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Dong YJ, Zhang YP, Jiang XF, Xie ZY, Li B, Jiang NH, Chen SH, Lv GY. Beneficial effects of Dendrobium officinale National Herbal Drink on metabolic immune crosstalk via regulate SCFAs-Th17/Treg. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155816. [PMID: 38964158 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of gut-liver axis metabolic immune crosstalk is intimately associated with intestinal barrier disorder, intestinal SCFAs-Th17/Treg immunological imbalance, and disorders of the gut microbiota. Prior research has discovered that Dendrobium officinale National Herbal Drink (NHD), a traditional Chinese medicine drink with enhanced immunity, may enhance the immunological response in animals with impaired immune systems brought on by cyclophosphamide by repairing intestinal barrier function and controlling turbulence in the gut microbiota. However, whether NHD can further improve the gut-liver axis metabolic immune crosstalk and its related mechanisms need to be systematically studied. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to clarify the function and mechanism of NHD in enhancing the gut-liver axis metabolic immunological crosstalk brought on by excessive alcohol intake. METHODS In this work, we set up a mouse model to analyze the metabolic and immunological crosstalk involving the gut-liver axis across 7 weeks of continuous, excessive drinking. At the same time, high and low doses (20,10 ml/kg) of NHD were given by gavage. The effect of NHD on improving the metabolism of gut-liver axis was evaluated by blood lipid, liver lipid deposition, liver function and intestinal pathophysiology. By measuring serum immunological indices, intestinal barrier, and intestinal immune barrier, the impact of NHD on enhancing immune and intestinal barrier function was assessed. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, 16S rRNA, Western blot, q-PCR and other methods were used to detect gut microbiota, SCFAs-GPR41/43 pathway, intestinal Th17/Treg immune cells and PPAR-α-NPC1L1/SREBP1 pathway to elucidate the mechanism by which NHD enhances the gut-liver axis' metabolic immune crosstalk. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that NHD has the potential to improve the pathophysiological damage caused by gut-liver axis in model mice. NHD also ameliorated the disorder of lipid metabolism. In addition, it regulated the levels of peripheral blood T cell immunity and serum immune factors. And NHD can restore intestinal mechanical and immune barrier damage. NHD has a favorable impact on the quantity of beneficial bacteria, including uncultured_bacterium_g__norank_f__muribaculacea and uncultured_bacterium_g__Turicibacter. Additionally, it raised the model mice's levels of SCFAs (n-butyric acid, isovaleric acid, etc.). This resulted in the promotion of intestinal GPR41/43-ERK1/2 expression and the reshaping of intestinal CD4+T cell Th17/Treg homeostasis. As a consequence, colon IL-22 and IL-10 levels increased, while colon IL-17A levels decreased. Lastly, NHD raised the amount of intestinal IAP/LPS, regulated the development of PPAR-α-NPC1L1/SREBP1 pathway in gut-liver axis, and improve lipid metabolism disorder. CONCLUSIONS Our study found that NHD can improve the gut-liver axis metabolic immune crosstalk in model mice caused by excessive drinking. The mechanism might be connected to how NHD controls gut microbiota disorders in model mice, the activation of intestinal SCFAs-GPR41/43 pathway, the remodeling of Th17/Treg immune homeostasis of intestinal CD4+T cells, the improvement of IAP/LPS abnormality, and further mediating the PPAR-α-NPC1L1/SREBP1 pathway of lipid metabolism in gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Yi-Piao Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Bo Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Ning-Hua Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, China.
| | - Su-Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Gongshu District, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products. Huzhou 313200, China.
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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Xu H, Liu Z, Xu W, Zhang Y. Beneficial In Vitro Effects of Polysaccharide and Non-Polysaccharide Components of Dendrobium huoshanense on Gut Microbiota of Rats with Type 1 Diabetes as Opposed to Metformin. Molecules 2024; 29:2791. [PMID: 38930856 PMCID: PMC11206810 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The extract of Dendrobium huoshanense, a traditional Chinese medicinal and food homologous plant belonging to the family Orchidaceae, was previously reported to have hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects. In this study, the direct effects of polysaccharide (DHP) and non-polysaccharide (NDHP) components of D. huoshanense, as well as its water extract (DHWE) were compared with that of metformin (an antidiabetic drug) on the gut microbiota (collected from fecal flora) of rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes (T1D) using an in vitro fermentation method. The results showed that DHWE, DHP, and NDHP reduced pH and increased bacterial proliferation and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content in fermentation broth. DHWE, DHP, NDHP and metformin promoted the production of acetic and propionic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid, and propionic acid, respectively. DHWE, DHP, and NDHP reduced the abundance of Proteobacteria (subdominant pathogenic bacteria) and increased the abundance of Firmicutes (dominant beneficial gut bacteria). NDHP also reduced the abundance of Bacteroidetes (beneficial and conditional pathogenic). Metformin increased the abundance of Proteobacteria and reduced the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, NDHP promoted the proliferation of Megamonas and Megasphaera and decreased harmful bacteria (e.g., Klebsiella), and DHP increased the abundance of Prevotellaceae (opportunistic and usually harmless). By contrast, metformin increased the abundance of harmful bacteria (e.g., Citrobacter) and reduced the abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Oscillospira). Our study indicates that DHWE, DHP, and NDHP are potentially more beneficial than metformin on the gut microbiota of T1D rats in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Xu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an 237012, China; (Z.L.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.)
- Engineering Laboratory of Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources in Anhui Province, Lu’an 237012, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation and Improvement of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu’an 237012, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an 237012, China; (Z.L.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an 237012, China; (Z.L.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yafei Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an 237012, China; (Z.L.); (W.X.); (Y.Z.)
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Hiney K, Sypniewski L, DeSilva U, Pezeshki A, Rudra P, Goodarzi P, Willis E, McFarlane D. Fecal microbiota composition, serum metabolomics, and markers of inflammation in dogs fed a raw meat-based diet compared to those on a kibble diet. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1328513. [PMID: 38694479 PMCID: PMC11061498 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1328513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the potential health risks associated with feeding raw and non-traditional diets, the use of these diets in dogs is increasing, yet the health outcomes associated with these diets is not well understood. This study investigates the effect of feeding dogs a kibble or raw meat-based diets on fecal microbiota composition, serum metabolomics and inflammatory markers. Methods Clinically healthy dogs with a history of consuming either kibble (KD, n = 27) or raw meat-based diets (RMBD, n = 28) for more than 1 year were enrolled. Dogs were fed a standardized diet of either a single brand of KD or RMBD for 28 days. Serum and fecal samples were collected for analysis of microbiota, metabolomics, and inflammatory markers. Multiple regression analysis was performed for each of the metabolites and inflammatory markers, with feed group, age and BCS included as independent variables. Results The fecal microbiota composition differed between the KD and RMBD groups. Beta-diversity and some indices of alpha-diversity (i.e., Shannon and Simpson) were different between the two diet groups. Sixty- three serum metabolites differed between KD and RMBD-fed dogs with the majority reflecting the differences in macronutrient composition of the two diets.Fecal IAP, IgG and IgA were significantly higher in RMBD dogs compared to KD dogs, while systemic markers of inflammation, including serum c-reactive protein (CRP), galectin, secretory receptor of advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), haptoglobin, and serum IgG were similar in dogs fed either diet. Discussion Diet composition significantly affected fecal microbiota composition and metabolome. Although it had a potentially beneficial effect on local inflammatory markers, feeding RMBD had no impact on systemic inflammation. The influence of these changes on long term health outcomes provides an area for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris Hiney
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Ferguson College of Agriculture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Lara Sypniewski
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Udaya DeSilva
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Ferguson College of Agriculture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Adel Pezeshki
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Ferguson College of Agriculture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Pratyaydipta Rudra
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Parniyan Goodarzi
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Ferguson College of Agriculture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Erin Willis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Dianne McFarlane
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Gao C, Koko MY, Hong W, Gankhuyag J, Hui M, Gantumur MA, Dong N. Protective Properties of Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Supplementation on the Intestinal Barrier: Interactions and Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:27-45. [PMID: 37964463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and its dysfunction is associated with various diseases. Recent findings have revealed the multifunctional role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) in diverse biological processes, including gut health maintenance and function. This review summarizes the protective effects of IAP on intestinal barrier integrity, encompassing the physical, chemical, microbial, and immune barriers. We discuss the results and insights from in vitro, animal model, and clinical studies as well as the available evidence regarding the impact of diet on IAP activity and expression. IAP can also be used as an indicator to assess intestinal-barrier-related diseases. Further research into the mechanisms of action and long-term health effects of IAP in maintaining overall intestinal health is essential for its future use as a dietary supplement or functional component in medical foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhe Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Marwa Yagoub Koko
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Weichen Hong
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Javzan Gankhuyag
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Mizhou Hui
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Munkh-Amgalan Gantumur
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Na Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
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Fedulovs A, Pahirko L, Jekabsons K, Kunrade L, Valeinis J, Riekstina U, Pīrāgs V, Sokolovska J. Association of Endotoxemia with Low-Grade Inflammation, Metabolic Syndrome and Distinct Response to Lipopolysaccharide in Type 1 Diabetes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3269. [PMID: 38137490 PMCID: PMC10740930 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The association of endotoxemia with metabolic syndrome (MS) and low-grade inflammation in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is little-studied. We investigated the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), endogenous anti-endotoxin core antibodies (EndoCAb IgG and IgM) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in 74 T1D patients with different MS statuses and 33 control subjects. Within the T1D group, 31 patients had MS. These subjects had higher levels of LPS compared to patients without MS (MS 0.42 (0.35-0.56) or no MS 0.34 (0.3-0.4), p = 0.009). MS was associated with LPS/HDL (OR = 6.5 (2.1; 20.0), p = 0.036) and EndoCAb IgM (OR = 0.32 (0.11; 0.93), p = 0.036) in patients with T1D. LBP (β = 0.30 (0.09; 0.51), p = 0.005), EndoCAb IgG (β = 0.29 (0.07; 0.51), p = 0.008) and the LPS/HDL ratio (β = 0.19 (0.03; 0.41, p = 0.084) were significantly associated with log-transformed hsCRP in T1D. Higher levels of hsCRP and EndoCAb IgG were observed in T1D compared to the control (p = 0.002 and p = 0.091, respectively). In contrast to the situation in the control group, LPS did not correlate with LBP, EndoCAb, leukocytes or HDL in T1D. To conclude, endotoxemia is associated with low-grade inflammation, MS and a distinct response to LPS in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksejs Fedulovs
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (K.J.); (L.K.); (U.R.); (V.P.)
| | - Leonora Pahirko
- Faculty of Physics, Mathematics and Optometry, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (L.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Kaspars Jekabsons
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (K.J.); (L.K.); (U.R.); (V.P.)
| | - Liga Kunrade
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (K.J.); (L.K.); (U.R.); (V.P.)
| | - Jānis Valeinis
- Faculty of Physics, Mathematics and Optometry, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (L.P.); (J.V.)
| | - Una Riekstina
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (K.J.); (L.K.); (U.R.); (V.P.)
| | - Valdis Pīrāgs
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (K.J.); (L.K.); (U.R.); (V.P.)
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
| | - Jelizaveta Sokolovska
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (K.J.); (L.K.); (U.R.); (V.P.)
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Fedulovs A, Tzivian L, Zalizko P, Ivanova S, Bumane R, Janeviča J, Krūzmane L, Krustins E, Sokolovska J. Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Type I Diabetes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2679. [PMID: 37893052 PMCID: PMC10604159 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Little research is conducted on the link between diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression and diabetic gastroenteropathy in type 1 diabetes (T1D). (2) Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study with 100 T1D patients; 27 of them had progressive DKD, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline ≥3 mL/min/year or increased albuminuria stage, over a mean follow-up time of 5.89 ± 1.73 years. A newly developed score with 17 questions on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms was used. Faecal calprotectin was measured by ELISA. Lower GI endoscopies were performed in 21 patients. (3) Results: The gastrointestinal symptom score demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.78). Patients with progressive DKD had higher GI symptom scores compared to those with stable DKD (p = 0.019). The former group demonstrated more frequent bowel movement disorders (p < 0.01). The scores correlated negatively with eGFR (r = -0.335; p = 0.001), positively with albuminuria (r = 0.245; p = 0.015), Hba1c (r = 0.305; p = 0.002), and diabetes duration (r = 0.251; p = 0.012). Faecal calprotectin levels did not differ between DKD groups significantly. The most commonly reported histopathological findings of enteric mucosa were infiltration with eosinophils, lymphocytes, plasmacytes, the presence of lymphoid follicles, and lymphoid aggregates. Conclusion: The progression of DKD is positively correlated with gastrointestinal symptoms; however, more research is needed to clarify the causal relationships of the gut-kidney axis in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksejs Fedulovs
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (L.T.); (P.Z.); (S.I.); (R.B.); (J.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Lilian Tzivian
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (L.T.); (P.Z.); (S.I.); (R.B.); (J.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Polina Zalizko
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (L.T.); (P.Z.); (S.I.); (R.B.); (J.J.); (L.K.)
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsoņu Street 13, LV 1002 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Santa Ivanova
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (L.T.); (P.Z.); (S.I.); (R.B.); (J.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Renāte Bumane
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (L.T.); (P.Z.); (S.I.); (R.B.); (J.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Jana Janeviča
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (L.T.); (P.Z.); (S.I.); (R.B.); (J.J.); (L.K.)
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsoņu Street 13, LV 1002 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Lelde Krūzmane
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (L.T.); (P.Z.); (S.I.); (R.B.); (J.J.); (L.K.)
| | - Eduards Krustins
- Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsoņu Street 13, LV 1002 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Jelizaveta Sokolovska
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia; (A.F.); (L.T.); (P.Z.); (S.I.); (R.B.); (J.J.); (L.K.)
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Rafaqat S, Sattar A, Khalid A, Rafaqat S. Role of liver parameters in diabetes mellitus - a narrative review. Endocr Regul 2023; 57:200-220. [PMID: 37715985 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2023-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia and abnormalities in insulin secretion and function. This review article focuses on various liver parameters, including albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), alpha 1 antitrypsin (AAT), ammonia, bilirubin, bile acid, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), immunoglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and total protein. These parameters play significant roles in the development of different types of diabetes such as type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and gestational diabetes (GDM). The article highlights that low albumin levels may indicate inflammation, while increased ALT and AST levels are associated with liver inflammation or injury, particularly in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Elevated ALP levels can be influenced by liver inflammation, biliary dysfunction, or bone metabolism changes. High bilirubin levels are independently linked to albuminuria in T1DM and an increased risk of T2DM. Elevated GGT levels are proposed as markers of oxidative stress and liver dysfunction in T2DM. In GDM, decreased serum AFP levels may indicate impaired embryo growth. Decreased AFP levels in T2DM can hinder the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hyperammonemia can cause encephalopathy in diabetic ketoacidosis, and children with T1DM and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder often exhibit higher ammonia levels. T2DM disrupts the regulation of nitrogen-related metabolites, leading to increased blood ammonia levels. Bile acids affect glucose regulation by activating receptors on cell surfaces and nuclei, and changes in bile acid metabolism are observed in T2DM. Increased LDH activity reflects metabolic disturbances in glucose utilization and lactate production, contributing to diabetic complications. Poor glycemic management may be associated with elevated levels of IgA and IgG serum antibodies, and increased immunoglobulin levels are also associated with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Rafaqat
- 1Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Sattar
- 2Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Amber Khalid
- 3Department of Zoology, University of Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saira Rafaqat
- 2Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Gut Microbiota Functional Traits, Blood pH, and Anti-GAD Antibodies Concur in the Clinical Characterization of T1D at Onset. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810256. [PMID: 36142163 PMCID: PMC9499637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of gut microbiota have been identified before clinical manifestation of type 1 diabetes (T1D). To identify the associations amongst gut microbiome profile, metabolism and disease markers, the 16S rRNA-based microbiota profiling and 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis were performed on stool samples of 52 T1D patients at onset, 17 T1D siblings and 57 healthy subjects (CTRL). Univariate, multivariate analyses and classification models were applied to clinical and -omic integrated datasets. In T1D patients and their siblings, Clostridiales and Dorea were increased and Dialister and Akkermansia were decreased compared to CTRL, while in T1D, Lachnospiraceae were higher and Collinsella was lower, compared to siblings and CTRL. Higher levels of isobutyrate, malonate, Clostridium, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridiales, Bacteroidales, were associated to T1D compared to CTRL. Patients with higher anti-GAD levels showed low abundances of Roseburia, Faecalibacterium and Alistipes and those with normal blood pH and low serum HbA1c levels showed high levels of purine and pyrimidine intermediates. We detected specific gut microbiota profiles linked to both T1D at the onset and to diabetes familiarity. The presence of specific microbial and metabolic profiles in gut linked to anti-GAD levels and to blood acidosis can be considered as predictive biomarker associated progression and severity of T1D.
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Gao C, Koko MYF, Ding M, Hong W, Li J, Dong N, Hui M. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP, IAP Enhancer) attenuates intestinal inflammation and alleviates insulin resistance. Front Immunol 2022; 13:927272. [PMID: 35958560 PMCID: PMC9359302 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.927272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) in controlled intestinal inflammation and alleviated associated insulin resistance (IR). We also explored the possible underlying molecular mechanisms, showed the preventive effect of IAP on IR in vivo, and verified the dephosphorylation of IAP for the inhibition of intestinal inflammation in vitro. Furthermore, we examined the preventive role of IAP in IR induced by a high-fat diet in mice. We found that an IAP + IAP enhancer significantly ameliorated blood glucose, insulin, low-density lipoprotein, gut barrier function, inflammatory markers, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in serum. IAP could dephosphorylate LPS and nucleoside triphosphate in a pH-dependent manner in vitro. Firstly, LPS is inactivated by IAP and IAP reduces LPS-induced inflammation. Secondly, adenosine, a dephosphorylated product of adenosine triphosphate, elicited anti-inflammatory effects by binding to the A2A receptor, which inhibits NF-κB, TNF, and PI3K-Akt signalling pathways. Hence, IAP can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory agent to reduce intestinal inflammation-induced IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhe Gao
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | | | | | - Weichen Hong
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianping Li
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Na Dong
- The Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Na Dong, ; Mizhou Hui,
| | - Mizhou Hui
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Na Dong, ; Mizhou Hui,
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Effects of Butyrate Supplementation on Inflammation and Kidney Parameters in Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133573. [PMID: 35806857 PMCID: PMC9267418 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is associated with increased intestinal inflammation and decreased abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria. We investigated the effect of butyrate on inflammation, kidney parameters, HbA1c, serum metabolites and gastrointestinal symptoms in persons with type 1 diabetes, albuminuria and intestinal inflammation. We conducted a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel clinical study involving 53 participants randomized to 3.6 g sodium butyrate daily or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in fecal calprotectin. Additional endpoints were the change in fecal short chain fatty acids, intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity and immunoglobulins, serum lipopolysaccharide, CRP, albuminuria, kidney function, HbA1c, metabolites and gastrointestinal symptoms. The mean age was 54 ± 13 years, and the median [Q1:Q3] urinary albumin excretion was 46 [14:121] mg/g. The median fecal calprotectin in the butyrate group was 48 [26:100] μg/g at baseline, and the change was −1.0 [−20:10] μg/g; the median in the placebo group was 61 [25:139] μg/g at baseline, and the change was −12 [−95:1] μg/g. The difference between the groups was not significant (p = 0.24); neither did we find an effect of butyrate compared to placebo on the other inflammatory markers, kidney parameters, HbA1c, metabolites nor gastrointestinal symptoms. Twelve weeks of butyrate supplementation did not reduce intestinal inflammation in persons with type 1 diabetes, albuminuria and intestinal inflammation.
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11
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Wedenoja S, Saarikivi A, Mälkönen J, Leskinen S, Lehto M, Adeshara K, Tuokkola J, Nikkonen A, Merras-Salmio L, Höyhtyä M, Hörkkö S, Haaramo A, Salonen A, de Vos WM, Korpela K, Kolho KL. Fecal microbiota in congenital chloride diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269561. [PMID: 35679312 PMCID: PMC9182261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Subjects with congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD; a defect in solute carrier family 26 member 3 (SLC26A3)) are prone to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We investigated fecal microbiota in CLD and CLD-associated IBD. We also tested whether microbiota is modulated by supplementation with the short-chain fatty acid butyrate. Subjects and methods We recruited 30 patients with CLD for an observational 3-week follow-up study. Thereafter, 16 consented to oral butyrate substitution for a 3-week observational period. Fecal samples, collected once a week, were assayed for calprotectin and potential markers of inflammation, and studied by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing and compared to that of 19 healthy controls and 43 controls with Crohn’s disease. Data on intestinal symptoms, diet and quality of life were collected. Results Patients with CLD had increased abundances of Proteobacteria, Veillonella, and Prevotella, and lower abundances of normally dominant taxa Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae when compared with healthy controls and Crohn´s disease. No major differences in fecal microbiota were found between CLD and CLD-associated IBD (including two with yet untreated IBD). Butyrate was poorly tolerated and showed no major effects on fecal microbiota or biomarkers in CLD. Conclusions Fecal microbiota in CLD is different from that of healthy subjects or Crohn´s disease. Unexpectedly, no changes in the microbiota or fecal markers characterized CLD-associated IBD, an entity with high frequency among patients with CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Wedenoja
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki Saarikivi
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jani Mälkönen
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Leskinen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kuopio and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Lehto
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Research Programs, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Krishna Adeshara
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Research Programs, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jetta Tuokkola
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Nikkonen
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Merras-Salmio
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miikka Höyhtyä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sohvi Hörkkö
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anu Haaramo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Katri Korpela
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaija-Leena Kolho
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
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Wu Y, Wu C, Che Y, Zhang T, Dai C, Nguyễn AD, Duan K, Huang Y, Li N, Zhou H, Wan X, Wang Y, Lei H, Hao P, Li C, Wu Y. Effects of Glycyrrhiza Polysaccharides on Chickens' Intestinal Health and Homeostasis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:891429. [PMID: 35647094 PMCID: PMC9134109 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.891429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics in poultry farming causes the accumulation of drug residue in animals' bodies and the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which not only compromise animals' health but ultimately endanger human health. Thus, there is an urgent need for a novel poultry feed additive to substitute for excessive antibiotics. Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides (GPS) derived from Chinese licorice have shown promising immunomodulatory effects in previous studies. The present study investigated the pharmacological effects of GPS on poultry intestines to assess whether it can be used as a feed additive. The results show that GPS can increase production of sIgA, promote the secretion activity of goblet cells, alter the gut microbial composition and lead to changes in short-chain fatty acids. GPS also elevated both Th1 and Th2 immune responses by facilitating the expression of IL-2, IL-4, IL-1β, and IFN-γ while increasing the proportion of both CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the intestine. Moreover, the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that GPS could significantly change intestinal microbiota composition in the intestine, evidenced by the increased proportion of Bacteroides, Butyricicoccus and Eisenbergiella, as well as a decreased portion of Erysipelatoclostridium, leading to a healthier intestinal microbiota composition for the host. Taken together, it can be concluded that GPS is safe to use as a novel feed additive that can be used as an alternative to prophylactic antibiotics in poultry feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyang Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyun Che
- Engineering Laboratory for National Healthcare Theories and Products of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Experimental Teaching Center of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Audrey D. Nguyễn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Kun Duan
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Nannan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuedi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjun Lei
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Hao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Caiyue Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Wu ;
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13
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Wu H, Wang Y, Li H, Meng L, Zheng N, Wang J. Protective Effect of Alkaline Phosphatase Supplementation on Infant Health. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091212. [PMID: 35563935 PMCID: PMC9101100 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is abundant in raw milk. Because of its high heat resistance, ALP negative is used as an indicator of successful sterilization. However, pasteurized milk loses its immune protection against allergy. Clinically, ALP is also used as an indicator of organ diseases. When the activity of ALP in blood increases, it is considered that diseases occur in viscera and organs. Oral administration or injecting ALP will not cause harm to the body and has a variety of probiotic effects. For infants with low immunity, ALP intake is a good prebiotic for protecting the infant’s intestine from potential pathogenic bacteria. In addition, ALP has a variety of probiotic effects for any age group, including prevention and treatment intestinal diseases, allergies, hepatitis, acute kidney injury (AKI), diabetes, and even the prevention of aging. The prebiotic effects of alkaline phosphatase on the health of infants and consumers and the content of ALP in different mammalian raw milk are summarized. The review calls on consumers and manufacturers to pay more attention to ALP, especially for infants with incomplete immune development. ALP supplementation is conducive to the healthy growth of infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Huiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-62816069
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (H.W.); (H.L.); (L.M.); (J.W.)
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Pussinen PJ, Kopra E, Pietiäinen M, Lehto M, Zaric S, Paju S, Salminen A. Periodontitis and cardiometabolic disorders: The role of lipopolysaccharide and endotoxemia. Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:19-40. [PMID: 35244966 PMCID: PMC9314839 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide is a virulence factor of gram-negative bacteria with a crucial importance to the bacterial surface integrity. From the host's perspective, lipopolysaccharide plays a role in both local and systemic inflammation, activates both innate and adaptive immunity, and can trigger inflammation either directly (as a microbe-associated molecular pattern) or indirectly (by inducing the generation of nonmicrobial, danger-associated molecular patterns). Translocation of lipopolysaccharide into the circulation causes endotoxemia, which is typically measured as the biological activity of lipopolysaccharide to induce coagulation of an aqueous extract of blood cells of the assay. Apparently healthy subjects have a low circulating lipopolysaccharide activity, since it is neutralized and cleared rapidly. However, chronic endotoxemia is involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammation-driven conditions, especially cardiometabolic disorders. These include atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, obesity, liver diseases, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, where endotoxemia has been recognized as a risk factor. The main source of endotoxemia is thought to be the gut microbiota. However, the oral dysbiosis in periodontitis, which is typically enriched with gram-negative bacterial species, may also contribute to endotoxemia. As endotoxemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders, lipopolysaccharide could be considered as a molecular link between periodontal microbiota and cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirkko J Pussinen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa Kopra
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milla Pietiäinen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Lehto
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Research Programs, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Svetislav Zaric
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Susanna Paju
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aino Salminen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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15
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Rapid and facile electrospray preparation of CsPbBr3@PMMA fluorescent microspheres for fluorescent detection of ALP in biological samples. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Gromova LV, Polozov AS, Savochkina EV, Alekseeva AS, Dmitrieva YV, Kornyushin OV, Gruzdkov AA. Effect of Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance on Digestive Enzymes and Glucose Absorption in the Small Intestine of Young Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020385. [PMID: 35057569 PMCID: PMC8779211 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactions of intestinal functional parameters to type 2 diabetes at a young age remain unclear. The study aimed to assess changes in the activity of intestinal enzymes, glucose absorption, transporter content (SGLT1, GLUT2) and intestinal structure in young Wistar rats with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). To induce these conditions in the T2D (n = 4) and IGT (n = 6) rats, we used a high-fat diet and a low dose of streptozotocin. Rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) (n = 6) or a standard diet (SCD) (n = 6) were used as controls. The results showed that in T2D rats, the ability of the small intestine to absorb glucose was higher in comparison to HFD rats (p < 0.05). This was accompanied by a tendency towards an increase in the number of enterocytes on the villi of the small intestine in the absence of changes in the content of SGLT1 and GLUT2 in the brush border membrane of the enterocytes. T2D rats also showed lower maltase and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity in the jejunal mucosa compared to the IGT rats (p < 0.05) and lower AP activity in the colon contents compared to the HFD (p < 0.05) and IGT (p < 0.05) rats. Thus, this study provides insights into the adaptation of the functional and structural parameters of the small intestine in the development of type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in young representatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Gromova
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova emb., 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (L.V.G.); (A.S.P.); (E.V.S.); (A.S.A.); (Y.V.D.)
| | - Alexandr S. Polozov
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova emb., 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (L.V.G.); (A.S.P.); (E.V.S.); (A.S.A.); (Y.V.D.)
| | - Elizaveta V. Savochkina
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova emb., 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (L.V.G.); (A.S.P.); (E.V.S.); (A.S.A.); (Y.V.D.)
| | - Anna S. Alekseeva
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova emb., 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (L.V.G.); (A.S.P.); (E.V.S.); (A.S.A.); (Y.V.D.)
| | - Yulia V. Dmitrieva
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova emb., 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (L.V.G.); (A.S.P.); (E.V.S.); (A.S.A.); (Y.V.D.)
| | - Oleg V. Kornyushin
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Andrey A. Gruzdkov
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova emb., 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (L.V.G.); (A.S.P.); (E.V.S.); (A.S.A.); (Y.V.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-960-276-3000
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Malo J, Alam MJ, Islam S, Mottalib MA, Rocki MMH, Barmon G, Tinni SA, Barman SK, Sarker T, Khan MNI, Kaliannan K, Hasanat MA, Rahman S, Pathan MF, Khan AKA, Malo MS. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase deficiency increases the risk of diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2022; 10:10/1/e002643. [PMID: 35082135 PMCID: PMC8796214 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our previous case-control study demonstrated that a high level of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), an endotoxin-detoxifying anti-inflammatory enzyme secreted by villus-associated enterocytes and excreted with stool, plays a protective role against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) irrespective of obesity. In the current study, we investigated the long-term effect of IAP deficiency (IAPD) on the pathogenesis of T2DM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A healthy cohort of participants without diabetes (30-60 years old), comprising 188 without IAPD (IAP level: ≥65 U/g stool) and 386 with IAPD (IAP level: <65 U/g stool), were followed up for 5 years. We measured stool IAP (STAP) and fasting plasma glucose, and calculated the risk ratio (RR) using log-binomial regression model. RESULTS T2DM incidence rates were 8.0%, 11.7%, 25.6%, and 33.3% in participants with 'persistent no IAPD' (IAP level: always ≥65 U/g stool), 'remittent IAPD' (IAP level: increased from <65 U/g stool to ≥65 U/g stool), 'persistent IAPD' (IAP level: always <65 U/g stool), and 'incident IAPD' (IAP level: decreased from ≥65 U/g stool to <65 U/g stool), respectively. Compared with 'persistent no IAPD' the risk of developing T2DM with 'incident IAPD' was 270% higher (RR: 3.69 (95% CI 1.76 to 7.71), χ2 p<0.001). With 'persistent IAPD' the risk was 230% higher (RR: 3.27 (95% CI 1.64 to 6.50), p<0.001). 'Remittent IAPD' showed insignificant risk (RR: 2.24 (95% CI 0.99 to 5.11), p=0.0541). Sensitivity analyses of persistent IAP levels revealed that, compared with participants of the highest persistent IAP pentile (always >115 U/g stool), the rate of increase of fasting glycemia was double and the risk of developing T2DM was 1280% higher (RR: 13.80 (95% CI 1.87 to 101.3), p=0.0099) in participants of the lowest persistent IAP pentile (always <15 U/g stool). A diabetes pathogenesis model is presented. CONCLUSIONS IAPD increases the risk of developing T2DM, and regular STAP tests would predict individual vulnerability to T2DM. Oral IAP supplementation might prevent T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Salequl Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Mottalib
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ginok Barmon
- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Tapas Sarker
- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Kanakaraju Kaliannan
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Muhammad Abul Hasanat
- Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salimur Rahman
- Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - A K Azad Khan
- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Madhu S Malo
- Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Global Health Research, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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18
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wang X, Sun Y, Huang Y, Ma P, Ding J, Song D. Ratiometric fluorescent sensor based on MoS 2 QDs and AuNCs for determination and bioimaging of alkaline phosphatase. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 262:120087. [PMID: 34175753 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a ratiometric fluorescent sensor based on MoS2 quantum dots (QDs) and glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) was developed for determination and imaging of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The sensor was developed by covalently linking QDs with AuNCs to form stable MoS2@AuNCs nanohybrids that exhibited the blue fluorescence of MoS2 QDs and the red fluorescence of AuNCs. In the presence of Ce3+, the fluorescence intensity of AuNCs was increased due to the aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE), while that of MoS2 QDs remained unchanged, thus could be used as a reference signal. After adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) and ALP were introduced into the system, AMP was hydrolyzed to adenosine and phosphate ions (PO43-). Owing to higher affinity between Ce3+ and PO43-, the AIEE effect was inhibited, in turn resulting in the decrease of AuNCs fluorescence. The developed ratiometric fluorescent sensor had a linear response to ALP concentration ranging from 0.5 to 50 U L-1 with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.08 U L-1. Moreover, the sensor had low cytotoxicity and was successfully employed in lysosome localization and bioimaging of intracellular ALP in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Liu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ying Sun
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yibing Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Pinyi Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jun Ding
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Sendai Street 126, Changchun 130033, China.
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, China.
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19
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Alizadeh A, Akbari P, Garssen J, Fink-Gremmels J, Braber S. Epithelial integrity, junctional complexes, and biomarkers associated with intestinal functions. Tissue Barriers 2021; 10:1996830. [PMID: 34719339 PMCID: PMC9359365 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2021.1996830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An intact intestinal barrier is crucial for immune homeostasis and its impairment activates the immune system and may result in chronic inflammation. The epithelial cells of the intestinal barrier are connected by tight junctions, which form an anastomosing network sealing adjacent epithelial cells. Tight junctions are composed of transmembrane and cytoplasmic scaffolding proteins. Transmembrane tight junction proteins at the apical-lateral membrane of the cell consist of occludin, claudins, junctional adhesion molecules, and tricellulin. Cytoplasmic scaffolding proteins, including zonula occludens, cingulin and afadin, provide a direct link between transmembrane tight junction proteins and the intracellular cytoskeleton. Each individual component of the tight junction network closely interacts with each other to form an efficient intestinal barrier. This review aims to describe the molecular structure of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins and to characterize their organization and interaction. Moreover, clinically important biomarkers associated with impairment of gastrointestinal integrity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Alizadeh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Peyman Akbari
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Fink-Gremmels
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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20
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Winther SA, Mannerla MM, Frimodt-Møller M, Persson F, Hansen TW, Lehto M, Hörkkö S, Blaut M, Forsblom C, Groop PH, Rossing P. Faecal biomarkers in type 1 diabetes with and without diabetic nephropathy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15208. [PMID: 34312454 PMCID: PMC8313679 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal dysbiosis is common among persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D), but its potential impact on diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains obscure. We examined whether faecal biomarkers, previously associated with low-grade gastrointestinal inflammation, differ between healthy controls and T1D subjects with and without DN. Faecal samples were analyzed for levels of calprotectin, intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and immunoglobulins in subjects with T1D (n = 159) and healthy controls (NDC; n = 50). The subjects with T1D were stratified based on albuminuria: normoalbuminuria (< 30 mg/g; n = 49), microalbuminuria (30-299 mg/g; n = 50) and macroalbuminuria (≥ 300 mg/g; n = 60). aecal calprotectin, IAP and immunoglobulin levels did not differ between the T1D albuminuria groups. However, when subjects were stratified based on faecal calprotectin cut-off level (50 µg/g), macroalbuminuric T1D subjects exceeded the threshold more frequently than NDC (p = 0.02). Concentrations of faecal propionate and butyrate were lower in T1D subjects compared with NDC (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03, respectively). Among T1D subjects, levels of branched SCFA (BCFA) correlated positively with current albuminuria level (isobutyrate, p = 0.03; isovalerate, p = 0.005). In our study cohort, fatty acid metabolism seemed to be altered among T1D subjects and those with albuminuria compared to NDC. This may reflect gastrointestinal imbalances associated with T1D and renal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Abitz Winther
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Niels Steensens Vej 2, 2820, Gentofte, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Miia Maininki Mannerla
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie Frimodt-Møller
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Niels Steensens Vej 2, 2820, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Frederik Persson
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Niels Steensens Vej 2, 2820, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Tine Willum Hansen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Niels Steensens Vej 2, 2820, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Markku Lehto
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sohvi Hörkkö
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Nordlab Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Michael Blaut
- Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Niels Steensens Vej 2, 2820, Gentofte, Denmark.
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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21
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Jin Z, Chen K, Zhou Z, Peng W, Liu W. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass potentially improved intestinal permeability by regulating gut innate immunity in diet-induced obese mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14894. [PMID: 34290269 PMCID: PMC8295358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has been demonstrated to be the most effective treatment for morbid obesity, yet the impact of RYGB on intestinal permeability is not fully known. In this work, we subjected obese mice to RYGB and sham operation procedures. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level, inflammatory cytokines and intestinal permeability were measured at 8 weeks post surgery. In contrast to sham surgery, RYGB reduced body weight, improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, and decreased serum levels of LPS, IL6 and TNFα. Intestinal permeability of the common limb and colon was significantly improved in the RYGB group compared to the sham group. The mRNA levels of IL1β, IL6, and TLR4 in the intestine were significantly decreased in the RYGB group compared with the sham group. The expression levels of intestinal islet-derived 3β (REG3β), islet-derived 3γ (REG3γ) and intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) were higher in the RYGB group than in the sham group. In conclusion, in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model, both decreased intestinal permeability and attenuated systemic inflammation after RYGB surgery were associated with improved innate immunity, which might result from enhanced production of IAP and antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangliu Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.,Department of Biliopancreatic and Metabolic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.,Department of Biliopancreatic and Metabolic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.,Department of Biliopancreatic and Metabolic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Weihui Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.,Department of Biliopancreatic and Metabolic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China. .,Department of Biliopancreatic and Metabolic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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22
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Rajapaksha AA, Fu YX, Guo WY, Liu SY, Li ZW, Xiong CQ, Yang WC, Yang GF. Review on the recent progress in the development of fluorescent probes targeting enzymes. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2021; 9. [PMID: 33873170 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/abf988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are very important for biological processes in a living being, performing similar or multiple tasks in and out of cells, tissues and other organisms at a particular location. The abnormal activity of particular enzyme usually caused serious diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis etc. Hence, nondestructive and real-time visualization for certain enzyme is very important for understanding the biological issues, as well as the drug administration and drug metabolism. Fluorescent cellular probe-based enzyme detectionin vitroandin vivohas become broad interest for human disease diagnostics and therapeutics. This review highlights the recent findings and designs of highly sensitive and selective fluorescent cellular probes targeting enzymes for quantitative analysis and bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asanka Amith Rajapaksha
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nano Science Technology, Faculty of Technology, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kuliyapitiya, Sri Lanka
| | - Yi-Xuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Yingzheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Qin Xiong
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Wuhan Third Hospital-Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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23
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Ghosh SS, Wang J, Yannie PJ, Cooper RC, Sandhu YK, Kakiyama G, Korzun WJ, Ghosh S. Over-Expression of Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Attenuates Atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2021; 128:1646-1659. [PMID: 33834851 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.317144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha S Ghosh
- Internal Medicine (S.S.G., J.W., Y.K.S., G.K., S.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, Richmond, VA
| | - Jing Wang
- Internal Medicine (S.S.G., J.W., Y.K.S., G.K., S.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, Richmond, VA
| | - Paul J Yannie
- Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond (P.J.Y., G.K., S.G.)
| | | | - Yashnoor K Sandhu
- Internal Medicine (S.S.G., J.W., Y.K.S., G.K., S.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, Richmond, VA
| | - Genta Kakiyama
- Internal Medicine (S.S.G., J.W., Y.K.S., G.K., S.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, Richmond, VA.,Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond (P.J.Y., G.K., S.G.)
| | - William J Korzun
- Clinical and Laboratory Sciences (W.J.K.), Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, Richmond, VA
| | - Shobha Ghosh
- Internal Medicine (S.S.G., J.W., Y.K.S., G.K., S.G.), Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) Medical Center, Richmond, VA.,Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond (P.J.Y., G.K., S.G.)
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24
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Xie QS, Zhang JX, Liu M, Liu PH, Wang ZJ, Zhu L, Jiang L, Jin MM, Liu XN, Liu L, Liu XD. Short-chain fatty acids exert opposite effects on the expression and function of p-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein in rat intestine. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:470-481. [PMID: 32555444 PMCID: PMC8027219 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0402-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) are involved in intestinal barrier. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play important roles in maintaining intestinal barrier. In this study we explored how SCFAs affected the expression and function of intestinal P-gp and BCRP in rats. Rats received 150 mM acetate, propionate or butyrate in drinking water for 4 weeks. In SCFA-treated rats, the expression and function of intestinal P-gp were decreased, but those of intestinal BCRP were increased; intestinal p-p65 was also decreased, which was positively related to P-gp protein expression. Among the three SCFAs tested, butyrate exhibited the strongest induction or inhibitory effect, followed by propionate and acetate. Similar results were observed in mouse primary enterocytes and Caco-2 cells treated with acetate (5 mM), propionate (2 mM), or butyrate (1 mM). In Caco-2 cells, addition of butyrate, vorinostat, and valproate (two classic HDAC inhibitors), Bay117082 (selective inhibitor of NF-κB activation) or NF-κB p65 silencing significantly decreased the expression of P-gp and the level of phosphorylated p65 (p-p65). Furthermore, butyrate attenuated the expression of P-gp and p-p65 induced by TNF-α (NF-κB activator) and theophylline (HDAC activator). However, vorinostat, valproate, Bay117082, TNF-α or p65 silencing hardly affected BCRP protein expression. But GW9662 (selective PPARγ antagonist) or PPARγ silencing abolished BCRP induction by butyrate and troglitazone (PPARγ agonist). SCFAs-treated rats showed higher intestinal protein expression of PPARγ, which was positively related to BCRP protein expression. Butyrate increased plasma exposure of fexofenadine but decreased that of rosuvastatin following oral dose to rats. In conclusion, SCFAs exert opposite effects on the expression and function of intestinal P-gp and BCRP; butyrate downregulated P-gp expression and function possibly via inhibiting HDAC/NF-κB pathways; butyrate induced BCRP expression and function partly via PPARγ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Shi Xie
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zhang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Pei-Hua Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhong-Jian Wang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Meng-Meng Jin
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Li Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Liu
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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25
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Abstract
In chronic kidney disease (CKD), disturbance of several metabolic regulatory mechanisms cause premature ageing, accelerated cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality. Single-target interventions have repeatedly failed to improve the prognosis for CKD patients. Epigenetic interventions have the potential to modulate several pathogenetic processes simultaneously. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a robust predictor of CVD and all-cause mortality and implicated in pathogenic processes associated with CVD in CKD.
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26
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Yap YA, Mariño E. Dietary SCFAs Immunotherapy: Reshaping the Gut Microbiota in Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1307:499-519. [PMID: 32193865 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diet-microbiota related inflammatory conditions such as obesity, autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and gut infections have become a stigma in Western societies and developing nations. This book chapter examines the most relevant pre-clinical and clinical studies about diet-gut microbiota approaches as an alternative therapy for diabetes. We also discuss what we and others have extensively investigated- the power of dietary short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) technology that naturally targets the gut microbiota as an alternative method to prevent and treat diabetes and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Anne Yap
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eliana Mariño
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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27
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Giampaoli O, Conta G, Calvani R, Miccheli A. Can the FUT2 Non-secretor Phenotype Associated With Gut Microbiota Increase the Children Susceptibility for Type 1 Diabetes? A Mini Review. Front Nutr 2020; 7:606171. [PMID: 33425974 PMCID: PMC7785815 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.606171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The global toll of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has steadily increased over the last decades. It is now widely acknowledged that T1D pathophysiology is more complex than expected. Indeed, a multifaceted interplay between genetic, metabolic, inflammatory and environmental factors exists that leads to heterogeneous clinical manifestations across individuals. Children with non-secretor phenotype and those affected by T1D share low abundance of bifidobacteria, low content of short-chain fatty acids, intestinal phosphatase alkaline and a high incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases. In this context, host-gut microbiota dyad may represent a relevant contributor to T1D development and progression due to its crucial role in shaping host immunity and susceptibility to autoimmune conditions. The FUT2 gene is responsible for the composition and functional properties of glycans in mucosal tissues and bodily secretions, including human milk. FUT2 polymorphisms may profoundly influence gut microbiota composition and host susceptibility to viral infections and chronic inflammatory disease. In this minireview, the possible interplay between mothers' phenotype, host FUT2 genetic background and gut microbiota composition will be discussed in perspective of the T1D onset. The study of FUT2-gut microbiota interaction may add a new piece on the puzzling T1D etiology and unveil novel targets of intervention to contrast T1D development and progression. Dietary interventions, including the intake of α-(1, 2)-fucosyl oligosaccharides in formula milk and the use of specific prebiotics and probiotics, could be hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Giampaoli
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Conta
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Miccheli
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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28
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Alvarenga L, Cardozo LFMF, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P, Mafra D. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase modulation by food components: predictive, preventive, and personalized strategies for novel treatment options in chronic kidney disease. EPMA J 2020; 11:565-579. [PMID: 33240450 PMCID: PMC7680467 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-020-00228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is a ubiquitous membrane-bound glycoprotein that catalyzes phosphate monoesters' hydrolysis from organic compounds, an essential process in cell signaling. Four AP isozymes have been described in humans, placental AP, germ cell AP, tissue nonspecific AP, and intestinal AP (IAP). IAP plays a crucial role in gut microbial homeostasis, nutrient uptake, and local and systemic inflammation, and its dysfunction is associated with persistent inflammatory disorders. AP is a strong predictor of mortality in the general population and patients with cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, little is known about IAP modulation and its possible consequences in CKD, a disease characterized by gut microbiota imbalance and persistent low-grade inflammation. Mitigating inflammation and dysbiosis can prevent cardiovascular complications in patients with CKD, and monitoring factors such as IAP can be useful for predicting those complications. Here, we review IAP's role and the results of nutritional interventions targeting IAP in experimental models to prevent alterations in the gut microbiota, which could be a possible target of predictive, preventive, personalized medicine (PPPM) to avoid CKD complications. Microbiota and some nutrients may activate IAP, which seems to have a beneficial impact on health; however, data on CKD remains scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Alvarenga
- Post Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, (UFF) Federal Fluminense University Niterói-Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Niterói, Brazil
| | - L. F. M. F. Cardozo
- Post Graduation Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brazil
| | - B. Lindholm
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Technology and Intervention, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P. Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Technology and Intervention, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D. Mafra
- Post Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, (UFF) Federal Fluminense University Niterói-Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Niterói, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brazil
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29
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Härma MA, Adeshara K, Istomin N, Lehto M, Blaut M, Savolainen MJ, Hörkkö S, Groop PH, Koivukangas V, Hukkanen J. Gastrointestinal manifestations after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2020; 17:585-594. [PMID: 33246847 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is an effective treatment for obesity, which improves cardiovascular health and reduces the risk of premature mortality. However, some reports have suggested that RYGB may predispose patients to adverse health outcomes, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVES The present prospective study aimed to evaluate the impact of RYGB surgery on cardiovascular risk factors and gastrointestinal inflammation in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). SETTING University hospital setting in Finland. METHODS Blood and fecal samples were collected at baseline and 6 months after surgery from 30 individuals, of which 16 had T2D and 14 were nondiabetics. There were also single study visits for 6 healthy reference patients. Changes in cardiovascular risk factors, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides were investigated before and after surgery. Fecal samples were analyzed for calprotectin, anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae immunoglobulin A antibodies (ASCA), active lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity, and methylglyoxal-hydro-imidazolone (MG-H1) protein adducts formation. RESULTS After RYGB, weight decreased on average -21.6% (-27.2 ± 7.8 kg), excess weight loss averaged 51%, and there were improvements in cardiovascular risk factors. Fecal calprotectin levels (P < .001), active LPS concentration (P < .002), ASCA (P < .02), and MG-H1 (P < .02) values increased significantly, whereas fecal SCFAs, especially acetate (P < .002) and butyrate (P < .03) levels, were significantly lowered. CONCLUSION The intestinal homeostasis is altered after RYGB, with several fecal markers suggesting increased inflammation; however, clinical significance of the detected changes is currently uncertain. As chronic inflammation may predispose patients to adverse health effects, our findings may have relevance for the suggested association between RYGB and increased risks of incident IBD and colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari-Anne Härma
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Research Programs, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Krishna Adeshara
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Research Programs, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natalie Istomin
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Nordlab, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Markku Lehto
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Research Programs, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Blaut
- Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Markku J Savolainen
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Research Unit of Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sohvi Hörkkö
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Nordlab, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Research Programs, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vesa Koivukangas
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Janne Hukkanen
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Research Unit of Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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30
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Omics research in diabetic kidney disease: new biomarker dimensions and new understandings? J Nephrol 2020; 33:931-948. [DOI: 10.1007/s40620-020-00759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Lallès JP. Recent advances in intestinal alkaline phosphatase, inflammation, and nutrition. Nutr Rev 2020; 77:710-724. [PMID: 31086953 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, much new data on intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) have been published, and major breakthroughs have been disclosed. The aim of the present review is to critically analyze the publications released over the last 5 years. These breakthroughs include, for example, the direct implication of IAP in intestinal tight junction integrity and barrier function maintenance; chronic intestinal challenge with low concentrations of Salmonella generating long-lasting depletion of IAP and increased susceptibility to inflammation; the suggestion that genetic mutations in the IAP gene in humans contribute to some forms of chronic inflammatory diseases and loss of functional IAP along the gut and in stools; stool IAP as an early biomarker of incipient diabetes in humans; and omega-3 fatty acids as direct inducers of IAP in intestinal tissue. Many recent papers have also explored the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of IAP and other alkaline phosphatase (AP) isoforms in various experimental settings and diseases. Remarkably, nearly all data confirm the potent anti-inflammatory properties of (I)AP and the negative consequences of its inhibition on health. A simplified model of the body AP system integrating the IAP compartment is provided. Finally, the list of nutrients and food components stimulating IAP has continued to grow, thus emphasizing nutrition as a potent lever for limiting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Lallès
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Human Nutrition Division, Clermont-Ferrand, France, and the Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Ouest, Nantes, France
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32
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Wan J, Tian Z, Yao BY, Liu C, He JN, Yin X, Shi Y. Role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in intestinal mucosal barrier. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:1441-1445. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i23.1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is an alkaline phosphatase that plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the bowel function and the intestinal mucosal barrier, including adjusting the duodenal pH, participating the development of the intestinal tract, regulating the absorption ability of intestinal epithelial cells, reducing the toxicity of lipopolysaccharide, preventing and reducing the intestinal inflammation, regulating intestinal flora, improving intestinal calcium absorption, etc. In this paper, we will review the role of IAP in intestinal mucosal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wan
- the tenth department of surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhong Tian
- the tenth department of surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bai-Yu Yao
- the tenth department of surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chong Liu
- the tenth department of surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing-Ni He
- the tenth department of surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Yin
- the tenth department of surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yang Shi
- the tenth department of surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
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33
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Tofte N, Suvitaival T, Trost K, Mattila IM, Theilade S, Winther SA, Ahluwalia TS, Frimodt-Møller M, Legido-Quigley C, Rossing P. Metabolomic Assessment Reveals Alteration in Polyols and Branched Chain Amino Acids Associated With Present and Future Renal Impairment in a Discovery Cohort of 637 Persons With Type 1 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:818. [PMID: 31824430 PMCID: PMC6883958 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Improved understanding of the pathophysiology causing diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is imperative. The aim of this study was to uncover associations between serum metabolites and renal outcomes. Methods: Non-targeted serum metabolomics analyses were performed in samples from 637 persons with type 1 diabetes using two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass-spectrometry. Longitudinal data at follow-up (median 5.5 years) on renal events were obtained from national Danish health registries. A composite renal endpoint (n = 123) consisted of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline from baseline (≥30%), progression to end-stage renal disease and all-cause mortality. Metabolites with significant associations (p < 0.05) in any of the cross-sectional analyses with eGFR and albuminuria were analyzed for specific and composite endpoints. Adjustments included traditional cardiovascular risk factors and correction for multiple testing. Results: A data-driven partial correlation analysis revealed a dense fabric of co-regulated metabolites and clinical variables dominated by eGFR. Ribonic acid and myo-inositol were inversely associated with eGFR, positively associated with macroalbuminuria (p < 0.02) and longitudinally associated with higher risk of eGFR decline ≥30% (HR 2.2-2.7, CI [1.3-4.3], p < 0.001). Ribonic acid was associated with a combined renal endpoint (HR 1.8, CI [1.3-2.3], p = 0.001). The hydroxy butyrate 3,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid was cross-sectionally associated with micro- and macroalbuminuria, urinary albumin excretion rate and inversely associated with eGFR (p < 0.04) while branched chain amino acids were associated with eGFR and lower risk of the combined renal endpoint (p < 0.02). Conclusions: Alterations in serum metabolites, particularly polyols and amino acids, were associated with renal endpoints in type 1 diabetes highlighting molecular pathways associated with progression of kidney disease. External validation is needed to further assess their roles and potentials as future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nete Tofte
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Nete Tofte
| | | | | | | | | | - Signe Abitz Winther
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | | | | | - Cristina Legido-Quigley
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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34
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Zhang F, He X, Ma P, Sun Y, Wang X, Song D. Rapid aqueous synthesis of CuInS/ZnS quantum dots as sensor probe for alkaline phosphatase detection and targeted imaging in cancer cells. Talanta 2018; 189:411-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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35
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Gavin PG, Mullaney JA, Loo D, Cao KAL, Gottlieb PA, Hill MM, Zipris D, Hamilton-Williams EE. Intestinal Metaproteomics Reveals Host-Microbiota Interactions in Subjects at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:2178-2186. [PMID: 30100563 PMCID: PMC6150433 DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been linked to disease pathogenesis in type 1 diabetes, yet the functional consequences to the host of this dysbiosis are unknown. We investigated the functional interactions between the microbiota and the host associated with type 1 diabetes disease risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of stool samples from subjects with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (n = 33), islet autoantibody-positive subjects (n = 17), low-risk autoantibody-negative subjects (n = 29), and healthy subjects (n = 22). Metaproteomic analysis was used to identify gut- and pancreas-derived host and microbial proteins, and these data were integrated with sequencing-based microbiota profiling. RESULTS Both human (host-derived) proteins and microbial-derived proteins could be used to differentiate new-onset and islet autoantibody-positive subjects from low-risk subjects. Significant alterations were identified in the prevalence of host proteins associated with exocrine pancreas output, inflammation, and mucosal function. Integrative analysis showed that microbial taxa associated with host proteins involved in maintaining function of the mucous barrier, microvilli adhesion, and exocrine pancreas were depleted in patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS These data support that patients with type 1 diabetes have increased intestinal inflammation and decreased barrier function. They also confirmed that pancreatic exocrine dysfunction occurs in new-onset type 1 diabetes and show for the first time that this dysfunction is present in high-risk individuals before disease onset. The data identify a unique type 1 diabetes-associated signature in stool that may be useful as a means to monitor disease progression or response to therapies aimed at restoring a healthy microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Gavin
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jane A Mullaney
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dorothy Loo
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kim-Anh Lê Cao
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter A Gottlieb
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Michelle M Hill
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Danny Zipris
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
| | - Emma E Hamilton-Williams
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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36
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Ghosh SS, He H, Wang J, Korzun W, Yannie PJ, Ghosh S. Intestine-specific expression of human chimeric intestinal alkaline phosphatase attenuates Western diet-induced barrier dysfunction and glucose intolerance. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13790. [PMID: 30058275 PMCID: PMC6064712 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cell derived alkaline phosphatase (IAP) dephosphorylates/detoxifies bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the gut lumen. We have earlier demonstrated that consumption of high-fat high-cholesterol containing western type-diet (WD) significantly reduces IAP activity, increases intestinal permeability leading to increased plasma levels of LPS and glucose intolerance. Furthermore, oral supplementation with curcumin that increased IAP activity improved intestinal barrier function as well as glucose tolerance. To directly test the hypothesis that targeted increase in IAP would protect against WD-induced metabolic consequences, we developed intestine-specific IAP transgenic mice where expression of human chimeric IAP is under the control of intestine-specific villin promoter. This chimeric human IAP contains domains from human IAP and human placental alkaline phosphatase, has a higher turnover number, narrower substrate specificity, and selectivity for bacterial LPS. Chimeric IAP was specifically and uniformly overexpressed in these IAP transgenic (IAPTg) mice along the entire length of the intestine. While IAP activity reduced from proximal P1 segment to distal P9 segment in wild-type (WT) mice, this activity was maintained in the IAPTg mice. Dietary challenge with WD impaired glucose tolerance in WT mice and this intolerance was attenuated in IAPTg mice. Significant decrease in fecal zonulin, a marker for intestinal barrier dysfunction, in WD fed IAPTg mice and a corresponding decrease in translocation of orally administered nonabsorbable 4 kDa FITC dextran to plasma suggests that IAP overexpression improves intestinal barrier function. Thus, targeted increase in IAP activity represents a novel strategy to improve WD-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongliang He
- Department of Internal MedicineVCU Medical CenterRichmondVirginia
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Internal MedicineVCU Medical CenterRichmondVirginia
| | - William Korzun
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory SciencesVCU Medical CenterRichmondVirginia
| | | | - Shobha Ghosh
- Department of Internal MedicineVCU Medical CenterRichmondVirginia
- Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical CenterRichmondVirginia
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37
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Lehto M, Groop PH. The Gut-Kidney Axis: Putative Interconnections Between Gastrointestinal and Renal Disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:553. [PMID: 30283404 PMCID: PMC6157406 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a devastating condition associated with increased morbidity and premature mortality. The etiology of DKD is still largely unknown. However, the risk of DKD development and progression is most likely modulated by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Patients with autoimmune diseases, like type 1 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and celiac disease, share some genetic background. Furthermore, gastrointestinal disorders are associated with an increased risk of kidney disease, although the true mechanisms have still to be elucidated. Therefore, the principal aim of this review is to evaluate the impact of disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract on the development of renal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markku Lehto
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Markku Lehto
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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38
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Mao M, Tian T, He Y, Ge Y, Zhou J, Song G. Inner filter effect based fluorometric determination of the activity of alkaline phosphatase by using carbon dots codoped with boron and nitrogen. Mikrochim Acta 2017; 185:17. [PMID: 29594532 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Boron and nitrogen codoped carbon dots functionalized with cyclodextrin (β-CD-N/B-C-dots) were obtained from β-cyclodextrin. The material displays strong fluorescence (with excitation/emission peak wavelengths of 400/500 nm) and was characterized by UV-vis, transmission electron microscopy and FTIR. If the substrate p-nitrophenylphosphate is enzymatically cleaved by alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a yellow product is formed whose absorption overlaps the excitation spectrum of the β-CD-N/B-C-dots. Hence, fluorescence is reduced due to an inner filter effect. In additon, the β-CD cavity offers a pocket for substrate recognition. The findings were used to design a method for the determination of the activity of ALP. It has a working range that extends from 0.003 to 5.5 U·L-1, with a 0.3 mU·L-1 detection limit. The method is fast, simple, inexpensive, and highly sensitive and selective. Graphical abstract Schematic of an inner filter effect based probe for alkaline phosphatase based on the use boron and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (N/B-C-dots) modified with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). PNPP: p-Nitrophenylphosphate; PNP: p-Nitrophenol anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Mao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yu He
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China. .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environment Response, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Yili Ge
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Wuhan, 430062, China.,Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environment Response, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Gongwu Song
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Wuhan, 430062, China.,Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
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