1
|
Li Y, Cheng L, Li M. Effects of Green Tea Extract Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Oral Diseases: A Narrative Review. Pathogens 2024; 13:634. [PMID: 39204235 PMCID: PMC11357325 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral diseases are among the most prevalent diseases globally. Accumulating new evidence suggests considerable benefits of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) for oral health. This review aims to explore the role and application of EGCG in main oral diseases. METHODS This narrative review thoroughly examines and summarizes the most recent literature available in scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) reporting advances in the role and application of EGCG within the dental field. The major keywords used included "EGCG", "green tea extract", "oral health", "caries", "pulpitis", "periapical disease", "periodontal disease", "oral mucosa", "salivary gland", and "oral cancer". CONCLUSIONS EGCG prevents and manages various oral diseases through its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. Compared to traditional treatments, EGCG generally exhibits lower tissue irritation and positive synergistic effects when combined with other therapies. Novel delivery systems or chemical modifications can significantly enhance EGCG's bioavailability, prolong its action, and reduce toxicity, which are current hotspots in developing new materials. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE this review provides an exhaustive overview of the biological activities of EGCG to major oral diseases, alongside an exploration of applications and limitations, which serves as a reference for preventing and managing oral ailments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Mingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hikmah N, Hidayat M, Permatasari N, Aulanni'am A, Rudijanto A. The effect of cacao bean extracts on the prevention of periodontal tissue breakdown in diabetic rats with orthodontic tooth movements. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2024; 14:384-389. [PMID: 38832299 PMCID: PMC11144750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Proper management of orthodontic treatment in diabetic patients is essential due to the heightened risk of periodontal tissue breakdown associated with hyperglycemia. Cacao bean extracts (CBE) are known to reduce the inflammatory response and increase synthesis and angiogenesis in periodontitis. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of CBE on preventing periodontal tissue breakdown in diabetes with orthodontic force. Methods A total of 25 Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups, including non-diabetes, diabetes, diabetes cacao 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW. Diabetic rats were induced with the stratified dose of Streptozotocin, and a 30-g-force from orthodontic device was applied in all groups. Diabetes cacao group was given CBE for 7 days using a gastric probe. GCF samples were used to analyze the eNOS level through the ELISA method. NFκB, Collagen-1, and FGF-2 expression were then assessed using the immunohistochemical method, while the number of fibroblasts and blood vessels was observed using hematoxylin-eosin stained tissue. The data obtained were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and post hoc tests, with p < 0.05. Results CBE at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW significantly increased eNOS level, Collagen-1, and FGF-2 expression, and the number of fibroblasts and blood vessels in diabetes groups. Meanwhile, the treatment decreased NFκB expression in diabetes groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study proved that CBE increased periodontal ligament synthesis and angiogenesis and decreased inflammatory response, thereby preventing periodontal tissue breakdown in diabetic rat models with tooth movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuzulul Hikmah
- Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
- Department of Dentistry-Biomedical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia
| | - Mohamad Hidayat
- Department of Orthopaedic, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Nur Permatasari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Aulanni'am Aulanni'am
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Achmad Rudijanto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Feng Q, Zhang M, Zhang G, Mei H, Su C, Liu L, Wang X, Wan Z, Xu Z, Hu L, Nie Y, Li J. A whole-course-repair system based on ROS/glucose stimuli-responsive EGCG release and tunable mechanical property for efficient treatment of chronic periodontitis in diabetic rats. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3719-3740. [PMID: 38529844 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02898d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Elevated glucose levels, multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines and the generation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) are pivotal characteristics within the microenvironments of chronic periodontitis with diabetes mellitus (CPDM). Control of inflammation and modulation of immune system are required in the initial phase of CPDM treatment, while late severe periodontitis requires a suitable scaffold to promote osteogenesis, rebuild periodontal tissue and reduce alveolar bone resorption. Herein, a whole-course-repair system is introduced by an injectable hydrogel using phenylboronic acid functionalized oxidized sodium alginate (OSA-PBA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC). Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was loaded to simultaneously adjust the mechanical property of the OSA-PBA/CMC + EGCG hydrogel (OPCE). This hydrogel has distinctive adaptability, injectability, and ROS/glucose-triggered release of EGCG, making it an ideal drug delivery carrier. As expected, OPCE hydrogel shows favourable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, along with a regulatory influence on the phenotypic transition of macrophages, providing a favourable immune microenvironment. Apart from that, it provides a favourable mechanical support for osteoblast/osteoclast differentiation regulation at the late proliferation stage of periodontal regeneration. The practical therapeutic effects of OPCE hydrogels were also confirmed when applied for treating periodontitis in diabetic rats. In summary, OPCE hydrogel may be a promising whole-course-repair system for the treatment of CPDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingchen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, no. 14, 3rd section, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, no. 14, 3rd section, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Guanning Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongxiang Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, no. 14, 3rd section, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chongying Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, no. 14, 3rd section, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Lisa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, no. 14, 3rd section, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, no. 14, 3rd section, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ziqianhong Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, no. 14, 3rd section, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, no. 14, 3rd section, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Liangkui Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yu Nie
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, no. 14, 3rd section, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Y, Yin T, He M, Fang C, Peng S. The relationship of dietary flavonoids and periodontitis in US population: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:168. [PMID: 38396151 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between dietary flavonoids intake and periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010 on 3025 participants aged between 30 and 80 years who had full-mouth periodontal examination and dietary flavonoids intake data. This study used periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) as periodontitis markers. Data were analyzed using multivariate linear regression. RESULTS After adjusting confounders, the middle tertile of total dietary flavonoids was associated with decreased mean PPD (0.06 mm, P = 0.016) and mean CAL (0.13 mm, P = 0.001) and the top tertile of total dietary flavonoids was significantly associated with decreases in mean PPD (0.05 mm, P = 0.029) and mean CAL (0.11 mm, P = 0.010). Both the middle and top tertiles of total flavonoids intake were significantly related with decreased mean CAL in females, those flossing 0 days/week, overweight and non-diabetic population but not in males, smokers, those flossing 1-6 days/week and diabetic population. Higher anthocyanidins, flavones and flavonols intake was significantly associated with decreased mean PPD and mean CAL while higher flavanones intake was only significantly associated with decreased mean CAL. Higher anthocyanidins intake was particularly related with greatest decreases in mean CAL (top tertile: 0.22 mm, middle tertile: 0.17 mm, both P < 0.010). However, no significant associations were found between isoflavones and flavan_3_ols intake and mean CAL. CONCLUSIONS Higher dietary flavonoids intake may be beneficial for periodontal health. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Additional anthocyanidins, flavanones, flavones and flavonols intake was associated with improved periodontal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yundong Liu
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
| | - Tao Yin
- Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan, 410605, P.R. China
| | - Mi He
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Changyun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shifang Peng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun M, Ji Y, Zhou S, Chen R, Yao H, Du M. Ginsenoside Rb3 inhibits osteoclastogenesis via ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3460-3471. [PMID: 35976062 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to determine the anti-osteoclastogenic potential of ginsenoside Rb3 for the treatment of periodontitis. METHODS The anti-osteoclastogenic effect was determined using RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages followed by TRAP and phalloidin staining. Expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes and proteins were examined by qPCR and WB. Activation of signaling pathways was detected by WB and IHC techniques. Experimental periodontitis rat model was built up by gingival injections of P. gingivalis LPS. After 21 days of Rb3 treatment, rats were sacrificed for micro-CT, IHC, H&E, and TRAP staining analyses. RESULTS Rb3 dramatically inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Nfatc1, Mmp9, Ctsk, Acp5 mRNA, and MMP9, CTSK proteins were dose-dependently downregulated by Rb3 pretreatment. WB results revealed that Rb3 suppressed activations of p38 MAPK, ERK, and p65 NF-κB, and the inhibition of ERK was most pronounced. Consistently, IHC analysis revealed that p-ERK was highly expressed in alveolar bone surface, blood vessels, odontoblasts, and gingival epithelia, which were notably suppressed by Rb3 treatment. H&E staining and micro-CT analyses showed that Rb3 significantly attenuated gingivitis and alveolar bone resorption in rats. CONCLUSION Rb3 inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and attenuates P. gingivalis LPS-induced gingivitis and alveolar bone resorption in rats via ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yaoting Ji
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhui Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rourong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hantao Yao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Minquan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Engineering Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fan Q, Zhou XH, Wang TF, Zeng FJ, Liu X, Gu Y, Chen B, Yang J, Pang ZY, Liu JG, Bai GH. Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on oxidative stress, inflammation, and bone loss in a rat periodontitis model. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:1567-1575. [PMID: 37799898 PMCID: PMC10548010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is playing an increasingly important role in the treatment of oral diseases. However, its mechanisms remain to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate the effect of EGCG on oxidative and inflammatory stress and bone loss in experimental periodontitis. Materials and methods Periodontitis was induced in rats, followed by gavage using different concentrations of EGCG for 5 weeks. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rats were measured. The degree of alveolar bone loss and the number of inflammatory cells were detected. The integrated optical density of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NLR pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) and nuclear factor-kappaB p65 (NF-κB p65) was measured. Results EGCG (200 mg/kg) significantly reduced alveolar bone loss in the ligated maxillary molars and the number of inflammatory cells in the EGCG-200 group compared with the periodontitis, EGCG-100 and EGCG-400 groups. 200 mg/kg was the optimal dose of EGCG and was used in subsequent experiments. The expression levels of IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α and MDA were significantly lower and the expression level of SOD was significantly higher in the EGCG-200 group compared with the periodontitis group. The expression of NLRP3 and NF-κB p65 was significantly decreased, while the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was significantly increased in the EGCG-200 group compared with the periodontitis group. Conclusion These results suggest that EGCG inhibits oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the periodontitis model by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway, thereby decreasing alveolar bone loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fan
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhou
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Teng-Fei Wang
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng-Jiao Zeng
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zi-Yi Pang
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jian-Guo Liu
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guo-Hui Bai
- Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zou JH, Chen F, Li YL, Chen H, Sun TK, Du SM, Zhang J. Effects of green tea extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 150:105691. [PMID: 37043987 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of EGCG on tooth movement and root resorption during orthodontic treatment in rats. METHODS A total of thirty six male Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups: control, 50 mg/kg EGCG, and 100 mg/kg EGCG. During the experiment, the subjects were submitted to an orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) model, rats in the experimental groups were given the corresponding dose of EGCG, while rats in the control group were administrated with an equal volume of normal saline solution by gavage. After 14 days of OTM, the rats were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion. Micro-CT of rat maxillaes was taken to analyze OTM distance and root resorption. The maxillary samples were prepared as histological sections for H&E staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to be observed and analyzed. RESULTS The OTM distance and root resorption of rats in the dosed group decreased, and the number of TRAP positive cells in their periodontium decreased significantly. The expression level of RANKL was decreased in the EGCG group compared to the control group, while that of OPG, OCN and Runx2 was increased. Effects were more pronounced in 100 mg/kg group than in 50 mg/kg group. CONCLUSION EGCG reduces OTM and orthodontic induced root resorption (OIRR) in rats, and is able to attenuate osteoclastogenesis on the pressure side and promote osteogenesis on the tension side.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Zou
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Rizhao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Rizhao, China
| | - Yi-Lin Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Tong-Ke Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Si-Meng Du
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zeng J, Wang Y, Yuan Q, Luan Q. The effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Trials 2022; 23:368. [PMID: 35505441 PMCID: PMC9066833 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06298-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background EGCG is proven to be of good effect to relieve periodontal inflammation, but it has not been applied as a local delivery medicine in patients with periodontitis widely. The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the adjunctive effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) aqueous solution as a coolant during scaling and root planing in the management of chronic periodontitis. Methods A double-blind, randomized controlled study was performed on 15 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. The bilateral maxillary teeth were randomly divided into the test side and the control side on every individual. On the control side, the periodontal therapy was routinely performed. And on the test side, in the process of periodontal therapy, the distilled water in the ultrasonic scaler was replaced with a 5-mg/mL EGCG solution. The probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding index (BI), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded at baseline and 6 and 12 weeks after the treatment. Results PPD, CAL, BI, GI, and PI generally improved after treatment in both groups. At the sixth week and the twelfth week of review, PPD, CAL, GI, and PI had no statistical difference (p >0.05) between the two groups. At the review of the twelfth week, BI on the test side decreased significantly (p <0.05). Conclusions Using EGCG solution as the irrigant instead of water has an additional benefit on the bleeding index at the 12-week review. However, the rest clinical parameters had no additional benefit. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ChiCTR2000029831, date of registration: Feb 15, 2020. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06298-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Zeng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Yuan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of Mangosteen and Propolis Extracted Complex in Patients with Gingivitis: A Multi-Centered Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082604. [PMID: 34444764 PMCID: PMC8400303 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mangosteen and propolis extracts (MAEC) have been potential therapeutic agents known to exhibit powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of MAEC as well as safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) on gingivitis and incipient periodontitis. Methods: This study was performed on 104 patients diagnosed with gingivitis or incipient periodontitis. At baseline, the participants were randomly allocated to either the test group, with daily intake of a single capsule containing 194 mg of MAEC for eight weeks, or control group, with placebo. Clinical periodontal evaluation and immunological parameters from saliva and gingival sulcular fluid were assessed at baseline, four, and eight weeks. Individual PROMs were assessed by OHIP-14 questionnaires. Results: There was a significant difference of modified gingival index at four and eight weeks between the test and control groups. In the test group, crevicular interleukin (IL)-6 was reduced, and the salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 was increased after eight weeks. PROMs were improved up to four weeks compared to placebo. Conclusion: Oral administration of MAEC would have a potential to reduce gingival inflammation clinically and immunologically in the patients with gingivitis and incipient periodontitis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Nawrot-Hadzik I, Matkowski A, Kubasiewicz-Ross P, Hadzik J. Proanthocyanidins and Flavan-3-ols in the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontitis-Immunomodulatory Effects, Animal and Clinical Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010239. [PMID: 33467650 PMCID: PMC7830097 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper continues the systematic review on proanthocyanidins and flavan-3-ols in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease and covers the immunomodulatory effects, and animal- and clinical studies, while the other part discussed the direct antibacterial properties. Inflammation as a major response of the periodontal tissues attacked by pathogenic microbes can significantly exacerbate the condition. However, the bidirectional activity of phytochemicals that simultaneously inhibit bacterial proliferation and proinflammatory signaling can provide a substantial alleviation of both cause and symptoms. The modulatory effects on various aspects of inflammatory and overall immune response are covered, including confirmed and postulated mechanisms of action, structure activity relationships and molecular targets. Further, the clinical relevance of flavan-3-ols and available outcomes from clinical studies is analyzed and discussed. Among the numerous natural sources of flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins the most promising are, similarly to antibacterial properties, constituents of various foods, such as fruits of Vaccinium species, tea leaves, grape seeds, and tannin-rich medicinal herbs. Despite a vast amount of in vitro and cell-based evidence of immunomodulatory there are still only a few animal and clinical studies. Most of the reports, regardless of the used model, indicated the efficiency of these phytochemicals from cranberries and other Vaccinium species and tea extracts (green or black). Other sources such as grape seeds and traditional medicinal plants, were seldom. In conclusion, the potential of flavan-3-ols and their derivatives in prevention and alleviation of periodontal disease is remarkable but clinical evidence is urgently needed for issuing credible dietary recommendation and complementary treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Nawrot-Hadzik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, 50556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Paweł Kubasiewicz-Ross
- Department of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50425 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.K.-R.); (J.H.)
| | - Jakub Hadzik
- Department of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50425 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.K.-R.); (J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liao S, Tang Y, Chu C, Lu W, Baligen B, Man Y, Qu Y. Application of green tea extracts epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate in dental materials: Recent progress and perspectives. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:2395-2408. [PMID: 32379385 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Liao
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yu Tang
- Stomatology College & the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan China
| | - Chenyu Chu
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Weitong Lu
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Bolatihan Baligen
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yi Man
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Yili Qu
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Drinking green tea alleviates alveolar bone resorption in ligature-induced periodontitis in mice. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:162-168. [PMID: 32437962 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been reported that green tea exerts antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of drinking green tea on bone resorption in ligature-induced periodontitis in mice. METHODS Sixty C57BL/6 eight-week-old male mice were used. To induce periodontitis, a ligature was placed for 7 days around the upper left second maxillary molar. After ligature removal, the animals were administered different concentrations of green tea (1.5 g/60 mL, 3 g/60 mL, or 6 g/60 mL) or distilled water. At 1 and 2 weeks of administration, the animals were sacrificed and micro-CT images of the maxillae were taken. Next, the depth and area of alveolar bone loss in the buccal and palatal sides were measured. The number of inflammatory cells and osteoclasts in histological sections were counted. RESULTS The result showed ligature-induced alveolar bone loss. Green tea inhibited ligature-induced bone loss in the buccal side in a dose-dependent manner. Histologically, ligature increased the number of inflammatory cells and osteoclasts, but this effect was alleviated by green tea. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from this animal experiment suggested that drinking green tea would be potentially beneficial to reduce alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis.
Collapse
|
13
|
Li H, Chen Z, Zhong X, Li J, Li W. Mangiferin alleviates experimental peri-implantitis via suppressing interleukin-6 production and Toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:325. [PMID: 31623650 PMCID: PMC6798411 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TLR2 (Toll-like receptor 2) signaling and its downstream proinflammatory cytokines are considered to be important in the progression of peri-implantitis. A natural medicine, mangiferin has exhibited modulatory effect on TLR2 signaling and anti-inflammatory effects on different diseases. The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of mangiferin on peri-implantitis and the potential mechanisms by administering this drug to an experimental peri-implantitis mouse model. METHODS Maxillary left first, second, and third molars of mice were extracted, and dental implants were placed in the region of the maxillary left second molars. Then, peri-implantitis was induced by tying ligatures around implants, and mangiferin was given orally to the mice. After 6-week mangiferin treatment, bone loss around the implants was detected using micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT). Alveolar bone and inflammatory infiltrate in peri-implant tissues were examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Production of interleukin-6 (IL6), a TLR2 downstream proinflammatory cytokine, in the tissue surrounding implants was measured using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. IL6 protein expression and TLR2 signaling pathway activation in peri-implant tissues were detected using western blot analysis. RESULTS Micro-CT demonstrated reduced bone loss in peri-implantitis upon mangiferin administration. Additionally, H&E staining showed more alveolar bone and less inflammatory infiltrate in peri-implant tissues after mangiferin application. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated lower levels of IL6 gene expression, and western blot analysis showed decreased protein expression of IL6 and TLR2, and suppressed phosphorylation of TLR2 downstream nuclear factor-κB, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase after mangiferin treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the suppressive effect of mangiferin on bone damage and inflammatory infiltrate in peri-implantitis. These therapeutic effects may be associated with inhibited IL6 production and reduced TLR2 signaling activation in peri-implant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, 02142, USA. .,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard University School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, 02115, USA.
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Zhong
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, 10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaquan Li
- Medical Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14 3rd Section S Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhu S, Zhu L, Yu J, Wang Y, Peng B. Anti-osteoclastogenic effect of epigallocatechin gallate-functionalized gold nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5017-5032. [PMID: 31371944 PMCID: PMC6627179 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s204628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major anti-inflammatory compound in green tea, has been shown to suppress osteoclast (OC) differentiation. However, the low aqueous solubility of EGCG always leads to poor bioavailability, adverse effects, and several drawbacks for clinical applications. Purpose: In this study, we synthesized EGCG-capped gold nanoparticles (EGCG-GNPs) to solve the drawbacks for clinical uses of EGCG in bone destruction disorders by direct reduction of HAuCl4 in EGCG aqueous solution. Methods and Results: The obtained EGCG-GNPs were negatively charged and spherical. Theoretical calculation results suggested that EGCG was released from GNPs in an acidic environment. Cellular uptake study showed an obviously large amount of intracellular EGCG-GNPs without cytotoxicity. EGCG-GNPs exhibited better effects in reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species levels than free EGCG. A more dramatic anti-osteoclastogenic effect induced by EGCG-GNPs than free EGCG was observed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bone marrow macrophages, including decreased formation of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells and actin rings. Meanwhile, EGCG-GNPs not only suppressed the mRNA expression of genetic markers of OC differentiation but also inhibited MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, we confirmed that EGCG-GNPs greatly reversed bone resorption in the LPS-induced calvarial bone erosion model in vivo, which was more effective than applying free EGCG, specifically in inhibiting the number of OCs, improving bone density, and preventing bone loss. Conclusion: EGCG-GNPs showed better anti-osteoclastogenic effect than free EGCG in vitro and in vivo, indicating their potential in anti-bone resorption treatment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Yu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Peng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Antiperiodontitis Effects of Magnolia biondii Extract on Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040934. [PMID: 31027223 PMCID: PMC6521203 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, periodontitis has become a rising health problem and caused various diseases. In the many studies shows that some extracts and compound to the prevention and treatment of periodontitis. This study focuses on the effects of inhibition of gingival damage and alveolar bone loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Magnolia biondii extract (MBE) against ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. A ligature was placed around the molar teeth for 8 weeks, and MBE was administered for 8 weeks. Gingival tissue damage and alveolar bone loss were measured by microcomputed tomography (CT) analysis and histopathological examination. Serum Interluekin-1 β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenases-2 (COX-2), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) levels were investigated using commercial kits to confirm the antiperiodontitis effects of MBE. We confirmed that ligature-induced periodontitis resulted in gingival tissue damage and alveolar bone loss. However, treatment for 8 weeks with MBE protected from periodontal tissue damage and downregulated serum inflammatory cytokine factors and RANKL levels. These results suggest that MBE exerts antiperiodontitis effects by inhibiting gingival tissue destruction and alveolar bone loss through regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines in periodontitis-induced rats.
Collapse
|
16
|
Protective Effect of UP446 on Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in Beagle Dogs. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7020033. [PMID: 30925801 PMCID: PMC6631249 DOI: 10.3390/dj7020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease of the gum caused by a formation of a plaque that triggers immune responses and inflammation leading to the destruction of tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. Chronic usage of synthetic chemicals and antibiotics is limited by undesired adverse events to the host. A botanical composition (UP446), which consists primarily of bioflavonoids such as baicalin from roots of Scutellaria baicalensis and catechins from heartwoods of Acacia catechu, was evaluated for its effect on ligature-induced periodontal disease in beagle dogs. Disease model was induced in 20 male and female dogs. After a 12-week induction of periodontitis, animals were assigned to a placebo, positive control (doxycycline), and two treatment groups consisting of five animals each. The placebo group was only administrated to normal dog chow (25 g/kg/day). In the doxycycline treatment group, animals were fed a normal diet (25 g/kg/day) and doxycycline (5 mg/kg) was orally administrated every day. Treatment of UP446 was done by feeding the regular diet formulated with 0.1% and 0.2% of UP446 by weight. Clinical indices such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment level (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BoP) were measured every two weeks for 12 weeks. UP446 administered to beagle dogs for 12 weeks at 0.1% and 0.2% resulted in statistically significant reductions in gingivitis, pocket depth, loss of attachment, and gum bleeding. UP446 could potentially be used alone or as an adjunct with other oral hygiene preparations for periodontal disease in both human and companion animals.
Collapse
|
17
|
Catanzaro DP, Mena Laura EE, Cestari TM, Arantes RVN, Garlet GP, Taga R, Assis GF. Green tea prevents vascular disturbs and attenuates periodontal breakdown in long-term hyperglycaemia in T1D rats. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:557-569. [PMID: 29500839 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM The effects of green tea on the modulation of vascularization during the progression of spontaneous periodontitis in long-term hyperglycaemia in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic (T1D) rats were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats normoglycaemic (NG) and T1D were divided into two control groups, which received water (NG-W and T1D-W) and two experimental groups that received green tea (NG-GT and T1D-GT). Periodontal structures were evaluated by microtomographic and histological analyses. Number of immunostained cells for VEGF (NcVEGF+/mm2 ) and CD31 (NcCD31+/mm2 ), as well microvessel density (MVD) in the periodontal ligament (PDL) were evaluated. RESULTS Long-term hyperglycaemia in T1D-W rats induced vascular alterations in PDL with a reduction of 36% in MVD, a decrease of 33% in NcCD31+/mm2 and an increase of 53% in NcVEGF+/mm2 . Concomitantly, a severe degree of periodontitis with higher reduction in bone volume and periodontal bone level was observed. In T1D-GT, green tea maintained the MVD, NcCD31+/mm2 and NcVEGF+/mm2 in the PDL similar to normoglycaemic groups. Clinically, in T1D-GT rats, green tea reduced dental plaque accumulation and the degree of periodontitis when compared to T1D-W. CONCLUSION Daily green tea consumption has a therapeutic effect on the diabetic vascular disorder in PDL and the progression of periodontitis in long-term hyperglycaemia in T1D rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pereira Catanzaro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ever Elias Mena Laura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tania Mary Cestari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Pompermaier Garlet
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rumio Taga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerson Francisco Assis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lagha AB, Groeger S, Meyle J, Grenier D. Green tea polyphenols enhance gingival keratinocyte integrity and protect against invasion by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Pathog Dis 2018; 76:4961135. [DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amel Ben Lagha
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, 2420 rue de la Terrasse, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sabine Groeger
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Joerg Meyle
- Department of Periodontology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Schlangenzahl 14, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, 2420 rue de la Terrasse, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tominari T, Ichimaru R, Yoshinouchi S, Matsumoto C, Watanabe K, Hirata M, Grundler FMW, Inada M, Miyaura C. Effects of O-methylated (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption, and alveolar bone loss in mice. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:1972-1981. [PMID: 29226083 PMCID: PMC5715342 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
(−)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐O‐gallate (EGCG), present in green tea, exhibits antioxidant and antiallergy effects. EGCG3″Me, a 3‐O‐methylated derivative of EGCG, has been reported to show similar biological functions; the inhibitory activity of EGCG3″Me in a mouse allergy model was more potent than that of EGCG, probably due to the efficiency of absorption from the intestine. However, the functional potency of these EGCGs is controversial in each disease model. We previously observed that EGCG suppressed inflammatory bone resorption and prevented alveolar bone loss in a mouse model of periodontosis. In this study, we examined the role of EGCG3″Me in bone resorption using a mouse model of periodontitis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced osteoclast formation was suppressed by adding EGCG3″Me to cocultures of osteoblasts and bone marrow cells, and LPS‐induced bone resorption was also inhibited by EGCG3″Me in calvarial organ cultures. EGCG3″Me acted on osteoblasts and suppressed prostaglandin E (PGE) production, which is critical for inflammatory bone resorption, by inhibiting the expression of COX‐2 and mPGES‐1, key enzymes for PGE synthesis. In osteoclast precursor macrophages, EGCG3″Me suppressed RANKL‐dependent differentiation into mature osteoclasts. In a mouse model of periodontitis, LPS‐induced bone resorption was suppressed by EGCG3″Me in organ culture of mouse alveolar bone, and the alveolar bone loss was further attenuated by the treatment of EGCG3″Me in the lower gingiva in vivo. EGCG3″Me may be a potential natural compound for the protection of inflammatory bone loss in periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Tominari
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan
| | - Ryota Ichimaru
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan
| | - Shosei Yoshinouchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan
| | - Chiho Matsumoto
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan
| | - Kenta Watanabe
- Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan
| | - Michiko Hirata
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan
| | | | - Masaki Inada
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan.,Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan
| | - Chisato Miyaura
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan.,Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Green Tea Extracts Epigallocatechin-3-gallate for Different Treatments. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5615647. [PMID: 28884125 PMCID: PMC5572593 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5615647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a component extracted from green tea, has been proved to have multiple effects on human pathological and physiological processes, and its mechanisms are discrepant in cancer, vascularity, bone regeneration, and nervous system. Although there are multiple benefits associated with EGCG, more and more challenges are still needed to get through. For example, EGCG shows low bioactivity via oral administration. This review focuses on effects of EGCG, including anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticollagenase, and antifibrosis effects, to express the potential of EGCG and necessity of further studies in this field.
Collapse
|
21
|
Biological Effects of Medicinal Plants on Induced Periodontitis: A Systematic Review. Int J Dent 2016; 2016:3719879. [PMID: 27738432 PMCID: PMC5050359 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3719879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the advances in the study of medicinal plants and their biologic effects on periodontitis in animal models. Study Design. A systematic search was conducted by three independent researchers, who screened articles published up to March/2016, to identify the studies that contained sufficient and clear information on the association of the medicinal plants and periodontitis in murine models. The searches were performed using PubMed, Cochrane, and Science Direct databases. Results. After a critical analysis of titles and abstracts, 30 studies were finally eligible for analysis. The studies presented a great diversity of the experiment designed regarding the methods of induced periodontitis and the evaluation of the medicinal plants efficacy. None of the studies described the possible toxic effects associated with the administration of the plant material to animals and whether they could prevent damage to organs caused by systemic effect of induced periodontitis. Gel-based formulations containing plant substances are seen as an interesting strategy to treat periodontitis. Conclusions. In this systematic review, the state-of-the-art knowledge on the medicinal plants and the induced periodontitis was critically evaluated and discussed from the experiment designed to the possible clinical application.
Collapse
|
22
|
Mangiferin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced production of interleukin-6 in human oral epithelial cells by suppressing toll-like receptor signaling. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 71:155-161. [PMID: 27517515 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral epithelial cells have currently been found to play an important role in inflammatory modulation in periodontitis. Mangiferin is a natural glucosylxanthone with anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory effect of mangiferin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in oral epithelial cells and the underlying mechanisms. DESIGN The levels of LPS-induced IL-6 production in OKF6/TERT-2 oral keratinocytes were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 was determined using western blot analysis. And the phosphorylation of TLR downstream nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was examined using cell-based protein phosphorylation ELISA kits. RESULTS We found that mangiferin reduced LPS-upregulated IL-6 production in OKF6/TERT-2 cells. Additionally, mangiferin inhibited LPS-induced TLR2 and TLR4 overexpression, and suppressed the phosphorylation of NF-κB, p38 MAPK and JNK. Moreover, mangiferin repressed IL-6 production and TLR signaling activation in a dose-dependent manner after 24h treatment. CONCLUSIONS Mangiferin decreases LPS-induced production of IL-6 in human oral epithelial cells by suppressing TLR signaling, and this glucosylxanthone may have potential for the treatment of periodontitis.
Collapse
|
23
|
Fournier-Larente J, Morin MP, Grenier D. Green tea catechins potentiate the effect of antibiotics and modulate adherence and gene expression in Porphyromonas gingivalis. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 65:35-43. [PMID: 26849416 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A number of studies have brought evidence that green tea catechins may contribute to periodontal health. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of a green tea extract and its principal constituent epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) to potentiate the antibacterial effects of antibiotics (metronidazole, tetracycline) against Porphyromonas gingivalis, and to modulate the adherence to oral epithelial cells and expression of genes coding for virulence factors and the high temperature requirement A (HtrA) stress protein in P. gingivalis. METHODS A broth microdilution assay was used to determine the antibacterial activity of the green tea extract and EGCG. The synergistic effects of either compounds in association with metronidazole or tetracycline were evaluated using the checkerboard technique. A fluorescent assay was used to determine bacterial adherence to oral epithelial cells. The modulation of gene expression in P. gingivalis was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. The Vibrio harveyi bioassay was used for monitoring quorum sensing inhibitory activity. RESULTS The MIC values of the green tea extract on P. gingivalis ranged from 250 to 1000 μg/ml, while those of EGCG ranged from 125 to 500 μg/ml. A marked synergistic effect on P. gingivalis growth was observed for the green tea extract or EGCG in combination with metronidazole. Both the green tea extract and EGCG caused a dose-dependent inhibition of P. gingivalis adherence to oral epithelial cells. On the one hand, green tea extract and EGCG dose-dependently inhibited the expression of several P. gingivalis genes involved in host colonization (fimA, hagA, hagB), tissue destruction (rgpA, kgp), and heme acquisition (hem). On the other hand, both compounds increased the expression of the stress protein htrA gene. The ability of the green tea extract and EGCG to inhibit quorum sensing may contribute to the modulation of gene expression. CONCLUSIONS This study explored the preventive and therapeutic potential of green tea catechins against periodontal disease. In addition to inhibit growth and adherence of P. gingivalis, a green tea extract and its main constituent EGCG was found to decrease the expression of genes coding for the major virulence factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jade Fournier-Larente
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Morin
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Algate K, Haynes DR, Bartold PM, Crotti TN, Cantley MD. The effects of tumour necrosis factor-α on bone cells involved in periodontal alveolar bone loss; osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes. J Periodontal Res 2015; 51:549-66. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Algate
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - D. R. Haynes
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - P. M. Bartold
- School of Dentistry; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - T. N. Crotti
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - M. D. Cantley
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
- Myeloma Research Laboratory; University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cai Y, Chen Z, Liu H, Xuan Y, Wang X, Luan Q. Green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate alleviates Porphyromonas gingivalis -induced periodontitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:839-845. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
26
|
Non-Nutrient, Naturally Occurring Phenolic Compounds with Antioxidant Activity for the Prevention and Treatment of Periodontal Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:447-81. [PMID: 26783837 PMCID: PMC4665427 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main factors able to explain the pathophysiological mechanism of inflammatory conditions that occur in periodontal disease is oxidative stress. Given the emerging understanding of this relationship, host-modulatory therapies using antioxidants could be interesting to prevent or slow the breakdown of soft and hard periodontal tissues. In this context, non-nutrient phenolic compounds of various foods and plants have received considerable attention in the last decade. Here, studies focusing on the relationship between different compounds of this type with periodontal disease have been collected. Among them, thymoquinone, coenzyme Q (CoQ), mangiferin, resveratrol, verbascoside and some flavonoids have shown to prevent or ameliorate periodontal tissues damage in animal models. However evidence regarding this effect in humans is poor and only limited to topical treatments with CoQ and catechins. Along with animal experiments, in vitro studies indicate that possible mechanisms by which these compounds might exert their protective effects include antioxidative properties, oxygen and nitrogen scavenging abilities, and also inhibitory effects on cell signaling cascades related to inflammatory processes which have an effect on RNS or ROS production as well as on antioxidant defense systems.
Collapse
|
27
|
Tominari T, Matsumoto C, Watanabe K, Hirata M, Grundler FMW, Miyaura C, Inada M. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory bone resorption, and protects against alveolar bone loss in mice. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:522-7. [PMID: 26155460 PMCID: PMC4491591 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine the role of EGCG, a major polyphenol in green tea, in bone metabolism. LPS is a pathogen-associated molecule, and induces inflammatory bone resorption. EGCG suppresses the LPS-induced PGE production in osteoblasts. EGCG suppresses the LPS-induced bone resorption of alveolar bones in vitro. In the mouse model of periodontitis, EGCG restores the loss of alveolar bone mass.
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol in green tea, possesses antioxidant properties and regulates various cell functions. Here, we examined the function of EGCG in inflammatory bone resorption. In calvarial organ cultures, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone resorption was clearly suppressed by EGCG. In osteoblasts, EGCG suppressed the LPS-induced expression of COX-2 and mPGES-1 mRNAs, as well as prostaglandin E2 production, and also suppressed RANKL expression, which is essential for osteoclast differentiation. LPS-induced bone resorption of mandibular alveolar bones was attenuated by EGCG in vitro, and the loss of mouse alveolar bone mass was inhibited by the catechin in vivo.
Collapse
Key Words
- BMN, bone mineral density
- Bone resorption
- COX, cyclo-oxygenase
- EGCG, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- Epigallocatechin gallate
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- Lipopolysaccharide
- OCPC, o-cresolphthalein complexon
- OPG, osteoprotegerin
- Osteoblasts
- PGE2, prostaglandin E2
- PSD, polymicrobial synergy and dysbiosis
- Periodontitis
- Prostaglandin E
- RANKL, receptor activator of NF-kB ligand
- mPGES, membrane-bound PGE synthase
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Tominari
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan ; Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Chiho Matsumoto
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Kenta Watanabe
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Michiko Hirata
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Strasse 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Chisato Miyaura
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan ; Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Masaki Inada
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan ; Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| |
Collapse
|