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Zhao F, Wang Y, Liu Z, Wang J, Xia Y, Jiang X, Zhou L, Khan A, Cheng S, Zou Z, Chen C, Qiu J. Association between protein-to-energy ratio and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents in the United States: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1383602. [PMID: 38983459 PMCID: PMC11232357 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1383602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The dietary protein proportion may be crucial in triggering overweight and obesity among children and adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional data from 4,336 children and adolescents who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and March 2020 were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Restricted cubic splines assessed the nonlinear relationships between dietary protein intake and the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Results Adjusted logistic regression models showed that each 1% increase in dietary protein proportion was associated with a 4% higher risk of overweight and obesity (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07). A nonlinear relationship was noted in children aged 6-11 years (P < 0.05), as demonstrated by restricted cubic spline analysis. After dividing dietary protein intake into quartiles, the highest quartile had an adjusted OR of 2.07 (95% CI: 1.35, 3.16, P = 0.001) compared to the lowest, among children aged 6-11 years. Conclusion Dietary protein intake is positively linked to overweight and obesity in American children, irrespective of individual characteristics and total energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yudan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoyi Liu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinyin Xia
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixiao Zhou
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ahmad Khan
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuqun Cheng
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingfu Qiu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Qasrawi R, Sgahir S, Nemer M, Halaikah M, Badrasawi M, Amro M, Vicuna Polo S, Abu Al-Halawa D, Mujahed D, Nasreddine L, Elmadfa I, Atari S, Al-Jawaldeh A. Investigating the Association between Nutrient Intake and Food Insecurity among Children and Adolescents in Palestine Using Machine Learning Techniques. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:625. [PMID: 38929205 PMCID: PMC11202236 DOI: 10.3390/children11060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Food insecurity is a public health concern that affects children worldwide, yet it represents a particular burden for low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to utilize machine learning to identify the associations between food insecurity and nutrient intake among children aged 5 to 18 years. The study's sample encompassed 1040 participants selected from a 2022 food insecurity household conducted in the West Bank, Palestine. The results indicated that food insecurity was significantly associated with dietary nutrient intake and sociodemographic factors, such as age, gender, income, and location. Indeed, 18.2% of the children were found to be food-insecure. A significant correlation was evidenced between inadequate consumption of various nutrients below the recommended dietary allowance and food insecurity. Specifically, insufficient protein, vitamin C, fiber, vitamin B12, vitamin B5, vitamin A, vitamin B1, manganese, and copper intake were found to have the highest rates of food insecurity. In addition, children residing in refugee camps experienced significantly higher rates of food insecurity. The findings emphasize the multilayered nature of food insecurity and its impact on children, emphasizing the need for personalized interventions addressing nutrient deficiencies and socioeconomic factors to improve children's health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwan Qasrawi
- Department of Computer Sciences, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine
- Department of Computer Engineering, Istinye University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Sabri Sgahir
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, College of Agriculture, Hebron University, Hebron P.O. Box 40, Palestine
| | - Maysaa Nemer
- Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Ramallah P.O. Box 14, Palestine
| | - Mousa Halaikah
- Nutrition Department, Ministry of Health, Ramallah P.O. Box 4284, Palestine
| | - Manal Badrasawi
- Nutrition and Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus P.O. Box 7, Palestine
| | - Malak Amro
- Department of Computer Sciences, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine
| | - Stephanny Vicuna Polo
- Department of Computer Sciences, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine
| | - Diala Abu Al-Halawa
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine
| | - Doa’a Mujahed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, College of Agriculture, Hebron University, Hebron P.O. Box 40, Palestine
| | - Lara Nasreddine
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim Elmadfa
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Siham Atari
- Department of Computer Sciences, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine
| | - Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
- Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, World Health Organization, Cairo 7608, Egypt
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Hammad NM, Wolfson JA, de Ferranti SD, Willett WC, Leung CW. Food Insecurity and Ideal Cardiovascular Health Risk Factors Among US Adolescents. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033323. [PMID: 38591328 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity, a social and economic condition of limited availability of healthy food, is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular health outcomes among adults; few studies have been conducted in adolescents. This study explores the association between food insecurity and cardiovascular health risk factors among a nationally representative sample of US adolescents, adopting the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 metric. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed data from 2534 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years from the 2013 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. In the sample, 24.8% of adolescents lived in food-insecure households. After multivariable adjustment, food insecurity was associated with a 3.23-unit lower total Life's Essential 8 score (95% CI, -6.32, -0.15) and lower scores on diet quality (β=-5.39 [95% CI, -8.91, -1.87]) and nicotine exposure (β=-4.85 [95% CI, -9.24, -0.45]). Regarding diet, food insecurity was associated with 5% lower Healthy Eating Index-2015 scores [95% CI, -7%, -2%], particularly lower intakes of whole grains and seafood/plant proteins and marginally higher intake of added sugar. Regarding nicotine exposure, food insecurity was associated with ever use of a tobacco product among m (odds ratio, 1.74 [95% CI, 1.20-2.53]). Compared with their food-secure counterparts, food-insecure male (odds ratio, 1.98 [95% CI, 1.07-3.65]) and female (odds ratio, 3.22 [95% CI, 1.60-6.45]) adolescents had higher odds of living with a current indoor smoker. CONCLUSIONS In this nationally representative sample of adolescents, food insecurity was associated with multiple indicators of cardiovascular health risk. These findings underscore the need for public health interventions and policies to reduce food insecurity and improve cardioprotective behaviors during adolescence, with particular efforts targeting diet quality and nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour M Hammad
- Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA
| | - Julia A Wolfson
- Department of Health Policy and Management Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD
- Department of International Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD
| | | | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA
- Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA
| | - Cindy W Leung
- Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA
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Gaona-Pineda EB, López-Olmedo N, Moreno-Macías H, Shamah-Levy T. Three approaches to assessing dietary quality in Mexican adolescents from 2006 to 2018 with data from national health and nutrition surveys. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e97. [PMID: 38465375 PMCID: PMC10993068 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess trends in the dietary quality of Mexican adolescents from 2006 to 2018, both overall and by sociodemographic indicators, using adaptations of the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health (PH) recommendations, optimal intake estimated by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) and 2015 Mexican Dietary Guidelines (MDG) in nationally representative samples. DESIGN Using dietary data from a semi-quantitative FFQ, dietary quality indexes were constructed as adaptations of three dietary intake recommendations. Trends in adherence to recommendations were evaluated with multivariate quantile regression models with survey year as the main independent variable and adjusted for age, sex, energy intake, dwelling area, geographical region, household assets condition, and student/non-student status. P values and CI were Bonferroni-corrected. SETTING Mexico. PARTICIPANTS Non-pregnant or lactating adolescents aged 12-19 years (n 16 520). RESULTS Adherence to the PH index was about 40 %, GBD was nearly 35 % and MDG was about 37 %. The lowest adherences were for added sugars, sugar-sweetened beverages, nuts and seeds, red meats, processed meats, and legumes (<28 %). No 2006-2018 trends in total adherence were found in any index. Nevertheless, negative adherence trends were identified for poultry (β = -2·4), and saturated fats (β = -0·93), and positive for unsaturated oils (β = 1·23), in the PH. In MDG, relevant trends were found for plain water (β = 1·63) and foods rich in fats (β = -1·24). CONCLUSIONS Mexican adolescents have demonstrated poor dietary quality by these three approaches. Therefore, this population has a high-risk profile for diet-associated chronic diseases. Further research and appropriate public policies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Berenice Gaona-Pineda
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, National Institute
of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca,
Mexico
- Master’s and Doctoral Program in Medical, Odontological and Health
Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
City, Mexico
| | - Nancy López-Olmedo
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of
Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | | | - Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, National Institute
of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca,
Mexico
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5
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Haushalter K, Burgermaster M, Hudson E, Landry MJ, Sharma SV, Davis JN. An Increase in Food Insecurity Correlated with an Increase in Plasma Triglycerides among Latinx Children. J Nutr 2024; 154:565-573. [PMID: 38110183 PMCID: PMC10900190 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity and metabolic diseases both disproportionately affect Hispanic children. Cross-sectional studies have linked food insecurity with adverse cardiometabolic markers, including elevated plasma triglycerides and glucose concentrations. However, the association between changes in food insecurity and changes in cardiometabolic markers in children remains to be explored. Furthermore, few studies have assessed the impact of school-based nutrition interventions on household food insecurity. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study are to assess the effect of the TX Sprouts intervention on household food insecurity and to examine the association between changes in household food insecurity and changes in cardiometabolic markers over 1 academic year. METHODS This secondary analysis used data from TX Sprouts, a cluster-randomized school-based gardening, cooking, and nutrition trial. The study enrolled 3rd-5th-grade students from 16 schools that served primarily (>50%) Hispanic families with low income in Austin, TX. Participants (n = 619) provided household food insecurity data and fasting lipid panels at both baseline and postintervention, ∼9 mo following. RESULTS There was no intervention effect on household food insecurity. Independent of the intervention, a 1-point increase in food insecurity, indicative of becoming more food insecure, was associated with a 2.61 mg/dL increase in triglycerides (P = 0.001; 95% CI: 1.04, 4.19) at follow-up. Children who were food insecure at baseline and became food secure at follow-up had a mean 5.05 mg/dL decrease in triglycerides compared with a 7.50 mg/dL increase in triglycerides in children who remained food insecure throughout (95% CI: -23.40, -1.71, P = 0.023). There were no other associations between changes in food insecurity and cardiometabolic markers. CONCLUSION Although the intervention did not improve food insecurity, reductions in food insecurity over 9 mo were associated with improved cardiometabolic markers in high-risk children, emphasizing the need for interventions targeting food insecurity. The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov under NCT02668744 (https://classic. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ct2/show/NCT02668744).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keally Haushalter
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Marissa Burgermaster
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States; Department of Population Health, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Erin Hudson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Matthew J Landry
- Department of Population Health and Disease Prevention, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shreela V Sharma
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences (UTHealth) School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jaimie N Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.
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Arango-Angarita A, González-Moreno A, Tercero-Gómez F, Mundo Rosas V, Deschak C, Shamah-Levy T. Food Insecurity is Associated with Low Dietary Diversity in Rural Women in Mexico: Results from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey, ENSANUT 2018. Ecol Food Nutr 2023; 62:286-307. [PMID: 37743739 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2023.2259805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Rural women suffer greater vulnerability to food insecurity (FI) compared to their urban or male counterparts. We analyzed the association between food security (FS) status and dietary diversity (DD) in rural women through data from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT) 2018 from 2,099 rural women. DD was measured using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. FS was measured using the Latin America and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA). The prevalence of any level of FI was 70.1%. Mean DD score was 3.8. Mild FI was associated with low DD (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.06, 2.10). Results highlight the need for government strategies targeted to this population sector to improve their diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Arango-Angarita
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, CIEE, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alejandra González-Moreno
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Francia Tercero-Gómez
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Verónica Mundo Rosas
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, CIEE, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Caroline Deschak
- International Health and Development, ICF International, Rockville, Maryland, US
| | - Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, CIEE, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Tay JEF, Tung SEH, Kaur S, Gan WY, Che'Ya NN, Tan CH. Seasonality, food security, diet quality and nutritional status in urban poor adolescents in Malaysia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15067. [PMID: 37700109 PMCID: PMC10497510 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonality was shown to have an effect on food availability and accessibility, increasing the risk of food insecurity and causing poor diet quality and malnutrition. Therefore, this study aimed to determine seasonal effects on household food security status, diet quality, and nutritional status of urban poor adolescents in Malaysia. A cohort study was conducted among 164 adolescents aged 10-17 from 12 People Housing Programme in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia during the Northeast (November 2021 till March 2022) and Southwest (June 2022 till September 2022) monsoon. Household food security status was measured using the 18-item USDA Household Food Security Survey Module. Dietary intake was determined using a two-days 24-h dietary recall and translated into Standardized Malaysian Healthy Eating Index (S-MHEI). Anthropometric and haemoglobin level measurements were performed to determine nutritional status. Seasonality was found to have a significant effect on overall diet quality (p = 0.021), food groups such as fish (p < 0.001), meat/poultry/eggs (p = 0.003), and legumes/nuts (p < 0.001), and fat nutrient (p = 0.037) as well as anaemia status (p = 0.020) after controlling the confounders. Although food security did not vary with seasons, seasonality affected the consumption of certain food groups as well as anaemia status for urban poor adolescents. Seasonally sensitive nutrition initiatives should be developed to ensure diet adherence to recommendations, ultimately enhancing the diet quality of urban poor adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Ee Fang Tay
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Serene En Hui Tung
- Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Satvinder Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Ying Gan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nik Norasma Che'Ya
- Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Choon Hui Tan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ghani F, Wang H, Manning SE, Sambamoorthi U. Interactive association of chronic illness and food insecurity with emergency department utilization among school-age children in the United States: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1123. [PMID: 36814967 PMCID: PMC9940462 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Food insecurity combined with chronic disease conditions is a risk factor for Emergency Department (ED) utilization, an indicator of poor quality of care. However, such an association is not certain among school-age children with chronic conditions. Therefore, we aim to determine the association of food insecurity, chronic conditions, and ED utilization among school-age children in the United States. Methods We analyzed the data from the 2017 Medical expenditure panel survey (MEPS) among children aged 6-17 years (N = 5518). MEPS data was released electronically by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). We identified four groups of school-age children based on the presence of food security and chronic conditions: 1) with food insecurity and chronic conditions; 2) no food insecurity and chronic conditions; 3) with food insecurity and no chronic conditions; and 4) no food insecurity and no chronic conditions. We compared ED utilization among these four groups using incidence rate ratios (IRR) after adjusting children's age, sex, race and ethnicity, household income, insurance coverage, obesity, and geographic region using count data model, specifically multivariable Poison regression. We used SAS 9.4 and STATA 14.2 for all the data analyses. Results There were unweighted 5518 school-age children who represented weighted 50,479,419 school-age children in the final analysis. Overall, 6.0% had food insecurity with chronic conditions. These children had higher ED utilization (19.7%) than the other three groups (13.3%, 8.8%, and 7.2%, p < 0.001). The adjusted IRR of ED utilization among school-age children with food insecurity and chronic conditions was 1.90 (95% confidence interval 1.20-3.01, p = 0.007) compared with those with food security and chronic conditions. Conclusion One in 16 school-age children has both food insecurity and chronic conditions. Food insecurity was positively associated with frequent ED visits in the presence of chronic conditions. Therefore, addressing food insecurity may reduce the risk of ED visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farheen Ghani
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of PharmacyUniversity of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTexasUSA
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Emergency MedicineJPS Health NetworkFort WorthTexasUSA
| | | | - Usha Sambamoorthi
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of PharmacyUniversity of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTexasUSA
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Weigel MM, Armijos RX. Food insecurity is associated with self-reported oral health in school-age Ecuadorian children and is mediated by dietary and non-dietary factors. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:23-32. [PMID: 36172927 PMCID: PMC11077448 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022002166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main objective was to investigate the association of household food insecurity (HFI) with child oral health. A secondary objective was to explore potential dietary and non-dietary mediators of the HFI-child oral health relationship. DESIGN Cross-sectional data from the nationally representative Ecuadorian National Health and Nutrition Survey (2018) were analysed. The data included self-reported child oral health, HFI (Food Insecurity Experience Scale), diet (FFQ) and oral care behaviours (toothbrushing frequency, toothpaste use). The association of HFI with the reported number of oral health problems was examined with stereotype logistic regression. Parallel mediation analysis was used to explore potential dietary (highly fermentable carbohydrate foods, plain water) and non-dietary (toothbrushing) mediators of the HFI-oral health relationship. Bias-corrected standard errors and 95 % CI were obtained using non-parametric bootstrapping (10 000 repetitions). Effect size was measured by percent mediation (PM). SETTING Ecuador. PARTICIPANTS 5-17-year-old children (n 23 261). RESULTS HFI affected 23 % of child households. 38·5 % of children have at least one oral health problem. HFI was associated with a greater number of oral health problems: 1-2 problems (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1·37; 95 % CI (1·15, 1·58); P = 0·0001), 3-4 problems (AOR = 2·21; 95 % CI (1·98, 2·44); P = 0·0001), 5-6 problems (AOR = 2·57; 95 % CI (2·27, 2·88); P = 0·0001). The HFI-oral health relationship was partially mediated by highly fermentable carbohydrate foods (PM = 4·3 %), plain water (PM = 1·8 %) and toothbrushing frequency (PM = 3·3 %). CONCLUSIONS HFI was associated with poorer child oral health. The HFI-oral health relationship was partially mediated by dietary and non-dietary factors. Longitudinal studies are needed to replicate our findings and investigate the role of other potential mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Margaret Weigel
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Indiana University, School of Public Health, 1025 E. 7th Street, Bloomington, IN47403, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
- IU Center for Global Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rodrigo X Armijos
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Indiana University, School of Public Health, 1025 E. 7th Street, Bloomington, IN47403, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
- IU Center for Global Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Saxe-Custack A, Lofton H, Dawson C, Egan S, Hanna-Attisha M. “The Shelves Are Bare”: The Impact of COVID-19 on Families Enrolled in a Pediatric Produce Prescription Program. Cureus 2022; 14:e31540. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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11
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González-Treviño IM, Arrona-Palacios A, Núñez-Rocha GM, Jansen EC. Association between self-reported sleep duration and dietary quality in Mexican school-aged children. Appetite 2022; 178:106177. [PMID: 35853522 PMCID: PMC10103144 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Short sleep duration has been associated with poor diet quality in school-aged children in multiple populations. However, investigations of sleep and dietary quality in Mexican school-aged children are scarce. The main objective of this work was to assess the association between sleep duration and dietary quality in Mexican school-aged children stratified by sex. The data were collected from 373 (138 girls and 235 boys) elementary school children aged 6-12 years in Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Surveys collected information on general demographic characteristics and self-reported sleep duration. Diet was assessed with 24-h recalls, and dietary quality was calculated by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015). Results indicated that overall mean sleep duration was 8.23 ± 1.06 h. From the total sample, 6.7% slept ≤6 h (not recommended), 55.8% 7-8 h (may be appropriate), and 37.5% ≥ 9 h (recommended). Average total HEI-2015 score was 64.6 (out of possible 100), with boys having lower HEI-2015 scores than girls (57.7 vs 69.4). Moreover, girls and boys with shorter sleep duration (≤6 h compared to ≥ 9 h) had lower HEI-2015 scores (-1.03 [95% CI -2.74, -0.47; p < .01] and -1.78 [95% CI -3.15, -0.86; p < .001], respectively). Regarding the individual components of dietary quality, those with ≤6 h of sleep had lower scores particularly in vegetables, protein sources, added sugars and saturated fats for girls and boys compared to those with ≥9 h. These findings suggest sleep may be an important determinant of dietary practices within the Mexican children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arturo Arrona-Palacios
- Writing Lab, Institute for the Future of Education, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, NL, Mexico; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Erica C Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Association of Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Patterns with Insulin Resistance in Schoolchildren. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204232. [PMID: 36296916 PMCID: PMC9607022 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diet quality patterns are associated with a lower incidence of insulin resistance (IR) in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between two diet quality indices and IR in schoolchildren and to identify the best diet quality index associated with a lower risk of IR. Methods: A total of 854 schoolchildren (8−13 years) were included in a cross-sectional study, who completed a three-day dietary record to assess their diet. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin were also measured, and anthropometric data were collected. Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and adjusted DASH (aDASH) were calculated as diet quality indices. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used, and IR was defined as HOMA-IR > 3.16. Results: The prevalence of IR was 5.5%, and it was higher in girls. The mean HEI-2015 and DASH scores were 59.3 and 23.4, respectively, and boys scored lower in both indices. In girls, having a HEI-2015 score above the 33rd percentile was associated with a lower risk of IR (odds ratio [95% CI]: 0.43 [0.19−0.96], p = 0.020). Conclusion: Greater adherence to a healthy dietary pattern, as assessed by a higher HEI-2015 score, was associated with a lower risk of IR in schoolchildren, especially in girls.
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The Household Food Security and Feeding Pattern of Preschool Children in North-Central Nigeria. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194112. [PMID: 36235764 PMCID: PMC9572999 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Children’s feeding patterns and health outcomes are important determinants of any country’s food and nutrition security status. This study assessed the household food security and feeding patterns of preschoolers in Niger State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive design and a multi-stage sampling technique were employed to analyze 450 preschool children from selected local government areas. Household food security was measured using the HFIAS nine-item questionnaire, and feeding patterns were evaluated using the qualitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The mean age of the preschoolers was 3.71 ± 0.80 years. A majority (61.30%) of the children consumed cereal-based products, while fruits and vegetables were the least consumed (16.40%). More than half (59.80%) of the preschoolers met their minimum dietary diversity. Almost all (98.80%) of the children were from food-insecure households, with 40.3% being severely food insecure. Parity, religion, and having a breadwinner and source of potable water were significantly associated with the adequacy of minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among the preschoolers (F value = 5.528, p ≤ 0.05). The contribution of poor feeding patterns and household food insecurity to the overall health outcome of preschoolers cannot be overlooked. Hence, nations must prioritize improving the availability, accessibility, and utilization of food to better meet the nutritional needs of preschool children.
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Maldonado LE, Sotres-Alvarez D, Mattei J, Perreira KM, McClain AC, Gallo LC, Isasi CR, Albrecht SS. Food Insecurity and Cardiometabolic Markers: Results From the Study of Latino Youth. Pediatrics 2022; 149:e2021053781. [PMID: 35292821 PMCID: PMC9595113 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-053781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hispanic/Latino youth bear a disproportionate burden of food insecurity and poor metabolic outcomes, but research linking the two in this diverse population is lacking. We evaluated whether lower household and child food security (FS) were adversely associated with a metabolic syndrome (MetS) composite variable and clinically measured cardiometabolic markers: waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1325 Hispanic/Latino youth aged 8 to 16 years from the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth, a study of offspring of adults enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Survey/Study of Latinos. Multivariable regression analyses were used to assess relationships between household FS (high, marginal, low, very low) and child FS (high, marginal, low/very low) status, separately, and our dependent variables, adjusting for participant age, sex, site, parental education, and poverty-income ratio. RESULTS For both FS measures, youth in the lowest FS category had significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than those with high FS (household FS: -3.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -5.65 to -0.70, child FS: -1.81, 95% CI: -3.54 to -0.09). Low/very low versus high child FS was associated with greater fasting plasma glucose (β = 1.37, 95% CI: 0.08 to 2.65), triglycerides (β = 8.68, 95% CI: 1.75 to 15.61), and MetS expected log counts (β = 2.12, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.45). CONCLUSIONS Lower FS is associated with unfavorable MetS-relevant cardiometabolic markers in Hispanic/Latino youth. These findings also support the use of a child-level versus a household-level measure to capture the health implications of food insecurity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E. Maldonado
- Carolina Population Center
- Departments of Nutrition
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Krista M. Perreira
- Social Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Sandra S. Albrecht
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, New York
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Fram MS, Nguyen HT, Frongillo EA. Food Insecurity among Adolescent Students from 95 Countries Is Associated with Diet, Behavior, and Health, and Associations Differ by Student Age and Sex. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac024. [PMID: 35317415 PMCID: PMC8929982 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents' developmental tasks and challenges vary based on age, sex, and social context. Food insecurity affects adolescents, but existing research has been limited to a few country contexts and has treated adolescence as a singular developmental moment with limited consideration of potential differences in how food insecurity relates to developmental experiences based on adolescent age and sex. Objectives We aimed to describe relations between student-reported food insecurity and students' profiles of nutritional, physical activity, school absenteeism, health/mental health, and victimization experiences, and how these differ by student age and sex. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey, we examined adolescent reports of their food security among 337,738 students 11-18 y old from 95 countries. We identified their profiles of focal experiences, and used mixed-effects linear and logistic regression models to examine differences in these profiles by student food insecurity and how these differ by student age and sex. Results Of students, 25.5% aged 11-14 y compared with 30% aged 15-18 y reported food insecurity in the past 30 d. Food insecurity was associated with less frequent fruit and vegetable intake; more frequent soft drink intake; worse mental health; less physical activity; more missed school; higher odds of smoking, drinking, and using drugs; and more bullying victimization and sexual partners. Food insecurity was associated with reduced age- and sex-specific protection: greater substance use among younger adolescents, more sexual partners among older females, and greater worry among younger males. Food insecurity was also associated with increased age-specific risk: greater soft drink consumption among younger adolescents. Conclusions Across countries, adolescent food insecurity was associated with poorer nutritional, mental health, behavioral, and relationship profiles; these associations differed with student age and sex. Food insecurity interventions should attend to adolescent developmental stage and the gendered contexts through which adolescents navigate daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hoa T Nguyen
- Institute for Families in Society, College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Edward A Frongillo
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Influence of a Pediatric Fruit and Vegetable Prescription Program on Child Dietary Patterns and Food Security. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082619. [PMID: 34444778 PMCID: PMC8399668 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited access to fresh foods is a barrier to adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables among youth, particularly in low-income communities. The current study sought to examine preliminary effectiveness of a fruit and vegetable prescription program (FVPP), which provided one USD 15 prescription to pediatric patients during office visits. The central hypothesis was that exposure to this FVPP is associated with improvements in dietary patterns and food security. This non-controlled longitudinal intervention trial included a sample of caregiver–child dyads at one urban pediatric clinic who were exposed to the FVPP for 1 year. Patients received one USD 15 prescription for fresh produce during appointments. A consecutive sample of caregivers whose children were 8–18 years of age were invited to participate in the study. Dyads separately completed surveys that evaluated food security and dietary behaviors prior to receipt of their first prescription and again at 12 months. A total of 122 dyads completed surveys at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Approximately half of youth were female (52%), and most were African American (63%). Mean caregiver-reported household food security improved from baseline to 12 months (p < 0.001), as did mean child-reported food security (p = 0.01). Additionally, child-reported intake of vegetables (p = 0.001), whole grains (p = 0.001), fiber (p = 0.008), and dairy (p < 0.001) improved after 12 months of exposure to the FVPP. This study provides evidence that pediatric FVPPs may positively influence food security and the dietary patterns of children.
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Duke NN. Adolescent-Reported Food Insecurity: Correlates of Dietary Intake and School Lunch Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6647. [PMID: 34205568 PMCID: PMC8296325 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Much of what is known about food insecurity (FI) experiences for young people is based on caregiver report. As such, our understanding of relationships between youth FI and dietary intake (DI) may be limited, particularly among adolescents who often eat away from home. This study examined relationships between youth-reported past-month FI, past-week DI, and school lunch behavior. Data are from middle and high school participants in the 2019 Minnesota Student Survey (N = 125,375), one of the longest-running youth surveys in the US. Logistic regression assessed relationships between FI and DI, including fruit, vegetable, milk, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB), and fast food consumption, and school lunch behavior, adjusting for demographic, physical, and emotional health indicators. Past-month FI was associated with reduced odds of meeting minimum thresholds for daily fruit, vegetable, and milk intake, and increased odds of daily SSB and frequent fast food consumption. Among food-insecure students, no participation in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) or NSLP participation uncertainty was associated with increased odds of skipping lunch. Findings suggest the importance of clinical and community innovations to prevent the loss of nutritional quality in favor of energy density for youth and families experiencing FI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Nichele Duke
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Box 3675 Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
- Department of Sociology, Duke Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Household food insecurity and early childhood development in Brazil: an analysis of children under 2 years of age. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:3286-3293. [PMID: 34042045 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if household food insecurity (HFI) is associated with the risk of developmental delays. DESIGN Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of children under 2 years old. Risk of developmental delays was assessed with the Denver Developmental Screening Test II. HFI was measured with the Brazilian Food Insecurity Measurement Scale. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association between HFI (food secure/insecure) and risk of developmental delays, adjusting for household, maternal and child variables. SETTING Community Health Centers in the Federal District, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS 1004 children under 2 years old. RESULTS Among participants, 15 % were at risk of developmental delays and about 40 % of children lived in food-insecure households. HFI was associated with the risk of developmental delays (adjusted OR 2·61; 95 % CI 1·42, 4·80) compared with food-secure households after adjusting for key confounders. CONCLUSIONS HFI was strongly associated with the risk of developmental delays in children under 2 years. Investments that prevent or mitigate HFI are likely to be key for improved human and national development.
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Kang MG, Yook SM, Hwang JY. Is It What They Eat or How Much They Eat That Matters More in Adults with Food Insecurity in a Wealthy-Country Context? Nutrients 2021; 13:851. [PMID: 33807652 PMCID: PMC7999059 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether dietary quantity and/or quality differ according to food security levels in the Korean adult population. Dietary adequacy and quality were evaluated by the Korean Dietary Reference Intake and the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) for adults, respectively, according to three food security levels, i.e., food security, low food security, and very low food security. A total of 7144 Korean adults (aged 19 to 64 years) were selected from cross-sectional data from the 2013-2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The risk of inadequate nutrient intakes of protein (p trend = 0.021) and phosphorus (p trend = 0.002) increased according to food insecurity levels after adjustment for putative risk factors. The total KHEI scores (p < 0.001) as well as scores of having breakfast (p < 0.001) were lowest in the very low food security group. Among KHEI components, adults with food insecurity were less likely to get full scores from intakes of mixed grains (p trend = 0.016), total fruit (p trend = 0.039), fresh fruit (p trend = 0.043), and breakfast (p trend < 0.001). In addition, food-insecure adults were more likely to get zero score from intakes of fresh fruit (p trend = 0.020), milk and dairy products (p trend = 0.049), breakfast (p trend < 0.001), % of energy from sweets and beverages (p trend = 0.002), and total energy (p trend = 0.033). In conclusion, food security levels were associated with how much they ate, as well what they ate, in adults in South Korea. These results implied that the diet adequacy as well as moderation and balance could be carefully treated with food assistance or nutrition intervention once nutritional adequacy has mostly been met. In addition, targeted intervention programs tailored to diverse contexts for improving food insecurity may prevent unintended consequences due to easy access to inexpensive obesogenic foods in adults with food insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gyeong Kang
- Nutrition Education Major, Graduate School of Education, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea;
| | - Sung-Min Yook
- Department of Foodservice Management and Nutrition, Graduate School, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea;
| | - Ji-Yun Hwang
- Major of Foodservice Management and Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
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Félix-Beltrán L, Macinko J, Kuhn R. Maternal height and double-burden of malnutrition households in Mexico: stunted children with overweight or obese mothers. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:106-116. [PMID: 32867877 PMCID: PMC10049080 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002000292x 10.1017/s136898002000292x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between short maternal height and four types of mother-child nutritional status groupings within Mexican households. DESIGN We classified mother-child dyads into four groups: stunted child and a non-overweight/non-obese mother (stunting-only), non-stunted child and an overweight/obese mother (overweight-only), stunted child with an overweight/obese mother (double-burden) and households with neither child stunting nor overweight/obese mothers (neither-condition). We assessed the association between maternal height and mother-child nutrition status using multinomial logistic regression, controlling for socio-economic covariates. SETTING Nationally representative cross-section of households from the 2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey. PARTICIPANTS Children <5 years of age were matched to their mothers, resulting in a sample of 4706 mother-child dyads. RESULTS We found that among children with stunting, 53·3% have an overweight/obese mother. Double-burden was observed in 8·1% of Mexican households. Maternal short stature increased the probability of stunting-only by 3·5% points (p.p.) and double-burden by 9·7 p.p. (P < 0·05). The inverse association was observed for overweight-only and neither-condition households, where the probability of these outcomes decreased by 7·2 and 6 p.p. in households with short-statured mothers (P < 0·05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Women with short stature are more likely to develop overweight and simultaneously have a stunted child than those who are not short-statured. Our findings underline the challenges faced by public health systems, which have to balance the provision of services for both an undernourished and increasingly overweight/obese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Félix-Beltrán
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles90095, CA, USA
| | - James Macinko
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles90095, CA, USA
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Randall Kuhn
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Pérez-Escamilla R, Vilar-Compte M, Gaitan-Rossi P. Why identifying households by degree of food insecurity matters for policymaking. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gholampour T, Noroozi M, Zavoshy R, Mohammadpoorasl A, Ezzeddin N. Relationship Between Household Food Insecurity and Growth Disorders in Children Aged 3 to 6 in Qazvin City, Iran. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2020; 23:447-456. [PMID: 32953640 PMCID: PMC7481058 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2020.23.5.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Food insecurity, which is the inability to obtain food or inadequate food consumption in terms of quality and quantity, has physical and psychological consequences on children's health. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between children's growth disorders and food insecurity in Qazvin city, Iran. METHODS A case-control study was conducted on 177 cases and 355 controls of children aged 3 to 6 years, who were referred to health centers in Qazvin city. The case group consisted of children with growth disorders. Data were obtained with the 18-item US Department of Agriculture questionnaire, a household socioeconomic questionnaire, a and growth monitoring card. The data were analyzed with using IBM SPSS Version 22.0, by independent sample t-test, chi-square test, and logistic regression. RESULTS A significant relationship was found between children's growth disorders and household food insecurity with (p<0.05, odds ratio [OR]=17.0, confidence interval [CI]=5.9, 48.8) and without hunger (p<0.05, OR=2.69, CI=1.4, 4.9). There were also significant relationships between children's growth disorders and socioeconomic status (p<0.05, OR=3.4, CI=1.4, 8.5), the duration of breastfeeding (p<0.05, OR=0.94, CI=0.9, 0.98), and children's ages (p<0.05, OR=0.94, CI=0.92, 0.96). Sex and birth order, and the age of the parents was not found to be significantly related with growth disorders. CONCLUSION Lower socioeconomic status and household food insecurity were the important predictors of children's growth disorders. Policymakers should focus more on promoting steady employment and income among family members. Nutritional education for mothers is also recommended, in order to better meet the nutritional needs of the children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Gholampour
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mostafa Noroozi
- Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Rosa Zavoshy
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Asghar Mohammadpoorasl
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Ezzeddin
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Janmohamed A, Luvsanjamba M, Norov B, Batsaikhan E, Jamiyan B, Blankenship JL. Complementary feeding practices and associated factors among Mongolian children 6-23 months of age. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 16 Suppl 2:e12838. [PMID: 32835434 PMCID: PMC7591305 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about factors influencing children's dietary intake in Mongolia, a country undergoing rapid nutrition transition. Using nationally representative data from the 2017 Mongolia National Nutrition Survey, we assessed the nutritional status of children aged <2 years and examined household, maternal, and child factors associated with feeding practices among children aged 6–23 months (n = 938). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of minimum meal frequency (MMF), minimum dietary diversity (MDD), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD). The prevalence of child stunting (length/height‐for‐age Z‐score < −2 SD) was 6.3%, and the prevalence of overweight (weight‐for‐height Z‐score > +2 SD) was 16.8%. The prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency was 39.0% and 32.2%, respectively, and 73.5% and 85.5% of children had inadequate vitamin A and vitamin D status, respectively. Of children aged 6‐23 months, 92.1% (n = 864) had MMF, 49.6% (n = 465) had MDD, and 43.8% (n = 411) achieved MAD. Increased household wealth was positively associated with all three indicators, whereas severe food insecurity was not associated with MMF, MDD, or MAD. Older child age (odds ratio, 95% CI: 1.09 [1.06, 1.12]; p < .001) and maternal dietary diversity (odds ratio, 95% CI: 2.36 [1.67, 3.34]; p < .001) were positively associated with child MDD. Nutrition‐specific and nutrition‐sensitive efforts are needed to improve the dietary quality of infants and young children in Mongolia and reduce the high burdens of child micronutrient deficiency and overweight in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bolormaa Norov
- Mongolia National Center for Public Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
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Food insecurity is associated with compromised dietary intake and quality among Lebanese mothers: findings from a national cross-sectional study. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:2687-2699. [PMID: 32686641 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020000567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine the associations between household food insecurity (HFI) with sociodemographic, anthropometric and dietary intakes of mothers. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey (2014-2015). In addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire, data collection included the validated Arabic version of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, which was used to evaluate HFI. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-h dietary recall of a single habitual day, and maternal BMI was calculated based on weight and height measurements. Associations between HFI and maternal dietary intake (food groups, energy and macronutrients' intake) were examined. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the associations between HFI status with odds of maternal overweight and measures of diet quality and diversity (Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of Reproductive Age (MDD-W)). SETTING Lebanon. PARTICIPANTS Mothers, nationally representative sample of Lebanese households with children (n 1204). RESULTS HFI was experienced among almost half of the study sample. Correlates of HFI were low educational attainment, unemployment and crowding. Significant inverse associations were observed between HFI and dietary HEI (OR 0·64, 95 % CI 0·46, 0·90, P = 0·011) and MDD-W (OR 0·6, 95 % CI 0·42, 0·85, P = 0·004), even after adjusting for socioeconomic correlates. No significant association was observed between HFI and odds of maternal overweight status. CONCLUSIONS HFI was associated with compromised maternal dietary quality and diversity. Findings highlight the need for social welfare programmes and public health interventions to alleviate HFI and promote overall health and wellbeing of mothers.
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Park S, Kim HJ, Kim K. Do Where The Elderly Live Matter? Factors Associated with Diet Quality among Korean Elderly Population Living in Urban Versus Rural Areas. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1314. [PMID: 32380737 PMCID: PMC7284551 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine whether there is an area difference on diet quality among the Korean elderly population. The effect of personal factors on diet quality is also estimated and compared between rural and urban areas. A cross-sectional data from the 2013-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) was used for this study. The participants were older adults aged ≥ 65 years (n = 3207) who participated in the KNHANES. Urban and rural areas classified the region and the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) assessed the diet quality. Personal factors that were related to diet quality included socio-demographic factors, health behaviors, and health conditions. This study found that the diet quality was different between urban and rural areas in the Korean elderly population, showing a higher mean of KHEI scores in urban areas than rural areas (67.3 for urban seniors, 63.6 for rural seniors, p < 0.001), and the regional difference was still significant, even after adjusting for the personal factors (p < 0.001). Different sets of personal factors were found to be significant that explain the diet quality of participants between areas, such as economic resources, walking exercise, and perceived oral health status in urban areas, and age and food insecurity in rural areas. In conclusions, this study found that there was a regional disparity in diet quality and some personal factors affecting diet quality were dependent on areas, which implied that regional environment with diverse contexts could influence diet quality. These findings emphasize the need to provide targeted intervention programs that take into account both the characteristics of individuals and local food environments in order to improve the overall diet quality in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 24252 Chuncheon, Korea;
| | - Hyun Ja Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 25457 Gangneung, Korea
| | - Kirang Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, 31116 Cheonan, Korea
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Pandey S, Fusaro V. Food insecurity among women of reproductive age in Nepal: prevalence and correlates. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:175. [PMID: 32019537 PMCID: PMC7001376 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity is widely prevalent in certain sections of society in low and middle-income countries. The United Nations has challenged all member countries to eliminate hunger for all people by 2030. This study examines the prevalence and correlates of household food insecurity among women, especially Dalit women of reproductive age in Nepal. METHODS Data came from 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Survey, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey that included 12,862 women between 15 and 49 years of age of which 12% were Dalit. Descriptive analysis was used to assess the prevalence of household food insecurity while logistic regression examined the relationship between women's ethnicity and the risk of food insecurity after accounting for demographic, economic, cultural, and geo-ecological characteristics. RESULTS About 56% of all women and 76% of Dalit women had experienced food insecurity. Ethnicity is strongly related to food insecurity. Dalit women were most likely to be food insecure, even after accounting for factors such as education and wealth. They were 82, 85, 89 and 92% more vulnerable to food insecurity than Muslims, Brahmin/Chhetri, Terai Indigenous, and Hill Indigenous populations, respectively. Education was a protective factor-women with secondary education (6th to 10th grade) were 39% less likely to be food insecure compared to their counterparts without education. With a more than 10th grade education, women were 2.27 times more likely to be food secure compared to their counterparts without education. Marriage was also protective. Economically, household wealth is inversely correlated with food insecurity. Finally, residence in the Mid-Western, Far-Western and Central Development regions was correlated with food insecurity. CONCLUSION To reduce food insecurity in Nepal, interventions should focus on improving women's education and wealth, especially among Dalit and those residing in the Far- and Mid-Western regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanta Pandey
- Boston College School of Social Work, McGuinn Hall, Room 311, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
| | - Vincent Fusaro
- Boston College School of Social Work, McGuinn Hall, Room 311, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA
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Naja F, Itani L, Kharroubi S, Diab El Harake M, Hwalla N, Jomaa L. Food insecurity is associated with lower adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern among Lebanese adolescents: a cross-sectional national study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:3281-3292. [PMID: 31900578 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To derive dietary patterns (DPs) of Lebanese adolescents (10-18 years) and evaluate associations between identified DPs and household food insecurity (HFI). METHODS Data on adolescents (n = 693) were drawn from a national survey conducted in 2015 on a representative sample of Lebanese households with children. In addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire, data collection included the validated Arabic-version of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, used to evaluate HFI. Dietary intake was assessed using a 187-item validated food frequency questionnaire. Associations between HFI scores and DPs were examined using multiple linear regressions. RESULTS HFI was observed in 55.2% of the study sample. Two DPs were derived among adolescents: Western and Lebanese-Mediterranean (LM). The Western DP was characterized by higher consumption of sweetened beverages, fast foods, sweets, and refined grains, whereas the LM DP was characterized by higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and whole grains. Scores of the Western DP were negatively associated with fiber, calcium, iron, and vitamins A and D, while the LM DP scores were positively correlated with fiber, proteins, iron, calcium, and vitamins A and D (p < 0.01). LM DP scores were also negatively correlated with total fat, saturated and polyunsaturated fats, p < 0.05. After adjustment for sociodemographics, multiple linear regression showed that higher HFI scores were associated with lower adherence to LM DP among adolescents (β = - 0.026, 95% CI - 0.046, - 0.006). CONCLUSIONS HFI was associated with lower adherence to the Mediterranean pattern among Lebanese adolescents. Preventive strategies are needed to promote better diet quality among food-insecure youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, PO Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2809, Lebanon
| | - Samer Kharroubi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Marwa Diab El Harake
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Lamis Jomaa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107-2020, Lebanon.
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Kuche D, Moss C, Eshetu S, Ayana G, Salasibew M, Dangour AD, Allen E. Factors associated with dietary diversity and length-for-age z-score in rural Ethiopian children aged 6-23 months: A novel approach to the analysis of baseline data from the Sustainable Undernutrition Reduction in Ethiopia evaluation. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 16:e12852. [PMID: 31124274 PMCID: PMC7038872 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Infants and young children need diets high in nutrient density and diversity to meet the requirements of rapid growth and development. Our aim was to evaluate sociodemographic, agricultural diversity, and women's empowerment factors associated with child dietary diversity and length-for-age z-score (LAZ) in children 6-23 months using data collected as part of the Sustainable Undernutrition Reduction in Ethiopia (SURE) evaluation study baseline survey in May-June 2016. We here present a novel analysis using directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to represent our assumptions about the causal influences between the factors of interest and the outcomes. The causal diagrams enabled the identification of variables to be included in multivariable analysis to estimate the total effects of factors of interest using ordinal logistic/linear regression models. We found that child dietary diversity was positively associated with LAZ with children consuming 4 or more food groups having on average an LAZ score 0.42 (95% CI [0.08, 0.77]) higher than those consuming no complementary foods. Household production of fruits and vegetables was associated with both increased child dietary diversity (adjusted OR 1.16; 95% CI [1.09, 1.24]) and LAZ (adjusted mean difference 0.05; 95% CI [0.005, 0.10]). Other factors positively associated with child dietary diversity included age in months, socio-economic status, maternal education, women's empowerment and dietary diversity, paternal childcare support, household food security, fruit and vegetable cultivation, and land ownership. LAZ was positively associated with age, socio-economic status, maternal education, fruit and vegetable production, and land ownership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desalegn Kuche
- Food Science and Nutrition Research DirectorateEthiopian Public Health InstituteAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Cami Moss
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
| | - Solomon Eshetu
- Food Science and Nutrition Research DirectorateEthiopian Public Health InstituteAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Girmay Ayana
- Food Science and Nutrition Research DirectorateEthiopian Public Health InstituteAddis AbabaEthiopia
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Sutyawan S, Khomsan A, Sukandar D. Pengembangan Indeks Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga dan Kaitannya dengan Tingkat Kecukupan Zat Gizi dan Status Gizi Anak Balita. AMERTA NUTRITION 2019. [DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v3i4.2019.201-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Household food insecurity is a underlaying causes on undernutrition problems in children under five years. Household food security especially from food acces dimention is reflected from many indicators that are complex and easier to understand in a composite index. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a index of household food security and its relationship to nutrient intake level and nutritional status in children under five years. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in four villages in West Bangka Regency in December 2018 until April 2019. The study involved 219 subjects consisting of mothers and children aged 12-59 months. Data were analyzed using Rank Spearman relationship test. Results: The validation results showed that the index score has a negatively correlation (p<0.01) with the proportion of food expenditure and it has a significant correlation with dietary diversity (HDDS Score). In addition, the index score was a significant correlation (p<0.01) with the level of adequacy of energy, protein, fat, calcium, iron, zinc and dietary diversity in children. The index score was a significant associated (p<0.01) with the nutritional status of children based on height for age, weight gor age, and height for wight. Conclusions: The index was developed from this study can be an alternative to evaluate the status of household food security level and stronger marker of food consumption and nutritional status of under five children.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Kondisi rawan pangan pada rumah tangga merupakan salah satu penyebab masalah kekurangan gizi pada anak berusia di bawah lima tahun. Ketahanan pangan rumah tangga tercermin dari banyak indikator yang kompleks dan lebih mudah dipahami dalam indeks komposit.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan indeks ketahanan pangan rumah tangga serta hubungannya dengan tingkat asupan gizi dan status gizi pada anak balita.Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional ini dilakukan di empat desa di Kabupaten Bangka Barat. Penelitian ini melibatkan 219 subjek yang terdiri dari anak berusia 12-59 bulan dan ibu dari anak. Data dianalis menggunakan uji beda Kruskal Wallis dan uji hubungan Rank Spearman.Hasil: Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa skor indeks memiliki perbedaan yang nyata (p<0,05) berdasarkan tingkat kerentanan pangan wilayah dan terdapat hubungan negatif yang kuat (p<0,05) dengan proporsi pengeluaran pangan. Selain itu, skor indeks memiliki keterkaitan yang kuat (p<0,05) dengan tingkat kecukupan energi, protein, lemak, kalsium, besi, seng serta keragaman diet pada balita. Skor indeks juga memiliki hubungan yang nyata (p<0,05) dengan nilai z-score status gizi balita berdasarkan indeks antropometri tinggi badan menurut usia, berat badan menurut umur, dan tinggi badan menurut berat badan.Kesimpulan: Indeks yang dikembangkan dari penelitian ini dapat menjadi alternatif dalam menilai status ketahanan pangan rumah tangga serta prediktor yang kuat dalam melihat gambaran konsumsi pangan dan status gizi balita.
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Sámano R, Hernández-Chávez C, Chico-Barba G, Córdova-Barrios A, Morales-Del-Olmo M, Sordo-Figuero H, Hernández M, Merino-Palacios C, Cervantes-Zamora L, Martínez-Rojano H. Breakfast Nutritional Quality and Cognitive Interference in University Students from Mexico City. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16152671. [PMID: 31357381 PMCID: PMC6695580 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Skipping breakfast might have an impact on cognitive functions, such as interference, which is a basic capacity of executive functions that denotes the possibility of controlling an automated response. This study aimed to analyze the association between nutritional quality of breakfast and cognitive interference in a sample of university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted, a total of 422 students between 18 and 25 years participated. Cognitive interference was assessed with the Stroop Test. Breakfast was assessed with a questionnaire assigning a score for each serving of each food group that was consumed. Logistic regression models were performed. The performance in cognitive tasks was slower in those who had a poor breakfast (32.9 ± 6 vs 29.3 ± 6 s, p < 0.050). Poor cognitive interference was greater in students with poor breakfast (53% versus 23%, p = 0.001). A slower word reading was associated with skipping vegetables (OR: 2.78, 95% CI: 0.09-2.13), and cereals (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.03-2.81). Wrong color identification was associated with skipping fruits (OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.43-1.99) and animal protein sources (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.07-2.49). Skipping fat-rich cereals was a protector factor (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36-0.85). Difficulty in the ability to inhibit interference was associated with skipping vegetables (OR: 2.72, 95% CI: 1.25-4.80) and cereals (OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.28-4.68). The nutritional quality of breakfast was associated with the time spent answering the Stroop test, but not with cognitive interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyna Sámano
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Ciudad de México CP 11000, México
| | - Carmen Hernández-Chávez
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Ciudad de México CP 11000, México.
| | - Gabriela Chico-Barba
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Ciudad de México CP 11000, México
- Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Panamericana, Augusto Rodin 498, Insurgentes Mixcoac, Alcaldía Benito Juárez CP 03920, México
| | - Armando Córdova-Barrios
- Coordinación de Psicología, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Montes Urales 800, Miguel Hidalgo, Lomas Virreyes, Ciudad de México CP 11000, México
| | - Mayela Morales-Del-Olmo
- Universidad del Valle de México-Chapultepec, Avenida Observatorio 400, 16 de Septiembre, Ciudad de México CP 11810, México
| | - Hortensia Sordo-Figuero
- Universidad del Valle de México-Chapultepec, Avenida Observatorio 400, 16 de Septiembre, Ciudad de México CP 11810, México
| | - Miguel Hernández
- Universidad del Valle de México-Chapultepec, Avenida Observatorio 400, 16 de Septiembre, Ciudad de México CP 11810, México
| | - Carmen Merino-Palacios
- Universidad del Valle de México-Chapultepec, Avenida Observatorio 400, 16 de Septiembre, Ciudad de México CP 11810, México
| | - Lucero Cervantes-Zamora
- Universidad del Valle de México-Chapultepec, Avenida Observatorio 400, 16 de Septiembre, Ciudad de México CP 11810, México
| | - Hugo Martínez-Rojano
- Departamento de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Colonia Casco de Santo Tomas, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México CP 11340, México
- Coordinación de Medicina Laboral, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Secretaría de Salud, Francisco de P, Miranda 177, col. Unidad Lomas de Plateros Alcaldía Álvaro Obregón C.P, Ciudad de México 01480, México
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Christian AK, Marquis GS, Colecraft EK, Lartey A, Soueida R. Household food insecurity but not dietary diversity is associated with children's mean micronutrient density adequacy in rural communities across Ghana. Nutrition 2019; 65:97-102. [PMID: 31079019 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine predictors of household food insecurity, dietary diversity, and children's mean micronutrient density adequacy and the relationship among these dietary measures. METHOD Baseline analysis of a quasi-experimental 16-mo intervention study conducted in 12 rural communities in the three main agroecological zones in Ghana. The study included 608 caregivers with their 2- to 5-y-old children. Nutrient density adequacy was estimated for a subsample of 120 children. RESULTS Food insecurity was more severe among farming households than their non-farming counterparts (P = 0.032). Dietary diversity score was significantly higher among non-farming households than farming households (P < 0.001). Food insecurity was negatively correlated with both household dietary diversity (r = -0.385; P < 0.001) and child mean micronutrient adequacy (r = -0.305; P < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between dietary diversity and children's mean micronutrient density adequacy. Belonging to a household that is severely food insecure and household size were significant predictors of children's mean micronutrient density adequacy (ß = -0.124, P = 0.006; ß = 0.011, P = 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSION Household food insecurity continues to be a good indicator of lower nutrient intake in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Kobina Christian
- Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS), University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Grace S Marquis
- School of Dietetics and Human, Nutrition McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC Canada
| | - Esi K Colecraft
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Accra, Ghana
| | - Anna Lartey
- Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
| | - Rula Soueida
- Nursing Research Centre of the Jewish General Hospital, affiliated with McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC Canada
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Mundo-Rosas V, Vizuet-Vega NI, Martínez-Domínguez J, Morales-Ruán MDC, Pérez-Escamilla R, Shamah-Levy T. [Evolution of food insecurity in Mexican households: 2012-2016]. SALUD PUBLICA DE MEXICO 2019; 60:309-318. [PMID: 29746748 DOI: 10.21149/8809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe three relevant aspects of household food insecurity (FI) in Mexico: its magnitude, its distribution by social and nutritional vulnerability characteristics; its evolution between 2012 and 2016 and the effect of food assistance programs on FI in Mexican households. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data on 9 019 households were drawn from the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut 2016 for its Spanish initials) and were compared with data from the 2012 Ensanut. An analysis of differences in differences was made to measure the effect of food assis-tance programs on the evolution of FI. RESULTS As many as 69.5% of households were classified as FI. Families located in rural areas (78.0%) and residing in southern Mexico (76.3%). Households with support from a food assistance program experienced a decrease in moderate and severe FI between 2012 and 2016. CONCLUSIONS Findings can be used to design and target public policies seeking to improve food security governance in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Centro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Keats EC, Rappaport AI, Shah S, Oh C, Jain R, Bhutta ZA. The Dietary Intake and Practices of Adolescent Girls in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121978. [PMID: 30558128 PMCID: PMC6315365 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) the double burden of malnutrition is high among adolescent girls, leading to poor health outcomes for the adolescent herself and sustained intergenerational effects. This underpins the importance of adequate dietary intake during this period of rapid biological development. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the current dietary intake and practices among adolescent girls (10–19 years) in LMICs. We searched relevant databases and grey literature using MeSH terms and keywords. After applying specified inclusion and exclusion criteria, 227 articles were selected for data extraction, synthesis, and quality assessment. Of the included studies, 59% were conducted in urban populations, 78% in school settings, and dietary measures and indicators were inconsistent. Mean energy intake was lower in rural settings (1621 ± 312 kcal/day) compared to urban settings (1906 ± 507 kcal/day). Self-reported daily consumption of nutritious foods was low; on average, 16% of girls consumed dairy, 46% consumed meats, 44% consumed fruits, and 37% consumed vegetables. In contrast, energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods, like sweet snacks, salty snacks, fast foods, and sugar-sweetened beverages, were consumed four to six times per week by an average of 63%, 78%, 23%, and 49% of adolescent girls, respectively. 40% of adolescent girls reported skipping breakfast. Along with highlighting the poor dietary habits of adolescent girls in LMIC, this review emphasizes the need for consistently measured and standardized indicators, and dietary intake data that are nationally representative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Keats
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
| | - Aviva I Rappaport
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
| | - Shailja Shah
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
| | - Christina Oh
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
| | - Reena Jain
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
| | - Zulfiqar A Bhutta
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Division of Woman and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
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Mazidi M, Vatanparast H. Serum trans-fatty acids level are positively associated with lower food security among american adults. Nutr Diabetes 2018; 8:17. [PMID: 29549245 PMCID: PMC5856754 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-017-0008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the current study we aimed to assess whether the food security is associated with serum trans-fatty acids (TFAs) and dietary fat. METHODS Analyses were restricted to participants (from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) with data available on serum and diet TFAs and food security status from 2009 to 2010. All statistical analyses (analysis of covariance and linear regression) accounted for the survey design and sample weights. RESULTS We included 3876 participants, overall (48.6%) participants were men, and (51.4%) were women, generally (69.0%) had high food security. Subjects with higher food security had a higher level of education as well (p < 0.001). Age-adjusted, sex-adjusted, race-adjusted, education-adjusted mean of trans 9-octadecenoic acid and trans-9, trans-12-octadecadienoic acid were higher in plasma of participants with lower food security (all p < 0.001), moreover in same model there was a significant positive association between plasma level of trans-11-octadecenoic acid, trans-9-octadecenoic acid and trans-9, trans-12-octadecadienoic acid and score of food security. Further, age, sex, race, education, and energy intake adjusted mean of dietary fatty acids show that total polyunsaturated fatty acids are higher in subjects with higher food security (p = 0.026) while, cholesterol consumption is higher in subjects with lower food security (p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide more evidence on the association between food insecurity and the higher level of TFAs in serum and different type of fat in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mazidi
- Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, International College, The University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hassan Vatanparast
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition/School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Rodríguez LA, Mundo‐Rosas V, Méndez‐Gómez‐Humarán I, Pérez‐Escamilla R, Shamah‐Levy T. Dietary quality and household food insecurity among Mexican children and adolescents. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2017; 13:e12372. [PMID: 27863001 PMCID: PMC6866226 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Seventy percent of Mexican households experience some level of food insecurity (FI). Studies have shown positive associations between FI and poor dietary quality. As far as it is known, this is the first time the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) has been used to assess dietary quality of children and adolescents in Mexico, and to examine if FI is related to it. The objective of this research is to assess dietary quality and its association with FI among Mexican children and adolescents from a nationally representative cross-sectional sample. We analyzed data from 4635 2-19-year-old Mexican children and adolescents participating in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut 2012). FI was measured using the Latin American and Caribbean Household Food Security Scale (ELCSA) and dietary quality with the HEI-2010. We examined the association between FI and dietary quality using multivariate linear regressions. Dietary quality was worst as FI became more severe among children and adolescents compared with their counterparts living in households with food security. Specifically, FI had a negative association with fruits, vegetables, and protein foods, and a positive association with refined grains consumption. Dairy intake was negatively associated with FI among older children and adolescents. Added sugars were not associated with FI, but intake was excessive across the population at 15% of total daily energy intake. Decreasing FI may help improve dietary quality of Mexican children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Rodríguez
- Berkeley School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- San Francisco School of Medicine, Epidemiology & BiostatisticsUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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Jomaa L, Naja F, Cheaib R, Hwalla N. Household food insecurity is associated with a higher burden of obesity and risk of dietary inadequacies among mothers in Beirut, Lebanon. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:567. [PMID: 28606120 PMCID: PMC5469040 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed evidence exists with respect to the association between household food insecurity (HFIS) and obesity in low-to-middle income countries (LMICs), particularly among women. This study aimed to measure socioeconomic correlates of HFIS and explores its association with dietary intake and odds of obesity among mothers in Lebanon, a middle-income country undergoing nutrition transition. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of households (n = 378) in Beirut, Lebanon. Surveys were completed with mothers of children <18 years. HFIS was measured using a locally-validated, Arabic-translated Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). Dietary intake was assessed using the multiple pass 24-h recall method. Associations between HFIS (food vs food insecure) and socio-demographic characteristics were reported using crude and adjusted odds ratios. The odds of consuming <2/3rd Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for nutrients among mothers from food secure and food insecure households were explored. In addition, logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the association of HFIS with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and at-risk waist circumference (WC ≥ 80 cm) among mothers. RESULTS HFIS was found among 50% of study sample and was inversely associated with household income and mother's educational level, even after adjusting for other socioeconomic variables (p < 0.01). Mothers in food insecure households reported consuming significantly less dairy products, fruits, and nuts yet more breads and sweets; and they had higher odds of consuming <2/3rd the DRI's for key micronutrients (potassium, folate, and vitamin C) compared to secure ones. Adjusting for socioeconomic correlates, food insecure mothers had 1.73 odds of obesity (95% CI: 1.02-2.92) compared to food secure mothers. CONCLUSIONS High HFIS prevalence was reported among urban Lebanese households. Mothers from food insecure households had a high risk of dietary inadequacy and obesity. Adequate evidence-based public health strategies are needed to reduce the vulnerability of mothers to food insecurity in LMIC settings and alleviate their risk of a high burden of nutrient insecurity and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamis Jomaa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0.236 , Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020 Lebanon
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0.236 , Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020 Lebanon
| | - Ruba Cheaib
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0.236 , Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020 Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0.236 , Riad El Solh, Beirut, 11072020 Lebanon
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