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Arnold ML, Cooper J, Androwski R, Ardeshna S, Melentijevic I, Smart J, Guasp RJ, Nguyen KCQ, Bai G, Hall DH, Grant BD, Driscoll M. Intermediate filaments associate with aggresome-like structures in proteostressed C. elegans neurons and influence large vesicle extrusions as exophers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4450. [PMID: 37488107 PMCID: PMC10366101 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxic protein aggregates can spread among neurons to promote human neurodegenerative disease pathology. We found that in C. elegans touch neurons intermediate filament proteins IFD-1 and IFD-2 associate with aggresome-like organelles and are required cell-autonomously for efficient production of neuronal exophers, giant vesicles that can carry aggregates away from the neuron of origin. The C. elegans aggresome-like organelles we identified are juxtanuclear, HttPolyQ aggregate-enriched, and dependent upon orthologs of mammalian aggresome adaptor proteins, dynein motors, and microtubule integrity for localized aggregate collection. These key hallmarks indicate that conserved mechanisms drive aggresome formation. Furthermore, we found that human neurofilament light chain (NFL) can substitute for C. elegans IFD-2 in promoting exopher extrusion. Taken together, our results suggest a conserved influence of intermediate filament association with aggresomes and neuronal extrusions that eject potentially toxic material. Our findings expand understanding of neuronal proteostasis and suggest implications for neurodegenerative disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Lee Arnold
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Jason Cooper
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Rebecca Androwski
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Sohil Ardeshna
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Ilija Melentijevic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Joelle Smart
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Ryan J Guasp
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - Ken C Q Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Rose F. Kennedy Center, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ge Bai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA
| | - David H Hall
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Rose F. Kennedy Center, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Barth D Grant
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA.
| | - Monica Driscoll
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08855, USA.
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2
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HSV-1 cellular model reveals links between aggresome formation and early step of Alzheimer's disease. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:86. [PMID: 36898995 PMCID: PMC10006237 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies highlight the potential link between the chronic degenerative Alzheimer's disease and the infection by the herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1). However, the molecular mechanisms making possible this HSV-1-dependent process remain to be understood. Using neuronal cells expressing the wild type form of amyloid precursor protein (APP) infected by HSV-1, we characterized a representative cellular model of the early stage of the sporadic form of the disease and unraveled a molecular mechanism sustaining this HSV-1- Alzheimer's disease interplay. Here, we show that HSV-1 induces caspase-dependent production of the 42 amino-acid long amyloid peptide (Aβ42) oligomers followed by their accumulation in neuronal cells. Aβ42 oligomers and activated caspase 3 (casp3A) concentrate into intracytoplasmic structures observed in Alzheimer's disease neuronal cells called aggresomes. This casp3A accumulation in aggresomes during HSV-1 infection limits the execution of apoptosis until its term, similarly to an abortosis-like event occurring in Alzheimer's disease neuronal cells patients. Indeed, this particular HSV-1 driven cellular context, representative of early stages of the disease, sustains a failed apoptosis mechanism that could explain the chronic amplification of Aβ42 production characteristic of Alzheimer's disease patients. Finally, we show that combination of flurbiprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), with caspase inhibitor reduced drastically HSV-1-induced Aβ42 oligomers production. This provided mechanistic insights supporting the conclusion of clinical trials showing that NSAIDs reduced Alzheimer's disease incidence in early stage of the disease. Therefore, from our study we propose that caspase-dependent production of Aβ42 oligomers together with the abortosis-like event represents a vicious circle in early Alzheimer's disease stages leading to a chronic amplification of Aβ42 oligomers that contributes to the establishment of degenerative disorder like Alzheimer's disease in patients infected by HSV-1. Interestingly this process could be targeted by an association of NSAID with caspase inhibitors.
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3
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Zhang B, Burke R. Copper homeostasis and the ubiquitin proteasome system. Metallomics 2023; 15:7055959. [PMID: 36822629 PMCID: PMC10022722 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Copper is involved in many physiological pathways and important biological processes as a cofactor of several copper-dependent enzymes. Given the requirement for copper and its potential toxicity, intracellular copper levels are tightly controlled. Disturbances of human copper homeostasis are characterized by disorders of copper overload (Wilson's disease) or copper deficiency (Menkes disease). The maintenance of cellular copper levels involves numerous copper transporters and copper chaperones. Recently, accumulating evidence has revealed that components of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) participate in the posttranslational regulation of these proteins, suggesting that they might play a role in maintaining copper homeostasis. Cellular copper levels could also affect the activity of the UPS, indicating that copper homeostasis and the UPS are interdependent. Copper homeostasis and the UPS are essential to the integrity of normal brain function and while separate links between neurodegenerative diseases and UPS inhibition/copper dyshomeostasis have been extensively reported, there is growing evidence that these two networks might contribute synergistically to the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the role of copper and the UPS in the development of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and discuss the genetic interactions between copper transporters/chaperones and components of the UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bichao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Richard Burke
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Eldeeb MA, Ragheb MA, Soliman MH, Fahlman RP. Regulation of Neurodegeneration-associated Protein Fragments by the N-degron Pathways. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:298-318. [PMID: 35043375 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Among the most salient features that underpin the development of aging-related neurodegenerative disorders are the accumulation of protein aggregates and the decrease in cellular degradation capacity. Mammalian cells have evolved sophisticated quality control mechanisms to repair or eliminate the otherwise abnormal or misfolded proteins. Chaperones identify unstable or abnormal conformations in proteins and often help them regain their correct conformation. However, if repair is not an option, abnormal proteins are selectively degraded to prevent undesired interactions with other proteins or oligomerization into toxic multimeric complexes. The autophagic-lysosomal system and the ubiquitin-proteasome system mediate the selective and targeted degradation of abnormal or aberrant protein fragments. Despite an increasing understanding regarding the molecular responses that counteract the formation and clearance of dysfunctional protein aggregates, the role of N-degrons in these processes is poorly understood. Previous work demonstrated that the Arg-N-end rule degradation pathway (Arg-N-degron pathway) mediates the degradation of neurodegeneration-associated proteins, thereby regulating crucial signaling hubs that modulate the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we discuss the functional interconnection between N-degron pathways and proteins associated with neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. We also highlight some future prospects related to how the molecular insights gained from these processes will help unveil novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Eldeeb
- Chemistry Department (Biochemistry Division), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. .,Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill Parkinson Program, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Mohamed A Ragheb
- Chemistry Department (Biochemistry Division), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa H Soliman
- Chemistry Department (Biochemistry Division), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Richard P Fahlman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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5
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Kumar D, Sharma A, Sharma L. A Comprehensive Review of Alzheimer's Association with Related Proteins: Pathological Role and Therapeutic Significance. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 18:674-695. [PMID: 32172687 PMCID: PMC7536827 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200203101828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's is an insidious, progressive, chronic neurodegenerative disease which causes the devastation of neurons. Alzheimer's possesses complex pathologies of heterogeneous nature counting proteins as one major factor along with enzymes and mutated genes. Proteins such as amyloid precursor protein (APP), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), presenilin, mortalin, calbindin-D28K, creactive protein, heat shock proteins (HSPs), and prion protein are some of the chief elements in the foremost hypotheses of AD like amyloid-beta (Aβ) cascade hypothesis, tau hypothesis, cholinergic neuron damage, etc. Disturbed expression of these proteins results in synaptic dysfunction, cognitive impairment, memory loss, and neuronal degradation. On the therapeutic ground, attempts of developing anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, anti-tau therapies are on peak, having APP and tau as putative targets. Some proteins, e.g., HSPs, which ameliorate oxidative stress, calpains, which help in regulating synaptic plasticity, and calmodulin-like skin protein (CLSP) with its neuroprotective role are few promising future targets for developing anti-AD therapies. On diagnostic grounds of AD C-reactive protein, pentraxins, collapsin response mediator protein-2, and growth-associated protein-43 represent the future of new possible biomarkers for diagnosing AD. The last few decades were concentrated over identifying and studying protein targets of AD. Here, we reviewed the physiological/pathological roles and therapeutic significance of nearly all the proteins associated with AD that addresses putative as well as probable targets for developing effective anti-AD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Aditi Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P., India
| | - Lalit Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, H.P., India
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6
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Yamaguchi M, Lee IS, Jantrapirom S, Suda K, Yoshida H. Drosophila models to study causative genes for human rare intractable neurological diseases. Exp Cell Res 2021; 403:112584. [PMID: 33812867 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila is emerging as a convenient model for investigating human diseases. Functional homologues of almost 75% of human disease-related genes are found in Drosophila. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease that causes defects in motoneurons. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the most commonly found inherited neuropathies affecting both motor and sensory neurons. No effective therapy has been established for either of these diseases. In this review, after overviewing ALS, Drosophila models targeting several ALS-causing genes, including TDP-43, FUS and Ubiquilin2, are described with their genetic interactants. Then, after overviewing CMT, examples of Drosophila models targeting several CMT-causing genes, including mitochondria-related genes and FIG 4, are also described with their genetic interactants. In addition, we introduce Sotos syndrome caused by mutations in the epigenetic regulator gene NSD1. Lastly, several genes and pathways that commonly interact with ALS- and/or CMT-causing genes are described. In the case of ALS and CMT that have many causative genes, it may be not practical to perform gene therapy for each of the many disease-causing genes. The possible uses of the common genes and pathways as novel diagnosis markers and effective therapeutic targets are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan; Kansai Gakken Laboratory, Kankyo Eisei Yakuhin Co. Ltd., Seika-cho, Kyoto, 619-0237, Japan
| | - Im-Soon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Salinee Jantrapirom
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kojiro Suda
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hideki Yoshida
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
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7
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It's not just a phase; ubiquitination in cytosolic protein quality control. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:365-377. [PMID: 33634825 PMCID: PMC7924994 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of misfolded proteins is associated with numerous degenerative conditions, cancers and genetic diseases. These pathological imbalances in protein homeostasis (termed proteostasis), result from the improper triage and disposal of damaged and defective proteins from the cell. The ubiquitin-proteasome system is a key pathway for the molecular control of misfolded cytosolic proteins, co-opting a cascade of ubiquitin ligases to direct terminally damaged proteins to the proteasome via modification with chains of the small protein, ubiquitin. Despite the evidence for ubiquitination in this critical pathway, the precise complement of ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases that modulate this process remains under investigation. Whilst chaperones act as the first line of defence against protein misfolding, the ubiquitination machinery has a pivotal role in targeting terminally defunct cytosolic proteins for destruction. Recent work points to a complex assemblage of chaperones, ubiquitination machinery and subcellular quarantine as components of the cellular arsenal against proteinopathies. In this review, we examine the contribution of these pathways and cellular compartments to the maintenance of the cytosolic proteome. Here we will particularly focus on the ubiquitin code and the critical enzymes which regulate misfolded proteins in the cytosol, the molecular point of origin for many neurodegenerative and genetic diseases.
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8
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Marttinen M, Ferreira CB, Paldanius KMA, Takalo M, Natunen T, Mäkinen P, Leppänen L, Leinonen V, Tanigaki K, Kang G, Hiroi N, Soininen H, Rilla K, Haapasalo A, Hiltunen M. Presynaptic Vesicle Protein SEPTIN5 Regulates the Degradation of APP C-Terminal Fragments and the Levels of Aβ. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112482. [PMID: 33203136 PMCID: PMC7696542 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by aberrant amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau aggregation. We have previously investigated the involvement of SEPTIN family members in AD-related cellular processes and discovered a role for SEPTIN8 in the sorting and accumulation of β-secretase. Here, we elucidated the potential role of SEPTIN5, an interaction partner of SEPTIN8, in the cellular processes relevant for AD, including amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and the generation of Aβ. The in vitro and in vivo studies both revealed that the downregulation of SEPTIN5 reduced the levels of APP C-terminal fragments (APP CTFs) and Aβ in neuronal cells and in the cortex of Septin5 knockout mice. Mechanistic elucidation revealed that the downregulation of SEPTIN5 increased the degradation of APP CTFs, without affecting the secretory pathway-related trafficking or the endocytosis of APP. Furthermore, we found that the APP CTFs were degraded, to a large extent, via the autophagosomal pathway and that the downregulation of SEPTIN5 enhanced autophagosomal activity in neuronal cells as indicated by altered levels of key autophagosomal markers. Collectively, our data suggest that the downregulation of SEPTIN5 increases the autophagy-mediated degradation of APP CTFs, leading to reduced levels of Aβ in neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Marttinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.M.); (K.M.A.P.); (M.T.); (T.N.); (P.M.); (L.L.); (K.R.)
| | - Catarina B. Ferreira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular—João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Kaisa M. A. Paldanius
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.M.); (K.M.A.P.); (M.T.); (T.N.); (P.M.); (L.L.); (K.R.)
| | - Mari Takalo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.M.); (K.M.A.P.); (M.T.); (T.N.); (P.M.); (L.L.); (K.R.)
| | - Teemu Natunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.M.); (K.M.A.P.); (M.T.); (T.N.); (P.M.); (L.L.); (K.R.)
| | - Petra Mäkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.M.); (K.M.A.P.); (M.T.); (T.N.); (P.M.); (L.L.); (K.R.)
| | - Luukas Leppänen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.M.); (K.M.A.P.); (M.T.); (T.N.); (P.M.); (L.L.); (K.R.)
| | - Ville Leinonen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine–Neurosurgery, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
- Neurology of Neuro Center Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kenji Tanigaki
- Research Institute, Shiga Medical Center, Shiga 524-8524, Japan;
| | - Gina Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 77030, USA; (G.K.); (N.H.)
| | - Noboru Hiroi
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 77030, USA; (G.K.); (N.H.)
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine–Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Kirsi Rilla
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.M.); (K.M.A.P.); (M.T.); (T.N.); (P.M.); (L.L.); (K.R.)
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- A.I Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (M.H.); Tel.: +358-40-355-2768 (A.H.); +358-40-355-2014 (M.H.)
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.M.); (K.M.A.P.); (M.T.); (T.N.); (P.M.); (L.L.); (K.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (M.H.); Tel.: +358-40-355-2768 (A.H.); +358-40-355-2014 (M.H.)
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9
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Zheng T, Yang Y, Castañeda CA. Structure, dynamics and functions of UBQLNs: at the crossroads of protein quality control machinery. Biochem J 2020; 477:3471-3497. [PMID: 32965492 PMCID: PMC7737201 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells rely on protein homeostasis to maintain proper biological functions. Dysregulation of protein homeostasis contributes to the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Ubiquilins (UBQLNs) are versatile proteins that engage with many components of protein quality control (PQC) machinery in cells. Disease-linked mutations of UBQLNs are most commonly associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and other neurodegenerative disorders. UBQLNs play well-established roles in PQC processes, including facilitating degradation of substrates through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), autophagy, and endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathways. In addition, UBQLNs engage with chaperones to sequester, degrade, or assist repair of misfolded client proteins. Furthermore, UBQLNs regulate DNA damage repair mechanisms, interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and engage with cytoskeletal elements to regulate cell differentiation and development. Important to the myriad functions of UBQLNs are its multidomain architecture and ability to self-associate. UBQLNs are linked to numerous types of cellular puncta, including stress-induced biomolecular condensates, autophagosomes, aggresomes, and aggregates. In this review, we focus on deciphering how UBQLNs function on a molecular level. We examine the properties of oligomerization-driven interactions among the structured and intrinsically disordered segments of UBQLNs. These interactions, together with the knowledge from studies of disease-linked mutations, provide significant insights to UBQLN structure, dynamics and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyin Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, U.S.A
| | - Yiran Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, U.S.A
| | - Carlos A. Castañeda
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, U.S.A
- Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, U.S.A
- Bioinspired Institute, and the Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, U.S.A
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10
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Kurlawala Z, Saurabh K, Dunaway R, Shah PP, Siskind LJ, Beverly LJ. Ubiquilin proteins regulate EGFR levels and activity in lung adenocarcinoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2020; 122:43-52. [PMID: 32720736 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquilin (UBQLN) proteins are involved in diverse cellular processes like endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation, autophagy, apoptosis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. UBQLNs interact with a variety of substrates, including cell surface receptors, transcription factor regulators, proteasomal machinery proteins, and transmembrane proteins. In addition, previous work from our lab shows that UBQLN1 interacts with insulin-like growth factor receptor family members (IGF1R, IGF2R, and INSR) and this interaction regulates the activity and proteostasis of IGFR family members. We wondered whether UBQLN proteins could also bind and regulate additional receptor tyrosine kinases. Thus, we investigated a link between UBQLN and the oncogene epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Loss of UBQLN1 occurs at high frequency in human lung cancer patient samples and we have shown that the loss of UBQLN1 is capable of altering processes involved in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Here, we present data that loss of UBQLN1 resulted in increased turnover of total EGFR while increasing the relative amount of phosphorylated EGFR in lung adenocarcinoma cells, especially in the presence of its ligand EGF. Furthermore, the loss of UBQLN1 led to a more invasive cell phenotype as manifested by increased proliferation, migration, and speed of movement of these lung adenocarcinoma cells. Taken together, UBQLN1 regulates the expression and stability of EGFR in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimple Kurlawala
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Kumar Saurabh
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Rain Dunaway
- School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Parag P Shah
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Leah J Siskind
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Levi J Beverly
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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11
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Klein HU, Schäfer M, Bennett DA, Schwender H, De Jager PL. Bayesian integrative analysis of epigenomic and transcriptomic data identifies Alzheimer's disease candidate genes and networks. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007771. [PMID: 32255787 PMCID: PMC7138305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomedical research studies have generated large multi-omic datasets to study complex diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). An important aim of these studies is the identification of candidate genes that demonstrate congruent disease-related alterations across the different data types measured by the study. We developed a new method to detect such candidate genes in large multi-omic case-control studies that measure multiple data types in the same set of samples. The method is based on a gene-centric integrative coefficient quantifying to what degree consistent differences are observed in the different data types. For statistical inference, a Bayesian hierarchical model is used to study the distribution of the integrative coefficient. The model employs a conditional autoregressive prior to integrate a functional gene network and to share information between genes known to be functionally related. We applied the method to an AD dataset consisting of histone acetylation, DNA methylation, and RNA transcription data from human cortical tissue samples of 233 subjects, and we detected 816 genes with consistent differences between persons with AD and controls. The findings were validated in protein data and in RNA transcription data from two independent AD studies. Finally, we found three subnetworks of jointly dysregulated genes within the functional gene network which capture three distinct biological processes: myeloid cell differentiation, protein phosphorylation and synaptic signaling. Further investigation of the myeloid network indicated an upregulation of this network in early stages of AD prior to accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau and suggested that increased CSF1 transcription in astrocytes may contribute to microglial activation in AD. Thus, we developed a method that integrates multiple data types and external knowledge of gene function to detect candidate genes, applied the method to an AD dataset, and identified several disease-related genes and processes demonstrating the usefulness of the integrative approach. Recent technological advances have led to a new generation of studies that interrogate multiple molecular levels in the same target tissue of a set of subjects, generating complex multi-omic datasets with which to study disease mechanism. These datasets of genetic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, and other data have the potential to reveal novel biological insights; however, integrative analyses remain challenging and require new computational methods. We developed an integrative Bayesian approach to detect genes with consistent differences between case and control samples across multiple data types. The method further integrates prior knowledge about gene function in the form of a gene functional similarity network to improve statistical inference by sharing information between related genes. We applied our method to an Alzheimer’s disease dataset of epigenomic and transcriptomic data and detected and then validated several novel and known candidate genes as well as three major disease-related biological processes. One of these processes reflected microglial activation and included the cytokine CSF1. Single-nucleus data revealed that CSF1 was primarily upregulated in astrocytes, implicating the involvement of this cell type in microglial activation. Hence, we demonstrated that integrative analysis approaches to multi-omic datasets can improve candidate gene detection and thereby generate new insights into complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Ulrich Klein
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Martin Schäfer
- Mathematical Institute, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Holger Schwender
- Mathematical Institute, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philip L. De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
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12
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Uddin MS, Kabir MT. Emerging Signal Regulating Potential of Genistein Against Alzheimer's Disease: A Promising Molecule of Interest. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:197. [PMID: 31620438 PMCID: PMC6763641 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, irreversible brain disorder characterized by pathological aggregation of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and tau protein; both of these are toxic to neurons. Currently, natural products are regarded as an alternative approach to discover novel multipotent drugs against AD. Dietary soy isoflavone genistein is one of the examples of such agents that occurs naturally and is known to exert a number of beneficial health effects. It has been observed that genistein has the capacity to improve the impairments triggered by Aβ and also it possesses the antioxidant potential to scavenge the AD-mediated generation of free radicals. Furthermore, genistein can interact directly with the targeted signaling proteins and also can stabilize their activity to combat AD. In order to advance the development of AD treatment, a better comprehension of the direct interactions of target proteins and genistein might prove beneficial. Therefore, this article focuses on the therapeutic effects and molecular targets of genistein, which has been found to target directly the Aβ and tau to control the intracellular signaling pathways responsible for neurons death in the AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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13
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Non-Proteasomal UbL-UbA Family of Proteins in Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081893. [PMID: 30999567 PMCID: PMC6514573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-like/ubiquitin-associated proteins (UbL-UbA) are a well-studied family of non-proteasomal ubiquitin receptors that are evolutionarily conserved across species. Members of this non-homogenous family facilitate and support proteasomal activity by promoting different effects on proteostasis but exhibit diverse extra-proteasomal activities. Dysfunctional UbL-UbA proteins render cells, particularly neurons, more susceptible to stressors or aging and may cause earlier neurodegeneration. In this review, we summarized the properties and functions of UbL-UbA family members identified to date, with an emphasis on new findings obtained using Drosophila models showing a direct or indirect role in some neurodegenerative diseases.
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14
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Leskelä S, Takalo M, Marttinen M, Huber N, Paananen J, Mitra V, Rauramaa T, Mäkinen P, Leinonen V, Soininen H, Pike I, Remes AM, Hiltunen M, Haapasalo A. Interrelationship between the Levels of C9orf72 and Amyloid-β Protein Precursor and Amyloid-β in Human Cells and Brain Samples. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 62:269-278. [PMID: 29439323 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A subset of C9orf72 repeat expansion-carrying frontotemporal dementia patients display an Alzheimer-like decrease in cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β (Aβ) biomarker levels. We report that downregulation of C9orf72 in non-neuronal human cells overexpressing amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) resulted in increased levels of secreted AβPP fragments and Aβ, while levels of AβPP or its C-terminal fragments (CTFs) remained unchanged. In neuronal cells, AβPP and C83 CTF levels were decreased upon C9orf72 knockdown, but those of secreted AβPP fragments or Aβ remained unchanged. C9orf72 protein levels significantly increased in human brain with advancing neurofibrillary pathology and positively correlated with brain Aβ42 levels. Our data suggest that altered C9orf72 levels may lead to cell-type specific alterations in AβPP processing, but warrant further studies to clarify the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stina Leskelä
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mari Takalo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikael Marttinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nadine Huber
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vikram Mitra
- Proteome Sciences plc, Coveham House, Cobham, Surrey, UK
| | - Tuomas Rauramaa
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petra Mäkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ville Leinonen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,NeuroCenter, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ian Pike
- Proteome Sciences plc, Coveham House, Cobham, Surrey, UK
| | - Anne M Remes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,NeuroCenter, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,NeuroCenter, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,NeuroCenter, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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15
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Wezyk M, Szybinska A, Wojsiat J, Szczerba M, Day K, Ronnholm H, Kele M, Berdynski M, Peplonska B, Fichna JP, Ilkowski J, Styczynska M, Barczak A, Zboch M, Filipek-Gliszczynska A, Bojakowski K, Skrzypczak M, Ginalski K, Kabza M, Makalowska I, Barcikowska-Kotowicz M, Wojda U, Falk A, Zekanowski C. Overactive BRCA1 Affects Presenilin 1 in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neurons in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 62:175-202. [PMID: 29439343 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The BRCA1 protein, one of the major players responsible for DNA damage response has recently been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using primary fibroblasts and neurons reprogrammed from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from familial AD (FAD) patients, we studied the role of the BRCA1 protein underlying molecular neurodegeneration. By whole-transcriptome approach, we have found wide range of disturbances in cell cycle and DNA damage response in FAD fibroblasts. This was manifested by significantly increased content of BRCA1 phosphorylated on Ser1524 and abnormal ubiquitination and subcellular distribution of presenilin 1 (PS1). Accordingly, the iPSC-derived FAD neurons showed increased content of BRCA1(Ser1524) colocalized with degraded PS1, accompanied by an enhanced immunostaining pattern of amyloid-β. Finally, overactivation of BRCA1 was followed by an increased content of Cdc25C phosphorylated on Ser216, likely triggering cell cycle re-entry in FAD neurons. This study suggests that overactivated BRCA1 could both influence PS1 turnover leading to amyloid-β pathology and promote cell cycle re-entry-driven cell death of postmitotic neurons in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Wezyk
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szybinska
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wojsiat
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcelina Szczerba
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kelly Day
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Harriet Ronnholm
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Kele
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mariusz Berdynski
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umea Universitet, Umea, Sweden
| | - Beata Peplonska
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Piotr Fichna
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Ilkowski
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Styczynska
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Barczak
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Zboch
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease of Wroclaw Medical University, Scinawa, Poland
| | - Anna Filipek-Gliszczynska
- Clinical Department of Neurology, Extrapyramidal Disorders and Alzheimer's Outpatient Clinic, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Bojakowski
- Clinical Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skrzypczak
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Ginalski
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Kabza
- Department of Integrated Genomics, Institute of Anthropology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Izabela Makalowska
- Department of Integrated Genomics, Institute of Anthropology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Barcikowska-Kotowicz
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Wojda
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Falk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cezary Zekanowski
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Kama R, Gabriely G, Kanneganti V, Gerst JE. Cdc48 and ubiquilins confer selective anterograde protein sorting and entry into the multivesicular body in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:948-963. [PMID: 29444958 PMCID: PMC5896933 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-11-0652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cdc48/p97 and the ubiquilin family of UBA-UBL proteins are known for their role in the retrotranslocation of damaged proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. We demonstrate that Cdc48 and the ubiquilin-like proteins in yeast also play a role in the anterograde trafficking of proteins, in this case the vacuolar protease, Cps1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kama
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Galina Gabriely
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Vydehi Kanneganti
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Jeffrey E. Gerst
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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17
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Adegoke OO, Qiao F, Liu Y, Longley K, Feng S, Wang H. Overexpression of Ubiquilin-1 Alleviates Alzheimer's Disease-Caused Cognitive and Motor Deficits and Reduces Amyloid-β Accumulation in Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 59:575-590. [PMID: 28598849 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquilin-1 (Ubqln1) is a ubiquitin-like protein that has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether Ubqln1 modulates learning and memory and alters AD-like behavior and/or pathology has not been determined in animal models. To understand the function of Ubqln1 in vivo, we previously generated Ubqln1 transgenic (TG) mice that overexpress mouse Ubqln1. With the model, we here characterized the TG mouse cognitive behaviors and found that Ubqln1 TG mice showed better spatial learning and memory capabilities than their wild-type littermates in both radial arm water maze and Y-maze tests. Additionally, we crossed the Ubqln1 TG mice with the AβPPswe/PSEN1dE9 double transgenic AD mouse to generate the AD/Ubqln1 triple TG (AD/TG) mice. Our results suggest that at 12 months of age following the onset of AD, AD/TG mice showed better spatial learning and memory than AD mice. AD/TG mice also exhibited better motor function than AD mice at the same age. Furthermore, compared to AD mice, AD/TG mice showed significant reduction in amyloid-β 40 (Aβ40) and Aβ42 levels in the cerebral cortex and in the hippocampus at the post-onset stage. The number of Aβ plaques was significantly decreased in the cerebral cortex of AD/TG mice at this post-onset stage. Moreover, mature AβPP level in AD/TG hippocampus was lower than that in AD hippocampus. These data not only provide a direct link between overexpression of Ubqln1 and altered learning and memory, but also raise the possibility that Ubqln1 is a potential therapeutic target for treating AD and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oludotun O Adegoke
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Fangfang Qiao
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Yanying Liu
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Kirsty Longley
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Shelley Feng
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Hongmin Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
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18
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Early Presymptomatic Changes in the Proteome of Mitochondria-Associated Membrane in the APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7839-7857. [PMID: 29468564 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Recently, it has been uncovered that presenilins (PSs), the key components of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and the β-amyloid producing γ-secretase complex, are highly enriched in a special sub-compartment of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functionally connected to mitochondria, called mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM). A current hypothesis of pathogenesis of Alzheimer's diseases (AD) suggests that MAM is involved in the initial phase of AD. Since MAM supplies mitochondria with essential proteins, the increasing level of PSs and β-amyloid could lead to metabolic dysfunction because of the impairment of ER-mitochondrion crosstalk. To reveal the early molecular changes of this subcellular compartment in AD development MAM fraction was isolated from the cerebral cortex of 3 months old APP/PS1 mouse model of AD and age-matched C57BL/6 control mice, then mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteome analysis was performed. The enrichment and purity of MAM preparations were validated with EM, LC-MS/MS and protein enrichment analysis. Label-free LC-MS/MS was used to reveal the differences between the proteome of the transgenic and control mice. We obtained 77 increased and 49 decreased protein level changes in the range of - 6.365 to + 2.988, which have mitochondrial, ER or ribosomal localization according to Gene Ontology database. The highest degree of difference between the two groups was shown by the ATP-binding cassette G1 (Abcg1) which plays a crucial role in cholesterol metabolism and suppresses Aβ accumulation. Most of the other protein changes were associated with increased protein synthesis, endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD), oxidative stress response, decreased mitochondrial protein transport and ATP production. The interaction network analysis revealed a strong relationship between the detected MAM protein changes and AD. Moreover, it explored several MAM proteins with hub position suggesting their importance in Aβ induced early MAM dysregulation. Our identified MAM protein changes precede the onset of dementia-like symptoms in the APP/PS1 model, suggesting their importance in the development of AD.
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19
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Ji XR, Cheng KC, Chen YR, Lin TY, Cheung CHA, Wu CL, Chiang HC. Dysfunction of different cellular degradation pathways contributes to specific β-amyloid42-induced pathologies. FASEB J 2018; 32:1375-1387. [PMID: 29127191 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700199rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The endosomal-lysosomal system (ELS), autophagy, and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) are cellular degradation pathways that each play a critical role in the removal of misfolded proteins and the prevention of the accumulation of abnormal proteins. Recent studies on Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis have suggested that accumulation of aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides in the AD brain results from a dysfunction in these cellular clearance systems. However, the specific roles of these pathways in the removal of Aβ peptides and the pathogenesis underlying AD are unclear. Our in vitro and in vivo genetic approaches revealed that ELS mainly removed monomeric β-amyloid42 (Aβ42), while autophagy and UPS clear oligomeric Aβ42. Although overproduction of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate-5 increased Aβ42 clearance, it reduced the life span of Aβ42 transgenic flies. Our behavioral studies further demonstrated impaired autophagy and UPS-enhanced Aβ42-induced learning and memory deficits, but there was no effect on Aβ42-induced reduction in life span. Results from genetic fluorescence imaging showed that these pathways were damaged in the following order: UPS, autophagy, and finally ELS. The results of our study demonstrate that different degradation pathways play distinct roles in the removal of Aβ42 aggregates and in disease progression. These findings also suggest that pharmacologic treatments that are designed to stimulate cellular degradation pathways in patients with AD should be used with caution.-Ji, X.-R., Cheng, K.-C., Chen, Y.-R., Lin, T.-Y., Cheung, C. H. A., Wu, C.-L., Chiang, H.-C. Dysfunction of different cellular degradation pathways contributes to specific β-amyloid42-induced pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Ru Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chung Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and
| | - Yu-Ru Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun Hei Antonio Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and
| | - Chia-Lin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Cheng Chiang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and
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20
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Pariyar R, Yoon CS, Svay T, Kim DS, Cho HK, Kim SY, Oh H, Kim YC, Kim J, Lee HS, Seo J. Vitis labruscana leaf extract ameliorates scopolamine-induced impairments with activation of Akt, ERK and CREB in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 36:8-17. [PMID: 29157831 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grapes are among the most widely consumed plants and are used as a folk medicine. Vitis species have been traditionally used as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and memory-enhancing agents, but, their biological activities of discarded grape leaves are not completely understood. PURPOSE We investigated the effects of alcoholic aqueous leaf extract of Vitis labruscana (LEVL) in a mouse model of memory impairment and tried to ascertain its mechanism. We also evaluated its effects in SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS LEVL (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) was administered to ICR mice once daily for 7 days. Memory impairment was induced with intraperitoneal scopolamine injections (1 mg/kg) and measured with the Y-maze test and a passive avoidance task. LEVL-induced signaling was evaluated in SH-SY5Y cells and mouse hippocampi. RESULTS We first identified quercetin-3-O-glucuronide as LEVL's major component. We then showed that LEVL promoted phosphorylation of Akt, extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), and cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells. Oral LEVL administration (100 mg/kg) for 7 days significantly reversed scopolamine-induced reductions of spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test and scopolamine-induced shortening of latency times in the passive avoidance task's retention trial. Consistent with the cell experiment results, LEVL restored scopolamine-decreased phosphorylation of Akt, ERK, and CREB and scopolamine-reduced expression of brain-derived neuroprotective factor expression in mouse hippocampi. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that LEVL promotes phosphorylation of Akt, ERK, and CREB in the hippocampus and ameliorates scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pariyar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Su Yoon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; Standardized Material Bank for New Botanical Drugs, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Thida Svay
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sung Kim
- Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Jeonju, 561-841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Kwon Cho
- Hanpoong Pharm & Foods Co., Ltd., Jeonju, 561-841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yeon Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Oh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; Standardized Material Bank for New Botanical Drugs, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; Standardized Material Bank for New Botanical Drugs, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyo Kim
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang Universit, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Sub Lee
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang Universit, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Seo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea; Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Oksanen M, Petersen AJ, Naumenko N, Puttonen K, Lehtonen Š, Gubert Olivé M, Shakirzyanova A, Leskelä S, Sarajärvi T, Viitanen M, Rinne JO, Hiltunen M, Haapasalo A, Giniatullin R, Tavi P, Zhang SC, Kanninen KM, Hämäläinen RH, Koistinaho J. PSEN1 Mutant iPSC-Derived Model Reveals Severe Astrocyte Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:1885-1897. [PMID: 29153989 PMCID: PMC5785689 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of cognitive impairment. Due to insufficient understanding of the disease mechanisms, there are no efficient therapies for AD. Most studies have focused on neuronal cells, but astrocytes have also been suggested to contribute to AD pathology. We describe here the generation of functional astrocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from AD patients with PSEN1 ΔE9 mutation, as well as healthy and gene-corrected isogenic controls. AD astrocytes manifest hallmarks of disease pathology, including increased β-amyloid production, altered cytokine release, and dysregulated Ca2+ homeostasis. Furthermore, due to altered metabolism, AD astrocytes show increased oxidative stress and reduced lactate secretion, as well as compromised neuronal supportive function, as evidenced by altering Ca2+ transients in healthy neurons. Our results reveal an important role for astrocytes in AD pathology and highlight the strength of iPSC-derived models for brain diseases. PSEN1 mutant AD astrocytes manifest hallmarks of AD pathology Altered mitochondrial metabolism in AD astrocytes increases oxidative stress AD astrocytes reduce the calcium signaling activity of healthy neurons Astrocytes are important in the pathogenesis of AD
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Oksanen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Nikolay Naumenko
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katja Puttonen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Šárka Lehtonen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Max Gubert Olivé
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anastasia Shakirzyanova
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Stina Leskelä
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Sarajärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Viitanen
- Department of Geriatrics, University of Turku, Turku City Hospital, 20700 Turku, Finland; Department of Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juha O Rinne
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20700 Turku, Finland; Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, 20700 Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rashid Giniatullin
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Su-Chun Zhang
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riikka H Hämäläinen
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
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22
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Wang X, Zhang F, Cui Y, Zheng L, Wei Y. Association between ACE gene polymorphisms and Alzheimer's disease in Han population in Hebei Peninsula. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:10134-10139. [PMID: 31966905 PMCID: PMC6965948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to detect the association between angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs1800764) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Han population in Hebei Peninsular. METHODS We recruited 113 AD patients and 142 healthy individuals in this case-control study. Differences of genotypes, alleles and haplotypes in two groups were analyzed by chi-square test. Besides, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to represent the relative risk of AD. At last, the analyses of linkage disequilibrium and haplotypes were done with HaploView software. RESULTS In the analyses of genotypes and alleles of ACE polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs1800764) in AD, no obvious association was found between genotypes and alleles of rs4343 with the susceptibility of AD. In rs1800764 polymorphism, only C allele had significant association with AD susceptibility (P=0.035, OR=1.473, 95% CI=1.027-2.111), which suggested that rs1800764 C allele is the susceptible allele of AD. Linkage disequilibrium analysis between rs4343 and rs1800764 polymorphisms indicated there existed 3 haplotypes (A-T, A-C and G-C). A-C haplotype might associate with the susceptibility of AD (P=0.023, OR=2.591, 95% CI=1.111-6.043). CONCLUSION Rs4343 polymorphism of ACE gene had no relationship with AD risk. C allele of rs1800764 could increase the susceptibility of AD. A-C haplotype of rs4343 and rs1800764 polymorphisms might increase the risk of AD, and the ORs was 2.591.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Second Department of Neurology, Harrison International Heping HospitalHengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Fengchun Zhang
- Second Department of Neurology, Harrison International Heping HospitalHengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Yongjian Cui
- Second Department of Neurology, Harrison International Heping HospitalHengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Central Laboratory of Harrison International Heping HospitalHengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Second Department of Neurology, Harrison International Heping HospitalHengshui 053000, Hebei, China
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23
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Fessel WJ. Concordance of Several Subcellular Interactions Initiates Alzheimer's Dementia: Their Reversal Requires Combination Treatment. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2017; 32:166-181. [PMID: 28423937 PMCID: PMC10852791 DOI: 10.1177/1533317517698790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease involves multiple pathways that, at the macrolevel, include decreased proliferation plus increased loss affecting neurons, astrocytes, and capillaries and, at the subcellular level, involve several elements: amyloid/amyloid precursor protein, presenilins, the unfolded protein response, the ubiquitin/proteasome system, the Wnt/catenin system, the Notch signaling system, mitochondria, mitophagy, calcium, and tau. Data presented show the intimate, anatomical interactions between neurons, astrocytes, and capillaries; the interactions between the several subcellular factors affecting those cells; and the treatments that are currently available and that might correct dysfunctions in the subcellular factors. Available treatments include lithium, valproate, pioglitazone, erythropoietin, and prazosin. Since the subcellular pathogenesis involves multiple interacting elements, combination treatment would be more effective than administration of a single drug directed at only 1 element. The overall purpose of this presentation is to describe the pathogenesis in detail and to explain the proposed treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. J. Fessel
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, San Francisco, CA, USA
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24
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Qiao F, Longley KR, Feng S, Schnack S, Gao H, Li Y, Schlenker EH, Wang H. Reduced body weight gain in ubiquilin-1 transgenic mice is associated with increased expression of energy-sensing proteins. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:e13260. [PMID: 28420763 PMCID: PMC5408289 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquilin-1 (Ubqln1), a ubiquitin-like protein, is implicated in a variety of pathophysiological processes, but its role in mediating body weight gain or metabolism has not been determined. Here, we demonstrate that global overexpression of Ubqln1 in a transgenic (Tg) mouse reduces the animal's body weight gain. The decreased body weight gain in Tg mice is associated with lower visceral fat content and higher metabolic rate. The Ubqln1 Tg mice exhibited reduced leptin and insulin levels as well as increased insulin sensitivity manifested by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Additionally, the reduced body weight in Tg mice was associated with the upregulation of two energy-sensing proteins, sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in the hypothalamus and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the skeletal muscle. Consistent with the in vivo results, overexpression of Ubqln1 significantly increased SIRT1 and AMPK levels in the mouse embryonic fibroblast cell culture. Thus, our results not only establish the link between Ubqln1 and body weight regulation but also indicate that the metabolic function of Ubqln1 on body weight may be through regulating energy-sensing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Qiao
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Kirsty R Longley
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Shelley Feng
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Sabrina Schnack
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Hongbo Gao
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Yifan Li
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Evelyn H Schlenker
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
| | - Hongmin Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences and Center for Brain and Behavior Research, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota
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25
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Ayyadevara S, Balasubramaniam M, Parcon PA, Barger SW, Griffin WST, Alla R, Tackett AJ, Mackintosh SG, Petricoin E, Zhou W, Shmookler Reis RJ. Proteins that mediate protein aggregation and cytotoxicity distinguish Alzheimer's hippocampus from normal controls. Aging Cell 2016; 15:924-39. [PMID: 27448508 PMCID: PMC5013017 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are distinguished by characteristic protein aggregates initiated by disease‐specific ‘seed’ proteins; however, roles of other co‐aggregated proteins remain largely unexplored. Compact hippocampal aggregates were purified from Alzheimer's and control‐subject pools using magnetic‐bead immunoaffinity pulldowns. Their components were fractionated by electrophoretic mobility and analyzed by high‐resolution proteomics. Although total detergent‐insoluble aggregates from Alzheimer's and controls had similar protein content, within the fractions isolated by tau or Aβ1–42 pulldown, the protein constituents of Alzheimer‐derived aggregates were more abundant, diverse, and post‐translationally modified than those from controls. Tau‐ and Aβ‐containing aggregates were distinguished by multiple components, and yet shared >90% of their protein constituents, implying similar accretion mechanisms. Alzheimer‐specific protein enrichment in tau‐containing aggregates was corroborated for individuals by three analyses. Five proteins inferred to co‐aggregate with tau were confirmed by precise in situ methods, including proximity ligation amplification that requires co‐localization within 40 nm. Nematode orthologs of 21 proteins, which showed Alzheimer‐specific enrichment in tau‐containing aggregates, were assessed for aggregation‐promoting roles in C. elegans by RNA‐interference ‘knockdown’. Fifteen knockdowns (71%) rescued paralysis of worms expressing muscle Aβ, and 12 (57%) rescued chemotaxis disrupted by neuronal Aβ expression. Proteins identified in compact human aggregates, bound by antibody to total tau, were thus shown to play causal roles in aggregation based on nematode models triggered by Aβ1–42. These observations imply shared mechanisms driving both types of aggregation, and/or aggregate‐mediated cross‐talk between tau and Aβ. Knowledge of protein components that promote protein accrual in diverse aggregate types implicates common mechanisms and identifies novel targets for drug intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Ayyadevara
- McClellan Veterans Medical Center Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare Service Little Rock AR 72205 USA
- Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
| | - Meenakshisundaram Balasubramaniam
- Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
- BioInformatics Program University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and University of Arkansas at Little Rock Little Rock AR 72205 USA
| | - Paul A. Parcon
- Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
| | - Steven W. Barger
- McClellan Veterans Medical Center Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare Service Little Rock AR 72205 USA
- Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
| | - W. Sue T. Griffin
- McClellan Veterans Medical Center Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare Service Little Rock AR 72205 USA
- Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
| | - Ramani Alla
- McClellan Veterans Medical Center Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare Service Little Rock AR 72205 USA
- Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
| | - Alan J. Tackett
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
| | - Samuel G. Mackintosh
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
| | - Emanuel Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine George Mason University Manassas VA 20110 USA
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine George Mason University Manassas VA 20110 USA
| | - Robert J. Shmookler Reis
- McClellan Veterans Medical Center Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare Service Little Rock AR 72205 USA
- Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 USA
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26
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Grice GL, Nathan JA. The recognition of ubiquitinated proteins by the proteasome. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3497-506. [PMID: 27137187 PMCID: PMC4980412 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ability of ubiquitin to form up to eight different polyubiquitin chain linkages generates complexity within the ubiquitin proteasome system, and accounts for the diverse roles of ubiquitination within the cell. Understanding how each type of ubiquitin linkage is correctly interpreted by ubiquitin binding proteins provides important insights into the link between chain recognition and cellular fate. A major function of ubiquitination is to signal degradation of intracellular proteins by the 26S proteasome. Lysine-48 (K48) linked polyubiquitin chains are well established as the canonical signal for proteasomal degradation, but recent studies show a role for other ubiquitin linked chains in facilitating degradation by the 26S proteasome. Here, we review how different types of polyubiquitin linkage bind to ubiquitin receptors on the 26S proteasome, how they signal degradation and discuss the implications of ubiquitin chain linkage in regulating protein breakdown by the proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guinevere L Grice
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - James A Nathan
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
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27
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Vora SM, Phillips BT. The benefits of local depletion: The centrosome as a scaffold for ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2124-2134. [PMID: 27294844 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1196306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is the major microtubule-organizing center in animal cells but is dispensable for proper microtubule spindle formation in many biological contexts and is thus thought to fulfill additional functions. Recent observations suggest that the centrosome acts as a scaffold for proteasomal degradation in the cell to regulate a variety of biological processes including cell fate acquisition, cell cycle control, stress response, and cell morphogenesis. Here, we review the body of studies indicating a role for the centrosome in promoting proteasomal degradation of ubiquitin-proteasome substrates and explore the functional relevance of this system in different biological contexts. We discuss a potential role for the centrosome in coordinating local degradation of proteasomal substrates, allowing cells to achieve stringent spatiotemporal control over various signaling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setu M Vora
- a Department of Biological Sciences, University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
| | - Bryan T Phillips
- a Department of Biological Sciences, University of Iowa , Iowa City , IA , USA
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28
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Kurkinen KMA, Marttinen M, Turner L, Natunen T, Mäkinen P, Haapalinna F, Sarajärvi T, Gabbouj S, Kurki M, Paananen J, Koivisto AM, Rauramaa T, Leinonen V, Tanila H, Soininen H, Lucas FR, Haapasalo A, Hiltunen M. SEPT8 modulates β-amyloidogenic processing of APP by affecting the sorting and accumulation of BACE1. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:2224-38. [PMID: 27084579 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.185215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction and loss of synapses are early pathogenic events in Alzheimer's disease. A central step in the generation of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides is the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE1). Here, we have elucidated whether downregulation of septin (SEPT) protein family members, which are implicated in synaptic plasticity and vesicular trafficking, affects APP processing and Aβ generation. SEPT8 was found to reduce soluble APPβ and Aβ levels in neuronal cells through a post-translational mechanism leading to decreased levels of BACE1 protein. In the human temporal cortex, we identified alterations in the expression of specific SEPT8 transcript variants in a manner that correlated with Alzheimer's-disease-related neurofibrillary pathology. These changes were associated with altered β-secretase activity. We also discovered that the overexpression of a specific Alzheimer's-disease-associated SEPT8 transcript variant increased the levels of BACE1 and Aβ peptides in neuronal cells. These changes were related to an increased half-life of BACE1 and the localization of BACE1 in recycling endosomes. These data suggest that SEPT8 modulates β-amyloidogenic processing of APP through a mechanism affecting the intracellular sorting and accumulation of BACE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa M A Kurkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikael Marttinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Turner
- Eisai Ltd., Bernard Katz Building, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Teemu Natunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petra Mäkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fanni Haapalinna
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Sarajärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sami Gabbouj
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mitja Kurki
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne M Koivisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomas Rauramaa
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ville Leinonen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Tanila
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen, Institute for Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fiona R Lucas
- Eisai Ltd., Bernard Katz Building, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen, Institute for Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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29
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Gong B, Radulovic M, Figueiredo-Pereira ME, Cardozo C. The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer's Disease and Spinal Cord Injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:4. [PMID: 26858599 PMCID: PMC4727241 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a crucial protein degradation system in eukaryotes. Herein, we will review advances in the understanding of the role of several proteins of the UPS in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). The UPS consists of many factors that include E3 ubiquitin ligases, ubiquitin hydrolases, ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like molecules, and the proteasome itself. An extensive body of work links UPS dysfunction with AD pathogenesis and progression. More recently, the UPS has been shown to have vital roles in recovery of function after SCI. The ubiquitin hydrolase (Uch-L1) has been proposed to increase cellular levels of mono-ubiquitin and hence to increase rates of protein turnover by the UPS. A low Uch-L1 level has been linked with Aβ accumulation in AD and reduced neuroregeneration after SCI. One likely mechanism for these beneficial effects of Uch-L1 is reduced turnover of the PKA regulatory subunit and consequently, reduced signaling via CREB. The neuron-specific F-box protein Fbx2 ubiquitinates β-secretase thus targeting it for proteasomal degradation and reducing generation of Aβ. Both Uch-L1 and Fbx2 improve synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in mouse AD models. The role of Fbx2 after SCI has not been examined, but abolishing ß-secretase reduces neuronal recovery after SCI, associated with reduced myelination. UBB+1, which arises through a frame-shift mutation in the ubiquitin gene that adds 19 amino acids to the C-terminus of ubiquitin, inhibits proteasomal function and is associated with increased neurofibrillary tangles in patients with AD, Pick’s disease and Down’s syndrome. These advances in understanding of the roles of the UPS in AD and SCI raise new questions but, also, identify attractive and exciting targets for potential, future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Gong
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of MedicineNew York, NY, USA; Medicine, James J. Peters Veteran Affairs Medical CenterBronx, NY, USA
| | - Miroslav Radulovic
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of MedicineNew York, NY, USA; Medicine, James J. Peters Veteran Affairs Medical CenterBronx, NY, USA; National Center of Excellence for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Maria E Figueiredo-Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, and the Graduate School and University Center, The City University of New York New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Cardozo
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of MedicineNew York, NY, USA; Medicine, James J. Peters Veteran Affairs Medical CenterBronx, NY, USA; National Center of Excellence for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)Bronx, NY, USA
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30
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Natunen T, Takalo M, Kemppainen S, Leskelä S, Marttinen M, Kurkinen KMA, Pursiheimo JP, Sarajärvi T, Viswanathan J, Gabbouj S, Solje E, Tahvanainen E, Pirttimäki T, Kurki M, Paananen J, Rauramaa T, Miettinen P, Mäkinen P, Leinonen V, Soininen H, Airenne K, Tanzi RE, Tanila H, Haapasalo A, Hiltunen M. Relationship between ubiquilin-1 and BACE1 in human Alzheimer's disease and APdE9 transgenic mouse brain and cell-based models. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 85:187-205. [PMID: 26563932 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau in the brain are central events underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Aβ is generated from amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and γ-secretase-mediated cleavages. Ubiquilin-1, a ubiquitin-like protein, genetically associates with AD and affects APP trafficking, processing and degradation. Here, we have investigated ubiquilin-1 expression in human brain in relation to AD-related neurofibrillary pathology and the effects of ubiquilin-1 overexpression on BACE1, tau, neuroinflammation, and neuronal viability in vitro in co-cultures of mouse embryonic primary cortical neurons and microglial cells under acute neuroinflammation as well as neuronal cell lines, and in vivo in the brain of APdE9 transgenic mice at the early phase of the development of Aβ pathology. Ubiquilin-1 expression was decreased in human temporal cortex in relation to the early stages of AD-related neurofibrillary pathology (Braak stages 0-II vs. III-IV). There was a trend towards a positive correlation between ubiquilin-1 and BACE1 protein levels. Consistent with this, ubiquilin-1 overexpression in the neuron-microglia co-cultures with or without the induction of neuroinflammation resulted in a significant increase in endogenously expressed BACE1 levels. Sustained ubiquilin-1 overexpression in the brain of APdE9 mice resulted in a moderate, but insignificant increase in endogenous BACE1 levels and activity, coinciding with increased levels of soluble Aβ40 and Aβ42. BACE1 levels were also significantly increased in neuronal cells co-overexpressing ubiquilin-1 and BACE1. Ubiquilin-1 overexpression led to the stabilization of BACE1 protein levels, potentially through a mechanism involving decreased degradation in the lysosomal compartment. Ubiquilin-1 overexpression did not significantly affect the neuroinflammation response, but decreased neuronal viability in the neuron-microglia co-cultures under neuroinflammation. Taken together, these results suggest that ubiquilin-1 may mechanistically participate in AD molecular pathogenesis by affecting BACE1 and thereby APP processing and Aβ accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teemu Natunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mari Takalo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susanna Kemppainen
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Stina Leskelä
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikael Marttinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaisa M A Kurkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha-Pekka Pursiheimo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Turku, Finland
| | - Timo Sarajärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jayashree Viswanathan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sami Gabbouj
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eino Solje
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eveliina Tahvanainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tiina Pirttimäki
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mitja Kurki
- Neurosurgery sIA Group, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomas Rauramaa
- Department of Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Clinical Medicine - Pathology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Miettinen
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petra Mäkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ville Leinonen
- Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Neurosurgery of NeuroCenter, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kari Airenne
- The Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, United States; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, United States
| | - Heikki Tanila
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
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31
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Duggan SP, McCarthy JV. Beyond γ-secretase activity: The multifunctional nature of presenilins in cell signalling pathways. Cell Signal 2015; 28:1-11. [PMID: 26498858 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The presenilins are the catalytic subunit of the membrane-embedded tetrameric γ-secretase protease complexes. More that 90 transmembrane proteins have been reported to be γ-secretase substrates, including the widely studied amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the Notch receptor, which are precursors for the generation of amyloid-β peptides and biologically active APP intracellular domain (AICD) and Notch intracellular domain (NICD). The diversity of γ-secretase substrates highlights the importance of presenilin-dependent γ-secretase protease activities as a regulatory mechanism in a range of biological systems. However, there is also a growing body of evidence that supports the existence of γ-secretase-independent functions for the presenilins in the regulation and progression of an array of cell signalling pathways. In this review, we will present an overview of current literature that proposes evolutionarily conserved presenilin functions outside of the γ-secretase complex, with a focus on the suggested role of the presenilins in the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling, protein trafficking and degradation, calcium homeostasis and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Duggan
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, ABCRF, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Justin V McCarthy
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, ABCRF, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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32
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Zeng L, Wang B, Merillat SA, Minakawa EN, Perkins MD, Ramani B, Tallaksen-Greene SJ, Costa MDC, Albin RL, Paulson HL. Differential recruitment of UBQLN2 to nuclear inclusions in the polyglutamine diseases HD and SCA3. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 82:281-288. [PMID: 26141599 PMCID: PMC4642276 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of mutant polyglutamine proteins in intraneuronal inclusions is a hallmark of polyglutamine diseases. Impairment of protein clearance systems and sequestration of clearance-related proteins into inclusions occur in many protein folding diseases, including polyglutamine diseases. The ubiquitin-binding and proteasome adaptor protein UBQLN2 participates in protein homeostasis and localizes to inclusions in various neurodegenerative diseases. Employing mouse models and human brain tissue of Huntington's disease (HD) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), we show that UBQLN2 is selectively recruited to inclusions in HD but not SCA3. Consistent with this result, in a cell-based system mutant HTT interacts with UBQLN2 through the UBA domain while the SCA3 disease protein ATXN3, a deubiquitinating enzyme, does not interact with UBQLN2. Differential recruitment of UBQLN2 to aggregates in HD and SCA3 underscores the heterogeneity of inclusions in polyglutamine diseases and suggests that components of neuronal protein quality control may be differentially perturbed in distinct polyQ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sean A Merillat
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eiko N Minakawa
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Roger L Albin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, VAAAHS, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Henry L Paulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Zhang FF, Li J. Inhibitory effect of chloroquine derivatives on presenilin 1 and ubiquilin 1 expression in Alzheimer's disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:7640-7643. [PMID: 26261684 PMCID: PMC4526018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the common cause of dementia characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β produced by breakage of amyloid-β precursor protein (APP). The present study was designed to synthesize and investigate the effect of chloroquine derivatives on the expression of presenilin. Among the five chloroquine derivatives (D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5) synthesized, D5 with diisopropyl substitution was found to be most effect. The results from western blot analysis showed the inhibition of presenilin 1 protein expression on treatment with chloroquine derivative D5 in Daudi cells. The results were also confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). It was observed that chloroquine derivative D5 downregulates presenilin expression via the inhibition of ubiquilin 1 expression. Thus our study demonstrates that chloroquine derivative D5 treatment can have preventive against Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Central Hospital Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Central Hospital Xinxiang 453000, China
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34
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Safren N, Chang L, Dziki KM, Monteiro MJ. Signature changes in ubiquilin expression in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease. Brain Res 2015; 1597:37-46. [PMID: 25511991 PMCID: PMC4340744 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquilin proteins have been implicated in the cause and the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. In the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease (HD), ubiquilin levels decline during disease progression. Restoration of their levels by transgenic expression of ubiquilin-1 extends survival. Here we provide a comprehensive assessment of the expression and localization of all four ubiquilin proteins in both normal and R6/2-affected mice brains, using antibodies specific for each protein. Ubiquilin-1, 2 and 4 proteins were detected throughout the brain, with increased expression seen in the hippocampus and cerebellum. Ubiquilin-3 expression was not detected. All three ubiquilins expressed in the brain were found in Htt inclusions. Their expression changed during development and disease. Ubiquilin-1 and ubiquilin-2 protein levels decreased from 6 to 18 weeks of mouse development, independent of disease. Ubiquilin-1 and ubiquilin-4 protein levels also changed during HD disease progression. Ubiquilin-4 proteins that are normally expressed in the brain were lost and instead replaced by a novel 115 kDa higher molecular weight immunoreactive band. Taken together, our results demonstrate that all ubiquilin proteins are involved in HD pathology and that distinct changes in the signature of ubiquilin-4 expression could be useful for monitoring end-stage of HD disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Safren
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Lydia Chang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Kristina M Dziki
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Mervyn J Monteiro
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
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Liu M, Sun J, Cui J, Chen W, Guo H, Barbetti F, Arvan P. INS-gene mutations: from genetics and beta cell biology to clinical disease. Mol Aspects Med 2014; 42:3-18. [PMID: 25542748 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A growing list of insulin gene mutations causing a new form of monogenic diabetes has drawn increasing attention over the past seven years. The mutations have been identified in the untranslated regions of the insulin gene as well as the coding sequence of preproinsulin including within the signal peptide, insulin B-chain, C-peptide, insulin A-chain, and the proteolytic cleavage sites both for signal peptidase and the prohormone convertases. These mutations affect a variety of different steps of insulin biosynthesis in pancreatic beta cells. Importantly, although many of these mutations cause proinsulin misfolding with early onset autosomal dominant diabetes, some of the mutant alleles appear to engage different cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie beta cell failure and diabetes. In this article, we review the most recent advances in the field and discuss challenges as well as potential strategies to prevent/delay the development and progression of autosomal dominant diabetes caused by INS-gene mutations. It is worth noting that although diabetes caused by INS gene mutations is rare, increasing evidence suggests that defects in the pathway of insulin biosynthesis may also be involved in the progression of more common types of diabetes. Collectively, the (pre)proinsulin mutants provide insightful molecular models to better understand the pathogenesis of all forms of diabetes in which preproinsulin processing defects, proinsulin misfolding, and ER stress are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
| | - Jinhong Sun
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Jinqiu Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Huan Guo
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Fabrizio Barbetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome and Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
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Zheng C, Geetha T, Babu JR. Failure of ubiquitin proteasome system: risk for neurodegenerative diseases. NEURODEGENER DIS 2014; 14:161-75. [PMID: 25413678 DOI: 10.1159/000367694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the primary proteolytic quality control system in cells and has an essential function in the nervous system. UPS dysfunction has been linked to neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. The pathology of neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of insoluble protein aggregates or inclusion bodies within neurons. The failure or dysregulation of the UPS prevents the degradation of misfolded/aberrant proteins, leading to deficient synaptic function that eventually affects the nervous system. In this review, we discuss the UPS and its physiological roles in the nervous system, its influence on neuronal function, and how UPS dysfunction contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, Ala., USA
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Satoh J, Tabunoki H, Ishida T, Saito Y, Arima K. Ubiquilin-1 immunoreactivity is concentrated on Hirano bodies and dystrophic neurites in Alzheimer's disease brains. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2014; 39:817-30. [PMID: 23421764 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ubiquilin-1 acts as an adaptor protein that mediates the translocation of polyubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome for degradation. Although previous studies suggested a key role of ubiquilin-1 in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a direct relationship between ubiquilin-1 and Hirano bodies in AD brains remains unknown. METHODS By immunohistochemistry, we studied ubiquilin-1 and ubiquilin-2 expression in the frontal cortex and the hippocampus of six AD and 13 control cases. RESULTS Numerous Hirano bodies, accumulated in the hippocampal CA1 region of AD brains, expressed intense immunoreactivity for ubiquilin-1. They were much less frequently found in control brains. However, Hirano bodies did not express a panel of markers for proteasome, autophagosome or pathogenic proteins, such as ubiquilin-2, ubiquitin, p62, LC3, beclin-1, HDAC6, paired helical filament (PHF)-tau, protein-disulphide isomerase (PDI) and phosphorylated TDP-43, but some of them expressed C9orf72. Ubiquilin-1-immunoreactive deposits were classified into four distinct morphologies, such as rod-shaped structures characteristic of Hirano bodies, dystrophic neurites contacting senile plaques, fragmented structures accumulated in the lesions affected with severe neuronal loss, and thread-shaped structures located mainly in the molecular layer of the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS Ubiquilin-1 immunoreactivity is concentrated on Hirano bodies and dystrophic neurites in AD brains, suggesting that aberrant expression of ubiquilin-1 serves as one of pathological hallmarks of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Satoh
- Department of Bioinformatics and Molecular Neuropathology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
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38
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Haapasalo A, Viswanathan J, Kurkinen KM, Bertram L, Soininen H, Dantuma NP, Tanzi RE, Hiltunen M. Involvement of ubiquilin-1 transcript variants in protein degradation and accumulation. Commun Integr Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.4161/cib.15283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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39
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Yue Z, Wang S, Yan W, Zhu F. Association of UBQ-8i polymorphism with Alzheimer's disease in Caucasians: a meta-analysis. Int J Neurosci 2014; 125:395-401. [PMID: 25010605 DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2014.943369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have reported an association between the UBQ-8i (rs12344615) polymorphism of the UBQLN1 gene and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but these findings remain controversial. In this study, a meta-analysis was carried out to investigate the relationship between UBQ-8i polymorphism and AD risk and a possible synergy with apolipoprotein E (APOE)ε4 gene status. METHODS Case-control studies were selected from PubMed, Medline and Embase (Ovid) databases. The potential association was evaluated by odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data were analyzed with Stata version 11.0. RESULTS A total of 4679 AD cases and 9928 controls were included in the study. There was no evidence of heterogeneity between studies or publication bias in the meta-analysis. There were no significant differences among the examined genetic models. In the analysis stratified by age of onset, a significant association was detected in the late onset AD group under the allele (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01-1.24), heterozygote (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.02-1.30) and dominant (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00-1-26) models. However, UBQ-8i polymorphism was not associated with a higher risk for AD among APOEε4 carriers. CONCLUSION The results suggest that UBQ-8i polymorphism may contribute to AD susceptibility, but does not synergize with APOEε4 status to increase AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yue
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
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40
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Dantuma NP, Bott LC. The ubiquitin-proteasome system in neurodegenerative diseases: precipitating factor, yet part of the solution. Front Mol Neurosci 2014; 7:70. [PMID: 25132814 PMCID: PMC4117186 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases based on the presence of deposits consisting of ubiquitylated proteins in affected neurons. It has been postulated that aggregation-prone proteins associated with these disorders, such as α-synuclein, β-amyloid peptide, and polyglutamine proteins, compromise UPS function, and delay the degradation of other proteasome substrates. Many of these substrates play important regulatory roles in signaling, cell cycle progression, or apoptosis, and their inadvertent stabilization due to an overloaded and improperly functioning UPS may thus be responsible for cellular demise in neurodegeneration. Over the past decade, numerous studies have addressed the UPS dysfunction hypothesis using various model systems and techniques that differ in their readout and sensitivity. While an inhibitory effect of some disease proteins on the UPS has been demonstrated, increasing evidence attests that the UPS remains operative in many disease models, which opens new possibilities for treatment. In this review, we will discuss the paradigm shift that repositioned the UPS from being a prime suspect in the pathophysiology of neurodegeneration to an attractive therapeutic target that can be harnessed to accelerate the clearance of disease-linked proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico P Dantuma
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura C Bott
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden ; Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
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41
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Guo H, Xiong Y, Witkowski P, Cui J, Wang LJ, Sun J, Lara-Lemus R, Haataja L, Hutchison K, Shan SO, Arvan P, Liu M. Inefficient translocation of preproinsulin contributes to pancreatic β cell failure and late-onset diabetes. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:16290-302. [PMID: 24770419 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.562355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the defects in the early events of insulin biosynthesis, proinsulin misfolding and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have drawn increasing attention as causes of β cell failure. However, no studies have yet addressed potential defects at the cytosolic entry point of preproinsulin into the secretory pathway. Here, we provide the first evidence that inefficient translocation of preproinsulin (caused by loss of a positive charge in the n region of its signal sequence) contributes to β cell failure and diabetes. Specifically, we find that, after targeting to the ER membrane, preproinsulin signal peptide (SP) mutants associated with autosomal dominant late-onset diabetes fail to be fully translocated across the ER membrane. The newly synthesized, untranslocated preproinsulin remains strongly associated with the ER membrane, exposing its proinsulin moiety to the cytosol. Rather than accumulating in the ER and inducing ER stress, untranslocated preproinsulin accumulates in a juxtanuclear compartment distinct from the Golgi complex, induces the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and promotes β cell death. Restoring an N-terminal positive charge to the mutant preproinsulin SP significantly improves the translocation defect. These findings not only reveal a novel molecular pathogenesis of β cell failure and diabetes but also provide the first evidence of the physiological and pathological significance of the SP n region positive charge of secretory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Guo
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Yi Xiong
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Piotr Witkowski
- the Division of Organ Transplantation, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Jingqing Cui
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, the Division of Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China 300052
| | - Ling-jia Wang
- the Division of Organ Transplantation, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Jinhong Sun
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Roberto Lara-Lemus
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, the Department of Research in Biochemistry, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City 14080, Mexico, and
| | - Leena Haataja
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Kathryn Hutchison
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Shu-ou Shan
- the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Peter Arvan
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105,
| | - Ming Liu
- From the Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, the Division of Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China 300052,
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The ubiquilin gene family: evolutionary patterns and functional insights. BMC Evol Biol 2014; 14:63. [PMID: 24674348 PMCID: PMC4230246 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-14-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ubiquilins are proteins that function as ubiquitin receptors in eukaryotes. Mutations in two ubiquilin-encoding genes have been linked to the genesis of neurodegenerative diseases. However, ubiquilin functions are still poorly understood. Results In this study, evolutionary and functional data are combined to determine the origin and diversification of the ubiquilin gene family and to characterize novel potential roles of ubiquilins in mammalian species, including humans. The analysis of more than six hundred sequences allowed characterizing ubiquilin diversity in all the main eukaryotic groups. Many organisms (e. g. fungi, many animals) have single ubiquilin genes, but duplications in animal, plant, alveolate and excavate species are described. Seven different ubiquilins have been detected in vertebrates. Two of them, here called UBQLN5 and UBQLN6, had not been hitherto described. Significantly, marsupial and eutherian mammals have the most complex ubiquilin gene families, composed of up to 6 genes. This exceptional mammalian-specific expansion is the result of the recent emergence of four new genes, three of them (UBQLN3, UBQLN5 and UBQLNL) with precise testis-specific expression patterns that indicate roles in the postmeiotic stages of spermatogenesis. A gene with related features has independently arisen in species of the Drosophila genus. Positive selection acting on some mammalian ubiquilins has been detected. Conclusions The ubiquilin gene family is highly conserved in eukaryotes. The infrequent lineage-specific amplifications observed may be linked to the emergence of novel functions in particular tissues.
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43
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Hong L, Huang HC, Jiang ZF. Relationship between amyloid-beta and the ubiquitin–proteasome system in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurol Res 2014; 36:276-82. [DOI: 10.1179/1743132813y.0000000288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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44
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Nölle A, van Haastert ES, Zwart R, Hoozemans JJM, Scheper W. Ubiquilin 2 is not associated with tau pathology. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76598. [PMID: 24086754 PMCID: PMC3784422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of aberrant proteins in inclusion bodies is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases. Impairment of proteolytic systems is a common event in these protein misfolding diseases. Recently, mutations in the UBQLN 2 gene encoding ubiquilin 2 have been identified in X-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Furthermore, ubiquilin 2 is associated with inclusions in familial and sporadic ALS/dementia, synucleinopathies and polyglutamine diseases. Ubiquilin 2 exerts a regulatory role in proteostasis and thus it has been suggested that ubiquilin 2 pathology may be a common event in neurodegenerative diseases. Tauopathies, a heterogenous group of neurodegenerative diseases accompanied with dementia, are characterized by inclusions of the microtubule-binding protein tau. In the present study, we investigate whether ubiquilin 2 is connected with tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), supranuclear palsy (PSP) and Pick’s disease (PiD) and familial cases with frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17). We show that ubiquilin 2 positive inclusions are absent in these tauopathies. Furthermore, we find decreased ubiquilin 2 protein levels in AD patients, but our results do not indicate a correlation with tau pathology. Our data show no evidence for involvement of ubiquilin 2 and indicate that other mechanisms underly the proteostatic disturbances in tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nölle
- Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rob Zwart
- Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wiep Scheper
- Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Kon T, Mori F, Tanji K, Miki Y, Toyoshima Y, Yoshida M, Sasaki H, Kakita A, Takahashi H, Wakabayashi K. ALS-associated protein FIG4 is localized in Pick and Lewy bodies, and also neuronal nuclear inclusions, in polyglutamine and intranuclear inclusion body diseases. Neuropathology 2013; 34:19-26. [DOI: 10.1111/neup.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Kon
- Department of Neuropathology; Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine; Hirosaki
| | - Fumiaki Mori
- Department of Neuropathology; Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine; Hirosaki
| | - Kunikazu Tanji
- Department of Neuropathology; Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine; Hirosaki
| | - Yasuo Miki
- Department of Neuropathology; Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine; Hirosaki
| | | | - Mari Yoshida
- Department of Neuropathology; Aichi Medical University; Nagakute
| | - Hidenao Sasaki
- Department of Neurology; Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine; Sapporo Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Department of Pathological Neuroscience; Center for Bioresource-based Researches; University of Niigata; Niigata
| | | | - Koichi Wakabayashi
- Department of Neuropathology; Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine; Hirosaki
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46
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Yan R, Farrelly S, McCarthy JV. Presenilins are novel substrates for TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1769-79. [PMID: 23707529 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in presenilins (PS1 and PS2) have been linked to the pathogenesis of early onset familial Alzheimer's disease. Presenilins function as the catalytic component of the γ-secretase protease complexes responsible for the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), subsequent generation of amyloid-β and associated amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease. Biochemical and genetic studies have revealed that through interactions with several proteins, the presenilins are functionally involved in a range of cellular processes, including the regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis. Our group has previously reported an association between presenilins and members of the tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) family of proteins. In this study we further investigated the association between TRAF6, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and the presenilins. Here we show that the presenilin full-length holoproteins are novel substrates of TRAF6-mediated Lysine-63-linked ubiquitination. Interestingly, co-expression of catalytically active TRAF6 with the presenilins leads to decreased turnover of PS1 full-length holoprotein accompanying elevated presenilin protein levels. Similarly, while overexpression of TRAF6 increases presenilin holoprotein levels and ubiquitination in HEK293 cells, expression of catalytically deficient TRAF6 or TRAF6-deficiency leads to a reduction in presenilin protein levels and reduced PS1 ubiquitination. We also demonstrate that TRAF6 induces PS1 gene transcription in a JNK-dependent manner. Notably, we reveal that TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination of presenilin does not affect γ-secretase enzyme activity, but may regulate presenilin function in calcium signalling. Taken together, we propose that presenilins are novel substrates for TRAF6-mediated K63-linked ubiquitination and that ubiquitination of presenilins by TRAF6 increases presenilin holoprotein levels and in conditions in which TRAF6 ubiquitination of presenilins is reduced results in reduction of calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Yan
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Western Gate Building, Western Road, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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47
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Viswanathan J, Haapasalo A, Kurkinen KMA, Natunen T, Mäkinen P, Bertram L, Soininen H, Tanzi RE, Hiltunen M. Ubiquilin-1 Modulates γ-Secretase-Mediated ε-Site Cleavage in Neuronal Cells. Biochemistry 2013; 52:3899-912. [DOI: 10.1021/bi400138p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Viswanathan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaisa M. A. Kurkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Teemu Natunen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petra Mäkinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lars Bertram
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin,
Germany
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rudolph E. Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging
Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United
States
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Takalo M, Haapasalo A, Natunen T, Viswanathan J, Kurkinen KM, Tanzi RE, Soininen H, Hiltunen M. Targeting ubiquilin-1 in Alzheimer's disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2013; 17:795-810. [PMID: 23600477 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2013.791284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder affecting an increasing number of people worldwide as the population ages. Currently, there are no drugs available that could prevent AD pathogenesis or slow down its progression. Increasing evidence links ubiquilin-1, an ubiquitin-like protein, into the pathogenic mechanisms of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Ubiquilin-1 has been shown to play a key role in the regulation of the levels, subcellular targeting, aggregation and degradation of various neurodegenerative disease-associated proteins. These include the amyloid precursor protein and presenilins that are intimately involved in the mechanisms of AD. AREAS COVERED Here, the properties and diverse functions of ubiquilin-1 protein in the context of the pathogenesis of AD and other neurodegenerative disorders are discussed. This review recapitulates the available knowledge on the involvement of ubiquilin-1 in the genetic and molecular mechanisms in AD. Furthermore, the association of ubiquilin-1 with specific proteins and mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is described and the known ubiquilin-1-interacting proteins summarized. EXPERT OPINION The variety of ubiquilin-1-interacting proteins and its central role in the regulation of protein levels and degradation provides a number of novel candidates and approaches for future research and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Takalo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Takalo M, Salminen A, Soininen H, Hiltunen M, Haapasalo A. Protein aggregation and degradation mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE 2013; 2:1-14. [PMID: 23516262 PMCID: PMC3601466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by selective neuronal vulnerability and neurodegeneration in specific brain regions. The pathogenesis of these disorders centrally involves abnormal accumulation and aggregation of specific proteins, which are deposited in intracellular inclusions or extracellular aggregates that are characteristic for each disease. Increasing evidence suggests that genetic mutations or environmental factors can instigate protein misfolding and aggregation in these diseases. Consequently, neurodegenerative diseases are often considered as conformational diseases. This idea is further supported by studies implicating that impairment of the protein quality control (PQC) and clearance systems, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagosome-lysosome pathway, may lead to the abnormal accumulation of disease-specific proteins. This suggests that similar pathological mechanisms may underlie the pathogenesis of the different neurodegenerative disorders. Interestingly, several proteins that are known to associate with neurodegenerative diseases have been identified as important regulators of PQC and clearance systems. In this review, we summarize the central features of abnormal protein accumulation in different common neurodegenerative diseases and discuss some aspects of specific disease-associated proteins regulating the PQC and clearance mechanisms, such as ubiquilin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Takalo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio, Finland
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50
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El Ayadi A, Stieren ES, Barral JM, Boehning D. Ubiquilin-1 and protein quality control in Alzheimer disease. Prion 2013; 7:164-9. [PMID: 23360761 PMCID: PMC3609125 DOI: 10.4161/pri.23711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ubiquilin-1 gene may confer risk for late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD). We have shown previously that ubiquilin-1 functions as a molecular chaperone for the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and that protein levels of ubiquilin-1 are decreased in the brains of AD patients. We have recently found that ubiquilin-1 regulates APP trafficking and subsequent secretase processing by stimulating non-degradative ubiquitination of a single lysine residue in the cytosolic domain of APP. Thus, ubiquilin-1 plays a central role in regulating APP biosynthesis, trafficking and ultimately toxicity. As ubiquilin-1 and other ubiquilin family members have now been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous neurodegenerative diseases, these findings provide mechanistic insights into the central role of ubiquilin proteins in maintaining neuronal proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina El Ayadi
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
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