spherical or rod-shaped Mn microconcretions occurred in the suspended solids; transmission electron microscopy showed that these structures likely resulted from the microbial activity but not represent living cells. Instead, the presence of encapsulated, sheathed, and hyphal budding cells in the suspended solids indicated that a range of Mn-depositing bacteria contributed to the Mn oxide formation. To our knowledge, our data represent the first observation of production of such Mn oxides in a laboratory microcosm wherein a range of Mn-depositing bacteria coexist. The fact that sorption of trace Zn(II) and Ni(II) ions onto the suspended solids co-occurred with the removal of dissolved Mn(II) emphasizes the important role of Mn-oxidizing microorganisms in the fates of trace or contaminant metals in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Miyata
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga, Shizuoka, Japan.
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Sahl JW, Munakata-Marr J, Crimi ML, Siegrist RL. Coupling permanganate oxidation with microbial dechlorination of tetrachloroethene. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2007; 79:5-12. [PMID: 17290967 DOI: 10.2175/106143006x136720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
For sites contaminated with chloroethene non-aqueous-phase liquids, designing a remediation system that couples in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and microbial dechlorination may be complicated because of the potentially adverse effects of ISCO on anaerobic bioremediation processes. Therefore, one-dimensional column studies were conducted to understand the effect of permanganate oxidation on tetrachloroethene (PCE) dechlorination by the anaerobic mixed culture KB-1. Following the confirmation of PCE dechlorination, KMnO4 was applied to all columns at a range of concentrations and application velocities to simulate varied distances from oxidant injection. Immediately following oxidation, reductive dechlorination was inhibited; however, after passing several pore volumes of sterile growth medium through the columns after oxidation, a rebound of PCE dechlorination activity was observed in every inoculated column without the need to reinoculate. The volume of medium required for a rebound of dechlorination activity differed from 1.1 to 8.1 pore volumes (at a groundwater velocity of 4 cm/d), depending on the specific condition of oxidant application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Sahl
- Colorado School of Mines/ESE division, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
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Hamilton WA. Microbially influenced corrosion as a model system for the study of metal microbe interactions: a unifying electron transfer hypothesis. BIOFOULING 2003; 19:65-76. [PMID: 14618690 DOI: 10.1080/0892701021000041078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The general term biomineralisation refers to biologically induced mineralisation in which an organism modifies its local microenvironment creating conditions such that there is chemical precipitation of mineral phases extracellularly. Most usually this results from an oxidation or reduction carried out by some microbial species, with the formation of a recognised biomineralised product. These reactions play a major role in microbial physiology and ecology, and are of central importance to such engineering consequences as microbial mining and microbially influenced corrosion. This paper will examine metal microbe interactions, both in naturally occurring microbial ecosystems and in two particular cases of biocorrosion, with the objective of putting forward a unifying hypothesis relevant to the understanding of each of these apparently disparate processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Hamilton
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK.
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Kielemoes J, Bultinck I, Storms H, Boon N, Verstraete W. Occurrence of manganese-oxidizing microorganisms and manganese deposition during biofilm formation on stainless steel in a brackish surface water. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2002; 39:41-55. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2002.tb00905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Abstract
Biocorrosion processes at metal surfaces are associated with microorganisms, or the products of their metabolic activities including enzymes, exopolymers, organic and inorganic acids, as well as volatile compounds such as ammonia or hydrogen sulfide. These can affect cathodic and/or anodic reactions, thus altering electrochemistry at the biofilm/metal interface. Various mechanisms of biocorrosion, reflecting the variety of physiological activities carried out by different types of microorganisms, are identified and recent insights into these mechanisms reviewed. Many modern investigations have centered on the microbially-influenced corrosion of ferrous and copper alloys and particular microorganisms of interest have been the sulfate-reducing bacteria and metal (especially manganese)-depositing bacteria. The importance of microbial consortia and the role of extracellular polymeric substances in biocorrosion are emphasized. The contribution to the study of biocorrosion of modern analytical techniques, such as atomic force microscopy, Auger electron, X-ray photoelectron and Mössbauer spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and microsensors, is discussed.
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Eismann F, Montuelle B. Microbial methods for assessing contaminant effects in sediments. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 1999; 159:41-93. [PMID: 9921139 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4612-1496-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Contaminated sediments influence drastically the long-term toxicological and ecological properties of aquatic ecosystems. During the past three decades, scientific knowledge about sediment-water exchange processes and the deposition and distribution of pollutants in water and sediment phases has been supplemented by extensive research on the effects of sediment-associated pollutants on aquatic organisms. Basic research in microbiology, ecology, and toxicology has uncovered the crucial role of sediment microorganisms for the biodegradation of organic matter and for the cycling of nutrients, as well as the susceptibility of these processes to toxic pollution events. Microorganisms have been extensively applied in aquatic toxicology, and various microbial toxicity tests are today available that successfully couple microbial toxicity endpoints to the specificity of the sediment matrix. Sediment-associated toxicants can be brought in contact with test bacteria using sediment pore waters, elutriates, extracts, or whole-sediment material. Toxicity indication principles for microorganisms are versatile and comprise growth and biomass determinations, respiration or oxygen uptake, bacterial luminescence, the activity of a variety of enzymes, and a compendium of genotoxicity assays. The border between toxicological and ecological contaminant effect evaluations in sediments is flexible, and long-term ecological predictions should also include an assessment of pollutant degradation capacities and of key reactions in element cycling. Evaluating microbial community structure and function in environmental systems makes use of modern molecular techniques and bioindicators that could trigger a new quality in the assessment of contaminated sediments in terms of indication of subtoxic effects and early-warning requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Eismann
- University of Leipzig, Institute for Animal Hygiene and Public Veterinary Affairs, Germany
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Manganese reduction by microbes from oxic regions of the lake vanda (Antarctica) water column. Appl Environ Microbiol 1998; 64:3791-7. [PMID: 9758801 PMCID: PMC106551 DOI: 10.1128/aem.64.10.3791-3797.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Depth profiles of metals in Lake Vanda, a permanently ice-covered, stratified Antarctic lake, suggest the importance of particulate manganese oxides in the scavenging, transport, and release of metals. Since manganese oxides can be solubilized by manganese-reducing bacteria, microbially mediated manganese reduction was investigated in Lake Vanda. Microbes concentrated from oxic regions of the water column, encompassing a peak of soluble manganese [Mn(II)], reduced synthetic manganese oxides (MnO2) when incubated aerobically. Pure cultures of manganese-reducing bacteria were readily isolated from waters collected near the oxic Mn(II) peak. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, most of the isolated manganese reducers belong to the genus Carnobacterium. Cultures of a phylogenetically representative strain of Carnobacterium reduced synthetic MnO2 in the presence of sodium azide, as was seen in field assays. Unlike anaerobes that utilize manganese oxides as terminal electron acceptors in respiration, isolates of the genus Carnobacterium reduced Mn(IV) via a diffusible compound under oxic conditions. The release of adsorbed trace metals accompanying the solubilization of manganese oxides may provide populations of Carnobacterium with a source of nutrients in this extremely oligotrophic environment.
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40
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Cadmium and manganese in contrast to calcium reduce yield and nutritional values of the edible mushroom Pleurotus pulmonarius. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1017/s0953756297005728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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41
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Ecology and Biogeochemistry of in Situ Groundwater Bioremediation. ADVANCES IN MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-9074-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Lünsdorf H, Brümmer I, Timmis KN, Wagner-Döbler I. Metal selectivity of in situ microcolonies in biofilms of the Elbe river. J Bacteriol 1997; 179:31-40. [PMID: 8981977 PMCID: PMC178658 DOI: 10.1128/jb.179.1.31-40.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The ultrastructure of natural complex biofilm communities of the Elbe river grown in situ on microscopic glass coverslips was studied by using transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis. Characteristic microcolonies which measured between 3.3 and 9.3 microm in diameter were frequently observed. They had an outer envelope and harbored 6 to 30 cells. The cells formed short rods measuring 1.09 +/- 0.28 microm (n = 10) in length and 0.55 + 0.07 microm (n = 21) in width. They were surrounded by a thick layer of electron-transparent, nonosmicated matter, 120 to 300 nm thick. Individual cells exhibited a unique ultrastructural trait, namely, a concentric membrane stack which completely surrounded the cytoplasm. It consisted of three membrane doublets, which showed an overall thickness of 57 to 66 nm. The center-to-center spacing between two membrane doublets was 22.2 +/- 1.0 nm (n = 12). The bacterial cell wall seemed to be of the gram-negative type. The fact that upon shrinkage hexagonal clefts appeared proved the cells to be tightly packed, and septum formation by binary fissions was observed. All of these morphological details indicate that the cells within these microcolonies were actively growing and did not represent spore-like states. EDX analysis showed that only the electron-dense surface deposit of the microcolonies contained Mn and Fe in significant amounts, while these two elements were absent from the intercellular space and the cytoplasm of the microorganisms. In contrast, aluminum ions were able to penetrate the outer envelope of the microcolonies and were detected in the intercellular space. They were, however, completely absent from the microbial cytoplasm, indicating a filter cascade with respect to aluminum. From the ultrastructural data together with the deposition of iron and manganese on the microcolony surface, it appears that these organisms may belong to the genus Siderocapsa or Nitrosomonas. They do not precisely match any of the described species and may therefore represent a new species.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lünsdorf
- Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Biotechnological Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Dickinson WH, Lewandowski Z. Manganese biofouling and the corrosion behavior of stainless steel. BIOFOULING 1996; 10:79-93. [PMID: 22115104 DOI: 10.1080/08927019609386272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Manganese- and iron-oxidizing bacteria (MFOB) are widely implicated in microbially influenced corrosion, often in association with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Traditionally MFOB have been assigned a passive role in the corrosion process, promoting differential aeration cells, and providing oxygen depleted conditions conducive to the growth and corrosive attack of SRB. Recent work, summarized in this article, demonstrates that manganese biofouling alters the electrochemical behavior of stainless steel (SS), and suggests that MFOB are more active in localized corrosion than traditionally held. The paper discusses the chemistry and potentially corrosive impact of manganese and iron oxides on SS, explores the possible relationship between MFOB and SRB, and proposes a model to describe the synergistic influence these organisms may exert in the corrosion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Dickinson
- a Department of Chemistry and Center for Biofilm Engineering , Montana State University , 409 Cobleigh Hall , Bozeman , MT , 59717 , USA
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