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Chen YY, Tan L, Su XL, Chen NX, Liu Q, Feng YZ, Guo Y. NOD2 contributes to Parvimonas micra-induced bone resorption in diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2024. [PMID: 38757737 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may affect the oral microbial community, exacerbating periodontal inflammation; however, its pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. As nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) plays a crucial role in the activation during periodontitis (PD), it is hypothesized that changes in the oral microbial community due to diabetes enhance periodontal inflammation through the activation of NOD2. METHODS We collected subgingival plaque from 180 subjects who were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of T2DM. The composition of oral microbiota was detected by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. In animal models of PD with or without T2DM, we assessed alveolar bone resorption by micro-computerized tomography and used immunohistochemistry to detect NOD2 expression in alveolar bone. Primary osteoblasts were cultured in osteogenic induction medium with high or normal glucose and treated with inactivated bacteria. After 24 h of inactivated bacteria intervention, the osteogenic differentiation ability was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and the expressions of NOD2 and interleukin-12 (IL-6) were detected by western blot. RESULTS The relative abundance of Parvimonas and Filifactor in the T2DM group was increased compared to the group without T2DM. In animal models, alveolar bone mass was decreased in PD, particularly in T2DM with PD (DMPD) group, compared to controls. Immunohistochemistry revealed NOD2 in osteoblasts from the alveolar bone in both the PD group and DMPD group, especially in the DMPD group. In vitro, intervention with inactivated Parvimonas significantly reduced ALP secretion of primary osteoblasts in high glucose medium, accompanied by increased expression of NOD2 and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that T2DM leading to PD may be associated with the activation of NOD2 by Parvimonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences(Qingdao Central Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Li Tan
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Su
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning-Xin Chen
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Carrouel F, Kanoute A, Lvovschi VE, Bourgeois D. Periodontal pathogens of the interdental microbiota in a 3 months pregnant population with an intact periodontium. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1275180. [PMID: 38029104 PMCID: PMC10646527 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1275180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormones and the oral microbiota of pregnant women both appear as cumulative risk factors for gingivitis. This cross-sectional study, using real-time PCR, investigated the composition and diversity of the microbiota in interdental spaces of 3 months pregnant women with intact periodontium according the 2018 EFP/AAP classification. Bacteria identified were belonged to the red (Porphyromonas gingivalis Treponema denticola, and Tanerella forsythia), orange (Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter rectus, and Parvimonas micra), and green (Eikenella corrodens and A. actinomycetencomitans) Socransky complexes. Approximatively 109.11 bacteria were counted per interdental space in pregnant women. Bacteria from the red complex represented 33.80% versus 62.81% for the orange group versus 3.39% for the green group of the total number spread over the 3 groups. Dietary habits and physical activity did not have a significant impact on interdental microbiota, although a decrease in the median amount of 9 periodontopathogens was observed when fruit and vegetable consumption increased. Pregnant women who brushed their teeth at least twice a day had lower counts of total bacteria and 9 periodontal pathogens than those who brushed less. In 3 months pregnant women at high risk of periodontal disease (>30% bleeding sites), the dendogram revealed 2 clusters of the 9 periodontopathogens. This provides further support for the "key pathogen" hypothesis, among which Porphyromonas gingivalis plays a key role, indicating that specific bacteria in limited quantities can influence the host immune system and convert the microbiota from symbiotic to dysbiotic to induce inflammatory disorder. As a result, this study reported that 3 months pregnant women with healthy periodontium had high levels of interdental bleeding and a dysbiotic microbiota with periodontal pathogens of the Socransky orange and red complexes. These subjects were therefore potentially at increased risk of developing periodontal disease and, consequently, an adverse pregnancy outcome. So, preventive oral prophylaxis measures, in particular individual interdental prophylaxis, should be implemented as soon as pregnancy is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Carrouel
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Aida Kanoute
- Public Health Service, Department of Dentistry, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Virginie-Eve Lvovschi
- Laboratory “Research on Healthcare Performance” (RESHAPE), INSERM U1290, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Denis Bourgeois
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils of Lyon, Lyon, France
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Duarte PM, Felix E, Santos VR, Figueiredo LC, da Silva HDP, Mendes JAV, Feres M, Miranda TS. Patients with type 2 diabetes and severe periodontitis harbor a less pathogenic subgingival biofilm than normoglycemic individuals with severe periodontitis. J Periodontol 2023; 94:1210-1219. [PMID: 37133975 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether, and to what extent, diabetes mellitus (DM) can affect the subgingival biofilm composition remains controversial. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the composition of the subgingival microbiota of non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients with periodontitis using 40 "biomarker bacterial species." METHODS Biofilm samples of shallow (probing depth [PD] and clinical attachment level [CAL] ≤3 mm without bleeding) and deep sites (PD and CAL ≥5 mm with bleeding) of patients with or without type 2 DM were evaluated for levels/proportions of 40 bacterial species by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. RESULTS A total of 828 subgingival biofilm samples from 207 patients with periodontitis (118 normoglycemic and 89 with type 2 DM) were analyzed. The levels of most of the bacterial species evaluated were reduced in the diabetic compared with the normoglycemic group, both in shallow and in deep sites. The shallow and deep sites of patients with type 2 DM presented higher proportions of Actinomyces species, purple and green complexes, and lower proportions of red complex pathogens than those of normoglycemic patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with type 2 DM have a less dysbiotic subgingival microbial profile than normoglycemic patients, including lower levels/proportions of pathogens and higher levels/proportions of host-compatible species. Thus, type 2 diabetic patients seem to require less remarkable changes in biofilm composition than non-diabetic patients to develop the same pattern of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poliana M Duarte
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Edcarlos Felix
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa R Santos
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciene C Figueiredo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio D P da Silva
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana A V Mendes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamires S Miranda
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Portes J, Bullón B, Gallardo I, Fernandez-Riejos P, Quiles JL, Giampieri F, Bullón P. Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes related to periodontitis and its risk factors in elderly individuals. J Dent 2023; 132:104480. [PMID: 36948381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was estimated to increase with age and can reach 3.5%. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes in the elderly patients who attended a dental clinic and to find common risk factors. METHODS Male patients, older than 50 years, attended their first dental visit to the School of Dentistry for a period of two years, and it was proposed to evaluate undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Periodontal, biochemical, microbiological examinations, nutritional profile, and physical activity were performed. RESULTS A total of 106 patients were examined, 6 (5.6%) had diabetes, and 37 (34.9%) had prediabetes without prior diagnosis. The severity of periodontitis was greater in patients with diabetes. Most of the patients were overweight and had increased systolic blood pressure. Patients with prediabetes and periodontitis had a low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Tannerella forsythia was present in more patients with periodontitis, and the prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is practically absent in groups with periodontitis, except for the group with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS In the population studied, the prevalence of patients without a diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes was very high and underestimated. The increased severity of periodontitis in patients with diabetes and in conjunction with the high level of cortisol seen in patients with periodontitis, especially those with diabetes, emphasize the dysregulation of the immunoinflammatory system. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE It is essential to add all this data to our dental practice to cover patient health with a broader landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Portes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain; Dental School, Veiga de Almeida University, Rua Ibituruna, 108, 20271-020, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Bullón
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Isabel Gallardo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Jose Luis Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', Center for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Armilla, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Resarch Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health. Univeridad Europea del Atlantico.39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Pedro Bullón
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Seville, C/Avicena, s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.
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Izidoro C, Botelho J, Machado V, Reis AM, Proença L, Barroso H, Alves R, Mendes JJ. Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment Impact on Subgingival Microbiome and Intra-Oral Halitosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032518. [PMID: 36768839 PMCID: PMC9916745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize and compare subgingival microbiome before and after periodontal treatment to learn if any changes of the subgingival microbiome were reflected in intra-oral halitosis. We tested the hypothesis that intra-oral halitosis (Volatile sulfur compounds levels) correlates with corresponding subgingival bacterial levels before and after periodontal treatment. Twenty patients with generalized periodontitis completed the study. Subgingival plaque samples were collected at baseline and 6-8 weeks after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Full-mouth periodontal status assessed probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession (REC), bleeding on probing (BoP), PISA and PESA. Halitosis assessment was made using a volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) detector device. Periodontal measures were regressed across VSC values using adjusted multivariate linear analysis. The subgingival microbiome was characterized by sequencing on an Illumina platform. From a sample of 20 patients referred to periodontal treatment, 70% were females (n = 14), with a mean age of 56.6 (±10.3) years; full-mouth records of PD, CAL, BOP (%) allowed to classify the stage and grade of periodontitis, with 45% (n = 9) of the sample having Periodontitis Stage IV grade C and 95% (n = 19) had generalized periodontitis. The correlation of bacterial variation with VSCs measured in the periodontal diagnosis and in the reassessment after treatment were evaluated. Fusobacterium nucleatum, Capnocytophaga gingivalis and Campylobacter showaei showed correlation with the reduction of VSC after periodontal treatment (p-value = 0.044; 0.047 and 0.004, respectively). Capnocytophaga sputigena had a significant reverse correlation between VSCs variation from diagnosis (baseline) and after treatment. Microbial diversity was high in the subgingival plaque on periodontitis and intra-oral halitosis participants of the study. Furthermore, there were correlations between subgingival plaque composition and VSC counting after periodontal treatment. The subgingival microbiome can offer important clues in the investigation of the pathogenesis and treatment of halitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Izidoro
- Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-212-946-737
| | - João Botelho
- Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Ana Mafalda Reis
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
- Neuroradiology Department, Hospital Pedro Hispano, 4464-513 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Luís Proença
- Quantitative Methods for Health Research Unit (MQIS), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Helena Barroso
- Microbiology and Public Health Unit, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Alves
- Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
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Zhao T, Wang X, Fu L, Yang K. Fusobacterium nucleatum: a new player in regulation of cancer development and therapeutic response. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:436-450. [PMID: 35800370 PMCID: PMC9255244 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A dysbiosis in microbial diversity or functionality can promote disease development. Emerging preclinical and clinical evidence emphasizes the interplay between microbiota and both disease evolution and the treatment response of different cancers. One bacterium that has garnered much attention in a few cancer microbiota studies is Fusobacterium nucleaum (Fn). To provide updated knowledge of the functional role of Fn in cancer prevention and management, this review summarizes the relationship among Fn, cancer, and chemoimmunotherapy response, with the potential mechanisms of action also intensively discussed, which will benefit the development of strategies to prevent or treat cancer via Fn-based therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengda Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Health Management Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Xueping Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Liwu Fu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Health Management Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China
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Sabancı A, Eltas A, Celik B, Otlu B. The influence of diabetes mellitus on the peri-implant microflora: A cross-sectional study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:405-409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Montevecchi M, Valeriani L, Gatto MR, D'Alessandro G, Piana G. Subgingival pathogens in chronic periodontitis patients affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective case-control study. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2021; 51:409-421. [PMID: 34965620 PMCID: PMC8718332 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2100180009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and bacterial load of 6 main periodontal pathogens between pairs of periodontal patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans genotypes were also investigated. Methods Twenty patients affected by chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes were retrospectively selected and matched to 20 patients without diabetes on the basis of the degree and severity of periodontal disease. Microbiological data of subgingival biofilms were analysed and compared for the examined pathogens: A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Tannerella forsythia. Results The pairs were balanced in terms of demographic and clinical parameters, except for bleeding on probing and suppuration. In the microbiological test sites (4 for each patient), the mean probing pocket depth was 6.34±1.63 mm in patients with diabetes and 6.41±1.78 mm in patients without diabetes. No significant difference between pairs in the prevalence of P. gingivalis or the distribution of its genotypes was recorded. Patients with diabetes had a significantly greater amount of total bacterial load, P. gingivalis, T. denticola, T. forsythia, and F. nucleatum (P<0.05). Moreover, patients with diabetes had a higher number of sites with a greater cell count than patients without diabetes. When compared to the total bacterial load, only T. forsythia maintained its relative load in patients with diabetes (P=0.001). Conclusions This retrospective matched study supports the hypothesis that microbiological differences exist among periodontal patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03786133
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Montevecchi
- Division of Periodontology and Implantology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, School of Dentistry, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Leoluca Valeriani
- Division of Periodontology and Implantology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, School of Dentistry, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Gatto
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, School of Dentistry, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni D'Alessandro
- Dentistry Service for Patients with Special Needs, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, School of Dentistry, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriela Piana
- Dentistry Service for Patients with Special Needs, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, School of Dentistry, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Exodontia associated bacteremia in horses characterized by next generation sequencing. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6314. [PMID: 33737590 PMCID: PMC7973801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteremia resulting from dental surgery is increasingly recognized as a health risk, especially in older and immunocompromised patients. Dentistry-associated bacteremia can lead to remote infections, as exemplified by valvular endocarditis. Emerging evidence points to a novel role played by oral cavity commensals in the pathogenesis of diabetes, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Whether dental extraction, a commonly undertaken procedure in old horses, causes bacteremia has not been reported extensively. In a prospective clinical study using next generation sequencing (based on bacterial 16S rRNA), the circulating blood microbiome was characterized before and at 1 h following extraction of incisor, canine or cheek teeth from 29 adult horses with dental disease. 16S rRNA gene sequencing results from the blood microbiome were compared with those from gingival swab samples obtained prior to extraction at the location of the diseased tooth. Bacteremia associated with translocated gingival commensals was demonstrated in horses undergoing exodontia and was, in some cases, still evident one hour post-operatively.
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Kassab A, Ayed Y, Elsayed SA, Alqadi SF, Abdelgawad N, Mrag M, Ben Amor F. Glycated hemoglobin influence on periodontal status, pathogens and salivary interleukins in type II diabetic Tunisian subjects with chronic periodontitis. J Dent Sci 2021; 16:614-620. [PMID: 33854710 PMCID: PMC8025187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Studies have shown that there is a possible correlation between the amount of glycated hemoglobin and the periodontal status. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the prevalence of gingival pathogens and circulating interleukin levels in type II diabetic Tunisian subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS The research included four groups; 30 healthy subjects (H group), 30 non-diabetic subjects suffering from chronic periodontitis (CP group). Type-II diabetic patients were divided according to HbA1c level into 30 adequately-controlled type-II diabetes subjects (HbA1c ≤ 7 percent (ATIID&CP group)) and 30 inadequately-controlled type-II diabetes subjects and HbA1c > 7 percent (ITIID&CP group). Clinical periodontal condition parameters and assessment of salivary interleukin IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-10 were assessed. Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction used for detection of Subgingival biofilm of periodontal pathogens. RESULTS Clinical parameters analyzed were positively associated with HbA1c levels (p < 0.05). A. Actinomycetemcomitans were found in 80 percent of ITIID&CP, 65 percent of CP and almost absent in H group. Porphyromonas gingivalis was present in 100 percent of CP, 85 percent of ITIID&CP, 50 percent of ATIID&CP and 3 percent of H group. T. Denticola had an equivalent occurrence. While Tannerella forsythia was scarce in ITIID&CP groups, but abundant in the H group. ITIID&CP had the highest IL-6 and IL-1beta/IL-10 ratios. CONCLUSION HBA1c levels affect periodontal status, pathogens and salivary interleukins in Type-II diabetic Tunisians with chronic periodontitis, compared with stable and chronic periodontitis groups and can interact with periodontal infections and increase the inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Kassab
- Research Laboratory of Oral Health and Bucco-Facial Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Ayed
- Department of Oral Basic Science, Taibah University, Dental College & Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwrah, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Shadia A. Elsayed
- Département of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Département of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwrah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha Fuad Alqadi
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric, Dental College & Hospital, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwrah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Abdelgawad
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mrag
- Research Laboratory of Oral Health and Bucco-Facial Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Faten Ben Amor
- Research Laboratory of Oral Health and Bucco-Facial Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Saadaoui M, Singh P, Al Khodor S. Oral microbiome and pregnancy: A bidirectional relationship. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 145:103293. [PMID: 33676065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The oral cavity contains the second most complex microbial population within the human body, with more than 700 bacterial organisms. Recent advances in Next Generation Sequencing technology have unraveled the complexities of the oral microbiome and provided valuable insights into its role in health and disease. The human oral microbiome varies dramatically during the different stages of life, including pregnancy. The total viable microbial counts in pregnant women are known to be higher compared to non-pregnant women, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy. A balanced oral microbiome is vital for a healthy pregnancy, as perturbations in the oral microbiome composition can contribute to pregnancy complications. On the other hand, physiological changes and differences in hormonal levels during pregnancy, increase susceptibility to various oral diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis. A growing body of evidence supports the link between the composition of the oral microbiome and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, preeclampsia, low birth weight among others. This review aims to summarize the dynamics of oral microbiome during pregnancy and to discuss the relationship between a dysbiotic oral microbiome and pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parul Singh
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Bachtiar BM, Theodorea CF, Tahapary DL, Astrella C, n/a N, Bachtiar EW. A pilot study of red complex and three genera subgingival microbiome in periodontitis subjects with and without diabetes, evaluated by MinION platform. F1000Res 2021; 10:79. [PMID: 34249333 PMCID: PMC8261760 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.28216.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Subgingival niche is one biofilm habitat containing rich microbiota, which plays an active role in maintaining the health of periodontal tissue and determining host response. As such, a study of changing subgingival biofilms is important for understanding the effect of a systemic condition. In this study, we compared the occurrence of six bacteria cohabiting in the subgingival area of periodontitis subjects, with (DP, n = 8) and without (NDP, n = 4) diabetes. Methods: The six genus and species of targeted bacteria were confirmed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing on MinION nanopore platform. Descriptive statistic was used to describe the obtained data. Results: We found that the six genus and species of targeted bacteria were detected but in different quantities in either group's periodontal pocket. Our data showed that Tannerella forsythia was the most abundant species in subgingival biofilms of the DP group of the red complex bacteria. In contrast, Aggregatibacter sp., which belongs to the phylum of proteobacteria, was present at a relatively lower level. In contrast, Fusobacterium sp., which belongs to orange complex bacteria, showed relative similarities in subgingival biofilms of both groups tested, while Veillonella sp., were abundant in the DP groups. Conclusions: Our data show that the diversity of classic periodontopathogens increased in the subgingival niche of periodontitis subjects with diabetes. It is the first study in Indonesia to apply MinION-based, full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in periodontitis patients with and without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boy M Bachtiar
- Department of Oral Biology and Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Citra F Theodorea
- Department of Oral Biology and Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Dicky L Tahapary
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.,Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Cindy Astrella
- Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Aging Cluster, The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.,Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Natalina n/a
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Endang W Bachtiar
- Department of Oral Biology and Oral Science Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
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Mohammadzadeh N, Razavi S, Hadi Z, Kermansaravi M, Boloori S, Kabir A, Khamseh ME. Human gut microbiota and its possible relationship with obesity and diabetes. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-020-00881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Serum IgG titers to periodontal pathogens predict 3-month outcome in ischemic stroke patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237185. [PMID: 32760103 PMCID: PMC7410289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several cohort studies have shown that periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk for stroke. However, it remains unclear whether serum antibody titers for a specific periodontal pathogen are associated with outcome after ischemic stroke, and which kinds of pathogens are associated with ischemic stroke. We examined the relationship between serum IgG titers to periodontal pathogens and outcome in ischemic stroke patients. A total of 445 patients with acute ischemic stroke (194 female [44.0%], mean age 71.9±12.3 years) were registered in this study. Serum IgG titers to 9 periodontal pathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythensis, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens) were evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. An unfavorable outcome was defined as a 3 or higher on the modified Rankin Scale. The proportion of patients with unfavorable outcome was 25.4% (113 patients). Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, numbers of IgG antibodies positive for periodontal pathogens (odds ratio 1.20, 95% CI 1.02-1.41, p = 0.03) were independent predictors of unfavorable outcome in ischemic stroke patients.
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Wei YS, Hsiao YC, Su GW, Chang YR, Lin HP, Wang YS, Tsai YT, Liao EC, Chen HY, Chou HC, Ko ML, Kuo WH, Chang SJ, Cheng WC, Chan HL. Identification of hyperglycemia-associated microbiota alterations in saliva and gingival sulcus. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 682:108278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Shokeen B, Park J, Duong E, Rambhia S, Paul M, Weinberg A, Shi W, Lux R. Role of FAD-I in Fusobacterial Interspecies Interaction and Biofilm Formation. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E70. [PMID: 31906541 PMCID: PMC7023056 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
: RadD, a major adhesin of oral fusobacteria, is part of a four-gene operon encoding the small lipoprotein FAD-I and two currently uncharacterized small proteins encoded by the rapA and rapB genes. Previously, we described a role for FAD-I in the induction of human B-defensin 2 (hBD2) upon contact with oral epithelial cells. Here, we investigated potential roles for fad-I, rapA, and rapB in interspecies interaction and biofilm formation. Gene inactivation mutants were generated for each of these genes in the nucleatum and polymorphum subspecies of Fusobacterium nucleatum and characterized for their adherence to partner species, biofilm formation, and operon transcription. Binding to Streptococcus gordonii was increased in all mutant strains with Δfad-I having the most significant effect. This increased adherence was directly proportional to elevated radD transcript levels and resulted in significantly different architecture and height of the biofilms formed by Δfad-I and S. gordonii compared to the wild-type parent. In conclusion, FAD-I is important for fusobacterial interspecies interaction as its lack leads to increased production of the RadD adhesin suggesting a role of FAD-I in its regulation. This regulatory effect does not require the presence of functional RadD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumika Shokeen
- Section of Periodontics, Division of Constitutive & Regenerative Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jane Park
- Section of Periodontics, Division of Constitutive & Regenerative Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Emily Duong
- Section of Periodontics, Division of Constitutive & Regenerative Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sonam Rambhia
- Section of Periodontics, Division of Constitutive & Regenerative Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Manash Paul
- David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Aaron Weinberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4905, USA
| | - Wenyuan Shi
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Renate Lux
- Section of Periodontics, Division of Constitutive & Regenerative Sciences, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Minty M, Canceil T, Serino M, Burcelin R, Tercé F, Blasco-Baque V. Oral microbiota-induced periodontitis: a new risk factor of metabolic diseases. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2019; 20:449-459. [PMID: 31741266 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-019-09526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It has recently become evident that the periodontium (gingiva, desmodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone) and the associated microbiota play a pivotal role in regulating human health and diseases. The oral cavity is the second largest microbiota in the body with around 500 different bacterial species identified today. When disruption of oral cavity and dysbiosis occur, the proportion of strict anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria is then increased. Patients with periodontitis present 27 to 53% more risk to develop diabetes than the control population suggesting that periodontitis is an aggravating factor in the incidence of diabetes. Moreover, dysbiosis of oral microbiota is involved in both periodontal and metabolic disorders (cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidaemia …). The oral diabetic dysbiosis is characterized by a specific bacteria Porphyromonas, which is highly expressed in periodontal diseases and could exacerbate insulin resistance. In this review, we will address the nature of the oral microbiota and how it affects systemic pathologies with a bidirectional interaction. We also propose that using prebiotics like Akkermansia muciniphila may influence oral microbiota as novel therapeutic strategies. The discovery of the implication of oral microbiota for the control of metabolic diseases could be a new way for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Minty
- INSERM U1048, F-31432 Toulouse, France, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), F-31432, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), F-31432, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Service d'Odontologie Toulouse, F-3100, Toulouse, France
| | - Thibault Canceil
- Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), F-31432, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Service d'Odontologie Toulouse, F-3100, Toulouse, France
| | - Matteo Serino
- INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, IRSD, Université de Toulouse, 31024, Toulouse, France
| | - Remy Burcelin
- INSERM U1048, F-31432 Toulouse, France, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), F-31432, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), F-31432, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Service d'Odontologie Toulouse, F-3100, Toulouse, France
| | - François Tercé
- INSERM U1048, F-31432 Toulouse, France, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), F-31432, Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), F-31432, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Service d'Odontologie Toulouse, F-3100, Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Blasco-Baque
- INSERM U1048, F-31432 Toulouse, France, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), F-31432, Toulouse, France.
- Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), F-31432, Toulouse, France.
- CHU Toulouse, Service d'Odontologie Toulouse, F-3100, Toulouse, France.
- INSERM UMR1048-I2MC Team 2 « Intestinal Risk Factors, Diabetes and Dyslipidemia » Building L4, 1st floor, Hospital of Rangueil 1, Avenue Jean Poulhès, 84225 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4 Lab, BP, France.
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Bracamonte-Wolf C, Orrego PR, Muñoz C, Herrera D, Bravo J, Gonzalez J, Varela H, Catalán A, Araya JE. Observational cross-sectional study of Trichomonas tenax in patients with periodontal disease attending a Chilean university dental clinic. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:207. [PMID: 31484557 PMCID: PMC6727549 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0885-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral flagellated protozoan Trichomonas tenax has been associated with patients with periodontal disease. However, no recent studies have been conducted on the prevalence of T. tenax in Chile. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of T. tenax in patients with periodontal disease, admitted to the Dental Clinic of the University of Antofagasta, Chile, through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of the beta-tubulin gene. METHODS An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 patients diagnosed with periodontal disease, 20 of them with gingivitis and 30 with periodontitis. T. tenax was identified by PCR amplification of the beta-tubulin gene. Associations between the protozoan and periodontal disease or the presence of risk factors to establish T. tenax infection were determined using the chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS T. tenax was present in 28 out of 50 (56%) of patients with periodontal disease, and was more prevalent when associated with periodontitis (21 out of 30; 70%) than dental plaque-induced gingivitis (7 out of 20; 35%). Non-statistically-significant associations were observed between the presence of T. tenax and age, gender, smoking habit or diabetes. Statistically significant associations were observed between the presence of T. tenax and periodontal disease, and between T. tenax and the Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) index. CONCLUSION T. tenax showed a high presence in patients with progressive states of periodontal diseases. Consequently, T. tenax detection is strongly recommended in patients with periodontal disease diagnosis and with a PSR index greater than 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casandra Bracamonte-Wolf
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Angamos Avenue 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Patricio R Orrego
- Biomedical Departmen, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Angamos Avenue 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Christian Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Angamos Avenue 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Daniel Herrera
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Angamos Avenue 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Joel Bravo
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Antofagasta, Angamos Avenue 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Jorge Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Angamos Avenue 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Héctor Varela
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Angamos Avenue 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Alejandro Catalán
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Angamos Avenue 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Jorge E Araya
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Angamos Avenue 601, P.O. Box 170, Antofagasta, Chile.
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Liu J, Hsieh CL, Gelincik O, Devolder B, Sei S, Zhang S, Lipkin SM, Chang YF. Proteomic characterization of outer membrane vesicles from gut mucosa-derived fusobacterium nucleatum. J Proteomics 2019; 195:125-137. [PMID: 30634002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative bacterium commonly found in the oral cavity and is often involved in periodontal diseases. Recent studies have shown increased F. nucleatum prevalence in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues, and causal data has linked this bacterium to CRC tumorigenesis. Immune-based approaches to contain, reduce or eradicate its gut colonization may prevent CRC. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are naturally produced by Gram-negative bacteria, typically contain multiple putative virulence factors and may elicit protective immune responses if used as vaccines. Here, OMVs were isolated from F. nucleatum cultures and purified using gradient centrifugation. Proteins contained within the OMVs were identified by nano LC/MS/MS analysis. Of 98 proteins consistently identified from duplicate analyses, 60 were predicted to localize to the outer membrane or periplasm via signal peptide driven translocation. Of these, six autotransporter proteins, which constitute the majority of protein mass of OMVs, were associated with Type V secretion system. In addition, other putative virulence factor proteins with functional domains, including FadA, MORN2 and YadA-like domain, were identified with multiple exposed epitope sites as determined by in silico analysis. Altogether, the non-replicative OMVs of F. nucleatum contain multiple antigenic virulence factors that may play important roles in the design and development of vaccines against F. nucleatum. SIGNIFICANCE: Fusobacterium nulceatum has been proved playing significant role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Outer membrane vesicles are nanoparticles that naturally secreted by Gram-negative bacterial containing various antigenic components, which provides new insight in vaccine development. Understanding the constituents of F. nucleatum OMVs will provide fundamental information and potential strategies for OMV-based F. nucleatum vaccines design. Based on our knowledge this is the first proteomic study of OMVs from F. nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Liu
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Ching-Lin Hsieh
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Ozkan Gelincik
- Departments of Medicine and Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 10021, NY, USA
| | - Bryan Devolder
- Departments of Medicine and Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 10021, NY, USA
| | - Shizuko Sei
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Steven M Lipkin
- Departments of Medicine and Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 10021, NY, USA.
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States.
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Liu LS, Gkranias N, Farias B, Spratt D, Donos N. Differences in the subgingival microbial population of chronic periodontitis in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus-a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:2743-2762. [PMID: 30306333 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2660-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the available evidence in the literature in regard to the subgingival microbial population of chronic periodontitis in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM+PD) compared to non-diabetic subjects (NDM+PD). MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted at Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE database from 1980 to 2016, supplemented by hand searching as needed. Studies presenting with at least one of the primary outcomes (presence of any subgingival microorganisms, proportion and/or the amount of any subgingival plaque bacteria in T2DM+PD versus NDM+PD) were included. Screening, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently and in duplicate. RESULTS From 611 citations, 19 full-text papers were screened and 11 articles were included for critical appraisal by both reviewers. Some evidence of a difference in the microbial profile between chronic PD subjects with and without T2DM was identified. The strength of evidence is strongest in Tannerella forthysia (T .forsythia) which was reported to be less frequent in the diabetic (T2DM+PD) group in five of the studies, followed by a weaker strength of evidence for other periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), which were also found less frequent in the diabetic (T2DM+PD) group . CONCLUSION Only few studies have compared T2DM+PD with NDM+PD. It is therefore strongly recommended that further studies which include four distinct groups of participants (NDM+PD, T2DM+PD, NDM+NPD, T2DM+NPD) instead of using intra-subject comparisons between healthy and diseased sites of the same subjects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Differences in bacterial populations of T2DM+PD in comparison to NDM+PD subjects may indicate the need of different protocols for the treatment of the diabetic patients with periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sun Liu
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Nikolaos Gkranias
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Turner Street, London, UK
| | - Bruna Farias
- Postgraduate Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Dave Spratt
- Microbiology Department, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Nikolaos Donos
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Turner Street, London, UK.
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Polak D, Shapira L. An update on the evidence for pathogenic mechanisms that may link periodontitis and diabetes. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 45:150-166. [PMID: 29280184 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To provide an update of the review by Taylor (Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 2013, 40, S113) regarding the scientific evidence of the biological association between periodontitis and diabetes. METHODS Literature searches were performed using MeSH terms, keywords and title words and were published between 2012 and November 2016. All publications were screened for their relevance. The data from the articles were extracted and summarized in tables and a narrative review. RESULTS Small-scale molecular periodontal microbiome studies indicate a possible association between altered glucose metabolism in pre-diabetes and diabetes and changes in the periodontal microbiome, with no evidence for casual relationships. Clinical and animal studies found elevated gingival levels of IL1-β, TNF-α, IL-6, RANKL/OPG and oxygen metabolites in poorly controlled diabetes. In addition, individuals with diabetes and periodontitis exhibit high levels of circulating TNF-α, CRP and mediators of oxidative stress, and successful periodontal treatment reduces their levels. CONCLUSIONS The elevated pro-inflammatory factors in the gingiva of patients with poorly controlled diabetes suggest a biological pathway that may aggravate periodontitis. Some evidence suggests that the systemic inflammatory burden in periodontitis has the potential to affect diabetes control, but no studies addressed the impact of successful periodontal therapy on the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in systemic complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Polak
- Department of Periodontology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lior Shapira
- Department of Periodontology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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22
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Joaquim CR, Miranda TS, Marins LM, Silva HDP, Feres M, Figueiredo LC, Duarte PM. The combined and individual impact of diabetes and smoking on key subgingival periodontal pathogens in patients with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2017; 53:315-323. [PMID: 29110296 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Comprehension of the similarities and differences in the composition of the subgingival microbiota of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), smokers or smokers with DM is an important step in developing therapies specific for these groups at risk for periodontitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the combined and individual effects of DM and smoking on the levels and prevalence of key subgingival periodontal pathogens in patients with chronic periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred patients with generalized chronic periodontitis were allocated into one of the following groups: DM (n = 25, non-smokers with type 2 DM); S (n = 25, non-diabetic smokers); SDM (n = 25, smokers with type 2 DM); and control (n = 25, non-diabetic non-smokers). Two subgingival biofilm samples from healthy sites (probing depth and clinical attachment level ≤3 mm and no bleeding) and 2 from diseased sites (probing depth and clinical attachment level ≥5 mm and bleeding on probing) were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Eubacterium nodatum, Parvimonas micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum ssp. and Prevotella intermedia. RESULTS There were no differences among groups in the mean counts of the bacterial species studied, considering all sampled sites (healthy plus diseased sites). There were also no differences among groups regarding the prevalence of any bacteria species in healthy and diseased sites (P > .05). The mean P. micra count was significantly higher in the healthy sites of both smoking groups, than in those of the control group (P < .05). CONCLUSION The subgingival levels and prevalence of the bacterial species studied are not significantly different in subjects with chronic periodontitis presenting DM, smokers or smokers with DM. In addition, DM and smoking, jointly and individually, do not considerably affect the subgingival levels of target periodontal pathogens in patients with chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Joaquim
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T S Miranda
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M Marins
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H D P Silva
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L C Figueiredo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P M Duarte
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Yamamura K, Baba Y, Miyake K, Nakamura K, Shigaki H, Mima K, Kurashige J, Ishimoto T, Iwatsuki M, Sakamoto Y, Yamashita Y, Yoshida N, Watanabe M, Baba H. Fusobacterium nucleatum in gastroenterological cancer: Evaluation of measurement methods using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and a literature review. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6373-6378. [PMID: 29151903 PMCID: PMC5678348 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome Fusobacterium nucleatum, which primarily inhabits the oral cavity, causes periodontal disease and has also been implicated in the development of colorectal cancer. However, whether F. nucleatum is present in other gastroenterological cancer tissues remains to be elucidated. The present study evaluated whether quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays were able to detect F. nucleatum DNA and measure the quantity of F. nucleatum DNA in esophageal, gastric, pancreatic and liver cancer tissues. The accuracy of the qPCR assay was determined from a calibration curve using DNA extracted from cells from the oral cavity. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues from 20 patients with gastroenterological [esophageal (squamous cell carcinoma), gastric, colorectal, pancreatic and liver] cancer and 20 matched normal tissues were evaluated for F. nucleatum DNA content. The cycle threshold values in the qPCR assay for F. nucleatum and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (reference sample) decreased linearly with the quantity of input DNA (r2>0.99). The F. nucleatum detection rate in esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer tissues were 20% (4/20), 10% (2/20) and 45% (9/20), respectively. F. nucleatum was not detected in liver and pancreatic cancer tissues. The qPCR results from the frozen and FFPE tissues were consistent. Notably, F. nucleatum was detected at a higher level in superficial areas compared with the invasive areas. F. nucleatum in esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer tissues was evaluated by qPCR using FFPE tissues. F. nucleatum may be involved in the development of esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Yamamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miyake
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hironobu Shigaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kosuke Mima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Junji Kurashige
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yasuo Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masayuki Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Sedighi M, Razavi S, Navab-Moghadam F, Khamseh ME, Alaei-Shahmiri F, Mehrtash A, Amirmozafari N. Comparison of gut microbiota in adult patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals. Microb Pathog 2017; 111:362-369. [PMID: 28912092 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that inflammatory reactions leading to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may also contribute to variations in the composition of the intestinal microbiota, suggesting a relation between T2DM and bacterial residents in the intestinal tract. This case-control study was designed to evaluate the composition of the gut microbiota dominant bacterial groups in patients with T2DM compared to the healthy people. A total of 36 adult subjects (18 patients diagnosed with T2DM and 18 healthy persons) were included in the study. The intestinal microbiota composition was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method using bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The quantities of two groups of bacteria were meaningfully different among T2DM patients and healthy individuals. While, the level of Lactobacillus was significantly higher in the patients with T2DM (P value < 0.001), Bifidobacterium was significantly more frequent in the healthy people (P value < 0.001). The quantities of Prevotella (P value = 0.0.08) and Fusobacterium (P value = 0.99) genera in faecal samples were not significantly different between the two groups. The significant alterations in dominant faecal bacterial genera found in T2DM patients participating in the current study highlight the link between T2DM disease and compositional variation in intestinal flora. These findings may be valuable for developing approaches to control T2DM by modifying the gut microbiota. More investigations with focus on various taxonomic levels (family, genus and species) of bacteria are necessary to clarify the exact relevance of changes in the gut microbial communities with the progression of T2DM disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Sedighi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Navab-Moghadam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad E Khamseh
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fariba Alaei-Shahmiri
- Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhosein Mehrtash
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nour Amirmozafari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Nitta H, Katagiri S, Nagasawa T, Izumi Y, Ishikawa I, Izumiyama H, Uchimura I, Kanazawa M, Chiba H, Matsuo A, Utsunomiya K, Tanabe H, Takei I, Asanami S, Kajio H, Ono T, Hayashi Y, Ueki K, Tsuji M, Kurachi Y, Yamanouchi T, Ichinokawa Y, Inokuchi T, Fukui A, Miyazaki S, Miyauchi T, Kawahara R, Ogiuchi H, Yoshioka N, Negishi J, Mori M, Mogi K, Saito Y, Tanzawa H, Nishikawa T, Takada N, Nanjo K, Morita N, Nakamura N, Kanamura N, Makino H, Nishimura F, Kobayashi K, Higuchi Y, Sakata T, Yanagisawa S, Tei C, Ando Y, Hanada N, Inoue S. The number of microvascular complications is associated with an increased risk for severity of periodontitis in type 2 diabetes patients: Results of a multicenter hospital-based cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Investig 2017; 8:677-686. [PMID: 28129466 PMCID: PMC5583958 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction To explore the relationships between periodontitis and microvascular complications as well as glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Materials and Methods This multicenter, hospital‐based, cross‐sectional study included 620 patients with type 2 diabetes. We compared the prevalence and severity of periodontitis between patients with ≥1 microvascular complication and those without microvascular complications. We also compared the prevalence and severity of periodontitis among patients with different degrees of glycemic control. Results After adjusting for confounding factors, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the severity of periodontitis was significantly associated with the number of microvascular complications (odds ratio 1.3, 95% confidence interval 1.1–1.6), glycated hemoglobin ≥8.0% (64 mmol/mol; odds ratio 1.6; 95% confidence interval 1.1–2.3), and older age (≥50 years; odds ratio 1.7; 95% confidence interval 1.1–2.6). However, the prevalence of periodontitis was not significantly associated with the number of microvascular complications, but was associated with male sex, high glycated hemoglobin (≥8.0% [64 mmol/mol]), older age (≥40 years), longer duration of diabetes (≥15 years) and fewer teeth (≤25). Furthermore, propensity score matching for age, sex, diabetes duration and glycated hemoglobin showed that the incidence of severe periodontitis was significantly higher among patients with microvascular complications than among those without microvascular complications (P < 0.05). Conclusions The number of microvascular complications is a risk factor for more severe periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes, whereas poor glycemic control is a risk factor for increased prevalence and severity of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nitta
- Medical and Dental Hospitals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Katagiri
- Medical and Dental Hospitals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nagasawa
- Medical and Dental Hospitals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Kagoshima University Medical and Dental Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Isao Ishikawa
- Medical and Dental Hospitals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Izumiyama
- Medical and Dental Hospitals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Uchimura
- Medical and Dental Hospitals, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hiroshi Kajio
- Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toaki Ono
- Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kiichi Ueki
- Nihon University Itabashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Akiko Fukui
- Toho University Omori Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jun Negishi
- Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Mogi
- Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kishio Nanjo
- Wakayama Medical University Hospital, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Nobuo Morita
- Wakayama Medical University Hospital, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Naoto Nakamura
- University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Narisato Kanamura
- University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Makino
- University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshinori Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kyusyu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Chuwa Tei
- Kagoshima University Medical and Dental Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ando
- Department of Oral Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Hanada
- Department of Oral Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan
| | - Shuji Inoue
- Department of Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Home Economics, Kyoritsu Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Miranda TS, Feres M, Retamal-Valdés B, Perez-Chaparro PJ, Maciel SS, Duarte PM. Influence of glycemic control on the levels of subgingival periodontal pathogens in patients with generalized chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. J Appl Oral Sci 2017; 25:82-89. [PMID: 28198980 PMCID: PMC5289404 DOI: 10.1590/1678-77572016-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the influence of glycemic control on the levels and frequency of subgingival periodontal pathogens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). Material and Methods Fifty-six patients with generalized ChP and type 2 DM were assigned according to the levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) into one of the following groups: HbA1c<8% (n=28) or HbA1c≥8% (n=28). Three subgingival biofilm samples from sites with probing depth (PD)<5 mm and three samples from sites with PD≥5 mm were analyzed by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the presence and levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Eubacterium nodatum, Parvimona micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum ssp. and Prevotella intermedia. Results The mean counts of F. nucleatum ssp. were statistically significantly higher in the sites with PD≥5 mm of the HbA1c≥8% group (p<0.05). Frequencies of detection of T. forsythia, E. nodatum, P. micra and F. nucleatum ssp. were all higher in the sites with PD≥5 mm of the patients with HbA1c≥8%, compared with those of patients with HbA1c<8% (p<0.05). Frequency of detection of P. intermedia was higher in the sites with PD<5 mm of the patients with HbA1c≥8% than those of the patients with HbA1c<8% (p<0.05). Conclusions Poor glycemic control, as indicated by HbA1c≥8%, is associated with increased levels and frequencies of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival biofilm of subjects with type 2 DM and ChP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magda Feres
- Universidade Guarulhos, Centro de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa, Guarulhos, SP, Brasil
| | - Belén Retamal-Valdés
- Universidade Guarulhos, Centro de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa, Guarulhos, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Suellen Silva Maciel
- Universidade Guarulhos, Centro de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa, Guarulhos, SP, Brasil
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27
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Schmalz G, Schiffers N, Schwabe S, Vasko R, Müller GA, Haak R, Mausberg RF, Ziebolz D. Dental and periodontal health, and microbiological and salivary conditions in patients with or without diabetes undergoing haemodialysis. Int Dent J 2017; 67:186-193. [PMID: 28547773 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the dental and periodontal health, as well as the microbiological and salivary conditions, of patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) who are receiving haemodialysis. METHODS One-hundred and fifty-nine haemodialysis patients were included and divided into groups according to the pre-existing diabetes status: DM or no DM. The oral examination included dental findings and assessment of the periodontal situation. The periodontal condition was classified as healthy/mild, moderate or severe periodontitis. Subgingival biofilm samples were analysed using the polymerase chain reaction. The salivary diagnostics included measurement of unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow, pH and buffer capacity. Statistical analyses used Fisher's test, the t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test (α = 5%). RESULTS The dental findings showed no significant difference between patients with and without DM (P = 0.44). The prevalence of periodontitis was high (96% in patients with DM and 97% in patients who did not have DM) and there was no significant difference between the groups (P = 0.71). There was a higher prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Parvimonas micros, Eubacterium nucleatum and Capnocytophaga spp. in patients without DM (P < 0.05). The salivary pH was significantly higher in patients without DM (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION While differences in the prevalence of periodontal pathogenic bacteria and in the salivary pH were detected between the groups, the dental and periodontal status was comparable between patients with and without DM. Accordingly, DM appears to have no decisive influence on the oral health in patients treated with haemodialysis who have well-controlled diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nora Schiffers
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology, and Cariology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Schwabe
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology, and Cariology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Radovan Vasko
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard A Müller
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Rainer Haak
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rainer F Mausberg
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology, and Cariology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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28
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Burcelin R, Nicolas S, Blasco-Baque V. Microbiotes et maladies métaboliques. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32:952-960. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20163211010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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29
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Bignozzi I, Ciobanu G, Quaranta A, Pompa G. Dental Implant Sites in Healthy versus Diabetic Subjects: A Two-Year Clinical and Bacteriological Assessment. EUR J INFLAMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1301100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) possible differences in periimplant microbiota of patients without significant systemic diseases versus patients affected by non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), both treated with dental implants with the same implant-abutment system. Patients suffering from NIDDM, and those with no history of major systemic diseases, treated with dental implants at the Prosthodontics Operative Unit of “Sapienza” University of Rome in the period February 2009 - March 2010 were considered. Clinical parameters as well as microbiological profile were evaluated for each implant site at 3, 6,12, and 24 month follow-up. Crevicular fluid was collected for microbial sampling and analyzed by Real-Time PCR in order to identify the possible presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia. Eight patients suffering from NIDDM and 22 with no history of major systemic diseases were included in the present investigation, each having received one to three dental implants. All the implants had been loaded 3 months after surgery, and the average follow-up after implant placement was 26.37±3.86. Clinical parameters showed no noticeable difference between the two groups, except for the Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) that showed significantly lower values in NIDDM patients. A slightly higher amount of the considered pathogenic bacteria were retrieved in samples collected from patients with NIDDM (7.38×105) in comparison with those of healthy subjects (6.78×105), though the differences were below statistical significance. Within the limitations of the present study, a slight correlation was empirically detected between gene expression profiles of microbial populations and history of NIDDM, which however remained below the statistical significance. Further well-designed clinical studies may be useful to conclusively clarify the impact of subgingival microflora on the increased susceptibility of diabetic patients to periimplantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Bignozzi
- Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences, Prosthodontics Unit, “Sapienza”, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Ciobanu
- Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences, Prosthodontics Unit, “Sapienza”, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Quaranta
- Department of Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Periodontics Unit, Polytechnic University of the Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - G. Pompa
- Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences, Prosthodontics Unit, “Sapienza”, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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30
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Carrouel F, Viennot S, Santamaria J, Veber P, Bourgeois D. Quantitative Molecular Detection of 19 Major Pathogens in the Interdental Biofilm of Periodontally Healthy Young Adults. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:840. [PMID: 27313576 PMCID: PMC4889612 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In oral health, the interdental spaces are a real ecological niche for which the body has few or no alternative defenses and where the traditional daily methods for control by disrupting biofilm are not adequate. The interdental spaces are the source of many hypotheses regarding their potential associations with and/or causes of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, degenerative disease, and depression. This PCR study is the first to describe the interdental microbiota in healthy adults aged 18–35 years-old with reference to the Socransky complexes. The complexes tended to reflect microbial succession events in developing dental biofilms. Early colonizers included members of the yellow, green, and purple complexes. The orange complex bacteria generally appear after the early colonizers and include many putative periodontal pathogens, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum. The red complex (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola) was considered the climax community and is on the list of putative periodontal pathogens. The 19 major periodontal pathogens tested were expressed at various levels. F. nucleatum was the most abundant species, and the least abundant were Actinomyces viscosus, P. gingivalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The genome counts for Eikenella corrodens, Campylobacter concisus, Campylobacter rectus, T. denticola, and Tannerella forsythensis increased significantly with subject age. The study highlights the observation that bacteria from the yellow complex (Streptococcus spp., S. mitis), the green complex (E. corrodens, Campylobacter gracilis, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Capnocytophaga sputigena, A. actinomycetemcomitans), the purple complex (Veillonella parvula, Actinomyces odontolyticus) and the blue complex (A. viscosus) are correlated. Concerning the orange complex, F. nucleatum is the most abundant species in interdental biofilm. The red complex, which is recognized as the most important pathogen in adult periodontal disease, represents 8.08% of the 19 bacteria analyzed. P. gingivalis was detected in 19% of healthy subjects and represents 0.02% of the interdental biofilm. T. forsythensis and T. denticola (0.02 and 0.04% of the interdental biofilm) were detected in 93 and 49% of healthy subjects, respectively. The effective presence of periodontal pathogens is a strong indicator of the need to develop new methods for disrupting interdental biofilm in daily oral hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Carrouel
- Institute of Functional Genomics of Lyon, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, University Lyon 1, Lyon France
| | - Stéphane Viennot
- Laboratory "Health, Individual, Society" EA4129, University Lyon 1, Lyon France
| | - Julie Santamaria
- Department of Prevention and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University Lyon 1, Lyon France
| | - Philippe Veber
- Laboratory "Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive", UMR CNRS 5558 - LBBE, University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne France
| | - Denis Bourgeois
- Laboratory "Health, Individual, Society" EA4129, University Lyon 1, Lyon France
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31
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Branchereau M, Reichardt F, Loubieres P, Marck P, Waget A, Azalbert V, Colom A, Padmanabhan R, Iacovoni JS, Giry A, Tercé F, Heymes C, Burcelin R, Serino M, Blasco-Baque V. Periodontal dysbiosis linked to periodontitis is associated with cardiometabolic adaptation to high-fat diet in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 310:G1091-101. [PMID: 27033119 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00424.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes are connected pandemic diseases, and both are risk factors for cardiovascular complications. Nevertheless, the molecular factors relating these two chronic pathologies are poorly understood. We have shown that, in response to a long-term fat-enriched diet, mice present particular gut microbiota profiles related to three metabolic phenotypes: diabetic-resistant (DR), intermediate (Inter), and diabetic-sensitive (DS). Moreover, many studies suggest that a dysbiosis of periodontal microbiota could be associated with the incidence of metabolic and cardiac diseases. We investigated whether periodontitis together with the periodontal microbiota may also be associated with these different cardiometabolic phenotypes. We report that the severity of glucose intolerance is related to the severity of periodontitis and cardiac disorders. In detail, alveolar bone loss was more accentuated in DS than Inter, DR, and normal chow-fed mice. Molecular markers of periodontal inflammation, such as TNF-α and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA levels, correlated positively with both alveolar bone loss and glycemic index. Furthermore, the periodontal microbiota of DR mice was dominated by the Streptococcaceae family of the phylum Firmicutes, whereas the periodontal microbiota of DS mice was characterized by increased Porphyromonadaceae and Prevotellaceae families. Moreover, in DS mice the periodontal microbiota was indicated by an abundance of the genera Prevotella and Tannerella, which are major periodontal pathogens. PICRUSt analysis of the periodontal microbiome highlighted that prenyltransferase pathways follow the cardiometabolic adaptation to a high-fat diet. Finally, DS mice displayed a worse cardiac phenotype, percentage of fractional shortening, heart rhythm, and left ventricle weight-to-tibia length ratio than Inter and DR mice. Together, our data show that periodontitis combined with particular periodontal microbiota and microbiome is associated with metabolic adaptation to a high-fat diet related to the severity of cardiometabolic alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Branchereau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - François Reichardt
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Loubieres
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Faculté de Chirurgie-Dentaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; and
| | - Pauline Marck
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Waget
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Azalbert
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - André Colom
- Equipe Intéraction Mycobactériennes avec les Cellules Hôtes, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Roshan Padmanabhan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jason S Iacovoni
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anaïs Giry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - François Tercé
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Heymes
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Remy Burcelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Matteo Serino
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Blasco-Baque
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1048 and Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Faculté de Chirurgie-Dentaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; and
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Influence of Type 2 Diabetes on Prevalence of Key Periodontal Pathogens, Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinases, and Bone Remodeling Markers in Sudanese Adults with and without Chronic Periodontitis. Int J Dent 2016; 2016:6296854. [PMID: 26989414 PMCID: PMC4773545 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6296854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the influence of type 2 diabetes on the occurrence of six periodontal pathogens in plaque samples of patients with and without chronic periodontitis. Levels of salivary MMP-8, MMP-9, RANKL, and OPG were also investigated. The study enrolled 31 patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis (DM + CP), 29 with chronic periodontitis (CP), and 20 with type 2 diabetes (DM). Questionnaire-guided interviews were conducted and plaque index, bleeding on probing, and pocket depth were recorded. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized to determine the prevalence of the bacteria. The levels of salivary molecules were determined by enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The CP group had the highest prevalence of P. gingivalis (81.5%), followed by the DM + CP (59.3%) and DM (55.0%) groups (P > 0.05). Similar trends were observed for P. intermedia and T. denticola. The prevalence of T. forsythia was 100% in both periodontitis groups compared to 90% in the DM group. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding the concentrations of MMP-8, MMP-9, or OPG. RANKL concentrations were below the detection limit. Our data show that type 2 diabetes has no significant influence on the prevalence of the investigated periodontal pathogens, or the levels of salivary MMP-8, MMP-9, and OPG.
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Deppe H, Mücke T, Wagenpfeil S, Kesting M, Karl J, Noe S, Sculean A. Are selected IL-1 polymorphisms and selected subgingival microorganisms significantly associated to periodontitis in type 2 diabetes patients? a clinical study. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:143. [PMID: 26576766 PMCID: PMC4650288 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated the periodontal conditions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to metabolically healthy controls, and determined whether periodontal interleukin genotypes and microorganisms differed between participants with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods From April 2011 to July 2012, we prospectively enrolled healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Evaluation included assessment of medical and periodontal findings. We also recorded the presence of several interleukin gene variants and specific microorganisms, both available through commercially available diagnostic kits. Statistical significance was tested by the chi-square test and student’s t-test. Results We enrolled 52 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 52 healthy controls. Compared with controls, periodontal disease was significantly more severe in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus for the following: plaque index, bleeding on probing, pocket probing depth, clinical attachment loss, severe periodontal destruction (i.e., clinical attachment loss ≥ 5 mm), and number of teeth. However, statistical analysis failed to detect significant differences with respect to the periodontal-related interleukin genotypes (p ≥ 0.58) or the selected oral microbiota (p ≥ 0.15). Conclusion Based on these results, it may be assumed that chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is most strongly associated with inadequate oral hygiene. Periodontal interleukin genotypes and differences in oral microbiota seem to play a subordinate role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Deppe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, Homburg Saar, D-81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, Homburg Saar, D-81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Stefan Wagenpfeil
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, University of Saarland, Homburg Saar, Germany.
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, Homburg Saar, D-81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia Karl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, Homburg Saar, D-81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Noe
- Department of Internal Medical Department II, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Homburg Saar, Germany.
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
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Wu Y, Wang W, Liu L. Effect of β-anhydroicaritin on the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and matrix metalloproteinase-3 in periodontal tissue of diabetic rats. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1829-37. [PMID: 25847066 PMCID: PMC4464411 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of β-anhydroicaritin on the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, and the pathological changes in the periodontal tissue of diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats (n=40; three months old) were randomly divided into four groups: Normal control group, diabetes group, diabetes + β-anhydroicaritin group and diabetes + urate group, (n=10 in each group). Following an overnight fast, diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin. The rats were maintained for 12 weeks and the blood sugar, urine sugar and body weight were assessed in week 12. Histological changes of the periodontal tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the expression levels of TNF-α and MMP-3 were observed by immunohistochemistry. Following 12 weeks, the TNF-α grey value in the diabetes group was significantly lower compared with that in the control group (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed between TNF-α levels in the diabetes + β-anhydroicaritin group, diabetes + urate group and the control group (P>0.05). However, TNF-α levels in the diabetes + β-anhdroicaritin group and diabetes + urate group were significantly higher compared with those in the diabetes group (P<0.05), and those in the diabetes + β-anhydroicaritin group were lower compared with those in the diabetes + urate group (P<0.05). The MMP-3 grey value in the diabetes group was significantly lower compared with that in the control group (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed between MMP-3 levels in the diabetes + β-anhydroicaritin group, diabetes + urate group and the control group (P>0.05). However, MMP-3 levels the diabetes + β-anhydroicaritin group and diabetes + urate group were significantly higher compared with those in the diabetes group (P<0.05), and those in the diabetes + β-anhydroicaritin group were lower compared with those in the diabetes + urate group (P<0.01). β-anhydroicaritin normalized the expression levels of TNF-α and MMP-3 in the periodontal tissue of diabetic rats and led to the recovery of the changes in the morphological structure of the periodontal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingtao Wu
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266001, P.R. China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266001, P.R. China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Qingdao Hiser Medical Group, Qingdao, Shandong 266001, P.R. China
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Han YW. Fusobacterium nucleatum: a commensal-turned pathogen. Curr Opin Microbiol 2015; 23:141-7. [PMID: 25576662 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is an anaerobic oral commensal and a periodontal pathogen associated with a wide spectrum of human diseases. This article reviews its implication in adverse pregnancy outcomes (chorioamnionitis, preterm birth, stillbirth, neonatal sepsis, preeclampsia), GI disorders (colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, appendicitis), cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory tract infections, Lemierre's syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. The virulence mechanisms involved in the diseases are discussed, with emphasis on its colonization, systemic dissemination, and induction of host inflammatory and tumorigenic responses. The FadA adhesin/invasin conserved in F. nucleatum is a key virulence factor and a potential diagnostic marker for F. nucleatum-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping W Han
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral Diagnostics & Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, United States; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, United States; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, United States.
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Trindade F, Oppenheim FG, Helmerhorst EJ, Amado F, Gomes PS, Vitorino R. Uncovering the molecular networks in periodontitis. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 8:748-61. [PMID: 24828325 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex immune-inflammatory disease that results from a preestablished infection in gingiva, mainly due to Gram-negative bacteria that colonize deeper in gingival sulcus and latter periodontal pocket. Host inflammatory and immune responses have both protective and destructive roles. Although cytokines, prostaglandins, and proteases struggle against microbial burden, these molecules promote connective tissue loss and alveolar bone resorption, leading to several histopathological changes, namely destruction of periodontal ligament, deepening of periodontal pocket, and bone loss, which can converge to attain tooth loss. Despite the efforts of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics/peptidomics, and metabolomics, there is no available biomarker for periodontitis diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment evaluation, which could assist on the established clinical evaluation. Nevertheless, some genes, transcripts, proteins and metabolites have already shown a different expression in healthy subjects and in patients. Though, so far, 'omics approaches only disclosed the host inflammatory response as a consequence of microbial invasion in periodontitis and the diagnosis in periodontitis still relies on clinical parameters, thus a molecular tool for assessing periodontitis lacks in current dental medicine paradigm. Saliva and gingival crevicular fluid have been attracting researchers due to their diagnostic potential, ease, and noninvasive nature of collection. Each one of these fluids has some advantages and disadvantages that are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Trindade
- QOPNA, Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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Merchant AT, Shrestha D, Chaisson C, Choi YH, Hazlett LJ, Zhang J. Association between Serum Antibodies to Oral Microorganisms and Hyperglycemia in Adults. J Dent Res 2014; 93:752-9. [PMID: 24943202 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514538451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the relationship between serum antibody titers against 19 selected oral microorganisms and measures of hyperglycemia in a large, nationally representative data set. The study population consisted of 7,848 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988-1994) who were at least 40 yrs old, with complete serum IgG antibody data against 19 oral microorganisms. The 19 antibody titers were grouped into 4 categories via cluster analysis--orange-red, yellow-orange, orange-blue, and red-green--named to reflect predominant antibody titers against microorganisms in Socransky's classification scheme for oral microbes. Linear regression models weighted for complex survey design were used in which fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and HbA1c were outcomes and antibody cluster scores were exposures, adjusting for potential confounders. Higher orange-red cluster scores were associated with increased hyperglycemia, while higher orange-blue cluster scores were related with decreased hyperglycemia. A 1-unit-higher orange-red cluster score was associated with 0.46 mg/dL higher fasting blood glucose (p = .0038), and a 1-unit-higher orange-blue cluster score was associated with 0.34% lower HbA1c (p = .0257). Groups of antibody titers against periodontal microorganisms were associated with hyperglycemia independent of known risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - D Shrestha
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - C Chaisson
- Undergraduate Program in Public Health, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - Y H Choi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, South Korea
| | - L J Hazlett
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
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CORTELLI JR, PINHEIRO RMS, COSTA FDO, AQUINO DR, RASLAN SA, CORTELLI SC. Salivary and microbiological parameters of chronic periodontitis subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/rou.2014.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several studies have investigated the differences in salivary parameters and microbial composition between diabetic and non-diabetic patients, however, specific differences are still not clear mainly due to the effects of confounder. Aim: The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the salivary and microbial parameters of chronic periodontitis subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and method: This case-control study included 60 chronic periodontitis subjects, 30 diabetics (case group) and 30 non-diabetics (control group), paired according to periodontitis severity, gender and age. Stimulated whole saliva was collected from all volunteers to measure the salivary pH and the salivary flow rate. Bacterial samples were collected with paper points from periodontal sites showing the deepest periodontal pocket depth associated with the highest clinical attachment loss. The frequency of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. intermedia, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and C. rectus was evaluated by PCR. Data was statistically analyzed by Student's t, Mann-Whitney and Chi-square (p<0.05). Result: Diabetic subjects showed higher salivary glucose levels and lower stimulated flow rates in comparison to non-diabetic controls. P. gingivalis and T. forsythia were the most frequent pathogens (p<0.05). Bacterial frequency did not differ between case and control groups. Conclusion: Diabetes status influenced salivary glucose levels and flow rate. Within the same severity of chronic periodontitis, diabetic subjects did not show higher frequency of periodontal pathogens in comparison to their paired controls.
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Silva-Boghossian CM, Orrico SRP, Gonçalves D, Correa FOB, Colombo APV. Microbiological changes after periodontal therapy in diabetic patients with inadequate metabolic control. Braz Oral Res 2014; 28:S1806-83242014000100222. [PMID: 24918369 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2014.vol28.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment (SRP) on the composition of the subgingival microbiota of chronic periodontitis (CP) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (DM2) with inadequate metabolic control and in systemically healthy (SH) individuals. Forty individuals (20 DM2 and 20 SH) with CP underwent full-mouth periodontal examination. Subgingival plaque was sampled from 4 deep sites of each individual and tested for mean prevalence and counts of 45 bacterial taxa by the checkerboard method. Clinical and microbiological assessments were performed before and 3 months after SRP. At baseline, those in the DM2 group presented a significantly higher percentage of sites with visible plaque and bleeding on probing compared with those in the SH group (p<0.01). Those in the DM2 group presented significantly higher levels of C. rectus and P. gingivalis, and lower prevalence of P. micra and S. anginosus, compared with those in the SH group (p≤0.001). At the 3-month visit, both groups showed a significant improvement in all clinical parameters (p<0.01). Those in the DM2 group showed significantly higher prevalence and/or levels of A. gerencseriae, A. naeslundii I, A. oris, A. odontolyticus, C. sputigena, F. periodonticum, and G. morbillorum compared with those in the SH group (p≤0.001). However, those in the DM2 group showed a significant reduction in the levels of P. intermedia, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, and T. denticola (p≤0.001) over time. Those in the SRP group showed improved periodontal status and reduced levels of putative periodontal pathogens at 3 months' evaluation compared with those in the DM2 group with inadequate metabolic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Maciel Silva-Boghossian
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Silvana Regina Perez Orrico
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Gonçalves
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Oliveira Bello Correa
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Vieira Colombo
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Andriankaja OM, Joshipura K. Potential association between prediabetic conditions and gingival and/or periodontal inflammation. J Diabetes Investig 2014; 5:108-114. [PMID: 24729853 PMCID: PMC3980950 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Prediabetic conditions, which include impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), might be associated with chronic gingival and/or periodontal inflammation. However, the occurrence of this oral inflammation in prediabetic conditions is poorly understood. The present study aimed to assess the association between prediabetes and gingival and/or periodontal inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 94 Puerto Rican men and women aged 40-65 years, who were residents of San Juan, Puerto Rico, and free of diabetes, were included in the study. All participants had at least one tooth site with clinical attachment loss ≥3 mm. Fasting and 2-h plasma glucose were collected. Gingival/periodontal inflammation was assessed by bleeding on gentle probing of the sulcus at six sites per tooth. RESULTS Participants with the percentage of teeth with bleeding on probing (BOP) equal to or greater than the median were compared with those with the percentage of teeth with BOP less than median. Participants with high BOP tended to present higher IFG (odds ratio [OR] 5.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-25.3) and/or prediabetic condition (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.0-13.2) than those with a low percentage of BOP, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, waist circumference and number of missing teeth. Using the continuous form of the outcome, the corresponding adjusted least squares means of percentage of BOP were 26.8 (standard error of the mean [SEM] 2.3) and 43.8 (SEM 6.0) in normal and IFG, respectively (P = 0.01), and 27.0 (SEM 2.4) and 39.0 (SEM 5.3) among healthy and prediabetic individuals, respectively (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION IFG and/or prediabetes are strongly associated with BOP, a marker of chronic gingival/periodontal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oelisoa Mireille Andriankaja
- Center for Clinical Research and Health PromotionSchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of Puerto RicoSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Kaumudi Joshipura
- Center for Clinical Research and Health PromotionSchool of Dental MedicineUniversity of Puerto RicoSan JuanPuerto Rico
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Investigation of the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on subgingival plaque microbiota by high-throughput 16S rDNA pyrosequencing. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61516. [PMID: 23613868 PMCID: PMC3632544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for chronic periodontitis. We investigated the effects of type 2 diabetes on the subgingival plaque bacterial composition by applying culture-independent 16S rDNA sequencing to periodontal bacteria isolated from four groups of volunteers: non-diabetic subjects without periodontitis, non-diabetic subjects with periodontitis, type 2 diabetic patients without periodontitis, and type 2 diabetic patients with periodontitis. A total of 71,373 high-quality sequences were produced from the V1-V3 region of 16S rDNA genes by 454 pyrosequencing. Those 16S rDNA sequences were classified into 16 phyla, 27 classes, 48 orders, 85 families, 126 genera, and 1141 species-level OTUs. Comparing periodontally healthy samples with periodontitis samples identified 20 health-associated and 15 periodontitis-associated OTUs. In the subjects with healthy periodontium, the abundances of three genera (Prevotella, Pseudomonas, and Tannerella) and nine OTUs were significantly different between diabetic patients and their non-diabetic counterparts. In the subjects carrying periodontitis, the abundances of three phyla (Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteriodetes), two genera (Actinomyces and Aggregatibacter), and six OTUs were also significantly different between diabetics and non-diabetics. Our results show that type 2 diabetes mellitus could alter the bacterial composition in the subgingival plaque.
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Blasco-Baque V, Serino M, Vergnes JN, Riant E, Loubieres P, Arnal JF, Gourdy P, Sixou M, Burcelin R, Kemoun P. High-fat diet induces periodontitis in mice through lipopolysaccharides (LPS) receptor signaling: protective action of estrogens. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48220. [PMID: 23133617 PMCID: PMC3487901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A fat-enriched diet favors the development of gram negative bacteria in the intestine which is linked to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Interestingly, some pathogenic gram negative bacteria are commonly associated with the development of periodontitis which, like T2D, is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation. Moreover, estrogens have been shown to regulate glucose homeostasis via an LPS receptor dependent immune-modulation. In this study, we evaluated whether diet-induced metabolic disease would favor the development of periodontitis in mice. In addition, the regulatory role of estrogens in this process was assessed. Methods Four-week-old C57BL6/J WT and CD14 (part of the TLR-4 machinery for LPS-recognition) knock-out female mice were ovariectomised and subcutaneously implanted with pellets releasing either placebo or 17β-estradiol (E2). Mice were then fed with either a normal chow or a high-fat diet for four weeks. The development of diabetes was monitored by an intraperitoneal glucose-tolerance test and plasma insulin concentration while periodontitis was assessed by identification of pathogens, quantification of periodontal soft tissue inflammation and alveolar bone loss. Results The fat-enriched diet increased the prevalence of periodontal pathogenic microbiota like Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia, gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss. E2 treatment prevented this effect and CD14 knock-out mice resisted high-fat diet-induced periodontal defects. Conclusions/Significance Our data show that mice fed with a diabetogenic diet developed defects and microflora of tooth supporting-tissues typically associated with periodontitis. Moreover, our results suggest a causal link between the activation of the LPS pathway on innate immunity by periodontal microbiota and HFD-induced periodontitis, a pathophysiological mechanism that could be targeted by estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Blasco-Baque
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut de Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, France
- L.U. 51, Parodontites et Maladies Générales, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 3, Chemin des Maraîchers, Toulouse, France
| | - Matteo Serino
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut de Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Noël Vergnes
- L.U. 51, Parodontites et Maladies Générales, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 3, Chemin des Maraîchers, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Riant
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut de Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Loubieres
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut de Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, France
- L.U. 51, Parodontites et Maladies Générales, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 3, Chemin des Maraîchers, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut de Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Gourdy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut de Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Sixou
- L.U. 51, Parodontites et Maladies Générales, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 3, Chemin des Maraîchers, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémy Burcelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Université Paul Sabatier, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut de Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (RB); (PK)
| | - Philippe Kemoun
- L.U. 51, Parodontites et Maladies Générales, Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 3, Chemin des Maraîchers, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (RB); (PK)
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Li C, Liu J, Tan L, Yu N, Lin L, Geng F, Zhang D, Pan Y. The sociodemographic characteristics, periodontal health status, and subgingival microbiota of patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study in a Chinese population. J Periodontol 2012; 84:1058-66. [PMID: 23030242 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2012.120282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, chronic periodontitis (CP) is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study is to identify the sociodemographic characteristics associated with such patients and to assess the periodontal health status and subgingival microbiota of patients with CP and T2DM (T2DMCP) in the Chinese population. METHODS A total of 150 patients with T2DMCP and 306 patients with CP without any systemic disease completed questionnaires, underwent clinical periodontal examinations and participated in diabetes-related parameter examinations. Subgingival plaques were obtained to determine the prevalence and amounts of selected oral bacterial species using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR, respectively. RESULTS The income level and mean body mass index (BMI) of the patients with T2DMCP were significantly higher than those of the patients with CP. Additionally, the patients with T2DMCP were more likely to be urban residents, and they had significantly more severe periodontitis than did the patients with CP. In the patients with T2DMCP, the prevalence and amounts of Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia were significantly higher than those in the patients with CP. Finally, compared with the patients with CP, the patients with T2DMCP had a significantly lower prevalence and amount of Prevotella intermedia. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the patients with CP, the patients with T2DMCP were more likely to be urban residents and generally had higher incomes, higher mean BMI, and poorer periodontal health status. Higher levels of T. denticola and T. forsythia and lower levels of P. intermedia were identified in the subgingival plaque of the patients with T2DMCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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