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Lobão WJDM, Zajdenverg L, Lopes GC, Barros MCMD, Sansone C, Silva-Boghossian CM. Redox biomarkers in saliva and nuclear abnormalities in jugal epithelial cells of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 161:105915. [PMID: 38412774 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate salivary redox biomarkers levels in individuals with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and correlate with periodontal parameters and nuclear alterations in epithelial cells from jugal mucosa. DESIGN Sixty individuals were categorized into three groups: T2DM with periodontitis (DM, n = 20), non-T2DM with periodontitis (PE, n = 20), and non-T2DM with periodontal health (HC, n = 20). All participants underwent fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin measurements. After a periodontal examination, samples of epithelial cells from the jugal mucosa and saliva were collected. DNA damage was assessed by counting nuclear abnormalities using cytological analysis. Biomarkers of oxidative stress were determined through biochemical methods. Significant differences among groups were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square tests at a 5% significance level. Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient, linear regression, and logistic regression. RESULTS Frequencies of nuclear abnormalities, as well as levels of reduced glutathione and uric acid, were significantly higher in the DM group compared to the PE and HC groups (p < 0.05). Fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, nuclear abnormalities, reduced glutathione, and uric acid exhibited positive correlations with periodontal parameters (p < 0.05). Furthermore, reduced glutathione was associated with dental biofilm (OR = 1.027 [95% CI, 1.004-1.049]) and condensed chromatin (OR = 0.415 [95% CI, 0.196-0.878]). CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis and T2DM are correlated with nuclear abnormalities, as well as salivary reduced glutathione and uric acid levels. Moreover, a higher prevalence of teeth with dental biofilm increases the likelihood of elevated levels of reduced glutathione in saliva, while the presence of condensed chromatin decreases that likelihood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walder Jansen de Mello Lobão
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Lenita Zajdenverg
- Department of Medical Clinic, Division of Nutrology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Casimiro Lopes
- Physical Education and Sports Institute, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Cynésia Medeiros de Barros
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carmelo Sansone
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carina M Silva-Boghossian
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Goriuc A, Cojocaru KA, Luchian I, Ursu RG, Butnaru O, Foia L. Using 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxiguanosine (8-OHdG) as a Reliable Biomarker for Assessing Periodontal Disease Associated with Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1425. [PMID: 38338704 PMCID: PMC10855048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research has shown that oxidative stress plays a significant role in chronic inflammatory conditions. The alteration of the oxidant/antioxidant balance leads to the appearance of free radicals, important molecules involved in both diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease. Diabetes is considered to be one of the major risk factors of periodontal disease and the inflammation characterizing this condition is associated with oxidative stress, implicitly resulting in oxidative damage to DNA. 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is the most common stable product of oxidative DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species, and its levels have been reported to increase in body fluids and tissues during inflammatory conditions. 8-OHdG emerges as a pivotal biomarker for assessing oxidative DNA damage, demonstrating its relevance across diverse health conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancers, inflammatory conditions, and periodontal disease. Continued research in this field is crucial for developing more precise treatments and understanding the detailed link between oxidative stress and the progression of periodontitis. The use of the 8-OHdG biomarker in assessing and managing chronic periodontitis is an area of increased interest in dental research, with the potential to provide crucial information for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancuta Goriuc
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.G.); (K.-A.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Karina-Alexandra Cojocaru
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.G.); (K.-A.C.); (L.F.)
| | - Ionut Luchian
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ramona-Garbriela Ursu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity (IX)—Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Butnaru
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Liliana Foia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.G.); (K.-A.C.); (L.F.)
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Torres-Sánchez ED, Salazar-Flores J, Gómez-Sandoval JR, Lomeli-Martinez SM. Membrane Fluidity and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Periodontitis. APPLIED SCIENCES 2023; 13:4546. [DOI: 10.3390/app13074546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis leads to the destruction of dental tissue through polymicrobial interactions, inflammation, and increased oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to measure the levels of nitrates (NO3−), malondialdehyde (MDA), and membranal fluidity (MF) in the gingival tissue of subjects with or without periodontitis. A total of 120 participants from the Dentistry School of the University of Guadalajara were investigated. The study was approved by the ethics committee of our institution, with the registration number of CI-01221. The clinical parameters measured were probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BoP). NO3− was measured using the Greiss reaction, while MDA was determined colorimetrically with the FR12 Kit (Oxford Biomedical Research). Membrane fluidity (MF) was measured using the quotient Ie/Im according to the method of Ortiz and collaborators. The Student t-test, Spearman correlation, and chi-square are used to calculate the results. The results showed higher levels of PD, CAL, and BoP in patients. There was a positive correlation between MF and PD. Moreover, MDA was positively correlated with PD and CAL. Increases in PD resulted in higher levels of NO3−, MDA, and MF. Similarly, increases in CAL resulted in higher levels of MDA and MF in patients. We conclude that PD and CAL facilitated the progression of periodontitis through increases in MDA and MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erandis Dheni Torres-Sánchez
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Joel Salazar-Flores
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan Ramón Gómez-Sandoval
- Periodontics Specialty Program, Department of Integrated Dentistry Clinics, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sarah M. Lomeli-Martinez
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, Mexico
- Periodontics Specialty Program, Department of Integrated Dentistry Clinics, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Institute of Research in Dentistry, Department of Integral Dental Clinics, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Department of Wellbeing and Sustainable Development, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Colotlán 46200, Jalisco, Mexico
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Alkan B, Koroglu-Aydin P. The effects of smoking on genotoxic and histopathologic damage in exfoliated oral epithelial cells and the periodontium: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33140. [PMID: 36827003 PMCID: PMC11309656 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking negatively affects the prognosis of periodontal disease by impairing tissue healing. While micronucleus is the most popular parameter for demonstrating DNA damage, inflammatory cell and vascular densities are the most evaluated parameters for determining histopathologic changes in the periodontium. This study aimed to study the effects of periodontitis and cigarette smoking on genotoxic changes in exfoliated oral epithelial cells and histopathologic changes in periodontal tissue. A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2018 and July 2019 at a dental university hospital in Turkey, and registered as NCT05484765. Eighty systemically healthy subjects were divided into four groups according to periodontal status and smoking habits: 20 smokers with generalized periodontitis (SGP), 20 nonsmokers with generalized periodontitis (NGP), 20 smokers with healthy periodontium (SHP), and 20 nonsmokers with healthy periodontium (NHP). For each study participant, full-mouth clinical periodontal parameters (CPPs) were measured, smear samples were taken from buccal and gingival mucosa, and periodontal tissue was biopsied from the maxillary molars. Cytogenetic and histopathologic assays (primary and secondary outcomes) were conducted using Feulgen reaction and hematoxylin-eosin staining, respectively. The mean CPPs of healthy periodontium groups were lower than generalized periodontitis groups. No significant differences were found between other groups regarding CPPs. Buccal micronuclei counts in groups decreased with the highest to lowest counts occurring in the order SGP > SHP > NGP > NHP. Gingival micronuclei counts in groups decreased from SGP > SHP > NGP = NHP. The most intense inflammatory cell and vascular densities occurred in SGP and NGP groups, respectively; and the mildest values were in healthy periodontium groups. Histopathological damage score decreased significantly by group in order SGP > NGP > SHP > NHP. The synergy arising from the combination of smoking and periodontitis exposures exacerbates genotoxic and histopathologic damage in oral cells and the periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Alkan
- Private Practice of Periodontology, Istanbul, Turkey (formerly Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey)
| | - Pinar Koroglu-Aydin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Xin X, Xiang X, Xin Y, Li Q, Ma H, Liu X, Hou Y, Yu W. Global trends in research on oxidative stress associated with periodontitis from 1987 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:979675. [PMID: 36159848 PMCID: PMC9493086 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.979675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress has been implicated in many chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis. To date, however, only a few bibliometric analyses have systematically studied this field. This work sought to visualize research hot spots and trends in oxidative stress associated with periodontitis from 1987 to 2022 through bibliometric approaches. Methods The Web of Science Core Collection was searched to retrieve relevant publications. HistCite, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace were used to perform bibliometric analysis visually in terms of annual output, active countries, prolific institutions, authors, core journals, co-cited references, and co-occurrence of keywords. Results A total of 1654 documents were selected for analysis. From 1 January 1987 to 11 June 2022, the number of annual publications related to oxidative stress in periodontitis exhibited an upward trend. The most prolific country was China with 322 documents, but the United States had 11334 citations. Okayama University, University of Birmingham, and Sichuan University were the most active and contributive institutions. The Journal of Periodontology ranked first in terms of numbers of publications and citations. Ekuni was the most prolific author, while Chapple ranked first among co-cited authors. The Role of Reactive Oxygen and Antioxidant Species in Periodontal Tissue Destruction published by Chapple was the most frequently co-cited reference. Keywords co-occurrence showed that oxidative stress was closely related to inflammation, antioxidants, and diabetes. Conclusion Our research found that global publications regarding research on oxidative stress associated with periodontitis increased dramatically and were expected to continue increasing. Inflammation and oxidative stress, and the relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases, are topics worthy of attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Xin
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xingchen Xiang
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Xin
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haonan Ma
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinchan Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yubo Hou
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weixian Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Tadin A, Gavić L, Roguljić M, Babić M, Galić I, Želježić D. ASSESSMENT OF CYTOGENETIC DAMAGE TO EXFOLIATED GINGIVAL CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS. Acta Clin Croat 2021; 60:209-215. [PMID: 34744270 PMCID: PMC8564832 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2021.60.02.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities through the frequency of micronuclei and other genomic damage markers in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis and without periodontal disease. Micronucleus assay was performed in exfoliated gingival epithelial cells of 35 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis and 30 control subjects with healthy periodontium. Full mouth clinical examination was performed to define periodontal condition. The mean number of cells with micronuclei observed in chronic periodontitis and control groups was 1.8 (±1.49) and 2.0 (±1.34), respectively. Differences between the groups were not significant (p=0.574). Compared to control subjects, patients with chronic periodontitis showed a significant increase in the number of binucleated cells (p≤0.001) and number of cells with nucleoplasmic bridges (p=0.042). Study results indicated that chronic periodontitis was not associated with higher occurrence of chromosomal damage in gingival cells compared to individuals with healthy periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lidia Gavić
- 1Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 2Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 3Division for Mutagenesis, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Roguljić
- 1Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 2Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 3Division for Mutagenesis, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Babić
- 1Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 2Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 3Division for Mutagenesis, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Galić
- 1Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 2Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 3Division for Mutagenesis, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Želježić
- 1Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 2Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia; 3Division for Mutagenesis, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
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Becerra-Ruiz JS, Guerrero-Velázquez C, Martínez-Esquivias F, Martínez-Pérez LA, Guzmán-Flores JM. Innate and adaptive immunity of periodontal disease. From etiology to alveolar bone loss. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1441-1447. [PMID: 33884712 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal disease refers to inflammation of the tissues that support the tooth. It is of multifactorial etiology. Innate and adaptive immune cells participate jointly through the release of their molecules and mechanisms of action in order to maintain homeostasis in periodontal tissues, so the host's immune response plays an essential role in defense against microorganisms. However, bacterial persistence and the dysregulation of the immune system as an exaggerated response can lead to the worsening of periodontal disease, leading to loss of gingival tissue and alveolar bone and thereby loss of teeth. Therefore, a better understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved in the development of periodontal disease is necessary to design new treatments and prophylactic measures in order to decrease the prevalence of this disease that afflicts a large part of the world population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Saraí Becerra-Ruiz
- Doctorado en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Celia Guerrero-Velázquez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | | | - Luz Andrea Martínez-Pérez
- Doctorado en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Juan Manuel Guzmán-Flores
- Instituto de Investigación en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Sürmelioğlu D, Gündoğar H, Taysi S, Bağiş YH. Effect of different bleaching techniques on DNA damage biomarkers in serum, saliva, and GCF. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1332-1341. [PMID: 33622079 DOI: 10.1177/0960327121996030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Bleaching agents containing a high concentration of H2O2 in the dental market lead to formation of reactive oxygen species, which have genotoxic effects. However, ozone bleaching, one of the most effective oxidants known, stimulates blood circulation and immune response and thus it has strong antimicrobial activity against viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. For these reasons, one of our hypothesis was ozone bleaching would reduce local and systemic DNA damage in the body. Hence, we aimed to determine the oxidative DNA damage biomarker levels in serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) by measuring 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) after different bleaching methods.Forty-eight volunteers who requested dental bleaching were divided into three treatment groups (n = 16). Group 1: ozone bleaching with the ozone-releasing machine; Group 2: chemical bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) gel; Group 3: 40% H2O2 gel activated with the diode laser. Initial and post-operative (immediately after bleaching and two weeks later) color measurements were performed with a spectrophotometer. The color changes were calculated with the CIEDE2000 (ΔE 00) formula. 8-OHdG levels in serum, saliva, and GCF samples were determined with ELISA. All three treatments resulted in efficient and statistically similar bleaching. The 8-OHdG levels in the serum and saliva were not affected by all bleaching methods (p > 0.05), but a temporary increase was observed in the GCF for chemical and laser-assisted groups except the ozone group (p > 0.05). According to the findings, chemical and laser-assisted bleaching can affect DNA damage locally but not systemically. Bleaching with ozone may eliminate this local DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sürmelioğlu
- Dentistry Faculty, Department of Restorative Dentistry, 37512Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - H Gündoğar
- Dentistry Faculty, Department of Periodontology, 37512Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - S Taysi
- Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 37512Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Y H Bağiş
- Dentistry Faculty, Department of Restorative Dentistry, 37504Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Gutiérrez-Sevilla JE, Cárdenas-Bedoya J, Escoto-Delgadillo M, Zúñiga-González GM, Pérez-Ríos AM, Gómez-Meda BC, González-Enríquez GV, Figarola-Centurión I, Chavarría-Avila E, Torres-Mendoza BM. Genomic instability in people living with HIV. Mutat Res 2021; 865:503336. [PMID: 33865542 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The increased life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) has transformed HIV infection into a chronic disease. However, patients may be at risk of accelerated aging and the accumulation of cellular damage, which may trigger the development of cancer. We evaluated genomic instability in HIV-positive individuals with different viral loads receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) and in HIV ART-naïve individuals. We included 67 participants divided into four groups: group 1 (n = 24) HIV patients receiving reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (tenofovir/ emtricitabine/ efavirenz and abacavir/ lamivudine/ efavirenz), group 2 (n = 22) HIV patients receiving protease inhibitors combined with other antiretroviral drugs (tenofovir/ emtricitabine with ritonavir/ atazanavir or lopinavir/ ritonavir, and darunavir/ ritonavir/ raltegravir), group 3 (n = 13) HIV ART-naïve patients, and group 4 (n = 8) healthy individuals (controls). Nuclear abnormalities in buccal mucosal samples (micronuclei, binucleated cells, nuclear buds, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, and pyknosis) were quantified. Simultaneously, blood samples were taken to quantify CD4+, CD8+, and HIV viral load. There was a significant age difference between HIV ART-naïve patients and receiving ART groups. Infection time was longer in HIV patients with ART than in ART-naïve patients. There were no differences in sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, or number of micronucleated cells between the study groups. We found higher frequencies of binucleated cells and nuclear buds in HIV patients, HIV ART-naïve, and HIV ART patients compared to the control group. We found a positive correlation between nuclear buds and CD4/CD8 ratio in the HIV ART-naïve group. In conclusion, PLWH showed increased genomic instability. The CD4/CD8 ratio affects the numbers of nuclear buds and binucleated cells. These findings are pertinent to mechanisms of damage and possible strategies to mitigate carcinogenesis in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ernesto Gutiérrez-Sevilla
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias y Retrovirus Humanos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico; Laboratorio de Mutagénesis, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico; Maestría en Microbiología Médica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jhonathan Cárdenas-Bedoya
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias y Retrovirus Humanos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico; Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Martha Escoto-Delgadillo
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias y Retrovirus Humanos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico; Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Moisés Zúñiga-González
- Laboratorio de Mutagénesis, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Alma Minerva Pérez-Ríos
- Servicio de Infectología, Hospital General Regional 110, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Belinda Claudia Gómez-Meda
- Instituto de Genética Humana "Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera", Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Gracia Viviana González-Enríquez
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Izchel Figarola-Centurión
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias y Retrovirus Humanos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico; Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Efraín Chavarría-Avila
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Blanca Miriam Torres-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Inmunodeficiencias y Retrovirus Humanos, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Mexico; Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológicas e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
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Kavya PR, Abraham S, Padmakumar V, Raveendran Pillai KP. Cellular composition and cytomorphological characteristics of periodontal pockets of patients with periodontitis using Leishman-Giemsa cocktail staining. Diagn Cytopathol 2020; 49:518-527. [PMID: 32986287 DOI: 10.1002/dc.24623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Premkala Raveendran Kavya
- Department of Periodontics, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Seba Abraham
- Department of Periodontics, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Vinayak Padmakumar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Vattapara, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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11
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Salivary Redox Biomarkers in the Course of Caries and Periodontal Disease. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10186240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Caries are a pathological process of extracorporeal nature, characterized by demineralization of inorganic substances as well as proteolysis triggered by acids produced by bacteria present in dental plaque, as a result of metabolism of sugars of both external and internal origin. Periodontal disease, on the other hand, is a multifactorial degenerative disease associated with inflammation, involving a group of tissues that surround the dental cervix and root of the tooth. It is believed that one of the mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of caries and periodontitis are disorders of local and/or general oxidative stress (OS) parameters. Numerous clinical studies have confirmed the relationship between oxidative stress markers and oral diseases. In most analyzed studies, technical and biological variability was so high that none of the markers so far has proven suitable for routine clinical use. The aim of systematic reviews of the literature is to present the existing studies on OS parameters, mainly concerning the activity of antioxidant enzymes in saliva of patients with caries and periodontitis.
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12
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Shee F, Pralhad S, Natarajan S, Manaktala N, Arun S, Marathe A. Cellular and Biochemical Changes in Different Categories of Periodontitis: A Patient-based Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:341-349. [PMID: 32802782 PMCID: PMC7402257 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_42_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to study the effects of periodontitis, diabetes mellitus (DM), and tobacco smoking and chewing habits (TBSCH) on the oxidative stress biomarker levels, namely malondialdehyde (MDA), and the mucosal genotoxic nuclear damage in the marginal gingival cells of subjects. Furthermore, the correlation of the biomarkers, MDA, and nuclear changes in the form of micronucleation (Mn) and binucleation (Bn) was investigated. Materials and Methods: Forty study participants were divided into five subject categories, which were established based on the presence of periodontitis, DM, and TBSCH. Whole saliva and marginal gingival smears collected from subjects were used to determine MDA levels and nuclear changes, respectively. A full-mouth assessment of periodontal pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing was performed for each subject to determine periodontal status. Results: MDA and Mn levels between control group and subjects with only periodontitis (MDA: P < 0.9990; Mn: P < 0.8200) showed no significant difference, whereas levels among subjects with DM, TBSCH, and periodontitis, and all other categories were statistically significant (MDA: P < 0.001). DM and/or TBSCH superimposed on periodontitis cause an exponential increase in biomarker levels. Furthermore, MDA and Mn showed poor correlation (r = 0.162; P = 0.318). Periodontitis alone did not significantly increase oxidative stress levels compared to healthy controls, whereas DM and TBSCH resulted in augmented oxidative stress levels, implying that increased stress produced by DM and TBSCH aggravates or exaggerates periodontal inflammation. Conclusion: Poor correlation between MDA and Mn indicated that the mechanisms involved in their production are independent of each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Shee
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Swati Pralhad
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Srikant Natarajan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nidhi Manaktala
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Arun
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Aradhana Marathe
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
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Sementsova E, Polushina L, Mandra E, Bazarnyi V, Mandra J. Cytological features of buccal epithelium in patients of various ages. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20202201003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The article describes the potential of buccal cells investigations. The authors presented buccal epithelium application in noninvasive diagnosis of early human aging; identified common cytological features of buccal epithelium for different ages; revealed the accumulation of cytogenetic abnormalities (epithelial cells with micronuclei, protrusions of the nucleus) and degenerative-dystrophic changes (perinuclear vacuole, condensed chromatin, karyorexis, karyolysis) with age. These findings reflect the predominance of apoptosis over reparation in the process of aging.
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14
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Chen M, Cai W, Zhao S, Shi L, Chen Y, Li X, Sun X, Mao Y, He B, Hou Y, Zhou Y, Zhou Q, Ma J, Huang S. Oxidative stress-related biomarkers in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid associated with chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:608-622. [PMID: 30989678 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers have been detected in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during chronic periodontitis (CP) progression; however, the relationship between OS biomarkers and CP progression remains elusive. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the relationship between local OS biomarkers and CP. METHODS This review was conducted through a systematic search from three databases. Studies on CP participants were included as an experimental group, and studies on periodontally healthy (PH) participants were included as a control. Mean effects were expressed as standardized mean difference with their associated 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS From a total of 2,972 articles, 32 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We found a significant decrease of total antioxidant capacity and a significant increase of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide, total oxidant status (TOS), and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine levels in the saliva of CP patients. Moreover, we also found an elevation of MDA level in GCF of CP group when compared with the PH group. There were no significant differences of salivary and GCF superoxide dismutase levels, salivary glutathione peroxidase level, and GCF TOS level between two groups. However, a high heterogeneity was observed among evaluated studies. CONCLUSIONS Despite the limitations of this study, the result of our meta-analysis supported the rationale that there was a direct link between CP and OS-related biomarkers' levels in the local site, indicating the important role of OS in the onset and development of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenjin Cai
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shufan Zhao
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lixi Shi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xumin Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yixin Mao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bing He
- Protein Section, Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yubo Hou
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiaozhen Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengbin Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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15
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Harshitha B, Subhada B, Mustafa M, Solanki H, Safiya NAM, Tiwari RVC. DNA Laddering to Evaluate Cytogenetic Damage in Patients with Periodontitis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2019; 9:486-491. [PMID: 31620382 PMCID: PMC6792315 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_245_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory conditions show cytogenetic damage in peripheral blood leukocytes and this can be assessed using various tests. Cytogenetic damage as observed in the peripheral blood cells, is a marker of periodontal disease. DNA laddering is a sensitive assay which evaluates the cytogenetic damage. DNA laddering is a feature that can be observed when DNA fragments, resulting from apoptotic DNA fragmentation, are visualised after separation by gel electrophoresis which results in a characteristic “ladder” pattern. Aim: The aim of the present study is to investigate the cytogenetic damage in different forms of periodontitis in comparison with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 15 systemically healthy subjects with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis (CGP), 15 systemically healthy subjects with generalised aggressive periodontitis(GAP) and 15 systemically healthy control subjects were recruited. Blood samples of the patients were drawn and evaluated for the cytogenetic damage by DNA laddering. Results: Apoptotic DNA fragmentation was observed as a “ladder” pattern at 180-200 BP intervals in both CGP and GAP groups indicating the DNA damage, in contrast with the healthy group where the ladder pattern was not observed suggesting of the healthy DNA. Conclusion: The results indicated that there are cytogenetic damages in both the chronic and aggressive periodontitis groups incontrast to the healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baddam Harshitha
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bopparaju Subhada
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
| | - Mohammed Mustafa
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hemlata Solanki
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Surendera dental college and research institute Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Rahul Vinay Chandra Tiwari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
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Sawhney T, Manaktala N, Pralhad S, Natarajan S. Assessment and comparison of nuclear changes seen in gingivitis and periodontitis using fluorescent microscopy. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE PATOLOGIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ANATOMIA PATOLOGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CITOLOGIA 2019; 52:208-213. [PMID: 31530403 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to observe the evolution of genotoxicity (micronucleation, binucleation and multinucleation) from normal to periodontally compromised gingival epithelium (gingivitis and periodontitis) and to compare the severity of damage. METHODS AND MATERIAL 45 participants formed 3 different categories; a control group of 15 healthy subjects, 15 subjects with gingivitis and 15 with chronic periodontitis. Smears were collected from all the gingiva and stained with acridine orange stain. A total of 500 cells were evaluated under fluorescent microscopy for nuclear abnormalities such as micronuclei, binucleation and multinucleation. The statistical analysis used was one way ANOVA and posthoc Tukey test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION A statistically significant difference was observed when the age of the 3 groups were compared (p=0.002); the control group were younger than those with chronic periodontitis or gingivitis. With respect to genotoxic changes, the differences for binucleation (p=0.002) and multinucleation (p<0.001) were statistically significant thus suggesting advanced damage in the nucleus. Such changes in genotoxicity could be of help to a clinician in determining prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Sawhney
- Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India
| | - Nidhi Manaktala
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India.
| | - Swati Pralhad
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India
| | - Srikant Natarajan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India
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Yoshida T, Terabe T, Nagai H, Uchida F, Hasegawa S, Nagao T, Miyabe S, Ishibashi‐Kanno N, Yamagata K, Warabi E, Gosho M, Yanagawa T, Bukawa H. Association between p62 expression and clinicopathological characteristics in oral leukoplakia. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019; 5:389-397. [PMID: 31452949 PMCID: PMC6704027 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Oral leukoplakia is keratinized lesions in the buccal mucosa, tongue, and gingiva. It is the most common oral precancerous lesion; oxidative stresses and irrelevant autophagy have been reported to be the cause of oncogenesis. p62, a cytoplasmic protein induced by oxidative stress, is an adaptor protein involved in the formation of protein aggregates and induction and inhibition of autophagy. The inhibition of autophagy induces p62 overexpression and promotes oncogenesis via the oncogenic signaling pathway. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the involvement of intracellular expression of p62 in oral leukoplakia and to address its potential clinical implementation as a biomarker to predict malignant transformation. Material and Methods Fifty samples from subjects with confirmed oral leukoplakia were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining for the expression of p62, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), Ki67, and p53. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between p62, 8-OHdG, Ki67, and p53 and clinical characteristics, including epithelial dysplasia. Results Significant associations were observed between p62 expression in the nucleus, p62 aggregation, and epithelial dysplasia (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.28, 26.2]; .024 and OR = 6.16; 95% CI: [1.01, 37.4]; .048, respectively). The expression of p62 in the cytoplasm and the levels of 8-OHdG, Ki67, and p53 were not significantly associated with epithelial dysplasia. A significant relationship was found between p62 expression in the nucleus and p53 expression (OR = 3.94; 95% CI: [1.14, 13.6]; .031). Conclusions The results suggested that p62 expression in the nucleus and p62 aggregation can be potential markers to predict the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Yoshida
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human ScienceUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Yoshida Dental OfficeMedical Cooperation TokuekaiIshiokaJapan
| | - Takehito Terabe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Association for Development of Community MedicineIshioka Daiichi HospitalIshiokaJapan
| | - Hiroki Nagai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Fumihiko Uchida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Shogo Hasegawa
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of DentistryAichi‐Gakuen UniversityNagoyaJapan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryToyota Wakatake HospitalToyotaJapan
| | - Toru Nagao
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of DentistryAichi‐Gakuen UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Satoru Miyabe
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of DentistryAichi‐Gakuen UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Naomi Ishibashi‐Kanno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Kenji Yamagata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Eiji Warabi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Masahiko Gosho
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Toru Yanagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Hiroki Bukawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
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Periodontitis: Genomic instability implications and associated risk factors. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 840:20-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Tadin A, Gavic L, Roguljic M, Jerkovic D, Zeljezic D. Nuclear morphological changes in gingival epithelial cells of patients with periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23:3749-3757. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02803-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Enhanced Oxidative Damage and Nrf2 Downregulation Contribute to the Aggravation of Periodontitis by Diabetes Mellitus. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9421019. [PMID: 30622677 PMCID: PMC6304894 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9421019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a well-recognized risk factor for periodontitis. The goal of the present study was to elucidate whether oxidative stress and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) participate in the aggravation of periodontitis by diabetes. For this purpose, we assigned Wistar rats to control, periodontitis, diabetes, and diabetic periodontitis groups. Two weeks after induction of diabetes by streptozotocin, periodontitis was induced by ligation. Two weeks later, periodontal tissues and blood were harvested and analyzed by stereomicroscopy, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. We found that ligation induced more severe bone loss and periodontal cell apoptosis in diabetic rats than in normal rats (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, periodontitis significantly enhanced local oxidative damage (elevated expression of 3-nitrotyrosine, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine), whereas diabetes significantly increased systemic oxidative damage and suppressed antioxidant capacity (increased malondialdehyde expression and decreased superoxide dismutase activity) (p < 0.05). Simultaneous periodontitis and diabetes synergistically aggravated both local and systemic oxidative damage (p < 0.05); this finding was strongly correlated with the more severe periodontal destruction in diabetic periodontitis. Furthermore, gene and protein expression of Nrf2 was significantly downregulated in diabetic periodontitis (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the reduced Nrf2 expression was strongly correlated with the aggravated periodontal destruction and oxidative damage in diabetic periodontitis. We conclude that enhanced local and systemic oxidative damage and Nrf2 downregulation contribute to the development and progression of diabetic periodontitis.
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Guo X, Ni J, Liang Z, Xue J, Fenech MF, Wang X. The molecular origins and pathophysiological consequences of micronuclei: New insights into an age-old problem. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2018; 779:1-35. [PMID: 31097147 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN), the small nucleus-like bodies separated from the primary nucleus, can exist in cells with numerical and/or structural chromosomal aberrations in apparently normal tissues and more so in tumors in humans. While MN have been observed for over 100 years, they were merely and constantly considered as passive indicators of chromosome instability (CIN) for a long time. Relatively little is known about the molecular origins and biological consequences of MN. Rapid technological advances are helping to close these gaps. Very recent studies provide exciting evidence that MN act as key platform for chromothripsis and a trigger of innate immune response, suggesting that MN could affect cellular functions by both genetic and nongenetic means. These previously unappreciated findings have reawakened widespread interests in MN. In this review, the diverse mechanisms leading to MN generation and the complex fate profiles of MN are discussed, together with the evidence for their contribution to CIN, inflammation, senescence and cell death. Moreover, we put this knowledge together into a speculative perspective on how MN may be responsible for cancer development and how their presence may influence the choice of treatment. We suggest that the heterogeneous responses to MN may function physiological to ensure the arrestment, elimination and immune clearance of damaged cells, but pathologically, may enable the survival and oncogenic transformation of cells bearing CIN. These insights not only underscore the complexity of MN biology, but also raise a host of new questions and provide fertile ground for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihan Guo
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Juan Ni
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Ziqing Liang
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Jinglun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Michael F Fenech
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia; Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA, 5048, Australia.
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
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Del Real García JF, Saldaña-Velasco FR, Sánchez-de la Rosa SV, Ortiz-García YM, Morales-Velazquez G, Gómez-Meda BC, Zúñiga-González GM, Sánchez-Parada MG, Zamora-Perez AL. In vivo evaluation of the genotoxicity and oxidative damage in individuals exposed to 10% hydrogen peroxide whitening strips. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:3033-3046. [PMID: 30430338 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2716-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed the impact of 10% hydrogen peroxide whitening strip exposure on the genotoxicity and oxidative damage by means of the buccal micronucleus cytome assay by counting nuclear abnormalities (NAs) in buccal mucosa and attached gingiva cells and by analyzing in whole saliva the molecule 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted on 113 subjects divided into two groups: group 1 or control (n = 53), non-whitening strip exposed, and group 2 (n = 60), whitening strip exposed (Crest® 3D Whitestrips® premium plus, 10% hydrogen peroxide). Oral epithelial cells and whole saliva samples were taken at the beginning and 30 days later for group 1 and immediately before bleaching and 15 and 30 days after the end of the bleaching for group 2. RESULTS An increased frequency of NAs (p < 0.05) and higher levels of 8-OHdG (p < 0.05) were observed after bleaching exposure. Also, a positive correlation exists between oxidative stress produced by hydrogen peroxide and micronuclei was found. CONCLUSION Individuals exposed to 10% hydrogen peroxide whitening strips exhibit NAs increased in oral epithelial cells and 8-OHdG in saliva, which is directed related to nuclear and oxidative DNA damage, respectively. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Hydrogen peroxide is the active agent of tooth whitening and this compound induced DNA damage. Individuals exposed to whitening strips with 10% hydrogen peroxide exhibit increased genotoxic and oxidative damage. Therefore, self-application of bleaching agents should be handled carefully since it could be a risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Del Real García
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, José Maria Echauri y Juan Díaz Covarrubias s/n, Col. Independencia, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.,Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina y Terapia Génica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Fausto Rubén Saldaña-Velasco
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, José Maria Echauri y Juan Díaz Covarrubias s/n, Col. Independencia, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Susana Vanessa Sánchez-de la Rosa
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, José Maria Echauri y Juan Díaz Covarrubias s/n, Col. Independencia, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Yveth Marlene Ortiz-García
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, José Maria Echauri y Juan Díaz Covarrubias s/n, Col. Independencia, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Morales-Velazquez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, José Maria Echauri y Juan Díaz Covarrubias s/n, Col. Independencia, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Belinda Claudia Gómez-Meda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina y Terapia Génica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Moisés Zúñiga-González
- Laboratorio de Mutagénesis, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Sánchez-Parada
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Mexico
| | - Ana Lourdes Zamora-Perez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, José Maria Echauri y Juan Díaz Covarrubias s/n, Col. Independencia, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Isolation and purification of five phenolic compounds from the Xinjiang wine grape (Vitis Vinifera) and determination of their antioxidant mechanism at cellular level. Eur Food Res Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-018-3070-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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Meta-Analysis of the Use of 8-OHdG in Saliva as a Marker of Periodontal Disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:7916578. [PMID: 29854026 PMCID: PMC5954896 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7916578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to collect the available evidence on oxidative stress marker measurements in periodontal patients, focusing specifically on 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a salivary marker of periodontal disease, and to perform meta-analyses to calculate differences in concentration compared to healthy persons. A systematic search in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus identified 81 articles. Of these, 38 were duplicates. After reading the abstracts of the remaining 43, 42 were selected for full-text assessment. Finally, 17 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. Those excluded were of low quality, did not answer the research question, or did not meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the 17 in the qualitative synthesis, 9 were included in the meta-analysis. The 9 studies in the meta-analysis were combined in a random effects model. Their heterogeneity was high (Q = 3982.02, p < 0.001, I2 = 99.8%). The difference in mean 8-OHdG concentration in saliva between periodontal and healthy subjects was estimated at 2.11 ng/ml (95% CI 1.23–2.98). The different saliva collection methods (stimulated/unstimulated) did not explain the heterogeneity. The 8-OHdG levels in saliva of periodontal patients were almost double to those of healthy patients: 8-OHdG is clearly a powerful periodontal disease marker.
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Kemer Doğan ES, Kırzıoğlu FY, Doğan B, Fentoğlu Ö, Kale B. The effect of menopause on the relationship between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease via salivary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and myeloperoxidase levels. Acta Odontol Scand 2018; 76:92-97. [PMID: 28984174 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1386798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impairment of the lipid metabolism could affect the periodontal disease; increased oxidative stress may have a role in this relationship. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of menopause in the relationship between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease via oxidative stress markers in saliva. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-seven women were enrolled in the study and divided into four groups as systemically healthy and premenopause (C) (n = 18), hyperlipidemia and premenopause (H) (n = 16), systemically healthy and postmenopause (M) (n = 17), and hyperlipidemia and postmenopause (MH) (n = 16). Sociodemographics, periodontal and metabolic parameters, and saliva oxidative markers (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG]) were evaluated. RESULTS Menopause and/or hyperlipidemia were associated with an increase in all evaluated periodontal parameters. Saliva 8-OHdG and MPO levels were higher in menopausal groups (M and MH). Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that hyperlipidemia was related to an increase in periodontal parameters. Salivary oxidative stress markers and periodontal parameters were also positively associated with menopause and hyperlipidemia. CONCLUSION Saliva 8-OHdG and MPO levels may indicate that the relationship between periodontal disease and hyperlipidemia is aggravated by menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Sinem Kemer Doğan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yeşim Kırzıoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Burak Doğan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Özlem Fentoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Banu Kale
- Endocrinologist, Private Practice, Isparta, Turkey
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26
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Tóthová L, Celec P. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in the Diagnosis and Therapy of Periodontitis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:1055. [PMID: 29311982 PMCID: PMC5735291 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. However, large interventional studies with antioxidants failed to show benefits in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, or diabetes mellitus. Numerous clinical studies have confirmed the association of oxidative stress markers and periodontitis. Technical and biological variability is high for most of the analyzed markers and none of them seems to be optimal for routine clinical use. In a research setting, analysis of a palette of oxidative stress markers is needed to cover lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and the antioxidant status. The source of reactive oxygen species and their role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis remains unclear. Interventional experiments indicate that oxidative stress might be more than just a simple consequence of the inflammation. Small studies have confirmed that some antioxidants could have therapeutic value at least as an addition to the standard non-surgical treatment of periodontitis. A clear evidence for the efficiency of antioxidant treatment in large patient cohorts is lacking. Potentially, because lowering of oxidative stress markers might be a secondary effect of anti-inflammatory or antibacterial agents. As the field of research of oxidative stress in periodontitis gains attraction and the number of relevant published papers is increasing a systematic overview of the conducted observational and interventional studies is needed. This review summarizes the currently available literature linking oxidative stress and periodontitis and points toward the potential of adjuvant antioxidant treatment, especially in cases where standard treatment fails to improve the periodontal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- L'ubomíra Tóthová
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Celec
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Benvindo-Souza M, Assis RA, Oliveira EAS, Borges RE, Santos LRDS. The micronucleus test for the oral mucosa: global trends and new questions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:27724-27730. [PMID: 29152700 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study reviews global trends in the publication of papers on the micronucleus test of the exfoliated cells of the oral mucosa in mammals as an approach for environmental biomonitoring. This test has been widely used due to its precision for the detection of chromosome damage. Our temporal analysis showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the publication of papers on the oral mucosa over the past 33 years. Brazil was the country that published most papers (24% of the total), followed by India (16%), the USA (10%), Mexico (7%), and Turkey (6%). A further 30 countries contributed the other 37% of the papers. Overall, 99% of the micronucleus studies involved human subjects, and only 1% involved other mammals. As many wild mammals are subject to the same environmental pressures as humans, in particular chemical pollution, it seems likely that many species are equally susceptible to genotoxicogical damage. We emphasize the importance of applying this technique to the analysis of the oral mucosa of wild mammals, as well as the evaluation of its effectiveness, as observed in humans, and the expansion of the available approaches to the monitoring of environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelino Benvindo-Souza
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Rhayane Alves Assis
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Eliane Andreia Santos Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Rinneu Elias Borges
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Rio Verde, UniRV, Fazenda Fontes do Saber, Rio Verde, GO, CEP: 75.901-970, Brazil
| | - Lia Raquel de Souza Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, IF Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, GO, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil.
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Wang Y, Andrukhov O, Rausch-Fan X. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant System in Periodontitis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:910. [PMID: 29180965 PMCID: PMC5693842 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease, which is initiated by bacterial infection and subsequently progressed by aberrant host response. It can result in the destruction of teeth supporting tissues and have an influence on systemic health. When periodontitis occurs, reactive oxygen species, which are overproduced mostly by hyperactive neutrophils, could not be balanced by antioxidant defense system and cause tissues damage. This is characterized by increased metabolites of lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and protein damage. Local and systemic activities of antioxidants can also be influenced by periodontitis. Total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index have been used to evaluate the oxidative stress associated with periodontitis. Studies have confirmed that inflammatory response in periodontitis is associated with an increased local and systemic oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant capacity. Our review focuses on increased oxidative stress in periodontal disease, specifically, on the relationship between the local and systemic biomarkers of oxidative stress and periodontitis and their association with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Also, the relationship between periodontitis and systemic inflammation, and the effects of periodontal therapy on oxidative stress parameters will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Periodontology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Department of Periodontology and Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Department of Periodontology and Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Van der Velden U. What exactly distinguishes aggressive from chronic periodontitis: is it mainly a difference in the degree of bacterial invasiveness? Periodontol 2000 2017; 75:24-44. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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30
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Shin MS, Shin HS, Ahn YB, Kim HD. Association between periodontitis and salivary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine among Korean rural adults. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2016; 44:381-9. [PMID: 26919660 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the association between salivary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and periodontitis among community-dwelling Korean adults. METHODS A total of 211 adults (80 men and 131 women) were cross-sectionally surveyed from the Sunchang Longevity Cohort. Periodontitis was defined as having at least 30% of teeth with proximal attachment loss ≥5 mm. The salivary 8-OHdG level was categorized into tertiles: low (<0.916 ng/ml), medium (0.916 to <2.675 ng/ml) and high (≥2.675 ng/ml). Sociodemographic, habitual and systemic health-related factors were controlled for. Logistic regression analysis was performed for the outcome of severe periodontitis. Analysis of covariance in general linear model was performed for the outcome of 8-OHdG. RESULTS The high 8-OHdG level showed a significant association with periodontitis. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 2.40 (1.05-5.51), and it was highlighted by adding the interaction term with drinking and smoking. The adjusted mean log-transformed value of 8-OHdG was significantly higher in the severe periodontitis group (1.40 ng/ml) than in the control group (1.02 ng/ml) (ancova, P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS 8-OHdG was associated with periodontitis. Thus, salivary 8-OHdG could be a useful marker for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Seop Shin
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Sun Shin
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo-Been Ahn
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Duck Kim
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Nuclear abnormalities in buccal mucosa cells of patients with type I and II diabetes treated with folic acid. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2016; 797:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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Villa-Correa YA, Isaza-Guzmán DM, Tobón-Arroyave SI. Prognostic Value of 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine and Human Neutrophil Elastase/α1-Proteinase Inhibitor Complex as Salivary Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Chronic Periodontitis. J Periodontol 2015; 86:1260-7. [PMID: 26177632 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and human neutrophil elastase/α1-proteinase inhibitor (HNE/α1-PI) complex have been regarded as reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress in inflammatory conditions. This study investigates whether the salivary levels of these two analytes may be linked with periodontal health status. METHODS One hundred ten patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and 50 healthy controls were selected. Periodontal status was assessed by criteria based on probing depth, clinical attachment level, and extent and severity of periodontal breakdown. 8-OHdG and HNE/α1-PI salivary levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association of these analytes with CP was analyzed individually and adjusted for confounding factors using a multivariate binary logistic regression model. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of both markers were detected in the CP group in comparison to controls. Weak-to-moderate positive significant correlations between salivary biomarkers and clinical parameters were observed. After binary logistic regression analysis, salivary levels of 8-OHdG >17.35 ng/mL and HNE/α1-PI complex >158.28 ng/mL were independently associated with disease status. Interaction effects among candidate prognostic variables were also noted. CONCLUSIONS Increased salivary levels of 8-OHdG and HNE/α1-PI complex may be strong, independent prognostic indicators of the amount and extent of oxidative stress-induced periodontal breakdown. In addition, unstimulated whole saliva samples might reflect a synergistic biologic interactive effect of HNE/α1-PI associated with the aging and smoking cumulative characteristics of periodontal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yésica A Villa-Correa
- POPCAD Research Group, Laboratory of Immunodetection and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana M Isaza-Guzmán
- POPCAD Research Group, Laboratory of Immunodetection and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sergio I Tobón-Arroyave
- POPCAD Research Group, Laboratory of Immunodetection and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Safi Oz Z, Dogan Gun B, Ozdamar SO. Evaluation of Micronuclei, Nuclear Anomalies and the Nuclear/Cytoplasmic Ratio of Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells in Genital Candidiasis. Acta Cytol 2015; 59:180-6. [PMID: 25998009 DOI: 10.1159/000381615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Candida is the most common cause of fungal infections. The aim of this study was to fill the gaps in the current knowledge on the frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear anomalies, and the nucleus/cytoplasmic ratio in genital candidiasis. STUDY DESIGN A total of 88 Papanicolaou- stained cervical smears, which comprised Candida spp. (n = 44) and control cases with no infectious agent (n = 44), were studied. In each smear, cells with micronuclei and nuclear anomalies were counted in 1,000 epithelial cells and also nuclear and cellular areas were evaluated using image analysis software at a magnification of ×400. RESULTS The frequencies of micronucleated and binucleated cells and cells with perinuclear halos, and the nucleus/cytoplasmic ratio of epithelial cells were higher in the Candida-infected group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Genital candidiasis is able to induce changes in the size and shape of epithelial cells. The nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and the frequency of micronuclei may reflect the DNA damage in the cervical epithelium. Micronucleus scoring could be used to screen the genomic damage profile of epithelial cells in candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Safi Oz
- Department of Medical Biology, Bulent Ecevit University School of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Brandão PDTJ, Gomes-Filho IS, Cruz SS, Passos-Soares JDS, Trindade SC, Souza LDCM, Meireles JRC, Cerqueira EDMM. Can periodontal infection induce genotoxic effects? Acta Odontol Scand 2015; 73:219-25. [PMID: 25428625 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.982705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities, through micronuclei, and apoptosis by the sum of karyorrhexis, pyknosis and condensed chromatin in individuals with chronic periodontitis, gingivitis associated with biofilm and no periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 72 individuals divided into three groups: gingivitis (n = 21), periodontitis (n = 24) and control (n = 27). Information on sociodemographic characteristics, health and lifestyle was obtained. Full mouth clinical examination was performed to define the periodontal condition. Exfoliated cells from gingival mucosa were collected for computation of micronuclei and nuclear changes indicative of apoptosis. The differences in the occurrence of endpoints (micronucleus, karyorrhexis, pyknosis and condensed chromatin) were evaluated using the conditional test to compare proportions in a rare events situation. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of micronucleus (p > 0.1) between gingivitis, periodontitis and control groups. The occurrence of apoptosis was significantly higher among individuals with periodontitis compared to individuals with gingivitis (p < 0.05) and controls (p < 0.025). CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that the inflammatory process generated by gingivitis and periodontitis is not related to a higher occurrence of chromosomal damage. However, the higher occurrence of apoptosis in individuals with periodontitis points to genotoxic effects induced by periodontal infection.
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