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Haegele JA, Zhu X. Prevalence of Bullying Victimization and Perpetration Among Youth with Chronic Health Conditions in the United States. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2023; 16:881-888. [PMID: 38045843 PMCID: PMC10689641 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-023-00569-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Bullying perpetration and victimization have gained widespread recognition as major public health issues. However, few studies focused on exploring prevalence rates across impairments or chronic health conditions exist in the literature. The primary purpose of this analysis was to provide current estimates of bullying victimization and perpetration among US youth with 24 chronic health conditions. A secondary purpose was to examine associations between the number of chronic health conditions and bullying victimization and perpetration. Methods Data from the 2019-2020 National Survey of Children's Health, nationally representative cross-sectional probability sample of noninstitutionalized youth, were used. This study focused on 29,285 adolescents (aged 12-17 years), including 14,203 with a chronic condition. Pearson's χ2 tests were used to examine proportional equivalence on bullying perpetration and victimization, and logistic regression analyses were used to explore associations between the number of chronic conditions and bullying behaviors. Results A significantly higher proportion of adolescents with chronic health conditions engaged in bullying perpetration and victimization compared to those without a chronic health condition. Those with autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, and depression were noted as having elevated proportions of bullying victimization, whereas those with behavioral or conduct problems, blood disorders, and depression had higher rates of perpetration. Conclusions This analysis helps to identify several groups of adolescents in need of targeted interventions to help reduce bullying rates. Those experiencing more than one chronic health condition were 3.56 and 2.97 times as likely to engage in bullying victimization and perpetration, respectively, compared to those with no condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Haegele
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA
- Center for Movement, Health & Disability, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA
| | - Xihe Zhu
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA
- Center for Movement, Health & Disability, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA
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Exploring the correlates of homicidal ideation in Chinese early adolescents: A network analysis. J Affect Disord 2022; 314:241-248. [PMID: 35872248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent homicide rates have aroused global concern and better understanding of factors relating to homicidal ideation is critical. This study aimed to explore the correlates of homicidal ideation in a cross-sectional school-based sample of Chinese early adolescents. METHODS The data were obtained from the cross-sectional project 'Health and Risky Behaviors among Middle School Students in Anhui Province, China', which was conducted in November 2020. The entire sample of 5724 middle school students who completed the questionnaires was included in the present study. Network analysis was employed to examine the correlates of homicidal ideation at three levels: individual (sex, academic performance, childhood trauma, aggression, anxiety, severe physical illness), family (family economic status, family violence, parental crime, parental mental illness, relationship with father, relationship with mother), and school (school-bullying victimization and perpetration, relationship with classmates, teacher support). Additionally, sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate sex differences. RESULTS In the whole sample, 11.7 % of students reported homicidal ideation in the past six months. Network analyses revealed that individual-level (childhood maltreatment, aggression and anxiety) and school-level (teacher support, school-bullying victimization and perpetration) factors were associated with homicidal ideation. Sensitivity analyses showed that homicidal ideation was associated with academic performance and school-bullying victimization in boys but not in girls, although the sex differences were not significant. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design of this study limited the inference of causality. CONCLUSIONS This study identified some correlates of homicidal ideation and provided some novel insights into homicide prevention and intervention in Chinese early adolescents.
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Cosma A, Költő A, Chzhen Y, Kleszczewska D, Kalman M, Martin G. Measurement Invariance of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index: Evidence from 15 European Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9798. [PMID: 36011429 PMCID: PMC9407912 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The World Health Organization (WHO)-5 Well-Being Index has been used in many epidemiological studies to assess adolescent mental well-being. However, cross-country comparisons of this instrument among adolescents are scarce and, so far, no good-fitting, common invariant measurement model across countries has been reported. The present study aims to evaluate and establish a version of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index that allows for a valid cross-country comparison of adolescent self-reported mental well-being. (2) Methods: Using data from the 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study, we evaluated the measurement model and measurement invariance of the five items of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. We used nationally representative samples of 11-, 13-, and 15-year-old adolescents (N = 74,071) from fifteen countries and regions in Europe. Measurement invariance of the WHO-5 was assessed using a series (country, gender, and age) of multi-group confirmatory factor analyses. In addition, we evaluated the convergent validity of the measure by testing its correlations with psychosomatic complaints, life satisfaction, and self-rated health. (3) Results: We found that WHO-5 does not show good psychometric properties or good measurement invariance fit. However, by excluding the first item of the scale ("I have felt cheerful and in good spirits"), the WHO-4, consisting of the other four original items, had good psychometric properties, and demonstrated good suitability for cross-national comparisons (as well as age and gender) in adolescent mental well-being. (4) Conclusions: The present study introduces the WHO-4-a revised version of the WHO-5-, that allows for a valid comparison of mental well-being across fifteen countries and regions in Europe. The WHO-4 proved to be a reliable and valid instrument to assess mental well-being in the adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Cosma
- Department of Sociology, Trinity College Dublin, D01 Dublin, Ireland
| | - András Költő
- Health Promotion Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Yekaterina Chzhen
- Department of Sociology, Trinity College Dublin, D01 Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Michal Kalman
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Gina Martin
- Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB T9S 3A3, Canada
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Associations of bullying victimisation in different frequencies and types with suicidal behaviours among school-going adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2022. [PMCID: PMC9387118 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796022000440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Adolescent suicide is a severe public health problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and adolescents who are victims of bullying have a higher risk of suicidal behaviours. However, detailed global data concerning the association between bullying victimisation and suicide are lacking; thus, further multicontinental studies exploring the association of bullying victimisation at different frequencies and types with suicidal behaviours are urgent.
Methods
The data were extracted from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) (2010–2017) conducted in 40 LMICs (n = 151 184, mean age: 14.77 years, s.d.: 1.59, 54.2% females). Data concerning past-30-day bullying victimisation, past 12-month suicidal behaviours (suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicidal attempts) and other adverse health behaviours or outcomes were collected. Chi-square tests were used to explore the correlations among the main variables. A multivariable logistic regression and stratified logistic regressions were conducted to assess the associations.
Results
The overall prevalence of bullying victimisation, suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicidal attempts were 28.72, 12.64, 11.84 and 10.79%, respectively. The results showed a positive association of different frequencies and types of bullying victimisation with suicidal behaviours: suicidal ideation (odds ratio (OR) = 2.43, 2.06–2.87), suicidal plans (OR = 2.69, 2.28–3.17) and suicidal attempts (OR = 3.23, 2.73–3.82). Adolescents also reported the effects of being made fun of because of their religion: suicidal ideation (OR = 1.63, 1.41–1.88), suicidal plans (OR = 1.44, 1.24–1.66) and suicidal attempts (OR = 1.73, 1.50–1.98). Moreover, these associations varied among teenagers of different gender and body mass indexes (BMIs) and were stronger among males and adolescents who were underweight, overweight or obese.
Conclusions
Different types of bullying victimisation were positively related to suicidal behaviours; these associations varied among adolescents by gender and BMI. This study offers a theoretical basis for the identification of adolescents at a high risk of suicide and is beneficial for informing effective psychological interventions for constructing sound school environments, improving adolescents’ mental health and reducing the risk of suicide to promote health in LMICs and globally.
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Källmén H, Hallgren M. Bullying at school and mental health problems among adolescents: a repeated cross-sectional study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2021; 15:74. [PMID: 34906157 PMCID: PMC8672638 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-021-00425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine recent trends in bullying and mental health problems among adolescents and the association between them. METHOD A questionnaire measuring mental health problems, bullying at school, socio-economic status, and the school environment was distributed to all secondary school students aged 15 (school-year 9) and 18 (school-year 11) in Stockholm during 2014, 2018, and 2020 (n = 32,722). Associations between bullying and mental health problems were assessed using logistic regression analyses adjusting for relevant demographic, socio-economic, and school-related factors. RESULTS The prevalence of bullying remained stable and was highest among girls in year 9; range = 4.9% to 16.9%. Mental health problems increased; range = + 1.2% (year 9 boys) to + 4.6% (year 11 girls) and were consistently higher among girls (17.2% in year 11, 2020). In adjusted models, having been bullied was detrimentally associated with mental health (OR = 2.57 [2.24-2.96]). Reports of mental health problems were four times higher among boys who had been bullied compared to those not bullied. The corresponding figure for girls was 2.4 times higher. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to bullying at school was associated with higher odds of mental health problems. Boys appear to be more vulnerable to the deleterious effects of bullying than girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håkan Källmén
- grid.465198.7Stockholm Prevents Alcohol and Drug Problems (STAD), Center for Addiction Research and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Level 6, Solnavägen 1e, Solna, Sweden.
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Noorazar SG, Mohebbi M, Alizadeh‐Maralani F. The retrospective bullying experiences questionnaire (RBEQ): Its psychometric properties in Iranian University students. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Gholamreza Noorazar
- Department of Psychiatry Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mina Mohebbi
- Department of Education University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
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A Closer Look at the Emotional Intelligence Construct: How Do Emotional Intelligence Facets Relate to Life Satisfaction in Students Involved in Bullying and Cyberbullying? Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2021; 11:711-725. [PMID: 34563064 PMCID: PMC8314370 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe11030051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents’ perception of their own emotional abilities has been related to psychological adjustment and well-being. However, there are still few studies focusing on specific emotional dimensions in relation to bullying and well-being in adolescence. This study analysed the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) facets, satisfaction with life, bullying and cyberbullying in adolescents. The sample consisted of 3520 high school students (51.5% females) aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 14.37; SD = 1.67). The correlation analyses showed that the majority of EI facets were positively related to satisfaction with life and negatively with both types of violence. As was expected, bullying and cyberbullying victims and bully–victims scored lower in satisfaction with life and the majority of EI facets. Controlling for sex, age, and grade, self-emotion appraisal, use of emotions and regulation of emotion were the best predictors of life satisfaction in bully–victims of bullying and cyberbullying. Finally, we discuss the relevance of these findings for clinical and educational practice on EI seeking to promote subjective well-being among adolescents involved in bullying and cyberbullying.
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Hansen J, Morgenstern M, Isensee B, Galimov A, Hanewinkel R. Association between bullying victimization and e-cigarette use among German students. Aggress Behav 2021; 47:421-429. [PMID: 33559193 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the association between bullying victimization and e-cigarette use. Data from a 2019-2020 German student survey were used (N = 16,476). The target population consisted of students enrolled in grades 5-10, with a mean age of 13.1 years (SD = 1.8), and equal gender distribution (49.5% female). Mixed-effect multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between bullying victimization (attacked physically, assaulted verbally, experienced relational bullying, sexual harassment, cyberbullying) and current e-cigarette use. The multivariable analysis controlled for age, sex, sensation-seeking, socioeconomic status, school performance, type of school attended, and substance use (current cigarette smoking, hookah smoking, and alcohol drinking). Overall 510 (3.7%) students reported current use of e-cigarettes. The odds for using e-cigarettes increased each step of being bullied from "never," "rarely," "sometimes," "once a week," to "several times a week" by 2.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.81, 2.29) in the unadjusted model, and by 1.46 (95% CI: 1.24, 1.71) in the covariate-adjusted model. Data indicate an empirical association between victimization and e-cigarette use among German students. Design limitations prevent the conclusion of a causal relationship, calling for well-designed longitudinal studies to investigate the temporal sequence between victimization and e-cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hansen
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research IFT‐Nord Kiel Schleswig‐Holstein Germany
| | - Matthis Morgenstern
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research IFT‐Nord Kiel Schleswig‐Holstein Germany
| | - Barbara Isensee
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research IFT‐Nord Kiel Schleswig‐Holstein Germany
| | - Artur Galimov
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Reiner Hanewinkel
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research IFT‐Nord Kiel Schleswig‐Holstein Germany
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Simmons KX, Shah NN, Fakeh Campbell ML, Gonzalez LN, Jones LE, Shendell DG. Online and in-Person Violence, Harassment, Intimidation and Bullying in New Jersey: 2011-2016. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2020; 90:754-761. [PMID: 32776329 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New Jersey (NJ) Safe Schools Program, primarily funded by the NJ Department of Education, has aims concerning safety and health including helping to alleviate harassment, intimidation, and bullying (HIB) in secondary school because HIB can affect learning. We evaluated officially reported adolescent HIB total incidents and estimated rates in NJ public city and county school districts for the 2011-2016 school years. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study using population-based state-reported public data. We calculated point prevalence and incidence rates for K-12 students in 22 public city school districts, students in 21 career-technical-vocational education (CTE) school districts, and 8 special services school districts during 2011-2016. RESULTS HIB is prevalent in NJ school classrooms. HIB comprised ≥75% of total officially reported in-school violence-related incidents in a given school year. Rates per 100 enrollees of total officially reported incidents for the 5-year period of 2011-2016 was highest in special services school districts (5.00; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.67, 5.34) followed by CTE districts (1.94; 95% CI: 1.86, 2.01), and lowest in city districts (1.46; 95% CI: 1.44, 1.48). The special services school district also had the highest rates per year and the 5-year period. CONCLUSIONS Data analyses suggested ideas for further research and improvements for school HIB incident reports. Policies and programs could remedy issues observed in state secondary school classrooms. Best practices within districts and schools can help protect students from HIB and promote safety, health, learning, and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle X Simmons
- Research Assistant, , Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, New Jersey Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health, 683 Hoes Lane West, 3rd Floor SPH Building, Suite 399, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Nimit N Shah
- Research Assistant and Doctoral Student, , Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, New Jersey Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Maryanne L Fakeh Campbell
- Research Teaching Specialist, , New Jersey Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Lauren N Gonzalez
- Research Teaching Specialist, , New Jersey Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Laura E Jones
- Research Assistant, , Department of Urban-Global Public Health, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, New Jersey Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Derek G Shendell
- Associate Professor/Program Director, , Department of Environmental and Occupational Health/New Jersey Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health Piscataway, 683 Hoes Lane West, 3rd Floor SPH Building, Suite 399, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
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Taliaferro LA, Doty JL, Gower AL, Querna K, Rovito MJ. Profiles of Risk and Protection for Violence and Bullying Perpetration Among Adolescent Boys. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2020; 90:212-223. [PMID: 31894581 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Violence and bullying perpetration among boys are major public health problems. We address gaps in the literature by examining: (1) how risk and protective factors co-occur, and (2) how different risk/protection profiles are associated with violence and bullying perpetration among adolescent boys. METHODS Data came from the population-based 2016 Minnesota Student Survey. The analytic sample included boys in grades 8, 9, and 11 (N = 63,818). Latent profile analyses identified patterns of 22 behavioral, intrapersonal, family, and school and community risk/protective factors. Logistic regression analyses examined how these patterns related to violence and bullying perpetration. RESULTS We identified 5 groups: Class 1: Low risk, high safety, high connectedness; Class 2: Low risk, moderate safety, moderate connectedness; Class 3: Moderate risk, high safety, moderate connectedness; Class 4: High risk, moderate safety, low connectedness; and Class 5: High risk, low safety, low connectedness. Compared to Class 1, Class 5 students had the highest odds of all for violence and bullying perpetration. Class 4 students also demonstrated high odds of violence and bullying, compared to Class 1. Though not as high as Classes 4 or 5, Class 2 and 3 students showed higher odds for both outcomes, compared to Class 1. CONCLUSIONS Substantive variations exist in boys who engage in violence and bullying. We highlight cumulative, co-occurring risk factors, connectedness to parents and other prosocial adults (eg, teachers), and school and neighborhood safety as important factors to address in school health programs seeking to prevent violence and bullying perpetration among boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Taliaferro
- Assistant Professor, , Department of Population Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32827
| | - Jennifer L Doty
- Assistant Professor, , Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences, University of Florida, McCarty Hall D, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Amy L Gower
- Research Associate, , Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Katherine Querna
- Postdoctoral Fellow, , Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Michael J Rovito
- Assistant Professor, , Department of Health Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12805 Pegasus Drive, HPA I, Orlando, FL 32816
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Veloso VR, Costa FBDS, Marques CCDA, Andrade JX, Miranda CES, Araújo RSDRM. Vitimização por bullying e fatores associados em estudantes brasileiros com idade de 13 a 17 anos: estudo populacional. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2020; 23:e200097. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720200097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar fatores escolares, sociodemográficos, nutricionais e de percepção corporal e comportamental associados à vitimização por bullying entre estudantes brasileiros com idade de 13 a 17 anos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com base nos dados da amostra 2 da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015. A amostra do presente estudo é composta de 10.699 adolescentes de escolas de cada grande região do país. Resultados: A prevalência de vitimização por bullying foi de 6,2%, com maiores chances de vitimização em adolescentes que praticam bullying (razão de chances - OR = 1,91, intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% 1,48 - 2,45), com idade de 13 anos (OR = 1,76, IC95% 1,04 - 2,97), que se consideram gordos (OR = 1,45, IC95% 1,06 - 1,98) e não são bem tratados na escola pelos colegas (OR = 2,78, IC95% 2,17 - 3,45). Conclusão: Esforços preventivos que incluam programas de incentivo ao maior suporte social entre os estudantes e a implementação de práticas que reforcem o respeito às diferenças e peculiaridades dos alunos podem contribuir para a redução da vitimização por bullying.
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Bowman A, Knack JM, Barry AE, Merianos AL, Wilson KL, McKyer ELJ, Smith ML. Self-Perceptions and Factors Associated With Being Put Down at School Among Middle and High School Students. J Sch Nurs 2019; 37:270-279. [PMID: 31390956 DOI: 10.1177/1059840519864144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the prevalence of verbally being put down by others and intrapersonal and normative factors associated with being put down by others among middle and high school students. Students (N = 1,027) completed the Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Survey. Over 16% of participants reported being put down at school. Students who identified with the negative words confused, unattractive, dull, and careless and identified less with the positive words popular, smart, considerate, cool, and self-confident reported being put down by others. High school students were less likely to be put down. As students scored higher on the Negative Self-Description Scale, their odds of being put down increased. As students scored higher on the Positive Self-Description Scale, their odds of being put down decreased. Students who perceived their friends drinking alcohol regularly were less likely to be put down. Strategies to enhance self-perceptions to raise self-awareness and form healthy/positive identities are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Bowman
- College of Public Health, School of Social Work, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ashley L Merianos
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kelly L Wilson
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - E Lisako J McKyer
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Center for Community Health Development, Texas A&M School of Public Health, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Lee Smith
- Center for Population Health and Aging, Texas A&M School of Public Health, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M School of Public Health, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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