1
|
Garbuzova Striukova EV, Shramko VS, Kashtanova EV, Polonskaya YV, Stakhneva EM, Kurguzov AV, Murashov IS, Chernyavsky AM, Ragino YI. Adipokine-Cytokine Profile in Patients with Unstable Atherosclerotic Plaques and Abdominal Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108937. [PMID: 37240282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the research was to study the levels of adipokines and their associations with unstable atherosclerotic plaques in patients with coronary atherosclerosis and abdominal obesity (AO). METHODS The study included 145 men aged 38-79 with atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries (CA) and stable angina pectoris II-III FC who were hospitalized for coronary bypass surgery (2011-2022). The final analysis included 116 patients. Notably, 70 men had stable plaques in the CA (of which 44.3% had AO), and 46 men had unstable plaques in the CA (of which 43.5% had AO). Adipocytokine levels were determined using multiplex analysis (Human Metabolic Hormone V3 panel). RESULTS In the subgroup of patients with unstable plaques, patients with AO had a GLP-1 level that was 1.5 times higher and a lipocalin-2 level that was 2.1 times lower, respectively. GLP-1 is direct, and lipocalin-2 is inversely associated with AO in patients with unstable plaques. Among patients with AO, the level of lipocalin-2 in patients with unstable plaques was 2.2 times lower than in patients with stable plaques in the CA. The level of lipocalin-2 was inversely associated with the presence of unstable atherosclerotic plaques in the CA. CONCLUSION GLP-1 is directly associated with AO in patients with unstable atherosclerotic plaques. Lipocalin-2 is inversely associated with unstable atherosclerotic plaques in patients with AO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniia V Garbuzova Striukova
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IIPM-Branch of IC&G SB RAS), B. Bogatkova Str., 175/1, 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Victoriya S Shramko
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IIPM-Branch of IC&G SB RAS), B. Bogatkova Str., 175/1, 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena V Kashtanova
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IIPM-Branch of IC&G SB RAS), B. Bogatkova Str., 175/1, 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yana V Polonskaya
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IIPM-Branch of IC&G SB RAS), B. Bogatkova Str., 175/1, 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M Stakhneva
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IIPM-Branch of IC&G SB RAS), B. Bogatkova Str., 175/1, 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexey V Kurguzov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center named after Academician E.N. Meshalkin" Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rechkunovskaya Str., 15, 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ivan S Murashov
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center named after Academician E.N. Meshalkin" Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rechkunovskaya Str., 15, 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander M Chernyavsky
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "National Medical Research Center named after Academician E.N. Meshalkin" Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rechkunovskaya Str., 15, 630055 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuliya I Ragino
- Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine-Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IIPM-Branch of IC&G SB RAS), B. Bogatkova Str., 175/1, 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Seino Y, Yamazaki Y. Roles of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide in Diet-Induced Obesity. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:1122-1128. [PMID: 35452190 PMCID: PMC9248429 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) are incretins that play an important role in glucose metabolism, by increasing glucose‐induced insulin secretion from pancreatic β‐cells and help regulate bodyweight. Although they show a similar action on glucose‐induced insulin secretion, two incretins are distinct in various aspects. GIP is secreted from enteroendocrine K cell mainly expressed in the upper small intestine, and GLP‐1 is secreted from enteroendocrine L cells mainly expressed in the lower small intestine and colon by the stimulation of various nutrients. The mechanism of GIP secretion induced by nutrients, especially carbohydrates, is different from that of GLP‐1 secretion. GIP promotes fat deposition in adipose tissue, and contributes to fat‐induced obesity. In contrast, GLP‐1 participates in reducing bodyweight by suppressing food consumption and/or slowing gastric emptying. There is substantial evidence that GIP and GLP‐1 might differently contribute to bodyweight control. Although meal contents influence both glycemic and weight control, we do not fully understand whether incretin actions differ depending on the contents of the meal and what kind of signaling is involved in its context. We focus on the molecular mechanism of GIP secretion induced by nutrients, as well as the roles of GIP in weight changes caused by various diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Seino
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamazaki
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kobe, Japan.,Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nasr NE, Sadek KM. Role and mechanism(s) of incretin-dependent therapies for treating diabetes mellitus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:18408-18422. [PMID: 35031999 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide ailment which leads to chronic complications like cardiac disorders, renal perturbations, limb amputation and blindness. Type one diabetes (T1DM), Type two diabetes (T2DM), Another types of diabetes, such as genetic errors in function of β-cell and action of insulin, cystic fibrosis, chemical-instigated diabetes or following tissue transplantation), and pregnancy DM (GDM). In response to nutritional ingestion, the gut may release a pancreatic stimulant that affects carbohydrate metabolism. The duodenum produces a 'chemical excitant' that stimulates pancreatic output, and researchers have sought to cure diabetes using gut extract injections, coining the word 'incretin' to describe the phenomena. Incretins include GIP and GLP-1. The 'enteroinsular axis' is the link between pancreas and intestine. Nutrient, neuronal and hormonal impulses from intestine to cells secreting insulin were thought to be part of this axis. In addition, the hormonal component, incretin, must meet two requirements: (1) it secreted by foods, mainly carbohydrates, and (2) it must induce an insulinotropic effect which is glucose-dependent. In this review, we clarify the ability of using incretin-dependent treatments for treating DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasr E Nasr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Kadry M Sadek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xing C, Zhang J, Zhao H, He B. Effect of Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Mechanisms, Manifestations, Genetics, and Treatment. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:91-105. [PMID: 35140526 PMCID: PMC8818772 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s344542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases causing infertility in women of childbearing age. It is characterized by hyperandrogenemia (HA), chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM). Most women with PCOS have metabolic abnormalities. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), a transport carrier that binds estrogen and androgens and regulates their biological activity, is usually used as an indicator of hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS. Low serum SHBG levels are considered a biomarker of metabolic abnormalities and are associated with insulin resistance (IR), HA, and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism in PCOS patients. SHBG is also related to the long-term prognosis of PCOS, whereas SHBG gene polymorphism is associated with PCOS risk. In addition, the administration of metformin (MET), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), thiazolidinediones (TZDs), compound oral contraceptives (COCs), as well as nutrient supplements such as inositol (MI), vitamin D, and synbiotics can regulate SHBG levels to ameliorate PCOS complications and improve prognosis. This review focuses on the interaction between SHBG and various PCOS complications as well as the regulation of SHBG by various drugs and nutrients and its therapeutic effects on PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xing
- The First Department of Endocrine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- The First Department of Endocrine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhao
- The First Department of Endocrine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing He
- The First Department of Endocrine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kubota S, Yabe D. Elevation of Fasting GLP-1 Levels in Child and Adolescent Obesity: Friend or Foe? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e3778-e3780. [PMID: 33950185 PMCID: PMC8372656 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have been gaining much attention as a therapeutic approach to type 2 diabetes and obesity. Stinson et al recently reported that fasting GLP-1 is higher in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity and that it associates with cardiometabolic risk factors in a cross-sectional study comprising more than 4000 subjects. Obvious questions include why fasting GLP-1 is significantly increased in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity and why this is correlated with cardiometabolic risks. It has been shown that the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) stimulates GLP-1 secretion from pancreatic α-cells. IL-6-induced GLP-1 secretion could therefore play a role in expanding the β-cell reservoir in compensation for increased insulin needs due to exacerbation of insulin resistance. On the other hand, augmented GLP-1 secretion leads to increased insulin secretion, thereby enhancing hepatic lipogenesis and stimulating adipogenesis, which might underlie the associations of fasting GLP-1 with % body fat, triglycerides, and alanine aminotransferase. It is also possible that GLP-1 levels are naturally increased to oppose body weight gain to maintain body weight. However, it is important to note the differing biological effects of GLP-1 at physiological and pharmacological levels, which are evident in body weight reduction by GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors. The Stinson study clearly demonstrated that fasting GLP-1 associates with overweight/obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. However, additional experiments need to be carried out to fully understand the relevance of these observations to human disease and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sodai Kubota
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Department of Reumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yabe
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Department of Reumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
- Division of Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
- Correspondence: Daisuke Yabe, MD, PhD, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism/Department of Reumatology and Clinical Immunology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501–1194, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stinson SE, Jonsson AE, Lund MAV, Frithioff-Bøjsøe C, Aas Holm L, Pedersen O, Ängquist L, Sørensen TIA, Holst JJ, Christiansen M, Holm JC, Hartmann B, Hansen T. Fasting Plasma GLP-1 Is Associated With Overweight/Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:1718-1727. [PMID: 33596309 PMCID: PMC8118577 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The importance of fasting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in altered metabolic outcomes has been questioned. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to assess whether fasting GLP-1 differs in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity compared to a population-based reference, and whether concentrations predict cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors. METHODS Analyses were based on The Danish Childhood Obesity Data- and Biobank, a cross-sectional study including children and adolescents, aged 6 to 19 years, from an obesity clinic group (n = 1978) and from a population-based group (n = 2334). Fasting concentrations of plasma total GLP-1 and quantitative CMR factors were assessed. The effects of GLP-1 as a predictor of CMR risk outcomes were examined by multiple linear and logistic regression modeling. RESULTS The obesity clinic group had higher fasting GLP-1 concentrations (median 3.3 pmol/L; interquartile range, 2.3-4.3 pmol/L) than the population-based group (2.8 pmol/L; interquartile range, 2.1-3.8 pmol/L; P < 2.2E-16). Body mass index SD score (SDS), waist circumference, and total body fat percentage were significant predictors of fasting GLP-1 concentrations in boys and girls. Fasting GLP-1 concentrations were positively associated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, fasting values of insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, C-peptide, triglycerides, alanine transaminase (ALT), glycated hemoglobin A1c, and SDS of diastolic and systolic blood pressure. A 1-SD increase in fasting GLP-1 was associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance (odds ratio [OR] 1.59), dyslipidemia (OR 1.16), increased ALT (OR 1.14), hyperglycemia (OR 1.12) and hypertension (OR 1.12). CONCLUSION Overweight/obesity in children and adolescents is associated with increased fasting plasma total GLP-1 concentrations, which was predictive of higher CMR factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Stinson
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Anna E Jonsson
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Morten A V Lund
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Christine Frithioff-Bøjsøe
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Louise Aas Holm
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Lars Ängquist
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Michael Christiansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Jens-Christian Holm
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Bolette Hartmann
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
- Correspondence: Torben Hansen, MD, PhD, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abdalla MA, Deshmukh H, Atkin S, Sathyapalan T. The potential role of incretin-based therapies for polycystic ovary syndrome: a narrative review of the current evidence. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2021; 12:2042018821989238. [PMID: 33552465 PMCID: PMC7844452 DOI: 10.1177/2042018821989238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Metabolic consequences associated with PCOS include, but are not limited to, insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential therapeutic roles of the incretin-based therapies in the management of PCOS. METHODS We performed a systematic search of databases including PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE up to 1 October 2020. We developed a search string of medical subject headings (MeSH) including the terms PCOS, incretin mimetics, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor antagonists (GLP-1 RAs), liraglutide, exenatide, semaglutide, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, combined with IR, testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). RESULTS We identified 854 relevant articles and, after the initial screening, eight interventional animal studies, one observational animal study, 14 interventional human studies, two case-control studies and one systematic review were included. These studies showed the potential significant roles of GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4 inhibitors in the management of PCOS, with significant improvements in the metabolic parameters, including substantial weight reduction and improved insulin sensitivity. These agents also improved the hormonal parameters through decreased free androgen and increased SHBG. Moreover, they improved menstrual regularity, increased fertility with enhanced ovulation and pregnancy in obese women with PCOS. CONCLUSION GLP-1 RAs and DPP-4 inhibitors have a promising therapeutic role in PCOS; however, larger clinical trials are needed to establish the role of incretin-based therapies in the management of PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Altigani Abdalla
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Harshal Deshmukh
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Stephen Atkin
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, RCSI Medical University of Bahrain, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Heuvelman VD, Van Raalte DH, Smits MM. Cardiovascular effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists: from mechanistic studies in humans to clinical outcomes. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:916-930. [PMID: 31825468 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently one of the most prevalent diseases, with as many as 415 million patients worldwide. T2DM is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and is often accompanied by several comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease. Treatment of T2DM is focused on reducing glucose levels by either lifestyle changes or medical treatment. One treatment option for T2DM is based on the gut-derived hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 reduces blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin secretion, however, it is rapidly degraded, and thereby losing its glycaemic effect. GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are immune to degradation, prolonging the glycaemic effect. Lately, GLP-1RAs have spiked the interest of researchers and clinicians due to their beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. Preclinical and clinical data have demonstrated that GLP-1 receptors are abundantly present in the heart and that stimulation of these receptors by GLP-1 has several effects. In this review, we will discuss the effects of GLP-1RA on heart rate, blood pressure, microvascular function, lipids, and inflammation, as measured in human mechanistic studies, and suggest how these effects may translate into the improved cardiovascular outcomes as demonstrated in several trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie D Heuvelman
- Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, Room ZH 4A72, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniël H Van Raalte
- Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, Room ZH 4A72, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark M Smits
- Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, Room ZH 4A72, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
A Review of Recent Findings on Meal Sequence: An Attractive Dietary Approach to Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092502. [PMID: 32825124 PMCID: PMC7551485 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While adjustment of total energy and nutritional balance is critically important, meal sequence, a relatively simple method of correcting postprandial hyperglycemia, is becoming established as a practical dietary approach for prevention and management of diabetes and obesity. Meal sequence, i.e., consumption of protein and/or fat before carbohydrate, promotes secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from the gut and ameliorates secretions of insulin and glucagon and delays gastric emptying, thereby improving postprandial glucose excursion. GLP-1 is known to suppress appetite by acting on the hypothalamus via the afferent vagus nerve. Thus, enhancement of GLP-1 secretion by meal sequence is expected to reduce body weight. Importantly, consumption of a diet rich in saturated fatty acids such as meat dishes before carbohydrate increases secretions of not only GLP-1 but also glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which promotes energy storage in adipose tissue and may lead to weight gain in the long term. Dietary fiber intake before carbohydrate intake significantly reduces postprandial glucose elevation and may have a weight loss effect, but this dietary strategy does not enhance the secretion of GLP-1. Thus, it is suggested that their combination may have additive effects on postprandial glucose excursion and body weight. Indeed, results of some clinical research supports the idea that ingesting dietary fiber together with meal sequence of protein and/or fat before carbohydrate benefits metabolic conditions of individuals with diabetes and obesity.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lindgren O, Ahrén B. Consequences on islet and incretin hormone responses to dinner by omission of lunch in healthy men. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2020; 3:e00141. [PMID: 32704562 PMCID: PMC7375076 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omission of breakfast results in higher glucose and lower insulin and incretin hormone levels after both lunch and dinner. Whether omission of lunch has a similar impact on the following meal is not known. AIM This study therefore explored whether omission of lunch ingestion affects glucose, islet and incretin hormones after dinner ingestion in healthy subjects. MATERIALS & METHODS Twelve male volunteers (mean age 22 years, BMI 22.5 kg/m2) underwent two test days in random order with standard breakfast and dinner on both days with provision or omission of standard lunch in between. RESULTS The results showed that throughout the 300 minutes study period, glucose, insulin, glucagon and GIP levels after dinner ingestion did not differ between the two tests. In contrast, C-peptide, and GLP-1 levels were 26%-35% higher at later time points after dinner ingestion when lunch had been omitted (P < .05). CONCLUSION We conclude that omission of lunch increases GLP-1 and insulin secretion and possibly also insulin clearance resulting in unchanged glucose and insulin levels after dinner ingestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ola Lindgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences LundLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Bo Ahrén
- Department of Clinical Sciences LundLund UniversityLundSweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hutch CR, Roelofs K, Haller A, Sorrell J, Leix K, D'Alessio DD, Augustin R, Seeley RJ, Klein T, Sandoval DA. The role of GIP and pancreatic GLP-1 in the glucoregulatory effect of DPP-4 inhibition in mice. Diabetologia 2019; 62:1928-1937. [PMID: 31414143 PMCID: PMC6732043 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4963-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are two peptides that function to promote insulin secretion. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors increase the bioavailability of both GLP-1 and GIP but the dogma continues to be that it is the increase in GLP-1 that contributes to the improved glucose homeostasis. We have previously demonstrated that pancreatic rather than intestinal GLP-1 is necessary for improvements in glucose homeostasis in mice. Therefore, we hypothesise that a combination of pancreatic GLP-1 and GIP is necessary for the full effect of DPP-4 inhibitors on glucose homeostasis. METHODS We have genetically engineered mouse lines in which the preproglucagon gene (Gcg) is absent in the entire body (GcgRAΔNull) or is expressed exclusively in the intestine (GcgRAΔVilCre) or pancreas and duodenum (GcgRAΔPDX1Cre). These mice were used to examine oral glucose tolerance and GLP-1 and GIP responses to a DPP-4 inhibitor alone, or in combination with incretin receptor antagonists. RESULTS Administration of the DPP-4 inhibitor, linagliptin, improved glucose tolerance in GcgRAΔNull mice and control littermates and in GcgRAΔVilCre and GcgRAΔPDX1Cre mice. The potent GLP-1 receptor antagonist, exendin-[9-39] (Ex9), blunted improvements in glucose tolerance in linagliptin-treated control mice and in GcgRAΔPDX1Cre mice. Ex9 had no effect on glucose tolerance in linagliptin-treated GcgRAΔNull or in GcgRAΔVilCre mice. In addition to GLP-1, linagliptin also increased postprandial plasma levels of GIP to a similar degree in all genotypes. When linagliptin was co-administered with a GIP-antagonising antibody, the impact of linagliptin was partially blunted in wild-type mice and was fully blocked in GcgRAΔNull mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Taken together, these data suggest that increases in pancreatic GLP-1 and GIP are necessary for the full effect of DPP-4 inhibitors on glucose tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea R Hutch
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Karen Roelofs
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - April Haller
- Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joyce Sorrell
- Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kyle Leix
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - David D D'Alessio
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert Augustin
- Cardiometabolic Diseases Research (Biberach), Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Randy J Seeley
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Thomas Klein
- Cardiometabolic Diseases Research (Biberach), Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Darleen A Sandoval
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yabe D, Kuwata H, Seino Y. The journey to understanding incretin systems: Theory, practice and more theory. J Diabetes Investig 2019; 10:1171-1173. [PMID: 31361402 PMCID: PMC6717807 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating clinical data on incretin-based dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the past decade have clearly confirmed their safety and efficacy as antidiabetes drugs. However, the journey to understand the incretin system and its role in health and disease continues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yabe
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.,Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kuwata
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kobe, Japan.,Center for Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.,Center for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Seino
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kobe, Japan.,Center for Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Angarita Dávila L, Bermúdez V, Aparicio D, Céspedes V, Escobar MC, Durán-Agüero S, Cisternas S, de Assis Costa J, Rojas-Gómez D, Reyna N, López-Miranda J. Effect of Oral Nutritional Supplements with Sucromalt and Isomaltulose versus Standard Formula on Glycaemic Index, Entero-Insular Axis Peptides and Subjective Appetite in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Cross-Over Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1477. [PMID: 31261732 PMCID: PMC6683048 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral diabetes-specific nutritional supplements (ONS-D) induce favourable postprandial responses in subjects with type 2 diabetes (DM2), but they have not been correlated yet with incretin release and subjective appetite (SA). This randomised, double-blind, cross-over study compared postprandial effects of ONS-D with isomaltulose and sucromalt versus standard formula (ET) on glycaemic index (GI), insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and SA in 16 individuals with DM2. After overnight fasting, subjects consumed a portion of supplements containing 25 g of carbohydrates or reference food. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min; and SA sensations were assessed by a visual analogue scale on separate days. Glycaemic index values were low for ONS-D and intermediate for ET (p < 0.001). The insulin area under the curve (AUC0-180 min) (p < 0.02) and GIP AUC (p < 0.02) were lower after ONS-D and higher GLP-1 AUC when compared with ET (p < 0.05). Subjective appetite AUC was greater after ET than ONS-D (p < 0.05). Interactions between hormones, hunger, fullness and GI were found, but not within the ratings of SA; isomaltulose and sucromalt may have influenced these factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisse Angarita Dávila
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción 4260000, Chile.
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080003, Colombia
| | - Daniel Aparicio
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas "Dr. Félix Gómez", Escuela de Medicina. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Virginia Céspedes
- Departamento de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Ma Cristina Escobar
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción 4260000, Chile
| | - Samuel Durán-Agüero
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Silvana Cisternas
- Escuela de Salud, Universidad Tecnológica de Chile, INACAP, Sede Concepción, Talcahuano 4260000, Chile
| | - Jorge de Assis Costa
- Faculty of Medicine/UniFAGOC, Ubá 36506-022, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), Barbacena 36202-284, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Diana Rojas-Gómez
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370321, Chile
| | - Nadia Reyna
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas "Dr. Félix Gómez", Escuela de Medicina. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela
| | - Jose López-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research in Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gasbjerg LS, Helsted MM, Hartmann B, Jensen MH, Gabe MBN, Sparre-Ulrich AH, Veedfald S, Stensen S, Lanng AR, Bergmann NC, Christensen MB, Vilsbøll T, Holst JJ, Rosenkilde MM, Knop FK. Separate and Combined Glucometabolic Effects of Endogenous Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide and Glucagon-like Peptide 1 in Healthy Individuals. Diabetes 2019; 68:906-917. [PMID: 30626611 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The incretin hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) are secreted postprandially and contribute importantly to postprandial glucose tolerance. In this study, we assessed the individual and combined contributions of endogenous GIP and GLP-1 to the postprandial changes in glucose and glucoregulatory hormones using the novel GIP receptor antagonist GIP(3-30)NH2 and the well-established GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin(9-39)NH2 During 4-h oral glucose tolerance tests (75 g) combined with an ad libitum meal test, 18 healthy men received on four separate days in randomized, double-blinded order intravenous infusions of A) GIP(3-30)NH2 (800 pmol/kg/min) plus exendin(9-39)NH2 (0-20 min: 1,000 pmol/kg/min; 20-240 min: 450 pmol/kg/min), B) GIP(3-30)NH2, C) exendin(9-39)NH2, and D) saline, respectively. Glucose excursions were significantly higher during A than during B, C, and D, while glucose excursions during B were higher than during C and D. Insulin secretion (assessed by C-peptide/glucose ratio) was reduced by 37 ± 16% (A), 30 ± 17% (B), and 8.6 ± 16% (C) compared with D (mean ± SD). A and C resulted in higher glucagon levels and faster gastric emptying. In conclusion, endogenous GIP affects postprandial plasma glucose excursions and insulin secretion more than endogenous GLP-1, but the hormones contribute additively to postprandial glucose regulation in healthy individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lærke S Gasbjerg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads M Helsted
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Bolette Hartmann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette H Jensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Antag Therapeutics ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria B N Gabe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander H Sparre-Ulrich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Antag Therapeutics ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon Veedfald
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Stensen
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amalie R Lanng
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Natasha C Bergmann
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Zealand Pharma A/S, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Mikkel B Christensen
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina Vilsbøll
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filip K Knop
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mohiuddin MS, Himeno T, Inoue R, Miura-Yura E, Yamada Y, Nakai-Shimoda H, Asano S, Kato M, Motegi M, Kondo M, Seino Y, Tsunekawa S, Kato Y, Suzuki A, Naruse K, Kato K, Nakamura J, Kamiya H. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Protects Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons against Oxidative Insult. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:9426014. [PMID: 30918901 PMCID: PMC6408997 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9426014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is one of the most prevalent diabetic complications. We previously demonstrated that exendin-4 (Ex4), a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), has beneficial effects in animal models of DPN. We hypothesized that GLP-1 signaling would protect neurons of the peripheral nervous system from oxidative insult in DPN. Here, the therapeutic potential of GLP-1RAs on DPN was investigated in depth using the cellular oxidative insult model applied to the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuronal cell line. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Immortalized DRG neuronal 50B11 cells were cultured with and without hydrogen peroxide in the presence or absence of Ex4 or GLP-1(7-37). Cytotoxicity and viability were determined using a lactate dehydrogenase assay and MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium inner salt), respectively. Antioxidant enzyme activity was evaluated using a superoxide dismutase assay. Alteration of neuronal characteristics of 50B11 cells induced by GLP-1RAs was evaluated with immunocytochemistry utilizing antibodies for transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1, substance P, and calcitonin gene-related peptide. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were also examined by ethynyl deoxyuridine incorporation assay and APOPercentage dye, respectively. The neurite projection ratio induced by treatment with GLP-1RAs was counted. Intracellular activation of adenylate cyclase/cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling was also quantified after treatment with GLP-1RAs. RESULTS Neither Ex4 nor GLP-1(7-37) demonstrated cytotoxicity in the cells. An MTS assay revealed that GLP-1RAs amended impaired cell viability induced by oxidative insult in 50B11 cells. GLP-1RAs activated superoxide dismutase. GLP-1RAs induced no alteration of the distribution pattern in neuronal markers. Ex4 rescued the cells from oxidative insult-induced apoptosis. GLP-1RAs suppressed proliferation and promoted neurite projections. No GLP-1RAs induced an accumulation of cAMP. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that GLP-1RAs have neuroprotective potential which is achieved by their direct actions on DRG neurons. Beneficial effects of GLP-1RAs on DPN could be related to these direct actions on DRG neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sarif Mohiuddin
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Tatsuhito Himeno
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Rieko Inoue
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Emiri Miura-Yura
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yamada
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nakai-Shimoda
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Saeko Asano
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Makoto Kato
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Mikio Motegi
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Masaki Kondo
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yusuke Seino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shin Tsunekawa
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Kato
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Keiko Naruse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Department of Medicine, Aichi Gakuin University School of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jiro Nakamura
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Hideki Kamiya
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tasyurek HM, Altunbas HA, Balci MK, Griffith TS, Sanlioglu S. Therapeutic Potential of Lentivirus-Mediated Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Gene Therapy for Diabetes. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 29:802-815. [PMID: 29409356 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Postprandial glucose-induced insulin secretion from the islets of Langerhans is facilitated by glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-a metabolic hormone with insulinotropic properties. Among the variety of effects it mediates, GLP-1 induces delta cell secretion of somatostatin, inhibits alpha cell release of glucagon, reduces gastric emptying, and slows food intake. These events collectively contribute to weight loss over time. During type 2 diabetes (T2DM), however, the incretin response to glucose is reduced and accompanied by a moderate reduction in GLP-1 secretion. To compensate for the reduced incretin effect, a human immunodeficiency virus-based lentiviral vector was generated to deliver DNA encoding human GLP-1 (LentiGLP-1), and the anti-diabetic efficacy of LentiGLP-1 was tested in a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced model of T2DM. Therapeutic administration of LentiGLP-1 reduced blood glucose levels in obese diabetic Sprague Dawley rats, along with improving insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Normoglycemia was correlated with increased blood GLP-1 and pancreatic beta cell regeneration in LentiGLP-1-treated rats. Plasma triglyceride levels were also normalized after LentiGLP-1 injection. Collectively, these data suggest the clinical potential of GLP-1 gene transfer therapy for the treatment of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hale M Tasyurek
- 1 Human Gene and Cell Therapy Center of Akdeniz University Hospitals , Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hasan Ali Altunbas
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Balci
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Thomas S Griffith
- 3 Department of Urology, University of Minnesota , School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Salih Sanlioglu
- 1 Human Gene and Cell Therapy Center of Akdeniz University Hospitals , Antalya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Koopman ADM, Rutters F, Rauh SP, Nijpels G, Holst JJ, Beulens JW, Alssema M, Dekker JM. Incretin responses to oral glucose and mixed meal tests and changes in fasting glucose levels during 7 years of follow-up: The Hoorn Meal Study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191114. [PMID: 29324870 PMCID: PMC5764355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted the first prospective observational study in which we examined the association between incretin responses to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and mixed meal test (MMT) at baseline and changes in fasting glucose levels 7 years later, in individuals who were non-diabetic at baseline. We used data from the Hoorn Meal Study; a population-based cohort study among 121 subjects, aged 61.0±6.7y. GIP and GLP-1 responses were determined at baseline and expressed as total and incremental area under the curve (tAUC and iAUC). The association between incretin response at baseline and changes in fasting glucose levels was assessed using linear regression. The average change in glucose over 7 years was 0.43 ± 0.5 mmol/l. For GIP, no significant associations were observed with changes in fasting glucose levels. In contrast, participants within the middle and highest tertile of GLP-1 iAUC responses to OGTT had significantly smaller increases (actually decreases) in fasting glucose levels; -0.28 (95% confidence interval: -0.54;-0.01) mmol/l and -0.39 (-0.67;-0.10) mmol/l, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertile. The same trend was observed for tAUC GLP-1 following OGTT (highest tertile: -0.32 (0.61;-0.04) mmol/l as compared to the lowest tertile). No significant associations were observed for GLP-1 responses following MMT. In conclusion, within our non-diabetic population-based cohort, a low GLP-1 response to OGTT was associated with a steeper increase in fasting glucose levels during 7 years of follow-up. This suggests that a reduced GLP-1 response precedes glucose deterioration and may play a role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. D. M. Koopman
- EMGO+ Institute for health and care research, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - F. Rutters
- EMGO+ Institute for health and care research, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S. P. Rauh
- EMGO+ Institute for health and care research, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G. Nijpels
- EMGO+ Institute for health and care research, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of General Practice & Elderly Care medicine, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J. J. Holst
- NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Biomedical Sciences, the Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. W. Beulens
- EMGO+ Institute for health and care research, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M. Alssema
- EMGO+ Institute for health and care research, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, the Netherlands
| | - J. M. Dekker
- EMGO+ Institute for health and care research, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|