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Challet E, Pévet P. Melatonin in energy control: Circadian time-giver and homeostatic monitor. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12961. [PMID: 38751172 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone synthesized from dietary tryptophan in various organs, including the pineal gland and the retina. In the pineal gland, melatonin is produced at night under the control of the master clock located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus. Under physiological conditions, the pineal gland seems to constitute the unique source of circulating melatonin. Melatonin is involved in cellular metabolism in different ways. First, the circadian rhythm of melatonin helps the maintenance of proper internal timing, the disruption of which has deleterious effects on metabolic health. Second, melatonin modulates lipid metabolism, notably through diminished lipogenesis, and it has an antidiabetic effect, at least in several animal models. Third, pharmacological doses of melatonin have antioxidative, free radical-scavenging, and anti-inflammatory properties in various in vitro cellular models. As a result, melatonin can be considered both a circadian time-giver and a homeostatic monitor of cellular metabolism, via multiple mechanisms of action that are not all fully characterized. Aging, circadian disruption, and artificial light at night are conditions combining increased metabolic risks with diminished circulating levels of melatonin. Accordingly, melatonin supplementation could be of potential therapeutic value in the treatment or prevention of metabolic disorders. More clinical trials in controlled conditions are needed, notably taking greater account of circadian rhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Challet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paul Pévet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Hong SH, Lee DB, Yoon DW, Kim J. Melatonin Improves Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Sensitivity by Mitigating Inflammation and Activating AMPK Signaling in a Mouse Model of Sleep Fragmentation. Cells 2024; 13:470. [PMID: 38534314 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep fragmentation (SF) can increase inflammation and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to metabolic dysfunction. SF is associated with inflammation of adipose tissue and insulin resistance. Several studies have suggested that melatonin may have beneficial metabolic effects due to activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). However, it is unclear whether melatonin affects the AMPK signaling pathway in SF-induced metabolic dysfunction. Therefore, we hypothesize that SF induces metabolic impairment and inflammation in white adipose tissue (WAT), as well as altered intracellular homeostasis. We further hypothesize that these conditions could be improved by melatonin treatment. We conducted an experiment using adult male C57BL/6 mice, which were divided into three groups: control, SF, and SF with melatonin treatment (SF+Mel). The SF mice were housed in SF chambers, while the SF+Mel mice received daily oral melatonin. After 12 weeks, glucose tolerance tests, insulin tolerance tests, adipose tissue inflammation tests, and AMPK assessments were performed. The SF mice showed increased weight gain, impaired glucose regulation, inflammation, and decreased AMPK in WAT compared to the controls. Melatonin significantly improved these outcomes by mitigating SF-induced metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and AMPK downregulation in adipose tissue. The therapeutic efficacy of melatonin against cardiometabolic impairments in SF may be due to its ability to restore adipose tissue homeostatic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hyun Hong
- Sleep Medicine Institute, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun 28204, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun 28204, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Been Lee
- Sleep Medicine Institute, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun 28204, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Wui Yoon
- Sleep Medicine Institute, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun 28204, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun 28204, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkwan Kim
- Sleep Medicine Institute, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun 28204, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, Goesan-gun 28204, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Reda D, Elshopakey GE, Albukhari TA, Almehmadi SJ, Refaat B, Risha EF, Mahgoub HA, El-Boshy ME, Abdelhamid FM. Vitamin D3 alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats by inhibiting hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation via the SREBP-1-c/ PPARα-NF-κB/IR-S2 signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1164512. [PMID: 37261280 PMCID: PMC10228732 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1164512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disease characterized by fat deposits in liver cells, which can lead to hepatitis and fibrosis. This study attempted to explore the protective effect of vitamin D3 (VitD) against NAFLD. Methods: Adult male albino rats were randomized into four separate groups: the negative control group was fed a standard rat chow; the positive group received a high-fat diet (20%) and 25% fructose water (NAFLD); the VitD control group was intramuscularly treated with VitD (1,000 IU/kg BW) 3 days per week for 10 weeks; and the NAFLD group was treated with VitD therapy. Biochemical and hepatic histological analyses were performed. Hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions were also studied. Hepatic expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1-c (SREBP-1-c), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), and insulin receptor substrate-2 was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results and discussion: The NAFLD rats exhibited elevated terminal body weight, hepatic injury markers, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. Moreover, the NAFLD rats had increased SREBP-1-c expression and reduced PPAR-α and IRS-2 expressions. Histological analysis showed hepatic steatosis and inflammation in the NAFLD group. In contrast, VitD administration improved the serum biochemical parameters and hepatic redox status in NAFLD rats. Also, VitD treatment ameliorated hepatic inflammation and steatosis in the NAFLD group by decreasing the expression of SREBP-1-c and increasing the expression of PPAR-α. Overall, these results suggest that VitD could have a protective effect against NAFLD and its associated complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha Reda
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Gehad E. Elshopakey
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Talat A. Albukhari
- Department of Haematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah J. Almehmadi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassem Refaat
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Engy F. Risha
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah A. Mahgoub
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. El-Boshy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Fatma M. Abdelhamid
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Liu J, Chen H, Lin X, Zhu X, Huang J, Xu W, Tan M, Su J. Melatonin Suppresses Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase-Stimulator of Interferon Genes Signaling and Delays the Development of Hearing Loss in the C57BL/6J Presbycusis Mouse Model. Neuroscience 2023; 517:84-95. [PMID: 36702373 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin supplementation has been shown to delay age-related hearing loss (ARHL) progression. Previously, melatonin was found to inhibit neuronal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release, as well as inhibit cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling, thereby delaying the onset of central nervous system diseases. Therefore, we hypothesized that melatonin may delay the progression of hearing loss in the C57BL/6J presbycusis mouse model by inhibiting cGAS-STING signaling in the auditory pathway. Oral melatonin at 10 mg/kg/d was administered to 3-month-old C57BL/6J mice until 12 months of age. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold was used to assess their hearing ability. By real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, the levels of cytosolic mtDNA, cGAS/STING, and cytokines were examined in the mouse cochlea, inferior colliculus, and auditory cortex. We found that the 12-month-old control mice exhibited significant hearing loss, increased cytosolic mtDNA, increased expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-β, Cxcl10, and Ifit3, up-regulated cGAS and STING expression, and enhanced interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) phosphorylation in the C57BL/6J mouse cochlea, inferior colliculus, and auditory cortex. Melatonin treatment significantly improved hearing, decreased cytosolic mtDNA, suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-β, Ifit3, and Cxcl10, down-regulated cGAS and STING expression, and attenuated IRF3 phosphorylation in the C57BL/6J mouse cochlea, inferior colliculus, and auditory cortex. This study suggested that melatonin had a protective effect on auditory function in the C57BL/6J presbycusis mouse model, which may be mediated through reducing mtDNA release, inhibiting the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in the auditory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Afliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Huiying Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Afliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Afliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Afliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jialin Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Afliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenfeng Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Afliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Afliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiping Su
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Afliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Fernández-Mateos P, Cano-Barquilla P, Jiménez-Ortega V, Virto L, Pérez-Miguelsanz J, Esquifino AI. Effect of Melatonin on Redox Enzymes Daily Gene Expression in Perirenal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of a Diet Induced Obesity Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020960. [PMID: 36674472 PMCID: PMC9863119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased adiposity is related to oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolic disorders. Our group has shown that melatonin totally or partially prevents the alterations that obesity causes in some neuroendocrine and inflammatory parameters indicative of oxidative stress. This study analyzes the effects of HFD on the relative gene expression of several redox balance enzymes on adult male Wistar rats subcutaneous (SAT) and perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) and the possible preventive role of melatonin. Three experimental groups were established: control, high fat diet (HFD) and HFD plus 25 μg/mL melatonin in tap water. After 11 weeks, animals were sacrificed at 09:00 a.m. and 01:00 a.m. and PRAT and SAT were collected for selected redox enzymes qRT-PCR. Differential expression of redox enzyme genes, except for SODMn, GPx and catalase, was observed in the control group as a function of fat depot. HFD causes the disappearance of the temporal changes in the expression of the genes studied in the two fat depots analyzed. PRAT seems to be more sensitive than SAT to increased oxidative stress induced by obesity. Melatonin combined with a HFD intake, partially prevents the effects of the HFD on the gene expression of the redox enzymes. According to our results, melatonin selectively prevents changes in the relative gene expression of redox enzymes in PRAT and SAT of animals fed an HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Fernández-Mateos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.F.-M.); (A.I.E.); Tel.: +34-913947256 (P.F.-M.); +34-913947189 (A.I.E.)
| | - Pilar Cano-Barquilla
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Jiménez-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leire Virto
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Optics, Complutense University, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juliana Pérez-Miguelsanz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Esquifino
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.F.-M.); (A.I.E.); Tel.: +34-913947256 (P.F.-M.); +34-913947189 (A.I.E.)
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Effects of Resveratrol Against Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3362005. [PMID: 35990819 PMCID: PMC9388238 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3362005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a serious health problem associated with an increase in risk factors for hepatic steatosis, which is the most common liver disease today. The goal of this study was to investigate the protective effects of resveratrol against metabolic alterations associated with a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD). Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: control (cont.), metabolic syndrome (MS), resveratrol (Res), and metabolic syndrome treated with resveratrol (MS + Res). Resveratrol was administrated orally at a dose of 30 mg/kg·bw, daily. After 10 weeks, body weight, serum biochemical parameters, hepatic oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, as well as mRNA levels of hepatic genes related to lipid metabolism and insulin signaling were measured. In addition, the liver was examined histopathologically to detect lipid deposition. Increased body weight, hepatic dysfunction, dyslipidemia, hepatic insulin resistance, hepatic oxidative and inflammatory stress conditions, upregulation of mRNA expression level of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1-c (SREBP1-c), and downregulation of mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferated activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and insulin receptor substrate-2 (IR-S2) were all observed in the MS rats. Hepatic steatosis was confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O staining. Administration of resveratrol reduced liver steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory state. Also, it improved lipid profile as well as insulin sensitivity and reverted alterations in hepatic mRNA expression levels of the tested genes. Based on these findings, resveratrol could be proposed as a therapeutic approach for MS prevention.
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Zhuang H, Yao X, Li H, Li Q, Yang C, Wang C, Xu D, Xiao Y, Gao Y, Gao J, Bi M, Liu R, Teng G, Liu L. Long-term high-fat diet consumption by mice throughout adulthood induces neurobehavioral alterations and hippocampal neuronal remodeling accompanied by augmented microglial lipid accumulation. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 100:155-171. [PMID: 34848340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) consumption is generally associated with an increased risk of cognitive and emotional dysfunctions that constitute a sizeable worldwide health burden with profound social and economic consequences. Middle age is a critical time period that affects one's health later in life; pertinently, the prevalence of HFD consumption is increasing among mature adults. Given the growing health-related economic burden imposed globally by increasing rates of noncommunicable diseases in rapidly aging populations, along with the pervasive but insidious health impairments associated with HFD consumption, it is critically important to understand the effects of long-term HFD consumption on brain function and to gain insights into their potential underlying mechanisms. In the present study, adult male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned a control diet (CD, 10 kJ% from fat) or an HFD (60 kJ% from fat) for 6 months (6 M) or 9 months (9 M) followed by behavioral tests, serum biochemical analysis, and histological examinations of both the dorsal and ventral regions of the hippocampus. In both the 6 M and 9 M cohorts, mice that consumed an HFD exhibited poorer memory performance in the Morris water maze test (MWM) and greater depression- and anxiety-like behavior during the open field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swim test (FST) than control mice. Compared with age-matched mice in the CD group, mice in the HFD group showed abnormal hippocampal neuronal morphology, which was particularly evident in the ventral hippocampus. Hippocampal microglia in mice in the HFD group generally had a more activated phenotype evidenced by a smaller microglial territory area and increased cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68, a marker of phagocytic activity) immunoreactivity, while the microglial density in the dentate gyrus (DG) was decreased, indicating microglial decline. The engulfment of postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95, a general postsynaptic marker) puncta by microglia was increased in the HFD groups. Histological analysis of neutral lipids using a fluorescent probe (BODIPY) revealed that the total neutral lipid content in regions of interests (ROIs) and the lipid load in microglia were increased in the HFD group relative to the age-matched CD group. In summary, our results demonstrated that chronic HFD consumption from young adulthood to middle age induced anxiety- and depression-like behavior as well as memory impairment. The negative influence of chronic HFD consumption on behavioral and hippocampal neuroplasticity appears to be linked to a change in microglial phenotype that is accompanied by a remarkable increase in cellular lipid accumulation. These observations highlighting the potential to target lipid metabolism deficits to reduce the risk of HFD-associated emotional dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhuang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiuting Yao
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Chenxi Yang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Conghui Wang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiayi Gao
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mingze Bi
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gaojun Teng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lijie Liu
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Patel R, Parmar N, Pramanik Palit S, Rathwa N, Ramachandran AV, Begum R. Diabetes mellitus and melatonin: Where are we? Biochimie 2022; 202:2-14. [PMID: 35007648 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetes-related complications are amongst the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The international diabetes federation (IDF) has estimated 592 million people to suffer from DM by 2035. Hence, finding a novel biomolecule that can effectively aid diabetes management is vital, as other existing drugs have numerous side effects. Melatonin, a pineal hormone having antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, has been implicated in circadian dysrhythmia-linked DM. Reduced levels of melatonin and a functional link between melatonin and insulin are implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) Additionally, genomic studies revealed that rare variants in melatonin receptor 1b (MTNR1B) are also associated with impaired glucose tolerance and increased risk of T2D. Moreover, exogenous melatonin treatment in cell lines, rodent models, and diabetic patients has shown a potent effect in alleviating diabetes and other related complications. This highlights the role of melatonin in glucose homeostasis. However, there are also contradictory reports on the effects of melatonin supplementation. Thus, it is essential to explore if melatonin can be taken from bench to bedside for diabetes management. This review summarizes the therapeutic potential of melatonin in various diabetic models and whether it can be considered a safe drug for managing diabetic complications and diabetic manifestations like oxidative stress, inflammation, ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic dysregulation, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roma Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Nishant Parmar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Sayantani Pramanik Palit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Nirali Rathwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, Gujarat, India
| | - A V Ramachandran
- Division of Life Science, School of Sciences, Navrachana University, Vadodara, 391 410, Gujarat, India
| | - Rasheedunnisa Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390 002, Gujarat, India.
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Mechanisms of Melatonin in Obesity: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010218. [PMID: 35008644 PMCID: PMC8745381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its complications have become a prominent global public health problem that severely threatens human health. Melatonin, originally known as an effective antioxidant, is an endogenous hormone found throughout the body that serves various physiological functions. In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to its unique function in regulating energy metabolism, especially in glucose and lipid metabolism. Accumulating evidence has established the relationship between melatonin and obesity; nevertheless, not all preclinical and clinical evidence indicates the anti-obesity effect of melatonin, which makes it remain to conclude the clinical effect of melatonin in the fight against obesity. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge of melatonin in regulating obesity-related symptoms, with emphasis on its underlying mechanisms. The role of melatonin in regulating the lipid profile, adipose tissue, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as well as the interactions of melatonin with the circadian rhythm, gut microbiota, sleep disorder, as well as the α7nAChR, the opioidergic system, and exosomes, make melatonin a promising agent to open new avenues in the intervention of obesity.
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Alamdari AF, Rahnemayan S, Rajabi H, Vahed N, Kashani HRK, Rezabakhsh A, Sanaie S. Melatonin as a promising modulator of aging related neurodegenerative disorders: Role of microRNAs. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105839. [PMID: 34418564 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the host risk factors involved in aging-related diseases is coupled with the reduction of endogenous melatonin (MLT) synthesis in the pineal gland. MLT is considered a well-known pleiotropic regulatory hormone to modulate a multitude of biological processes such as the regulation of circadian rhythm attended by potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. It has also been established that the microRNAs family, as non-coding mRNAs regulating post-transcriptional processes, also serve a crucial role to promote MLT-related advantageous effects in both experimental and clinical settings. Moreover, the anti-aging impact of MLT and miRNAs participation jointly are of particular interest, recently. In this review, we aimed to scrutinize recent advances concerning the therapeutic implications of MLT, particularly in the brain tissue in the face of aging. We also assessed the possible interplay between microRNAs and MLT, which could be considered a therapeutic strategy to slow down the aging process in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Fathalizadeh Alamdari
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sama Rahnemayan
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Rajabi
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nafiseh Vahed
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Chondroprotective effect of melatonin and strontium ranelate in animal model of osteoarthritis. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06760. [PMID: 33912721 PMCID: PMC8066349 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the action of strontium ranelate (SR) and melatonin in isolation or in association in knees, liver and kidneys of rats Wistar with induced osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Thirty male rats were induced to OA through an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), and treated with melatonin and SR in isolation or in association. Morphological, histopathological, histochemical and morphometric analysis were realized of the structure of the articular capsule, as well as histopathological analysis of liver and kidneys from the animals. Results The experimental model was successful. The association of the drugs presented chondroprotective pharmacodynamics. However, more successful results were identified from analysis of animals in which received melatonin in isolation, regarding biochemical parameters of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase. The prepared slide samples of liver and kidneys from groups submitted to the isolated use of SR and melatonin or the association of these drugs presented no differences, when compared to the control group. Discussion The administration of the drugs presented chondroprotective effect and prevented from the aggravation of articulate damages, and was not capable of modifying the histology of liver or kidneys. This finding suggests a safe association for the treatment of OA, however it requires further investigation in order to expand therapeutic perspectives regarding improvements of the quality of life of individuals in our society.
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Mirmajidi T, Chogan F, Rezayan AH, Sharifi AM. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a nanofiber wound dressing loaded with melatonin. Int J Pharm 2021; 596:120213. [PMID: 33493599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complicated process that takes a long time to complete. The three-layer nanofiber wound dressing containing melatonin is highly expected to show remarkable wound repair by reducing the wound healing time. In this study, chitosan (Cs)-polycaprolactone (PCL)/ polyvinylalcohol (PVA)-melatonin (MEL)/ chitosan-polycaprolactone three-layer nanofiber wound dressing was prepared by electrospinning for melatonin sustained release. The characteristics of the wound dressing were further evaluated. The wound dressing had a high water uptake after 24 h (401%), and the water contact angle results showed that it had hydrophilicity effect that supported the cell attachment. The wound healing effect of wound dressing was examined using a full-thickness excisional model of rat skin by the local administration of MEL. The gene expressions of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen type I (COL1A1), and collagen type III (COL3A1) were further studied. The histopathological evaluation showed the complete regeneration of the epithelial layer, remodeling of wounds, collagen synthesis, and reduction in inflammatory cells. The NF + 20% MEL significantly increased TGF-β1, COL1A1, COL3A1, and α-SMA mRNA expressions. This wound dressing may have a considerable potential as a wound dressing to accelerate the wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Mirmajidi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faraz Chogan
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hossein Rezayan
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Razi Drug Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Tissue Engineering Group (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Zhang J, Lu J, Zhu H, Zhou X, Wei X, Gu M. Association of Serum Melatonin Level with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Endocrinol 2021; 2021:5566019. [PMID: 34007273 PMCID: PMC8099517 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5566019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Melatonin is an essential neuroendocrine hormone that participates in the regulation of sleep rhythm and cognitive function. This study aimed to determine serum melatonin levels with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS A total of 247 T2DM patients were recruited in this retrospective study and divided into 75 subjects with MCI and 172 with normal cognition. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Their blood sample was examined for the level of melatonin and other biochemical parameters. RESULTS Melatonin concentration was decreased in MCI patients to non-MCI patients (P < 0.001). Melatonin level was negatively correlated with age (r = -0.202; P = 0.001), diabetes duration (r = -0.282; P < 0.001), serum HbA1c (r = -0.195; P = 0.002), hs-CRP (r = -0.324; P < 0.001), and TSH (r = -0.184; P = 0.004) levels and positively correlated with MoCA score, serum HDL-C (r = 0.145; P < 0.001), FT3 (r = 0.241; P < 0.001), and FT4 (r = 0.169; P = 0.008) levels. The multivariable analysis indicated that fewer years of formal education, longer diabetes duration, higher serum HbA1c, higher serum hs-CRP, and lower serum melatonin are the predisposing factors for MCI. CONCLUSION Lower melatonin level was associated with cognitive impairment in patients with T2DM. Melatonin might serve as a potential protective molecule against cognitive dysfunction in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichen Zhang
- The Graduate School, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750005, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Jiancan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Hongling Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Xinglu Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Xijuan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Mingjun Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New District Gongli Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
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Huang Y, Zhao X, Zhang ZT, Chen SS, Li SS, Shi Z, Jing J, Huang A, Guo YM, Bai ZF, Zou ZS, Xiao XH, Wang JB, Niu M. Metabolomics Profiling and Diagnosis Biomarkers Searching for Drug-Induced Liver Injury Implicated to Polygonum multiflorum: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:592434. [PMID: 33330552 PMCID: PMC7734208 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.592434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a challenge and the cases of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM) induced DILI (PM-DILI) have received much attention This study aimed to identify a simple and high-efficiency approach to PM-DILI diagnosis via metabolomics analysis. Methods: Plasma metabolites in 13 PM-DILI patients were profiled by liquid chromatography along with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Meanwhile, the metabolic characteristics of the PM-DILI were compared with that of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), hepatitis B (HBV), and healthy volunteers. Results: Twenty-four metabolites were identified to present significantly different levels in PM-DILI patients compared with HBV and AIH groups. These metabolites were enriched into glucose, amino acids, and sphingolipids metabolisms. Among these essential metabolites, the ratios of P-cresol sulfate vs. phenylalanine and inosine vs. bilirubin were further selected using a stepwise decision tree to construct a classification model in order to differentiate PM-DILI from HBV and AIH. The model was highly effective with sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 88.9%. Conclusions: This study presents an integrated view of the metabolic features of PM-DILI induced by herbal medicine, and the four-metabolite decision tree technique imparts a potent tool in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Teng Zhang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Chen
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Shi
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jing
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Huang
- Center for Non-Infectious Liver Disease, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ming Guo
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Fang Bai
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Zou
- Center for Non-Infectious Liver Disease, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-He Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Niu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Poisoning Treatment, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Genario R, Cipolla-Neto J, Bueno AA, Santos HO. Melatonin supplementation in the management of obesity and obesity-associated disorders: A review of physiological mechanisms and clinical applications. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105254. [PMID: 33080320 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the evolving advances in clinical approaches to obesity and its inherent comorbidities, the therapeutic challenge persists. Among several pharmacological tools already investigated, recent studies suggest that melatonin supplementation could be an efficient therapeutic approach in the context of obesity. In the present review, we have amalgamated the evidence so far available on physiological effects of melatonin supplementation in obesity therapies, addressing its effects upon neuroendocrine systems, cardiometabolic biomarkers and body composition. Most studies herein appraised employed melatonin supplementation at dosages ranging from 1 to 20 mg/day, and most studies followed up participants for periods from 3 weeks to 12 months. Overall, it was observed that melatonin plays an important role in glycaemic homeostasis, in addition to modulation of white adipose tissue activity and lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial activity. Additionally, melatonin increases brown adipose tissue volume and activity, and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have also been demonstrated. There appears to be a role for melatonin in adiposity reduction; however, several questions remain unanswered, for example melatonin baseline levels in obesity, and whether any seeming hypomelatonaemia or melatonin irresponsiveness could be clarifying factors. Supplementation dosage studies and more thorough clinical trials are needed to ascertain not only the relevance of such findings but also the efficacy of melatonin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Genario
- School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Allain A Bueno
- College of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Kalmukova OO, Yurchenko AV, Savchuk AM, Dzerzhynsky ME. Changes in the Inflammatory Status in White Adipose Tissue of Rats with Diet-Induced Obesity at Different Regimens of Melatonin Administration. CYTOL GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452720010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhou S, Dai YM, Zeng XF, Chen HZ. Circadian Clock and Sirtuins in Diabetic Lung: A Mechanistic Perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:173. [PMID: 32308644 PMCID: PMC7145977 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-induced tissue injuries in target organs such as the kidney, heart, eye, liver, skin, and nervous system contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of diabetes. However, whether the lung should be considered a diabetic target organ has been discussed for decades. Accumulating evidence shows that both pulmonary histological changes and functional abnormalities have been observed in diabetic patients, suggesting that the lung is a diabetic target organ. Mechanisms underlying diabetic lung are unclear, however, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and premature aging convincingly contribute to them. Circadian system and Sirtuins have been well-documented to play important roles in above mechanisms. Circadian rhythms are intrinsic mammalian biological oscillations with a period of near 24 h driven by the circadian clock system. This system plays an important role in the regulation of energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, cellular proliferation and senescence, thus impacting metabolism-related diseases, chronic airway diseases and cancers. Sirtuins, a family of adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylases, have been demonstrated to regulate a series of physiological processes and affect diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), heart disease, cancer, and aging. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the roles of the circadian clock and Sirtuins in regulating cellular processes and highlight the potential interactions of the circadian clock and Sirtuins in the context of diabetic lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuang Zhou
| | - Yi-Min Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Hou-Zao Chen ;
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Rusanova I, Martínez-Ruiz L, Florido J, Rodríguez-Santana C, Guerra-Librero A, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Escames G. Protective Effects of Melatonin on the Skin: Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194948. [PMID: 31597233 PMCID: PMC6802208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
When exposed to hostile environments such as radiation, physical injuries, chemicals, pollution, and microorganisms, the skin requires protective chemical molecules and pathways. Melatonin, a highly conserved ancient molecule, plays a crucial role in the maintenance of skin. As human skin has functional melatonin receptors and also acts as a complete system that is capable of producing and regulating melatonin synthesis, melatonin is a promising candidate for its maintenance and protection. Below, we review the studies of new metabolic pathways involved in the protective functions of melatonin in dermal cells. We also discuss the advantages of the topical use of melatonin for therapeutic purposes and skin protection. In our view, endogenous intracutaneous melatonin production, together with topically-applied exogenous melatonin and its metabolites, represent two of the most potent defense systems against external damage to the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Rusanova
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria CIBERFES, IBS. Granada, Granada Hospital Complex, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Laura Martínez-Ruiz
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Javier Florido
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - César Rodríguez-Santana
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Ana Guerra-Librero
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria CIBERFES, IBS. Granada, Granada Hospital Complex, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria CIBERFES, IBS. Granada, Granada Hospital Complex, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Germaine Escames
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria CIBERFES, IBS. Granada, Granada Hospital Complex, 18016 Granada, Spain.
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Abstract
PurposeMetabolic syndrome contains metabolic disorders that have association with other chronic diseases. Melatonin is a bioactive compound which is found in plants and also produced in the body. The purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of melatonin supplement on metabolic syndrome components, also leptin and adiponectin blood concentrations in patients with metabolic syndrome.Design/methodology/approachA double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 subjects with metabolic syndrome. Participants received 6 mg/day melatonin or placebo before bedtime for 12 weeks. At the beginning and end of treatment period, blood samples were collected and biochemical parameters were measured. In addition, blood pressure and anthropometric indices were examined before and after the supplementation. Independent samplet-test was used to compare changes in metabolic syndrome components between the two study groups.FindingsResults showed a significant reduction in waist circumference (−1.54 vs −0.04 cm;p= 0.036), systolic blood pressure (−3.52 vs 0.79 mmHg;p= 0.020), diastolic blood pressure (−1.50 vs 1.73 mmHg;p= 0.014), serum leptin concentration (−2.54 vs 0.27ng/ml;p= 0.041) and an elevation in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (2.19 vs −0.79 mg/dl;p= 0.038) in the melatonin group compared to the placebo.Research limitations/implicationsIf insulin concentration had been measured, it might have revealed better interpretation of melatonin effect on fasting blood glucose.Originality/valueThis study showed that melatonin as a nutritional supplement improved most metabolic syndrome components and concentration of leptin in the melatonin group compared to the placebo.
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Kim LB, Putyatina AN, Russkikh GS, Tsypysheva OB. Correlation between the Melatonin Level and Indicators of Aging and Fibrosis in Men in the European Part of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057019020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Kalmukova OO, Yurchenko AV, Kyryk VM, Nepomnyaschy VM, Savchuk OM, Dzerzhynsky ME. Effects of Melatonin Administration in Different Time Modes on Morphofunctional Indices of the Hypothalamic Serotonergic Neurons in Obese Rats. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-019-09771-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mercau ME, Calanni JS, Aranda ML, Caldareri LJ, Rosenstein RE, Repetto EM, Cymeryng CB. Melatonin prevents early pituitary dysfunction induced by sucrose-rich diets. J Pineal Res 2019; 66:e12545. [PMID: 30586198 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While physiological levels of glucocorticoids are required to ensure proper functions of the body, consistently high levels may engender several deleterious consequences. We have previously shown an increase in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in rats fed sucrose-rich diets (SRD). The main goal of this study was to analyze the processes involved in the modulation of the pituitary production of ACTH by SRD, and to test melatonin as a possible therapeutic agent for the prevention of the HPA axis dysfunction. Male Wistar rats were fed standard chow and either SRD (30% sucrose in the drinking water) or plain water for three weeks. Melatonin was administered as subcutaneous pellets. Results showed that SRD treatment induced an increase in systemic ACTH and corticosterone levels and a decrease in melatonin levels. In the pituitary gland, we also detected an increase in the expression levels of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) that was accompanied by increased levels of: lipoperoxides, nitro-tyrosine modified proteins, catalase, heme oxygenase-1, interleukin-1β mRNA, and by an increase in the tissue number of inflammatory cells (F4/80 and Iba-1 positive cells). Melatonin treatment prevented all these systemic and pituitary changes as well as the increase in POMC expression induced by incubation of AtT-20 corticotrophs with conditioned media obtained from stimulated macrophages. In conclusion, stimulation of POMC/ACTH production in rats fed a SRD could involve the generation of oxidative stress and inflammation in the pituitary gland. Melatonin treatment prevented these effects and normalized the activity of the HPA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elisa Mercau
- Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Salvador Calanni
- Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcos Luis Aranda
- Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lilian Julia Caldareri
- Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ruth Estela Rosenstein
- Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Martin Repetto
- Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Cátedra Bioquímica Clínica I, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cora Beatriz Cymeryng
- Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Taghavi Ardakani A, Farrehi M, Sharif MR, Ostadmohammadi V, Mirhosseini N, Kheirkhah D, Moosavi SGA, Behnejad M, Reiter RJ, Asemi Z. The effects of melatonin administration on disease severity and sleep quality in children with atopic dermatitis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018; 29:834-840. [PMID: 30160043 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this clinical trial was to determine the effects of melatonin administration on disease severity and sleep quality in children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS This randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted by recruiting 70 patients, aged 6-12 years, who had been diagnosed with AD. Study participants were randomly allocated into two intervention groups to receive either 6 mg/d melatonin supplements or placebo (n = 35 each group) for 6 weeks. Severity of disease was assessed using the scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) and objective SCORAD indices. Sleep quality was evaluated by completing the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). RESULTS Following 6 weeks of intervention, melatonin supplementation significantly improved SCORAD index (β -3.55; 95% CI, -6.11, -0.98; P = 0.007), objective SCORAD index (β -3.23; 95% CI, -5.08, -1.38; P = 0.001), serum total IgE levels (β -153.94 ku/L; 95% CI, -260.39, -47.49; P = 0.005), and CSHQ scores (β -2.55; 95% CI, -4.34, -0.75; P = 0.006). However, melatonin had no significant impact on pruritus scores, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), sleep-onset latency, total sleep time, weight, and BMI compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Overall, melatonin supplementation had beneficial effects on disease severity, serum total IgE levels, and CSHQ among children diagnosed with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Taghavi Ardakani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Farrehi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sharif
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Davood Kheirkhah
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Gholam Abbas Moosavi
- Department of Statistics and Public Health, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Milad Behnejad
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Xiu L, Yang Z, Zhao Y, Liu X, Jiao J, Ye M, Sun D, Wei P. High-fat diets promote colon orthotopic transplantation tumor metastasis in BALB/c mice. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1914-1920. [PMID: 30675255 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs) are a risk factor for colorectal cancer. The present study investigated whether HFDs increase colon cancer metastasis in BALB/c mice. A total of 40 BALB/c mice were divided into four groups, including the tumor, tumor-HFD, HFD and control groups. After 3 weeks, the tumor weights and metastases were observed. The serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, lapin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor were analyzed using ELISA. The CD34, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiotensin 2 (ANG2) protein and mRNA levels in tumor tissues were analyzed with immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The metastasis frequency increased in the tumor-HFD group. However, there was no difference in the mean tumor weight between the tumor-HFD and tumor groups. The serum cholesterol levels were increased in the tumor-HFD and HFD groups compared with the control group. The levels of serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were increased in the tumor-HFD group compared with other groups. The CD34 protein level, and VEGF protein and mRNA levels were increased in the tumor-HFD group compared with the tumor group. No difference was identified between the ANG2 protein and mRNA levels in of the two groups. It was concluded that HFD increased the serum level of cholesterol and cytokines, and potentially induced tumor angiogenesis, promoting transplanted orthotopic colon tumor metastasis in BALB/c mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Xiu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Pathology, 81st Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jianpeng Jiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Dazhi Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Pinkang Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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Virto L, Cano P, Jiménez-Ortega V, Fernández-Mateos P, González J, Haugen HJ, Esquifino AI, Sanz M. Melatonin as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of periodontitis associated with obesity. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:1336-1346. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leire Virto
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
| | - Pilar Cano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology (Sección Departamental, Faculty of Medicine); University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Vanesa Jiménez-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology (Sección Departamental, Faculty of Medicine); University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Pilar Fernández-Mateos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology; Faculty of Medicine; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Jerián González
- Department of Clinical Dental Specialties; Faculty of Odontology; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Håvard J. Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials; Institute for Clinical Dentistry; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Ana Isabel Esquifino
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology (Sección Departamental, Faculty of Medicine); University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Mariano Sanz
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
- Department of Clinical Dental Specialties; Faculty of Odontology; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
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26
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Dantas‐Ferreira RF, Raingard H, Dumont S, Schuster‐Klein C, Guardiola‐Lemaitre B, Pevet P, Challet E. Melatonin potentiates the effects of metformin on glucose metabolism and food intake in high-fat-fed rats. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2018; 1:e00039. [PMID: 30815567 PMCID: PMC6354841 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin is a hormone synthesized mainly by the pineal gland, and secreted only at night. Melatonin has been proposed as a modulator of glucose metabolism. METHODS Here we studied the metabolic effects of melatonin administration alone (s.c. 10 mg/kg) or in combination with metformin (p.o. 300 mg/kg), a widely used anti-diabetic drug. These treatments were tested on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and food intake in Zucker fatty rats (i.e., bearing a missense mutation in the leptin receptor gene) and high-fat fed Sprague-Dawley rats. RESULTS Melatonin alone or in combination did not significantly modify glucose tolerance in either model. Melatonin alone in high-fat fed Sprague-Dawley improved insulin sensitivity to the level of metformin. In addition, combined treatment further ameliorated insulin sensitivity (+13%), especially during the late phase of rising glycemia. The lack of similar effects in Zucker rats suggests an involvement of leptin signaling in mediating the positive effects of melatonin. Body mass gain in Sprague-Dawley rats was decreased by both metformin, and combined metformin and melatonin. While melatonin alone did not markedly affect food intake, its combination with metformin led to a more pronounced anorexia (-17% food intake during the last week), as compared to metformin alone. CONCLUSIONS Melatonin improves the beneficial effects of metformin on insulin sensitivity and body mass gain in high-fat fed Sprague-Dawley rats. Therefore, the combination of melatonin and metformin could be beneficial to develop dual therapies to treat or delay type 2 diabetes associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana F. Dantas‐Ferreira
- Circadian Clocks & Metabolism teamInstitute of Cellular and Integrative NeurosciencesCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Helene Raingard
- Circadian Clocks & Metabolism teamInstitute of Cellular and Integrative NeurosciencesCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Stephanie Dumont
- Circadian Clocks & Metabolism teamInstitute of Cellular and Integrative NeurosciencesCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | | | | | - Paul Pevet
- Circadian Clocks & Metabolism teamInstitute of Cellular and Integrative NeurosciencesCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
| | - Etienne Challet
- Circadian Clocks & Metabolism teamInstitute of Cellular and Integrative NeurosciencesCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)University of StrasbourgStrasbourgFrance
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27
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Virto L, Haugen HJ, Fernández-Mateos P, Cano P, González J, Jiménez-Ortega V, Esquifino AI, Sanz M. Melatonin expression in periodontitis and obesity: An experimental in-vivo investigation. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:825-831. [PMID: 29900537 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Melatonin deficiency has been associated with obesity and systemic inflammation. This study aims to evaluate whether melatonin could interfere with the mechanisms of co-morbidity linking obesity and periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided in 4 groups: control group (Con) (fed with standard diet); high-fat diet group (HFD) (fed with a diet containing 35.2% fat); Con group with induced periodontitis (Con-Perio) and HFD group with induced periodontitis (HFD-Perio). To induce periodontitis, the method of oral gavages with Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC W83K1 and Fusobacterium nucleatum DMSZ 20482 was used. Circulating melatonin levels were analyzed by multiplex immunoassays. Periodontitis was assessed by alveolar bone loss (micro-computed tomography and histology) and by surrogate inflammatory outcomes (periodontal pocket depth, modified gingival index and plaque dental index). RESULTS Plasma melatonin levels were significantly decreased (P < .05) in the obese rats with periodontitis when compared with controls or with either obese or periodontitis rats. Alveolar bone loss increased 27.71% (2.28 µm) in HFD-Perio group compared with the Con group. The histological analysis showed marked periodontal tissue destruction with osteoclast activity, particularly in the HFD-Perio group. A significant negative correlation (P < .05) was found between periodontal pocket depth, modified gingival index and circulating melatonin levels. CONCLUSION Obese and periodontitis demonstrated significantly lower melatonin concentrations when compared with controls, but in obese rats with periodontitis these concentrations were even significantly lower when compared with either periodontitis or obese rats. These results may indicate that melatonin deficiency could be a key mechanism explaining the co-morbidity effect in the association between obesity and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Virto
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - H J Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - P Fernández-Mateos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cellular Biology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Cano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - J González
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Jiménez-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - A I Esquifino
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Sanz
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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28
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Escudero-López B, Ortega Á, Cerrillo I, Rodríguez-Griñolo MR, Muñoz-Hernández R, Macher HC, Martín F, Hornero-Méndez D, Mena P, Del Rio D, Fernández-Pachón MS. Consumption of orange fermented beverage improves antioxidant status and reduces peroxidation lipid and inflammatory markers in healthy humans. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2777-2786. [PMID: 29124773 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcoholic fermentation of fruits has generated novel products with high concentrations of bioactive compounds and moderate alcohol content. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect on cardiovascular risk factors of the regular consumption by healthy humans of a beverage obtained by alcoholic fermentation and pasteurization of orange juice. RESULTS Thirty healthy volunteers were enrolled in a randomized controlled study. The experimental group (n = 15) drank 500 mL orange beverage (OB) per day for 2 weeks (intervention phase), followed by a 3-week washout phase. Blood samples were collected at baseline (E-T0) and at the end of the intervention (E-T1) and washout (E-T2) phases. Controls (n = 15) did not consume OB during a 2-week period. OB intake significantly increased oxygen radical absorbance capacity (43.9%) and reduced uric acid (-8.9%), catalase (CAT) (-23.2%), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (-30.2%) and C-reactive protein (-2.1%) (E-T1 vs. E-T0). These effects may represent longer-term benefits, given the decreased uric acid (-8.9%), CAT (-34.6%), TBARS (-48.4%) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (-23.9%) values recorded after the washout phase (E-T2 vs. E-T0). CONCLUSION The regular consumption of OB improved antioxidant status and decreased inflammation state, lipid peroxidation and uric acid levels. Thus OB may protect the cardiovascular system in healthy humans and be considered a novel functional beverage. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Escudero-López
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ángeles Ortega
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Isabel Cerrillo
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
- Investigador Asociado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - María-Rosario Rodríguez-Griñolo
- Área de Estadística e IO, Departamento de Economía, Métodos Cuantitativos e Historia Económica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Muñoz-Hernández
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Laboratorio de Hipertensión Arterial e Hipercolesterolemia, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Hada C Macher
- Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Franz Martín
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Dámaso Hornero-Méndez
- Departamento de Fitoquímica de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - María-Soledad Fernández-Pachón
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
- Investigador Asociado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
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29
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Liu Z, Gan L, Zhang T, Ren Q, Sun C. Melatonin alleviates adipose inflammation through elevating α-ketoglutarate and diverting adipose-derived exosomes to macrophages in mice. J Pineal Res 2018; 64. [PMID: 29149454 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with macrophage infiltration and metabolic inflammation, both of which promote metabolic disease progression. Melatonin is reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting inflammatory response of adipocytes and macrophages activation. However, the effects of melatonin on the communication between adipocytes and macrophages during adipose inflammation remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated melatonin alleviated inflammation and elevated α-ketoglutarate (αKG) level in adipose tissue of obese mice. Mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (Idh2) mRNA level was also elevated by melatonin in adipocytes leading to increase αKG level. Further analysis revealed αKG was the target for melatonin inhibition of adipose inflammation. Moreover, sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) physically interacted with IDH2 and formed a complex to increase the circadian amplitude of Idh2 and αKG content in melatonin-inhibited adipose inflammation. Notably, melatonin promoted exosomes secretion from adipocyte and increased adipose-derived exosomal αKG level. Our results also confirmed that melatonin alleviated adipocyte inflammation and increased ratio of M2 to M1 macrophages by transporting of exosomal αKG to macrophages and promoting TET-mediated DNA demethylation. Furthermore, exosomal αKG attenuated signal transducers and activators of transduction-3 (STAT3)/NF-κB signal by its receptor oxoglutarate receptor 1 (OXGR1) in adipocytes. Melatonin also attenuated adipose inflammation and deceased macrophage number in chronic jet-lag mice. In summary, our results demonstrate melatonin alleviates metabolic inflammation by increasing cellular and exosomal αKG level in adipose tissue. Our data reveal a novel function of melatonin on adipocytes and macrophages communication, suggesting a new potential therapy for melatonin to prevent and treat obesity caused systemic inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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30
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Cardinali DP, Vigo DE. Melatonin, mitochondria, and the metabolic syndrome. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3941-3954. [PMID: 28819865 PMCID: PMC11107716 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A number of risk factors for cardiovascular disease including hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and elevated blood pressure are collectively known as metabolic syndrome (MS). Since mitochondrial activity is modulated by the availability of energy in cells, the disruption of key regulators of metabolism in MS not only affects the activity of mitochondria but also their dynamics and turnover. Therefore, a link of MS with mitochondrial dysfunction has been suspected since long. As a chronobiotic/cytoprotective agent, melatonin has a special place in prevention and treatment of MS. Melatonin levels are reduced in diseases associated with insulin resistance like MS. Melatonin improves sleep efficiency and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, partly for its role as a metabolic regulator and mitochondrial protector. We discuss in the present review the several cytoprotective melatonin actions that attenuate inflammatory responses in MS. The clinical data that support the potential therapeutical value of melatonin in human MS are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Cardinali
- BIOMED-UCA-CONICET and Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1500, 4o piso, 1107, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Daniel E Vigo
- BIOMED-UCA-CONICET and Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1500, 4o piso, 1107, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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31
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Zhou J, Wang D, Luo X, Jia X, Li M, Laudon M, Zhang R, Jia Z. Melatonin Receptor Agonist Piromelatine Ameliorates Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Chronically Stressed Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:55-69. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.243998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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32
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Zhu C, Xu Y, Duan Y, Li W, Zhang L, Huang Y, Zhao W, Wang Y, Li J, Feng T, Li X, Hu X, Yin W. Exogenous melatonin in the treatment of pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:100582-100592. [PMID: 29246003 PMCID: PMC5725045 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an important hormone for regulating mammalian circadian biology and cellular homeostasis. Recent evidence has shown that melatonin exerts anti-nociception effects in both animals and humans. However, according to clinical trials, the anti-nociception effects of melatonin are still controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the anti-nociception effects of melatonin premedication. The primary outcome was the effects of melatonin on pain intensity. The secondary outcomes included the number of patients with analgesic requirements, total analgesic consumption, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. In total, 19 studies were included in the current meta-analysis. The pooling data show that melatonin significantly decreased the pain intensity, as evidenced by the pain scores. Moreover, melatonin administration also reduced the proportion of patients with analgesic requirements and BDNF levels. However, the effects of melatonin on total analgesic consumption still require further confirmation. Collectively, the current meta-analysis supports the use of melatonin for anti-nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojuan Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.,Department of Nursing, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yunyun Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yonghong Duan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ting Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Faculty of Nursing, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xuehui Hu
- Department of Nursing, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.,Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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34
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Song J, Whitcomb DJ, Kim BC. The role of melatonin in the onset and progression of type 3 diabetes. Mol Brain 2017; 10:35. [PMID: 28764741 PMCID: PMC5539639 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-017-0315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is defined by the excessive accumulation of toxic peptides, such as beta amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). The risk factors associated with AD include genetic mutations, aging, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. To date, several studies that have demonstrated an association between AD and diabetes have revealed that the common risk factors include insulin resistance, sleep disturbances, blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and altered glucose homeostasis. Many researchers have discovered that there are mechanisms common to both diabetes and AD. AD that results from insulin resistance in the brain is termed “type 3 diabetes”. Melatonin synthesized by the pineal gland is known to contribute to circadian rhythms, insulin resistance, protection of the BBB, and cell survival mechanisms. Here, we review the relationship between melatonin and type 3 diabetes, and suggest that melatonin might regulate the risk factors for type 3 diabetes. We suggest that melatonin is crucial for attenuating the onset of type 3 diabetes by intervening in Aβ accumulation, insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, and BBB permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Daniel J Whitcomb
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Healthy Sciences, University of Bristol, Whitson street, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.
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35
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Liu Z, Gan L, Xu Y, Luo D, Ren Q, Wu S, Sun C. Melatonin alleviates inflammasome-induced pyroptosis through inhibiting NF-κB/GSDMD signal in mice adipose tissue. J Pineal Res 2017; 63. [PMID: 28398673 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a proinflammatory form of cell death that is associated with pathogenesis of many chronic inflammatory diseases. Melatonin is substantially reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting inflammasome activation. However, the effects of melatonin on inflammasome-induced pyroptosis in adipocytes remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated that melatonin alleviated lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome formation in mice adipose tissue. The NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis was also inhibited by melatonin in adipocytes. Further analysis revealed that gasdermin D (GSDMD), the key executioner of pyroptosis, was the target for melatonin inhibition of adipocyte pyroptosis. Importantly, we determined that nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signal was required for the GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in adipocytes. We also confirmed that melatonin alleviated adipocyte pyroptosis by transcriptional suppression of GSDMD. Moreover, GSDMD physically interacted with interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) and subsequently formed a complex to promote adipocyte pyroptosis. Melatonin also attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis, which was induced by LPS or obesity. In summary, our results demonstrate that melatonin alleviates inflammasome-induced pyroptosis by blocking NF-κB/GSDMD signal in mice adipose tissue. Our data reveal a novel function of melatonin on adipocyte pyroptosis, suggesting a new potential therapy for melatonin to prevent and treat obesity caused systemic inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Gan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yatao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Song Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Xu P, Wang J, Hong F, Wang S, Jin X, Xue T, Jia L, Zhai Y. Melatonin prevents obesity through modulation of gut microbiota in mice. J Pineal Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 28199741 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Excess weight and obesity are severe public health threats worldwide. Recent evidence demonstrates that gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to obesity and its comorbidities. The body weight-reducing and energy balancing effects of melatonin have been reported in several studies, but to date, no investigations toward examining whether the beneficial effects of melatonin are associated with gut microbiota have been carried out. In this study, we show that melatonin reduces body weight, liver steatosis, and low-grade inflammation as well as improving insulin resistance in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. High-throughput pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA demonstrated that melatonin treatment significantly changed the composition of the gut microbiota in mice fed an HFD. The richness and diversity of gut microbiota were notably decreased by melatonin. HFD feeding altered 69 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) compare with a normal chow diet (NCD) group, and melatonin supplementation reversed 14 OTUs to the same configuration than those present in the NCD group, thereby impacting various functions, in particular through its ability to decrease the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio and increase the abundance of mucin-degrading bacteria Akkermansia, which is associated with healthy mucosa. Taken together, our results suggest that melatonin may be used as a probiotic agent to reverse HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and help us to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms governing the various melatonin beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Hong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonggong Zhai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Faria JDA, de Araújo TMF, Razolli DS, Ignácio-Souza LM, Souza DN, Bordin S, Anhê GF. Metabolic Impact of Light Phase-Restricted Fructose Consumption Is Linked to Changes in Hypothalamic AMPK Phosphorylation and Melatonin Production in Rats. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9040332. [PMID: 28346369 PMCID: PMC5409671 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that the metabolic effects of fructose may vary depending on the phase of its consumption along with the light/dark cycle. Here, we investigated the metabolic outcomes of fructose consumption by rats during either the light (LPF) or the dark (DPF) phases of the light/dark cycle. This experimental approach was combined with other interventions, including restriction of chow availability to the dark phase, melatonin administration or intracerebroventricular inhibition of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) with Compound C. LPF, but not DPF rats, exhibited increased hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation, glucose intolerance, reduced urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-S-Mel) (a metabolite of melatonin) and increased corticosterone levels. LPF, but not DPF rats, also exhibited increased chow ingestion during the light phase. The mentioned changes were blunted by Compound C. LPF rats subjected to dark phase-restricted feeding still exhibited increased hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation but failed to develop the endocrine and metabolic changes. Moreover, melatonin administration to LPF rats reduced corticosterone and prevented glucose intolerance. Altogether, the present data suggests that consumption of fructose during the light phase results in out-of-phase feeding due to increased hypothalamic AMPK phosphorylation. This shift in spontaneous chow ingestion is responsible for the reduction of 6-S-Mel and glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana de Almeida Faria
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, #105 Alexander Fleming St., Campinas SP 13092-140, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Matos F de Araújo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Carl von Linnaeus St., Campinas SP 13083-864, Brazil.
| | - Daniela S Razolli
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Carl von Linnaeus St., Campinas SP 13083-864, Brazil.
| | | | - Dailson Nogueira Souza
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, #105 Alexander Fleming St., Campinas SP 13092-140, Brazil.
| | - Silvana Bordin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo SP 05508-900, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Forato Anhê
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, #105 Alexander Fleming St., Campinas SP 13092-140, Brazil.
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Hardeland R. Melatonin and the pathologies of weakened or dysregulated circadian oscillators. J Pineal Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 27763686 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic aspects of melatonin's actions merit increasing future attention. This concerns particularly entirely different effects in senescent, weakened oscillators and in dysregulated oscillators of cancer cells that may be epigenetically blocked. This is especially obvious in the case of sirtuin 1, which is upregulated by melatonin in aged tissues, but strongly downregulated in several cancer cells. These findings are not at all controversial, but are explained on the basis of divergent changes in weakened and dysregulated oscillators. Similar findings can be expected to occur in other accessory oscillator components that are modulated by melatonin, among them several transcription factors and metabolic sensors. Another cause of opposite effects concerns differences between nocturnally active laboratory rodents and the diurnally active human. This should be more thoroughly considered in the field of metabolic syndrome and related pathologies, especially with regard to type 2 diabetes and other aspects of insulin resistance. Melatonin was reported to impair glucose tolerance in humans, especially in carriers of the risk allele of the MT2 receptor gene, MTNR1B, that contains the SNP rs10830963. These findings contrast with numerous reports on improvements of glucose tolerance in preclinical studies. However, the relationship between melatonin and insulin may be more complex, as indicated by loss-of-function mutants of the MT2 receptor that are also prodiabetic, by the age-dependent time course of risk allele overexpression, by progressive reduction in circadian amplitudes and melatonin secretion, which are aggravated in diabetes. By supporting high-amplitude rhythms, melatonin may be beneficial in preventing or delaying diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Hardeland
- Johann Friedrich Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Kalmykova O, Pustovalov A, Vareniuk I, Dzerzhynsky M. Effect of melatonin different time administration on the development of diet-induced obesity in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.17721/2616_6410.2017.23.20-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In recent years much attention has been paid for study of the melatonin use possibilities for improving obesity comorbidities. The aim of our study was to determine the influence of melatonin different time treatment on body weight changes of dietinduced obesity in rats. The administration by gavage of melatonin in dose 30 mg/kg for 7 weeks had the potential to decrease visceral fat weight, Lee index (both after morning and evening treatment) and body weight gain rate (only after evening dose).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - I. Vareniuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
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Hu W, Ma Z, Di S, Jiang S, Li Y, Fan C, Yang Y, Wang D. Snapshot: implications for melatonin in endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:3431-3442. [PMID: 27759160 PMCID: PMC5120159 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important intracellular membranous organelle. Previous studies have demonstrated that the ER is responsible for protein folding and trafficking, lipid synthesis and the maintenance of calcium homeostasis. Interestingly, the morphology and structure of the ER were recently found to be important. Melatonin is a hormone that anticipates the daily onset of darkness in mammals, and it is well known that melatonin acts as an antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the body. Notably, the existing evidence demonstrates that melatonin is involved in ER homeostasis, particularly in the morphology of the ER, indicating a potential protective role of melatonin. This review discusses the existing knowledge regarding the implications for the involvement of melatonin in ER homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryTangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shouyin Di
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryTangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace MedicineThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Chongxi Fan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryTangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryAffiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
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41
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Agorastos A, Linthorst ACE. Potential pleiotropic beneficial effects of adjuvant melatonergic treatment in posttraumatic stress disorder. J Pineal Res 2016; 61:3-26. [PMID: 27061919 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Loss of circadian rhythmicity fundamentally affects the neuroendocrine, immune, and autonomic system, similar to chronic stress and may play a central role in the development of stress-related disorders. Recent articles have focused on the role of sleep and circadian disruption in the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suggesting that chronodisruption plays a causal role in PTSD development. Direct and indirect human and animal PTSD research suggests circadian system-linked neuroendocrine, immune, metabolic and autonomic dysregulation, linking circadian misalignment to PTSD pathophysiology. Recent experimental findings also support a specific role of the fundamental synchronizing pineal hormone melatonin in mechanisms of sleep, cognition and memory, metabolism, pain, neuroimmunomodulation, stress endocrinology and physiology, circadian gene expression, oxidative stress and epigenetics, all processes affected in PTSD. In the current paper, we review available literature underpinning a potentially beneficiary role of an add-on melatonergic treatment in PTSD pathophysiology and PTSD-related symptoms. The literature is presented as a narrative review, providing an overview on the most important and clinically relevant publications. We conclude that adjuvant melatonergic treatment could provide a potentially promising treatment strategy in the management of PTSD and especially PTSD-related syndromes and comorbidities. Rigorous preclinical and clinical studies are needed to validate this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agorastos Agorastos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Astrid C E Linthorst
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Neurobiology of Stress and Behaviour Research Group, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Escudero-López B, Fernández-Pachón M, Herrero-Martín G, Ortega Á, Cerrillo I, Martín F, Berná G. Orange beverage ameliorates high-fat-diet-induced metabolic disorder in mice. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Hu W, Ma Z, Jiang S, Fan C, Deng C, Yan X, Di S, Lv J, Reiter RJ, Yang Y. Melatonin: the dawning of a treatment for fibrosis? J Pineal Res 2016; 60:121-31. [PMID: 26680689 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common occurrence following organ injury and failure. To date, there is no effective treatment for this condition. Melatonin targets numerous molecular pathways, a consequence of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions that reduce excessive fibrosis. Herein, we review the multiple protective effects of melatonin against fibrosis. There exist four major phases of the fibrogenic response including primary injury to the organ, activation of effector cells, the elaboration of extracellular matrix (ECM) and dynamic deposition. Melatonin regulates each of these phases. Additionally, melatonin reduces fibrosis levels in numerous organs. Melatonin exhibits its anti-fibrosis effects in heart, liver, lung, kidney, and other organs. In addition, adhesions which occur following surgical procedures are also inhibited by melatonin. The information reviewed here should be significant to understanding the protective role of melatonin against fibrosis, contribute to the design of further experimental studies related to melatonin and the fibrotic response and shed light on a potential treatment for fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of General Surgery, Beidaihe Sanatorium, Beijing Military Area Command, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chongxi Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shouyin Di
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianjun Lv
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of General Surgery, Beidaihe Sanatorium, Beijing Military Area Command, Qinhuangdao, China
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Leibowitz A, Volkov A, Voloshin K, Shemesh C, Barshack I, Grossman E. Melatonin prevents kidney injury in a high salt diet-induced hypertension model by decreasing oxidative stress. J Pineal Res 2016; 60:48-54. [PMID: 26465239 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, a potent antioxidant molecule, plays a role in blood pressure regulation. We hypothesized that melatonin may generate a protective effect in a high salt diet (HSD) rodent model mediated by decreasing renal oxidative stress. Dahl salt-sensitive rats were divided into three groups according to diet: normal chow (control); HSD; HSD with melatonin [30/mg/kg/day]) placed in their water (HSD + Mel) over an 8-wk period. Blood pressure was measured by the tail cuff method. Kidney injury was evaluated by 24 H urine protein excretion. Glomerular injury index (GII) (fibrotic glomeruli/100 glomeruli) was evaluated from a Masson's trichrome-stained section. Kidney oxidative stress was determined by superoxide production via dihydroethidium staining. Expression of oxidative stress-related genes was measured by reverse transcriptase-qPCR. Melatonin had no effect on blood pressure increase induced by HSD and attenuated proteinuria induced by HSD (HSD--50.7 ± 12, HSD + Mel--22.3 ± 4.3, controls--6.5 ± 1.0 gram protein/gram creatinine, P < 0.001). HSD-induced glomerular damage was significantly diminished by melatonin (GII in HSD--24 ± 6, HSD + Mel--3.6 ± 0.8, controls--0.8 ± 0.5, P < 0.05). Superoxide production was significantly higher in kidneys of HSD fed rats than the controls (99 ± 9 versus 60 ± 7 relative fluorescent units (RFU)/μm(2), respectively, P < 0.05). Melatonin also decreased superoxide production (74 ± 5 RFU/μm(2), P < 0.05). The expression of kidney inducible nitric oxide synthase and p67(phox) mRNA was significantly higher in HSD than in the controls and HSD + Mel rats. Treatment with melatonin eliminated the deleterious effect of HSD in the kidneys of Dahl salt-sensitive rats. The beneficial effect of melatonin is not mediated by lowering blood pressure but by a direct antioxidative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avshalom Leibowitz
- Internal Medicine D, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Hypertension Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Alexander Volkov
- Institute of Pathology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Chen Shemesh
- Hypertension Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Iris Barshack
- Institute of Pathology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ehud Grossman
- Internal Medicine D, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Hypertension Unit, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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Effect of Melatonin Intake on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Male Reproductive Organs of Rats under Experimental Diabetes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:614579. [PMID: 26064423 PMCID: PMC4438187 DOI: 10.1155/2015/614579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidant system response of male reproductive organs during early and late phases of diabetes and the influence of melatonin treatment. Melatonin was administered to five-week-old Wistar rats throughout the experiment, in drinking water (10 μg/kg b.w). Diabetes was induced at 13 weeks of age by streptozotocin (4.5 mg/100 g b.w., i.p.) and animals were euthanized with 14 or 21 weeks old. Activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and lipid peroxidation were evaluated in prostate, testis, and epididymis. The enzymes activities and lipid peroxidation were not affected in testis and epididymis after one or eight weeks of diabetes. Prostate exhibited a 3-fold increase in GPx activity at short-term diabetes and at long-term diabetes there were 2- and 3-fold increase in CAT and GST, respectively (p ≤ 0.01). Melatonin treatment to healthy rats caused a 47% increase in epididymal GPx activity in 14-week-old rats. In prostate, melatonin administration normalized GST activity at both ages and mitigated GPx at short-term and CAT at long-term diabetes. The testis and epididymis were less affected by diabetes than prostate. Furthermore, melatonin normalized the enzymatic disorders in prostate demonstrating its effective antioxidant role, even at low dosages.
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Hardeland R, Cardinali DP, Brown GM, Pandi-Perumal SR. Melatonin and brain inflammaging. Prog Neurobiol 2015; 127-128:46-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Obayashi K, Saeki K, Kurumatani N. Higher melatonin secretion is associated with lower leukocyte and platelet counts in the general elderly population: the HEIJO-KYO cohort. J Pineal Res 2015; 58:227-33. [PMID: 25612158 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Circulating white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts are widely available and inexpensive cellular biomarkers of systemic inflammation and have been associated with a risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality. Melatonin may reduce systemic inflammation through its direct and indirect antioxidative effect; however, the associations of melatonin secretion with systemic inflammation remain unclear. In this cross-sectional study on 1088 elderly individuals (mean age, 71.8 years), we measured overnight urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin excretion (UME) and WBC and PLT counts as indices of melatonin secretion and systemic inflammation, respectively. UME was naturally log-transformed for linear regression models because of skewed distribution (median, 6.8 μg; interquartile range, 4.1-10.6 μg). Univariate models revealed that higher log-transformed UME levels were significantly associated with lower WBC and PLT counts (P = 0.046 and 0.018). After adjusting for potential confounding factors significantly associated with WBC or PLT counts, higher log-transformed UME levels were significantly associated with lower WBC and PLT counts (WBC: β, -0.143; 95% confidence interval, -0.267 to -0.020; P = 0.023; PLT: β, -6.786; 95% confidence interval, -12.047 to -1.525; P = 0.012). Furthermore, the adjusted mean differences in WBC and PLT counts between the lowest and highest UME tertile groups were 0.225 × 10(9) /L and 9.480 × 10(9) /L, respectively. In conclusion, melatonin secretion was significantly and inversely associated with WBC and PLT counts in the general elderly population. The associations were independent of several major causes of systemic inflammation, including aging, obesity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Obayashi
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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