1
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Ahmad S, Wrennall JA, Goriounova AS, Sekhri M, Iskarpatyoti JA, Ghosh A, Abdelwahab SH, Voeller A, Rai M, Mahida RY, Krajewski K, Ignar DM, Greenbaum A, Moran TP, Tilley SL, Thickett DR, Sassano MF, Tarran R. Specific Inhibition of Orai1-mediated Calcium Signalling Resolves Inflammation and Clears Bacteria in an Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Model. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:703-715. [PMID: 37972349 PMCID: PMC10945054 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202308-1393oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has an unacceptably high mortality rate (35%) and is without effective therapy. Orai1 is a Ca2+ channel involved in store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), a process that exquisitely regulates inflammation. Orai1 is considered a druggable target, but no Orai1-specific inhibitors exist to date. Objectives: To evaluate whether ELD607, a first-in-class Orai1 antagonist, can treat ARDS caused by bacterial pneumonia in preclinical models. Methods: ELD607 pharmacology was evaluated in HEK293T cells and freshly isolated immune cells from patients with ARDS. A murine acute lung injury model caused by bacterial pneumonia was then used: mice were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, or multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and then treated with ELD607 intranasally. Measurements and Main Results: ELD607 specifically inhibited SOCE in HEK293T cells with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 9 nM. ELD607 was stable in ARDS airway secretions and inhibited SOCE in ARDS immune cells. In vivo, inhaled ELD607 significantly reduced neutrophilia and improved survival. Surprisingly, Orai1 inhibition by ELD607 caused a significant reduction in lung bacteria, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus. ELD607 worked as an immunomodulator that reduced cytokine levels, reduced neutrophilia, and promoted macrophage-mediated resolution of inflammation and clearance of bacteria. Indeed, when alveolar macrophages were depleted with inhaled clodronate, ELD607 was no longer able to resolve inflammation or clear bacteria. Conclusions: These data indicate that specific Orai1 inhibition by ELD607 may be a novel approach to reduce multiorgan inflammation and treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Ahmad
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
- Eldec Pharmaceuticals, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mani Rai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina; and
| | - Rahul Y. Mahida
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Alon Greenbaum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina; and
| | - Timothy P. Moran
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Stephen L. Tilley
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - David R. Thickett
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - M. Flori Sassano
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
- Eldec Pharmaceuticals, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Robert Tarran
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
- Eldec Pharmaceuticals, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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2
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Wang YH, Li W, McDermott M, Son GY, Maiti G, Zhou F, Tao A, Raphael D, Moreira AL, Shen B, Vaeth M, Nadorp B, Chakravarti S, Lacruz RS, Feske S. Regulatory T cells and IFN-γ-producing Th1 cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's Syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.23.576314. [PMID: 38328096 PMCID: PMC10849570 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.23.576314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Sjögren's Disease (SjD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by progressive dysfunction, inflammation and destruction of salivary and lacrimal glands, and by extraglandular manifestations. Its etiology and pathophysiology remain incompletely understood, though a role for autoreactive B cells has been considered key. Here, we investigated the role of effector and regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis of SjD. Methods Histological analysis, RNA-sequencing and flow cytometry were conducted on glands, lungs, eyes and lymphoid tissues of mice with regulatory T cell-specific deletion of stromal interaction proteins (STIM) 1 and 2 ( Stim1/2 Foxp3 ), which play key roles in calcium signaling and T cell function. The pathogenicity of T cells from Stim1/2 Foxp3 mice was investigated through adoptively transfer into lymphopenic host mice. Additionally, single-cell transcriptomic analysis was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with SjD and control subjects. Results Stim1/2 Foxp3 mice develop a severe SjD-like disorder including salivary gland (SG) and lacrimal gland (LG) inflammation and dysfunction, autoantibodies and extraglandular symptoms. SG inflammation in Stim1/2 Foxp3 mice is characterized by T and B cell infiltration, and transcriptionally by a Th1 immune response that correlates strongly with the dysregulation observed in patients with SjD. Adoptive transfer of effector T cells from Stim1/2 Foxp3 mice demonstrates that the SjD-like disease is driven by interferon (IFN)-γ producing autoreactive CD4 + T cells independently of B cells and autoantiboodies. scRNA-seq analysis identifies increased Th1 responses and attenuated memory Treg function in PBMCs of patients with SjD. Conclusions We report a more accurate mouse model of SjD while providing evidence for a critical role of Treg cells and IFN-γ producing Th1 cells in the pathogenesis of SjD, which may be effective targets for therapy.
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3
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Gross S, Womer L, Kappes DJ, Soboloff J. Multifaceted control of T cell differentiation by STIM1. Trends Biochem Sci 2023; 48:1083-1097. [PMID: 37696713 PMCID: PMC10787584 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
In T cells, stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and Orai are dispensable for conventional T cell development, but critical for activation and differentiation. This review focuses on novel STIM-dependent mechanisms for control of Ca2+ signals during T cell activation and its impact on mitochondrial function and transcriptional activation for control of T cell differentiation and function. We highlight areas that require further work including the roles of plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) and partner of STIM1 (POST) in controlling Orai function. A major knowledge gap also exists regarding the independence of T cell development from STIM and Orai, despite compelling evidence that it requires Ca2+ signals. Resolving these and other outstanding questions ensures that the field will remain active for many years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Gross
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Lauren Womer
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA; Department of Cancer and Cellular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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4
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Ren R, Li Y. STIM1 in tumor cell death: angel or devil? Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:408. [PMID: 37932320 PMCID: PMC10628139 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is involved in mediating the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), driving the influx of the intracellular second messenger calcium ion (Ca2+), which is closely associated with tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, autophagy, metabolism and immune processes. STIM1 is not only regulated at the transcriptional level by NF-κB and HIF-1, but also post-transcriptionally modified by miRNAs and degraded by ubiquitination. Recent studies have shown that STIM1 or Ca2+ signaling can regulate apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis in tumor cells and act discrepantly in different cancers. Furthermore, STIM1 contributes to resistance against antitumor therapy by influencing tumor cell death. Further investigation into the mechanisms through which STIM1 controls other forms of tumor cell death could aid in the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. Moreover, STIM1 has the ability to regulate immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. Here, we review the basic structure, function and regulation of STIM1, summarize the signaling pathways through which STIM1 regulates tumor cell death, and propose the prospects of antitumor therapy by targeting STIM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ren
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, 400044, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, 400044, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030, Chongqing, China.
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5
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Son GY, Tu NH, Santi MD, Lopez SL, Souza Bomfim GH, Vinu M, Zhou F, Chaloemtoem A, Alhariri R, Idaghdour Y, Khanna R, Ye Y, Lacruz RS. The Ca 2+ channel ORAI1 is a regulator of oral cancer growth and nociceptive pain. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadf9535. [PMID: 37669398 PMCID: PMC10747475 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adf9535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer causes pain associated with cancer progression. We report here that the function of the Ca2+ channel ORAI1 is an important regulator of oral cancer pain. ORAI1 was highly expressed in tumor samples from patients with oral cancer, and ORAI1 activation caused sustained Ca2+ influx in human oral cancer cells. RNA-seq analysis showed that ORAI1 regulated many genes encoding oral cancer markers such as metalloproteases (MMPs) and pain modulators. Compared with control cells, oral cancer cells lacking ORAI1 formed smaller tumors that elicited decreased allodynia when inoculated into mouse paws. Exposure of trigeminal ganglia neurons to MMP1 evoked an increase in action potentials. These data demonstrate an important role of ORAI1 in oral cancer progression and pain, potentially by controlling MMP1 abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Yeon Son
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Nguyen Huu Tu
- NYU Dentistry Translational Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Maria Daniela Santi
- NYU Dentistry Translational Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
| | - Santiago Loya Lopez
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
- New York University Pain Research Center, New York University, New York, NY 10010
| | | | - Manikandan Vinu
- Program in Biology, Division of Science and Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi, 129188, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10010
| | - Ariya Chaloemtoem
- Program in Biology, Division of Science and Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi, 129188, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rama Alhariri
- Program in Biology, Division of Science and Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi, 129188, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Youssef Idaghdour
- Program in Biology, Division of Science and Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi, 129188, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
- New York University Pain Research Center, New York University, New York, NY 10010
| | - Yi Ye
- NYU Dentistry Translational Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
- New York University Pain Research Center, New York University, New York, NY 10010
| | - Rodrigo S. Lacruz
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010
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6
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Zhang W, Sun Y, Yang Y, Chen Y. Impaired intracellular calcium homeostasis enhances protein O-GlcNAcylation and promotes vascular calcification and stiffness in diabetes. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102720. [PMID: 37230005 PMCID: PMC10225928 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is accelerated in patients with diabetes mellitus and increases risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) play a key role in regulating vascular tone and contribute significantly to the development of diabetic vasculopathy. In this study, the function of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), an important regulator for intracellular calcium homeostasis, in diabetic vascular calcification was investigated, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were uncovered. A SMC-specific STIM1 deletion mouse model (STIM1Δ/Δ) was generated by breeding the STIM1 floxed mice (STIM1f/f) with SM22α-Cre transgenic mice. Using aortic arteries from the STIM1Δ/Δ mice and their STIM1f/f littermates, we found that SMC-specific STIM1 deletion induced calcification of aortic arteries cultured in osteogenic media ex vivo. Furthermore, STIM1 deficiency promoted osteogenic differentiation and calcification of VSMC from the STIM1Δ/Δ mice. In the low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mouse model of diabetes, SMC-specific STIM1 deletion markedly enhanced STZ-induced vascular calcification and stiffness in the STIM1Δ/Δ mice. The diabetic mice with SMC-specific STIM1 ablation also exhibited increased aortic expression of the key osteogenic transcription factor, Runx2, and protein O-GlcNAcylation, an important post-translational modulation that we have reported to promote vascular calcification and stiffness in diabetes. Consistently, elevation of O-GlcNAcylation was demonstrated in aortic arteries and VSMC from the STIM1Δ/Δ mice. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation with a pharmacological inhibitor abolished STIM1 deficiency-induced VSMC calcification, supporting a critical role of O-GlcNAcylation in mediating STIM1 deficiency-induced VSMC calcification. Mechanistically, we identified that STIM1 deficiency resulted in impaired calcium homeostasis, which activated calcium signaling and increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in VSMC, while inhibition of ER stress attenuated STIM1-induced elevation of protein O-GlcNAcylation. In conclusion, the study has demonstrated a causative role of SMC-expressed STIM1 in regulating vascular calcification and stiffness in diabetes. We have further identified a novel mechanisms underlying STIM1 deficiency-induced impairment of calcium homeostasis and ER stress in upregulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation in VSMC, which promotes VSMC osteogenic differentiation and calcification in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'An JiaoTong University, Xi'An, PR China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Research Department, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Youfeng Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Research Department, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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7
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Shu P, Liang H, Zhang J, Lin Y, Chen W, Zhang D. Reactive oxygen species formation and its effect on CD4 + T cell-mediated inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199233. [PMID: 37304262 PMCID: PMC10249013 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced both enzymatically and non-enzymatically in vivo. Physiological concentrations of ROS act as signaling molecules that participate in various physiological and pathophysiological activities and play an important role in basic metabolic functions. Diseases related to metabolic disorders may be affected by changes in redox balance. This review details the common generation pathways of intracellular ROS and discusses the damage to physiological functions when the ROS concentration is too high to reach an oxidative stress state. We also summarize the main features and energy metabolism of CD4+ T-cell activation and differentiation and the effects of ROS produced during the oxidative metabolism of CD4+ T cells. Because the current treatment for autoimmune diseases damages other immune responses and functional cells in the body, inhibiting the activation and differentiation of autoreactive T cells by targeting oxidative metabolism or ROS production without damaging systemic immune function is a promising treatment option. Therefore, exploring the relationship between T-cell energy metabolism and ROS and the T-cell differentiation process provides theoretical support for discovering effective treatments for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dunfang Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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8
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Infections in Inborn Errors of Immunity with Combined Immune Deficiency: A Review. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020272. [PMID: 36839544 PMCID: PMC9958715 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhanced susceptibility to microbes, often resulting in severe, intractable and frequent infections due to usually innocuous organisms at uncommon sites, is the most striking feature in individuals with an inborn error of immunity. In this narrative review, based on the International Union of Immunological Societies' 2022 (IUIS 2022) Update on phenotypic classification of human inborn errors of immunity, the focus is on commonly encountered Combined Immunodeficiency Disorders (CIDs) with susceptibility to infections. Combined immune deficiency disorders are usually commensurate with survival beyond infancy unlike Severe Combined Immune Deficiency (SCID) and are often associated with clinical features of a syndromic nature. Defective humoral and cellular immune responses result in susceptibility to a broad range of microbial infections. Although disease onset is usually in early childhood, mild defects may present in late childhood or even in adulthood. A precise diagnosis is imperative not only for determining management strategies, but also for providing accurate genetic counseling, including prenatal diagnosis, and also in deciding empiric treatment of infections upfront before investigation reports are available.
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9
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Said R, Mortazavi H, Cooper D, Ovens K, McQuillan I, Papagerakis S, Papagerakis P. Deciphering the functions of Stromal Interaction Molecule-1 in amelogenesis using AmelX-iCre mice. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1100714. [PMID: 36935757 PMCID: PMC10014868 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1100714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The intracellular Ca2+ sensor stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is thought to play a critical role in enamel development, as its mutations cause Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI). We recently established an ameloblast-specific (AmelX-iCre) Stim1 conditional deletion mouse model to investigate the role of STIM1 in controlling ameloblast function and differentiation in vivo (Stim1 cKO). Our pilot data (Said et al., J. Dent. Res., 2019, 98, 1002-1010) support our hypothesis for a broad role of Stim1 in amelogenesis. This paper aims to provide an in-depth characterization of the enamel phenotype observed in our Stim1 cKO model. Methods: We crossed AmelX-iCre mice with Stim1-floxed animals to develop ameloblast-specific Stim1 cKO mice. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and micro- CT were used to study the enamel phenotype. RNAseq and RT-qPCR were utilized to evaluate changes in the gene expression of several key ameloblast genes. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the amelogenin, matrix metalloprotease 20 and kallikrein 4 proteins in ameloblasts. Results: Stim1 cKO animals exhibited a hypomineralized AI phenotype, with reduced enamel volume, diminished mineral density, and lower calcium content. The mutant enamel phenotype was more severe in older Stim1 cKO mice compared to younger ones and changes in enamel volume and mineral content were more pronounced in incisors compared to molars. Exploratory RNAseq analysis of incisors' ameloblasts suggested that ablation of Stim1 altered the expression levels of several genes encoding enamel matrix proteins which were confirmed by subsequent RT-qPCR. On the other hand, RT-qPCR analysis of molars' ameloblasts showed non-significant differences in the expression levels of enamel matrix genes between control and Stim1-deficient cells. Moreover, gene expression analysis of incisors' and molars' ameloblasts showed that Stim1 ablation caused changes in the expression levels of several genes associated with calcium transport and mitochondrial kinetics. Conclusions: Collectively, these findings suggest that the loss of Stim1 in ameloblasts may impact enamel mineralization and ameloblast gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Said
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Helyasadat Mortazavi
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - David Cooper
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Katie Ovens
- Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ian McQuillan
- Department of Computer Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Petros Papagerakis
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Petros Papagerakis,
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10
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Proteomic mapping and optogenetic manipulation of membrane contact sites. Biochem J 2022; 479:1857-1875. [PMID: 36111979 PMCID: PMC9555801 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Membrane contact sites (MCSs) mediate crucial physiological processes in eukaryotic cells, including ion signaling, lipid metabolism, and autophagy. Dysregulation of MCSs is closely related to various diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers. Visualization, proteomic mapping and manipulation of MCSs may help the dissection of the physiology and pathology MCSs. Recent technical advances have enabled better understanding of the dynamics and functions of MCSs. Here we present a summary of currently known functions of MCSs, with a focus on optical approaches to visualize and manipulate MCSs, as well as proteomic mapping within MCSs.
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11
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Shrestha N, Hye-Ryong Shim A, Maneshi MM, See-Wai Yeung P, Yamashita M, Prakriya M. Mapping interactions between the CRAC activation domain and CC1 regulating the activity of the ER Ca 2+ sensor STIM1. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102157. [PMID: 35724962 PMCID: PMC9304783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a widely expressed protein that functions as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ sensor and activator of Orai1 channels. In resting cells with replete Ca2+ stores, an inhibitory clamp formed by the coiled-coil 1 (CC1) domain interacting with the CRAC-activation domain (CAD) of STIM1 helps keep STIM1 in a quiescent state. Following depletion of ER Ca2+ stores, the brake is released, allowing CAD to extend away from the ER membrane and enabling it to activate Orai1 channels. However, the molecular determinants of CC1-CAD interactions that enforce the inhibitory clamp are incompletely understood. Here, we performed Ala mutagenesis in conjunction with live-cell FRET analysis to examine residues in CC1 and CAD that regulate the inhibitory clamp. Our results indicate that in addition to previously identified hotspots in CC1⍺1 and CC3, several hydrophobic residues in CC2 and the apex region of CAD are critical for CC1-CAD interactions. Mutations in these residues loosen the CC1-CAD inhibitory clamp to release CAD from CC1 in cells with replete Ca2+ stores. By contrast, altering the hydrophobic residues L265 and L273 strengthens the clamp to prevent STIM1 activation. Inclusion of the inactivation domain of STIM1 helps stabilize CC1-CAD interaction in several mutants to prevent spontaneous STIM1 activation. In addition, R426C, a human disease-linked mutation in CC3, affects the clamp but also impairs Orai1 binding to inhibit CRAC channel activation. These results identify the CC2, apex, and inactivation domain regions of STIM1 as important determinants of STIM1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ann Hye-Ryong Shim
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Maneshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Priscilla See-Wai Yeung
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Megumi Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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12
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Liu Y, Xie X, Wang P, Luo J, Chen Y, Xu Q, Zhou J, Lu X, Zhao J, Chen Z, Zuo D. Mannan-Binding Lectin Reduces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Fibrosis via Inactivating the Store-Operated Calcium Entry Machinery. J Innate Immun 2022; 15:37-49. [PMID: 35671705 PMCID: PMC10643902 DOI: 10.1159/000524693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a type of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with a poor clinical prognosis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to the production of pathogenic myofibroblasts and plays a pivotal role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is a soluble calcium-dependent complement molecule. Several studies have reported associations between serum MBL levels and lung diseases; however, the effect of MBL on IPF remains unknown. The present study observed aggravated pulmonary fibrosis in bleomycin-treated MBL-/- mice compared with their wild-type counterparts. Lung tissues from bleomycin-treated MBL-/- mice displayed a more severe EMT phenotype. In vitro studies determined that MBL inhibited the EMT process through attenuating store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) signaling. It was further demonstrated that MBL promoted the ubiquitination of Orai1, an essential component of SOCE, via pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1)-serum glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 signaling. PDK1 inhibition abolished the MBL-mediated regulation of SOCE activity and the EMT process. Notably, biochemical analysis showed that MBL interacted with PDK1 and contributed to PDK1 ubiquitination. In summary, the present findings suggested that MBL limited the EMT phenotype in human alveolar epithelial cells through regulation of SOCE, and MBL could be recognized as a potential therapeutic target for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianghuan Xie
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Luo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qishan Xu
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Zhao
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengliang Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daming Zuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Collins HE, Zhang D, Chatham JC. STIM and Orai Mediated Regulation of Calcium Signaling in Age-Related Diseases. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:876785. [PMID: 35821821 PMCID: PMC9261457 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.876785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tight spatiotemporal regulation of intracellular Ca2+ plays a critical role in regulating diverse cellular functions including cell survival, metabolism, and transcription. As a result, eukaryotic cells have developed a wide variety of mechanisms for controlling Ca2+ influx and efflux across the plasma membrane as well as Ca2+ release and uptake from intracellular stores. The STIM and Orai protein families comprising of STIM1, STIM2, Orai1, Orai2, and Orai3, are evolutionarily highly conserved proteins that are core components of all mammalian Ca2+ signaling systems. STIM1 and Orai1 are considered key players in the regulation of Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE), where release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores such as the Endoplasmic/Sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) triggers Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane. SOCE, which has been widely characterized in non-excitable cells, plays a central role in Ca2+-dependent transcriptional regulation. In addition to their role in Ca2+ signaling, STIM1 and Orai1 have been shown to contribute to the regulation of metabolism and mitochondrial function. STIM and Orai proteins are also subject to redox modifications, which influence their activities. Considering their ubiquitous expression, there has been increasing interest in the roles of STIM and Orai proteins in excitable cells such as neurons and myocytes. While controversy remains as to the importance of SOCE in excitable cells, STIM1 and Orai1 are essential for cellular homeostasis and their disruption is linked to various diseases associated with aging such as cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. The recent identification of splice variants for most STIM and Orai isoforms while complicating our understanding of their function, may also provide insight into some of the current contradictions on their roles. Therefore, the goal of this review is to describe our current understanding of the molecular regulation of STIM and Orai proteins and their roles in normal physiology and diseases of aging, with a particular focus on heart disease and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E. Collins
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Dingguo Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John C. Chatham
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States,*Correspondence: John C. Chatham,
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14
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Giang N, Mars M, Moreau M, Mejia JE, Bouchaud G, Magnan A, Michelet M, Ronsin B, Murphy GG, Striessnig J, Guéry J, Pelletier L, Savignac M. Separation of the Ca V 1.2-Ca V 1.3 calcium channel duo prevents type 2 allergic airway inflammation. Allergy 2022; 77:525-539. [PMID: 34181765 DOI: 10.1111/all.14993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Voltage-gated calcium (Cav 1) channels contribute to T-lymphocyte activation. Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3 channels are expressed in Th2 cells but their respective roles are unknown, which is investigated herein. METHODS We generated mice deleted for Cav 1.2 in T cells or Cav 1.3 and analyzed TCR-driven signaling. In this line, we developed original fast calcium imaging to measure early elementary calcium events (ECE). We also tested the impact of Cav 1.2 or Cav 1.3 deletion in models of type 2 airway inflammation. Finally, we checked whether the expression of both Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3 in T cells from asthmatic children correlates with Th2-cytokine expression. RESULTS We demonstrated non-redundant and synergistic functions of Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3 in Th2 cells. Indeed, the deficiency of only one channel in Th2 cells triggers TCR-driven hyporesponsiveness with weakened tyrosine phosphorylation profile, a strong decrease in initial ECE and subsequent reduction in the global calcium response. Moreover, Cav 1.3 has a particular role in calcium homeostasis. In accordance with the singular roles of Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3 in Th2 cells, deficiency in either one of these channels was sufficient to inhibit cardinal features of type 2 airway inflammation. Furthermore, Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3 must be co-expressed within the same CD4+ T cell to trigger allergic airway inflammation. Accordingly with the concerted roles of Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3, the expression of both channels by activated CD4+ T cells from asthmatic children was associated with increased Th2-cytokine transcription. CONCLUSIONS Thus, Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3 act as a duo, and targeting only one of these channels would be efficient in allergy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Giang
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III Toulouse France
| | - Marion Mars
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III Toulouse France
| | - Marc Moreau
- Centre de Biologie du Développement Centre de Biologie Intégrative Université de ToulouseCNRSUniversité Paul Sabatier III Toulouse France
| | - Jose E. Mejia
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III Toulouse France
| | | | - Antoine Magnan
- Institut du Thorax INSERM CNRSUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
- Service de Pneumologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes Nantes France
| | - Marine Michelet
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III Toulouse France
- Pediatric Pneumology and Allergology Unit Hôpital des EnfantsCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Toulouse Toulouse France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Pédiatrique/module plurithématique pédiatrique du CIC Toulouse France
| | - Brice Ronsin
- Centre de Biologie du Développement Centre de Biologie Intégrative Université de ToulouseCNRSUniversité Paul Sabatier III Toulouse France
| | - Geoffrey G. Murphy
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Joerg Striessnig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Institute of Pharmacy Center for Molecular Biosciences University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Jean‐Charles Guéry
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III Toulouse France
| | - Lucette Pelletier
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III Toulouse France
| | - Magali Savignac
- Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 CNRS UMR5051Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III Toulouse France
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15
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Chaki S, Alkanfari I, Roy S, Amponnawarat A, Hui Y, Oskeritzian CA, Ali H. Inhibition of Orai Channel Function Regulates Mas-Related G Protein-Coupled Receptor-Mediated Responses in Mast Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 12:803335. [PMID: 35126366 PMCID: PMC8810828 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.803335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are tissue resident immune cells that play important roles in the pathogenesis of allergic disorders. These responses are mediated via the cross-linking of cell surface high affinity IgE receptor (FcϵRI) by antigen resulting in calcium (Ca2+) mobilization, followed by degranulation and release of proinflammatory mediators. In addition to FcϵRI, cutaneous MCs express Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2; mouse ortholog MrgprB2). Activation of MRGPRX2/B2 by the neuropeptide substance P (SP) is implicated in neurogenic inflammation, chronic urticaria, mastocytosis and atopic dermatitis. Although Ca2+ entry is required for MRGPRX2/B2-mediated MC responses, the possibility that calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC/Orai) channels participate in these responses has not been tested. Lentiviral shRNA-mediated silencing of Orai1, Orai2 or Orai3 in a human MC line (LAD2 cells) resulted in partial inhibition of SP-induced Ca2+ mobilization, degranulation and cytokine/chemokine generation (TNF-α, IL-8, and CCL-3). Synta66, which blocks homo and hetero-dimerization of Orai channels, caused a more robust inhibition of SP-induced responses than knockdown of individual Orai channels. Synta66 also blocked SP-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and Akt phosphorylation and abrogated cytokine/chemokine production. It also inhibited SP-induced Ca2+ mobilization and degranulation in primary human skin MCs and mouse peritoneal MCs. Furthermore, Synta66 attenuated both SP-induced cutaneous vascular permeability and leukocyte recruitment in mouse peritoneum. These findings demonstrate that Orai channels contribute to MRGPRX2/B2-mediated MC activation and suggest that their inhibition could provide a novel approach for the modulation of SP-induced MC/MRGPRX2-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaswati Chaki
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ibrahim Alkanfari
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Faculty of Dentistry, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saptarshi Roy
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Aetas Amponnawarat
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Family and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yvonne Hui
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Carole A. Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Hydar Ali
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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16
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Identification of Copy Number Variations and Genetic Diversity in Italian Insular Sheep Breeds. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12020217. [PMID: 35049839 PMCID: PMC8773107 DOI: 10.3390/ani12020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Copy number variants (CNVs) are one of the major contributors to genetic diversity and phenotypic variation in livestock. The aim of this work is to identify CNVs and perform, for the first time, a CNV-based population genetics analysis with five Italian sheep breeds (Barbaresca, Comisana, Pinzirita, Sarda, and Valle del Belìce). We identified 10,207 CNVs with an average length of 1.81 Mb. The breeds showed similar mean numbers of CNVs, ranging from 20 (Sarda) to 27 (Comisana). A total of 365 CNV regions (CNVRs) were determined. The length of the CNVRs varied among breeds from 2.4 Mb to 124.1 Mb. The highest number of shared CNVRs was between Comisana and Pinzirita, and only one CNVR was shared among all breeds. Our results indicated that segregating CNVs expresses a certain degree of diversity across all breeds. Despite the low/moderate genetic differentiation among breeds, the different approaches used to disclose the genetic relationship showed that the five breeds tend to cluster in distinct groups, similar to the previous studies based on single-nucleotide polymorphism markers. Gene enrichment was described for the 37 CNVRs selected, considering the top 10%. Out of 181 total genes, 67 were uncharacterized loci. Gene Ontology analysis showed that several of these genes are involved in lipid metabolism, immune response, and the olfactory pathway. Our results corroborated previous studies and showed that CNVs represent valuable molecular resources for providing useful information for separating the population and could be further used to explore the function and evolutionary aspect of sheep genome.
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17
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Adriawan IR, Atschekzei F, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Garantziotis P, Hirsch S, Risser LM, Kosanke M, Schmidt RE, Witte T, Sogkas G. Novel aspects of regulatory T cell dysfunction as a therapeutic target in giant cell arteritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:124-131. [PMID: 34583923 PMCID: PMC8762021 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common primary vasculitis, preferentially affecting the aorta and its large-calibre branches. An imbalance between proinflammatory CD4+ T helper cell subsets and regulatory T cells (Tregs) is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of GCA and Treg dysfunction has been associated with active disease. Our work aims to explore the aetiology of Treg dysfunction and the way it is affected by remission-inducing immunomodulatory regimens. METHODS A total of 41 GCA patients were classified into active disease (n=14) and disease in remission (n=27). GCA patients' and healthy blood donors' (HD) Tregs were sorted and subjected to transcriptome and phenotypic analysis. RESULTS Transcriptome analysis revealed 27 genes, which were differentially regulated between GCA-derived and HD-derived Tregs. Among those, we identified transcription factors, glycolytic enzymes and IL-2 signalling mediators. We confirmed the downregulation of forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) at protein level and identified the ineffective induction of glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP) and CD25 as well as the reduced T cell receptor (TCR)-induced calcium influx as correlates of Treg dysfunction in GCA. Inhibition of glycolysis in HD-derived Tregs recapitulated most identified dysfunctions of GCA Tregs, suggesting the central pathogenic role of the downregulation of the glycolytic enzymes. Separate analysis of the subgroup of tocilizumab-treated patients identified the recovery of the TCR-induced calcium influx and the Treg suppressive function to associate with disease remission. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that low glycolysis and calcium signalling account for Treg dysfunction and inflammation in GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignatius Ryan Adriawan
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Faranaz Atschekzei
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefanie Hirsch
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Maike Kosanke
- Research Core Unit Genomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold Ernst Schmidt
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Torsten Witte
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Georgios Sogkas
- Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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18
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Khedkar NR, Irlapatti NR, Dadke D, Kanoje V, Shaikh Z, Karche V, Shinde V, Deshmukh G, Patil A, Jachak S, Phukan S, Kizhakinagath PA, Gholve M, Bhankhede T, Daler J, Nemade HN, Budhe S, Pareek H, Yeshodharan R, Gupta R, Kalia A, Pandey D, Wagh A, Kumar S, Patil V, Modi D, Sharma N, Ahirrao P, Mehta M, Kumar H, Nigade P, Tamane K, Mallurwar S, Kuldharan S, Pawar S, Vishwase G, Bokan S, Singh M, Naik K, Ingawale S, Shankar R, Kamalakannan P, Venugopal S, George SK, Padiya KJ, Nemmani KVS, Gundu J, Bhonde M, Narasimham L, Sindkhedkar M, Shah C, Sinha N, Sharma S, Bakhle D, Kamboj RK, Palle VP. Discovery of a Novel Potent and Selective Calcium Release-Activated Calcium Channel Inhibitor: 2,6-Difluoro- N-(2'-methyl-3'-(4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)benzamide. Structure-Activity Relationship and Preclinical Characterization. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17004-17030. [PMID: 34843241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The role of calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels is well characterized and is of particular importance in T-cell function. CRAC channels are involved in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, making it an attractive therapeutic target for treating inflammatory diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A systematic structure-activity relationship study with the goal of optimizing lipophilicity successfully yielded two lead compounds, 36 and 37. Both compounds showed decent potency and selectivity and a remarkable pharmacokinetic profile. Further characterization in in vivo RA models and subsequent histopathological evaluation of tissues led to the identification of 36 as a clinical candidate. Compound 36 displayed an excellent safety profile and had a sufficient safety margin to qualify it for use in human testing. Oral administration of 36 in Phase 1 clinical study in healthy volunteers established favorable safety, tolerability, and good target engagement as measured by levels of IL-2 and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Raghunath Khedkar
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Nageswara Rao Irlapatti
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Disha Dadke
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Vijay Kanoje
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Zubair Shaikh
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Vijay Karche
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Vikas Shinde
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Gokul Deshmukh
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Amit Patil
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Santosh Jachak
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Samiron Phukan
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Praveenkumar Anidil Kizhakinagath
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Milind Gholve
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Trupti Bhankhede
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Jagadeesh Daler
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Harshal Narendra Nemade
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Sagar Budhe
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Himani Pareek
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Rajesh Yeshodharan
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Rajesh Gupta
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Anil Kalia
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Dilip Pandey
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Akshaya Wagh
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Swaroop Kumar
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Vinod Patil
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Dipak Modi
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Prajakta Ahirrao
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Maneesh Mehta
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Prashant Nigade
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Kaustubh Tamane
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Sadanand Mallurwar
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Sandip Kuldharan
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Shashikant Pawar
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Gururaj Vishwase
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Sanjay Bokan
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Minakshi Singh
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Kumar Naik
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Sachin Ingawale
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Rajesh Shankar
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Prabakaran Kamalakannan
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Spinvin Venugopal
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Shaji K George
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Kamlesh J Padiya
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Kumar V S Nemmani
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Jaysagar Gundu
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Mandar Bhonde
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Lakshmi Narasimham
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Milind Sindkhedkar
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Chirag Shah
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Neelima Sinha
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Sharad Sharma
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Dhananjay Bakhle
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Rajender Kumar Kamboj
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
| | - Venkata P Palle
- Novel Drug Discovery & Development, Lupin Ltd., Lupin Research Park, Survey No. 46 A/47 A, Village Nande, Taluka Mulshi, Pune 412115, India
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19
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Expression of ORAI1 and STIM1 genes in blood of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46:275-282. [PMID: 34764799 PMCID: PMC8568024 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2021.106998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to detect the expression level of ORAI1 and STIM1 genes in blood of patients with bilateral pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in comparison with the control group. Both genes encode proteins providing store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) into the cells, including immune cells, to activate transcriptional factors for producing cytokines and inflammation-restricting proteins. The study included 45 patients with confirmed TB, aged 20 to 86, and 35 volunteers, aged from 21 to 73, without active TB infection. The expression of ORAI1 and STIM1 genes in blood was performed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as the referent gene. Inflammation was assessed by levels of interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin 18 (IL-18) in serum (ELISA method). The results showed lower expression of ORAI1 in blood and higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-18 in serum of TB patients than that of the control group and no differences in expression of the STIM1 gene. It indicates some impairment in the SOCE mechanism of immune cells, which is associated with TB.
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20
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Calsequestrin 1 Is an Active Partner of Stromal Interaction Molecule 2 in Skeletal Muscle. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112821. [PMID: 34831044 PMCID: PMC8616366 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Calsequestrin 1 (CASQ1) in skeletal muscle buffers and senses Ca2+ in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). CASQ1 also regulates store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) by binding to stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1). Abnormal SOCE and/or abnormal expression or mutations in CASQ1, STIM1, or STIM2 are associated with human skeletal, cardiac, or smooth muscle diseases. However, the functional relevance of CASQ1 along with STIM2 has not been studied in any tissue, including skeletal muscle. First, in the present study, it was found by biochemical approaches that CASQ1 is bound to STIM2 via its 92 N-terminal amino acids (C1 region). Next, to examine the functional relevance of the CASQ1-STIM2 interaction in skeletal muscle, the full-length wild-type CASQ1 or the C1 region was expressed in mouse primary skeletal myotubes, and the myotubes were examined using single-myotube Ca2+ imaging experiments and transmission electron microscopy observations. The CASQ1-STIM2 interaction via the C1 region decreased SOCE, increased intracellular Ca2+ release for skeletal muscle contraction, and changed intracellular Ca2+ distributions (high Ca2+ in the SR and low Ca2+ in the cytosol were observed). Furthermore, the C1 region itself (which lacks Ca2+-buffering ability but has STIM2-binding ability) decreased the expression of Ca2+-related proteins (canonical-type transient receptor potential cation channel type 6 and calmodulin 1) and induced mitochondrial shape abnormalities. Therefore, in skeletal muscle, CASQ1 plays active roles in Ca2+ movement and distribution by interacting with STIM2 as well as Ca2+ sensing and buffering.
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21
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Dudev T, Grauffel C, Lim C. Calcium in Signaling: Its Specificity and Vulnerabilities toward Biogenic and Abiogenic Metal Ions. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10419-10431. [PMID: 34515482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Divalent calcium ion (Ca2+) plays an indispensable role as a second messenger in a myriad of signal transduction processes. Of utmost importance for the faultless functioning of calcium-modulated signaling proteins is their binding selectivity of the native metal cation over rival biogenic/abiogenic metal ion contenders in the intra/extracellular fluids. In this Perspective, we summarize recent findings on the competition between the cognate Ca2+ and other biogenic or abiogenic divalent cations for binding to Ca2+-signaling proteins or organic cofactors. We describe the competition between the two most abundant intracellular biogenic metal ions (Mg2+ and Ca2+) for Ca2+-binding sites in signaling proteins, followed by the rivalry between native Ca2+ and "therapeutic" Li+ as well as "toxic" Pb2+. We delineate the key factors governing the rivalry between the native and non-native cations in proteins and highlight key implications for the biological performance of the respective proteins/organic cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todor Dudev
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Cédric Grauffel
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Carmay Lim
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300 Taiwan
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22
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Dynes JL, Yeromin AV, Cahalan MD. Cell-wide mapping of Orai1 channel activity reveals functional heterogeneity in STIM1-Orai1 puncta. J Gen Physiol 2021; 152:151900. [PMID: 32589186 PMCID: PMC7478869 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon Ca2+ store depletion, Orai1 channels cluster and open at endoplasmic reticulum–plasma membrane (ER–PM) junctions in signaling complexes called puncta. Little is known about whether and how Orai1 channel activity may vary between individual puncta. Previously, we developed and validated optical recording of Orai channel activity, using genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators fused to Orai1 or Orai3 N or C termini. We have now combined total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy with whole-cell recording to map functional properties of channels at individual puncta. After Ca2+ store depletion in HEK cells cotransfected with mCherry-STIM1 and Orai1-GCaMP6f, Orai1-GCaMP6f fluorescence increased progressively with increasingly negative test potentials and robust responses could be recorded from individual puncta. Cell-wide fluorescence half-rise and -fall times during steps to −100 mV test potential indicated probe response times of <50 ms. The in situ Orai1-GCaMP6f affinity for Ca2+ was 620 nM, assessed by monitoring fluorescence using buffered Ca2+ solutions in “unroofed” cells. Channel activity and temporal activation profile were tracked in individual puncta using image maps and automated puncta identification and recording. Simultaneous measurement of mCherry-STIM1 fluorescence uncovered an unexpected gradient in STIM1/Orai1 ratio that extends across the cell surface. Orai1-GCaMP6f channel activity was found to vary across the cell, with inactive channels occurring in the corners of cells where the STIM1/Orai1 ratio was lowest; low-activity channels typically at edges displayed a slow activation phase lasting hundreds of milliseconds. Puncta with high STIM1/Orai1 ratios exhibited a range of channel activity that appeared unrelated to the stoichiometric requirements for gating. These findings demonstrate functional heterogeneity of Orai1 channel activity between individual puncta and establish a new experimental platform that facilitates systematic comparisons between puncta composition and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Dynes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California at Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Andriy V Yeromin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California at Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Michael D Cahalan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California at Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA.,Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
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23
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Abstract
Conduction disorders and arrhythmias remain difficult to treat and are increasingly prevalent owing to the increasing age and body mass of the general population, because both are risk factors for arrhythmia. Many of the underlying conditions that give rise to arrhythmia - including atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia, which frequently occur in patients with acute myocardial ischaemia or heart failure - can have an inflammatory component. In the past, inflammation was viewed mostly as an epiphenomenon associated with arrhythmia; however, the recently discovered inflammatory and non-canonical functions of cardiac immune cells indicate that leukocytes can be arrhythmogenic either by altering tissue composition or by interacting with cardiomyocytes; for example, by changing their phenotype or perhaps even by directly interfering with conduction. In this Review, we discuss the electrophysiological properties of leukocytes and how these cells relate to conduction in the heart. Given the thematic parallels, we also summarize the interactions between immune cells and neural systems that influence information transfer, extrapolating findings from the field of neuroscience to the heart and defining common themes. We aim to bridge the knowledge gap between electrophysiology and immunology, to promote conceptual connections between these two fields and to explore promising opportunities for future research.
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24
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Tiffner A, Derler I. Isoform-Specific Properties of Orai Homologues in Activation, Downstream Signaling, Physiology and Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8020. [PMID: 34360783 PMCID: PMC8347056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ ion channels are critical in a variety of physiological events, including cell growth, differentiation, gene transcription and apoptosis. One such essential entry pathway for calcium into the cell is the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel. It consists of the Ca2+ sensing protein, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and a Ca2+ ion channel Orai in the plasma membrane. The Orai channel family includes three homologues Orai1, Orai2 and Orai3. While Orai1 is the "classical" Ca2+ ion channel within the CRAC channel complex and plays a universal role in the human body, there is increasing evidence that Orai2 and Orai3 are important in specific physiological and pathophysiological processes. This makes them an attractive target in drug discovery, but requires a detailed understanding of the three Orai channels and, in particular, their differences. Orai channel activation is initiated via Ca2+ store depletion, which is sensed by STIM1 proteins, and induces their conformational change and oligomerization. Upon STIM1 coupling, Orai channels activate to allow Ca2+ permeation into the cell. While this activation mechanism is comparable among the isoforms, they differ by a number of functional and structural properties due to non-conserved regions in their sequences. In this review, we summarize the knowledge as well as open questions in our current understanding of the three isoforms in terms of their structure/function relationship, downstream signaling and physiology as well as pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4020 Linz, Austria;
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25
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Robinson LJ, Soboloff J, Tourkova IL, Larrouture QC, Witt MR, Gross S, Hooper R, Samakai E, Worley PF, Barnett JB, Blair HC. The function of the calcium channel Orai1 in osteoclast development. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21653. [PMID: 34009685 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001921rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To determine the intrinsic role of Orai1 in osteoclast development, Orai1-floxed mice were bred with LysMcre mice to delete Orai1 from the myeloid lineage. PCR, in situ labelling and Western analysis showed Orai1 deletion in myeloid-lineage cells, including osteoclasts, as expected. Surprisingly, bone resorption was maintained in vivo, despite loss of multinucleated osteoclasts; instead, a large number of mononuclear cells bearing tartrate resistant acid phosphatase were observed on cell surfaces. An in vitro resorption assay confirmed that RANKL-treated Orai1 null cells, also TRAP-positive but mononuclear, degraded matrix, albeit at a reduced rate compared to wild type osteoclasts. This shows that mononuclear osteoclasts can degrade bone, albeit less efficiently. Further unexpected findings included that Orai1fl/fl -LysMcre vertebrae showed slightly reduced bone density in 16-week-old mice, despite Orai1 deletion only in myeloid cells; however, this mild difference resolved with age. In summary, in vitro analysis showed a severe defect in osteoclast multinucleation in Orai1 negative mononuclear cells, consistent with prior studies using less targeted strategies, but with evidence of resorption in vivo and unexpected secondary effects on bone formation leaving bone mass largely unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Robinson
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Laboratory Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irina L Tourkova
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Quitterie C Larrouture
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michelle R Witt
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Laboratory Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Scott Gross
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert Hooper
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elsie Samakai
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul F Worley
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John B Barnett
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Harry C Blair
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Pittsburgh VA Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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26
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Cellular and molecular mechanisms breaking immune tolerance in inborn errors of immunity. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1122-1140. [PMID: 33795850 PMCID: PMC8015752 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to susceptibility to infections, conventional primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) and inborn errors of immunity (IEI) can cause immune dysregulation, manifesting as lymphoproliferative and/or autoimmune disease. Autoimmunity can be the prominent phenotype of PIDs and commonly includes cytopenias and rheumatological diseases, such as arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Sjogren's syndrome (SjS). Recent advances in understanding the genetic basis of systemic autoimmune diseases and PIDs suggest an at least partially shared genetic background and therefore common pathogenic mechanisms. Here, we explore the interconnected pathogenic pathways of autoimmunity and primary immunodeficiency, highlighting the mechanisms breaking the different layers of immune tolerance to self-antigens in selected IEI.
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27
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Rosenberg P, Zhang H, Bryson VG, Wang C. SOCE in the cardiomyocyte: the secret is in the chambers. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:417-434. [PMID: 33638008 PMCID: PMC7910201 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is an ancient and ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling pathway that is present in virtually every cell type. Over the last two decades, many studies have implicated this non-voltage dependent Ca2+ entry pathway in cardiac physiology. The relevance of the SOCE pathway in cardiomyocytes is often questioned given the well-established role for excitation contraction coupling. In this review, we consider the evidence that STIM1 and SOCE contribute to Ca2+ dynamics in cardiomyocytes. We discuss the relevance of this pathway to cardiac growth in response to developmental and pathologic cues. We also address whether STIM1 contributes to Ca2+ store refilling that likely impacts cardiac pacemaking and arrhythmogenesis in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Rosenberg
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
| | - Hengtao Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | | | - Chaojian Wang
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
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28
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Prakriya M. Calcium and cell function. J Physiol 2021; 598:1647-1648. [PMID: 32350889 DOI: 10.1113/jp279541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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29
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Yamashita M, Ing CE, Yeung PSW, Maneshi MM, Pomès R, Prakriya M. The basic residues in the Orai1 channel inner pore promote opening of the outer hydrophobic gate. J Gen Physiol 2021; 152:132615. [PMID: 31816637 PMCID: PMC7034092 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201912397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CRAC channels contain a cluster of positively charged residues in the inner pore whose function is not understood. Here, we show that these positive charges promote pore opening by enhancing hydration of the hydrophobic gate located at the outer end of the pore. Store-operated Orai1 channels regulate a wide range of cellular functions from gene expression to cell proliferation. Previous studies have shown that gating of Orai1 channels is regulated by the outer pore residues V102 and F99, which together function as a hydrophobic gate to block ion conduction in resting channels. Opening of this gate occurs through a conformational change that moves F99 away from the permeation pathway, leading to pore hydration and ion conduction. In addition to this outer hydrophobic gate, several studies have postulated the presence of an inner gate formed by the basic residues R91, K87, and R83 in the inner pore. These positively charged residues were suggested to block ion conduction in closed channels via mechanisms involving either electrostatic repulsion or steric occlusion by a bound anion plug. However, in contrast to this model, here we find that neutralization of the basic residues dose-dependently abolishes both STIM1-mediated and STIM1-independent activation of Orai1 channels. Molecular dynamics simulations show that loss of the basic residues dehydrates the pore around the hydrophobic gate and stabilizes the pore in a closed configuration. Likewise, the severe combined immunodeficiency mutation, Orai1 R91W, closes the channel by dewetting the hydrophobic stretch of the pore and stabilizing F99 in a pore-facing configuration. Loss of STIM1-gating in R91W and in the other basic residue mutants is rescued by a V102A mutation, which restores pore hydration at the hydrophobic gate to repermit ion conduction. These results indicate that the inner pore basic residues facilitate opening of the principal outer hydrophobic gate through a long-range effect involving hydration of the outer pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Christopher E Ing
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Priscilla See-Wai Yeung
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Mohammad M Maneshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Régis Pomès
- Molecular Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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30
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The Role of Thermosensitive Ion Channels in Mammalian Thermoregulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1349:355-370. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4254-8_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Zöphel D, Hof C, Lis A. Altered Ca 2+ Homeostasis in Immune Cells during Aging: Role of Ion Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010110. [PMID: 33374304 PMCID: PMC7794837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is an unstoppable process and begins shortly after birth. Each cell of the organism is affected by the irreversible process, not only with equal density but also at varying ages and with different speed. Therefore, aging can also be understood as an adaptation to a continually changing cellular environment. One of these very prominent changes in age affects Ca2+ signaling. Especially immune cells highly rely on Ca2+-dependent processes and a strictly regulated Ca2+ homeostasis. The intricate patterns of impaired immune cell function may represent a deficit or compensatory mechanisms. Besides, altered immune function through Ca2+ signaling can profoundly affect the development of age-related disease. This review attempts to summarize changes in Ca2+ signaling due to channels and receptors in T cells and beyond in the context of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annette Lis
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-06841-1616318; Fax: +49-(0)-6841-1616302
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32
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Tiffner A, Derler I. Molecular Choreography and Structure of Ca 2+ Release-Activated Ca 2+ (CRAC) and K Ca2+ Channels and Their Relevance in Disease with Special Focus on Cancer. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10120425. [PMID: 33333945 PMCID: PMC7765462 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10120425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ ions play a variety of roles in the human body as well as within a single cell. Cellular Ca2+ signal transduction processes are governed by Ca2+ sensing and Ca2+ transporting proteins. In this review, we discuss the Ca2+ and the Ca2+-sensing ion channels with particular focus on the structure-function relationship of the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) ion channel, the Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa2+) ion channels, and their modulation via other cellular components. Moreover, we highlight their roles in healthy signaling processes as well as in disease with a special focus on cancer. As KCa2+ channels are activated via elevations of intracellular Ca2+ levels, we summarize the current knowledge on the action mechanisms of the interplay of CRAC and KCa2+ ion channels and their role in cancer cell development.
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33
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Lilliu E, Hilber K, Launikonis BS, Koenig X. Phasic Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry During Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal Muscle Fibers From Exercised Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:597647. [PMID: 33262706 PMCID: PMC7688469 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.597647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) plays a pivotal role in skeletal muscle physiology as, when impaired, the muscle is prone to early fatigue and the development of different myopathies. A chronic mode of slow SOCE activation is carried by stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and calcium-release activated channel 1 (ORAI1) proteins. A phasic mode of fast SOCE (pSOCE) occurs upon single muscle twitches in synchrony with excitation-contraction coupling, presumably activated by a local and transient depletion at the terminal cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-stores. Both SOCE mechanisms are poorly understood. In particular, pSOCE has not been described in detail because the conditions required for its detection in mouse skeletal muscle have not been established to date. Here we report the first measurements of pSOCE in mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle fibers using electrical field stimulation (EFS) in a skinned fiber preparation. We show moderate voluntary wheel running to be a prerequisite to render muscle fibers reasonably susceptible for EFS, and thereby define an experimental paradigm to measure pSOCE in mouse muscle. Continuous monitoring of the physical activity of mice housed in cages equipped with running wheels revealed an optimal training period of 5-6 days, whereby best responsiveness to EFS negatively correlated with running distance and speed. A comparison of pSOCE kinetic data in mouse with those previously derived from rat muscle demonstrated very similar properties and suggests the existence and similar function of pSOCE across mammalian species. The new technique presented herein enables future experiments with genetically modified mouse models to define the molecular entities, presumably STIM1 and ORAI1, and the physiological role of pSOCE in health and under conditions of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lilliu
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karlheinz Hilber
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bradley S. Launikonis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xaver Koenig
- Department of Neurophysiology and Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Evaluation for the Genetic Association between Store-Operated Calcium Influx Pathway (STIM1 and ORAI1) and Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110388. [PMID: 33182378 PMCID: PMC7695319 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often develops from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) through replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Calcium (Ca2+) signaling plays an essential role in HBV replication. Store-operated calcium (SOC) channels are a major pathway of Ca2+ entry into non-excitable cells such as immune cells and cancer cells. The basic components of SOC signaling include the STIM1 and ORAI1 genes. However, the roles of STIM1 and ORAI1 in HBV-mediated HCC are still unclear. Thus, long-term follow-up of HBV cohort was carried out in this study. This study recruited 3631 patients with chronic hepatitis (345 patients with HCC, 3286 patients without HCC) in a Taiwanese population. Genetic variants of the STIM1 and ORAI1 genes were detected using an Axiom CHB1 genome-wide array. Clinical associations of 40 polymorphisms were analyzed. Three of the STIM1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs6578418, rs7116520, and rs11030472) and one SNP of ORAI1 (rs6486795) showed a trend of being associated with HCC disease (p < 0.05). However, after correction for multiple testing, none of the SNPs reached a significant level (q > 0.05); in contrast, neither STIM1 nor ORAI1 showed a significant association with HCC progression in CHB patients. Functional studies by both total internal reflection fluorescence images and transwell migration assay indicated the critical roles of SOC-mediated signaling in HCC migration. In conclusion, we reported a weak correlation between STIM1/ORAI1 polymorphisms and the risk of HCC progression in CHB patients.
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Ambler R, Edmunds GL, Tan SL, Cirillo S, Pernes JI, Ruan X, Huete-Carrasco J, Wong CCW, Lu J, Ward J, Toti G, Hedges AJ, Dovedi SJ, Murphy RF, Morgan DJ, Wülfing C. PD-1 suppresses the maintenance of cell couples between cytotoxic T cells and target tumor cells within the tumor. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/649/eaau4518. [PMID: 32934075 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aau4518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The killing of tumor cells by CD8+ T cells is suppressed by the tumor microenvironment, and increased expression of inhibitory receptors, including programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), is associated with tumor-mediated suppression of T cells. To find cellular defects triggered by tumor exposure and associated PD-1 signaling, we established an ex vivo imaging approach to investigate the response of antigen-specific, activated effector CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) after interaction with target tumor cells. Although TIL-tumor cell couples readily formed, couple stability deteriorated within minutes. This was associated with impaired F-actin clearing from the center of the cellular interface, reduced Ca2+ signaling, increased TIL locomotion, and impaired tumor cell killing. The interaction of CD8+ T lymphocytes with tumor cell spheroids in vitro induced a similar phenotype, supporting a critical role of direct T cell-tumor cell contact. Diminished engagement of PD-1 within the tumor, but not acute ex vivo blockade, partially restored cell couple maintenance and killing. PD-1 thus contributes to the suppression of TIL function by inducing a state of impaired subcellular organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Ambler
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Grace L Edmunds
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Sin Lih Tan
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Silvia Cirillo
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Jane I Pernes
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Xiongtao Ruan
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jorge Huete-Carrasco
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Carissa C W Wong
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Jiahe Lu
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Juma Ward
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Giulia Toti
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Alan J Hedges
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Simon J Dovedi
- R&D Oncology, AstraZeneca, Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, UK
| | - Robert F Murphy
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Departments of Biological Sciences, Biomedical Engineering and Machine Learning, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies and Faculty of Biology, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - David J Morgan
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Christoph Wülfing
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
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Bruce JIE, James AD. Targeting the Calcium Signalling Machinery in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092351. [PMID: 32825277 PMCID: PMC7565467 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is caused by excessive cell proliferation and a propensity to avoid cell death, while the spread of cancer is facilitated by enhanced cellular migration, invasion, and vascularization. Cytosolic Ca2+ is central to each of these important processes, yet to date, there are no cancer drugs currently being used clinically, and very few undergoing clinical trials, that target the Ca2+ signalling machinery. The aim of this review is to highlight some of the emerging evidence that targeting key components of the Ca2+ signalling machinery represents a novel and relatively untapped therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason I. E. Bruce
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-161-275-5484
| | - Andrew D. James
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK;
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Protasi F, Pietrangelo L, Boncompagni S. Calcium entry units (CEUs): perspectives in skeletal muscle function and disease. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2020; 42:233-249. [PMID: 32812118 PMCID: PMC8332569 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-020-09586-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades the term Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) has been used in the scientific literature to describe an ubiquitous cellular mechanism that allows recovery of calcium (Ca2+) from the extracellular space. SOCE is triggered by a reduction of Ca2+ content (i.e. depletion) in intracellular stores, i.e. endoplasmic or sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER and SR). In skeletal muscle the mechanism is primarily mediated by a physical interaction between stromal interaction molecule-1 (STIM1), a Ca2+ sensor located in the SR membrane, and ORAI1, a Ca2+-permeable channel of external membranes, located in transverse tubules (TTs), the invaginations of the plasma membrane (PM) deputed to propagation of action potentials. It is generally accepted that in skeletal muscle SOCE is important to limit muscle fatigue during repetitive stimulation. We recently discovered that exercise promotes the assembly of new intracellular junctions that contains colocalized STIM1 and ORAI1, and that the presence of these new junctions increases Ca2+ entry via ORAI1, while improving fatigue resistance during repetitive stimulation. Based on these findings we named these new junctions Ca2+ Entry Units (CEUs). CEUs are dynamic organelles that assemble during muscle activity and disassemble during recovery thanks to the plasticity of the SR (containing STIM1) and the elongation/retraction of TTs (bearing ORAI1). Interestingly, similar structures described as SR stacks were previously reported in different mouse models carrying mutations in proteins involved in Ca2+ handling (calsequestrin-null mice; triadin and junctin null mice, etc.) or associated to microtubules (MAP6 knockout mice). Mutations in Stim1 and Orai1 (and calsequestrin-1) genes have been associated to tubular aggregate myopathy (TAM), a muscular disease characterized by: (a) muscle pain, cramping, or weakness that begins in childhood and worsens over time, and (b) the presence of large accumulations of ordered SR tubes (tubular aggregates, TAs) that do not contain myofibrils, mitochondria, nor TTs. Interestingly, TAs are also present in fast twitch muscle fibers of ageing mice. Several important issues remain un-answered: (a) the molecular mechanisms and signals that trigger the remodeling of membranes and the functional activation of SOCE during exercise are unclear; and (b) how dysfunctional SOCE and/or mutations in Stim1, Orai1 and calsequestrin (Casq1) genes lead to the formation of tubular aggregates (TAs) in aging and disease deserve investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feliciano Protasi
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
- DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simona Boncompagni
- CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- DNICS, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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Aki A, Tanaka K, Nagaoka N, Kimura T, Baba D, Onodera Y, Wada T, Maeda H, Nakanishi T, Agatsuma T, Komai T. Anti-ORAI1 antibody DS-2741a, a specific CRAC channel blocker, shows ideal therapeutic profiles for allergic disease via suppression of aberrant T-cell and mast cell activation. FASEB Bioadv 2020; 2:478-488. [PMID: 32821879 PMCID: PMC7429349 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2020-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ORAI1 constitutes the pore-forming subunit of the calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channel, which is responsible for store-operated calcium entry into lymphocytes. It is known that ORAI1 is essential for the activation of T cells and mast cells and is considered to be a potent therapeutic target for autoimmune and allergic diseases. Here, we obtained a new humanized antibody, DS-2741a, that inhibits ORAI1 function. DS-2741a bound to human-ORAI1 with high affinity and without cross-reactivity to rodent Orai1. DS-2741a demonstrated suppression of CRAC-mediated human and mouse T-cell activation and mast cell degranulation in human ORAI1 knock-in mice. Furthermore, DS-2741a ameliorated house dust mite antigen-induced dermatitis in the human ORAI1 knock-in mouse. Taken together, DS-2741a inhibited T-cell and mast cell functions, thus improving skin inflammation in animal models of atopic dermatitis and reinforcing the need for investigation of DS-2741a for the treatment of allergic diseases in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anri Aki
- R&D DivisionSpecialty Medicine Research Laboratories I, Research FunctionDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Kento Tanaka
- Oncology FunctionR&D DivisionOncology Research Laboratories IDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Nobumi Nagaoka
- Biologics DivisionModality Research LaboratoriesDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Takako Kimura
- Structure‐Based Drug Design GroupOrganic Synthesis DepartmentDaiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Daichi Baba
- Quality & Safety Management DivisionPost‐Marketing Regulatory Affairs DepartmentDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Yoshikuni Onodera
- Vaccine Research LaboratoriesBiologics DivisionDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Teiji Wada
- Oncology FunctionR&D DivisionOncology Research Laboratories IDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Hiroaki Maeda
- R&D DivisionR&D Planning & Management DepartmentDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakanishi
- R&D DivisionR&D Planning & Management DepartmentDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Toshinori Agatsuma
- Oncology FunctionR&D DivisionOncology Research Laboratories IDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
| | - Tomoaki Komai
- R&D DivisionR&D General Affairs & Human Resources DepartmentDaiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.TokyoJapan
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40
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Naik PA. Modeling the mechanics of calcium regulation in T lymphocyte: A finite element method approach. INT J BIOMATH 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793524520500382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Changes in cellular Ca[Formula: see text] concentration control a variety of physiological activities including hormone and neurotransmitter release, muscular contraction, synaptic plasticity, ionic channel permeability, apoptosis, enzyme activity, gene transcription and reproduction process. Spatial–temporal Ca[Formula: see text] dynamics due to Ca[Formula: see text] release, buffering and re-uptaking plays a central role in studying the Ca[Formula: see text] regulation in T lymphocytes. In most cases, Ca[Formula: see text] has its major signaling function when it is elevated in the cytosolic compartment. In this paper, a two-dimensional mathematical model to study spatiotemporal variations of intracellular Ca[Formula: see text] concentration in T lymphocyte cell is proposed and investigated. The cell is assumed to be a circular shaped geometrical domain for the representation of properties of Ca[Formula: see text] dynamics within the cell including important parameters. Ca[Formula: see text] binding proteins for the dynamics of Ca[Formula: see text] are itself buffer and other physiological parameters located in Ca[Formula: see text] stores. The model incorporates the important biophysical processes like diffusion, reaction, voltage-gated Ca[Formula: see text] channel, leak from endoplasmic reticulum (ER), efflux from cytosol to ER via sarco–ER Ca[Formula: see text] adenosine triphosphate (SERCA) pumps, buffers and Na[Formula: see text] exchanger. The proposed mathematical model is solved using a finite difference method and the finite element method. Appropriate initial and boundary conditions are incorporated in the model based on biophysical conditions of the problem. Computer simulations in MATLAB R2019b are employed to investigate mathematical models of reaction–diffusion equation. The effect of source, buffer, Na[Formula: see text]/Ca[Formula: see text] exchanger, etc. on spatial and temporal patterns of Ca[Formula: see text] in T lymphocyte has been studied with the help of numerical results. From the obtained results, it is observed that, the coordinated combination of the incorporated parameters plays a significant role in Ca[Formula: see text] regulation in T lymphocytes. ER leak and voltage-gated Ca[Formula: see text] channel provides the necessary Ca[Formula: see text] to the cell when required for its proper functioning, while on the other side buffers, SERCA pump and Na[Formula: see text]/Ca[Formula: see text] exchanger makes balance in the Ca[Formula: see text] concentration, so as to prevent the cell from death as higher concentration for longer time is harmful for the cell and can cause cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaiz Ahmad Naik
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
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Dhande IS, Kneedler SC, Zhu Y, Joshi AS, Hicks MJ, Wenderfer SE, Braun MC, Doris PA. Natural genetic variation in Stim1 creates stroke in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Genes Immun 2020; 21:182-192. [PMID: 32300198 PMCID: PMC7274944 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-020-0097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Similar to humans, the risk of cerebrovascular disease in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-A3/SHRSP) arises from naturally occurring genetic variation. In the present study, we show the involvement of genetic variation affecting the store-operated calcium signaling gene, Stim1, in the pathogenesis of stroke in SHR. Stim1 is a key lymphocyte activation signaling molecule and contains functional variation in SHR-A3 that diverges from stroke-resistant SHR-B2. We created a SHR-A3 congenic line in which Stim1 was substituted with the corresponding genomic segment from SHR-B2. Compared with SHR-A3 rats, Stim1 congenic SHR-A3 (SHR-A3(Stim1-B2)) have reduced cerebrovascular disease in response to salt loading including lower neurological deficit scores and cerebral edema. Microbleeds and major hemorrhages occurred in over half of SHR-A3 rats. These lesions were absent in SHR-A3(Stim1-B2) rats. Loss of Stim1 function in mice and humans is associated with antibody-mediated autoimmunity due to defects in T lymphocyte helper function to B cells. We investigated autoantibody formation using a high-density protein array to detect the presence of IgG and IgM autoantibodies in SHR-A3. Autoantibodies to key cerebrovascular stress proteins were detected that were reduced in the congenic line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha S Dhande
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sterling C Kneedler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yaming Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Aniket S Joshi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - M John Hicks
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Scott E Wenderfer
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Michael C Braun
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Peter A Doris
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Vincenzi M, Mercurio FA, Leone M. Sam Domains in Multiple Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:450-476. [PMID: 30306850 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181009114445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sterile alpha motif (Sam) domain is a small helical protein module, able to undergo homo- and hetero-oligomerization, as well as polymerization, thus forming different types of protein architectures. A few Sam domains are involved in pathological processes and consequently, they represent valuable targets for the development of new potential therapeutic routes. This study intends to collect state-of-the-art knowledge on the different modes by which Sam domains can favor disease onset and progression. METHODS This review was build up by searching throughout the literature, for: a) the structural properties of Sam domains, b) interactions mediated by a Sam module, c) presence of a Sam domain in proteins relevant for a specific disease. RESULTS Sam domains appear crucial in many diseases including cancer, renal disorders, cataracts. Often pathologies are linked to mutations directly positioned in the Sam domains that alter their stability and/or affect interactions that are crucial for proper protein functions. In only a few diseases, the Sam motif plays a kind of "side role" and cooperates to the pathological event by enhancing the action of a different protein domain. CONCLUSION Considering the many roles of the Sam domain into a significant variety of diseases, more efforts and novel drug discovery campaigns need to be engaged to find out small molecules and/or peptides targeting Sam domains. Such compounds may represent the pillars on which to build novel therapeutic strategies to cure different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Vincenzi
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia Anna Mercurio
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.,Cirpeb, InterUniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.,Cirpeb, InterUniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
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Dhande IS, Zhu Y, Kneedler SC, Joshi AS, Hicks MJ, Wenderfer SE, Braun MC, Doris PA. Stim1 Polymorphism Disrupts Immune Signaling and Creates Renal Injury in Hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e014142. [PMID: 32075490 PMCID: PMC7335582 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.014142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Spontaneously hypertensive rats of the stroke‐prone line (SHR‐A3) develop hypertensive renal disease as a result of naturally occurring genetic variation. Our prior work identified a single‐nucleotide polymorphism unique to SHR‐A3 that results in truncation of the carboxy terminus of STIM1. The SHR‐B2 line, which is also hypertensive but resists hypertensive renal injury, expresses the wild‐type STIM1. STIM1 plays a central role in lymphocyte calcium signaling that directs immune effector responses. Here we show that major defects in lymphocyte function affecting calcium signaling, nuclear factor of activated T cells activation, cytokine production, proliferation, apoptosis, and regulatory T‐cell development are present in SHR‐A3 and attributable to STIM1. Methods and Results To assess the role of Stim1 variation in susceptibility to hypertensive renal injury, we created a Stim1 congenic line, SHR‐A3(Stim1‐B2), and STIM1 function was rescued in SHR‐A3. We found that Stim1 gene rescue restores disturbed lymphocyte function in SHR‐A3. Hypertensive renal injury was compared in SHR‐A3 and the SHR‐A3(Stim1‐B2) congenic line. Histologically assessed renal injury was markedly reduced in SHR‐A3(Stim1‐B2), as were renal injury biomarker levels measured in urine. Stim1 deficiency has been linked to the emergence of antibody‐mediated autoimmunity. Renal glomerular immunoglobulin deposition was greater in SHR‐A3 than SHR‐B2 and was reduced by Stim1 congenic substitution. Serum anti–double‐stranded DNA antibody titers in SHR‐A3 were elevated compared with SHR‐B2 and were reduced in SHR‐A3(Stim1‐B2). Conclusions Stim1 deficiency in lymphocyte function originating from Stim1 truncation in SHR‐A3 combines with hypertension to create end organ disease and may do so as a result of antibody formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha S Dhande
- Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX
| | - Yaming Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX
| | - Sterling C Kneedler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX
| | - Aniket S Joshi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX
| | - M John Hicks
- Department of Pathology and Immunology Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital Houston TX
| | - Scott E Wenderfer
- Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital Houston TX
| | - Michael C Braun
- Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital Houston TX
| | - Peter A Doris
- Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX
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Zhang H, Bryson V, Luo N, Sun AY, Rosenberg P. STIM1-Ca 2+ signaling in coronary sinus cardiomyocytes contributes to interatrial conduction. Cell Calcium 2020; 87:102163. [PMID: 32014794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pacemaker action potentials emerge from the sinoatrial node (SAN) and rapidly propagate through the atria to the AV node via preferential conduction pathways, including one associated with the coronary sinus. However, few distinguishing features of these tracts are known. Identifying specific molecular markers to distinguish among these conduction pathways will have important implications for understanding atrial conduction and atrial arrhythmogenesis. Using a Stim1 reporter mouse, we discovered stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1)-expressing coronary sinus cardiomyocytes (CSC)s in a tract from the SAN to the coronary sinus. Our studies here establish that STIM1 is a molecular marker of CSCs and we propose a role for STIM1-CSCs in interatrial conduction. Deletion of Stim1 from the CSCs slowed interatrial conduction and increased susceptibility to atrial arrhythmias. Store-operated Ca2+ currents (Isoc) in response to Ca2+ store depletion were markedly reduced in CSCs and their action potentials showed electrical remodeling. Our studies identify STIM1 as a molecular marker for a coronary sinus interatrial conduction pathway. We propose a role for SOCE in Ca2+ signaling of CSCs and implicate STIM1 in atrial arrhythmogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengtao Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Box 103031 Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Victoria Bryson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Box 103031 Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Nancy Luo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Box 103031 Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Albert Y Sun
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Box 103031 Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Paul Rosenberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Box 103031 Med Ctr, Durham, NC, 27710, United States.
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45
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A muscular hypotonia-associated STIM1 mutant at R429 induces abnormalities in intracellular Ca 2+ movement and extracellular Ca 2+ entry in skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19140. [PMID: 31844136 PMCID: PMC6915709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55745-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) mediates extracellular Ca2+ entry into the cytosol through a store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) mechanism, which is involved in the physiological functions of various tissues, including skeletal muscle. STIM1 is also associated with skeletal muscle diseases, but its pathological mechanisms have not been well addressed. The present study focused on examining the pathological mechanism(s) of a mutant STIM1 (R429C) that causes human muscular hypotonia. R429C was expressed in mouse primary skeletal myotubes, and the properties of the skeletal myotubes were examined using single-cell Ca2+ imaging of myotubes and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) along with biochemical approaches. R429C did not interfere with the terminal differentiation of myoblasts to myotubes. Unlike wild-type STIM1, there was no further increase of SOCE by R429C. R429C bound to endogenous STIM1 and slowed down the initial rate of SOCE that were mediated by endogenous STIM1. Moreover, R429C increased intracellular Ca2+ movement in response to membrane depolarization by eliminating the attenuation on dihydropyridine receptor-ryanodine receptor (DHPR-RyR1) coupling by endogenous STIM1. The cytosolic Ca2+ level was also increased due to the reduction in SR Ca2+ level. In addition, R429C-expressing myotubes showed abnormalities in mitochondrial shape, a significant decrease in ATP levels, and the higher expression levels of mitochondrial fission-mediating proteins. Therefore, serial defects in SOCE, intracellular Ca2+ movement, and cytosolic Ca2+ level along with mitochondrial abnormalities in shape and ATP level could be a pathological mechanism of R429C for human skeletal muscular hypotonia. This study also suggests a novel clue that STIM1 in skeletal muscle could be related to mitochondria via regulating intra and extracellular Ca2+ movements.
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Go CK, Hooper R, Aronson MR, Schultz B, Cangoz T, Nemani N, Zhang Y, Madesh M, Soboloff J. The Ca 2+ export pump PMCA clears near-membrane Ca 2+ to facilitate store-operated Ca 2+ entry and NFAT activation. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/602/eaaw2627. [PMID: 31594854 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaw2627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ signals, which facilitate pluripotent changes in cell fate, reflect the balance between cation entry and export. We found that overexpression of either isoform of the Ca2+-extruding plasma membrane calcium ATPase 4 (PMCA4) pump in Jurkat T cells unexpectedly increased activation of the Ca2+-dependent transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). Coexpression of the endoplasmic reticulum-resident Ca2+ sensor stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) with the PMCA4b splice variant further enhanced NFAT activity; however, coexpression with PMCA4a depressed NFAT. No PMCA4 splice variant dependence in STIM1 association was observed, whereas partner of STIM1 (POST) preferentially associated with PMCA4b over PMCA4a, which enhanced, rather than inhibited, PMCA4 function. A comparison of global and near-membrane cytosolic Ca2+ abundances during store-operated Ca2+ entry revealed that PMCA4 markedly depressed near-membrane Ca2+ concentrations, particularly when PMCA4b was coexpressed with STIM1. PMCA4b closely associated with both POST and the store-operated Ca2+ channel Orai1. Furthermore, POST knockdown increased the near-membrane Ca2+ concentration, inhibiting the global cytosolic Ca2+ increase. These observations reveal an unexpected role for POST in coupling PMCA4 to Orai1 to promote Ca2+ entry during T cell activation through Ca2+ disinhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina K Go
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Robert Hooper
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Matthew R Aronson
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Bryant Schultz
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Taha Cangoz
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Neeharika Nemani
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. .,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Sodium Channel Nav1.3 Is Expressed by Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils during Mouse Heart and Kidney Ischemia In Vivo and Regulates Adhesion, Transmigration, and Chemotaxis of Human and Mouse Neutrophils In Vitro. Anesthesiology 2019; 128:1151-1166. [PMID: 29509584 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000002135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Voltage-gated sodium channels generate action potentials in excitable cells, but they have also been attributed noncanonical roles in nonexcitable cells. We hypothesize that voltage-gated sodium channels play a functional role during extravasation of neutrophils. METHODS Expression of voltage-gated sodium channels was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Distribution of Nav1.3 was determined by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry in mouse models of ischemic heart and kidney injury. Adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis of neutrophils to endothelial cells and collagen were investigated with voltage-gated sodium channel inhibitors and lidocaine in vitro. Sodium currents were examined with a whole cell patch clamp. RESULTS Mouse and human neutrophils express multiple voltage-gated sodium channels. Only Nav1.3 was detected in neutrophils recruited to ischemic mouse heart (25 ± 7%, n = 14) and kidney (19 ± 2%, n = 6) in vivo. Endothelial adhesion of mouse neutrophils was reduced by tetrodotoxin (56 ± 9%, unselective Nav-inhibitor), ICA121431 (53 ± 10%), and Pterinotoxin-2 (55 ± 9%; preferential inhibitors of Nav1.3, n = 10). Tetrodotoxin (56 ± 19%), ICA121431 (62 ± 22%), and Pterinotoxin-2 (59 ± 22%) reduced transmigration of human neutrophils through endothelial cells, and also prevented chemotactic migration (n = 60, 3 × 20 cells). Lidocaine reduced neutrophil adhesion to 60 ± 9% (n = 10) and transmigration to 54 ± 8% (n = 9). The effect of lidocaine was not increased by ICA121431 or Pterinotoxin-2. CONCLUSIONS Nav1.3 is expressed in neutrophils in vivo; regulates attachment, transmigration, and chemotaxis in vitro; and may serve as a relevant target for antiinflammatory effects of lidocaine.
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Resveratrol reduces store-operated Ca 2+ entry and enhances the apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in adjuvant arthritis rats model via targeting ORAI1-STIM1 complex. Biol Res 2019; 52:45. [PMID: 31426853 PMCID: PMC6699118 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-019-0250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resveratrol was reported to trigger the apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in adjuvant arthritis rats but the subcellular mechanism remains unclear. Since ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress were involved in the effects of resveratrol with imbalance of calcium bio-transmission, store operated calcium entry (SOCE), a novel intracellular calcium regulatory pathway, may also participate in this process. Results In the present study, Resveratrol was found to suppress ORAI1 expression of a dose dependent manner while have no evident effects on STIM1 expressive level. Besides, resveratrol had no effects on ATP or TG induced calcium depletion but present partly dose-dependent suppression of SOCE. On the one hand, microinjection of ORAI1 overexpressed vector in sick toe partly counteracted the therapeutic effects of resveratrol on adjuvant arthritis and serum inflammatory cytokine including IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α. On the other hand, ORAI1 SiRNA injection provided slight relief to adjuvant arthritis in rats. In addition, ORAI1 overexpression partly diminished the alleviation of hemogram abnormality induced by adjuvant arthritis after resveratrol treatment while ORAI1 knockdown presented mild resveratrol-like effect on hemogram in rats model. Conclusion These results indicated that resveratrol reduced store-operated Ca2+ entry and enhanced the apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in adjuvant arthritis rats model via targeting ORAI1–STIM1 complex, providing a theoretical basis for ORAI1 targeted therapy in future treatment with resveratrol on rheumatoid arthritis.![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40659-019-0250-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Ma K, Liu P, Al-Maghout T, Sukkar B, Cao H, Voelkl J, Alesutan I, Pieske B, Lang F. Phosphate-induced ORAI1 expression and store-operated Ca 2+ entry in aortic smooth muscle cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1465-1475. [PMID: 31385016 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Compromised renal phosphate elimination in chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to hyperphosphatemia, which in turn triggers osteo-/chondrogenic signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and vascular calcification. Osteo-/chondrogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs leads to upregulation of the transcription factors MSX2, CBFA1, and SOX9 as well as tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) which fosters calcification by degrading the calcification inhibitor pyrophosphate. Osteo-/chondrogenic signaling in VSMCs involves the serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase SGK1. As shown in other cell types, SGK1 is a powerful stimulator of ORAI1, a Ca2+-channel accomplishing store-operated Ca2+-entry (SOCE). ORAI1 is stimulated following intracellular store depletion by the Ca2+ sensor STIM1. The present study explored whether phosphate regulates ORAI1 and/or STIM1 expression and, thus, SOCE in VSMCs. To this end, primary human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs) were exposed to the phosphate donor β-glycerophosphate. Transcript levels were estimated by qRT-PCR, protein abundance by western blotting, ALPL activity by colorimetry, calcification by alizarin red S staining, cytosolic Ca2+-concentration ([Ca2+]i) by Fura-2-fluorescence, and SOCE from increase of [Ca2+]i following re-addition of extracellular Ca2+ after store depletion with thapsigargin. As a result, β-glycerophosphate treatment increased ORAI1 and STIM1 transcript levels and protein abundance as well as SOCE in HAoSMCs. Additional treatment with ORAI1 inhibitor MRS1845 or SGK1 inhibitor GSK650394 virtually disrupted the effects of β-glycerophosphate on SOCE. Moreover, the β-glycerophosphate-induced MSX2, CBFA1, SOX9, and ALPL mRNA expression and activity in HAoSMCs were suppressed in the presence of the ORAI1 inhibitor and upon ORAI1 silencing. In conclusion, enhanced phosphate upregulates ORAI1 and STIM1 expression and store-operated Ca2+-entry, which participate in the orchestration of osteo-/chondrogenic signaling of VSMCs. KEY MESSAGES: • In aortic SMC, phosphate donor ß-glycerophosphate upregulates Ca2+ channel ORAI1. • In aortic SMC, ß-glycerophosphate upregulates ORAI1-activator STIM1. • In aortic SMC, ß-glycerophosphate upregulates store-operated Ca2+-entry (SOCE). • The effect of ß-glycerophosphate on SOCE is disrupted by ORAI1 inhibitor MRS1845. • Stimulation of osteogenic signaling is disrupted by MRS1845 and ORAI1 silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ma
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapy, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapy, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tamer Al-Maghout
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapy, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Basma Sukkar
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapy, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapy, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040, Linz, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ioana Alesutan
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040, Linz, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Heart Center Berlin (DHZB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
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Monaco S, Jahraus B, Samstag Y, Bading H. Conditions of limited calcium influx (CLCI) inhibits IL2 induction and favors expression of anergy-related genes in TCR/CD3 and CD28 costimulated primary human T cells. Mol Immunol 2019; 114:81-87. [PMID: 31344552 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Calcium is a key regulator of the T cell immune response. Depending on the spatial properties (nucleus versus cytoplasm) of the calcium signals generated after CD3xCD28 stimulation, primary human T cells either mount a productive immune response or develop tolerance. Nuclear calcium acts as a genomic decision maker: during T cell activation, it drives expression of genes associated with a productive immune response while in its absence, stimulated T cells acquire an anergy-like gene profile. Selective inhibition of nuclear calcium signaling in stimulated T cells blocks the productive immune response and directs the cells towards an anergy-like state. Here we show that the two transcriptional programs that include, respectively, the 'activation gene', interleukin 2 (IL2) and 'anergy-related genes', EGR2, EGR3, and CREM have different requirements for transmembrane calcium flux. By either lowering extracellular calcium concentrations with EGTA or using low concentrations of the ORAI blockers, BTP2 or RO2959, we reduced transmembrane calcium flux in human primary T cells stimulated with CD3xCD28. These 'conditions of limited calcium influx' (CLCI) blocked CD3xCD28-induced IL2 expression but only moderately affected induction of the anergy-related genes EGR2, EGR3, and CREM. We observed no difference in NFAT2 nuclear translocation after CD3xCD28 stimulation between normal conditions and CLCI. These results indicate that CLCI favors expression of anergy-related genes in activated human T cells. CLCI may be used to develop novel means for pro-tolerance immunosuppressive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monaco
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Beate Jahraus
- Department of Immunology, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Yvonne Samstag
- Department of Immunology, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Hilmar Bading
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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