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Chen G, Guo Z, Shu Y, Zhao Y, Qiu L, Duan S, Lin Y, He S, Li X, Feng X, Xiang G, Nian B, Wang Y, Li Z, Chongkang Yang, Shi Y, Lu Y, Liu G, Yang S, Zhang G, Hao B. Biosynthetic pathway of prescription cucurbitacin IIa and high-level production of key triterpenoid intermediates in engineered yeast and tobacco. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100835. [PMID: 38425040 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Cucurbitacin IIa is a triterpenoid isolated exclusively from Hemsleya plants and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that functions as the main ingredient of prescription Hemslecin capsules and tablets in China. Synthetic biology provides new strategies for production of such valuable cucurbitacins at a large scale; however, the biosynthetic pathway of cucurbitacin IIa has been unknown, and the heterologous production of cucurbitacins in galactose medium has been expensive and low yielding. In this study, we characterized the functions of genes encoding two squalene epoxidases (HcSE1-2), six oxidosqualene cyclases (HcOSC1-6), two CYP450s (HcCYP87D20 and HcCYP81Q59), and an acyltransferase (HcAT1) in cucurbitacin IIa biosynthesis by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Nicotiana benthamiana. We achieved high-level production of the key cucurbitacin precursor 11-carbonyl-20β-hydroxy-Cuol from glucose in yeast via modular engineering of the mevalonate pathway and optimization of P450 expression levels. The resulting yields of 46.41 mg/l 11-carbonyl-20β-hydroxy-Cuol and 126.47 mg/l total cucurbitacin triterpenoids in shake flasks are the highest yields yet reported from engineered microbes. Subsequently, production of 11-carbonyl-20β-hydroxy-Cuol by transient gene expression in tobacco resulted in yields of 1.28 mg/g dry weight in leaves. This work reveals the key genes involved in biosynthesis of prescription cucurbitacin IIa and demonstrates that engineered yeast cultivated with glucose can produce high yields of key triterpenoid intermediates. We describe a low-cost and highly efficient platform for rapid screening of candidate genes and high-yield production of pharmacological triterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Zhaokuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Yanyu Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Shaofeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Simei He
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Xiaolin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Guisheng Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Bo Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yina Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Chongkang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yingchun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Guanze Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Shengchao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China.
| | - Bing Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan 650106, China.
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2
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Gao J, Wang J, Wang R, Wang J, Ma Y, Yang J, Tai B, Li C, Chai X, Jiao S, Chen T, Zheng H, Li X, Kang L, Jiang C, Zhou J, Liu J, Huang L. A Syringa pinnatifolia genome assembly reveals the zerumbone biosynthesis machinery with a cytochrome P450-catalysed epoxidation reaction in eudicots. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 38824457 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruishan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Badalahu Tai
- School of Mongolian Materia Medica, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Chongjiu Li
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Busayo FK, Yang JL, Ding XP, Wang YL, Gai CJ, Wu F, Dai HF, Mei WL, Chen HQ. Identification of volatile compounds and their bioactivities from unpolar fraction of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. and mining key genes of nootkatone biosynthesis. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1793-1798. [PMID: 37278024 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2220063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, analysis of the chemical constituents and bioactivities of the unpolar fractions [petroleum ether (PE) and chloroform (C)] of fruits and leaves of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. were carried out, as well as the bioactivities of the main compounds nootkatone and valencene. From PE and C fractions of the fruits, and PE fraction of the leaves, 95.80%, 59.30%, and 82.11% of the chemical constituents respectively were identified by GC-MS. Among these identified compounds, nootkatone was the main compound in all of three fractions, while valencene was the second main compound in the PE fractions of the fruits and leaves. The bioactivities results showed that all of the fractions and the major compound nootkatone showed tyrosinase inhibitory, as well as inhibitory effect on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. While valencene only presented inhibitory activity on NO production in RAW264.7 cells. The critical genes involved in nootkatone biosynthesis in A. oxyphylla were identified from the public transcriptome datasets, and protein sequences were preliminarily analyzed. Our studies develop the usage of the unpolar fractions of A. oxyphylla, especially its leaves as the waste during its production, and meanwhile provide the gene resources for nootkatone biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fapetu Kemi Busayo
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Ling Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Po Ding
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Li Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Cui-Juan Gai
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wu
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Fu Dai
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Li Mei
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Qin Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Product from Li Folk Medicine, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
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Deng X, Ye Z, Duan J, Chen F, Zhi Y, Huang M, Huang M, Cheng W, Dou Y, Kuang Z, Huang Y, Bian G, Deng Z, Liu T, Lu L. Complete pathway elucidation and heterologous reconstitution of (+)-nootkatone biosynthesis from Alpinia oxyphylla. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:779-792. [PMID: 37933426 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
(+)-Nootkatone is a natural sesquiterpene ketone widely used in food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. It is also regarded as one of the most valuable terpenes used commercially. However, plants contain trace amounts of (+)-nootkatone, and extraction from plants is insufficient to meet market demand. Alpinia oxyphylla is a well-known medicinal plant in China, and (+)-nootkatone is one of the main components within the fruits. By transcriptome mining and functional screening using a precursor-providing yeast chassis, the complete (+)-nootkatone biosynthetic pathway in Alpinia oxyphylla was identified. A (+)-valencene synthase (AoVS) was identified as a novel monocot-derived valencene synthase; three (+)-valencene oxidases AoCYP6 (CYP71BB2), AoCYP9 (CYP71CX8), and AoCYP18 (CYP701A170) were identified by constructing a valencene-providing yeast strain. With further characterisation of a cytochrome P450 reductase (AoCPR1) and three dehydrogenases (AoSDR1/2/3), we successfully reconstructed the (+)-nootkatone biosynthetic pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, representing a basis for its biotechnological production. Identifying the biosynthetic pathway of (+)-nootkatone in A. oxyphylla unravelled the molecular mechanism underlying its formation in planta and also supported the bioengineering production of (+)-nootkatone. The highly efficient yeast chassis screening method could be used to elucidate the complete biosynthetic pathway of other valuable plant natural products in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Cultivation and Physiology for Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ziling Ye
- Wuhan Hesheng Technology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Jingyu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yao Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Man Huang
- Wuhan Hesheng Technology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Minjian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Weijia Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yujie Dou
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaolin Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yanglei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Guangkai Bian
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Tiangang Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
- Wuhan Hesheng Technology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Wuhan University of Taikang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Liu J, Wang S, Li W, Jin Y, Akhter D, Chen J, Hu J, Pan R. Bioinformatic analysis of short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase proteins in plant peroxisomes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1180647. [PMID: 37360717 PMCID: PMC10288848 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1180647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are ubiquitous eukaryotic organelles housing not only many important oxidative metabolic reactions, but also some reductive reactions that are less known. Members of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily, which are NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases, play important roles in plant peroxisomes, including the conversion of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), auxiliary β-oxidation of fatty acids, and benzaldehyde production. To further explore the function of this family of proteins in the plant peroxisome, we performed an in silico search for peroxisomal SDR proteins from Arabidopsis based on the presence of peroxisome targeting signal peptides. A total of 11 proteins were discovered, among which four were experimentally confirmed to be peroxisomal in this study. Phylogenetic analyses showed the presence of peroxisomal SDR proteins in diverse plant species, indicating the functional conservation of this protein family in peroxisomal metabolism. Knowledge about the known peroxisomal SDRs from other species also allowed us to predict the function of plant SDR proteins within the same subgroup. Furthermore, in silico gene expression profiling revealed strong expression of most SDR genes in floral tissues and during seed germination, suggesting their involvement in reproduction and seed development. Finally, we explored the function of SDRj, a member of a novel subgroup of peroxisomal SDR proteins, by generating and analyzing CRISPR/Cas mutant lines. This work provides a foundation for future research on the biological activities of peroxisomal SDRs to fully understand the redox control of peroxisome functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchan Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yukang Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Saisai Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiran Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijun Jin
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Delara Akhter
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Jiarong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Plant Biology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Ronghui Pan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology & ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China
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Li Y, Bai Y, Fan TP, Zheng X, Cai Y. Characterization of a putative tropinone reductase from Tarenaya hassleriana with a broad substrate specificity. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:2530-2539. [PMID: 34902878 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase from Tarenaya hassleriana labeled as putative tropinone reductase was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant protein had molecular weight of approximately 30 kDa on 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. T. hassleriana tropinone reductase-like enzyme (ThTRL) had not detected oxidative activity. The optimum pH for enzyme activity of ThTRL was weakly acidic (pH 5.0). 50°C was the optimum temperature for ThTRL. The highest catalytic efficiency and substrate affinity for recombinant ThTRL were observed with (+)-camphorquinone (kcat /Km = 814.3 s-1 mM-1 , Km = 44.25 μM). ThTRL exhibited a broad substrate specificity and reduced various carbonyl compounds, including small lipophilic aldehydes and ketones, terpene ketones, and their structural analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yajun Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Tai-Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Yujie Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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The biosynthesis of thymol, carvacrol, and thymohydroquinone in Lamiaceae proceeds via cytochrome P450s and a short-chain dehydrogenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2110092118. [PMID: 34930840 PMCID: PMC8719858 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2110092118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The monoterpene alcohols thymol, carvacrol, and thymohydroquinone are characteristic flavor compounds of thyme, oregano, and other Lamiaceae. These specialized metabolites are also valuable for their antibacterial, anti-spasmolytic, and antitumor activities. We elucidated the complete biosynthetic pathway of these compounds, which starts with the formation of γ-terpinene from geranyl diphosphate. The aromatic backbone of thymol and carvacrol is formed by P450 monooxygenases in combination with a dehydrogenase via an unstable intermediate. Additional P450s hydroxylate thymol and carvacrol to form thymohydroquinone. Our findings demonstrate a mechanism for the formation of phenolic monoterpenes that differs from previous predictions and provides targets for metabolic engineering of high-value terpenes in plants. Thymol and carvacrol are phenolic monoterpenes found in thyme, oregano, and several other species of the Lamiaceae. Long valued for their smell and taste, these substances also have antibacterial and anti-spasmolytic properties. They are also suggested to be precursors of thymohydroquinone and thymoquinone, monoterpenes with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities. Thymol and carvacrol biosynthesis has been proposed to proceed by the cyclization of geranyl diphosphate to γ-terpinene, followed by a series of oxidations via p-cymene. Here, we show that γ-terpinene is oxidized by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) of the CYP71D subfamily to produce unstable cyclohexadienol intermediates, which are then dehydrogenated by a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) to the corresponding ketones. The subsequent formation of the aromatic compounds occurs via keto–enol tautomerisms. Combining these enzymes with γ-terpinene in in vitro assays or in vivo in Nicotiana benthamiana yielded thymol and carvacrol as products. In the absence of the SDRs, only p-cymene was formed by rearrangement of the cyclohexadienol intermediates. The nature of these unstable intermediates was inferred from reactions with the γ-terpinene isomer limonene and by analogy to reactions catalyzed by related enzymes. We also identified and characterized two P450s of the CYP76S and CYP736A subfamilies that catalyze the hydroxylation of thymol and carvacrol to thymohydroquinone when heterologously expressed in yeast and N. benthamiana. Our findings alter previous views of thymol and carvacrol formation, identify the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these phenolic monoterpenes and thymohydroquinone in the Lamiaceae, and provide targets for metabolic engineering of high-value terpenes in plants.
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8
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Ma R, Su P, Jin B, Guo J, Tian M, Mao L, Tang J, Chen T, Lai C, Zeng W, Cui G, Huang L. Molecular cloning and functional identification of a high-efficiency (+)-borneol dehydrogenase from Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 158:363-371. [PMID: 33243711 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl, rich in terpenoids, is an important commercial plant. The monoterpenes borneol and camphor are highly desired compounds that have been widely and diversely used in medicine and spices since ancient times. However, the key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of borneol and camphor in C. camphora remains unknown, which limits access to these natural products. Here, the chirality of borneol and camphor were identified in C. camphora leaves. Besides the main (+)-borneol and (+)-camphor, C. camphora also contains small amounts of (-)-borneol and (-)-camphor. Then, CcBDH3 - an efficient (+)-borneol dehydrogenase (BDH) - was identified that catalyzed (+)-borneol into (+)-camphor in the presence of NAD+. The Km value was 25.1 μM with a kcat value of 5.4 × 10-3 s-1 at pH 8.5 and 30 °C. CcBDH3, which also yields (-)-camphor from (-)-borneol as a substrate, had a Km value of 36.9 μM with a kcat of 2.1 × 10-3 s-1, and pH of 8.0 and temperature of 32 °C. We further compared the conformational specificity of two other reported BDHs, ZSD1 and ADH2, and found that ZSD1 had the highest conversion rate with (-)-borneol. These findings provide a new way for the production of camphor with various optical activities by metabolic engineering, and the identified camphor biosynthesis pathway provides the foundation for using genetic engineering to improve the production and purity of (+)-borneol in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshuidong Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ping Su
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China; Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, United States.
| | - Baolong Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Mei Tian
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Liuying Mao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Jinfu Tang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Tong Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Changjiangsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Wen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Guanghong Cui
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshuidong Road, Zhengzhou, 450008, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16 South Side Street, Dongzhimen, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Sarrade-Loucheur A, Ro DK, Fauré R, Remaud-Siméon M, Truan G. Synthetic Derivatives of (+)- epi-α-Bisabolol Are Formed by Mammalian Cytochromes P450 Expressed in a Yeast Reconstituted Pathway. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:368-380. [PMID: 31977190 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Identification of the enzyme(s) involved in complex biosynthetic pathways can be challenging. An alternative approach might be to deliberately diverge from the original natural enzyme source and use promiscuous enzymes from other organisms. In this paper, we have tested the ability of a series of human and animal cytochromes P450 involved in xenobiotic detoxification to generate derivatives of (+)-epi-α-bisabolol and attempt to produce the direct precursor of hernandulcin, a sweetener from Lippia dulcis for which the last enzymatic steps are unknown. Screening steps were implemented in vivo in S. cerevisiae optimized for the biosynthesis of oxidized derivatives of (+)-epi-α-bisabolol by coexpressing two key enzymes: the (+)-epi-α-bisabolol synthase and the NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase. Five out of 25 cytochromes P450 were capable of producing new hydroxylated regioisomers of (+)-epi-α-bisabolol. Of the new oxidized bisabolol products, the structure of one compound, 14-hydroxy-(+)-epi-α-bisabolol, was fully elucidated by NMR while the probable structure of the second product was determined. In parallel, the production of (+)-epi-α-bisabolol derivatives was enhanced through the addition of a supplementary genomic copy of (+)-epi-α-bisabolol synthase that augmented the final titer of hydroxylated product to 64 mg/L. We thus demonstrate that promiscuous drug metabolism cytochromes P450 can be used to produce novel compounds from a terpene scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dae-Kyun Ro
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Régis Fauré
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Gilles Truan
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France
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10
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Meng X, Liu H, Xu W, Zhang W, Wang Z, Liu W. Metabolic engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for de novo production of the sesquiterpenoid (+)-nootkatone. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:21. [PMID: 32013959 PMCID: PMC6998195 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-1295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background (+)-Nootkatone is a highly valued sesquiterpenoid compound, exhibiting a typical grapefruit aroma and various desired biological activities for use as aromatics and pharmaceuticals. The high commercial demand of (+)-nootkatone is predominately met by chemical synthesis, which entails the use of environmentally harmful reagents. Efficient synthesis of (+)-nootkatone via biotechnological approaches is thus urgently needed to satisfy its industrial demand. However, there are only a limited number of studies that report the de novo synthesis of (+)-nootkatone from simple carbon sources in microbial cell factories, and with relatively low yield. Results As the direct precursor of (+)-nootkatone biosynthesis, (+)-valencene was first produced in large quantities in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by overexpressing (+)-valencene synthase CnVS of Callitropsis nootkatensis in combination with various mevalonate pathway (MVA) engineering strategies, including the expression of CnVS and farnesyl diphosphate synthase (ERG20) as a fused protein, overexpression of a truncated form of the rate-limiting enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase (tHMG1), and downregulating the squalene synthase enzyme (ERG9). These approaches altogether brought the production of (+)-valencene to 217.95 mg/L. Secondly, we addressed the (+)-valencene oxidation by overexpressing the Hyoscyamus muticus premnaspirodiene oxygenase (HPO) variant (V482I/A484I) and cytochrome P450 reductase (ATR1) from Arabidopsis thaliana. However, (+)-valencene was predominantly oxidized to β-nootkatol and only minor amounts of (+)-nootkatone (9.66 mg/L) were produced. We further tackled the oxidation of β-nootkatol to (+)-nootkatone by screening various dehydrogenases. Our results showed that the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily dehydrogenases ZSD1 of Zingiber zerumbet and ABA2 of Citrus sinensis were capable of effectively catalyzing β-nootkatol oxidation to (+)-nootkatone. The yield of (+)-nootkatone increased to 59.78 mg/L and 53.48 mg/L by additional overexpression of ZSD1 and ABA2, respectively. Conclusion We successfully constructed the (+)-nootaktone biosynthesis pathway in S. cerevisiae by overexpressing the (+)-valencene synthase CnVS, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase HPO, and SDR family dehydrogenases combined with the MVA pathway engineering, providing a solid basis for the whole-cell production of (+)-nootkatone. The two effective SDR family dehydrogenases tested in this study will serve as valuable enzymatic tools in further optimizing (+)-nootkatone production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, No. 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Chen H, Yue Y, Yu R, Fan Y. A Hedychium coronarium short chain alcohol dehydrogenase is a player in allo-ocimene biosynthesis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 101:297-313. [PMID: 31368003 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
An enzyme is crucial for the formation of Hedychium coronarium scent and defense responses, which may be responsible for the biosynthesis of allo-ocimene in H. coronarium. Hedychium coronarium can emit a strong scent as its main scent constituents are monoterpenes and their derivatives. Among these derivatives, allo-ocimene is not only a very important volatile substance in flower aroma, but is also crucial to plant defense. However, the molecular mechanism of allo-ocimene biosynthesis has not been characterized in plants. In this study, a new alcohol dehydrogenase gene, HcADH, was cloned. The amino acid sequences encoded by HcADH contained the most conserved motifs of short chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductases (SDRs), which included NAD+ binding domain, TGxxx[AG]xG and active site YxxxK. Real-time PCR analyses showed that the HcADH was highly expressed in the outer labellum but was almost undetectable in vegetative organs. The change in its expression level in petals was positively correlated with the emission pattern of allo-ocimene during flower development. HcADH expression coincides also the release level of allo-ocimene among different Hedychium species. Although HcADH is not expressed in the leaves, HcADH expression and allo-ocimene release in leaves can be induced by mechanical wounding or methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. In addition, the expression of HcADH induced by mechanical wounding can be prevented by acetylsalicylic acid, a jasmonic acid biosynthesis inhibitor, suggesting that jasmonic acid might participate in the transmission of wounding signals. Using the Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-VIGS method, it was found that BSMV:HcADH335 inoculation was able to down-regulate HcADH expression, decreasing only the release of allo-ocimene in flowers while the content of other volatile substances did not decrese. In vitro characterization showed that recombinant HcADH can catalyze geraniol into citral, and citral is an intermediate of allo-ocimene biosynthesis. HcADH may be responsible for the biosynthesis of allo-ocimene in H. coronarium, which is crucial for the formation of H. coronarium scent and defense function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing Avenue, Duanzhou District, Zhaoqing, 526061, China
| | - Yuechong Yue
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rangcai Yu
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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12
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Milhim M, Hartz P, Gerber A, Bernhardt R. A novel short chain dehydrogenase from Bacillus megaterium for the conversion of the sesquiterpene nootkatol to (+)-nootkatone. J Biotechnol 2019; 301:52-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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13
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Zhang C, Liu J, Zhao F, Lu C, Zhao GR, Lu W. Production of sesquiterpenoid zerumbone from metabolic engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metab Eng 2018; 49:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Chen C, Zheng Y, Zhong Y, Wu Y, Li Z, Xu LA, Xu M. Transcriptome analysis and identification of genes related to terpenoid biosynthesis in Cinnamomum camphora. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:550. [PMID: 30041601 PMCID: PMC6057064 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinnamomum camphora has been cultivated as an economically important tree for its medicinal and aromatic properties. Selective breeding has produced Cinnamomum plants for special uses, including spice strains with characteristic flavors and aromas and high-potency medicinal cultivars. The molecular biology underlying terpenoid biosynthesis is still unexplored. RESULTS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the differences in contents and compositions of essential oil terpenoids in linalool- and borneol-type chemotypes of C. camphora. The data revealed that the essential oils consist primarily of monoterpenes with only very minor quantities of sesquiterpenes and diterpenes and that the essential oil differs in different chemotypes of C. camphora, with higher yields of (-)-borneol from the borneol-type than from the linalool-type. To study the terpenoid biosynthesis of signature compounds of the major monoterpenes, we performed RNA sequencing to profile the leaf transcriptomes of the two chemotypes of C. camphora. A total of 23.76 Gb clean data was generated from two chemotypes and assembled into 156,184 unigenes. The total length, average length, N50 and GC content of unigenes were 155,645,929 bp, 997 bp, 1430 bp, and 46.5%, respectively. Among them, 76,421 unigenes were annotated by publicly available databases, of which 67 candidate unigenes were identified to be involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in C. camphora. A total of 2863 unigenes were identified to be differentially expression between borneol-type and linalool-type, including 1714 up-regulated and 1149 down-regulated unigenes. Most genes encoding proteins involved in terpenoid precursor MVA and MEP pathways were expressed in similar levels in both chemotypes of C. camphora. In addition, 10 and 17 DEGs were significantly enriched in the terpene synthase activity and oxidoreductase activity terms of their directed acyclic graphs (DAG), respectively. Three monoterpene synthase genes, TPS14-like1, TPS14-like2 and TPS14-like3 were up-regulated in the borneol-type compared to the linalool-type, and their expression levels were further verified using quantitative real-time PCR. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a global overview of gene expression patterns related to terpenoid biosynthesis in C. camphora, and could contribute to a better understanding of the differential accumulation of terpenoids in different C. camphora chemotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihui Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yongjie Zheng
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for State Forestry Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, 330032, China
| | - Yongda Zhong
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Science, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yangfang Wu
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for State Forestry Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, 330032, China
| | - Zhiting Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Li-An Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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15
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Short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase governs steroidal specialized metabolites structural diversity and toxicity in the genus Solanum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5419-E5428. [PMID: 29784829 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1804835115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thousands of specialized, steroidal metabolites are found in a wide spectrum of plants. These include the steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs), produced primarily by most species of the genus Solanum, and metabolites belonging to the steroidal saponins class that are widespread throughout the plant kingdom. SGAs play a protective role in plants and have potent activity in mammals, including antinutritional effects in humans. The presence or absence of the double bond at the C-5,6 position (unsaturated and saturated, respectively) creates vast structural diversity within this metabolite class and determines the degree of SGA toxicity. For many years, the elimination of the double bond from unsaturated SGAs was presumed to occur through a single hydrogenation step. In contrast to this prior assumption, here, we show that the tomato GLYCOALKALOID METABOLISM25 (GAME25), a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, catalyzes the first of three prospective reactions required to reduce the C-5,6 double bond in dehydrotomatidine to form tomatidine. The recombinant GAME25 enzyme displayed 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5,4 isomerase activity not only on diverse steroidal alkaloid aglycone substrates but also on steroidal saponin aglycones. Notably, GAME25 down-regulation rerouted the entire tomato SGA repertoire toward the dehydro-SGAs branch rather than forming the typically abundant saturated α-tomatine derivatives. Overexpressing the tomato GAME25 in the tomato plant resulted in significant accumulation of α-tomatine in ripe fruit, while heterologous expression in cultivated eggplant generated saturated SGAs and atypical saturated steroidal saponin glycosides. This study demonstrates how a single scaffold modification of steroidal metabolites in plants results in extensive structural diversity and modulation of product toxicity.
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16
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Wong J, d'Espaux L, Dev I, van der Horst C, Keasling J. De novo synthesis of the sedative valerenic acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metab Eng 2018; 47:94-101. [PMID: 29545148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Valeriana officinalis (Valerian) root extracts have been used by European and Asian cultures for millennia for their anxiolytic and sedative properties. However, the efficacy of these extracts suffers from variable yields and composition, making these extracts a prime candidate for microbial production. Recently, valerenic acid, a C15 sesquiterpenoid, was identified as the active compound that modulates the GABAA channel. Although the first committed step, valerena-4,7(11)-diene synthase, has been identified and described, the complete valerenic acid biosynthetic pathway remains to be elucidated. Sequence homology and tissue-specific expression profiles of V. officinalis putative P450s led to the discovery of a V. officinalis valerena-4,7(11)-diene oxidase, VoCYP71DJ1, which required coexpression with a V. officinalis alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase to complete valerenic acid biosynthesis in yeast. Further, we demonstrated the stable integration of all pathway enzymes in yeast, resulting in the production of 140 mg/L of valerena-4,7(11)-diene and 4 mg/L of valerenic acid in milliliter plates. These findings showcase Saccharomyces cerevisiae's potential as an expression platform for facilitating multiply-oxidized medicinal terpenoid pathway discovery, possibly paving the way for scale up and FDA approval of valerenic acid and other active compounds from plant-derived herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Wong
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Leo d'Espaux
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Ishaan Dev
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States
| | - Cas van der Horst
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Jay Keasling
- DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, United States; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Department of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States.
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17
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Zhou W, Huang Q, Wu X, Zhou Z, Ding M, Shi M, Huang F, Li S, Wang Y, Kai G. Comprehensive transcriptome profiling of Salvia miltiorrhiza for discovery of genes associated with the biosynthesis of tanshinones and phenolic acids. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10554. [PMID: 28874707 PMCID: PMC5585387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinones and phenolic acids are crucial bioactive compounds biosynthesized in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is an effective elicitor to enhance the production of phenolic acids and tanshinones simultaneously, while yeast extract (YE) is used as a biotic elicitor that only induce tanshinones accumulation. However, little was known about the different molecular mechanism. To identify the downstream and regulatory genes involved in tanshinone and phenolic acid biosynthesis, we conducted comprehensive transcriptome profiling of S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots treated with either MeJA or YE. Total 55588 unigenes were assembled from about 1.72 billion clean reads, of which 42458 unigenes (76.4%) were successfully annotated. The expression patterns of 19 selected genes in the significantly upregulated unigenes were verified by quantitative real-time PCR. The candidate downstream genes and other cytochrome P450s involved in the late steps of tanshinone and phenolic acid biosynthesis pathways were screened from the RNA-seq dataset based on co-expression pattern analysis with specific biosynthetic genes. Additionally, 375 transcription factors were identified to exhibit a significant up-regulated expression pattern in response to induction. This study can provide us a valuable gene resource for elucidating the molecular mechanism of tanshinones and phenolic acids biosynthesis in hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.,The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Linan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zewen Zhou
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Mingquan Ding
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Linan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Min Shi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Fenfen Huang
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Shen Li
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Linan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China. .,Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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18
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Alemdar S, König JC, Hartwig S, Frister T, Scheper T, Beutel S. Bioproduction of α-humulene in metabolically engineered Escherichia coli and application in zerumbone synthesis. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:900-907. [PMID: 32624838 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Zerumbone is a sesquiterpene ketone with potent anti-cancerogenic activities, produced in several ginger species of the Zingiberaceae familiy. We have investigated the biotechnological production of α-humulene, a precursor of zerumbone. By implementing a heterologous mevalonate pathway in combination with the α-humulene synthase expression, we effectively synthesized α-humulene from glucose in Escherichia coli. In this study, we developed a practical and efficient in situ separation method for α-humulene by comparison of extractive and adsorptive strategies. By the in situ adsorption of the product to the hydrophobic resin Amberlite® XAD4 we were able to increase α-humulene yield by 2310% to 60.2 mg/L. Furthermore we present an easy applicable, short subsequent chemical process for the conversion of α-humulene to zerumbone by using transition metal catalysis. To reduce process steps, the chemical reaction was carried out in the same solvent as the eluting solvent that was used to elute α-humulene from the adsorbent resin. By allylic oxidation of α-humulene with manganeseII chloride as a catalyst and tert.-butylhydroperoxide as an oxidizing agent we were able to synthetize zerumbone with a selectivity of 51.6%. Product and byproducts of the oxidation reaction were identified by GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Alemdar
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Jan C König
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Steffen Hartwig
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Thore Frister
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
| | - Sascha Beutel
- Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Technical Chemistry Hannover Germany
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19
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Luo D, Callari R, Hamberger B, Wubshet SG, Nielsen MT, Andersen-Ranberg J, Hallström BM, Cozzi F, Heider H, Lindberg Møller B, Staerk D, Hamberger B. Oxidation and cyclization of casbene in the biosynthesis of Euphorbia factors from mature seeds of Euphorbia lathyris L. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E5082-9. [PMID: 27506796 PMCID: PMC5003294 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1607504113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The seed oil of Euphorbia lathyris L. contains a series of macrocyclic diterpenoids known as Euphorbia factors. They are the current industrial source of ingenol mebutate, which is approved for the treatment of actinic keratosis, a precancerous skin condition. Here, we report an alcohol dehydrogenase-mediated cyclization step in the biosynthetic pathway of Euphorbia factors, illustrating the origin of the intramolecular carbon-carbon bonds present in lathyrane and ingenane diterpenoids. This unconventional cyclization describes the ring closure of the macrocyclic diterpene casbene. Through transcriptomic analysis of E. lathyris L. mature seeds and in planta functional characterization, we identified three enzymes involved in the cyclization route from casbene to jolkinol C, a lathyrane diterpene. These enzymes include two cytochromes P450 from the CYP71 clan and an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). CYP71D445 and CYP726A27 catalyze regio-specific 9-oxidation and 5-oxidation of casbene, respectively. When coupled with these P450-catalyzed monooxygenations, E. lathyris ADH1 catalyzes dehydrogenation of the hydroxyl groups, leading to the subsequent rearrangement and cyclization. The discovery of this nonconventional cyclization may provide the key link to complete elucidation of the biosynthetic pathways of ingenol mebutate and other bioactive macrocyclic diterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - Britta Hamberger
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sileshi Gizachew Wubshet
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten T Nielsen
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Johan Andersen-Ranberg
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Center for Synthetic Biology "bioSYNergy," DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Björn M Hallström
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan Royal Institute of Technology, SE-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Federico Cozzi
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - Birger Lindberg Møller
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Center for Synthetic Biology "bioSYNergy," DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Björn Hamberger
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Center for Synthetic Biology "bioSYNergy," DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
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20
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Alemdar S, Hartwig S, Frister T, König JC, Scheper T, Beutel S. Heterologous Expression, Purification, and Biochemical Characterization of α-Humulene Synthase from Zingiber zerumbet Smith. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:474-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1888-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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21
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Madegowda BH, Rameshwaran P, Nagaraju NP, Murthy PS. In-vitroMycological activity of essential oil fromZingiber zerumbetrhizomes. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2015.1079274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Galata M, Sarker LS, Mahmoud SS. Transcriptome profiling, and cloning and characterization of the main monoterpene synthases of Coriandrum sativum L. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 102:64-73. [PMID: 24636455 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Terpenoids are a large and diverse class of specialized metabolites that are essential for the growth and development of plants, and have tremendous industrial applications. The mericarps of Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander) produce an essential oil (EO) rich in monoterpenes, volatile C10 terpenoids. To investigate EO metabolism, the transcriptome of coriander mericarps, at three developmental stages (early, mid, late) was sequenced via Illumina technology and a transcript library was produced. To validate the usability of the transcriptome sequences, two terpene synthase candidate genes, CsγTRPS and CsLINS, encoding 558 and 562 amino acid proteins were expressed in bacteria, and the recombinant proteins purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The 65.16 (CsγTRPS) and 65.91 (CsLINS)kDa recombinant proteins catalyzed the conversion of geranyl diphosphate, the precursor to monoterpenes, to γ-terpinene and (S)-linalool, respectively, with apparent Vmax and Km values of 2.24±0.16 (CsγTRPS); 19.63±1.05 (CsLINS)pkat/mg and 66.25±13 (CsγTRPS); 2.5±0.6 (CsLINS)μM, respectively. Together, CsγTRPS and CsLINS account for the majority of EO constituents in coriander mericarps. Investigation of the coriander transcriptome, and knowledge gained from these experiments will facilitate future studies concerning essential and fatty acid oil production in coriander. They also enable efforts to improve the coriander oils through metabolic engineering or plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Galata
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Lukman S Sarker
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Soheil S Mahmoud
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
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23
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Yang L, Ding G, Lin H, Cheng H, Kong Y, Wei Y, Fang X, Liu R, Wang L, Chen X, Yang C. Transcriptome analysis of medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza and identification of genes related to tanshinone biosynthesis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80464. [PMID: 24260395 PMCID: PMC3834075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a perennial plant of Lamiaceae, accumulates abietane-type diterpenoids of tanshinones in root, which have been used as traditional Chinese medicine to treat neuroasthenic insomnia and cardiovascular diseases. However, to date the biosynthetic pathway of tanshinones is only partially elucidated and the mechanism for their root-specific accumulation remains unknown. To identify enzymes and transcriptional regulators involved in the biosynthesis of tanshinones, we conducted transcriptome profiling of S. miltiorrhiza root and leaf tissues using the 454 GS-FLX pyrosequencing platform, which generated 550,546 and 525,292 reads, respectively. RNA sequencing reads were assembled and clustered into 64,139 unigenes (29,883 isotigs and 34,256 singletons). NCBI non-redundant protein databases (NR) and Swiss-Prot database searches anchored 32,096 unigenes (50%) with functional annotations based on sequence similarities. Further assignments with Gene Ontology (GO) terms and KEGG biochemical pathways identified 168 unigenes referring to the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis (including 144 MEP and MVA pathway genes and 24 terpene synthases). Comparative analysis of the transcriptomes identified 2,863 unigenes that were highly expressed in roots, including those encoding enzymes of early steps of tanshinone biosynthetic pathway, such as copalyl diphosphate synthase (SmCPS), kaurene synthase-like (SmKSL) and CYP76AH1. Other differentially expressed unigenes predicted to be related to tanshinone biosynthesis fall into cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, dehydrogenases and reductases, as well as regulatory factors. In addition, 21 P450 genes were selectively confirmed by real-time PCR. Thus we have generated a large unigene dataset which provides a valuable resource for further investigation of the radix development and biosynthesis of tanshinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China ; National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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24
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Afzal A, Oriqat G, Akram Khan M, Jose J, Afzal M. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Terpenoids fromCurcumaand Related Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/22311866.2013.782757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Yang L, Ding G, Lin H, Cheng H, Kong Y, Wei Y, Fang X, Liu R, Wang L, Chen X, Yang C. Transcriptome analysis of medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza and identification of genes related to tanshinone biosynthesis. PLoS One 2013. [PMID: 24260395 DOI: 10.137/journal.pone.0080464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a perennial plant of Lamiaceae, accumulates abietane-type diterpenoids of tanshinones in root, which have been used as traditional Chinese medicine to treat neuroasthenic insomnia and cardiovascular diseases. However, to date the biosynthetic pathway of tanshinones is only partially elucidated and the mechanism for their root-specific accumulation remains unknown. To identify enzymes and transcriptional regulators involved in the biosynthesis of tanshinones, we conducted transcriptome profiling of S. miltiorrhiza root and leaf tissues using the 454 GS-FLX pyrosequencing platform, which generated 550,546 and 525,292 reads, respectively. RNA sequencing reads were assembled and clustered into 64,139 unigenes (29,883 isotigs and 34,256 singletons). NCBI non-redundant protein databases (NR) and Swiss-Prot database searches anchored 32,096 unigenes (50%) with functional annotations based on sequence similarities. Further assignments with Gene Ontology (GO) terms and KEGG biochemical pathways identified 168 unigenes referring to the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis (including 144 MEP and MVA pathway genes and 24 terpene synthases). Comparative analysis of the transcriptomes identified 2,863 unigenes that were highly expressed in roots, including those encoding enzymes of early steps of tanshinone biosynthetic pathway, such as copalyl diphosphate synthase (SmCPS), kaurene synthase-like (SmKSL) and CYP76AH1. Other differentially expressed unigenes predicted to be related to tanshinone biosynthesis fall into cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, dehydrogenases and reductases, as well as regulatory factors. In addition, 21 P450 genes were selectively confirmed by real-time PCR. Thus we have generated a large unigene dataset which provides a valuable resource for further investigation of the radix development and biosynthesis of tanshinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China ; National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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26
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Molecular cloning and functional characterization of borneol dehydrogenase from the glandular trichomes of Lavandula x intermedia. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 528:163-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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