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Wolf K, Schmitz J. Scoping review: longitudinal effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on child and adolescent mental health. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1257-1312. [PMID: 37081139 PMCID: PMC10119016 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and associated containment measures have massively changed the daily lives of billions of children and adolescents worldwide. To investigate the global longitudinal effects on various mental health outcomes over a period of 1.5 years, we conducted a scoping review in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We included the peer-reviewed articles from PubMed, Web of Science, and APA PsycInfo that were published between December 2019 and December 2021, followed a longitudinal or repeated cross-sectional design, and quantitatively assessed with clinical questionnaires the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic or a related stressor on mental health indicators in community samples of children and adolescents.The results of our qualitative analysis of 69 studies indicate a general trend of less psychological well-being and more mental health problems, such as heightened stress, and depressive and anxiety symptoms during the pandemic. Data suggest that both protection measure intensity and infection dynamics were positively associated with severity of the psychopathology. The most reported influencing factors were age, gender, socio-economic status, previous state of mental and physical health, self-regulation abilities, parental mental health, parenting quality, family functioning, social support, isolation and loneliness, health-related worries, and consistent routines and structure. Our results demonstrate that children and adolescents worldwide have experienced more mental health problems due to the COVID-19 pandemic. They call for improved access to child and adolescent mental health care and prioritisation of child and adolescent welfare in political decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Wolf
- Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Wilhelm-Wundt-Institute for Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Julian Schmitz
- Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Wilhelm-Wundt-Institute for Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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2
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Antunes R, Rodrigues F, Jacinto M, Amaro N, Matos R, Monteiro D. Exploring the relationship across autonomous motivation, affects, and anxiety among gym practitioners during the second COVID-19 lockdown. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7272. [PMID: 38538823 PMCID: PMC10973380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57878-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study explores the association of autonomous motivation and the relationship of positive and negative affect on anxiety levels among individuals engaged in gym practitioners during the second COVID-19 lockdown. A total of 196 exercisers (29.17 ± 10.77) were enrolled in the present study, of which 112 (57.1%) were women and 84 (42.9%) were men. The survey included sociodemographic data, as well as validated instruments measuring autonomous motivation, positive and negative affect, and anxiety states related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results revealed a positive association between autonomous motivation and positive affect (β = 0.36, CI 0.12, 0.37; p < 0.001), and a negative association between autonomous motivation and negative affect (β = - 0.17, CI - 0.31, - 0.01; p = 0.03). Moreover positive, and negative affect are negatively (β = - 0.33, CI - 0.43, - 0.24; p < 0.001) and positively (β = 0.72, CI 0.57, 0.82; p < 0.001) associated to anxiety, respectively. Thus, this study appears to emphasize the association of autonomous motivation on affect as a potential buffer against anxiety levels, particularly in a context where practitioners found themselves restricted in their usual gym practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Antunes
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Miguel Jacinto
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Amaro
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rui Matos
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
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3
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Wang Y, Huang Q, Lin S, Chen M, Zhang Y. Daily ethnic-racial support from family and peers: Changes from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic. Child Dev 2024; 95:559-573. [PMID: 37794738 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.14017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Limited research has investigated the changes in ethnic-racial support that adolescents received during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study collected 2-week, daily data from 185 Midwest U.S. ethnic-racial minority adolescents (14.60 years old; 52% female) at two waves, spanning about 1 year apart. For the Pandemic Cohort (936 days of data, 41 participants; 2019-2020), peer cultural socialization declined significantly from before to during the pandemic; family cultural socialization, as well as family and peer support against discrimination, became more positively associated with same-day ethnic-racial identity over the pandemic (β = .13-.16). No significant changes emerged for the pre-Pandemic Cohort (3304 days of data, 144 participants; 2017-2019). Findings highlight the importance of ethnic-racial support during the pandemic when ethnic-racial issues were amplified in society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Wang
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Qi Huang
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Sylvia Lin
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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4
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Tao TJ, Yung YYY, Lau AYT, Liu H, Liang L, Bryant FB, Hou WK. Savoring mediates the mental health benefits of positive coping processes: A prospective population-based analysis. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024; 16:158-178. [PMID: 37691133 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Positive coping (e.g., self-efficacy and positive reappraisal) and savoring could bear mental health implications under large-scale disasters such as COVID-19. The integrative affect-regulation framework of psychological resilience proposes that evaluative efforts regulate affect, which then predicts positive short-term consequences and better mental health. This two-wave study was done during the prolonged, intensive COVID-19 control rules in Hong Kong and examined (1) the prospective associations of positive coping processes (i.e., self-efficacy and positive reappraisal) (T1, March-August 2021) with subsequent psychiatric symptoms (T2, September 2021-February 2022) and (2) the mediating effect of T2 savoring in the associations. Path analyses revealed that T1 self-efficacy and positive reappraisal were inversely related to T2 psychiatric symptoms. T2 savoring partially mediated the effect of T1 self-efficacy but fully mediated the effect of T1 positive reappraisal. Self-efficacy could have more sustainable direct positive associations with mental health, whereas the benefit of positive reappraisal might need to be catalyzed by savoring over time. Our study offered concrete illustrations of the conceptual tenets of the affect-regulation framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Junchen Tao
- Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yoyo Yuk Yu Yung
- Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Abby Yan Tung Lau
- Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huinan Liu
- Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li Liang
- Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fred B Bryant
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wai Kai Hou
- Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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5
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Wang MT, Scanlon CL, Del Toro J, Qin X. Adolescent psychological adjustment and social supports during pandemic-onset remote learning: A national multi-wave daily-diary study. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:2533-2550. [PMID: 37655613 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423001049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In spring 2020, U.S. schools universally transitioned to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic's onset, thus creating a natural experiment for examining adolescents' risk and resilience during an ongoing school crisis response. This longitudinal study used a daily-diary approach to investigate the role of social support in the link between remote learning and psychological well-being across 64 days among a national sample of adolescents (n = 744; 42% Black, 36% White, 22% Other ethnicity/race; 41% boys; 72% eligible for free/reduced-priced lunch; Mage=14.60, SDage=1.71, age-range = 12-17 years). On days when youth attended remote learning, they reported lower daily positive affect, more daily stress, and higher parent social support. There were no significant differences in the effect of remote learning on affect or stress by race or economic status. On days when youth experienced more parent support, they reported lower daily stress and negative affect and higher daily positive affect. On days when youth experienced more peer support, they reported higher daily positive affect. Overall, the study highlights the impact of pandemic-onset remote learning on adolescents' psychological well-being and emphasizes the need for future research on school crisis contingency planning to address these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xu Qin
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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6
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Polack RG, Bronstein MV, Questel M, Edelman A, Vinogradov S, Kober H, Joormann J, Everaert J. Social interpretation inflexibility moderates emotional reactions to social situations in children and adolescents. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:2352-2364. [PMID: 37466071 PMCID: PMC10796842 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Interpretation biases and inflexibility (i.e., difficulties revising interpretations) have been linked to increased internalizing symptoms. Although adolescence is a developmental period characterized by novel social situations and increased vulnerability to internalizing disorders, no studies have examined interpretation inflexibility in adolescents. Additionally, no studies (on adolescents or adults) have examined interpretation flexibility as a protective factor against adverse outcomes of interpersonal events. Using a novel task and a 28-day diary we examined relations among interpretation bias and inflexibility, internalizing symptoms, and negative interpersonal events in a sample of children and adolescents (N = 159, ages 9-18). At baseline, negative interpretation bias was positively correlated with social anxiety symptoms, and positive interpretation bias negatively correlated with social anxiety and depressive symptoms. Inflexible positive interpretations were correlated with higher social anxiety and depressive symptoms, while inflexible negative interpretations were correlated with higher social anxiety. Finally, interpretation inflexibility moderated daily associations between negative interpersonal events and depressive symptoms in daily life, such that higher inflexibility was associated with stronger associations between interpersonal events and subsequent depressive symptoms, potentially increasing depressive symptom instability. These results suggest that interpretation biases and inflexibility may act as both risk and protective factors for adolescent anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuma Gadassi Polack
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Tel-Aviv Yaffo Academic College, Tel-Aviv Yaffo, Israel
| | - Michael V. Bronstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Marcia Questel
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Audrey Edelman
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sophia Vinogradov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hedy Kober
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jutta Joormann
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jonas Everaert
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, KU Leuven, Belgium
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7
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Schweizer S, Lawson RP, Blakemore SJ. Uncertainty as a driver of the youth mental health crisis. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 53:101657. [PMID: 37517166 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Mental health problems in young people have been on the rise for over a decade, with that trend accelerating during the pandemic. This review proposes that the catalyst effect of the pandemic offers insights into a key driver of increases in youth depression and anxiety: greater uncertainty. Uncertainty about many aspects of everyday life, including social connections, education, job security and health, increased during the pandemic, and this coincided with increasing rates of depression and anxiety. Lab-based developmental cognitive and clinical neuroscience research on tolerance of uncertainty and adolescent mental health shows that when adolescents fail to show age-typical tolerance of uncertainty, they are at greater risk of mental health problems. Avenues for future research to understand and promote tolerance of uncertainty in adolescents are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Schweizer
- University of New South Wales, Australia; University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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8
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McMahon TP, Villaume SC, Adam EK. Daily experiences and adolescent affective wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: The CHESS model. Curr Opin Psychol 2023; 53:101654. [PMID: 37517164 PMCID: PMC10592260 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in adolescents' increased exposure to daily experiences of risk factors for depression and anxiety (e.g., loneliness). Intensive longitudinal studies examining daily experiences during the pandemic have revealed short-term and long-term consequences on youth mental health. Although evidence suggests small average increases in adolescent depression and anxiety, most of the story is in variability: increases are higher for youth and families with greater pre-existing mental health vulnerabilities and fewer socioeconomic resources, whereas increases are lower when social or financial support and positive coping and health behaviors are available and employed. Public health and economic policies should be mindful of youth mental health risks and actively promote known mental health supports, including family economic resources, access to mental healthcare, and social connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tierney P McMahon
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Sarah Collier Villaume
- School of Education and Social Policy, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Emma K Adam
- School of Education and Social Policy, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, USA.
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Guerra GC, Nardozza O, Frigerio A, Garito MC, Ponzetti S, Passaquindici I, Fasolo M, Spinelli M, Lionetti F. Families Facing Pandemic Modifications of Everyday Life: A Mixed Study on Mothers' and Children's Emotional Reactions and Regulation Strategies. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1627. [PMID: 37892290 PMCID: PMC10605359 DOI: 10.3390/children10101627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused many enduring changes in the everyday life of families, with negative effects on parents' and children's wellbeing. However, there is a lack of studies in the literature exploring the emotional reactions and coping strategies of both mothers and children of different ages. Furthermore, most studies used only self-reports. This study aimed to identify the emotions and coping strategies of children, adolescents and their mothers and to verify the association between maternal and child wellbeing. A mixed-method design using interviews and questionnaires was applied to collect information on wellbeing (emotional reactions, behavioral/emotional problems) and coping strategies of both mothers (n = 65; M age = 42.17; SD = 4.40; M age = 41.63; SD = 4.48), and their children (n = 35, 8-10 year; n = 30, 11-13 year) during the second wave of the pandemic (December 2020). No differences between the groups emerged concerning the emotional reactions reported. In contrast, mothers and children of different ages reported different self-regulation and other-regulation strategies. Moreover, maternal strategies had different effects on children's wellbeing. The integration of qualitative and quantitative results was informative to understand how families adapted to the radical changes of everyday life related to the pandemic. The implications for developing interventions in such similar stressful situations to promote family wellbeing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Carlotta Guerra
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.G.); (O.N.); (M.C.G.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (M.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Odette Nardozza
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.G.); (O.N.); (M.C.G.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (M.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Alessandra Frigerio
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University Milano, 20143 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maria Concetta Garito
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.G.); (O.N.); (M.C.G.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (M.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Silvia Ponzetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.G.); (O.N.); (M.C.G.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (M.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Ilenia Passaquindici
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.G.); (O.N.); (M.C.G.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (M.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Mirco Fasolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.G.); (O.N.); (M.C.G.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (M.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Maria Spinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.G.); (O.N.); (M.C.G.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (M.F.); (F.L.)
| | - Francesca Lionetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.C.G.); (O.N.); (M.C.G.); (S.P.); (I.P.); (M.F.); (F.L.)
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10
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Sarbassova G, Kudaibergenova A, Madaliyeva Z, Kassen G, Sadvakassova Z, Ramazanova S, Ryskulova M. Diagnostics of psychological flexibility and the ability to cope with the inevitable changes among psychology students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37359571 PMCID: PMC10172729 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The study concerns the question of how much the emotional competence and the ability to cope with problems in one's own personality increase in the process of professional psychological education, for which students of different years of study were tested. The aim of this study is to deeply diagnose various components of psychological flexibility and the ability to cope with unexpected events among psychology students. The study involved 30 students from 1 to 4 years of university grade level participated into study, divided into 4 equal groups from. Based on testing various aspects of psychological flexibility, emotional intelligence test (EQ test), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and D.V. Lyusin emotional intelligence instrument (Emin) were used; it was tested using Student's t-test and Kruskal-Wallis H-test to evaluate differences between three or more samples simultaneously. As a result of the study, the significant differences between all groups of participants and between the assessment of individual factors of psychological flexibility in different groups was accepted. Each of the groups demonstrated its specific characteristics of the relationship between emotional competence and coping with stress. Comparison of the results of students from different years of study showed that psychological education does not have a significant effect on emotional intelligence as an indicator of emotional flexibility, but positively affects the development of coping with stress, although in predominantly passive forms. The practical application of the research lies in improving psychology students' learning; the research results can be used as methods for determining psychological flexibility factors that require development in study groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzat Sarbassova
- Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Kazakh Humanitarian and Legal Innovation University in Semipalatinsk, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Aliya Kudaibergenova
- Department of Pedagogy and Educational Management, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zabira Madaliyeva
- Department of General and Applied Psychology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Gulmira Kassen
- Department of General and Applied Psychology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zukhra Sadvakassova
- Department of General and Applied Psychology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Samal Ramazanova
- Department of Pedagogy and Educational Management, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Madina Ryskulova
- Department of Psychology, Eurasian National University named after L.N. Gumilyov, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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11
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de Vries LP, Bülow A, Pelt DHM, Boele S, Bartels M, Keijsers L. Daily affect intensity and variability of adolescents and their parents before and during a COVID-19 lockdown. J Adolesc 2023; 95:336-353. [PMID: 36344879 PMCID: PMC10100109 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic may have a prolonged impact on people's lives, with multiple waves of infections and lockdowns, but how a lockdown may alter emotional functioning is still hardly understood. METHODS In this 100-daily diaries study, we examined how to affect intensity and variability of adolescents (N = 159, Mage = 13.3, 61.6% female) and parents (N = 159, Mage = 45.3, 79.9% female) changed after the onset and during (>50 days) the second COVID-19 lockdown in the Netherlands, using preregistered piecewise growth models. RESULTS We found only an unexpected increase in parents' positive affect intensity after the lockdown onset, but no immediate changes in negative affect intensity or variability. However, both adolescents and parents reported gradual increases in negative affect intensity and variability as the lockdown prolonged. Lockdown effects did not differ between adolescents and parents. However, within groups, individuals differed. The individual differences in the effects were partly explained by life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and self-reported lockdown impact. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings suggests that a lockdown triggers changes in daily affective well-being especially as the lockdown prolongs. Individual differences in the effects indicate heterogeneity in the impact of the lockdown on daily affect that was partly explained by baseline life satisfaction and depressive symptoms. However, more knowledge on the causes of this heterogeneity is needed to be able to increase resilience to lockdown effects in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne P de Vries
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Bülow
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk H M Pelt
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Savannah Boele
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meike Bartels
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Loes Keijsers
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Demaria F, Vicari S. Adolescent Distress: Is There a Vaccine? Social and Cultural Considerations during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1819. [PMID: 36767187 PMCID: PMC9914691 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had an unprecedented impact on mental health. In particular, the impact on adolescents was likely significant due to vulnerability factors linked to this developmental stage and pre-existing conditions of hardship. The present work aimed at grasping the particular effects of the pandemic on social and cultural aspects of adolescence, providing a cross-sectional picture of this historical moment of contemporary youth culture. Further research is needed to verify the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Demaria
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Viale Ferdinando Baldelli 41, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Vicari
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Viale Ferdinando Baldelli 41, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University, 00168 Rome, Italy
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13
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Wong TKY, Colasante T, Malti T. Daily COVID-19 Stressor Effects on Children's Mental Health Depend on Pre-pandemic Peer Victimization and Resting Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022:10.1007/s10578-022-01476-8. [PMID: 36484884 PMCID: PMC9735162 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Children's risk of poorer mental health due to the COVID-19 pandemic may depend on risk and protective factors heading into the pandemic. This study examined same-day associations between COVID-19 stressors and children's mental health using a daily diary design across 14 days, and considered the moderating roles of pre-pandemic peer victimization experiences and resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA; an indicator of cardiac regulatory capacity). Forty-nine Canadian children aged 8-13 years (Mage = 10.69, 29 girls) participated in the final wave of a longitudinal study just prior to the pandemic and a daily diary extension during the pandemic (N = 686 pandemic measurement occasions). Multilevel modeling indicated that children had poorer mental health on days when they experienced a COVID-19 stressor (e.g., virtual academic difficulties, social isolation). A three-way interaction indicated that this association was stronger for those with higher pre-pandemic peer victimization experiences and lower pre-pandemic resting RSA; however, highly victimized children with higher resting RSA did not experience poorer mental health on days with COVID-19 stressors. Findings offer preliminary insights into the preceding risk and protective factors for children's mental health amidst major subsequent stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy K Y Wong
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto, Deerfield Hall, 3359 Mississauga Rd., Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Tyler Colasante
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto, Deerfield Hall, 3359 Mississauga Rd., Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Tina Malti
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Child Development, Mental Health, and Policy, University of Toronto, Deerfield Hall, 3359 Mississauga Rd., Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada
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14
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Paucsik M, Leys C, Marais G, Baeyens C, Shankland R. Self‐compassion and savouring buffer the impact of the first year of the COVID‐19 on PhD students' mental health. Stress Health 2022; 38:891-901. [PMID: 35286765 PMCID: PMC9111133 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Doctoral students face many challenges that were reinforced by COVID-19-related lockdowns. We assessed this impact over 1 year on doctoral students' depression, anxiety, stress, well-being, and doctoral engagement. We also investigated the potential protective role of self-compassion and savouring on mental health, well-being, and doctoral engagement. A total of 134 PhD students from several French universities responded to the three-time points of this longitudinal study. The results showed a significant increase in depression, anxiety and stress and a significant decrease in well-being and doctoral engagement during the first year of the pandemic. Self-compassion and savouring predicted lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, and higher levels of well-being over time. Savouring alone predicted higher doctoral engagement over time. This study reveals the significant impact of the pandemic year on the mental health of doctoral students, and the relevance of self-compassion and savouring as psychological resources to cope with adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Paucsik
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, LIP/PC2SGrenobleFrance
| | | | - Gabriel Marais
- Univ. Lyon 1CNRSLaboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveVilleurbanneFrance
| | - Céline Baeyens
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, LIP/PC2SGrenobleFrance
| | - Rebecca Shankland
- Grenoble Ecole de ManagementGrenobleFrance,Univ. Lumière Lyon 2, Laboratory DIPHE (Development, Individual, Processes, Handicap, Education)BronFrance
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15
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Xie M, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Lin D. Associations between trait and state perceived stress and daily moods: COVID-19 stressful experiences as a moderator. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-15. [PMID: 36468161 PMCID: PMC9685040 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Drastically disrupting daily routines, the global pandemic of COVID-19 has posed critical mental health threats to adolescents and young adults worldwide. Many of the extant empirical findings, however, have focused on individuals' psychological adjustment during the initial phase of the pandemic. It is less clear how COVID-19 stressful experiences impact young people's daily lives in the post-pandemic "new normal." Drawing on 7-day diary reports, the present study fills this gap by examining: (1) how daily perceived stress impacted daily emotional adjustment; and (2) the moderating effects of COVID-19 stressful experiences on these associations among 582 Chinese young adults (M age = 18.12, SD = .65; 69% females). Results indicated that higher levels of both trait (i.e., average levels) and state (i.e., daily fluctuations) perceived stress were associated with greater negative and anxious moods, and that prior pandemic-related experiences exacerbated the adverse impact of both trait and state perceived stress on daily moods. Specifically, young adults reporting greater COVID-19 stressful experiences demonstrated poorer emotional adjustment (i.e., lower levels of positive mood and higher levels of negative mood) on days when they had more fluctuations in perceived stress; the aggravating impact was stronger when the average levels of perceived stress were higher. By illuminating the moderating effects of COVID-19 stressful experiences, this study contributes to the limited, but burgeoning, research examining the prolonged impact of the COVID-19 health crisis on daily emotional adjustment in post-pandemic life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Xie
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Ye Feng
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, The Bronx, NY USA
| | - Yanjia Zhang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Hongfeng Zhang
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau, China
| | - Danhua Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
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16
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Mesurado B, Richaud MC, Vanney CE, Pastorelli C. Promoting positive emotions and instilling concern for the needs of others during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272922. [PMID: 36206517 PMCID: PMC9545903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to study the efficacy of the home-based Hero program in promoting positive emotions and prosocial behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample included 237 12- to 15-year-old adolescents from Argentina. The level of positive emotions and prosocial behavior toward strangers, friends and family in the adolescent intervention group increased through the three evaluation periods. The Hero program was focused on recognizing one's own emotions and provided an opportunity to reflect on different positive aspects of life, thus allowing a change in perspective related to immediate negative events. Moreover, the program provided an opportunity to change adolescents' perspective from personal worries to concerns about others, including friends, family members, and even strangers in need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Mesurado
- Instituto de Filosofía, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - María Cristina Richaud
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Familia, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Argentina
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17
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İme Y, Ümmet D. Adaptation of Emotional Flexibility Scale: Its Association with Subjective Well Being and Resilience During Covid-19 Pandemic. CHILD INDICATORS RESEARCH 2022; 15:2141-2154. [PMID: 35966032 PMCID: PMC9362329 DOI: 10.1007/s12187-022-09959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a global health crisis causing fear and negative psychological consequences. In this study, the validity and reliability of the Emotional Flexibility Scale were evaluated in a sample of adolescents in Turkey. A total of 833 high school students from 65 different cities participated in the study. Emotional flexibility, adolescent psychological resilience, and adolescents' subjective well-being Scales were used as data collection tools. For the adaptation of emotional flexibility scale, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and reliability analyses were used. Also, the mediating role of subjective well-being on the relationship between emotional flexibility and resilience was tested. Emotional flexibility was found to be associated with subjective well-being and resilience. The results of the study show that the Emotional Flexibility Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool in the sample of adolescents in Turkey. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12187-022-09959-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakup İme
- Marmara University, Fahrettin Kerim Gökay Cd., Kadıköy/Istanbul, 34722 Türkiye
| | - Durmuş Ümmet
- Marmara University, Fahrettin Kerim Gökay Cd., Kadıköy/Istanbul, 34722 Türkiye
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18
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Roche KM, Huebner DM, Lambert SF, Little TD. COVID-19 Stressors and Latinx Adolescents' Mental Health Symptomology and School Performance: A Prospective Study. J Youth Adolesc 2022; 51:1031-1047. [PMID: 35381907 PMCID: PMC8983080 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study addressed the need for research examining impacts of the Coronavirus-19 (COVID) pandemic on Latinx adolescents’ adjustment. Survey data for a probability sample of 547 Latinx adolescents (Mage = 13.71, SD = 0.86; 55.2% female) were collected from 2018 to 2021, including two times both prior to, and during, COVID. Independent variables assessed COVID-related household hospitalization, job/income loss, and adolescents’ increased childcare responsibility. Structural Equation Model results indicated that COVID-related increases in adolescent childcare responsibility were associated with increased internalizing and externalizing symptoms and declines in school performance. COVID hospitalization and job/income loss were associated indirectly, through childcare responsibilities, to worse adolescent outcomes. Family adversities may harm adolescents’ adjustment by burdening adolescents with responsibilities such caring for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Roche
- Department of Prevention & Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave, Suite 300, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
| | - David M Huebner
- Department of Prevention & Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave, Suite 300, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Sharon F Lambert
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Todd D Little
- Department of Educational Psychology, Leadership and Counseling, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
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19
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Martinsone B, Stokenberga I, Damberga I, Supe I, Simões C, Lebre P, Canha L, Santos M, Santos AC, Fonseca AM, Santos D, Gaspar de Matos M, Conte E, Agliati A, Cavioni V, Gandellini S, Grazzani I, Ornaghi V, Camilleri L. Adolescent social emotional skills, resilience and behavioral problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study in three European countries. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:942692. [PMID: 35978848 PMCID: PMC9376252 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.942692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The consequences of long-lasting restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have become a topical question in the latest research. The present study aims to analyze longitudinal changes in adolescents' social emotional skills, resilience, and behavioral problems. Moreover, the study addresses the impact of adolescents' social emotional learning on changes in their resilience and behavioral problems over the course of seven months of the pandemic. METHODS The Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2) measuring points were in October 2020 and May 2021, characterized by high mortality rates and strict restrictions in Europe. For all three countries combined, 512 questionnaires were answered by both adolescents (aged 11-13 and 14-16 years) and their parents. The SSIS-SEL and SDQ student self-report and parent forms were used to evaluate adolescents' social emotional skills and behavioral problems. The CD-RISC-10 scale was administered to adolescents to measure their self-reported resilience. Several multilevel models were fitted to investigate the changes in adolescents' social emotional skills, resilience, and behavioral problems, controlling for age and gender. Correlation analysis was carried out to investigate how changes in the adolescents' social emotional skills were associated with changes in their resilience and mental health adjustment. RESULTS Comparing T1 and T2 evaluations, adolescents claim they have more behavioral problems, have less social emotional skills, and are less prosocial than perceived by their parents, and this result applies across all countries and age groups. Both informants agree that COVID-19 had a negative impact, reporting an increment in the mean internalizing and externalizing difficulties scores and reductions in social emotional skills, prosocial behavior, and resilience scores. However, these changes are not very conspicuous, and most of them are not significant. Correlation analysis shows that changes in adolescents' social emotional skills are negatively and significantly related to changes in internalized and externalized problems and positively and significantly related to changes in prosocial behavior and resilience. This implies that adolescents who experienced larger development in social emotional learning also experienced more increase in resilience and prosocial behavior and a decrease in difficulties. CONCLUSION Due to its longitudinal design, sample size, and multi-informant approach, this study adds to a deeper understanding of the pandemic's consequences on adolescents' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ilze Damberga
- Department of Psychology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Inga Supe
- Department of Psychology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Celeste Simões
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Lebre
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Institute of Ethnomusicology (INET-MD), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Canha
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Santos
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anabela Caetano Santos
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Marta Fonseca
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dória Santos
- Department of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gaspar de Matos
- Environmental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Social Adventure Association, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elisabetta Conte
- "Riccardo Massa" Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Agliati
- "Riccardo Massa" Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Cavioni
- "Riccardo Massa" Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Gandellini
- "Riccardo Massa" Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Grazzani
- "Riccardo Massa" Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Ornaghi
- "Riccardo Massa" Department of Human Sciences for Education, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Liberato Camilleri
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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20
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Crone EA, Achterberg M. Prosocial development in adolescence. Curr Opin Psychol 2021; 44:220-225. [PMID: 34749238 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the development of prosocial behavior in adolescence as a critical inflection period for social adjustment. Experimental research using prosocial giving tasks demonstrates that adolescents differentiate more between recipients and contexts, suggesting increasing ingroup-outgroup differentiation during adolescence. We also demonstrate that social brain development during adolescence is partly driven by environmental influences, further underlining adolescence as a critical period for social development. The COVID-19 pandemic has had and will have long-term effects on the current generation of adolescents, for which we describe both the risks, resilience factors, and opportunities for engaging in prosocial acts of kindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline A Crone
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burg. Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Michelle Achterberg
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burg. Oudlaan 50, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, the Netherlands
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21
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Hussong AM, Benner AD, Erdem G, Lansford JE, Makila LM, Petrie RC. Adolescence Amid a Pandemic: Short- and Long-Term Implications. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:820-835. [PMID: 34448291 PMCID: PMC8646616 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Members of the Society for Research on Adolescents COVID-19 Response Team offer this commentary to accompany this special issue of the Journal of Research on Adolescence regarding the impact of the pandemic on adolescents' social, emotional, and academic functioning. In addition to outlining the critical need for scholarly collaboration to address the global impact of this crisis on adolescent development, we argue that a broad investigative lens is needed to guide research and recovery efforts targeting youth development. We then use this broad lens to consider dimensions of the pandemic impact relative to developmental implications within community and policy contexts, educational contexts, social contexts, and family contexts. Finally, we describe guideposts for setting a global, shared research agenda that can hasten research to recovery efforts surrounding the pandemic and youth development.
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22
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Branje S, Morris AS. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adolescent Emotional, Social, and Academic Adjustment. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:486-499. [PMID: 34448306 PMCID: PMC8646893 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a strong impact on adolescents worldwide. This special issue aimed to increase our understanding of the factors that explain interindividual differences in how adolescents are affected by the pandemic. The special issue includes 21 empirical articles from four continents on the role of the pandemic in changes in emotional, social, and academic adjustment during adolescence. The studies demonstrate that many adolescents experienced increased depressive symptoms, negative affect, and loneliness, and lower academic adjustment during the pandemic, particularly those that were already at risk before the pandemic. At the same time, many adolescents had individual, family, and community resources that made them resilient and helped them to continue to function well despite the adverse circumstances.
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