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Kloske CM, Barnum CJ, Batista AF, Bradshaw EM, Brickman AM, Bu G, Dennison J, Gearon MD, Goate AM, Haass C, Heneka MT, Hu WT, Huggins LKL, Jones NS, Koldamova R, Lemere CA, Liddelow SA, Marcora E, Marsh SE, Nielsen HM, Petersen KK, Petersen M, Piña-Escudero SD, Qiu WQ, Quiroz YT, Reiman E, Sexton C, Tansey MG, Tcw J, Teunissen CE, Tijms BM, van der Kant R, Wallings R, Weninger SC, Wharton W, Wilcock DM, Wishard TJ, Worley SL, Zetterberg H, Carrillo MC. APOE and immunity: Research highlights. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:2677-2696. [PMID: 36975090 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION At the Alzheimer's Association's APOE and Immunity virtual conference, held in October 2021, leading neuroscience experts shared recent research advances on and inspiring insights into the various roles that both the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) and facets of immunity play in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. METHODS The meeting brought together more than 1200 registered attendees from 62 different countries, representing the realms of academia and industry. RESULTS During the 4-day meeting, presenters illuminated aspects of the cross-talk between APOE and immunity, with a focus on the roles of microglia, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), and components of inflammation (e.g., tumor necrosis factor α [TNFα]). DISCUSSION This manuscript emphasizes the importance of diversity in current and future research and presents an integrated view of innate immune functions in Alzheimer's disease as well as related promising directions in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andre F Batista
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Bradshaw
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, G.H. Sergievsky Center, and Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jessica Dennison
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Mary D Gearon
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christian Haass
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany 3 Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - William T Hu
- Department of Neurology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Center for Healthy Aging, Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Lenique K L Huggins
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nahdia S Jones
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Radosveta Koldamova
- EOH, School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cynthia A Lemere
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shane A Liddelow
- Neuroscience Institute and Departments of Neuroscience & Physiology and of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Edoardo Marcora
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's disease, Dept. of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Dept. of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Samuel E Marsh
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Henrietta M Nielsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kellen K Petersen
- The Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Melissa Petersen
- Department of Family Medicine, Institute of Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Stefanie D Piña-Escudero
- Global Brain Health Institute, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Wei Qiao Qiu
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yakeel T Quiroz
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Banner Research, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Malú Gámez Tansey
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Julia Tcw
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry department, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Betty M Tijms
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik van der Kant
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Wallings
- CTRND, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Donna M Wilcock
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging and Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Tyler James Wishard
- Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Susan L Worley
- Independent science writer, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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Maestre G, Carrillo M, Kalaria R, Acosta D, Adams L, Adoukonou T, Akinwande K, Akinyemi J, Akinyemi R, Akpa O, Alladi S, Allegri R, Arizaga R, Arshad F, Arulogun O, Babalola D, Baiyewu O, Bak T, Bellaj T, Boshe J, Brayne C, Brodie-Mends D, Brown R, Cahn J, Cyrille N, Damasceno A, de Silva R, de Silva R, Djibuti M, Dreyer AJ, Ellajosyula R, Farombi T, Fongang B, Forner S, Friedland R, Garza N, Gbessemehlan A, Georgiou EEZ, Gouider R, Govia I, Grinberg L, Guerchet M, Gugssa S, Gumikiriza-Onoria JL, Gustafson D, Hogervorst E, Hornberger M, Ibanez A, Ihara M, Ismail O, Issac T, Jönsson L, Kaputu C, Karanja W, Karungi J, Tshala-Katumbay D, Kunkle B, Lee JH, Leroi I, Lewis R, Livingston G, Lopera F, Lwere K, Manes F, Mbakile-Mahlanza L, Mena P, Miller B, Millogo A, Mohamed A, Musyimi C, Mutiso V, Nakasujja N, Ndetei D, Nightingale S, Njamnshi AK, Novotni G, Nyamayaro P, Nyame S, Ogeng'o J, Ogunniyi A, Okada De Oliveira M, Okubadejo N, Orrell M, Orunmuyi A, Owolabi M, Paddick S, A Pericak-Vance M, Pirtosek Z, Potocnik F, Preston B, Raman R, Ranchod K, Rizig M, Rosselli M, Deepa R, Roy U, Salokhiddinov M, Sano M, Sarfo F, Satizabal CL, Sepulveda-Falla D, Seshadri S, Sexton C, Skoog I, St George-Hyslop P, Suemoto C, Tanner J, Thapa P, Toure K, Ucheagwu V, Udeh-Momoh C, Valcour V, Vance J, Varghese M, Vera J, Walker R, Weidner W, Sebastian W, Whitehead Gay P, Zetterberg H, Zewde Y. The Nairobi Declaration-Reducing the burden of dementia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): Declaration of the 2022 Symposium on Dementia and Brain Aging in LMICs. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:1105-1108. [PMID: 36905253 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gladys Maestre
- Departments of Neuroscience and Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | | | - Raj Kalaria
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daisy Acosta
- Internal Medicine Department, Universidad Nacional Pedro Henriquez Ureña, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Larry Adams
- Institute of Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Kazeem Akinwande
- Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | | | - Rufus Akinyemi
- Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Onoja Akpa
- College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Ricardo Allegri
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Instituto Neurologico Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Raul Arizaga
- Neurología Cognitiva y Neuropsicología, Hospital Dr. Cesar Milstein, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Oyedunni Arulogun
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - David Babalola
- University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Thomas Bak
- Department of Neurology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tarek Bellaj
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Judith Boshe
- Department of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Carol Brayne
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Richard Brown
- Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Jennifer Cahn
- Departments of Neuroscience and Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Nkouonlack Cyrille
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea & Brain Research Africa Initiative, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Ranil de Silva
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Rathmalana, Sri Lanka
| | - Rohan de Silva
- Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mamuka Djibuti
- Partnership for Research and Action for Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Anna Jane Dreyer
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | - Bernard Fongang
- Glenn Biggs Institute, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Rob Friedland
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA
| | - Noe Garza
- Departments of Neuroscience and Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, USA
| | - Antoine Gbessemehlan
- institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, University of Limoges, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Riadh Gouider
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ishtar Govia
- Caribbean Institute for Health Research, University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Lea Grinberg
- Department of Neurology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maëlenn Guerchet
- Inserm U1094, IRD UMR270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, France
| | - Seid Gugssa
- Department of Neurology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Deborah Gustafson
- Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Eef Hogervorst
- Department of Psychology, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Agustin Ibanez
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Chile
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Thomas Issac
- Centre for Brain Research (CBR), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, India
| | - Linus Jönsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Celestin Kaputu
- Department of Neurology, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Wambui Karanja
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Brian Kunkle
- Institute of Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joseph H Lee
- Sergievsky Center & Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iracema Leroi
- TCIN, Lloyd Building, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Raphaella Lewis
- Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gill Livingston
- Department of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Kamada Lwere
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Makerere University, Mulago, Uganda
| | - Facundo Manes
- Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCYT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Pedro Mena
- Institute of Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bruce Miller
- Department of Neurology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Athanase Millogo
- Department of Neurology, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdul Mohamed
- Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, Vaxjo, Sweden
| | - Christine Musyimi
- African Mental Health Research & Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Victoria Mutiso
- African Mental Health Research & Training Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - David Ndetei
- Africa Mental Health Research and Training Foundation and University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sam Nightingale
- Department of Neurology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alfred K Njamnshi
- Department of Neurology, FMBS, The University of Yaoundé I & Brain Research Africa Initiative, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Gabriela Novotni
- Department of Neurology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | | | - Solomon Nyame
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Ghana Health Service, Kintampo, Ghana
| | - Julius Ogeng'o
- Department of Human Anatomy & Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | - Njideka Okubadejo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Martin Orrell
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Akintunde Orunmuyi
- Integrated Molecular Imaging Centre, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mayowa Owolabi
- Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Stella Paddick
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Zvezdan Pirtosek
- Department of Neurology, Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Felix Potocnik
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Durbanville, South Africa
| | - Bill Preston
- Roots Worldwide LLC and Innovative California Biosciences International Inc, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Rema Raman
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kirti Ranchod
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mie Rizig
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Monica Rosselli
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Roy Deepa
- Department of Health and Biomedical Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Upal Roy
- Department of Health and Biomedical Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | | | - Mary Sano
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Fred Sarfo
- Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Population Health Sciences, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States
| | - Diego Sepulveda-Falla
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute, University of Texas, San Antonio, MA, USA
| | | | - Ingmar Skoog
- Center of Health and Aging (AgeCap), University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Claudia Suemoto
- Division of Geriatrics, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeremy Tanner
- Glenn Biggs Institute, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Prekshya Thapa
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Kamadore Toure
- Department of Neurology, Université de Thiès, Thies, Senegal
| | | | | | - Victor Valcour
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffery Vance
- Institute of Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mathew Varghese
- Department of Psychiatry, St John's Medical College, Bangalore, India
| | - Jaime Vera
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Richard Walker
- Department of Medicine, North Tyneside General Hospital, North Shields, UK
| | | | - Walsh Sebastian
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Moelndal Hospital, Moelndal, Sweden
| | - Yared Zewde
- Department of Neurology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Meyers EA, Sexton C, Snyder HM, Carrillo MC. Impact of Alzheimer's association support and engagement in the AD/ADRD research community through the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Alzheimers Dement 2023. [PMID: 36872646 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The WHO estimates that 55 million people worldwide have dementia and this number is expected to increase to 139 million by 2050. Founded in 1980, the Alzheimer's Association is the world's leading voluntary health organization in AD/ADRD care, support and research. METHODS Alzheimer's Association-led funding opportunities and awards, conferences and other activities beginning with the COVID-19 pandemic were reviewed. RESULTS The Association remains committed to funding, convening, leading and implementing research studies that accelerate the global effort to eliminate Alzheimer's and all other dementia. DISCUSSION This manuscript describes funding, convening and other global initiatives, influenced in part by the COVID-19 pandemic, to strengthen and drive research forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Meyers
- Medical and Scientific Relations, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Claire Sexton
- Medical and Scientific Relations, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Heather M Snyder
- Medical and Scientific Relations, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Maria C Carrillo
- Medical and Scientific Relations, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Sexton C, Solis M, Aharon-Peretz J, Alexopoulos P, Apostolova LG, Bayen E, Birkenhager B, Cappa S, Constantinidou F, Fortea J, Gerritsen DL, Hassanin HI, Ibanez A, Ioannidis P, Karageorgiou E, Korczyn A, Leroi I, Lichtwarck B, Logroscino G, Lynch C, Mecocci P, Molinuevo JL, Papatriantafyllou J, Papegeorgiou S, Politis A, Raman R, Ritchie K, Sanchez-Juan P, Sano M, Scarmeas N, Spiru L, Stathi A, Tsolaki M, Yener G, Zaganas I, Zygouris S, Carrillo M. Alzheimer's disease research progress in the Mediterranean region: The Alzheimer's Association International Conference Satellite Symposium. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:1957-1968. [PMID: 35184367 PMCID: PMC11066754 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
As research and services in the Mediterranean region continue to increase, so do opportunities for global collaboration. To support such collaborations, the Alzheimer's Association was due to hold its seventh Alzheimer's Association International Conference Satellite Symposium in Athens, Greece in 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the meeting was held virtually, which enabled attendees from around the world to hear about research efforts in Greece and the surrounding Mediterranean countries. Research updates spanned understanding the biology of, treatments for, and care of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD_ and other dementias. Researchers in the Mediterranean region have outlined the local epidemiology of AD and dementia, and have identified regional populations that may expedite genetic studies. Development of biomarkers is expected to aid early and accurate diagnosis. Numerous efforts have been made to develop culturally specific interventions to both reduce risk of dementia, and to improve quality of life for people living with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Sexton
- Alzheimer's Association, 225 N Michigan Avenue, 17th Fl, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | - Panagiotis Alexopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Patras University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Eléonore Bayen
- Laboratoire d'imagerie biomédicale, Sorbonne Université, department of physical rehabilitation medicine, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Betty Birkenhager
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefano Cappa
- University School for Advanced Studies (IUSS-Pavia) and IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, PV, Italy
| | - Fofi Constantinidou
- Department of Psychology & Center for Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Juan Fortea
- Sant Pau Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Hany I Hassanin
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Geriatric Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Agustin Ibanez
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Latin American Institute for Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
- Universidad de San Andres & National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Iracema Leroi
- Trinity College Dublin, Global Brain Health Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bjorn Lichtwarck
- The Centre for Age-related Functional Decline and Disease, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain Department of Clinical Research in Neurology of the University of Bari at "Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico" Hospital Tricase (Le), Bari, Italy
- Department of Basic Medicine Neuroscience and Sense Organs University Aldo Moro Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Chris Lynch
- Alzheimer's Disease International, London, UK
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - John Papatriantafyllou
- Third Age Center IASIS, Athens-Glyfada, Athens, Greece
- 1st University Neurology Department, Eginitio Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Ana Aslan International Foundation
| | - Sokratis Papegeorgiou
- 1st University Neurology Department, Eginitio Hospital, Athens, Greece
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Politis
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rema Raman
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | | | - Pascual Sanchez-Juan
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), CIBERNED, University of Cantabria and Department of Neurology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
| | - Mary Sano
- The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolas Scarmeas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luiza Spiru
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- Ana Aslan International Foundation
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
| | - Görsev Yener
- Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ioannis Zaganas
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Medical School, University of Crete
| | - Stelios Zygouris
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas/ Information Technologies Institute, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Carrillo
- Alzheimer's Association, 225 N Michigan Avenue, 17th Fl, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Quiroz YT, Solis M, Aranda MP, Arbaje AI, Arroyo‐Miranda M, Cabrera LY, Carrasquillo MM, Corrada MM, Crivelli L, Diminich ED, Dorsman KA, Gonzales M, González HM, Gonzalez‐Seda AL, Grinberg LT, Guerrero LR, Hill CV, Jimenez‐Velazquez IZ, Guerra JJL, Lopera F, Maestre G, Medina LD, O'Bryant S, Peñaloza C, Pinzon MM, Mavarez RVP, Pluim CF, Raman R, Rascovsky K, Rentz DM, Reyes Y, Rosselli M, Tansey MG, Vila‐Castelar C, Zuelsdorff M, Carrillo M, Sexton C. Addressing the disparities in dementia risk, early detection and care in Latino populations: Highlights from the second Latinos & Alzheimer's Symposium. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:1677-1686. [PMID: 35199931 PMCID: PMC9399296 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Alzheimer's Association hosted the second Latinos & Alzheimer's Symposium in May 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the meeting was held online over 2 days, with virtual presentations, discussions, mentoring sessions, and posters. The Latino population in the United States is projected to have the steepest increase in Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the next 40 years, compared to other ethnic groups. Latinos have increased risk for AD and other dementias, limited access to quality care, and are severely underrepresented in AD and dementia research and clinical trials. The symposium highlighted developments in AD research with Latino populations, including advances in AD biomarkers, and novel cognitive assessments for Spanish-speaking populations, as well as the need to effectively recruit and retain Latinos in clinical research, and how best to deliver health-care services and to aid caregivers of Latinos living with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakeel T. Quiroz
- Harvard Medical SchoolMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Alicia I. Arbaje
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and GerontologyJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Health Policy and ManagementJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | | | - Laura Y. Cabrera
- The Pennsylvania State UniversityDepartment of Engineering Science and MechanicsUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | | | - Lucia Crivelli
- FleniDepartment of Cognitive NeurologyBuenos AiresArgentina
| | | | | | - Mitzi Gonzales
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Héctor M. González
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Lea T. Grinberg
- University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lourdes R. Guerrero
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Ivonne Z. Jimenez‐Velazquez
- Medicine DepartmentUniversity of Puerto Rico School of MedicineMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPuerto RicoUSA
| | | | - Francisco Lopera
- Neuroscience Group of AntioquiaUniversity of AntioquiaMedellinColombia
| | | | | | - Sid O'Bryant
- University of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTexasUSA
| | - Claudia Peñaloza
- Department of CognitionDevelopment and Educational PsychologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Maria Mora Pinzon
- Department of Family Medicine and Community HealthUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's InstituteUniversity of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Rosa V. Pirela Mavarez
- University of Texas Rio Grande ValleySchool of Medicine, Department of Human GeneticsEdinburgTexasUSA
- Rio Grande Valley Alzheimer's Disease Resources Center for Minority Aging ResearchUniversity of Texas Rio Grande ValleySchool of MedicineEdinburgTexasUSA
| | - Celina F. Pluim
- Harvard Medical SchoolMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Rema Raman
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Katya Rascovsky
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | | | - Monica Rosselli
- Department of PsychologyFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFloridaUSA
| | | | | | - Megan Zuelsdorff
- University of Wisconsin–Madison School of NursingMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterMadisonWisconsinUSA
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6
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Sexton C, Toll T, McConkey B, Harmon G. A Cable Condition Monitoring Strategy for Safe and Reliable Plant Operation. NUCL TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00295450.2022.2072651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Sexton
- Analysis and Measurement Services Corporation, Cable Services Group, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - T. Toll
- Analysis and Measurement Services Corporation, Cable Services Group, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - B. McConkey
- Analysis and Measurement Services Corporation, Cable Services Group, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - G. Harmon
- Analysis and Measurement Services Corporation, Cable Services Group, Knoxville, Tennessee
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7
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Wheatley C, Glogowska M, Stathi A, Sexton C, Johansen-Berg H, Mackay C. Exploring the public health potential of RED January, a social media campaign supporting physical activity in the community for mental health: a qualitative study. Ment Health Phys Act 2021; 21:100429. [PMID: 35154380 PMCID: PMC7612346 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2021.100429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM RED January is an annual social media campaign challenging individuals to be physically active every day during January, and highlighting the potential for improvements in mood and wellbeing. Our aim was to explore elements of the challenge that motivate engagement with, and sustained participation in, physical activity for mental health. METHOD RED January registrants (n= 55,772, female = 45,802; 82%) were invited to take part. Volunteers supplied information on sex, age band and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in the past week. Forty registrants (24 female), recruited in December 2019 using a purposive sampling approach to identify a maximum-variation sample, participated in semi-structured interviews (31 face-to-face) after completing the challenge. The resulting transcripts were thematically analysed, using the Framework method. RESULTS Two main themes relating to motivation were identified. 'Pleasure' referred to how daily activity promoted physical enjoyment and positive affective states via engaging with the environment, finding mental space and peace, and enjoyable social interactions. 'Purpose' referred to the experiences of engaging with the campaign, and observed changes in health outcomes. These included setting flexible and appropriate goals, measuring and reviewing progress, noting wider biological and behavioural changes, and receiving support from the social media community. Points for consideration were feelings of failure when not achieving self-imposed targets, the unintended facilitation of obsessive exercising, and social media posts that triggered negative thoughts among a minority of participants. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest RED January may have potential as a public health resource. The challenge might not suit individuals with severe disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Wheatley
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Margaret Glogowska
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, New Radcliffe House, Woodstock Rd, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Claire Sexton
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Clare Mackay
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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8
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Sexton C, Snyder H, Beher D, Boxer AL, Brannelly P, Brion JP, Buée L, Cacace AM, Chételat G, Citron M, DeVos SL, Diaz K, Feldman HH, Frost B, Goate AM, Gold M, Hyman B, Johnson K, Karch CM, Kerwin DR, Koroshetz WJ, Litvan I, Morris HR, Mummery CJ, Mutamba J, Patterson MC, Quiroz YT, Rabinovici GD, Rommel A, Shulman MB, Toledo-Sherman LM, Weninger S, Wildsmith KR, Worley SL, Carrillo MC. Current directions in tau research: Highlights from Tau 2020. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 18:988-1007. [PMID: 34581500 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Studies supporting a strong association between tau deposition and neuronal loss, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline have heightened the allure of tau and tau-related mechanisms as therapeutic targets. In February 2020, leading tau experts from around the world convened for the first-ever Tau2020 Global Conference in Washington, DC, co-organized and cosponsored by the Rainwater Charitable Foundation, the Alzheimer's Association, and CurePSP. Representing academia, industry, government, and the philanthropic sector, presenters and attendees discussed recent advances and current directions in tau research. The meeting provided a unique opportunity to move tau research forward by fostering global partnerships among academia, industry, and other stakeholders and by providing support for new drug discovery programs, groundbreaking research, and emerging tau researchers. The meeting also provided an opportunity for experts to present critical research-advancing tools and insights that are now rapidly accelerating the pace of tau research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Pat Brannelly
- Alzheimer's Disease Data Initiative, Kirkland, WI, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Brion
- Laboratory of Histology, Neuroanatomy and Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Place de Verdun, Lille, France
| | | | - Gaël Chételat
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Martin Citron
- Neuroscience TA, Braine l'Alleud, UCB Biopharma, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sarah L DeVos
- Translational Sciences, Denali Therapeutics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Howard H Feldman
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bess Frost
- Sam & Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Gold
- AbbVie, Neurosciences Development, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bradley Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keith Johnson
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Celeste M Karch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Diana R Kerwin
- Kerwin Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Walter J Koroshetz
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Irene Litvan
- Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Huw R Morris
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Catherine J Mummery
- Dementia Research Centre, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Marc C Patterson
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yakeel T Quiroz
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gil D Rabinovici
- Memory & Aging Center, Departments of Neurology, Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amy Rommel
- Tau Consortium, Rainwater Charitable Foundation, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Melanie B Shulman
- Neurodegeneration Development Unit, Biogen, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Kristin R Wildsmith
- Department of Biomarker Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Susan L Worley
- Independent science writer, Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, USA
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9
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Zitser J, Anatürk M, Zsoldos E, Mahmood A, Filippini N, Suri S, Leng Y, Yaffe K, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimaki M, Ebmeier K, Sexton C. Sleep duration over 28 years, cognition, gray matter volume, and white matter microstructure: a prospective cohort study. Sleep 2021; 43:5697049. [PMID: 31904084 PMCID: PMC7215267 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives To examine the association between sleep duration trajectories over 28 years and measures of cognition, gray matter volume, and white matter microstructure. We hypothesize that consistently meeting sleep guidelines that recommend at least 7 hours of sleep per night will be associated with better cognition, greater gray matter volumes, higher fractional anisotropy, and lower radial diffusivity values. Methods We studied 613 participants (age 42.3 ± 5.03 years at baseline) who self-reported sleep duration at five time points between 1985 and 2013, and who had cognitive testing and magnetic resonance imaging administered at a single timepoint between 2012 and 2016. We applied latent class growth analysis to estimate membership into trajectory groups based on self-reported sleep duration over time. Analysis of gray matter volumes was carried out using FSL Voxel-Based-Morphometry and white matter microstructure using Tract Based Spatial Statistics. We assessed group differences in cognitive and MRI outcomes using nonparametric permutation testing. Results Latent class growth analysis identified four trajectory groups, with an average sleep duration of 5.4 ± 0.2 hours (5%, N = 29), 6.2 ± 0.3 hours (37%, N = 228), 7.0 ± 0.2 hours (45%, N = 278), and 7.9 ± 0.3 hours (13%, N = 78). No differences in cognition, gray matter, and white matter measures were detected between groups. Conclusions Our null findings suggest that current sleep guidelines that recommend at least 7 hours of sleep per night may not be supported in relation to an association between sleep patterns and cognitive function or brain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zitser
- Department of Neurology, Global Brain Health Institute, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Unit, Tel Aviv Sourazky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Melis Anatürk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,FMRIB, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Abda Mahmood
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Filippini
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sana Suri
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yue Leng
- Department of Neurology, Global Brain Health Institute, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Department of Psychiatry, Neurology and Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Archana Singh-Manoux
- Université de Paris, Inserm U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Paris, France.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Klaus Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Claire Sexton
- Department of Neurology, Global Brain Health Institute, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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10
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Friedman BB, Suri S, Solé-Padullés C, Düzel S, Drevon CA, Baaré WFC, Bartrés-Faz D, Fjell AM, Johansen-Berg H, Madsen KS, Nyberg L, Penninx BWJH, Sexton C, Walhovd KB, Zsoldos E, Budin-Ljøsne I. Are People Ready for Personalized Brain Health? Perspectives of Research Participants in the Lifebrain Consortium. Gerontologist 2021; 60:1050-1059. [PMID: 31682729 PMCID: PMC7427479 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnz155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives A healthy brain is central to physical and mental well-being. In this multi-site, qualitative study, we investigated views and attitudes of adult participants in brain research studies on the brain and personalized brain health as well as interest in maintaining a healthy brain. Design and Methods We conducted individual interviews with 44 adult participants in brain research cohorts of the Lifebrain consortium in Spain, Norway, Germany, and the United Kingdom. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded using a cross-country codebook. The interview data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results Most participants did not focus on their own brain health and expressed uncertainty regarding how to maintain it. Those actively focusing on brain health often picked one specific strategy like diet or memory training. The participants were interested in taking brain health tests to learn about their individual risk of developing brain diseases, and were willing to take measures to maintain their brain health if personalized follow-up was provided and the measures had proven impact. The participants were interested in more information on brain health. No differences in responses were identified between age groups, sex, or countries. Discussion and Implications Concise, practical, personalized, and evidence-based information about the brain may promote brain health. Based on our findings, we have launched an ongoing global brain health survey to acquire more extensive, quantitative, and representative data on public perception of personalized brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bodorkos Friedman
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Sana Suri
- Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Cristina Solé-Padullés
- Department of Medicine, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Düzel
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian A Drevon
- Vitas AS, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - William F C Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre,Denmark
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Spain
| | - Anders M Fjell
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kathrine S Madsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Centre for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå Universitet, Sweden
| | | | - Claire Sexton
- Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, UK.,Global Brain Health Institute, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine B Walhovd
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Isabelle Budin-Ljøsne
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.,Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Sexton C, Snyder HM, Chandrasekaran L, Worley S, Carrillo MC. Expanding Representation of Low and Middle Income Countries in Global Dementia Research: Commentary From the Alzheimer's Association. Front Neurol 2021; 12:633777. [PMID: 33790849 PMCID: PMC8005715 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.633777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and all other dementia represent a global challenge, with an estimated 50 million individuals in the world living with dementia today. In low and middle income countries (LMICs), the burden of disease often is greater, and some of these countries are projected to have some of the largest increases in dementia prevalence during the next few decades. As the world's largest voluntary health organization dedicated to AD and all other dementia, the Alzheimer's Association is committed to its vision of a world without dementia and recognizes the needs, challenges, and opportunities for dementia research in all parts of the world, and especially in LMICs. Currently, the Association is devoting more than $215 million in funding to nearly 600 best-of-field projects in 31 countries, including a significant number of projects that advance and support LMIC-specific research. The innovative work in LMICs is focused on addressing unmet needs or challenges associated with the many unique cultural, demographic, and economic characteristics of these countries. The Association also is expanding leading global forums such as the Alzheimer's Association International Conference (AAIC). In an effort to create new learning and participation opportunities, the Association also has been partnering with other international organizations and collaborating with local leadership to provide AAIC Satellite Symposia (AAIC SS) in LMIC regions around the world. In 2021 and beyond, the Association is committed to continuing these LMIC-focused initiatives, identifying gaps in LMIC research and resources, and enhancing collaboration and communication among researchers in these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Susan Worley
- Independent Science Writer, Bryn Mawr, PA, United States
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12
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Zitser J, Casaletto KB, Staffaroni AM, Sexton C, Weiner-Light S, Wolf A, Brown JA, Miller BL, Kramer JH. Mild Motor Signs Matter in Typical Brain Aging: The Value of the UPDRS Score Within a Functionally Intact Cohort of Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:594637. [PMID: 33643020 PMCID: PMC7904682 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.594637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To characterize the clinical correlates of subclinical Parkinsonian signs, including longitudinal cognitive and neural (via functional connectivity) outcomes, among functionally normal older adults. Methods: Participants included 737 functionally intact community-dwelling older adults who performed prospective comprehensive evaluations at ~15-months intervals for an average of 4.8 years (standard deviation 3.2 years). As part of these evaluations, participants completed the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) longitudinally and measures of processing speed, executive functioning and verbal episodic memory. T1-weighted structural scans and task-free functional MRI scans were acquired on 330 participants. We conducted linear mixed-effects models to determine the relationship between changes in UPDRS with cognitive and neural changes, using age, sex, and education as covariates. Results: Cognitive outcomes were processing speed, executive functioning, and episodic memory. Greater within-person increases in UPDRS were associated with more cognitive slowing over time. Although higher average UPDRS scores were significantly associated with overall poorer executive functions, there was no association between UPDRS and executive functioning longitudinally. UPDRS scores did not significantly relate to longitudinal memory performances. Regarding neural correlates, greater increases in UPDRS scores were associated with reduced intra-subcortical network connectivity over time. There were no relationships with intra-frontoparietal or inter-subcortical-frontoparietal connectivity. Conclusions: Our findings add to the aging literature by indicating that mild motor changes are negatively associated with cognition and network connectivity in functionally intact adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zitser
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Kaitlin B Casaletto
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Adam M Staffaroni
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Claire Sexton
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sophia Weiner-Light
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Amy Wolf
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jesse A Brown
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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13
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McGowan K, Phillips T, Gielis E, Dover T, Mitchell G, Mutch A, Sexton C, Sowa PM, Ivanovski S. Developing a prototype for integrated dental and diabetes care: understanding needs and priorities. Aust Dent J 2020; 66:41-48. [PMID: 33159320 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal treatment may be a useful adjunct to medical management of diabetes; however, oral health has not been integrated into multidisciplinary diabetes care in Australia. This study aimed to understand the needs of patients and staff at a diabetes clinic to inform a prototype of integrated dental and diabetes care. METHODS Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from patients and staff at West Moreton Diabetes Clinic (WMDC) between September-October 2019. Clinical information, survey responses and dental screening results were analysed for 41 patients. Semi-structured interviews were held with six patients and a focus group with seven staff. RESULTS Most patients (83%) had not seen a dentist in the previous year. Of the 37 patients with remaining natural teeth, 84% required periodontal assessment and 46% had multiple carious lesions. Unmet treatment needs and rates of access were similar for private and public dental patients. Staff and patients reported high levels of support for incorporation of dental care at WMDC. CONCLUSIONS Integrating oral health into diabetes management is well-supported by patients and staff to address significant unmet dental needs for both public and private dental patients. Incorporating dental screening/services within diabetes clinics may increase uptake and improve awareness of its importance in diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- K McGowan
- Oral Health Service, West Moreton Health, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia.,School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - T Phillips
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - E Gielis
- Oral Health Service, West Moreton Health, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
| | - T Dover
- Department of Medicine, Ipswich Hospital, West Moreton Health, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - G Mitchell
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - A Mutch
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - C Sexton
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - P M Sowa
- Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Ivanovski
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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14
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Zitser J, Anatürk M, Zsoldos E, Mahmood A, Filippini N, Suri S, Leng Y, Yaffe K, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimaki M, Ebmeier K, Sexton C. Corrigendum to: Sleep duration over 28 years, cognition, gray matter volume, and white matter microstructure: a prospective cohort study. Sleep 2020; 43:5810181. [PMID: 32191796 PMCID: PMC7355394 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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15
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Weerakoon A, Meyers I, Roy S, Cooper C, Cox T, Condon N, Sexton C, Thomson D, Ford P, Symons A. Dentin changes associated with patient age and cavity site. Dent Mater 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Akbaraly T, Sexton C, Zsoldos E, Mahmood A, Filippini N, Kerleau C, Verdier JM, Virtanen M, Gabelle A, Ebmeier KP, Kivimaki M. Association of Long-Term Diet Quality with Hippocampal Volume: Longitudinal Cohort Study. Am J Med 2018; 131:1372-1381.e4. [PMID: 30056104 PMCID: PMC6237674 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet quality is associated with brain aging outcomes. However, few studies have explored in humans the brain structures potentially affected by long-term diet quality. We examined whether cumulative average of the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010) score during adult life (an 11-year exposure period) is associated with hippocampal volume. METHODS Analyses were based on data from 459 participants of the Whitehall II imaging sub-study (mean age [standard deviation] (SD) = 59.6 [5.3] years in 2002-2004, 19.2% women). Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging examination was performed at the end of follow-up (2015-2016). Structural images were acquired using a high-resolution 3-dimensional T1-weighted sequence and processed with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain Software Library (FSL) tools. An automated model-based segmentation and registration tool was applied to extract hippocampal volumes. RESULTS Higher AHEI-2010 cumulative average score (reflecting long-term healthy diet quality) was associated with a larger total hippocampal volume. For each 1 SD (SD = 8.7 points) increment in AHEI-2010 score, an increase of 92.5 mm3 (standard error = 42.0 mm3) in total hippocampal volume was observed. This association was independent of sociodemographic factors, smoking habits, physical activity, cardiometabolic health factors, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms, and was more pronounced in the left hippocampus than in the right hippocampus. Of the AHEI-2010 components, no or light alcohol consumption was independently associated with larger hippocampal volume. CONCLUSIONS Higher long-term AHEI-2010 scores were associated with larger hippocampal volume. Accounting for the importance of hippocampal structures in several neuropsychiatric diseases, our findings reaffirm the need to consider adherence to healthy dietary recommendation in multi-interventional programs to promote healthy brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasnime Akbaraly
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM U1198, PSL Research University, Montpellier, France; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK; Department of Psychiatry & Autism Resources Centre, Hospital and University Research Center of Montpellier, France.
| | - Claire Sexton
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Neurobiology of Ageing Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Abda Mahmood
- Neurobiology of Ageing Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Filippini
- Neurobiology of Ageing Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Clarisse Kerleau
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM U1198, PSL Research University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Verdier
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM U1198, PSL Research University, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianna Virtanen
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Audrey Gabelle
- Memory Resources and Research Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1183, France
| | - Klaus P Ebmeier
- Neurobiology of Ageing Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
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17
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Irwin K, Sexton C, Daniel T, Lawlor B, Naci L. Healthy Aging and Dementia: Two Roads Diverging in Midlife? Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:275. [PMID: 30283329 PMCID: PMC6156266 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is a growing pandemic that presents profound challenges to healthcare systems, families, and societies throughout the world. By 2050, the number of people living with dementia worldwide could almost triple, from 47 to 132 million, with associated costs rising to $3 trillion. To reduce the future incidence of dementia, there is an immediate need for interventions that target the disease process from its earliest stages. Research programs are increasingly starting to focus on midlife as a critical period for the beginning of AD-related pathology, yet the indicators of the incipient disease process in asymptomatic individuals remain poorly understood. We address this important knowledge gap by examining evidence for cognitive and structural brain changes that may differentiate, from midlife, healthy aging and pathological AD-related processes. This review crystallizes emerging trends for divergence between the two and highlights current limitations and opportunities for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Irwin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Claire Sexton
- Memory and Aging Center, Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tarun Daniel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Brian Lawlor
- Mercer's Institute for Successful Ageing, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,The Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorina Naci
- The Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Selim DG, Sexton C, Monsour P. Dentomaxillofacial radiology in Australia and dentist satisfaction with radiology reports. Aust Dent J 2018; 63:402-413. [PMID: 29963705 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentomaxillofacial Radiology (DMFR) is comprised of the smallest cohort of specialists in Australia. A survey was undertaken to assess awareness of DMFR, radiology reporting and referring protocols as well as dental practitioners' satisfaction with their radiology reporting arrangements. METHODS An original online survey created using Checkbox† was sent to dental practitioners. The survey was promoted on Australian-based dental Facebook forums and emailed to targeted members via Australian professional dental associations. RESULTS A total of 399 responses were received, with over 80% of respondents aware of DMFR as a specialty. Approximately 40% of practitioners were self-reporting their imaging. There was correlation between increased satisfaction with external reporting and utilization of DMFR services and decreased satisfaction with medical radiology services. More than 90% of general dentists and greater than 85% of dental specialists prefer DMFR reports to medical radiology reports. Approximately 80% of practitioners believed that their satisfaction would change positively if they had access to a DMFR report. CONCLUSION The research indicates a high degree of self-reporting or non-reporting by dental practitioners. There is low satisfaction with external reporting performed by Medical Radiologists primarily due to a lack of dental knowledge or detail and a preference for DMF Radiology reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Selim
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - C Sexton
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - P Monsour
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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19
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Mavrommati F, Collett J, Franssen M, Meaney A, Sexton C, Dennis-West A, Betts JF, Izadi H, Bogdanovic M, Tims M, Farmer A, Dawes H. Exercise response in Parkinson's disease: insights from a cross-sectional comparison with sedentary controls and a per-protocol analysis of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017194. [PMID: 29282259 PMCID: PMC5770916 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the acute and adaptation cardiovascular and metabolic training responses in people with Parkinson's disease (pwP). DESIGN (1) A cross-sectional study of exercise response of pwP compared with sedentary controls and (2) an interventional study of exercise training in pwP. SETTING Community leisure facilities. PARTICIPANTS pwP (n=83) and sedentary controls (n=55). INTERVENTIONS Study 1 included participants from a two-arm-parallel single-blind phase II randomised controlled trial (RCT), that undertook a baseline maximal incremental exercise test and study 2 included those randomised to the exercise group in the RCT, who completed a 6-month weekly exercise programme (n=37). The intervention study 2 was a prescribed exercise program consisting of sessions lasting 60 min, two times a week over a 6-month period. The control group followed the same protocol which derived the same cardiorespiratory parameters, except that they were instructed to aim for a cadence of ~60 revolutions per minute and the unloaded phase lasted 3 min with an initial step of 25 W. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Stepwise incremental exercise test to volitional exhaustion was the primary outcome measure. RESULTS Study 1 showed higher maximum values for heart rate (HR), VO2 L/min, VCO2 L/min and ventilation L/min for the control group; respiratory exchange ratio (RER), perceived exertion and O2 pulse (VO2 L/min/HR) did not differ between groups. In study 2, for pwP who adhered to training (n=37), RER increased significantly and although there was no significant change in aerobic capacity or HR response, reduced blood pressure was found. CONCLUSIONS An abnormal cardiovascular response to exercise was observed in pwP compared to controls. After the exercise programme, metabolic deficiencies remained for pwP. These observations add to the pathogenic understanding of PD, acknowledge an underling metabolic contribution and support that certain cardiovascular symptoms may improve as a result of this type of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Mavrommati
- Oxford University Hospitals Research and Development Department, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- Movement Science Group, Oxford BrookesUniversity, Oxford, UK
| | - Johnny Collett
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Marloes Franssen
- Primary Care Clinical Trials Unit, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andy Meaney
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Claire Sexton
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea Dennis-West
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jill F Betts
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hooshang Izadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Martin Tims
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Farmer
- Primary Care Clinical Trials Unit, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen Dawes
- Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurology, Oxford Brookes University, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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20
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Topiwala A, Allan C, Valkanova V, Zsoldos E, Filippini N, Sexton C, Mahmood A, Fooks P, Singh-Manoux A, Mackay C, Kivimiki M, Ebmeier K. S22-3MODERATE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION MAY BE A RISK FACTOR FOR ADVERSE BRAIN OUTCOMES AND COGNITIVE DECLINE. Alcohol Alcohol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agx075.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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21
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Heise V, Zsoldos E, Suri S, Sexton C, Topiwala A, Filippini N, Mahmood A, Allan CL, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimäki M, Mackay CE, Ebmeier KP. Uncoupling protein 2 haplotype does not affect human brain structure and function in a sample of community-dwelling older adults. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181392. [PMID: 28771482 PMCID: PMC5542610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a mitochondrial membrane protein that plays a role in uncoupling electron transport from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) formation. Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene in humans affect protein expression and function and have been linked to survival into old age. Since UCP2 is expressed in several brain regions, we investigated in this study whether UCP2 polymorphisms might 1) affect occurrence of neurodegenerative or mental health disorders and 2) affect measures of brain structure and function. We used structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion-weighted MRI and resting-state functional MRI in the neuroimaging sub-study of the Whitehall II cohort. Data from 536 individuals aged 60 to 83 years were analyzed. No association of UCP2 polymorphisms with the occurrence of neurodegenerative disorders or grey and white matter structure or resting-state functional connectivity was observed. However, there was a significant effect on occurrence of mood disorders in men with the minor alleles of -866G>A (rs659366) and Ala55Val (rs660339)) being associated with increasing odds of lifetime occurrence of mood disorders in a dose dependent manner. This result was not accompanied by effects of UCP2 polymorphisms on brain structure and function, which might either indicate that the sample investigated here was too small and underpowered to find any significant effects, or that potential effects of UCP2 polymorphisms on the brain are too subtle to be picked up by any of the neuroimaging measures used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Heise
- OHBA, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sana Suri
- OHBA, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Sexton
- OHBA, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anya Topiwala
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Filippini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Abda Mahmood
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte L. Allan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Archana Singh-Manoux
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Hôpital Paul Brousse, INSERM, U1018, Villejuif, France
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clare E. Mackay
- OHBA, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus P. Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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22
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Topiwala A, Allan CL, Valkanova V, Zsoldos E, Filippini N, Sexton C, Mahmood A, Fooks P, Singh-Manoux A, Mackay CE, Kivimäki M, Ebmeier KP. Moderate alcohol consumption as risk factor for adverse brain outcomes and cognitive decline: longitudinal cohort study. BMJ 2017; 357:j2353. [PMID: 28588063 PMCID: PMC5460586 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.j2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate whether moderate alcohol consumption has a favourable or adverse association or no association with brain structure and function.Design Observational cohort study with weekly alcohol intake and cognitive performance measured repeatedly over 30 years (1985-2015). Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at study endpoint (2012-15).Setting Community dwelling adults enrolled in the Whitehall II cohort based in the UK (the Whitehall II imaging substudy).Participants 550 men and women with mean age 43.0 (SD 5.4) at study baseline, none were "alcohol dependent" according to the CAGE screening questionnaire, and all safe to undergo MRI of the brain at follow-up. Twenty three were excluded because of incomplete or poor quality imaging data or gross structural abnormality (such as a brain cyst) or incomplete alcohol use, sociodemographic, health, or cognitive data.Main outcome measures Structural brain measures included hippocampal atrophy, grey matter density, and white matter microstructure. Functional measures included cognitive decline over the study and cross sectional cognitive performance at the time of scanning.Results Higher alcohol consumption over the 30 year follow-up was associated with increased odds of hippocampal atrophy in a dose dependent fashion. While those consuming over 30 units a week were at the highest risk compared with abstainers (odds ratio 5.8, 95% confidence interval 1.8 to 18.6; P≤0.001), even those drinking moderately (14-21 units/week) had three times the odds of right sided hippocampal atrophy (3.4, 1.4 to 8.1; P=0.007). There was no protective effect of light drinking (1-<7 units/week) over abstinence. Higher alcohol use was also associated with differences in corpus callosum microstructure and faster decline in lexical fluency. No association was found with cross sectional cognitive performance or longitudinal changes in semantic fluency or word recall.Conclusions Alcohol consumption, even at moderate levels, is associated with adverse brain outcomes including hippocampal atrophy. These results support the recent reduction in alcohol guidance in the UK and question the current limits recommended in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya Topiwala
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Charlotte L Allan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Vyara Valkanova
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Nicola Filippini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Claire Sexton
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Abda Mahmood
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Peggy Fooks
- University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Archana Singh-Manoux
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Clare E Mackay
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Klaus P Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
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23
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Kyle SD, Sexton C, Feige B, Rutter M, Spiegelhalder K. 0323 SLEEP AND COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE: CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSOCIATIONS FROM THE UK BIOBANK (N=477,966). Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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24
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de Lange AMG, Bråthen ACS, Grydeland H, Sexton C, Johansen-Berg H, Andersson JLR, Rohani DA, Nyberg L, Fjell AM, Walhovd KB. White matter integrity as a marker for cognitive plasticity in aging. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 47:74-82. [PMID: 27565301 PMCID: PMC5404118 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Age-related differences in white matter (WM) integrity are substantial, but it is unknown whether between-subject variability in WM integrity influences the capacity for cognitive improvement. We investigated the effects of memory training related to active and passive control conditions in older adults and tested whether WM integrity at baseline was predictive of training benefits. We hypothesized that (1) memory improvement would be restricted to the training group, (2) widespread areas would show greater mean diffusivity (MD) and lower fractional anisotropy in older adults relative to young adults, and (3) within these areas, variability in WM microstructure in the older group would be predictive of training gains. The results showed that only the group receiving training improved their memory. Significant age differences in MD and fractional anisotropy were found in widespread areas. Within these areas, voxelwise analyses showed a negative relationship between MD and memory improvement in 3 clusters, indicating that WM integrity could serve as a marker for the ability to adapt in response to cognitive challenges in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Marie Glasø de Lange
- Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anne Cecilie Sjøli Bråthen
- Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Håkon Grydeland
- Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Claire Sexton
- Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB Centre), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Heidi Johansen-Berg
- Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB Centre), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jesper L R Andersson
- Oxford Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB Centre), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Darius A Rohani
- Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders M Fjell
- Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Unit of Neuropsychology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine B Walhovd
- Research Group for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Unit of Neuropsychology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Sexton C. A descriptive case study of grieving beliefs in a hospital setting: implications for advance care planning and end of life. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2012-000250.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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26
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Hirte HW, McGuire WP, Edwards RP, Husain A, Hoskins P, Michels JE, Matulonis U, Sexton C, Fox JA, Michelson G. Final results of a phase II study of voreloxin in women with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.5002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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27
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Hirte HW, McGuire W, Edwards R, Husain A, Hoskins P, Michels J, Matulonis U, Sexton C, Michelson G. A phase II trial of voreloxin in women with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.5559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5559 Background: Voreloxin is a naphthyridine analog that intercalates DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, inducing apoptosis. Clinical activity has been observed in ovarian cancer and AML. Results are reported from a fully enrolled phase II study of 3 dose levels of single agent voreloxin in patients (pts) with 1° or 2° platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian cancer. Methods: Pts may have received ≤ 3 prior platinum regimens plus one additional non-platinum regimen. PS of 0–1 was required. Voreloxin regimens: Cohort A 48 mg/m2q3weeks (wk) (N = 65), Cohort B 60 mg/m2q4wk (N = 35), and Cohort C 75 mg/m2q4wk (N = 35) by short IV infusion. BRCA status is reported by pt consent. Results: Cohort A: 2CRs, 5PRs; ORR 11%; median PFS 82 days (52–98 days 95%CI); Cohort B: 1CR, 3PRs; ORR 11%, median PFS too early to evaluate (TETE); Cohort C - TETE. Cohort A: Febrile neutropenia (FN) incidence was low (8%). Other common G3 or G4 AEs reported (≥ 5%) were fatigue (14%) and nausea (5%). Dose delays or reductions (40%) occurred typically at Cycle 1, largely due to neutropenia. Cohort B: Dose was increased to 60 mg/m2 and dosing interval was lengthened to 4 wk, maintaining dose intensity (DI) and allowing adequate time for marrow recovery. ANC dosing criterion was changed from ANC ≥ 1,500 to ≥ 1,000. There was a marked decrease in dose delays and reductions (14%) with only 3% incidence of FN. Common G3 or 4 AEs reported (≥ 5%) were fatigue (11%) and nausea (5%). The safety profile supported further dose escalation to 75 mg/m2q4wk (Cohort C- DI increased by 25%). Data are TETE. Conclusions: Preliminary data suggest Cohorts A and B have similar safety and efficacy profiles as anticipated based on comparable DI. Fewer dose reductions and delays occurred in Cohort B, due to revised dosing criteria and increased cycle length to 4 wk. Accrual to Cohort C is complete. Efficacy and safety data for all cohorts will be reported. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- H. W. Hirte
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Weinberg Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc, South San Francisco, CA
| | - W. McGuire
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Weinberg Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc, South San Francisco, CA
| | - R. Edwards
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Weinberg Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc, South San Francisco, CA
| | - A. Husain
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Weinberg Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc, South San Francisco, CA
| | - P. Hoskins
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Weinberg Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc, South San Francisco, CA
| | - J. Michels
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Weinberg Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc, South San Francisco, CA
| | - U. Matulonis
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Weinberg Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc, South San Francisco, CA
| | - C. Sexton
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Weinberg Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc, South San Francisco, CA
| | - G. Michelson
- Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Weinberg Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Sunesis Pharmaceuticals Inc, South San Francisco, CA
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Revicki D, Willian M, Saurat JH, Papp K, Ortonne JP, Sexton C, Camez A. Impact of adalimumab treatment on health-related quality of life and other patient-reported outcomes: results from a 16-week randomized controlled trial in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2007; 158:549-57. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Morley SM, D'Alessandro M, Sexton C, Rugg EL, Navsaria H, Shemanko CS, Huber M, Hohl D, Heagerty AI, Leigh IM, Lane EB. Generation and characterization of epidermolysis bullosa simplex cell lines: scratch assays show faster migration with disruptive keratin mutations. Br J Dermatol 2003; 149:46-58. [PMID: 12890194 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is an inherited skin fragility disorder caused by mutations in keratin intermediate filament proteins. While discoveries of these mutations have increased understanding of the role of keratins and other intermediate filaments in epithelial tissues, progress towards the development of therapy for these disorders is much slower. OBJECTIVES Cell culture model systems that display these structural defects are needed for analysis of the cellular consequences of the mutations and to enable possible therapeutic strategies to be developed. Our aim was to generate immortalized cell lines as such model systems for the study of EBS. METHODS We generated a series of stable cell lines expressing EBS-associated keratin mutations, by immortalizing keratinocytes from EBS-affected skin biopsies with either simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigen or human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) E6/E7, and assessed their keratin expression (by immunofluorescence), proliferation rates and migratory behaviour (in outgrowth and scratch wound assays). RESULTS Clonal immortalized keratinocyte cell lines KEB-1, KEB-2, KEB-3 (using SV40 T antigen) and KEB-4, KEB-7 and NEB-1 (using HPV16 E6/E7) were established. These include two lines from a single individual with Weber-Cockayne EBS (i.e. KEB-3 and KEB-4, mutation K14 V270M), and three cell lines from a second family, two from siblings carrying the same mutation (KEB-1, KEB-2 lines from Dowling-Meara EBS, mutation K5 E475G) and one from an unaffected relative (NEB-1). The sixth cell line (KEB-7), with a previously unreported severe mutation (K14 R125P), was the only one to show keratin aggregates in resting conditions. Despite variations in the immortalization procedure, there was no significant difference between cell lines in keratin expression, outgrowth capabilities or response to transient heat shock. However, cell migration, as measured by speed of scratch wound closure, was significantly faster in cells with severe EBS mutations. CONCLUSIONS These cell lines provide useful culture systems in which to assess aspects of EBS-induced cell changes. The faster migration after scratch wounding of the EBS keratinocytes may be a consequence of the known upregulation of stress-activated kinase pathways in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Morley
- Cancer Research UK Cell Structure Research Group, Dundee University School of Life Sciences, MSI/WTB Complex, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K
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30
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Byun D, Mohan S, Yoo M, Sexton C, Baylink DJ, Qin X. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A accounts for the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) proteolytic activity in human pregnancy serum and enhances the mitogenic activity of IGF by degrading IGFBP-4 in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86:847-54. [PMID: 11158056 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.86.2.7223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) has been identified as the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-dependent IGF-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) protease produced by human fibroblasts. Recently, we found that serum proteases induced during human pregnancy cleaved IGFBP-4 in both an IGF-II-dependent and an IGF-II-independent fashion. This study sought to determine whether PAPP-A is the predominant IGFBP-4 protease in human pregnancy serum (PS) and to assess the in vitro role of serum PAPP-A. Immunoprecipitation with PAPP-A antibody effectively depleted PAPP-A from the PS and completely abolished both IGF-II-dependent and IGF-II-independent IGFBP-4 proteolytic activity in PS. Direct addition of PAPP-A antibody to PS completely blocked IGFBP-4 proteolysis and partially blocked IGFBP-5 proteolysis, but had no effect on IGFBP-3 proteolysis. To evaluate the role of serum PAPP-A, we tested whether PAPP-A in PS modulated the inhibitory activity of IGFBP-4 on IGF-II-induced cell proliferation in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells. The wild-type IGFBP-4 (WTBP-4; 200 ng/mL) failed to inhibit proliferation of the cells treated with PS (0.1% or 0.3%) alone or in combination with IGF-II (40 ng/mL), whereas the inhibitory effect of WTBP-4 was observed in the cells treated with nonpregnancy serum alone or in combination with IGF-II (P < 0.05). In contrast to WTBP-4, a protease-resistant IGFBP-4 was able to inhibit proliferation of the cells treated with PS alone or in combination with IGF-II (P < 0.05). In the presence of PAPP-A neutralizing antibody, the inhibitory effect of WTBP-4 on proliferation of the cells treated with IGF-II and PS was restored. In summary, these data demonstrate 1) that PAPP-A represents the predominant IGFBP-4 protease in PS; 2) that PAPP-A may in part contribute to IGFBP-5, but not IGFBP-3, proteolytic activity in PS; and 3) that PAPP-A enhances the bioactivity of IGFs in vitro by degrading IGFBP-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Byun
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, J. L. Pettis Memorial Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92357, USA
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31
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Norman JG, Fink GW, Denham W, Yang J, Carter G, Sexton C, Falkner J, Gower WR, Franz MG. Tissue-specific cytokine production during experimental acute pancreatitis. A probable mechanism for distant organ dysfunction. Dig Dis Sci 1997; 42:1783-8. [PMID: 9286248 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018886120711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Our purpose was to determine if cytokines are produced systemically during acute pancreatitis. Proinflammatory cytokines are elevated during acute pancreatitis and have been implicated in the progression of pancreatitis-associated multiple organ dysfunction. Whether these mediators are produced within all tissues or very few specific organs is not known. Edematous pancreatitis was induced in adult male mice by IP injection of cerulein. Necrotizing pancreatitis was induced in young female mice by feeding a choline-deficient, ethionine supplemented diet. Animals were sacrificed as pancreatitis worsened, with multiple organs prepared for tissue mRNA and protein analysis by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Pancreatitis severity was established by histologic grading and serum amylase and lipase. There was no cytokine mRNA or protein detectable prior to the induction of pancreatitis. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA and protein were detected within the pancreas early in the course of pancreatitis in both models, coinciding with the development of hyperamylasemia (both P < 0.001). Interleukin-6 was produced in the pancreas after pancreatitis was more fully developed (P < 0.001). IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha were subsequently produced in large amounts in lung, liver, and spleen but never within kidney, cardiac muscle, or skeletal muscle. A significant delay between pancreatic and distant organ cytokine production was always observed. It is concluded that proinflammatory cytokines are produced within the pancreas and within organs known to develop dysfunction during severe pancreatitis. Cytokine production is tissue specific, correlates with disease severity, and occurs within the pancreas first and subsequently within distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Norman
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612, USA
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32
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Norman JG, Fink GW, Denham W, Yang J, Carter G, Sexton C, Falkner J, Gower WR, Franz MG. Tissue-specific cytokine production during experimental acute pancreatitis. A probable mechanism for distant organ dysfunction. Dig Dis Sci 1997. [PMID: 9286248 DOI: 10.1023/a: 1018886120711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Our purpose was to determine if cytokines are produced systemically during acute pancreatitis. Proinflammatory cytokines are elevated during acute pancreatitis and have been implicated in the progression of pancreatitis-associated multiple organ dysfunction. Whether these mediators are produced within all tissues or very few specific organs is not known. Edematous pancreatitis was induced in adult male mice by IP injection of cerulein. Necrotizing pancreatitis was induced in young female mice by feeding a choline-deficient, ethionine supplemented diet. Animals were sacrificed as pancreatitis worsened, with multiple organs prepared for tissue mRNA and protein analysis by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Pancreatitis severity was established by histologic grading and serum amylase and lipase. There was no cytokine mRNA or protein detectable prior to the induction of pancreatitis. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA and protein were detected within the pancreas early in the course of pancreatitis in both models, coinciding with the development of hyperamylasemia (both P < 0.001). Interleukin-6 was produced in the pancreas after pancreatitis was more fully developed (P < 0.001). IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha were subsequently produced in large amounts in lung, liver, and spleen but never within kidney, cardiac muscle, or skeletal muscle. A significant delay between pancreatic and distant organ cytokine production was always observed. It is concluded that proinflammatory cytokines are produced within the pancreas and within organs known to develop dysfunction during severe pancreatitis. Cytokine production is tissue specific, correlates with disease severity, and occurs within the pancreas first and subsequently within distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Norman
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612, USA
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33
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Sexton C, Buss D, Powell B, O'Connor M, Rainer R, Woodruff R, Cruz J, Pettenati M, Rao PN, Case LD. Usefulness and limitations of serum and urine lysozyme levels in the classification of acute myeloid leukemia: an analysis of 208 cases. Leuk Res 1996; 20:467-72. [PMID: 8709618 DOI: 10.1016/0145-2126(96)00001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The revised French-American-British (FAB) classification system for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) recommends the determination of serum lysozyme (SL) or urine lysozyme (UL) levels as an aid in distinguishing acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation (FAB M2) from acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4). We reviewed retrospectively 208 cases of adult leukemia in which SL and/or UL were obtained. Elevated lysozyme levels were not found in any of the M0, M3, or M7 cases, but were increased (false positive) in three (14%) M1 cases, 18 (19%) M2 cases and one (20%) M6 case. Although a UL value in excess of 3x normal was found in most cases of AML M4 and M5, only five (11%) M4 cases and three (20%) M5 cases had SL elevations of this magnitude. Lysozyme levels need to be interpreted in conjunction with other parameters for FAB classification.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/classification
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/classification
- Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/classification
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/classification
- Leukemia, Myeloid/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/classification
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/classification
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/enzymology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Muramidase/blood
- Muramidase/urine
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sexton
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1072, USA
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Norman JG, Fink GW, Sexton C, Carter G. Transgenic animals demonstrate a role for the IL-1 receptor in regulating IL-1beta gene expression at steady-state and during the systemic stress induced by acute pancreatitis. J Surg Res 1996; 63:231-6. [PMID: 8661203 DOI: 10.1006/jsre.1996.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene expression is selectively induced in tissues involved in multisystem organ failure during acute pancreatitis, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of distant organ dysfunction. This study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism of pancreatitis-induced end organ cytokine production and to better understand the processes by which IL-1 production is regulated. Seventy adult male transgenic mice in which the type 1 IL-1 receptor had been deleted by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells were utilized (homozygous -/- IL-1R knockout). Acute pancreatitis was induced by one of two methods: (A) IP injections of caerulein (50 microgram/kg/hr x 4) with animals sacrificed at 0, .5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hr; (B) 48-hr exposure to a choline deficient ethionine supplemented (CDE) diet with animals sacrificed at 0 and 72 hr. Knockout animals were compared to strain-specific control mice expressing the normal wild-type IL-1 receptor gene in which pancreatitis was similarly induced. The severity of pancreatitis was stratified by serum amylase, lipase, and blind histologic grading. IL-1 mRNA production was determined within the pancreas, lungs, liver, and spleen by quantitative differential RT-PCR. Deletion of the IL-1R1 attenuated the severity of pancreatitis, reaching statistical significance in the less severe edematous model. There was little or no constitutive expression of IL-1 mRNA within any of the tissues examined from wild-type animals; however, knockout animals showed elevated steady-state levels in each tissue. IL-1 mRNA became detectable in all tissues of wild-type animals shortly after either form of pancreatitis became apparent and increased significantly with worsening pancreatitis. Despite the attenuated pancreatitis, knockout animals produced significantly greater levels of IL-1 mRNA in each tissue, typically demonstrating a 30-50% increase over time matched IL-1 mRNA production in wild-type animals which was not pancreatitis model dependent. We conclude that genetic deletion of IL-1 receptors results in the overproduction of IL-1 mRNA in organs known to produce cytokines during pancreatitis even when the severity of pancreatitis is lessened. This suggests that a negative feedback loop exists between the IL-1 receptor and IL-1 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Norman
- Department of Surgery and the Pancreas Study Group, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612, USA
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35
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Norman JG, Fink G, Franz M, Guffey J, Carter G, Davison B, Sexton C, Glaccum M. Active interleukin-1 receptor required for maximal progression of acute pancreatitis. Ann Surg 1996; 223:163-9. [PMID: 8597510 PMCID: PMC1235092 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-199602000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors' aim was to determine the requirement for an active interleukin (IL)-1 receptor during the development and progression of acute pancreatitis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Interleukin-1 is a pro- inflammatory cytokine that has been shown to be produced during acute pancreatitis. Earlier animal studies of moderate and severe pancreatitis have shown that blockade of this powerful mediator is associated with attenuated pancreatic destruction and dramatic increases in survival. The exact role played by IL-1 and the requirement for activation of its receptor in the initiation and progression of pancreatitis is unknown. METHODS Conventional and IL-1 receptor "knockout" animals were used in parallel experiments of acute pancreatitis induced by intraperitoneal injection of cerulean (50 microg/kg every 1 hour X 4). The conventional mouse strain had the IL-1 receptor blocked prophylactically by means of a recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (10 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally every 2 hours). The second mouse strain was genetically engineered by means of gene targeting in murine embryonic stem cells to be devoid of type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1 receptor knockout). Animals were killed at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hours, with the severity of pancreatitis determined by serum amylase, lipase, and IL-6 levels and blind histologic grading. Strain-specific controls were used for comparison. RESULTS The genetic absence of the IL-1 receptor or its pharmacologic blockade resulted in significantly attenuated pancreatic vacuolization, edema, necrosis, inflammation, and enzyme release. Serum IL-6, a marker of inflammation severity, was dramatically decreased in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Activation of the IL-1 receptor is not required for the development of pancreatitis but apparently is necessary for the maximal propagation of pancreatic injury and its associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Norman
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Abstract
A cell line derived from the urothelium lining the ureter of a 12-year-old girl was immortalised using a temperature-sensitive SV40 large T-antigen gene construct, and designated UROtsa. Following immortalisation, UROtsa cells expressed SV40 large T-antigen, but did not acquire characteristics of neoplastic transformation, including growth in soft agar or the development of tumours in nude mice. Metaphase spreads had a normal chromosomal appearance and number. UROtsa cells remained permissive for cell growth at 39 degrees C, indicating that they did not retain temperature sensitivity. UROtsa provides an in vitro model of "normal" urothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Petzoldt
- Institute of Urology and Nephrology, University College London, UK
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Sinclair AL, Nouri AM, Oliver RT, Sexton C, Dalgleish AG. Bladder and prostate cancer screening for human papillomavirus by polymerase chain reaction: conflicting results using different annealing temperatures. Br J Biomed Sci 1993; 50:350-4. [PMID: 8130696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Two sets of L1 ORF degenerative primers, GP5/6 and MYO9/11, have been used to screen for human papillomavirus (HPV) sequences in bladder tumours, cell lines and controls by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). None of the 14 bladder and prostate tumours or nine bladder cell lines contained HPV sequences when tested with L1 ORF primer pair GP5/6 at 40 degrees C annealing temperature. In contrast, use of the L1 ORF primer pair MY09/11 at this low annealing temperature consistently gave a 450 bp band, suggesting the presence of HPV. This occurred in all samples including the negative DNA controls. An increase in stringency to an annealing temperature of 55 degrees C resulted in an elimination of this band in the test and negative control samples. This finding may explain why there are contradictory reports in the literature, and further studies are in progress to clarify this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Sinclair
- Department of Virology, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, England, UK
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Regressing atypical histiocytosis is a recently described disease characterized by recurrent nodules or ulcers. The cutaneous lesions appear abruptly and then regress only to return in a manner reminiscent of lymphomatoid papulosis. Immunophenotypic analysis has revealed that most cases are a form of anaplastic large-cell Ki-1-positive (CD30+) lymphoma. OBJECTIVE We describe two patients with Ki-1-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma that had clinical and pathologic features of regressing atypical histiocytosis and mimicked benign dermatoses (pyoderma gangrenosum and morphea), causing a delay in confirming the true diagnosis. A third case that was readily recognized as a lymphoma is also presented. METHODS The clinical and histopathologic findings were recorded. In addition, T-cell receptor gene rearrangement and immunophenotyping were determined in the index case. RESULTS The index patient and second patient were diagnosed as having Ki-1-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma by immunophenotyping and underwent cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, prednisone, and vincristine (CHOP) chemotherapy with complete remission. The patient detected by chart review died of her disease without receiving antineoplastic therapy; disseminated lymphoma was diagnosed at autopsy. Studies on paraffin-embedded tissue were consistent with Ki-1-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. CONCLUSION Regressing atypical histiocytosis may clinically resemble some benign dermatoses. Recent evaluation of these cases has shown that many represent a form of Ki-1-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. Multiple skin biopsy specimens with immunophenotyping and gene rearrangement studies are required to arrive at the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Camisa
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation
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Abstract
Fifty subjects with head louse infestation were recruited into a controlled trial to compare a phenothrin liquid shampoo with a carbaryl lotion. Twenty-seven subjects were treated with phenothrin and 23 with carbaryl, each formulation being applied only on a single occasion. Subjects were inspected for evidence of live lice and eggs at 24 hours and 3 to 4 weeks after application of treatment. The results showed that both the phenothrin liquid shampoo and the carbaryl lotion were effective in killing adult lice and viable eggs. No statistically significant difference in treatment efficacy was observed between the two groups. Fewer side-effects, however, were observed with the phenothrin liquid shampoo than with the carbaryl lotion. These results indicate that, when applied as a single treatment, a phenothrin liquid shampoo was as effective as a carbaryl lotion in eradicating head lice and eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sexton
- Norwich Health Authority, Community Unit Headquarters, Aylsham, Norfolk, England
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Abstract
A patient with progressive psoriatic arthritis refractory to methotrexate therapy was treated empirically with intravenous nitrogen mustard, or HN2. His response to therapy was compared with the responses of five rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with the same regimen. At 14 days after therapy was begun the patient with psoriatic arthritis showed significant improvement, at least comparable to that observed in the rheumatoid arthritis group. Intravenous HN2 therapy may be an alternative to methotrexate for progressive psoriatic arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Wilke
- Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Disease, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195
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41
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Camisa C, Sexton C, Friedman C. Treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with combination hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian and adrenal suppression. A case report. J Reprod Med 1989; 34:543-6. [PMID: 2509694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A 33-year-old woman with severe familial hidradenitis suppurativa of the vulva and perineum was treated with a combination of dexamethasone and a new synthetic gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist, leuprolide acetate. The clinical improvement paralleled the adrenal and ovarian suppression, as demonstrated by falling blood levels of testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione and estradiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Camisa
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44106
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