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Shavit Y, Tepper S, Teodorescu K. Exploring culinary diversity to enhance Mediterranean diet adherence: A randomized controlled trial. Appetite 2024; 201:107597. [PMID: 38972638 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
We Investigated how promoting diverse, healthy food options affects long-term dietary choices. We hypothesized that encouraging exploration of nutritious plant-based foods would lead to lasting improvements in diet. Participants (N = 211) were randomly assigned into two groups for a 6-week intervention: The fixed menu group was given the same large menu every week, while the changing menu group received a new small menu each week. At the end of the intervention both groups were exposed to the same menu suggestions. Food diversity evaluation was based on weekly reports collected during the intervention. Self-reported adherence to Mediterranean diet components was assessed using the I-MEDAS screener. The proportion of plant-based foods in participants' diets was estimated using a 0-100% scale based on self-report. Both items were evaluated using online questionnaires given to participants at baseline, at the end of the intervention, as well as three and six months after the intervention concluded. Results mean(SD) demonstrated that participants in fixed menu group explored a significantly wider array of items 26.33(11.64) than those in the changing menus group [19.79(10.29), t(202) = 4.25, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.60]. A repeated measures analysis of covariance rmANCOVA revealed that short-term increase in I-MEDAS and PBD score were noted in both groups; however, only participants with the fixed menu sustained this increase at months follow-up [diff = 1.50, t(132) = 4.50, p < 0.001 Our findings suggest that manipulating the rate of exposure to food suggestions may affect overall dietary variety. It seems that early presentation with options may increase overall dietary variety and may even support longer-term habits. This study contributes to developing effective interventions and highlights the challenge of promoting exploratory behavior in nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Shavit
- Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Israel.
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Umeda T, Sakai A, Shigemori K, Nakata K, Nakajima R, Yamana K, Tomiyama T. New Value of Acorus tatarinowii/ gramineus Leaves as a Dietary Source for Dementia Prevention. Nutrients 2024; 16:1589. [PMID: 38892521 PMCID: PMC11175135 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii Schott and Acorus gramineus Solander are widely used for treating amnesia in traditional Chinese medicine. In contrast, their leaves are usually discarded without their medicinal properties being known. Here, we found that the hot water extract of leaves improved cognition and tau pathology in model mice of frontotemporal dementia, similar to or even better than that of rhizomes. To explore the optimal method of processing, we made three preparations from dried leaves: hot water extract, extraction residue, and non-extracted simple crush powder. Among them, the simple crush powder had the strongest effect on tauopathy in mice. The crush powder also ameliorated Aβ and α-synuclein pathologies and restored cognition in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. These findings suggest the potential of Acorus tatarinowii/gramineus leaves as a dietary source for dementia prevention and reveal that simple crushing is a better way to maximize their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Umeda
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (T.U.)
- Cerebro Pharma Inc., 4-5-6-3F Minamikyuhojimachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0058, Japan
| | - Ayumi Sakai
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (T.U.)
- Cerebro Pharma Inc., 4-5-6-3F Minamikyuhojimachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0058, Japan
| | - Keiko Shigemori
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (T.U.)
| | - Kunio Nakata
- NOMON Co., Ltd., New Business Development Unit, Teijin Ltd., Kasumigaseki Common Gate West Tower 3-2-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8585, Japan; (K.N.); (R.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Ryota Nakajima
- NOMON Co., Ltd., New Business Development Unit, Teijin Ltd., Kasumigaseki Common Gate West Tower 3-2-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8585, Japan; (K.N.); (R.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kei Yamana
- NOMON Co., Ltd., New Business Development Unit, Teijin Ltd., Kasumigaseki Common Gate West Tower 3-2-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8585, Japan; (K.N.); (R.N.); (K.Y.)
| | - Takami Tomiyama
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (T.U.)
- Cerebro Pharma Inc., 4-5-6-3F Minamikyuhojimachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0058, Japan
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Meng Q, Chen C, Zhu M, Huang Y. Dietary factors and Alzheimer's disease risk: a Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:261. [PMID: 38698427 PMCID: PMC11067192 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior observational research has investigated the association between dietary patterns and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Nevertheless, due to constraints in past observational studies, establishing a causal link between dietary habits and AD remains challenging. METHODS Methodology involved the utilization of extensive cohorts sourced from publicly accessible genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets of European descent for conducting Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. The principal analytical technique utilized was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. RESULTS The MR analysis conducted in this study found no statistically significant causal association between 20 dietary habits and the risk of AD (All p > 0.05). These results were consistent across various MR methods employed, including MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode approaches. Moreover, there was no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy detected (All p > 0.05). CONCLUSION In this MR analysis, our finding did not provide evidence to support the causal genetic relationships between dietary habits and AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Meng
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Street, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Street, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Mingfang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Street, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, 7 Weiwu Street, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
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Feng Y, Wang J, Zhang R, Wang Y, Wang J, Meng H, Cheng H, Zhang J. Mediterranean diet related to 3-year incidence of cognitive decline: results from a cohort study in Chinese rural elders. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38598413 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2336715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MeDi) on cognitive decline among the Chinese elderly with a 3-year follow-up. METHODS This study is divided into two waves: wave-1 January 2019 to June 2019 (n = 2313); wave-2 January 2022 to March 2022 (n = 1648). MeDi scores were calculated from the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), with the scoring of low compliance (0-6 points) and high compliance (7-14 points). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function. An MMSE score dropping ≥ 2 points from baseline was defined as cognitive decline. The relationships between MeDi score and cognitive decline were analyzed by linear regression models or Binary logistic regression. RESULTS During the 3-year follow-up, 23.8% of patients exhibited cognitive decline. The study revealed a significant difference in MMSE score changes between low and high MeDi adherence groups (p < 0.001). MeDi score was negatively correlated with cognitive deterioration (β = -0.020, p = 0.026). MeDi score was only negatively associated with cognitive decline in the female subgroup aged ≥65 years (β = -0.034, p = 0.033). The food beans (OR = 0.65, 95%CI:0.51, 0.84), fish (OR = 0.72, 95%CI:0.54, 0.97), and cooked vegetables (OR = 0.68, 95%CI:0.53, 0.84) were protective factors for cognitive decline. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that greater adherence to the MeDi is linked to a reduced risk of cognitive decline in elderly people. However, this is found only in women who are 65 years old or older. It also found long-term adherence to beans, fish, and vegetables are more effective in improving cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Feng
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Department of General Practice Medicine, Hospital of Gansu Health Vocational College, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhua Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Meng
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Cheng
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juxia Zhang
- Clinical Educational Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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Morgan AE, Mc Auley MT. Vascular dementia: From pathobiology to emerging perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102278. [PMID: 38513772 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia. VaD is synonymous with ageing, and its symptoms place a significant burden on the health and wellbeing of older people. Despite the identification of a substantial number of risk factors for VaD, the pathological mechanisms underpinning this disease remain to be fully elucidated. Consequently, a biogerontological imperative exists to highlight the modifiable lifestyle factors which can mitigate against the risk of developing VaD. This review will critically examine some of the factors which have been revealed to modulate VaD risk. The survey commences by providing an overview of the putative mechanisms which are associated with the pathobiology of VaD. Next, the factors which influence the risk of developing VaD are examined. Finally, emerging treatment avenues including epigenetics, the gut microbiome, and pro-longevity pharmaceuticals are discussed. By drawing this key evidence together, it is our hope that it can be used to inform future experimental investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Elizabeth Morgan
- School of Health and Sports Sciences, Hope Park, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool L16 9JD, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark Tomás Mc Auley
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford Manchester, Salford M5 4NT, United Kingdom
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Ayala-Garcia A, Soldevila-Domenech N, Yi SY, de la Torre R, Steffen LM. Diet patterns associated with cognitive decline: methods to harmonize data from European and US cohort studies. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1379531. [PMID: 38577153 PMCID: PMC10992460 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1379531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of dietary intake on cognitive outcomes and dementia prevention is a topic of increasing interest. Meta-analyses of observational studies, mostly conducted within US and European populations, have reported benefits of healthy diet patterns on cognitive performance, but results from individual studies have been inconsistent. These inconsistencies are likely due to the diverse methodology used in studies, including different diet and cognitive function assessment instruments, follow-up periods, and analytical methods, which make drawing conclusions relevant to dietary guidance challenging. The objective of this project is to describe a protocol to conduct a retrospective harmonization study on dietary intake and cognitive health using data from European and US studies. The recommendations resulting from the project can be used to support evidence-based synthesis for future iterations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans or other population-based dietary guidance. Additionally, this study will serve as a harmonization guide for future research on the relationship between diet patterns and cognition. The approach outlined ultimately aims to optimize resources and expedite research efforts for dementia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaia Ayala-Garcia
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (HMRI), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Soldevila-Domenech
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (HMRI), Barcelona, Spain
| | - So-Yun Yi
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (HMRI), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lyn M. Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Mamalaki E, Charisis S, Mourtzi N, Hatzimanolis A, Ntanasi E, Kosmidis MH, Constantinides VC, Pantes G, Kolovou D, Dardiotis E, Hadjigeorgiou G, Sakka P, Gu Y, Yannakoulia M, Scarmeas N. Genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease and adherence to the Mediterranean diet: results from the HELIAD study. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:289-299. [PMID: 36961750 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2187952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Obejctives: The aim of the current study was to investigate whether genetic risk factors may moderate the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and AD incidence.Mehtods: The sample was drawn from the HELIAD study, a longitudinal study with a follow-up interval of 3 years. In total 537 older adults without dementia or AD at baseline were included. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed at baseline and AD diagnosis was determined at both visits. A Polygenic Index for late onset AD (PGI-AD) was constructed. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, education, baseline Global cognition score and APOE e-4 genotype were employed to evaluate the association between PGI-AD and Mediterranean diet with AD incidence. Next, we examined the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and AD risk over time across participants stratified by low and high PGI-AD.Results: Twenty-eight participants developed AD at follow-up. In fully adjusted models both the PGI-AD and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet were associated with AD risk (p < 0.05 for both). In the low PGI-AD group, those with a low adherence had a 10-fold higher risk of developing AD per year of follow-up, than did the participants with a high adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p = 0.011), whereas no such association was found for participants in the high PGI-AD group.Discussion: The association of Mediterranean diet with AD risk is more prominent in the group of older adults with a low polygenic risk for developing AD. Our findings suggest that genetic risk factors should be taken into account when planning interventions aiming to improve cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Mamalaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- 1st Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Sokratis Charisis
- 1st Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Niki Mourtzi
- 1st Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Hatzimanolis
- Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Neurobiology Research Institute, Theodor-Theohari Cozzika Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- 1st Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasilios C Constantinides
- 1st Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Pantes
- 1st Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Kolovou
- 1st Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Marousi, Greece
| | - Yian Gu
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Ghisletta P. On some challenges of psychological research in late adulthood and aging. Curr Opin Psychol 2024; 55:101745. [PMID: 38056404 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The World population is aging and, consequently, understanding late adulthood and aging processes is a major scientific priority. Research in this segment of the life is particularly challenging: the lifespan approach, necessary for thorough aging investigations, implies theoretical multidisciplinary and methodological multivariate perspectives; variability during aging is particularly high compared to previous life phases; study designs must account for specific predicaments (such as confound between age, cohort, and time of measurement; selective study participation and attrition; assumed age-invariance of measurements; retest effects). Furthermore, promising methods for data analysis develop on a daily basis, requiring continuous technical training. I will discuss some of these challenges, summarize extant potential solutions, and touch on some ethical and broader social responsibility issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ghisletta
- University of Geneva, Switzerland; UniDistance Suisse, Brig, Switzerland.
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McEvoy CT, Jennings A, Steves CJ, Macgregor A, Spector T, Cassidy A. Diet patterns and cognitive performance in a UK Female Twin Registry (TwinsUK). Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:17. [PMID: 38263271 PMCID: PMC10804649 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based diets may provide protection against cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease, but observational data have not been consistent. Previous studies include early life confounding from socioeconomic conditions and genetics that are known to influence both cognitive performance and diet behaviour. This study investigated associations between Mediterranean (MED) diet and MIND diets and cognitive performance accounting for shared genotype and early-life environmental exposures in female twins. METHODS Diet scores were examined in 509 female twins enrolled in TwinsUK study. The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery was used to assess cognition at baseline and 10 years later (in n = 275). A co-twin case-control study for discordant monozygotic (MZ) twins examined effects of diet on cognitive performance independent of genetic factors. Differences in relative abundance of taxa at 10-year follow-up were explored in subsamples. RESULTS Each 1-point increase in MIND or MED diet score was associated with 1.75 (95% CI: - 2.96, - 0.54, p = 0.005 and q = 0.11) and 1.67 (95% CI: - 2.71, - 0.65, p = 0.002 and q = 0.02) fewer respective errors in paired-associates learning. Within each MZ pair, the twin with the high diet score had better preservation in spatial span especially for MED diet (p = 0.02). There were no differences between diet scores and 10-year change in the other cognitive tests. MIND diet adherence was associated with higher relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 (0.30% (95% CI 0.17, 0.62), q = 0.05) which was also associated with less decline in global cognition over 10 years (0.22 (95% CI 0.06, 0.39), p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS MIND or MED diets could help to preserve some cognitive abilities in midlife, particularly episodic and visuospatial working memory. Effects may be mediated by high dietary fibre content and increased abundance of short-chain fatty acid producing gut bacteria. Longer follow-up with repeated measures of cognition will determine whether diet can influence changes in cognition occurring in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire T McEvoy
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
- The Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- The Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences B, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT12 6BJ, UK.
| | - Amy Jennings
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Campus, London, UK
| | | | - Tim Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Campus, London, UK
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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De Marchi F, Vignaroli F, Mazzini L, Comi C, Tondo G. New Insights into the Relationship between Nutrition and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: Preventive and Therapeutic Perspectives. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:614-627. [PMID: 37291780 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230608110201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive brain disorders characterized by inexorable synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss. Since the most consistent risk factor for developing neurodegenerative diseases is aging, the prevalence of these disorders is intended to increase with increasing life expectancy. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of neurodegenerative dementia, representing a significant medical, social, and economic burden worldwide. Despite growing research to reach an early diagnosis and optimal patient management, no disease-modifying therapies are currently available. Chronic neuroinflammation has been recognized as a crucial player in sustaining neurodegenerative processes, along with pathological deposition of misfolded proteins, including amyloid-β and tau protein. Modulating neuroinflammatory responses may be a promising therapeutic strategy in future clinical trials. Among factors that are able to regulate neuroinflammatory mechanisms, diet, and nutrients represent easily accessible and modifiable lifestyle components. Mediterranean diet and several nutrients, including polyphenols, vitamins, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, can exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, impacting clinical manifestations, cognitive decline, and dementia. This review aims to provide an updated overview of the relationship between neuroinflammation, nutrition, gut microbiota, and neurodegeneration. We summarize the major studies exploring the effects of diet regimes on cognitive decline, primarily focusing on Alzheimer's disease dementia and the impact of these results on the design of ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola De Marchi
- ALS Center, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Vignaroli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Center, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Comi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, 13100, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Giacomo Tondo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, 13100, Vercelli, Italy
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Song Y, Cheng F, Du Y, Zheng J, An Y, Lu Y. Higher Adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP Dietary Patterns Is Associated with Better Cognition among Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:3974. [PMID: 37764758 PMCID: PMC10535050 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The available evidence regarding the association between adherence to the Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary patterns and cognitive performance exhibits inconsistency, and its applicability within the Asian population remains uncertain. The association between adherence to the Chinese Food Pagoda (CHFP) and cognitive function is also unknown. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP different dietary patterns and cognitive function. The study included 3353 Chinese adults aged 55 years and over from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 2006. A 24 h dietary recall over three consecutive days was used to collect dietary information. Dietary patterns included AMED, DASH, and CHFP. A subset of items from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-Modified was used for cognitive screening. Poor cognitive performance was defined as a global cognitive function score < 7. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the association between adherence to the three different dietary patterns and cognitive function. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that there is a negative association between higher adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP and poorer cognitive performance (AMED: OR = 0.594, 95% CI = 0.458-0.771, p < 0.001; DASH: OR = 0.652, 95% CI = 0.504-0.843, p = 0.001; CHFP: OR = 0.599, 95% CI = 0.417-0.861, p = 0.006). There was a significant interaction between each of the three dietary patterns and residential regions (AMED: p for interaction = 0.045; DASH: p for interaction = 0.003; CHFP: p for interaction < 0.001). Higher adherence to the AMED, DASH, and CHFP dietary patterns was inversely associated with poor cognition in Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults, particularly among urban residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.S.); (Y.D.); (J.Z.)
| | - Fangxiao Cheng
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Yage Du
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.S.); (Y.D.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jie Zheng
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.S.); (Y.D.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yu An
- Endocrinology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100020, China;
| | - Yanhui Lu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (Y.S.); (Y.D.); (J.Z.)
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12
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Key MN, Szabo-Reed AN. Impact of Diet and Exercise Interventions on Cognition and Brain Health in Older Adults: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2495. [PMID: 37299458 PMCID: PMC10255782 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to preserve cognitive function and protect brain structure from the effects of the aging process and neurodegenerative disease is the goal of non-pharmacologic, lifestyle interventions focused on brain health. This review examines, in turn, current diet and exercise intervention trends and the collective progress made toward understanding their impact on cognition and brain health. The diets covered in this review include the Mediterranean diet (MeDi), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND), ketogenic diet, intermittent fasting, and weight loss management. The exercise approaches covered in this review include endurance, resistance, combined exercise programs, yoga, tai chi, and high-intensity interval training. Although valuable evidence is building concerning how diet and exercise influence cognitive performance and brain structure, many of the open questions in the field are concerned with why we see these effects. Therefore, more strategically designed intervention studies are needed to reveal the likely multiple mechanisms of action in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickeal N. Key
- KU Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Fairway, KS 66205, USA;
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Amanda N. Szabo-Reed
- KU Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Fairway, KS 66205, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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13
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Franco GA, Interdonato L, Cordaro M, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R. Bioactive Compounds of the Mediterranean Diet as Nutritional Support to Fight Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087318. [PMID: 37108480 PMCID: PMC10139089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are a widespread cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterized by neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal depletion. They include selective malfunction and progressive loss of neurons, glial cells, and neural networks in the brain and spinal cord. There is an urgent need to develop new and more effective therapeutic strategies to combat these devastating diseases because, today, there is no treatment that can cure degenerative diseases; however, we have many symptomatic treatments. Current nutritional approaches are beginning to reflect a fundamental change in our understanding of health. The Mediterranean diet may have a protective effect on the neurodegenerative process because it is rich in antioxidants, fiber, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Increasing knowledge regarding the impact of diet on regulation at the genetic and molecular levels is changing the way we consider the role of nutrition, resulting in new dietary strategies. Natural products, thanks to their bioactive compounds, have recently undergone extensive exploration and study for their therapeutic potential for a variety of diseases. Targeting simultaneous multiple mechanisms of action and a neuroprotection approach with the diet could prevent cell death and restore function to damaged neurons. For these reasons, this review will be focused on the therapeutic potential of natural products and the associations between the Mediterranean-style diet (MD), neurodegenerative diseases, and markers and mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Antonio Franco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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14
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Maraki MI, Yannakoulia M, Xiromerisiou G, Stefanis L, Charisis S, Giagkou N, Kosmidis MH, Dardiotis E, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Sakka P, Scarmeas N, Stamelou M. Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower probability of prodromal Parkinson's disease and risk for Parkinson's disease/dementia with Lewy bodies: A longitudinal study. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:934-942. [PMID: 36692092 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Lifestyle factors have been implicated in the long-lasting neurodegenerative process in prodromal Parkinson's disease (pPD). The aim was to investigate the associations between adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MeDi) and longitudinal changes of pPD probability and the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) or pPD in a Mediterranean older population. METHODS Data from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet cohort (community-dwelling individuals, aged ≥ 65 years) were used. A detailed food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate dietary intake and calculate MeDi adherence score, ranging from 0 to 55, with higher scores indicating higher adherence. The probability of pPD was calculated according to the updated Movement Disorder Society research criteria. RESULTS In all, 1047 non-PD/dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) participants were followed for 3 ± 1 years. MeDi adherence was associated with lower increase in pPD probability over time (b = -0.003, 95% confidence interval -0.006 to -0.001, p = 0.010). Forty-nine participants had incident possible/probable pPD (i.e., pPD probability ≥ 30%). Compared to the participants in the lowest quartile of MeDi adherence, those in the higher quartiles had an approximately 60%-70% lower risk for possible/probable pPD (p for trend 0.003). MeDi-pPD associations were driven by both motor and non-motor pPD markers and not from risk markers. Also, 21 participants were diagnosed with PD/DLB at follow-up. For each unit increase in the MeDi score, there was a 9%-10% lower risk for PD/DLB (hazard ratio 0.906 [95% confidence interval 0.823-0.997], p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Mediterranean diet adherence is associated with lower increase in pPD probability over time and lower possible/probable pPD and PD/DLB incidence in older Mediterranean people. More studies are needed to confirm our results in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Maraki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Crete, Greece
- Section of Sport Medicine and Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leonidas Stefanis
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Sokratis Charisis
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Nikolaos Giagkou
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Marousi, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Maria Stamelou
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
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15
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Abellaneda-Pérez K, Cattaneo G, Cabello-Toscano M, Solana-Sánchez J, Mulet-Pons L, Vaqué-Alcázar L, Perellón-Alfonso R, Solé-Padullés C, Bargalló N, Tormos JM, Pascual-Leone A, Bartrés-Faz D. Purpose in life promotes resilience to age-related brain burden in middle-aged adults. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:49. [PMID: 36915148 PMCID: PMC10009845 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease-modifying agents to counteract cognitive impairment in older age remain elusive. Hence, identifying modifiable factors promoting resilience, as the capacity of the brain to maintain cognition and function with aging and disease, is paramount. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), education and occupation are typical cognitive reserve proxies. However, the importance of psychological factors is being increasingly recognized, as their operating biological mechanisms are elucidated. Purpose in life (PiL), one of the pillars of psychological well-being, has previously been found to reduce the deleterious effects of AD-related pathological changes on cognition. However, whether PiL operates as a resilience factor in middle-aged individuals and what are the underlying neural mechanisms remain unknown. METHODS Data was obtained from 624 middle-aged adults (mean age 53.71 ± 6.9; 303 women) from the Barcelona Brain Health Initiative cohort. Individuals with lower (LP; N = 146) and higher (HP; N = 100) PiL rates, according to the division of this variable into quintiles, were compared in terms of cognitive status, a measure reflecting brain burden (white matter lesions; WMLs), and resting-state functional connectivity, examining system segregation (SyS) parameters using 14 common brain circuits. RESULTS Neuropsychological status and WMLs burden did not differ between the PiL groups. However, in the LP group, greater WMLs entailed a negative impact on executive functions. Subjects in the HP group showed lower SyS of the dorsal default-mode network (dDMN), indicating lesser segregation of this network from other brain circuits. Specifically, HP individuals had greater inter-network connectivity between specific dDMN nodes, including the frontal cortex, the hippocampal formation, the midcingulate region, and the rest of the brain. Greater functional connectivity in some of these nodes positively correlated with cognitive performance. CONCLUSION Expanding previous findings on AD pathology and advanced age, the present results suggest that higher rates of PiL may promote resilience against brain changes already observable in middle age. Furthermore, having a purposeful life implies larger functional integration of the dDMN, which may potentially reflect greater brain reserve associated to better cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Abellaneda-Pérez
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. .,Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gabriele Cattaneo
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Cabello-Toscano
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Solana-Sánchez
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Mulet-Pons
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Vaqué-Alcázar
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Sant Pau Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau-Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Perellón-Alfonso
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Solé-Padullés
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Neuroradiology Section, Radiology Department, Diagnostic Image Center, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Magnetic Resonance Image Core Facility (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Tormos
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Deanna and Sidney Wolk Center for Memory Health, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Mediterranean Diet and Sarcopenia Features in Apparently Healthy Adults over 65 Years: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051104. [PMID: 36904104 PMCID: PMC10005300 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Low muscle mass combined with changes in physical function and muscle quality is defined as sarcopenia. In people > 60 years, sarcopenia reaches 10% and tends to increase with age. Individual nutrients, such as protein, may have a protective role against sarcopenia, but recent evidence suggests that protein alone has been ineffective in increasing muscle strength. Dietary patterns, instead, with a high "anti-inflammatory" potential, such as the Mediterranean dietary pattern, have been considered as an emerging dietary remedy against sarcopenia. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence of the role of Mediterranean diet in sarcopenia prevention and/or improvement, including recent data, in healthy elders. We searched published studies about sarcopenia and the Mediterranean diet until December 2022 in Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus search engine and grey literature. In total, ten articles were identified as relevant: four cross-sectional studies and six prospective. No clinical trial was identified. Only three studies assessed sarcopenia presence and four measured muscle mass, which is an essential criterion in sarcopenia diagnosis. Mediterranean diet adherence had, in general, a positive role in muscle mass and muscle function, while the results were less clear with regard to muscle strength. Additionally, there was no evidence of a positive effect of the Mediterranean diet on sarcopenia. There is a need for conduction of clinical trials in order to reach cause-effects conclusions regarding the importance of the Mediterranean diet in sarcopenia prevention and management in Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean populations.
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17
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Impact of Nut Consumption on Cognition across the Lifespan. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15041000. [PMID: 36839359 PMCID: PMC9965316 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive health is a life-long concern affected by modifiable risk factors, including lifestyle choices, such as dietary intake, with serious implications for quality of life, morbidity, and mortality worldwide. In addition, nuts are a nutrient-dense food that contain a number of potentially neuroprotective components, including monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber, B-vitamins, non-sodium minerals, and highly bioactive polyphenols. However, increased nut consumption relates to a lower cardiovascular risk and a lower burden of cardiovascular risk factors that are shared with neurodegenerative disorders, which is why nuts have been hypothesized to be beneficial for brain health. The present narrative review discusses up-to-date epidemiological, clinical trial, and mechanistic evidence of the effect of exposure to nuts on cognitive performance. While limited and inconclusive, available evidence suggests a possible role for nuts in the maintenance of cognitive health and prevention of cognitive decline in individuals across the lifespan, particularly in older adults and those at higher risk. Walnuts, as a rich source of the plant-based polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid, are the nut type most promising for cognitive health. Given the limited definitive evidence available to date, especially regarding cognitive health biomarkers and hard outcomes, future studies are needed to better elucidate the impact of nuts on the maintenance of cognitive health, as well as the prevention and management of cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer disease.
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18
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Gregory S, Pullen H, Ritchie CW, Shannon OM, Stevenson EJ, Muniz-Terrera G. Mediterranean diet and structural neuroimaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's and cerebrovascular disease: A systematic review. Exp Gerontol 2023; 172:112065. [PMID: 36529364 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated an association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and better cognitive performance, lower incidence of dementia and lower Alzheimer's disease biomarker burden. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence base for MedDiet associations with hippocampal volume and white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV). We searched systematically for studies reporting on MedDiet and hippocampal volume or WMHV in MedLine, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycInfo. Searches were initially carried out on 21st July 2021 with final searches run on 23rd November 2022. Risk of bias was assessed using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Of an initial 112 papers identified, seven papers were eligible for inclusion in the review reporting on 21,933 participants. Four studies reported on hippocampal volume, with inconclusive or no associations seen with MedDiet adherence. Two studies found a significant association between higher MedDiet adherence and lower WMHV, while two other studies found no significant associations. Overall these results highlight a gap in our knowledge about the associations between the MedDiet and AD and cerebrovascular related structural neuroimaging findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gregory
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Hannah Pullen
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Craig W Ritchie
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Brain Health Scotland, UK.
| | - Oliver M Shannon
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Emma J Stevenson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Human Nutrition Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Graciela Muniz-Terrera
- Edinburgh Dementia Prevention, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Social Medicine, Ohio University, OH, USA.
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19
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The Association of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with Depression in Older Adults Longitudinally Taking into Account Cognitive Status: Results from the HELIAD Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020359. [PMID: 36678230 PMCID: PMC9865507 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although research has generally shown a negative association between depression and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDi), the literature related to older adults is controversial, perhaps partially due to the fact that cognitive status has not been considered. The aim of the current work was to investigate the association between MeDi and incident depression in a representative cohort of people, taking into account their cognitive status in multiple ways. The sample was drawn from the HELIAD study, a longitudinal study including a follow-up of 3 years after the baseline assessment. In total, 879 participants without depression at baseline were included (55.4% women, mean age ± Standard Deviation: 73.3 ± 5.0 years). Depression was determined as a score in the Geriatric depression scale ≥6 and/or antidepressant medication and/or clinical diagnosis of depression. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex and education were employed. In the basic model, adherence to the MeDi was negatively associated with depression. In the most conservative model, excluding participants with dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment, and after controlling for the baseline Cognitive Status, each unit (range 0−55) increase in MeDi was associated with a 6.2% decrease in the risk for depression (p < 0.001). These findings indicate that MeDi is negatively associated with depression longitudinally in older adults, above and beyond cognitive status.
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20
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Townsend RF, Logan D, O’Neill RF, Prinelli F, Woodside JV, McEvoy CT. Whole Dietary Patterns, Cognitive Decline and Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Prospective and Intervention Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020333. [PMID: 36678204 PMCID: PMC9865080 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia prevalence is a global public health concern. Adherence towards a healthy dietary pattern (DP) may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. This narrative systematic review aimed to synthesise prospective and intervention study data to evaluate the impact of a-posteriori and a-priori derived DPs on cognitive ageing, from cognitive decline to incident dementia. Ninety-three studies were included: 83 prospective studies and 10 randomised controlled trials (RCT). Most prospective studies (77%) examined a-priori DPs, with the Mediterranean diet examined most frequently. A total of 52% of prospective and 50% of RCTs reported a protective relationship between 'healthy' DPs and global cognitive decline. Overall, 59% of prospective studies reported positive associations between healthy DPs and risk of cognitive disorder. Incident cognitive disorder was examined by only one intervention study (subgroup analysis) which reported a beneficial effect of a low-fat diet on risk of probable dementia in women. Unhealthy DPs were examined less frequently (n = 17; 21%), with 41% of these studies reporting associations between adherence and poorer cognitive outcomes. Overall, there were mixed results for healthy and unhealthy DPs on cognition, likely due to between-study heterogeneity. Standardisation of diet exposure and cognitive outcome measurement would help to reduce this. Future research would benefit from investigating effects of culturally appropriate DPs on individual cognitive domains and incident cognitive disorders in diverse and high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle Logan
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Roisin F. O’Neill
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Federica Prinelli
- Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, 93 20054 Milan, Italy
| | - Jayne V. Woodside
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Claire T. McEvoy
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
- Correspondence:
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21
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Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Shaw PA, Hakun JG, Katz MJ, Wylie-Rosett J, Sliwinski MJ. Multicultural Healthy Diet to Reduce Cognitive Decline & Alzheimer's Disease Risk: Study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 124:107006. [PMID: 36396064 PMCID: PMC9839583 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.107006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates that healthy dietary patterns are associated with higher cognitive status; however, few clinical trials have explored this association in diverse middle-aged adults before the onset of cognitive decline. We use novel ambulatory methods to assess cognition in natural settings in tandem with diet recording. AIMS We investigate whether the Multicultural Healthy Diet Study to Reduce Cognitive Decline & Alzheimer's Disease Risk, a pilot randomized controlled trial of an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern compared to usual diet, can mitigate cognitive decline and Alzheimer's Disease risk in a diverse population of 40-65 year old adults in Bronx, New York. METHODS Primary cognitive outcomes assessed at nine months are collected in an ecological momentary assessment "measurement burst" design, over the course of participants' daily lives. These ultra-brief, ambulatory cognitive assessments examine processing speed, visuospatial working memory, short-term associative memory binding, long-term associative memory, and working memory capacity. Key secondary outcomes relate to comparing dietary intake between study arms with respect to cognitive outcomes. We assess diet with food records using the National Cancer Institute's Automated Self-Administered 24-h record and serum biomarkers. We further investigate the association of self-reported diet and dietary biomarkers with inflammatory-based biomarkers. CONCLUSION This randomized controlled trial of diet and cognition for the first time combines novel measures of ambulatory cognitive assessment with web-based assessment of dietary intake recording. This new approach enabled the study to continue in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic in remote format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Belfer Building 1312C, Bronx, NY 10461 USA.
| | - Pamela A Shaw
- Biostatistics Unit, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Avenue, Suite 1600, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| | - Jonathan G Hakun
- Department of Neurology, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, 700 HMC Crescent Road, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Healthy Aging, Fourth Floor Biobehavioral Health Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Translational Brain Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, 700 MHC Crescent Road, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Mindy J Katz
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Van Etten Building, Rm 3C5, 1225 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Belfer Building 1307, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Department of Human Development & Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, University Park, PA, 16802. USA.
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22
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Sexton C, Solis M, Aharon-Peretz J, Alexopoulos P, Apostolova LG, Bayen E, Birkenhager B, Cappa S, Constantinidou F, Fortea J, Gerritsen DL, Hassanin HI, Ibanez A, Ioannidis P, Karageorgiou E, Korczyn A, Leroi I, Lichtwarck B, Logroscino G, Lynch C, Mecocci P, Molinuevo JL, Papatriantafyllou J, Papegeorgiou S, Politis A, Raman R, Ritchie K, Sanchez-Juan P, Sano M, Scarmeas N, Spiru L, Stathi A, Tsolaki M, Yener G, Zaganas I, Zygouris S, Carrillo M. Alzheimer's disease research progress in the Mediterranean region: The Alzheimer's Association International Conference Satellite Symposium. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:1957-1968. [PMID: 35184367 PMCID: PMC11066754 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
As research and services in the Mediterranean region continue to increase, so do opportunities for global collaboration. To support such collaborations, the Alzheimer's Association was due to hold its seventh Alzheimer's Association International Conference Satellite Symposium in Athens, Greece in 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the meeting was held virtually, which enabled attendees from around the world to hear about research efforts in Greece and the surrounding Mediterranean countries. Research updates spanned understanding the biology of, treatments for, and care of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD_ and other dementias. Researchers in the Mediterranean region have outlined the local epidemiology of AD and dementia, and have identified regional populations that may expedite genetic studies. Development of biomarkers is expected to aid early and accurate diagnosis. Numerous efforts have been made to develop culturally specific interventions to both reduce risk of dementia, and to improve quality of life for people living with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Sexton
- Alzheimer's Association, 225 N Michigan Avenue, 17th Fl, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Panagiotis Alexopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Patras University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Eléonore Bayen
- Laboratoire d'imagerie biomédicale, Sorbonne Université, department of physical rehabilitation medicine, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Betty Birkenhager
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefano Cappa
- University School for Advanced Studies (IUSS-Pavia) and IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, PV, Italy
| | - Fofi Constantinidou
- Department of Psychology & Center for Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Juan Fortea
- Sant Pau Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Hany I Hassanin
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Geriatric Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Agustin Ibanez
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Latin American Institute for Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad de San Andres & National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Iracema Leroi
- Trinity College Dublin, Global Brain Health Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bjorn Lichtwarck
- The Centre for Age-related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain Department of Clinical Research in Neurology of the University of Bari at "Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico" Hospital Tricase (Le), Bari, Italy
- Department of Basic Medicine Neuroscience and Sense Organs University Aldo Moro Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Chris Lynch
- Alzheimer's Disease International, London, UK
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - John Papatriantafyllou
- Third Age Center IASIS, Athens-Glyfada, Athens, Greece
- 1st University Neurology Department, Eginitio Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Ana Aslan International Foundation
| | - Sokratis Papegeorgiou
- 1st University Neurology Department, Eginitio Hospital, Athens, Greece
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Politis
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rema Raman
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | | | - Pascual Sanchez-Juan
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), CIBERNED, University of Cantabria and Department of Neurology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
| | - Mary Sano
- The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolas Scarmeas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luiza Spiru
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Ana Aslan International Foundation
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
| | - Görsev Yener
- Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ioannis Zaganas
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete
| | - Stelios Zygouris
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas/ Information Technologies Institute, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Carrillo
- Alzheimer's Association, 225 N Michigan Avenue, 17th Fl, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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23
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Fu J, Tan LJ, Lee JE, Shin S. Association between the mediterranean diet and cognitive health among healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:946361. [PMID: 35967772 PMCID: PMC9372716 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.946361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing prevalence of cognitive disorders warrants comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of diet on cognitive health. Studies have suggested that the Mediterranean (MeDi) diet has protective effects against metabolic diseases. However, comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of the MeDi diet on the cognitive decline are limited. We investigated whether adherence to the MeDi diet could lower the risk of the cognitive disorder or improve cognitive function in older adults. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to June 2021. Cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The effect sizes were estimated as log risk ratios and standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Newcastle–Ottawa score and Cochrane Collaboration’s tool were used to assess the risk of bias in cohort studies and RCTs, respectively. Results Of the 1,687 screened studies, 31 cohort studies and five RCTs met the eligibility criteria for qualitative analysis; 26 cohort studies and two RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. In the cohort studies, high adherence to the MeDi diet was associated with lower risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) [risk ratio (RR) = 0.75 (0.66–0.86)], and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [RR = 0.71 (0.56–0.89)]. In the RCTs, high adherence to the MeDi diet was associated with better episodic [SMD = 0.20 (0.09–0.30)] and working memories [SMD = 0.17 (0.01–0.32)] than lowest group. Conclusion Adherence to the MeDi diet may reduce the risk of MCI and AD. However, other associations with cognitive outcomes (global cognition, working memory, and episodic memory) remain open to interpretation. Overall, the MeDi diet is recommended to prevent or delay cognitive disorders and improve cognitive function. Further, long-term RCTs are warranted to strengthen the evidence. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk], identifier [CRD42021276801].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Fu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Li-Juan Tan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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24
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Mamalaki E, Charisis S, Anastasiou CA, Ntanasi E, Georgiadi K, Balomenos V, Kosmidis MH, Dardiotis E, Hadjigeorgiou G, Sakka P, Scarmeas N, Yannakoulia M. The Longitudinal Association of Lifestyle with Cognitive Health and Dementia Risk: Findings from the HELIAD Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142818. [PMID: 35889774 PMCID: PMC9320599 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate whether a Total Lifestyle Index (TLI), including adherence to the Mediterranean diet, sleep duration, physical activity and engagement in activities of daily living, is associated with cognitive health over time and dementia risk, in a representative cohort of older people. A total of 1018 non-demented community-dwelling older adults ≥65 years old (60% women) from the HELIAD study were included. A comprehensive neurological and neuropsychological assessment was conducted at baseline and at the 3-year follow-up evaluating cognitive functioning, and a dementia diagnosis was set. Diet, physical activity, sleep duration and engagement in activities of daily living were assessed using standard, validated questionnaires at baseline. Sixty-one participants developed dementia at follow-up; participants who developed dementia were older and had fewer years of education compared with participants with normal cognition. With the exception of sleep duration, participants with normal cognition at follow-up scored higher in the individual lifestyle factors compared to those who developed dementia. Regarding TLI, values were lower for participants with dementia compared with those with normal cognition. Each additional unit of the TLI was associated with 0.5% of a standard deviation less decline per year of the Global Cognition score, whereas for each additional unit of the TLI, the risk for dementia was reduced by 0.2% per year (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that greater adherence to a healthy lifestyle pattern is associated with a slower decline of cognitive function and reduced dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Mamalaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (C.A.A.)
| | - Sokratis Charisis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11528 Athens, Greece; (S.C.); (E.N.); (N.S.)
- UT Health San Antonio, Department of Neurology, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Costas A. Anastasiou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (C.A.A.)
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11528 Athens, Greece; (S.C.); (E.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Kyriaki Georgiadi
- Department of Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Vassilis Balomenos
- Department of Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (K.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Mary H. Kosmidis
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | | | | | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders, 11636 Marousi, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11528 Athens, Greece; (S.C.); (E.N.); (N.S.)
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (E.M.); (C.A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-9549175
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25
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Drouka A, Mamalaki E, Karavasilis E, Scarmeas N, Yannakoulia M. Dietary and Nutrient Patterns and Brain MRI Biomarkers in Dementia-Free Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112345. [PMID: 35684145 PMCID: PMC9183163 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a rapidly growing public health problem. As there is no curative treatment for dementia, the proactive management of modifiable risk factors and the identification of early biomarkers indicative of the cognitive decline are of great importance. Although nutrition is one of the most extensively studied lifestyle factor in relation to cognitive health, its association with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers is not well established. In the present work, we review available studies relating dietary or nutrient patterns with brain MRI biomarkers in dementia-free adults. Greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been associated with the preservation of structural connectivity and less brain atrophy in adults without dementia. In addition, specific nutrient patterns, characterized by a high intake of antioxidant vitamins, polyphenols and unsaturated fatty acids, have been related to larger brain volume. Although the results are encouraging regarding the role of dietary and nutrient patterns on imaging biomarkers, more well-designed observational longitudinal studies and clinical trials are needed in order to confirm potentially causal relationships and better understand underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archontoula Drouka
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 176 71 Athens, Greece; (A.D.); (E.M.); (M.Y.)
| | - Eirini Mamalaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 176 71 Athens, Greece; (A.D.); (E.M.); (M.Y.)
| | | | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aeginition University Hospital, 115 28 Athens, Greece
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s, Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 176 71 Athens, Greece; (A.D.); (E.M.); (M.Y.)
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26
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Wu X, Yang H, He S, Xia T, Chen D, Zhou Y, Liu J, Liu M, Sun Z. Adult Vaccination as a Protective Factor for Dementia: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Population-Based Observational Studies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:872542. [PMID: 35592323 PMCID: PMC9110786 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.872542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Common vaccinations may have impacts on dementia risk, but current evidence is inconsistent. We therefore investigated the association between vaccinations and dementia risk by systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Methods We conducted an extensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify studies that compared the risk of dementia in vaccinated versus unvaccinated populations. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled as measures. Results Of the 9124 records initially retrieved, 17 studies with 1857134 participants were included in our analysis. The overall pooled results showed that vaccinations were associated with a 35% lower dementia risk (HR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.60-0.71, Poverall effect < 0.001; I2 = 91.8%, Pheterogeneity<0.001). All types of vaccination were associated with a trend toward reduced dementia risk, with rabies (HR=0.43), tetanus & diphtheria & pertussis (Tdap) (HR=0.69), herpes zoster (HR=0.69), influenza (HR=0.74), hepatitis A (HR=0.78), typhoid (HR=0.80), and hepatitis B (HR=0.82) vaccinations being significant. Individuals with more full vaccination types and more annual influenza vaccinations were less likely to develop dementia. Gender and age had no effect on this association. Conclusion Routine adult vaccinations are associated with a significant reduction in dementia risk and may be an effective strategy for dementia prevention. Further research is needed to elucidate the causal effects of this association and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Wu
- Department of Geriatric, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haixia Yang
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Sixian He
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Xia
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Diang Chen
- Clinical Medicine Teaching Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yexin Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - MengSi Liu
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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27
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Ntanasi E, Charisis S, Yannakoulia M, Georgiadi K, Balomenos V, Kosmidis M, Dardiotis Ε, Hadjigeorgiou G, Sakka P, Maraki M, Scarmeas N. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and incident frailty: Results from a longitudinal study. Maturitas 2022; 162:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Trajectories of healthy aging and their association with the Mediterranean diet: The HELIAD Study. Maturitas 2022; 159:33-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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To J, Shao ZY, Gandawidjaja M, Tabibi T, Grysman N, Grossberg GT. Comparison of the Impact of the Mediterranean Diet, Anti-Inflammatory Diet, Seventh-Day Adventist Diet, and Ketogenic Diet Relative to Cognition and Cognitive Decline. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:161-171. [PMID: 35347664 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Increasing evidence points toward the importance of diet and its impact on cognitive decline. This review seeks to clarify the impact of four diets on cognition: the Mediterranean diet, the anti-inflammatory diet, the Seventh Day Adventist diet, and the Ketogenic diet. RECENT FINDINGS Of the diets reviewed, the Mediterranean diet provides the strongest evidence for efficacy. Studies regarding the anti-inflammatory diet and Seventh Day Adventist diet are sparse, heterogeneous in quality and outcome measurements, providing limited reliable data. There is also minimal research confirming the cognitive benefits of the Ketogenic diet. Increasing evidence supports the use of the Mediterranean diet to reduce cognitive decline. The MIND-diet, a combination of the Mediterranean and DASH diets, seems especially promising, likely due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The Ketogenic diet may also have potential efficacy; however, adherence in older populations may be difficult given frequent adverse effects. Future research should focus on long-term, well-controlled studies confirming the impact of various diets, as well as the combination of diets and lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer To
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Zi Yi Shao
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Monique Gandawidjaja
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Tara Tabibi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Noam Grysman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
| | - George T Grossberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
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30
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Xiao Y, Gong X, Deng R, Liu W, Yang Y, Wang X, Wang J, Bao J, Shu X. Iron Chelation Remits Memory Deficits Caused by the High-Fat Diet in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:1959-1971. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a worldwide health problem that has been implicated in many diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders and is characterized by two pathologies, including extracellular senior plaques composed of amyloid-β (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) consisting of abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau. According to current research, a high-fat diet (HFD) could exacerbate Aβ accumulation, oxidative damage, and cognitive defects in AD mice. However, the accurate role of HFD in the pathogenesis of AD is far more unclear. Objective: To explore the accurate role of HFD in the pathogenesis of AD. Methods: Open Field, Barns Maze, Elevated zero-maze, Contextual fear condition, Tail suspension test, western blotting, immunofluorescence, Fluoro-Jade C Labeling, Perls’ Prussian blue staining, and ELISA were used. Results: HFD caused nonheme iron overload in the brains of APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice. Furthermore, the administration of M30 (0.5 mg/kg) for iron chelation once every 2 days per os (p.o.) for 1 month remitted memory deficits caused by HFD in APP/PS1 mice. Notably, a variety of hematological parameters in whole blood had no difference after iron chelation. In addition, iron chelation effectively reduced synaptic impairment in hippocampus and neuronal degeneration in cortex in the HFD-fed APP/PS1 mice. Meanwhile, iron chelation decreased Aβ 1–40 and Aβ 1–42 level as well as neuroinflammation in HFD-fed APP/PS1 mice. Conclusion: These data enhance our understanding of how HFD aggravates AD pathology and cognitive impairments and might shed light on future preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xiao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaokang Gong
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ronghua Deng
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Youhua Yang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianzhi Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Bao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiji Shu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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31
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Carneiro L, Pellerin L. Nutritional Impact on Metabolic Homeostasis and Brain Health. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:767405. [PMID: 35153657 PMCID: PMC8829049 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.767405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging in modern societies is often associated with various diseases including metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. In recent years, researchers have shown that both dysfunctions are related to each other. Although the relationship is not fully understood, recent evidence indicate that metabolic control plays a determinant role in neural defects onset. Indeed, energy balance dysregulation affects neuroenergetics by altering energy supply and thus neuronal activity. Consistently, different diets to help control body weight, blood glucose or insulin sensitivity are also effective in improving neurodegenerative disorders, dampening symptoms, or decreasing the risk of disease onset. Moreover, adapted nutritional recommendations improve learning, memory, and mood in healthy subjects as well. Interestingly, adjusted carbohydrate content of meals is the most efficient for both brain function and metabolic regulation improvement. Notably, documented neurological disorders impacted by specific diets suggest that the processes involved are inflammation, mitochondrial function and redox balance as well as ATP production. Interestingly, processes involving inflammation, mitochondrial function and redox balance as well as ATP production are also described in brain regulation of energy homeostasis. Therefore, it is likely that changes in brain function induced by diets can affect brain control of energy homeostasis and other brain functions such as memory, anxiety, social behavior, or motor skills. Moreover, a defect in energy supply could participate to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. Among the possible processes involved, the role of ketone bodies metabolism, neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity, oxidative stress and inflammation or epigenetic regulations as well as gut-brain axis and SCFA have been proposed in the literature. Therefore, the goal of this review is to provide hints about how nutritional studies could help to better understand the tight relationship between metabolic balance, brain activity and aging. Altogether, diets that help maintaining a metabolic balance could be key to both maintain energy homeostasis and prevent neurological disorders, thus contributing to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Carneiro
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Lionel Carneiro,
| | - Luc Pellerin
- Inserm U1082, Université de Poitiers and CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Charisis S, Ntanasi E, Yannakoulia M, Anastasiou CA, Kosmidis MH, Dardiotis E, Gargalionis AN, Patas K, Chatzipanagiotou S, Mourtzinos I, Tzima K, Hadjigeorgiou G, Sakka P, Kapogiannis D, Scarmeas N. Diet Inflammatory Index and Dementia Incidence: A Population-Based Study. Neurology 2021; 97:e2381-e2391. [PMID: 34759053 PMCID: PMC8673721 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Aging is characterized by a functional shift of the immune system toward a proinflammatory phenotype. This derangement has been associated with cognitive decline and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of dementia. Diet can modulate systemic inflammation; thus, it may be a valuable tool to counteract the associated risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. The present study aimed to explore the associations between the inflammatory potential of diet, assessed with an easily applicable, population-based, biomarker-validated diet inflammatory index (DII), and the risk for dementia in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS Individuals from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet (HELIAD) were included in the present cohort study. Participants were recruited through random population sampling and were followed up for a mean of 3.05 (standard deviation 0.85) years. Dementia diagnosis was based on standard clinical criteria. Those with baseline dementia or missing cognitive follow-up data were excluded from the analyses. The inflammatory potential of diet was assessed through a DII score that considers literature-derived associations of 45 food parameters with levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood; higher values indicated a more proinflammatory diet. Consumption frequencies were derived from a detailed food frequency questionnaire and were standardized to representative dietary intake normative data from 11 different countries. Analysis of dementia incidence as a function of baseline DII scores was performed by Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Analyses included 1,059 individuals (mean age 73.1 years, 40.3% male, mean education 8.2 years), 62 of whom developed incident dementia. Each additional unit of DII score was associated with a 21% increase in the risk for dementia incidence (hazard ratio 1.21 [95% confidence interval 1.03-1.42]; p = 0.023). Compared to participants in the lowest DII score tertile, participants in the highest one (maximal proinflammatory diet potential) were 3 (95% confidence interval 1.2-7.3; p = 0.014) times more likely to develop incident dementia. The test for trend was also significant, indicating a potential dose-response relationship (p = 0.014). DISCUSSION In the present study, higher DII scores (indicating greater proinflammatory diet potential) were associated with an increased risk for incident dementia. These findings might avail the development of primary dementia preventive strategies through tailored and precise dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis Charisis
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Costas A Anastasiou
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Antonios N Gargalionis
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Kostas Patas
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Stylianos Chatzipanagiotou
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Ioannis Mourtzinos
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Katerina Tzima
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Georgios Hadjigeorgiou
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Paraskevi Sakka
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Dimitrios Kapogiannis
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- From the 1st Department of Neurology (S.C., E.N., N.S.) and Department of Medical Biopathology and Clinical Microbiology (A.N.G., K.P., S.C.), Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Greece; Department of Neurology (S.C.), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (E.N., M.Y., C.A.A.), Harokopio University, Athens; Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience (M.H.K.), School of Psychology, and Department of Food Science and Technology (I.M.), Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; School of Medicine (E.D.), University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Food BioSciences (K.T.), Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Neurology (G.H.), Medical School, University of Cyprus; Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (P.S.), Greece; National Institute on Aging/NIH (D.K.), Baltimore, MD; and Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain (N.S.), Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY.
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Charisis S, Ntanasi E, Stamelou M, Xiromerisiou G, Maraki M, Veskoukis AS, Yannakoulia M, Kosmidis MH, Anastasiou CA, Giagkou N, Dardiotis E, Hadjigeorgiou G, Sakka P, Kouretas D, Stefanis L, Scarmeas N. Plasma Glutathione and Prodromal Parkinson's Disease Probability. Mov Disord 2021; 37:200-205. [PMID: 34695238 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels is considered one of the earliest biochemical changes in Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVE The authors explored the potential role of plasma GSH as a risk/susceptibility biomarker for prodromal PD (pPD) by examining its longitudinal associations with pPD probability trajectories. METHODS A total of 405 community-dwelling participants (median age [interquartile range] = 73.2 [7.41] years) without clinical features of parkinsonism were followed for a mean (standard deviation) of 3.0 (0.9) years. RESULTS A 1 μmol/L increase in plasma GSH was associated with 0.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.1%-0.7%; P = 0.017) less increase in pPD probability for 1 year of follow-up. Compared with participants in the lowest GSH tertile, participants in the highest GSH tertile had a 12.9% (95% CI, 22.4%-2.2%; P = 0.020) slower rate of increase of pPD probability for 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION Plasma GSH was associated with pPD probability trajectories; therefore, it might assist in the identification of individuals who are likely to reach the threshold for pPD diagnosis more rapidly. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokratis Charisis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Stamelou
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Department of Neurology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Maria Maraki
- Section of Sport Medicine and Biology of Exercise, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Mary H Kosmidis
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Giagkou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larisa, Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.,Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mediterranean Diet. A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10204642. [PMID: 34682764 PMCID: PMC8537524 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10204642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a pathology with increasing prevalence in the context of a more long-lived society and it is the first cause of dementia in western countries. It is important to investigate factors that can be protective and may influence its development, in order to act on them trying to reduce AD incidence and its progression. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effects of a higher adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and AD. A literature search in PubMed, The Cochrane Library Plus and Scopus was conducted, selecting articles that analyzed associations between MD adherence and AD biomarkers (Volumetry assessed by MRI and betamiloide and Tau deposits by PET); cognitive performance in patients at risk or presenting MCI and AD; and incidence or progression from MCI to AD. Out of the 589 studies screened, 22 studies met eligibility criteria for the systematic review and qualitative synthesis. Finally, 11 studies were included in the meta-analysis (12,458 participants). Higher adherence to MD was associated with a significantly lower risk of MCI (RR = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.85–0.97) and lower risk of AD (RR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.84–0.93). Our results enhance the importance of taking health-promoting lifestyle measures like following Mediterranean dietary patterns in order to reduce AD risk.
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Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Cognitive Abilities in the Greek Cohort of Epirus Health Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103363. [PMID: 34684367 PMCID: PMC8541267 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is commonly proposed as a major modifiable protective factor that may delay cognitive impairment in the elderly. The aim of the study was to investigate the cross-sectional association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with cognitive abilities in a younger Greek population. A total of 1201 healthy adults aged 21-77 years (mean: 47.8) from the Epirus Health Study cohort were included in the analysis. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured using the 14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and cognition was measured using the Trail Making Test, the Verbal Fluency test and the Logical Memory test. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption and physical activity. Overall, no association was found between the MEDAS score and cognitive tests, which could be explained by the young mean age and high level of education of the participants. Future studies should target young and middle-aged individuals to gain further understanding of the association between Mediterranean diet and cognition in this age group.
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Mazza E, Ferro Y, Pujia R, Mare R, Maurotti S, Montalcini T, Pujia A. Mediterranean Diet In Healthy Aging. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:1076-1083. [PMID: 34725664 PMCID: PMC8442641 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The World elderly population is expected to double before 2050. Unhealthy habits and unhealthy lifestyles are commonly associated with age-related diseases or their worsening. Modification in daily lifestyle and diet may help preventing age-related diseases onset and efficiently affecting their evolution, thus promoting the Healthy Aging process, concept recently coined to describe the disease-free aging process. This review highlights the role of nutrition science in promoting healthy aging. Since the Mediterranean Model demonstrated to be a useful style in supporting healthy aging, promotion of this correct lifestyle by health policies seems to be the best approach to achieve this target.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mazza
- Elisa Mazza, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Grecia, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. E-mail: , telephone numbers: +3909613697231
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