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Gizaw Z, Demissie NG, Gebrehiwot M, Bitew BD, Nigusie A. Oral hygiene practices and associated factors among rural communities in northwest Ethiopia. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:315. [PMID: 38461252 PMCID: PMC10924987 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor oral hygiene affects the overall health and quality of life. However, the oral hygiene practice in rural communities and contributing factors are not well documented. Accordingly, this study was conducted to assess oral hygiene practices and associated factors among rural communities in northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1190 households. Data were collected using a structured and pretested questionnaire, prepared based on a review of relevant literature. The questionnaire comprises socio-demographic information, access to health and hygiene messages, oral hygiene practices, and water quality. We assessed oral hygiene practices with these criteria: mouth wash with clean water in every morning, mouth wash with clean water after eating, brushing teeth regularly, and avoiding gum pricking. Gum pricking in this study is defined as sticking needles or wires into gums to make the gums black for beauty. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with oral hygiene practices. Significant associations were declared on the basis of adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and p-values < 0.05. RESULTS Results showed that all the family members usually washed their mouth with clean water in everyday morning and after eating in 65.2% and 49.6% of the households, respectively. Furthermore, 29.9% of the households reported that all the family members regularly brushed their teeth using toothbrush sticks and one or more of the family members in 14.5% of the households had gum pricking. Overall, 42.9% (95% CI: 39.9, 45.6%) of the households had good oral hygiene practices. Health and/or hygiene education was associated with good oral hygiene practices in the area (AOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.21). CONCLUSION More than half of the households had poor oral hygiene practices in the area and cleaning of teeth with toothpastes is not practiced in the area, where as gum pricking is practiced in more than one-tenth of the households. The local health department needs provide community-level oral health education/interventions, such as washing mouth with clean water at least twice a day, teeth brushing using indigenous methods such as toothbrush sticks or modern methods such as toothpastes, and avoiding gum pricking to promote oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemichael Gizaw
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Negesu Gizaw Demissie
- Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulat Gebrehiwot
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bikes Destaw Bitew
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Nigusie
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Tadin A, Badrov M. Oral Health Knowledge, Self-Assessed Oral Health Behavior, and Oral Hygiene Practices among the Adult General Population in Croatia. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:88. [PMID: 38200994 PMCID: PMC10778950 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emphasizing the significance of optimal oral health for enhancing overall well-being, this study aimed to investigate oral health knowledge, self-assessed oral health behaviors, and oral hygiene practices within the Croatian general population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was conducted online, utilizing a questionnaire collecting sociodemographic characteristics and inquiring about respondents' oral health knowledge, self-assessed oral health status, oral hygiene habits, and use of oral hygiene products. Collected data underwent both descriptive and regression analyses to unveil patterns and relationships within the dataset. RESULTS The respondents showed a high level of knowledge about oral health (median score 9, IQR 7.00-10.00, maximum possible score 10), with significant factors for higher knowledge being engaged in dental professions; above-average socioeconomic status; and the use of an electric brush, dental floss, and interdental brushes (p ˂ 0.05). Insufficient knowledge, on the other hand, was associated with bleeding gums and daily smoking (p ˂ 0.05). Although 69.4% of respondents considered their oral health to be very good, 32.5% reported tooth decay, and 38.2% reported tooth sensitivity. The majority (62.0%) cited regular check-ups as the reason for their last visit to the dentist, with 74.1% feeling no anxiety or discomfort during these visits. Daily toothbrush use was widespread (97.8%), but only 34.1% and 19.1% of respondents reported using floss and/or interdental brushes daily. A remarkable 69.0% of respondents indicated that low oral health literacy and low prioritization contribute to suboptimal oral health. CONCLUSIONS While respondents demonstrated commendable oral health knowledge, the prevalence of reported issues suggests a potential gap between perception and actual oral health status. To address this, targeted educational interventions focusing on comprehensive oral hygiene practices and debunking misconceptions should be prioritized in Croatia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonija Tadin
- Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marija Badrov
- Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
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Sezen E, Kaya U, Ak AT, Ay M. Effect of 38% silver diamine fluoride on fracture resistance of leucite reinforced feldspathic ceramic CAD/CAM class I inlay restorations. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2023; 65:808-815. [PMID: 38351764 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.65.e97183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a topical agent that has recently gained popularity for its ability to stop and prevent dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Umut Kaya
- Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | | | - Miray Ay
- Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkiye
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Cui Z, Wang W, Si Y, Wang X, Feng X, Tai B, Hu D, Lin H, Wang B, Wang C, Zheng S, Liu X, Rong W, Wang W. Tooth brushing with fluoridated toothpaste and associated factors among Chinese adolescents: a nationwide cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:765. [PMID: 37853352 PMCID: PMC10585760 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03506-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth brushing with fluoridated toothpaste has become the most important way to provide the anti-caries effect of fluoride around the world. China has promoted the use of fluoridated toothpaste since 1989. However, there are few studies on the national profile of use of fluoridated toothpaste and related factors in Chinese adolescents. We carried out this study to investigate oral hygiene behaviours, especially the status of tooth brushing with fluoridated toothpaste and its correlates among adolescents, based on data from the latest Nation Oral Health Survey in mainland China. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 118,601 participants aged 12-15 years using multistage stratified sampling. Questionnaires were completed by students at school. Data employed in analyses were extracted from the questionnaire, including information on tooth brushing, fluoridated toothpaste, dental floss, sociodemographic factors, fluoride knowledge and attitude towards regular dental check-ups. A binary logistic regression was performed to compute the odds ratios (OR). Tooth brushing twice daily with fluoridated toothpaste was the dependent variable. Sociodemographic factors, fluoride knowledge, attitude towards regular dental check-ups, dental visit experience and perceived oral health were the independent variables. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 32.6% of participants brushed their teeth twice daily, 7.4% used fluoridated toothpaste, and 3.9% cleaned their teeth twice daily with fluoridated toothpaste. The logistic regression showed the probability of twice-a-day tooth brushing with fluoridated toothpaste was higher among these groups: females (OR: 1.141; 95%CI: 1.072-1.214), 15-year-olds (OR: 1.786; 95%CI: 1.634-1.952), from urban areas (OR: 1.389; 95%CI: 1.288-1.497), without siblings (OR: 1.351; 95%CI: 1.259-1.450), with an educated father (OR: 1. 605; 95%CI: 1.442-1.788) and mother (OR: 1.706; 95%CI: 1.530-1.903), having dental visit experiences (OR: 1.702; 95%CI: 1.589-1.823), rating one's oral health as good (OR: 2.341; 95%CI: 2.083-2.631), having fluoride knowledge (OR: 4.345; 95%CI: 4.034-4.678) and having a positive attitude towards regular dental check-ups (OR: 1.589; 95%CI: 1.460-1.729). CONCLUSIONS The oral hygiene behaviours of Chinese adolescents were undesirable. Twice daily tooth brushing with fluoridated toothpaste was significantly associated with sociodemographic factors, fluoride knowledge, and attitudes towards regular dental check-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Cui
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Si
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Chinese Stomatological Association, Beijing, China
| | - Xiping Feng
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baojun Tai
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Deyu Hu
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huancai Lin
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Chinese Stomatological Association, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Wensheng Rong
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Weijian Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
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Diep MT, Skudutyte-Rysstad R, Sødal ATT, Young A, Hove LH. Caries experience and risk indicators of having decayed teeth among 65-year-olds in Oslo, Norway: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:726. [PMID: 37805466 PMCID: PMC10559471 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meeting the oral health needs of the increasing population of older adults presents a major challenge in dental care. Knowledge about the oral health status in the young-elderly age group is essential for the planning of future oral health education and prevention programs. The aims of the present study were therefore to investigate the caries experience among 65-year-olds in Oslo, Norway, and to explore associations between having decayed teeth and sociodemographic, behavioural, and biological factors. METHODS A random sample of 65‑year‑olds in Oslo answered a questionnaire and underwent clinical and radiographic examinations (n = 457, 52% men and 48% women) at the Research Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, between February and December 2019. Primary- and secondary coronal and root caries lesions, root remnants, and missing and restored teeth were recorded. Decayed teeth (DT) were defined as teeth with coronal- and root caries lesions that had progressed into dentine and root remnants, and the DMFT/S scores were calculated. RESULTS The mean number of teeth was 25 (SD: 4) and the mean DMFT was 19.4 (SD: 4.7). Thirty seven percent of the individuals had at least one decayed tooth (DT > 0), and the mean number of filled teeth (FT) was 16.1 (SD: 5.4). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.8), basic level of education (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2-2.9), irregular dental attendance (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.0-4.8), and hyposalivation (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.0-4.4) were significant risk indicators for having decayed teeth (DT > 0) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, 65-year-olds in Oslo had a low average number of decayed and missing teeth, and a high number of restored teeth. Irregular dental attendance and hyposalivation were the strongest risk indicators for having decayed teeth. Based on the present results, it will be important to ensure access to regular dental care and to increase the emphasis on caries preventive measures for individuals with hyposalivation in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- My Tien Diep
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway.
| | - Rasa Skudutyte-Rysstad
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, Sørkedalsveien 10A, Oslo, 0369, Norway
| | - Anne Thea Tveit Sødal
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
| | - Alix Young
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
| | - Lene Hystad Hove
- Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1109, Oslo, N-0317, Norway
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Limacher S, Angst L, Srinivasan M. Amount of toothpaste used by dental students. J Oral Sci 2023; 65:214-218. [PMID: 37612066 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.23-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyzed associations of cumulative learning, demographic characteristics, fluoride content, and toothbrush head size with the amount of toothpaste used by dental students. METHODS Students in the third and fifth year of dental school were recruited. Each participant was asked to dispense three toothpastes (pediatric, regular fluoride, and high fluoride) on five toothbrushes (rotation-oscillation, sonic, manual pediatric, and two manual adult toothbrushes). The length and weight of the toothpaste dispensed were recorded. The data were evaluated by nonparametric correlation analysis (P < 0.05). RESULTS Eighty-one students (third year = 42; fifth year = 39; mean age: 26.2 ± 5.3 years) participated in the study. More toothpaste was dispensed by third-year students than by fifth-year students (weight: P = 0.014; length: P = 0.037). Men dispensed more toothpaste than did women (weight: P < 0.001; length: P = 0.042). Participants with higher educational attainment dispensed less toothpaste (weight: P < 0.001; length: P < 0.001). The type of toothbrush was associated with the weight of toothpaste dispensed (P < 0.001). Toothbrush head size was inversely associated with the length of toothpaste dispensed (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The amount of toothpaste used by dental students was associated with cumulative learning, educational attainment, sex, and toothbrush head size but not with the fluoride content of the toothpaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekev Limacher
- Clinic for General-, Special Care- and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Lea Angst
- Clinic for General-, Special Care- and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
| | - Murali Srinivasan
- Clinic for General-, Special Care- and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
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Ahmed OAK, Sibuyi NRS, Fadaka AO, Maboza E, Olivier A, Madiehe AM, Meyer M, Geerts G. Prospects of Using Gum Arabic Silver Nanoparticles in Toothpaste to Prevent Dental Caries. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030871. [PMID: 36986733 PMCID: PMC10053970 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the use of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to control and prevent dental diseases. The incorporation of green synthesized AgNPs into dentifrices to reduce pathogenic oral microbes is motivated by their presumed biocompatibility and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In the present study, gum arabic AgNPs (GA-AgNPs) were formulated into a toothpaste (TP) using a commercial TP at a non-active concentration, to produce GA-AgNPs_TP. The TP was selected after evaluating the antimicrobial activity of four commercial TPs 1-4 on selected oral microbes using agar disc diffusion and microdilution assays. The less active TP-1 was then used in the formulation of GA-AgNPs_TP-1; thereafter, the antimicrobial activity of GA-AgNPs_0.4g was compared to GA-AgNPs_TP-1. The cytotoxicity of GA-AgNPs_0.4g and GA-AgNPs_TP-1 was also assessed on the buccal mucosa fibroblast (BMF) cells using the MTT assay. The study demonstrated that antimicrobial activity of GA-AgNPs_0.4g was retained after being combined with a sub-lethal or inactive concentration of TP-1. The non-selective antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of both GA-AgNPs_0.4g and GA-AgNPs_TP-1 was demonstrated to be time and concentration dependent. These activities were instant, reducing microbial and BMF cell growth in less than one hour of exposure. However, the use of dentifrice commonly takes 2 min and rinsed off thereafter, which could prevent damage to the oral mucosa. Although, GA-AgNPs_TP-1 has a good prospect as a TP or oral healthcare product, more studies are required to further improve the biocompatibility of this formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole Remaliah Samantha Sibuyi
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC) Biolabels Research Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC) Biolabels Research Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Ernest Maboza
- Oral and Dental Research Laboratory, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Annette Olivier
- Oral and Dental Research Laboratory, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Abram Madimabe Madiehe
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC) Biolabels Research Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC) Biolabels Research Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (G.G.); Tel.: +27-21-959-2032 (M.M.); +27-84-6062-104 (G.G.)
| | - Greta Geerts
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (G.G.); Tel.: +27-21-959-2032 (M.M.); +27-84-6062-104 (G.G.)
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Al-Zain AO, Fakhry LM, Tallab RA, Natto ZS. Attitude, Practice, and Knowledge Regarding Fluoridated Toothpaste, Brushing, and Rinse Usage Among Residents of Jeddah City in Saudi Arabia. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:23-39. [PMID: 36636286 PMCID: PMC9830058 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s389413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate and compare the attitude, practice, and knowledge of individuals who use fluoridated and non-fluoridated toothpaste in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. METHODS A digital questionnaire composed of 43 questions were formulated. The questionnaire was divided into five sections: eligibility questions, demographic data, attitude, practice, and knowledge. Content and face validation were done, and convenience sampling was used. The inclusion criteria were any citizen and resident who lives in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and Fischer's tests were conducted to compare fluoridated and non-fluoridated toothpaste users (α=0.05). RESULTS A total of 473 completed participants' responses were collected. Attitude: 41.8% of fluoridated toothpaste users reported that it was "very important" to rinse to remove the toothpaste compared to non-fluoridated toothpaste users (58.3%) (P-value<0.001). Healthy teeth were the most important to fluoridated toothpaste users (69.1%) (P <0.001). Practice: 28.6% of non-fluoridated toothpaste users have been using non-fluoridated toothpaste for >1 year, and 35.7% of them <2 years. 73.8% of fluoridated toothpaste users used whitening toothpaste. Significantly higher non-fluoridated toothpaste users (29%) used organic toothpaste (P<0.001). KNOWLEDGE 57% of fluoridated toothpaste users believed that a good diet, tooth brushing, and fluoridated toothpaste are important to prevent caries, and the fluoride would strengthen the teeth (P<0.001). Approximately 60% of non-fluoridated toothpaste users did not know the proper age to start using fluoridated toothpaste (P<0.001). Also, 47.6% of non-fluoridated toothpaste users avoid using fluoride because it is toxic. CONCLUSION Significantly higher number of Jeddah residents that used fluoridated toothpaste had a better attitude and knowledge than non-fluoridated toothpaste users. Nonetheless, most residents had similar oral hygiene practices. It is suggested to execute educational campaigns to explain the importance of fluoridated toothpaste to the population. Also, individuals should take caution from the source of obtaining their dental information and consult their dentist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan O Al-Zain
- Restorative Dentistry Department, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layan M Fakhry
- King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Renad A Tallab
- King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair S Natto
- Department of Public Health, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Dolatabadi S, Bohlouli B, Amin M. Associations between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Oral Health Behaviours in Adolescents. Int J Dent Hyg 2022; 20:593-600. [PMID: 35920241 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Self-efficacy is a strong health predictor as it affects patients' certainty about their ability to perform recommended behaviours to improve their health. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between perceived self-efficacy and oral health behaviours among adolescents. METHODS A convenience sample of adolescents aged 12 to 18 years old were recruited from University of Alberta dental clinic. Demographics, oral health behaviours, self-rated oral health, and task-specific and general self-efficacy were assessed using a questionnaire with three sections. For the comparisons of outcomes across different categories, Student t-test, multivariate regression, and chi-squared tests were used. RESULTS Total of 252 adolescents with average (SD) age of 14 (1.7) years participated in the study; 60% were girls; 81% were born in Canada; 56% were White; and 61% had dental coverage. Demographic characteristics had no significant correlation with general self-efficacy. However, correlation coefficients indicated that younger adolescents had higher dietary self-efficacy (negative correlation), girls had higher toothbrushing and dental visit self-efficacy, and those with dental coverage had higher dental visit self-efficacy. A significant association was found between toothbrushing, dietary habits, and dental visits self-efficacy (subscales of task-specific self-efficacy) and their respective outcomes (frequency of toothbrushing, sugar-intake, and regular dentist visits). General self-efficacy was significantly associated with frequency of toothbrushing and participant's self-rated oral health. CONCLUSION Higher task-specific and general self-efficacy correlated with better oral health behaviours among adolescents. Therefore, behavioural interventions should be designed to enhance self-efficacy among adolescents in order to improve their oral health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samin Dolatabadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Babak Bohlouli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Maryam Amin
- Department of Dentistry & Dental Hygiene, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Aranza D, Nota A, Galić T, Kozina S, Tecco S, Poklepović Peričić T, Milavić B. Development and Initial Validation of the Oral Health Activities Questionnaire. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095556. [PMID: 35564951 PMCID: PMC9101340 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to introduce a new Oral Health Activities Questionnaire (OHAQ, hereinafter) that examines different activities and behaviours related to the oral hygiene regimen of each analysed subject. Methods: A sample of 658 students was analysed to determine the OHAQ scale’s basic metric characteristics. To determine the construct validity of the OHAQ, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, as well as differences testing, were applied to groups of subjects on the basis of self-reported oral status measures. Results: The dimensions of oral health activities were determined, and the scales for their measurement were constructed. Females and males differed in the OHAQ questionnaire measures. Significant but low intercorrelations were found among the measures. In the female and male subsample, four different oral health (OH, hereinafter) types of subjects were identified, exhibiting different characteristic behaviours regarding oral health. OHAQ scales showed good discriminant validity, revealing the differences related to specific self-reported oral status measures (e.g., frequency of toothache and the number of filled teeth). Conclusions: The OHAQ represents a satisfactory measurement instrument for determining the level of OH activities and for doing quick and reliable classifications of the participating subjects according to their OH activities and behaviours. The process of further validation and advancements of the OHAQ scales and measures should be continued through a clinical examination of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Aranza
- Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-(0)91-5-65-58-48
| | - Alessandro Nota
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.N.); (S.T.)
| | - Tea Galić
- Department of Prosthodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (T.G.); (T.P.P.)
| | - Slavica Kozina
- Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Simona Tecco
- Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.N.); (S.T.)
| | - Tina Poklepović Peričić
- Department of Prosthodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (T.G.); (T.P.P.)
| | - Boris Milavić
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
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11
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Ab Mumin N, Yusof ZYM, Marhazlinda J, Obaidellah U. Motivators and barriers to oral hygiene self-care among adolescents in Malaysia: A qualitative study. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:678-688. [PMID: 34628709 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Having good oral hygiene self-care, especially a regular toothbrushing habit will promote lifelong oral health. Therefore, understanding the factors that influence an adolescent's oral hygiene behaviour is important in developing effective oral health programmes for this age group. This study aimed to explore the motivators and barriers to adolescents' oral hygiene self-care by exploring the perspectives of secondary school students from three government schools in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. METHODS Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted with Form 2 (14-years-old) and Form 4 (16-years-old) students from selected secondary schools in Selangor using a semi-structured topic guide until data saturation was reached. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using framework method analysis. RESULTS A total of 10 FGDs were conducted involving 77 adolescents. The motivators for good oral hygiene self-care were appearance, fear of oral disease, consequences of oral disease and past toothache experience. The barriers for oral hygiene self-care were poor attitude towards oral care, lack of confidence in toothbrushing skills, snacking habit and the taste of toothpaste. CONCLUSION Understanding the motivators and barriers to adolescents' oral hygiene self-care is the first step in designing effective oral health education messages. The findings from this study can be used as a guide for oral health education programmes and development of materials that fulfil the needs of the adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazirah Ab Mumin
- Department of Periodontology and Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zamros Yuzadi Mohd Yusof
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamaludin Marhazlinda
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Unaizah Obaidellah
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Computer Science & Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Haghi R, Ashouri A, Karimy M, Rouhani-Tonekaboni N, Kasmaei P, Pakdaman F, Zareban I. The role of correlated factors based on Pender health promotion model in brushing behavior in the 13-16 years old students of Guilan, Iran. Ital J Pediatr 2021; 47:111. [PMID: 33980275 PMCID: PMC8117318 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-021-01063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tooth decay is one of the diseases that is closely related to people’s behaviors and it can have adverse effects on their performance and their success in the future. Brushing twice a day is the simplest and most effective way to reduce tooth decay. The study aim was to determining the roles of correlational factors based on the Pender’s health promotion model in brushing behavior of ninth grade students at urban public schools of Guilan province during the academic year 2019. Methods The present study was cross-sectional and had a descriptive-analytical type. We performed the multi-stage random sampling on 761 ninth-grade students (374 girls and 387 boys) at urban public schools of six counties (ten cities) of Guilan province in 2019. The primary tool was a questionnaire on oral health behaviors focusing on brushing behavior. In the present study, which was conducted only on brushing behavior, we revised and changed the initial questionnaire during the sessions of the research team, and then confirmed its validity and reliability. The questionnaire consisted of three parts, demographic characteristics, constructs of health promotion model, and brushing behavior. We analyzed data in SPSS 21 using regression models. Results 20.1% of students brushed their teeth at least twice a day. Optimal behavior had a statistically significant relationship with parents’ education level, and gender. Based on the regression model, the health promotion model constructs described 58% of the variance of the commitment to plan of action. Perceived self-efficacy, situational influences, and perceived barriers of action had significantly stronger relationships with commitment to plan of action respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that one-unit increase in scores of commitment to plan of action and self-efficacy increased the chance of desired behavior by 12 and 14% respectively. Conclusion Due to the low rate of brushing behavior in the students and the predictive power of the health promotion model in brushing behavior, we suggest planning and implementation of educational interventions for this group with an emphasis on influencing the commitment to plan of action, self-efficacy, and also the level of knowledge. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13052-021-01063-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robabeh Haghi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Asieh Ashouri
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research CenterHeshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahmood Karimy
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Nooshin Rouhani-Tonekaboni
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 41857-33411, Realat St., Rasht, Iran
| | - Parisa Kasmaei
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, 41857-33411, Realat St., Rasht, Iran.
| | - Farahnaz Pakdaman
- Department of Elderly and Middle-aged Health, Vice-chancellor of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Iraj Zareban
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran
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13
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Buckeridge A, King N, Anthonappa R. Relationships between parental education, choice of child dentifrice, and their children's caries experience. Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:115-121. [PMID: 32815573 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of parental education, choice of child dentifrice, and its impact on their children's dental caries experience remain unclear. AIM To investigate (a) dentifrice types used by Australian pre-school children, (b) demographic factors that influence parents' dentifrice choice, and (c) whether dentifrice type is related to pre-schooler's caries experience. DESIGN 155 parent-child dyads were recruited from five random metropolitan childcare centres. Parents completed a questionnaire recording relevant demographics and child dietary preferences, oral hygiene practice, and dental visits. One calibrated operator performed a clinical examination of their pre-schooler for evidence of carious lesions. Data were analysed, and comparisons between variables made using chi-square tests and regression models. RESULTS 50% of pre-schoolers used <1000 ppm fluoride dentifrice and 29% used non-fluoridated dentifrice. Higher parental education level was associated with the use of non-fluoridated dentifrice (P = .02, χ2 = 0.034). Children with higher brushing frequency were more likely to use fluoridated dentifrice (P = .03, χ2 < 0.001). CONCLUSION The proportion of Australian pre-schoolers using non-fluoridated dentifrice was higher than in other world regions. Higher parental education level was strongly associated with choosing non-fluoridated toothpaste, which warrants further qualitative analysis to assess determinants for parents' choice of child dentifrice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Buckeridge
- Paediatric Dentistry, UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Nigel King
- Paediatric Dentistry, UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Robert Anthonappa
- Paediatric Dentistry, UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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14
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Bongo AKS, Brustad M, Jönsson B. Caries experience among adults in core Sámi areas of Northern Norway. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 49:401-409. [PMID: 33340157 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental caries is a major oral health problem among indigenous people worldwide, but knowledge on this issue among the indigenous Sámi people in Norway is scarce. The aim of the study was to describe dental caries experience in an adult population in core Sámi areas of Northern Norway and to assess the corresponding associations with socio-demographic, socioeconomic and oral health-related behavioural factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study is based on data from the Dental Health in the North study (2033 participants aged 18-75 years). A questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic, socioeconomic and oral health-related behavioural factors. Clinical examinations were performed by dentists and dental hygienists at Public Dental Service (PDS) clinics in core Sámi areas of Northern Norway. RESULTS About 68% (n = 1380) of participants reported Sámi ethnicity, and the mean number of decayed (D), missed (M) and filled (F) teeth (T) was 16.2 (standard deviation [SD] = 6.7). The mean DMFT was 15.7 (SD = 6.7) among Sámi and 17.0 (SD = 6.7) among non-Sámi. The mean DT among Sámi was 1.0 (SD = 1.6), with a significant, higher prevalence among coastal Sámi (DT = 1.3, SD = 1.8) than inland Sámi (DT = 0.8, SD = 1.5). Living in the coastal region, consumption of sugary soft drinks several times a week or daily, toothbrushing less than daily and irregular dental visits were associated with DT. CONCLUSIONS Caries experience among adults in core Sámi areas of Northern Norway was common. Dental caries were more common in the coastal than the inland region, with minor differences in caries experience between Sámi and non-Sámi people within these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kristine Sara Bongo
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway (TkNN), Tromsø, Norway.,Sámi University of Applied Science, Kautokeino, Norway
| | - Magritt Brustad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Birgitta Jönsson
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway (TkNN), Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
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15
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Rao A, Lalithambigai G, Rajesh G, Shenoy R, Pai MBH. Dental health behavior pertaining to fluoridated toothpaste usage among the parents of private and government school students in Mangalore, South India. JOURNAL OF INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_10_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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16
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Han J, Qiu W, Campbell EC, White JC, Xing B. Nylon Bristles and Elastomers Retain Centigram Levels of Triclosan and Other Chemicals from Toothpastes: Accumulation and Uncontrolled Release. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:12264-12273. [PMID: 29067803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, is used in commercial toothpastes with reported dental benefits. Our studies on 22 popular manual toothbrushes in the U.S. showed that common toothbrush head components can accumulate substantial amounts of TCS after brushing with TCS-formulated toothpastes (TCS-TPs). After simulated 3-month brushing with a commercial best-selling TCS-TP, over one third of the adults' toothbrushes showed a cumulative TCS uptake of 21-37.5 mg, equivalent to 7-12.5 doses of the TCS used per brushing. Similar results were observed on children's toothbrushes with small pea-size heads. Elastomer components were found to be the main contributor while both nylon bristles and elastomers could act as absorptive sinks for TCS during brushing. Studies on six different TCS-TPs containing 0.3 wt% TCS showed similar profiles of TCS accumulation. The absorbed TCS was gradually released into toothpaste slurries after switching to TCS-free alternatives. Release of TCS, which typically measured at a fraction (<75%) of the standard dose using the TCS-TPs, continued for over 2 weeks and occurred most rapidly in peroxide-containing "whitening" toothpastes, followed by alkaline and surfactant-rich toothpastes. The accumulating effect was not exclusive to TCS but was commonly observed on several chemicals identified in TCS-TPs and a range of regular toothpastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Han
- Paige Laboratory, Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland , Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Wei Qiu
- Paige Laboratory, Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland , Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Elizabeth C Campbell
- Paige Laboratory, Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station , New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Paige Laboratory, Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Nordström A, Birkhed D. Attitudes and behavioural factors relating to toothbrushing and the use of fluoride toothpaste among caries-active Swedish adolescents - a questionnaire study. Acta Odontol Scand 2017; 75:483-487. [PMID: 28701058 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1344876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify attitudes and behaviour relating to fluoride toothpaste and toothbrushing habits among caries-active Swedish adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study is based on an earlier clinical, two-year toothpaste intervention study. At the last appointment, 206 adolescents (of 211) answered a questionnaire comprising nine semi-closed questions. RESULTS The majority (93%) brushed their teeth every day, while 7% did so only occasionally. Most participants (77%) brushed twice a day, while 12% brushed just once a day. About half of those brushing just once a day forgot to brush in the evening. Similarly, more than half of the adolescents (53%) used 1 cm of toothpaste or less on their toothbrush. Moreover, 49% brushed for less than 2 min, 41% brushed for 2 min and 10% for more than 2 min. The majority (73%) rinsed with water after toothbrushing. A difference between boys and girls was also observed; 87% of the girls brushed twice a day, whereas only 67% of the boys did so and boys more frequently forgot in the evening. CONCLUSIONS Attitudes and behaviour relating to fluoride toothpaste and toothbrushing habits among caries-active Swedish adolescents are still inadequate after two years of toothpaste intervention. There are several areas where improvements can be made, such as frequency of brushing, brushing time, amount of toothpaste and post-brushing procedures. The majority (81%) included 'fresh breath' as a reason for performing oral hygiene and this aspect can be used by dental staff in health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nordström
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Dowen Birkhed
- Emeritus Professor at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Derblom C, Hagman-Gustafsson ML, Gabre P. Older people's description of factors that facilitate and impede regular dental care - a qualitative interview study. Int J Dent Hyg 2016; 15:313-320. [PMID: 27868346 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to achieve an understanding of older people's view of the benefits of regular dental care and investigate factors that facilitate and impede regular dental care. METHODS A qualitative research method was used. To gain a deeper understanding of the elderly people's views, individual interviews were conducted. Fifteen respondents, eleven women and four men aged between 65 and 95, participated, all recruited from senior social centres. All interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and the content analysis method was then used. Meaning units were identified and condensed into codes which were labelled and grouped into categories and subcategories. RESULTS Findings were grouped into three categories: experiences of dental care, obstacles and facilitators to dental care and about oral health and responsibility. The elderly had experience of both regular and irregular dental care. Obstacles to visiting dental services included high costs and complicated dental insurance, other practical obstacles, lack of confidence in dentistry and seeing no benefits of dental care at their age. Views of the importance of oral health varied, and some people thought poor teeth were shameful. Some expressed that oral health was your own responsibility, while others thought that oral health was the responsibility of the dental services. CONCLUSIONS Several factors which hamper regular dental care have been identified, and taken together, these obstacles often became unsurmountable. However, individuals taking their own responsibility for their dental status and dental services making certain adaptations, both encourage people to seek regular dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Derblom
- Public Dental Health, Uppsala County Council, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - P Gabre
- Public Dental Health, Uppsala County Council, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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Derblom C, Hagman-Gustafsson ML, Gabre P. Dental attendance patterns among older people: a retrospective review of records in public and private dental care in Sweden. Int J Dent Hyg 2016; 15:321-327. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Derblom
- Public Dental Health; Uppsala County Council; Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - P Gabre
- Public Dental Health; Uppsala County Council; Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Cariology; Institute of Odontology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
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20
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Thapa P, Aryal KK, Mehata S, Vaidya A, Jha BK, Dhimal M, Pradhan S, Dhakal P, Pandit A, Pandey AR, Bista B, Pokhrel AU, Karki KB. Oral hygiene practices and their socio-demographic correlates among Nepalese adult: evidence from non communicable diseases risk factors STEPS survey Nepal 2013. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:105. [PMID: 27686858 PMCID: PMC5041565 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral diseases remain a significant public health problem in Nepal, as do oral health behaviours. Socio-demographic factors play a crucial role in driving oral hygiene practices. This study aims to identify oral hygiene practices and associated socio-demographic factors in Nepalese population. Methods This descriptive, cross-sectional study recruited 4200 adults (15–69 years) through multistage cluster sampling. Data obtained from the WHO NCD STEPS instrument version 2.2 were analysed in STATA 13.0 using complex sample weighted analysis. Results Prevalence of cleaning teeth at least once a day was 94.9 % (95 % CI: 93.7–95.9), while that of cleaning teeth at least twice a day was 9.9 % (95 % CI: 8.2–11.9). Use of fluoridated toothpaste was seen among 71.4 % (95 % CI: 67.9–74.7) respondents. A 3.9 % (95 % CI: 3.1–5.0) made a dental visit in the last 6 months. The 45–69 years age group had lesser odds of cleaning teeth at least once a day (AOR: 0.4; 95 % CI: 0.2–0.8), in comparison to 15–29 years age group. Women had greater odds of cleaning teeth at least twice a day (AOR: 1.7; 95 % CI: 1.1–2.4) and having visited a dentist in the last 6 months (AOR: 2.2; 95 % CI: 1.2–3.8) compared to men. With reference to rural residents, urban population had higher odds of using fluoridated toothpaste (AOR: 2.3; 95 % CI: 1.4–3.4) and making a dental visit within the last 6 months (AOR: 1.9; 95 % CI:1.1–3.6). Inhabitants of the Terai had five-fold (AOR: 4.9; 95 % CI: 3.1–7.8) greater odds of cleaning teeth once per day than did hill residents. Those with higher education had greater odds than non-formal education holders of cleaning teeth at least once a day (AOR: 9.0; 95 % CI: 2.9–27.7), cleaning teeth at least twice a day (AOR: 5.6; 95 % CI: 2.9–10.6), using fluoridated toothpaste (AOR: 13.9; 95 % CI: 8.4–23.1), and having visited a dentist in the last 6 months (AOR: 2.8; 95 % CI: 1.4–5.4). Conclusions Cleaning teeth at least once a day is widely prevalent in Nepal and a substantial number of population use fluoridated toothpaste. However, cleaning teeth twice a day and visiting a dentist is less common. Being women, Terai residents, urban residents, and educated were significantly associated with oral hygiene practices assessed in this study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12903-016-0294-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Thapa
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | | | - Suresh Mehata
- Nepal Health Sector Support Program, Ministry of Health, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Abhinav Vaidya
- Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Bijay Kumar Jha
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Meghnath Dhimal
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | - Shaili Pradhan
- National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | | | - Arpana Pandit
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
| | | | - Bihungum Bista
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
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Abou Neel EA, Aljabo A, Strange A, Ibrahim S, Coathup M, Young AM, Bozec L, Mudera V. Demineralization-remineralization dynamics in teeth and bone. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4743-4763. [PMID: 27695330 PMCID: PMC5034904 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s107624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization is a dynamic, complex, lifelong process by which living organisms control precipitations of inorganic nanocrystals within organic matrices to form unique hybrid biological tissues, for example, enamel, dentin, cementum, and bone. Understanding the process of mineral deposition is important for the development of treatments for mineralization-related diseases and also for the innovation and development of scaffolds. This review provides a thorough overview of the up-to-date information on the theories describing the possible mechanisms and the factors implicated as agonists and antagonists of mineralization. Then, the role of calcium and phosphate ions in the maintenance of teeth and bone health is described. Throughout the life, teeth and bone are at risk of demineralization, with particular emphasis on teeth, due to their anatomical arrangement and location. Teeth are exposed to food, drink, and the microbiota of the mouth; therefore, they have developed a high resistance to localized demineralization that is unmatched by bone. The mechanisms by which demineralization-remineralization process occurs in both teeth and bone and the new therapies/technologies that reverse demineralization or boost remineralization are also scrupulously discussed. Technologies discussed include composites with nano- and micron-sized inorganic minerals that can mimic mechanical properties of the tooth and bone in addition to promoting more natural repair of surrounding tissues. Turning these new technologies to products and practices would improve health care worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensanya Ali Abou Neel
- Division of Biomaterials, Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Anas Aljabo
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Adam Strange
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Salwa Ibrahim
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Melanie Coathup
- UCL Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, London, UK
| | - Anne M Young
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Laurent Bozec
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Vivek Mudera
- UCL Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, London, UK
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Cai H, Zhu X, Peng C, Xu W, Li D, Wang Y, Fang S, Li Y, Hu S, Wan X. Critical factors determining fluoride concentration in tea leaves produced from Anhui province, China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 131:14-21. [PMID: 27162130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the fluoride present in tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) and its relationship to soils, varieties, seasons and tea leaf maturity. The study also explored how different manufacturing processes affect the leaching of fluoride into tea beverages. The fluoride concentration in the tea leaves was significantly correlate to the concentration of water-soluble fluoride in the soil. Different tea varieties accumulated different levels of fluoride, with varieties, Anji baicha having the highest and Nongkang zao having the lowest fluoride concentration. In eight different varieties of tea plant harvested over three tea seasons, fluoride concentration were highest in the summer and lowest in the spring in china. The fluoride concentration in tea leaves was directly related to the maturity of the tea leaves at harvest. Importantly, the tea manufacturing process did not introduced fluoride contamination. The leaching of fluoride was 6.8% and 14.1% higher in black and white tea, respectively, than in fresh tea leaves. The manufacturing step most affecting the leaching of fluoride into tea beverage was withering used in white, black and oolong tea rather than rolling or fermentation. The exposure and associated health risks for fluoride concentration in infusions of 115 commercially available teas from Chinese tea markets was determined. The fluoride concentration ranged from 5.0 to 306.0mgkg(-1), with an average of 81.7mgkg(-1). The hazard quotient (HQ) of these teas indicated that there was no risk of fluorosis from drinking tea, based on statistical analysis by Monte Carlo simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Daxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihui Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaode Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China.
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Olerud E, Hagman-Gustavsson ML, Gabre P. Oral health status in older immigrants in a medium-sized Swedish city. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2016; 36:328-334. [PMID: 27458173 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to investigate oral health and oral care habits among older immigrants to Sweden from countries outside the Nordic region. METHOD Participants ≥60 years of age from senior social centers for immigrants were invited to attend oral examinations. Data was collected on the number of teeth, dentures, caries, periodontal status, saliva secretion, and plaque scores. Participants also described their general health and oral care habits. RESULTS Fourteen men and 28 women, median age 71.5 years, participated. Seventeen percent were edentulous, women often than men. Three out of four had caries and 63% had gingival bleeding. Two-thirds brushed their teeth twice per day and 60% had visited dental services in the last 2 years. CONCLUSION The group had a high prevalence of oral diseases and discomfort. They used dental services and brushed their teeth less frequently than Swedish populations of the same age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Olerud
- Public Dental Health, Uppsala County Council, Sweden
| | | | - Pia Gabre
- Public Dental Health, Uppsala County Council, Sweden. .,Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrens, ka Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Alshehri M, Kujan O. Parental views on fluoride tooth brushing and its impact on oral health: A cross-sectional study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 5:451-6. [PMID: 26759797 PMCID: PMC4697228 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.167728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to describe the current use and knowledge about fluoride toothpaste and children's oral hygiene habits among parents of Saudi children. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the parents of children aged 7–12 years who visited the undergraduate pediatric dental clinics at the College of Dentistry in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were interviewed. The interview included questions to assess the parents’ level of fluoride knowledge, the dental appearance of their children, and any general dental health concerns and practices. Results: A total of 463 parents (women 55.5%, men 44.5%) were included. Over half (60.3%) of the participants reported that they were unhappy with the appearance of their child's teeth. Only 11.5% received high fluoride knowledge scores. The additive index for the level of fluoride knowledge was significantly lower among mothers than among fathers. The majority of the parents were not able to correctly report whether the toothpaste their children used contained fluoride. Furthermore, the majority of the respondents were unaware of the benefits of fluoride in preventing dental caries. Conclusions: There is a need to enhance parental knowledge regarding high fluoride intake and its harmful consequences on children's health. Both mothers and fathers should have higher levels of awareness regarding oral health promotion to maintain optimal oral health in their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alshehri
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine and University Hospitals, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Kujan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi College for Dentistry and Nursing, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this conference paper was to examine the evidence base for primary and secondary prevention of dental caries, erosions and dentin hypersensitivity through professional and self-care measures. METHODS A mapping of systematic reviews (SR) of literature was carried out in PubMed and the Cochrane library through April 2014 using established MeSH-terms and disease-related search words in various combinations. The search was restricted to SR's published in English or Scandinavian and all age groups were considered. The reference lists of the selected papers were hand-searched for additional review articles of potential interest. Meta-analyses, guidelines and treatment recommendations were considered only when SR's were lacking. In the event of updates or multiple systematic reviews covering the same topic, only the most recent article was included. No quality assessment of the systematic reviews was carried out. The quality of evidence was rated in four levels according to the GRADE scale. RESULTS In total, 39 SR were included. For primary caries prevention, the quality of evidence was high for the use of fluoride toothpaste (with and without triclosan) and moderate for fluoride varnish and fissure sealants. The quality of evidence for fluoride gel, fluoride mouth rinse, xylitol gums and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) was rated as low. For secondary caries prevention and caries arrest, only fluoride interventions and SDF proved consistent benefits, although the quality of evidence was low. Likewise, the GRADE score for preventing erosions located in the enamel with fluoride supplements was low. The quality of evidence for various professional and self-care methods to prevent and manage dentine hypersensitivity was very low. CONCLUSIONS There are knowledge gaps in many domains of cariology and preventive dentistry that must be addressed and bridged through clinical research of good quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svante Twetman
- Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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26
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Åstrøm AN, Gülcan F, Ekbäck G, Ordell S. Long-term healthy lifestyle patterns and tooth loss studied in a Swedish cohort of middle-aged and older people. Int J Dent Hyg 2015; 13:292-300. [PMID: 26294114 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The promotion of a healthy lifestyle has become an issue of public health importance in the context of ageing populations and increasing prevalence of chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE (i) To estimate changes in use of fluoridated tooth paste, use of tooth picks, smoking and alcohol consumption and (ii) to examine whether experience with incident or prevalent tooth loss predict healthy lifestyle transitions from age 50 to 70. METHOD In 1992, 6346 individuals born in 1942 agreed to participate in a prospective cohort study and 3585 completed follow-up questionnaires in 1997, 2002, 2007 and 2012. Statistical analyses were conducted by chi-square statistics, Cochran's Q and logistic regression. RESULTS In total, 15.7% and 74.0% reported incident (tooth loss only in 2012) and prevalent tooth loss (tooth loss in 1992 and 2012). Significant differences occurred between the 1992 and 2012 prevalence of using toothpicks (from 48.3% to 69.1%), smoking (from 26.9% to 10.1%) and alcohol consumption (from 41.5% to 50.5%), 29% and 15.6% increased use of toothpicks and alcohol consumption, whereas 15.5% stopped daily smoking. Increased use of fluoridated tooth paste, smoking cessation and failure to increase use of toothpicks was associated with prevalent tooth loss between age 50 and 70. CONCLUSION This study revealed positive and negative trends in oral health behaviours over a 20-year period in persons aged 50 at baseline. Mixed support was obtained for the assumption that oral health promoting lifestyle transitions follow experience with tooth loss. Older people with tooth loss experience could benefit from targeted counselling aimed at coping with oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Åstrøm
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - F Gülcan
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - G Ekbäck
- Örebro County Council, Örebro, Sweden.,School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - S Ordell
- Dental Commissioning Unit, Östergötland County Council, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Räsänen T, Lintonen T, Joronen K, Konu A. Girls and boys gambling with health and well-being in Finland. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2015; 85:214-222. [PMID: 25731195 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the associations among gambling frequency, health status, health risk behavior, and sexual risk-taking among eighth and ninth grade boys and girls (N = 101,167). METHODS Data were obtained from the nationwide School Health Promotion Study conducted in Finland 2010 and 2011. Outcome measures were adolescents' health and sexual behavior. Associations with gambling frequency were studied separately for boys and girls using polychotomous logistic regression models where grade level was adjusted. RESULTS Approximately 62% of adolescents had gambled during the previous year. Gambling was more common among boys than girls in both grade levels. Gambling frequency was associated with several health and sexual risk-taking indicators such as signs of school burnout, staying up late, and having more than 1 sexual partner. Those who gambled the most had a higher risk for poorer health and taking health risks. Girls and those who had gambled on a weekly basis were the most vulnerable groups. CONCLUSIONS It would be beneficial to raise teacher, parent, and adolescent awareness of the wide range of negative health outcomes and risks associated with gambling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Räsänen
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Myllykoluntie 4 C 16, 37560 Lempäälä, Finland.
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Jensen O, Moberg Sköld U, Birkhed D, Gabre P. Self-reported changes in using fluoride toothpaste among older adults in Sweden: an intervention study. Acta Odontol Scand 2015; 73:48-56. [PMID: 25183252 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.949847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of increasing knowledge about the caries-reducing effects of fluoride (F) toothpaste and to increase the use of F toothpaste among older adults through an intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS 63-67-year-olds in Sweden, who 2 years earlier had answered a questionnaire about their knowledge of F toothpaste, toothbrushing and toothpaste habits and who had shown less favourable habits with regard to toothpaste use, were invited to participate. The 20-min intervention, performed at a Public Dental Clinic, was implemented by a dental hygienist (author OJ) and consisted of individual information and instruction on the use of F toothpaste. The questionnaire was repeated 4 months after the intervention and a population in another city in Sweden served as control. RESULTS In the intervention group, 68 individuals responded and 151 in the control group. Knowledge of the benefits of F toothpaste in the intervention group had improved between the times of the first and second questionnaires, but the same effect was also noted in the control group. After the intervention, a clear improvement concerning the use of F toothpaste was reported: the individuals brushed for a longer time, used more toothpaste and used less water during and after brushing. In the control group, there were no changes of habits between the first and second occasions. CONCLUSION Individually-based interventions performed by a dental hygienist had a positive effect on changing the way older adults used F toothpaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Jensen
- Public Dental Service, Västra Götaland Region , Stenungsund , Sweden
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Casanova-Rosado AJ, Medina-Solís CE, Casanova-Rosado JF, Vallejos-Sánchez AA, Minaya-Sánchez M, Mendoza-Rodríguez M, Márquez-Rodríguez S, Maupomé G. Tooth brushing frequency in Mexican schoolchildren and associated socio-demographic, socioeconomic, and dental variables. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:938-44. [PMID: 24907713 PMCID: PMC4063737 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth brushing (with fluoridated toothpaste) is the most cost-effective intervention in dentistry and it is widely recommended to preserve good oral health. We aimed to determine the frequency of tooth brushing and the variables associated with this practice in schoolchildren living in southeast Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in 1644 schoolchildren, 6 to 13 years old. Questionnaires with socio-demographic, socioeconomic, and dental variables were administered to mothers/guardians of children. The dependent variable was the frequency of tooth brushing, which was categorized as 0 = tooth brushing less than once a day and 1 = tooth brushing at least once a day. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the final results. RESULTS Mean age was 9.06±2.02 years and 49.1% were girls. The prevalence of tooth brushing at least once a day was 49.8%. In the multivariate model, characteristics related to tooth brushing frequency (p<0.05) were: older age (OR=1.11), being female (OR=1.64), having a larger family (OR=0.87), having had a visit to a dentist during the year preceding the study (OR=1.37), and having had fluoride applications by a professional (OR=1.39). CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that different variables (demographic, socioeconomic and dental) are associated with the frequency of tooth brushing. Family size (proxy variable for socioeconomic status) may indicate certain oral health inequalities in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of State of Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | | | | | - Mirna Minaya-Sánchez
- School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Campeche, Campeche, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Martha Mendoza-Rodríguez
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of State of Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Sonia Márquez-Rodríguez
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of State of Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Maupomé
- Indiana University/Purdue University at Indianapolis School of Dentistry. Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A
- Regenstrief Institute, Inc. Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A
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Ota J, Yamamoto T, Ando Y, Aida J, Hirata Y, Arai S. Dental health behavior of parents of children using non-fluoride toothpaste: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2013; 13:74. [PMID: 24373715 PMCID: PMC3893514 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-13-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of the dental health goals of Health Japan 21, in which the Japanese government clarified its health policy, was to ensure the use of fluoride toothpaste in 90% or more of schoolchildren. This goal was not achieved. The aim of this cross-sectional questionnaire study was to evaluate the characteristics of parents whose children use non-fluoride toothpaste. Methods In December 2010, questionnaire forms were sent to 18 elementary schools or school dentists. Students (6-12 years old) were asked to take the forms home for their parents to fill in, and to bring the completed questionnaire to school. The collected questionnaires were mailed from schools to the author’s institution by the end of March 2011. The relationship between fluoride in toothpaste and reasons for choice of toothpaste, the child’s toothbrushing habits, and attitude toward child caries prevention was examined in the 6,069 respondents who answered all the questions for the analyses and indicated that their children use toothpaste. Results Non-fluoride toothpaste users accounted for 5.1% of all toothpaste users. Among the children using non-fluoride toothpaste, significantly greater numbers gave ‘anti-gingivitis’, ‘halitosis prevention’ or ‘tartar control’ as reasons for choice of toothpaste; did not give ‘has fluoride’, ‘is cheaper’ or ‘tastes good’ as reasons for choice of toothpaste; or used toothpaste sometimes, or were in 4th - 6th grades. There was no significant relationship between use of non-fluoride toothpaste and measures taken for caries prevention in children. Multilevel (first level: individual, second level: school) logistic regression analysis indicated that use of non-fluoride toothpaste was significantly related to: giving ‘anti-gingivitis’ (odds ratio: 1.44) as a reason for choice of toothpaste; not giving ‘has fluoride’ (0.40), ‘tastes good’ (0.49) or ‘is cheaper’ (0.50) as the reason for choice of toothpaste; to toothbrushing less often (twice a day: 1.34, once a day or less: 1.46) and to using toothpaste less often (sometimes: 1.39). Conclusions It is necessary to teach parents that dental caries is the dental health issue with the highest priority for children, and therefore fluoride toothpaste should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Sociology, Kanagawa Dental University Graduate School of Dentistry, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, 238-8580 Kanagawa, Japan.
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Jensen O, Gabre P, Sköld UM, Birkhed D, Povlsen L. ‘I take for granted that patients know’ - oral health professionals' strategies, considerations and methods when teaching patients how to use fluoride toothpaste. Int J Dent Hyg 2013; 12:81-8. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O Jensen
- Public Dental Service; Västra Götaland Region; Stenungsund Sweden
- Department of Cariology; Institute of Odontology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - P Gabre
- Department of Cariology; Institute of Odontology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Preventive Dentistry; Public Dental Health; Uppsala County Council; Uppsala Sweden
| | - UM Sköld
- Department of Cariology; Institute of Odontology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - D Birkhed
- Department of Cariology; Institute of Odontology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - L Povlsen
- Nordic School of Public Health NHV; Gothenburg Sweden
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Sarmadi R, Hedman E, Gabre P. Laser in caries treatment--patients' experiences and opinions. Int J Dent Hyg 2013; 12:67-73. [PMID: 23730811 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to obtain a deeper understanding of patient's experiences and perspectives after dental caries treatment with Er:YAG laser technology. METHODS Twelve patients aged 15-30 years who had undergone at least one laser caries excavation agreed to participate in an interview study. All the interviews were tape recorded and transcribed by a transcription agency. The transcribed texts were analysed using manifest and latent qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The categories in this study were identified as choosing laser, understanding laser, encouraging dental care and my oral health. The motivation for laser treatment was described as dental fear in general, specific fear of needles or discomfort with the drill. The informants described the dentist's role as initiators of treatment and willing or unwilling facilitators. Laser treatment was described as safer and more carefully considered treatment. They felt generally safe with laser and were able to relax during the treatment. All interviewers described a positive impression of the laser, and words like 'up to date' and 'future-oriented' were used to describe laser. Laser treatment was considered less painful. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that patients find laser a feasible and convenient treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sarmadi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Public Dental Health, Uppsala County Council, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Toothbrushing techniques learnt in childhood retained later. Br Dent J 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2012.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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