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Chen M, Zheng Y, Zhai X, Ma F, Chen J, Stevens C, Zhang WH, Tian Q. Metal ions steer the duality in microbial community recovery from nitrogen enrichment by shaping functional groups. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17475. [PMID: 39149922 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has been substantially reduced due to declines in the reactive N emission in major regions of the world. Nevertheless, the impact of reduced N deposition on soil microbial communities and the mechanisms by which they are regulated remain largely unknown. Here, we examined the effects of N addition and cessation of N addition on plant and soil microbial communities through a 17-year field experiment in a temperate grassland. We found that extreme N input did not irreversibly disrupt the ecosystem, but ceasing high levels of N addition led to greater resilience in bacterial and fungal communities. Fungi exhibited diminished resilience compared to bacteria due to their heightened reliance on changes in plant communities. Neither bacterial nor fungal diversity fully recovered to their original states. Their sensitivity and resilience were mainly steered by toxic metal ions and soil pH differentially regulating on functional taxa. Specifically, beneficial symbiotic microbes such as N-fixing bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi experienced detrimental effects from toxic metal ions and lower pH, hindering their recovery. The bacterial functional groups involved in carbon decomposition, and ericoid mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi were positively influenced by soil metals, and demonstrated gradual recovery. These findings could advance our mechanistic understanding of microbial community dynamics under ongoing global changes, thereby informing management strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of N enrichment on soil function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiufeng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangling Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Carly Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Wen-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuying Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Liu L, Gao Z, Li H, Yang W, Yang Y, Lin J, Wang Z, Liu J. Thresholds of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Input Substantially Alter Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities and Wheat Yield in Dryland Farmland. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10236-10246. [PMID: 38647353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are essential for preserving the multifunctionality of ecosystems. The nitrogen (N)/phosphorus (P) threshold that causes notable variations in the AM fungus community of the soil and plant productivity is still unclear. Herein, a long-term (18 years) field experiment with five N and five P fertilizer levels was conducted to investigate the change patterns of soil AM fungus, multifunctionality, and wheat yield. High-N and -P fertilizer inputs did not considerably increase the wheat yield. In the AM fungal network, a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between ecosystem multifunctionality and the biodiversity of two primary ecological clusters (N: Module #0 and P: Module #3). Furthermore, fertilizer input thresholds for N (92-160 kg ha-1) and P (78-100 kg ha-1) significantly altered the AM fungal community, soil characteristics, and plant productivity. Our study provided a basis for reduced N and P fertilizer application and sustainable agricultural development from the aspect of soil AM fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhiyuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiangyun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jinshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Corrêa A, Ferrol N, Cruz C. Testing the trade-balance model: resource stoichiometry does not sufficiently explain AM effects. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1561-1575. [PMID: 38009528 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Variations in arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) effects on plant growth (MGR) are commonly assumed to result from cost : benefit balances, with C as the cost and, most frequently, P as the benefit. The trade-balance model (TBM) adopts these assumptions and hypothesizes that mycorrhizal benefit depends on C : N : P stoichiometry. Although widely accepted, the TBM has not been experimentally tested. We isolated the parameters included in the TBM and tested these assumptions using it as framework. Oryza sativa plants were supplied with different N : P ratios at low light level, establishing different C : P and C : N exchange rates, and C, N or P limitation. MGR and effects on nutrient uptake, %M, ERM, photosynthesis and shoot starch were measured. C distribution to AM fungi played no role in MGR, and N was essential for all AM effects, including on P nutrition. C distribution to AM and MGR varied with the limiting nutrient (N or P), and evidence of extensive interplay between N and P was observed. The TBM was not confirmed. The results agreed with the exchange of surplus resources and source-sink regulation of resource distribution among plants and AMF. Rather than depending on exchange rates, resource exchange may simply obey both symbiont needs, not requiring further regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Corrêa
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuria Ferrol
- Department of Soil and Plant Microbiology, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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Peng Z, Johnson NC, Jansa J, Han J, Fang Z, Zhang Y, Jiang S, Xi H, Mao L, Pan J, Zhang Q, Feng H, Fan T, Zhang J, Liu Y. Mycorrhizal effects on crop yield and soil ecosystem functions in a long-term tillage and fertilization experiment. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1798-1813. [PMID: 38155454 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
It is well understood that agricultural management influences arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, but there is controversy about whether farmers should manage for AM symbiosis. We assessed AM fungal communities colonizing wheat roots for three consecutive years in a long-term (> 14 yr) tillage and fertilization experiment. Relationships among mycorrhizas, crop performance, and soil ecosystem functions were quantified. Tillage, fertilizers and continuous monoculture all reduced AM fungal richness and shifted community composition toward dominance of a few ruderal taxa. Rhizophagus and Dominikia were depressed by tillage and/or fertilization, and their abundances as well as AM fungal richness correlated positively with soil aggregate stability and nutrient cycling functions across all or no-tilled samples. In the field, wheat yield was unrelated to AM fungal abundance and correlated negatively with AM fungal richness. In a complementary glasshouse study, wheat biomass was enhanced by soil inoculum from unfertilized, no-till plots while neutral to depressed growth was observed in wheat inoculated with soils from fertilized and conventionally tilled plots. This study demonstrates contrasting impacts of low-input and conventional agricultural practices on AM symbiosis and highlights the importance of considering both crop yield and soil ecosystem functions when managing mycorrhizas for more sustainable agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Nancy Collins Johnson
- School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86001, USA
| | - Jan Jansa
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiayao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhou Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shengjing Jiang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Hao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lin Mao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jianbin Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huyuan Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tinglu Fan
- Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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5
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Chen X, Zhu Y, Feng M, Li J, Shi M. Community responses of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi to hydrological gradients in a riparian Phragmites australis wetland. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11271. [PMID: 38617102 PMCID: PMC11009486 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The hydrological regime is considered to be the major factor that affects the distribution of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi in wetlands. We aimed to investigate the responses of AM fungal community to different hydrological gradients. Illumina Miseq sequencing technology was used to study the AM fungal community structure in roots and rhizosphere soils of Phragmites australis in different moisture areas (dry area, alternating wet and dry area, and flooded area) in Mengjin Yellow River wetland. The rhizosphere soils and roots hosted different AM fungal communities. In roots, the AM fungal colonization and Chao1 richness in dry area were significantly higher than that in alternating wet and dry area and flooded area, but the community composition did not vary clearly under different water conditions. In rhizosphere soils, the Chao1 richness of AM fungi in flooded area was significantly higher than that in alternating wet and dry area and dry area, and the AM fungal community structure obviously differed across different areas. The redundancy analyses indicated that changes in the AM fungal community in soils were associated with altered soil properties, and the abundance of the dominant genus Glomus was mostly positively correlated with alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen in soils. This study helps us to understand the responses of AM fungal community to hydrological gradients in wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue‐dong Chen
- College of Life ScienceLuoyang Normal UniversityLuoyangChina
- West Henan Yellow River Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research StationLuoyang Normal UniversityLuoyangChina
| | - Ying Zhu
- College of Life ScienceLuoyang Normal UniversityLuoyangChina
| | - Mei‐na Feng
- College of Life ScienceLuoyang Normal UniversityLuoyangChina
| | - Ji‐hang Li
- College of Life ScienceLuoyang Normal UniversityLuoyangChina
| | - Ming‐yan Shi
- College of Life ScienceLuoyang Normal UniversityLuoyangChina
- West Henan Yellow River Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research StationLuoyang Normal UniversityLuoyangChina
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Zhang C, Xiang X, Yang T, Liu X, Ma Y, Zhang K, Liu X, Chu H. Nitrogen fertilization reduces plant diversity by changing the diversity and stability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community in a temperate steppe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170775. [PMID: 38331277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition resulting from anthropogenic activities poses threats to ecosystem stability by reducing plant and microbial diversity. However, the role of soil microbes, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), as mediators of N-induced shifts in plant diversity remains unclear. In this study, we conducted 6 and 11 years of N addition field experiments in a temperate steppe to investigate AMF richness and network stability and their associations with plant species richness in response to N deposition. The N fertilization, especially in the 11 years of N addition, profoundly decreased the AMF richness and plant species richness. Furthermore, N fertilization significantly decreased the AMF network complexity and stability, with these effects becoming more enhanced with the increase in N addition duration. AMF richness and network stability showed positive associations with plant diversity, and these associations were stronger after 11 than 6 years of N addition. Our findings suggest that N deposition may lead to plant diversity loss via a reduction of AMF richness and network stability, with these effects strengthened over time. This study provides a better understanding of plant-AMF interactions and their response to the prevailing global N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingjia Xiang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Teng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaoping Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuejun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management (SKL-NUM), College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haiyan Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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7
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Cui N, Veresoglou S, Tian Y, Guo R, Zhang L, Jiang L, Kang F, Yuan W, Hou D, Shi L, Guo J, Sun M, Zhang T. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi offset NH 3 emissions in temperate meadow soil under simulated warming and nitrogen deposition. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120239. [PMID: 38354607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Most soil ammonia (NH3) emissions originate from soil nitrogen (N) that has been in the form of exchangeable ammonium. Emitted NH3 not only induces nutrient loss but also has adverse effects on the cycling of N and accelerates global warming. There is evidence that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can alleviate N loss by reducing N2O emissions in N-limited ecosystems, however, some studies have also found that global changes, such as warming and N deposition, can affect the growth and development of AM fungi and alter their functionality. Up to now, the impact of AM fungi on NH3 emissions, and whether global changes reduce the AM fungi's contribution to NH3 emissions reduction, has remained unclear. In this study, we examined how warming, N addition, and AM fungi alter NH3 emissions from high pH saline soils typical of a temperate meadow through a controlled microscopic experiment. The results showed that warming significantly increased soil NH3 emissions, but N addition and combined warming plus N addition had no impact. Inoculations with AM fungi strongly reduced NH3 emissions both under warming and N addition, but AM fungi effects were more pronounced under warming than following N addition. Inoculation with AM fungi reduced soil NH4+-N content and soil pH, and increased plant N content and soil net N mineralization rate while increasing the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacterial (AOB) gene. Structural equation modeling (SEM) shows that the regulation of NH3 emissions by AM fungi may be related to soil NH4+-N content and soil pH. These findings highlight that AM fungi can reduce N loss in the form of NH3 by increasing N turnover and uptake under global changes; thus, AM fungi play a vital role in alleviating the aggravation of N loss caused by global changes and in mitigating environmental pollution in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Stavros Veresoglou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yibo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Li Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Furong Kang
- Alashan Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Alashan 750306, China
| | - Weizhe Yuan
- Jilin Institute of Geological Sciences, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dan Hou
- Jilin Institute of Geological Sciences, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lianxuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jixun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Mingzhou Sun
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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Guan ZH, Cao Z, Li XG, Scholten T, Kühn P, Wang L, Yu RP, He JS. Soil phosphorus availability mediates the effects of nitrogen addition on community- and species-level phosphorus-acquisition strategies in alpine grasslands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167630. [PMID: 37806588 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants modulate their phosphorus (P) acquisition strategies (i.e., change in root morphology, exudate composition, and mycorrhizal symbiosis) to adapt to varying soil P availability. However, how community- and species-level P-acquisition strategies change in response to nitrogen (N) supply under different P levels remains unclear. To address this research gap, we conducted an 8-year fully factorial field experiment in an alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) combined with a 12-week glasshouse experiment with four treatments (N addition, P addition, combined N and P addition, and control). In the field experiment (community-level), when P availability was low, N addition increased the release of carboxylate from roots and led to a higher percentage of colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), along with decreased root length, specific root length (SRL), and total root length colonised by AMF. When P availability was higher, N addition resulted in an increase in the plant's demand for P, accompanied by an increase in root diameter and phosphatase activity. In the glasshouse experiment (species-level), the P-acquisition strategies of grasses and sedge in response to N addition alone mirrored those observed in the field, exhibiting a reduction in root length, SRL, and total root length colonised, but an increased percentage of AMF colonisation. Forbs responded to N addition alone with increased investment in all P-acquisition strategies, especially increased root biomass and length. P-acquisition strategies showed consistent changes among all species in response to combined N and P addition. Our results suggest that increased carboxylate release and AMF colonisation rate are common P-acquisition strategies of plants in alpine grasslands under N-induced P limitation. The main difference in P-acquisition strategies between forbs and grasses/sedges in response to N addition under low-P conditions was an increase in root biomass and length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Huan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zuonan Cao
- Department of Geosciences, Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72070, Germany
| | - Xiao Gang Li
- College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Thomas Scholten
- Department of Geosciences, Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72070, Germany
| | - Peter Kühn
- Department of Geosciences, Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72070, Germany
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui-Peng Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jin-Sheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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9
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Větrovský T, Kolaříková Z, Lepinay C, Awokunle Hollá S, Davison J, Fleyberková A, Gromyko A, Jelínková B, Kolařík M, Krüger M, Lejsková R, Michalčíková L, Michalová T, Moora M, Moravcová A, Moulíková Š, Odriozola I, Öpik M, Pappová M, Piché-Choquette S, Skřivánek J, Vlk L, Zobel M, Baldrian P, Kohout P. GlobalAMFungi: a global database of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal occurrences from high-throughput sequencing metabarcoding studies. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:2151-2163. [PMID: 37781910 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are crucial mutualistic symbionts of the majority of plant species, with essential roles in plant nutrient uptake and stress mitigation. The importance of AM fungi in ecosystems contrasts with our limited understanding of the patterns of AM fungal biogeography and the environmental factors that drive those patterns. This article presents a release of a newly developed global AM fungal dataset (GlobalAMFungi database, https://globalamfungi.com) that aims to reduce this knowledge gap. It contains almost 50 million observations of Glomeromycotinian AM fungal amplicon DNA sequences across almost 8500 samples with geographical locations and additional metadata obtained from 100 original studies. The GlobalAMFungi database is built on sequencing data originating from AM fungal taxon barcoding regions in: i) the small subunit rRNA (SSU) gene; ii) the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region; and iii) the large subunit rRNA (LSU) gene. The GlobalAMFungi database is an open source and open access initiative that compiles the most comprehensive atlas of AM fungal distribution. It is designed as a permanent effort that will be continuously updated by its creators and through the collaboration of the scientific community. This study also documented applicability of the dataset to better understand ecology of AM fungal taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Větrovský
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Kolaříková
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czechia
| | - Clémentine Lepinay
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Sandra Awokunle Hollá
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - John Davison
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi St 2, 504 09, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anna Fleyberková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Anastasiia Gromyko
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Barbora Jelínková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Kolařík
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Manuela Krüger
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czechia
| | - Renata Lejsková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lenka Michalčíková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tereza Michalová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Mari Moora
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi St 2, 504 09, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrea Moravcová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague, Czechia
| | - Štěpánka Moulíková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Iñaki Odriozola
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Maarja Öpik
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi St 2, 504 09, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Monika Pappová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Sarah Piché-Choquette
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jakub Skřivánek
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lukáš Vlk
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Zobel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi St 2, 504 09, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Petr Baldrian
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Kohout
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague, Czechia
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10
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Han J, Zhang Y, Xi H, Zeng J, Peng Z, Ali G, Liu Y. Maize, wheat, and soybean root traits depend upon soil phosphorus fertility and mycorrhizal status. MYCORRHIZA 2023; 33:359-368. [PMID: 37821597 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-023-01126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Strong effects of plant identity, soil nutrient availability or mycorrhizal fungi on root traits have been well documented, but their interactive influences on root traits are still poorly understood. Here, three crop species (maize, wheat and soybean) were grown under four phosphorus (P) addition levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 mg P kg-1 dry soil), and plants were inoculated with or without five combined arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) species. Plant biomass, nutrient contents, root traits (including total root length, average root diameter, specific root length and root tissue density) and plants' mycorrhizal responses were measured. Crop species, P level, AMF, and their interactions strongly affected plant biomass and root traits. P fertilization promoted plant growth but reduced mycorrhizal benefits on plant biomass and nutrient uptake. Root traits of maize were sensitive to P addition only under the non-mycorrhizal condition, whilst most root traits of soybean and wheat plants were responsive to mycorrhizal inoculation but not P addition. Mycorrhizal colonization reduced the root plasticity in response to P fertility for maize but not for wheat or soybean. This study highlights the importance of soil nutrient fertility and mycorrhizal symbiosis in influencing root traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhenling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Gohar Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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11
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Cheng Y, Rutten G, Liu X, Ma M, Song Z, Maaroufi NI, Zhou S. Host plant height explains the effect of nitrogen enrichment on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:399-411. [PMID: 37482960 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) enrichment is widely known to affect the root-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community in different ways, for example, via altering soil properties and/or shifting host plant functional structure. However, empirical knowledge of their relative importance is still lacking. Using a long-term N addition experiment, we measured the AMF community taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity at the single plant species (roots of 15 plant species) and plant community (mixed roots) levels. We also measured four functional traits of 35 common plant species along the N addition gradient. We found divergent responses of AMF diversity to N addition for host plants with different innate heights (i.e. plant natural height under unfertilized treatment). Furthermore, our data showed that species-specific responses of AMF diversity to N addition were negatively related to the change in maximum plant height. When scaling up to the community level, N addition affected AMF diversity mainly through increasing the maximum plant height, rather than altering soil properties. Our results highlight the importance of plant height in driving AMF community dynamics under N enrichment at both species and community levels, thus providing important implications for understanding the response of AMF diversity to anthropogenic N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikang Cheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gemma Rutten
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems & College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Miaojun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems & College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhiping Song
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Nadia I Maaroufi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shurong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
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12
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Becklin KM, Viele BM, Coleman HD. Nutrient conditions mediate mycorrhizal effects on biomass production and cell wall chemistry in poplar. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:1571-1583. [PMID: 37166359 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale biofuel production from lignocellulosic feedstock is limited by the financial and environmental costs associated with growing and processing lignocellulosic material and the resilience of these plants to environmental stress. Symbiotic associations with arbuscular (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi represent a potential strategy for expanding feedstock production while reducing nutrient inputs. Comparing AM and EM effects on wood production and chemical composition is a necessary step in developing biofuel feedstocks. Here, we assessed the productivity, biomass allocation and secondary cell wall (SCW) composition of greenhouse-grown Populus tremuloidesMichx. inoculated with either AM or EM fungi. Given the long-term goal of reducing nutrient inputs for biofuel production, we further tested the effects of nutrient availability and nitrogen:phosphorus stoichiometry on mycorrhizal responses. Associations with both AM and EM fungi increased plant biomass by 14-74% depending on the nutrient conditions but had minimal effects on SCW composition. Mycorrhizal plants, especially those inoculated with EM fungi, also allocated a greater portion of their biomass to roots, which could be beneficial in the field where plants are likely to experience both water and nutrient stress. Leaf nutrient content was weakly but positively correlated with wood production in mycorrhizal plants. Surprisingly, phosphorus played a larger role in EM plants compared with AM plants. Relative nitrogen and phosphorus availability were correlated with shifts in SCW composition. For AM associations, the benefit of increased wood biomass may be partially offset by increased lignin content, a trait that affects downstream processing of lignocellulosic tissue for biofuels. By comparing AM and EM effects on the productivity and chemical composition of lignocellulosic tissue, this work links broad functional diversity in mycorrhizal associations to key biofuel traits and highlights the importance of considering both biotic and abiotic factors when developing strategies for sustainable biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Becklin
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Bethanie M Viele
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Heather D Coleman
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY, USA
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13
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Yang X, Li Y, Liang R, Ji B, Wang Z, Wang H, Shen Y. Negative effects of phosphorus addition outweigh effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen addition on grassland temporal stability in the eastern Eurasian desert steppe. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10368. [PMID: 37546567 PMCID: PMC10401164 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The temporal stability of grassland plant communities is substantially affected by soil nutrient enrichment. However, the potential main and interactive effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment on the stability of plant productivity have not yet been clarified. We combined a three-year in situ field experiment to assess the impacts of soil fertilization and AMF on the stability of plant productivity. P addition decreased the stability of plant productivity by increasing the standard deviation relative to the mean of plant productivity. However, compared to species richness, the stability of C3 grasses and other functional groups asynchrony were the most important drivers changing the stability of plant productivity. The negative impacts of P addition overrode the impacts of AMF on the stability of plant productivity. Overall, our study suggests the importance of soil nutrient availability over AMF in terms of shaping the stability of plant productivity. Our results also suggest that three-year anthropogenic soil nutrient enrichment could reduce the stability of plant communities in grassland regardless of AMF in the P-limited grassland ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- College of Forestry and PratacultureNingxia UniversityYinchuanChina
- Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research CenterYinchuanChina
| | - Yuyue Li
- College of Forestry and PratacultureNingxia UniversityYinchuanChina
- Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research CenterYinchuanChina
| | - Ruize Liang
- College of Forestry and PratacultureNingxia UniversityYinchuanChina
- Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research CenterYinchuanChina
| | - Bo Ji
- Institute of Forestry and Grassland EcologyNingxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Zhanjun Wang
- Institute of Forestry and Grassland EcologyNingxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Hongmei Wang
- College of Forestry and PratacultureNingxia UniversityYinchuanChina
- Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research CenterYinchuanChina
| | - Yue Shen
- College of Forestry and PratacultureNingxia UniversityYinchuanChina
- Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research CenterYinchuanChina
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14
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DeVan MR, Johnstone JF, Mack MC, Hollingsworth TN, Taylor DL. Host identity affects the response of mycorrhizal fungal communities to high severity fires in Alaskan boreal forests. FUNGAL ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2022.101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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15
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Shao S, Wu J, He H, Moore TR, Bubier J, Larmola T, Juutinen S, Roulet NT. Ericoid mycorrhizal fungi mediate the response of ombrotrophic peatlands to fertilization: a modeling study. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:80-95. [PMID: 36300568 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ericaceous shrubs adapt to the nutrient-poor conditions in ombrotrophic peatlands by forming symbiotic associations with ericoid mycorrhizal (ERM) fungi. Increased nutrient availability may diminish the role of ERM pathways in shrub nutrient uptake, consequently altering the biogeochemical cycling within bogs. To explore the significance of ERM fungi in ombrotrophic peatlands, we developed the model MWMmic (a peat cohort-based biogeochemical model) into MWMmic-NP by explicitly incorporating plant-soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling and ERM fungi processes. The new model was applied to simulate the biogeochemical cycles in the Mer Bleue (MB) bog in Ontario, Canada, and their responses to fertilization. MWMmic_NP reproduced the carbon(C)-N-P cycles and vegetation dynamics observed in the MB bog, and their responses to fertilization. Our simulations showed that fertilization increased shrub biomass by reducing the C allocation to ERM fungi, subsequently suppressing the growth of underlying Sphagnum mosses, and decreasing the peatland C sequestration. Our species removal simulation further demonstrated that ERM fungi were key to maintaining the shrub-moss coexistence and C sink function of bogs. Our results suggest that ERM fungi play a significant role in the biogeochemical cycles in ombrotrophic peatlands and should be considered in future modeling efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siya Shao
- Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Jianghua Wu
- Environment and Sustainability, School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Hongxing He
- Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Tim R Moore
- Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Jill Bubier
- Department of Environmental Studies, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA, 01075, USA
| | - Tuula Larmola
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Juutinen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00560, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nigel T Roulet
- Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
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16
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Bahadur A, Jiang S, Zhang W, Sajjad W, Usman M, Nasir F, Amir Zia M, Zhang Q, Pan J, Liu Y, Chen T, Feng H. Competitive interactions in two different plant species: Do grassland mycorrhizal communities and nitrogen addition play the same game? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1084218. [PMID: 36993846 PMCID: PMC10040756 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1084218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the Tibetan Plateau grassland ecosystems, nitrogen (N) availability is rising dramatically; however, the influence of higher N on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) might impact on plant competitive interactions. Therefore, understanding the part played by AMF in the competition between Vicia faba and Brassica napus and its dependence on the N-addition status is necessary. To address this, a glasshouse experiment was conducted to examine whether the grassland AMF community's inocula (AMF and NAMF) and N-addition levels (N-0 and N-15) alter plant competition between V. faba and B. napus. Two harvests took day 45 (1st harvest) and day 90 (2nd harvest), respectively. The findings showed that compared to B. napus, AMF inoculation significantly improved the competitive potential of the V. faba. In the occurrence of AMF, V. faba was the strongest competitor being facilitated by B. napus in both harvests. While under N-15, AMF significantly enhanced tissue N:P ratio in B. napus mixed-culture at 1st harvest, the opposite trend was observed in 2nd harvest. The mycorrhizal growth dependency slightly negatively affected mixed-culture compared to monoculture under both N-addition treatments. The aggressivity index of AMF plants was higher than NAMF plants with both N-addition and harvests. Our observation highlights that mycorrhizal associations might facilitate host plant species in mixed-culture with non-host plant species. Additionally, interacting with N-addition, AMF could impact the competitive ability of the host plant not only directly but also indirectly, thereby changing the growth and nutrient uptake of competing plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bahadur
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengjing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fahad Nasir
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Muhammad Amir Zia
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Qi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huyuan Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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17
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Yang H, Mai S, Liu W, Fu J, Yang Q, Zhang B, Huang B. Variations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi following succession stages in a tropical lowland rainforest ecosystem of South China. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1125749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe grasslands in the Nature Reserve of Ganshenling, in the south of Hainan Island, were first formed after deforestation disturbance before a natural restoration of shrubs and secondary forests. However, the stages of grassland and shrubs in some parts of Ganshenling regions could not be naturally restored to secondary forests. In addition, the forest form of the secondary forest after 40 years (40a) of succession was similar to that of the secondary forest of 60 years (60a). However, it was not known whether the microorganisms recovered to the level of the secondary forest of 60a. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are plant root symbionts that can improve the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption of plants and play a key role in secondary forest succession. An understanding of the essential role of soil AMF in secondary forest succession of tropical rainforest in Ganshenling regions is still limited.MethodsTherefore, the soil of 0–10 cm was collected with the help of a 5-point sampling method in grassland, shrubs, and second tropical lowland rainforest of 40a and 60a. We studied community changes in AMF with the succession and explored the impacts of soil physicochemical properties on soil AMF.ResultsOur findings were as follows: (1) Different successional stages showed divergent effects on soil AMF communities. (2) After 40a recovery, the alpha-diversity indices of AMF recovered to the level of secondary forest of 60a, but the similarity of soil AMF communities only recovered to 25.3%. (3) Species richness of common species, rare species, and all the species of AMF showed a significantly positive correlation with soil nitrogen. (4) OTU10; OTU6, OTU9, and OTU141; OTU3 and OTU38; and OTU2, OTU15, OTU23, and OTU197 were significantly unique AMF for grasslands, shrubs, and secondary forests of 40a and 60a, respectively. (5) The phylogenetic tree and the heatmap of AMF showed that the OTUs in grasslands and shrubs were in contrast to the OTUs in secondary forests of 40a and 60a.DiscussionWe concluded that the succession of a secondary forest after deforestation disturbance was probably limited by its AMF community.
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18
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Xie L, Bi Y, Zhang Y, Guo N. Effect of Coal Mining on Soil Microorganisms from Stipa krylovii Rhizosphere in Typical Grassland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3689. [PMID: 36834383 PMCID: PMC9960647 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The environmental changes caused by coal mining activities caused disturbances to the plant, soil, and microbial health in the mining area. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in the ecological restoration of mining areas. However, it is less understood how soil fungal communities with multiple functional groups respond to coal mining, and the quantitative impact and risk of mining disturbance. Therefore, in this study, the effect of coal mining on soil microorganisms' composition and diversity were analyzed near the edge of an opencast coal-mine dump in the Shengli mining area, Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia. The response strategy of soil fungi to coal mining and the stability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the soil fungal community were determined. Our results showed that coal mining affected AMF and soil fungi in areas within 900 m from the coal mine. The abundance of endophytes increased with the distance between sampling sites and the mine dump, whereas the abundance of saprotroph decreased with the distance between sampling sites and the mine dump. Saprotroph was the dominant functional flora near the mining area. The nodes percentage of Septoglomus and Claroideoglomus and AMF phylogenetic diversity near the mining area were highest. AMF responded to the mining disturbance via the variety and evolution strategy of flora. Furthermore, AMF and soil fungal communities were significantly correlated with edaphic properties and parameters. Soil available phosphorus (AP) was the main influencer of soil AMF and fungal communities. These findings evaluated the risk range of coal mining on AMF and soil fungal communities and elucidated the microbial response strategy to mining disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yinli Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Restoration in Mining Areas of West China, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Yanxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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19
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Wu H, Yang J, Fu W, Rillig MC, Cao Z, Zhao A, Hao Z, Zhang X, Chen B, Han X. Identifying thresholds of nitrogen enrichment for substantial shifts in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community metrics in a temperate grassland of northern China. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:279-294. [PMID: 36177721 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) enrichment poses threats to biodiversity and ecosystem stability, while arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play important roles in ecosystem stability and functioning. However, the ecological impacts, especially thresholds of N enrichment potentially causing AM fungal community shifts have not been adequately characterized. Based on a long-term field experiment with nine N addition levels ranging from 0 to 50 g N m-2 yr-1 in a temperate grassland, we characterized the community response patterns of AM fungi to N enrichment. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal biomass continuously decreased with increasing N addition levels. However, AM fungal diversity did not significantly change below 20 g N m-2 yr-1 , but dramatically decreased at higher N levels, which drove the AM fungal community to a potentially unstable state. Structural equation modeling showed that the decline in AM fungal biomass could be well explained by soil acidification, whereas key driving factors for AM fungal diversity shifted from soil nitrogen : phosphorus (N : P) ratio to soil pH with increasing N levels. Different aspects of AM fungal communities (biomass, diversity and community composition) respond differently to increasing N addition levels. Thresholds for substantial community shifts in response to N enrichment in this grassland ecosystem are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Zhenjiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Aihua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Zhipeng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Baodong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xingguo Han
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
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20
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Du J, Tan T, Jiang S. Divergent responses of plant and soil microbial community to short-term nutrient addition in alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1056111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are the main restrictive elements in terrestrial ecosystems, which have an important role in determining the community composition of plants and soil microorganisms. However, there is still a lack of understanding about whether plant and soil microbes respond synchronously to external N and P addition deposition, particularly on a short time scale (< 1 year). Here, we conducted a short-term experiment (3 months) involving control, N addition, P addition, and N + P addition in an alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Responses of plant and soil microbial (bacterial and fungal) communities were analyzed using the quadrat method and high-throughput sequencing, respectively. N addition significantly increased aboveground biomass and changed the plant community composition, but had no significant effect on soil microbes. Thus, microbial and plant processes were asynchronous following the resource availability in this alpine meadow. According to our research, the plant community may react to short-term nutrient deposition more quickly than the soil microbial community.
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21
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Qin M, Li L, Miranda J, Tang Y, Song B, Oosthuizen MK, Wei W. Experimental duration determines the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant biomass in pot experiments: A meta-analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1024874. [PMID: 36407631 PMCID: PMC9671359 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1024874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play various important roles in promoting plant growth. Numerous environmental and evolutionary factors influence the response of plants to AMF. However, the importance of the individual factors on the effects of AMF on plant biomass is not clearly understood. In this study, a meta-analysis using 1,640 observations from 639 published articles related to the influence of AMF on the plant shoot, root, and total biomass was performed; 13 different experimental setting factors that had an impact on the influence of AMF and their importance were quantitatively synthesized. The meta-analysis showed that AMF had positive effects on the plant shoot, root, and total biomass; moreover, the experimental duration, plant root-to-shoot ratio (R/S), AMF root length colonization, plant family, pot size, soil texture, and the soil pH all influenced the effects of AMF on the shoot, root, and total biomass. In addition, the plant root system and plant functional type had impacts on the effect of AMF on shoot biomass; AMF guild also impacted the effect of AMF on root biomass. Of these factors, the experimental duration, plant R/S, and pot size were the three most important predicting the effects of AMF on the plant shoot, root, and total biomass. This study comprehensively assessed the importance of the different factors that influenced the response of plants to AMF, highlighting that the experimental duration, plant R/S, and pot size should be taken into consideration in pot experiments in studies of the functions of AMF. Multiple unfavorable factors that may obscure or confound the observed functions of AMF should be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | | | - Yun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | | | - Wangrong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
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22
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Lu Q, Hu C, Cai L, Wu C, Zhang H, Wei L, Zhang T, Hu H, Liu S, Lei J, Ge T, Dai L, Yang J, Chen J. Changes in soil fungal communities after onset of wheat yellow mosaic virus disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1033991. [PMID: 36324899 PMCID: PMC9621598 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1033991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizosphere-associated microbes have important implications for plant health, but knowledge of the association between the pathological conditions of soil-borne virus-infected wheat and soil microbial communities, especially changes in fungal communities, remains limited. We investigated the succession of fungal communities from bulk soil to wheat rhizosphere soil in both infected and healthy plants using amplicon sequencing methods, and assessed their potential role in plant health. The results showed that the diversity of fungi in wheat rhizosphere and bulk soils significantly differed post wheat yellow mosaic virus disease onset. The structure differences in fungal community at the two wheat health states or two compartment niches were evident, soil physicochemical properties (i.e., NH4 +) contribute to differences in fungal community structure and alpha diversity. Comparison analysis showed Mortierellomycetes and Dothideomycetes as dominant communities in healthy wheat soils at class level. The genus Pyronemataceae and Solicoccozyma were significantly are significantly enriched in rhizosphere soil of diseased plant, the genus Cystofilobasidium, Cladosporium, Mortierella, and Stephanonectria are significantly enriched in bulk soil of healthy plant. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that the fungi in healthy wheat soil has higher mutual benefit and connectivity compared with diseased wheat. The results of this study demonstrated that the occurrence of wheat yellow mosaic virus diseases altered both fungal community diversity and composition, and that NH4 + is the most important soil physicochemical factor influencing fungal diversity and community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qisen Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Cailin Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Linna Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chuanfa Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Haoqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liang Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tianye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Haichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiajia Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tida Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liangying Dai
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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23
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Zhou Y, Chen K, Muneer MA, Li C, Shi H, Tang Y, Zhang J, Ji B. Soil moisture and pH differentially drive arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal composition in the riparian zone along an alpine river of Nam Co watershed. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:994918. [PMID: 36246247 PMCID: PMC9561679 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.994918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The riparian zone is an important ecological corridor connecting the upstream and downstream rivers. Its highly complex biological and physical environments significantly affect the biogeographical pattern of species and various ecosystem functions. However, in alpine riparian ecosystems, the distribution patterns and drivers of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, a group of functionally important root-associated microorganisms, remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the AM fungal diversity and community composition in near-bank (wetland) and far-bank (alpine meadows) soils along the Niaqu River in the Nam Co watershed, and assessed the relative importance of abiotic and biotic filtering in shaping these distributions. Overall, 184 OTUs were identified in the riparian ecosystem, predominantly belonging to the genus Glomus, especially in the downstream soils, and Claroideoglomus in near-bank soils. AM fungal colonization, spore density, and α diversity showed an overall increasing trend along the river, while the extraradical hyphae declined dramatically from the middle of the river. AM fungal communities significantly varied between the wetland and alpine meadows in the riparian zone, mainly driven by the geographic distance, soil water content, soil pH, and plant communities. Specifically, soil pH was the principal predictor of AM fungal community in near-bank wetland soils, while soil water content had a most substantial direct effect in alpine meadows. These findings indicate that abiotic factors are the most important divers in shaping AM fungal communities at the watershed scale, which could be helpful in alpine riparian biodiversity conservation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Zhou
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Atif Muneer
- College of Resources and Environment/International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Congcong Li
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hailan Shi
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Zhang,
| | - Baoming Ji
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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24
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Meng Y, Zhang Q, Shi G, Liu Y, Du G, Feng H. Can nitrogen supersede host identity in shaping the community composition of foliar endophytic fungi in an alpine meadow ecosystem? Front Microbiol 2022; 13:895533. [PMID: 36071969 PMCID: PMC9441931 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.895533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of limiting nutrients plays a crucial role in shaping communities of endophytes. Moreover, whether fungal endophytes are host-specific remains controversial. We hypothesized that in a harsh and nitrogen (N)-deficient area, diversity and community composition of foliar endophytic fungi (FEFs) varied substantially among plots with experimentally elevated levels of macronutrients, and thus, N availability, instead of host species identity, would have a greater influence in structuring fungal communities at different scales. We also expected an important subset of taxa shared among numerous host species and N gradients to form a community-wide core microbiome. We measured the leaf functional traits and community structures of FEFs of three commonly seen species in an alpine meadow nested with a long-term N fertilization experiment. We found that host plant identity was a powerful factor driving the endophytic fungal community in leaves, even in habitats where productivity was strongly limited by nitrogen (p < 0.001). We also found that within the same host, nitrogen was an important driving force for the composition of the endophytic fungi community (p < 0.05). In addition, the leaf carbon content was the most important functional trait that limited the diversity of endophytic fungi (p < 0.001). Finally, we documented a distinct core microbiome shared among our three focal species and N gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Zhang
| | - Guoxi Shi
- College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guozhen Du
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huyuan Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Huyuan Feng
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25
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Li T, Cui L, Liu L, Wang H, Dong J, Wang F, Song X, Che R, Li C, Tang L, Xu Z, Wang Y, Du J, Hao Y, Cui X. Characteristics of nitrogen deposition research within grassland ecosystems globally and its insight from grassland microbial community changes in China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:947279. [PMID: 35991446 PMCID: PMC9386444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.947279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As global change continues to intensify, the mode and rate of nitrogen input from the atmosphere to grassland ecosystems had changed dramatically. Firstly, we conducted a systematic analysis of the literature on the topic of nitrogen deposition impacts over the past 30 years using a bibliometric analysis. A systematic review of the global research status, publication patterns, research hotspots and important literature. We found a large number of publications in the Chinese region, and mainly focuses on the field of microorganisms. Secondly, we used a meta-analysis to focus on microbial changes using the Chinese grassland ecosystem as an example. The results show that the research on nitrogen deposition in grassland ecosystems shows an exponential development trend, and the authors and research institutions of the publications are mainly concentrated in China, North America, and Western Europe. The keyword clustering results showed 11 important themes labeled climate change, elevated CO2, species richness and diversity, etc. in these studies. The burst keyword analysis indicated that temperature sensitivity, microbial communities, etc. are the key research directions. The results of the meta-analysis found that nitrogen addition decreased soil microbial diversity, and different ecosystems may respond differently. Treatment time, nitrogen addition rate, external environmental conditions, and pH had major effects on microbial alpha diversity and biomass. The loss of microbial diversity and the reduction of biomass with nitrogen fertilizer addition will alter ecosystem functioning, with dramatic impacts on global climate change. The results of the study will help researchers to further understand the subject and have a deep understanding of research hotspots, which are of great value to future scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment and Science, Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lizhen Cui
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lilan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junfu Dong
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment and Science, Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiufang Song
- National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Library, Information and Archives Management, School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rongxiao Che
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Congjia Li
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Tang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environment and Science, Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhihong Xu
- School of Environment and Science, Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yanfen Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Science (LATPES), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqing Du
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbin Hao
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Cui
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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26
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Kowal J, Arrigoni E, Jarvis S, Zappala S, Forbes E, Bidartondo MI, Suz LM. Atmospheric pollution, soil nutrients and climate effects on Mucoromycota arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:3390-3404. [PMID: 35641308 PMCID: PMC9544493 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fine root endophyte mycorrhizal fungi in the Endogonales (Mucoromycota arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, M‐AMF) are now recognized as at least as important globally as Glomeromycota AMF (G‐AMF), yet little is known about the environmental factors which influence M‐AMF diversity and colonization, partly because they typically only co‐colonize plants with G‐AMF. Wild populations of Lycopodiella inundata predominantly form mycorrhizas with M‐AMF and therefore allow focussed study of M‐AMF environmental drivers. Using microscopic examination and DNA sequencing we measured M‐AMF colonization and diversity over three consecutive seasons and modelled interactions between these response variables and environmental data. Significant relationships were found between M‐AMF colonization and soil S, P, C:N ratio, electrical conductivity, and the previously overlooked micronutrient Mn. Estimated N deposition was negatively related to M‐AMF colonization. Thirty‐nine Endogonales Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were identified in L. inundata roots, a greater diversity than previously recognized in this plant. Endogonales OTU richness correlated negatively with soil C:N while community composition was mostly influenced by soil P. This study provides first evidence that M‐AMF have distinct ecological preferences in response to edaphic variables also related to air pollution. Future studies require site‐level atmospheric pollution monitoring to guide critical load policy for mycorrhizal fungi in heathlands and grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kowal
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
| | - E Arrigoni
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
| | - S Jarvis
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, UK
| | - S Zappala
- Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, UK
| | - E Forbes
- Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, UK
| | - M I Bidartondo
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK.,Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - L M Suz
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
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27
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Wang L, Chen X, Du Y, Zhang D, Tang Z. Nutrients Regulate the Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth and Reproduction of Cherry Tomato. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:843010. [PMID: 35464967 PMCID: PMC9024412 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.843010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonize the rhizosphere of plants and form a symbiotic association with plants. Mycorrhizal symbionts have diversified ecological roles and functions which are affected by soil conditions. Understanding the effects of different AMF inoculation on plants under varied nutritional conditions is of great significance for further understanding the effects of the external environment regulating mycorrhizal symbiosis on plant phenotypic traits. In this study, the effects of four AMF inoculation treatments on the growth and reproductive performance of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) were investigated under three nutrient levels by pot experiment. It was found that the growth-promoting effect of AMF on cherry tomato decreased with nutrient reduction, and the effects of the same AMF inoculation treatment on cherry tomato were different at different nutrient levels. Nutrient levels and AMF had interactive effects on flower characteristics, fruit yield, resource allocation, and seed germination of the cherry tomato. In addition, AMF could promote sexual reproductive investment. Nutrient levels and AMF also affected the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in cherry tomato, and there were significant differences among different AMF inoculation treatments. The results indicated that nutrient differences could affect the symbiosis between AMF and plants, and confirmed that there were differences in the effects of the four AMF inoculation treatments on the growth and reproductive traits of plants. The differences in growth and reproduction characteristics of cherry tomato between different AMF inoculation treatments at different nutrient levels indicated that the effects of AMF mycorrhizal on the traits of cherry tomato were regulated by nutrients.
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28
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Yu F, Goto BT, Magurno F, Błaszkowski J, Wang J, Ma W, Feng H, Liu Y. Glomus chinense and Dominikia gansuensis, two new Glomeraceae species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from high altitude in the Tibetan Plateau. Mycol Prog 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-022-01799-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Xu X, Qiu Y, Zhang K, Yang F, Chen M, Luo X, Yan X, Wang P, Zhang Y, Chen H, Guo H, Jiang L, Hu S. Climate warming promotes deterministic assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1147-1161. [PMID: 34668627 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) significantly contribute to plant resource acquisition and play important roles in mediating plant interactions and soil carbon (C) dynamics. However, it remains unclear how AMF communities respond to climate change. We assessed impacts of warming and precipitation alterations (30% increase or decrease) on soil AMF communities, and examined major ecological processes shaping the AMF community assemblage in a Tibetan alpine meadow. Our results showed that warming significantly increased root biomass, and available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in soil. While precipitation alterations increased AMF abundances, they did not significantly affect the composition or diversity of AMF communities. In contrast, warming altered the composition of AMF communities and reduced their Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou's evenness. In particular, warming shifted the AMF community composition in favor of Diversisporaceae over Glomeraceae, likely through its impact on soil N and P availability. In addition, AMF communities were phylogenetically random in the unwarmed control but clustered in warming plots, implying more deterministic community assembly under climate warming. Warming enhancement of root growth, N and P availability likely reduced plant C-allocation to AMF, imposing stronger environmental filtering on AMF communities. We further proposed a conceptual framework that integrates biological and geochemical processes into a mechanistic understanding of warming and precipitation changes' effects on AMF. Taken together, these results suggest that soil AMF communities may be more sensitive to warming than expected, highlighting the need to monitor their community structure and associated functional consequences on plant communities and soil C dynamics under the future warmer climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kangcheng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Luo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuebin Yan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huaihai Chen
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shuijin Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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30
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Zhou J, Wilson GWT, Cobb AB, Zhang Y, Liu L, Zhang X, Sun F. Mycorrhizal and rhizobial interactions influence model grassland plant community structure and productivity. MYCORRHIZA 2022; 32:15-32. [PMID: 35037106 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-021-01061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and rhizobium are likely important drivers of plant coexistence and grassland productivity due to complementary roles in supplying limiting nutrients. However, the interactive effects of mycorrhizal and rhizobial associations on plant community productivity and competitive dynamics remain unclear. To address this, we conducted a greenhouse experiment to determine the influences of these key microbial functional groups on communities comprising three plant species by comparing plant communities grown with or without each symbiont. We also utilized N-fertilization and clipping treatments to explore potential shifts in mycorrhizal and rhizobial benefits across abiotic and biotic conditions. Our research suggests AM fungi and rhizobium co-inoculation was strongly facilitative for plant community productivity and legume (Medicago sativa) growth and nodulation. Plant competitiveness shifted in the presence of AM fungi and rhizobium, favoring M. sativa over a neighboring C4 grass (Andropogon gerardii) and C3 forb (Ratibida pinnata). This may be due to rhizobial symbiosis as well as the relatively greater mycorrhizal growth response of M. sativa, compared to the other model plants. Clipping and N-fertilization altered relative costs and benefits of both symbioses, presumably by altering host-plant nitrogen and carbon dynamics, leading to a relative decrease in mycorrhizal responsiveness and proportional biomass of M. sativa relative to the total biomass of the entire plant community, with a concomitant relative increase in A. gerardii and R. pinnata proportional biomass. Our results demonstrate a strong influence of both microbial symbioses on host-plant competitiveness and community dynamics across clipping and N-fertilization treatments, suggesting the symbiotic rhizosphere community is critical for legume establishment in grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiong Zhou
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Gail W T Wilson
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 008C AGH74078, USA
| | - Adam B Cobb
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 008C AGH74078, USA
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feida Sun
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Soil Bacterial Community Shifts Are Driven by Soil Nutrient Availability along a Teak Plantation Chronosequence in Tropical Forests in China. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121329. [PMID: 34943244 PMCID: PMC8698287 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Tropical forests play an important role in the global carbon cycle, especially in the context of global climate change. Soil microorganisms are essential to the functions, services, and productivity of terrestrial ecosystems as a link to maintain the connections and interactions between the aboveground and belowground ecosystems. The interactions between plants and the soil microbiome are crucial for plant growth, health, and resistance to stressors. However, information on the response of soil microbial communities to a chronosequence of woody plants is lacking, especially in tropical forests. This study compares the soil properties, diversity, composition, and co-occurrence patterns of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and bulk soils along a teak plantation chronosequence. The results show that the composition and co-occurrence patterns of the bacterial communities are statistically different among the plantations, while stand age has no significant impact on soil bacterial alpha diversity. The results further show that soil nutrients play a key role in shaping the soil bacterial community. The study also provides information about the dynamics and characteristics of these soil bacterial communities and adds valuable information that may underpin new strategies for the management of teak plantations. Abstract Soil bacterial communities play crucial roles in ecosystem functions and biogeochemical cycles of fundamental elements and are sensitive to environmental changes. However, the response of soil bacterial communities to chronosequence in tropical ecosystems is still poorly understood. This study characterized the structures and co-occurrence patterns of soil bacterial communities in rhizosphere and bulk soils along a chronosequence of teak plantations and adjacent native grassland as control. Stand ages significantly shifted the structure of soil bacterial communities but had no significant impact on bacterial community diversity. Bacterial community diversity in bulk soils was significantly higher than that in rhizosphere soils. The number of nodes and edges in the bacterial co-occurrence network first increased and then decreased with the chronosequence. The number of strongly positive correlations per network was much higher than negative correlations. Available potassium, total potassium, and available phosphorus were significant factors influencing the structure of the bacterial community in bulk soils. In contrast, urease, total potassium, pH, and total phosphorus were significant factors affecting the structure of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere soils. These results indicate that available nutrients in the soil are the main drivers regulating soil bacterial community variation along a teak plantation chronosequence.
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Yu Z, Liang K, Wang X, Huang G, Lin M, Zhou Z, Chen Y. Alterations in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Community Along a Chronosequence of Teak ( Tectona grandis) Plantations in Tropical Forests of China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:737068. [PMID: 34899624 PMCID: PMC8660861 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.737068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a crucial role in promoting plant growth, enhancing plant stress resistance, and sustaining a healthy ecosystem. However, little is known about the mycorrhizal status of teak plantations. Here, we evaluated how the AM fungal communities of rhizosphere soils and roots respond to different stand ages of teak: 22, 35, 45, and 55-year-old from the adjacent native grassland (CK). A high-throughput sequencing method was used to compare the differences in soil and root AM fungal community structures. In combination with soil parameters, mechanisms driving the AM fungal community were revealed by redundancy analysis and the Mantel test. Additionally, spore density and colonization rates were analyzed. With increasing stand age, the AM fungal colonization rates and spore density increased linearly. Catalase activity and ammonium nitrogen content also increased, and soil organic carbon, total phosphorous, acid phosphatase activity, available potassium, and available phosphorus first increased and then decreased. Stand age significantly changed the structure of the AM fungal community but had no significant impact on the diversity of the AM fungal community. However, the diversity of the AM fungal community in soils was statistically higher than that in the roots. In total, nine and seven AM fungal genera were detected in the soil and root samples, respectively. The majority of sequences in soils and roots belonged to Glomus. Age-induced changes in soil properties could largely explain the alterations in the structure of the AM fungal community along a chronosequence, which included total potassium, carbon-nitrogen ratio, ammonium nitrogen, catalase, and acid phosphatase levels in soils and catalase, acid phosphatase, pH, and total potassium levels in roots. Soil nutrient availability and enzyme activity were the main driving factors regulating the shift in the AM fungal community structure along a chronosequence of the teak plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kunnan Liang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianbang Wang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihua Huang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingping Lin
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaizhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinglong Chen
- School of Agriculture and Environment, Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Suppression of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Aggravates the Negative Interactive Effects of Warming and Nitrogen Addition on Soil Bacterial and Fungal Diversity and Community Composition. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0152321. [PMID: 34469189 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01523-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the impacts of warming, nitrogen (N) addition, and suppression of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on soil bacterial and fungal richness and community composition in a field experiment. AMF root colonization and the concentration of an AMF-specific phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) were significantly reduced after the application of the fungicide benomyl as a soil drench. Warming and N addition had no independent effects but interactively decreased soil fungal richness, while warming, N addition, and AMF suppression together reduced soil bacterial richness. Soil bacterial and fungal species diversity was lower with AMF suppression, indicating that AMF suppression has a negative effect on microbial diversity. Warming and N addition decreased the net loss of plant species and the plant species richness, respectively. AMF suppression reduced plant species richness and the net gain of plant species but enhanced the net loss of plant species. Structural equation modeling (SEM) demonstrated that the soil bacterial community responded to the increased soil temperature (ST) induced by warming and the increased soil available N (AN) induced by N addition through changes in AMF colonization and plant species richness; ST directly affected the bacterial community, but AN affected both the soil bacterial and fungal communities via AMF colonization. In addition, higher mycorrhizal colonization increased the plant species richness by increasing the net gains in plant species under warming and N addition. IMPORTANCE AMF can influence the composition and diversity of plant communities. Previous studies have shown that climate warming and N deposition reduce the effectiveness of AMF. However, how AMF affect soil bacterial and fungal communities under these global change drivers is still poorly understood. A 4-year field study revealed that AMF suppression decreased bacterial and fungal diversity irrespective of warming or N addition, while AMF suppression interacted with warming or N addition to reduce bacterial and fungal richness. In addition, bacterial and fungal community compositions were determined by mycorrhizal colonization, which was regulated by soil AN and ST. These results suggest that AMF suppression can aggravate the severe losses to native soil microbial diversity and functioning caused by global changes; thus, AMF play a vital role in maintaining belowground ecosystem stability in the future.
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Qin M, Miranda JP, Tang Y, Wei W, Liu Y, Feng H. Pathogenic Microbes Increase Plant Dependence on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: A Meta-Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:707118. [PMID: 34671368 PMCID: PMC8521030 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.707118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have confirmed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote plant nitrogen and phosphorus absorption, and prime systemic plant defense to plant pathogenic microbes. Despite that, the information on the interaction between AMF and plant pathogenic microbes is limited, especially the influence of plant pathogenic microbes on the effect of AMF promoting plant growth. In this study, 650 independent paired-wise observations from 136 published papers were collected and used to calculate the different effect of AMF with plant pathogenic microbes (DAPP) in promoting plant growth through meta-analysis. The results showed that AMF had a higher effect size on plant growth with pathogenic microbes comparing to without pathogenic microbes, including the significant effects in shoot and total fresh biomass, and shoot, root, and total dry biomass. The results of the selection models revealed that the most important factor determining the DAPP on plant dry biomass was the harm level of plant pathogenic microbes on the plant dry biomass, which was negatively correlated. Furthermore, the change of AMF root length colonization (RLC) was the sub-important factor, which was positively correlated with the DAPP. Taken together, these results have implications for understanding the potential and application of AMF in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | | | - Yun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Wangrong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huyuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Šmilauer P, Šmilauerová M, Kotilínek M, Košnar J. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities of forbs and C3 grasses respond differently to cultivation and elevated nutrients. MYCORRHIZA 2021; 31:455-470. [PMID: 34050407 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-021-01036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent important players in the structure and function of many ecosystems. Yet, we learn about their roles mostly from greenhouse-based experiments, with results subjected to cultivation bias. This study explores multiple aspects of this bias and separates the effect of increased nutrient availability from other cultivation specifics. For 15 grassland plant species from two functional groups (C3 grasses vs dicotyledonous forbs), we compared AMF communities of adults collected from non-manipulated vegetation with those in plants grown in a greenhouse. Nutrient availability was comparable to field conditions or experimentally elevated. We evaluated changes in AMF community composition, diversity, root colonisation, and the averages of functional traits characterising hyphal soil exploration. Additionally, we use the data from the greenhouse experiment to propose a new plant functional trait-the change of AMF colonisation in response to nutrient surplus. The AMF community differed profoundly between field-collected and greenhouse-grown plants, with a larger change of its composition in grass species, and AMF community composition in grasses also responded more to fertilisation than in forbs. Taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity declined more in forbs under cultivation (particularly with elevated nutrients), because in their roots, the AMF taxa from families other than Glomeraceae largely disappeared. A decline in AMF colonisation was not caused by greenhouse cultivation itself but selectively by the elevation of nutrient availability, particularly in grass host species. We demonstrate that the extent of decrease in AMF colonisation with elevated nutrients is a useful plant functional trait explaining an observed response of the plant community to manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Šmilauer
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Šmilauerová
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Kotilínek
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Košnar
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, CZ-370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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36
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Yang X, Mariotte P, Guo J, Hautier Y, Zhang T. Suppression of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi decreases the temporal stability of community productivity under elevated temperature and nitrogen addition in a temperate meadow. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143137. [PMID: 33121784 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Global change alters how terrestrial ecosystems function and makes them less stable over time. Global change can also suppress the development and effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This is concerning, as AMF have been shown to alleviate the negative influence of global changes on plant growth and maintain species coexistence. However, how AMF and global change interact and influence community temporal stability remains poorly understood. Here, we conducted a 4-year field experiment and used structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore the influence of elevated temperature, nitrogen (N) addition and AMF suppression on community temporal stability (quantified as the ratio of the mean community productivity to its standard deviation) in a temperate meadow in northern China. We found that elevated temperature and AMF suppression independently decreased the community temporal stability but that N addition had no impact. Community temporal stability was mainly driven by elevated temperature, N addition and AMF suppression that modulated the dominant species stability; to a lesser extent by the elevated temperature and AMF suppression that modulated AMF richness associated with community asynchrony; and finally by the N addition and AMF suppression that modulated mycorrhizal colonization. In addition, although N addition, AMF suppression and elevated temperature plus AMF suppression reduced plant species richness, there was no evidence that changes in community temporal stability were linked to changes in plant richness. SEM further showed that elevated temperature, N addition and AMF suppression regulated community temporal stability by influencing both the temporal mean and variation in community productivity. Our results suggest that global environmental changes may have appreciable consequences for the stability of temperate meadows while also highlighting the role of belowground AMF status in the responses of plant community temporal stability to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Institute of Gerassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Pierre Mariotte
- Grazing Systems, Agroscope, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Jixun Guo
- Institute of Gerassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Gerassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China.
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37
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Ma X, Geng Q, Zhang H, Bian C, Chen HYH, Jiang D, Xu X. Global negative effects of nutrient enrichment on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, plant diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:2957-2969. [PMID: 33188641 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite widespread anthropogenic nutrient enrichment, it remains unclear how nutrient enrichment influences plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis and ecosystem multifunctionality at the global scale. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the worldwide effects of nutrient enrichment on AMF and plant diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality using data of field experiments from 136 papers. Our analyses showed that nutrient addition simultaneously decreased AMF diversity and abundance belowground and plant diversity aboveground at the global scale. The decreases in AMF diversity and abundance associated with nutrient addition were more pronounced with increasing experimental duration, mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP). Nutrient addition-induced changes in soil pH and available phosphorus (P) predominantly regulated the responses of AMF diversity and abundance. Furthermore, AMF diversity correlated with ecosystem multifunctionality under nutrient addition worldwide. Our findings identify the negative effects of nutrient enrichment on AMF and plant diversity and suggest that AMF diversity is closely linked with ecosystem function. This study offers an important advancement in our understanding of plant-AMF interactions and their likely responses to ongoing global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Ma
- Department of Ecology, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Qinghong Geng
- Department of Ecology, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Huiguang Zhang
- Center for Scientific Research and Monitoring, Wuyishan National Park, Wuyishan, Fujian, 354300, China
| | - Chenyu Bian
- Tiantong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Han Y H Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Dalong Jiang
- Department of Ecology, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Ecology, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
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Han Y, Feng J, Han M, Zhu B. Responses of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to nitrogen addition: A meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:7229-7241. [PMID: 32981218 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play important roles in carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling of terrestrial ecosystems. The impact of increasing N deposition on AM fungi will inevitably affect ecosystem processes. However, generalizable patterns of how N deposition affects AM fungi remains poorly understood. Here we conducted a global-scale meta-analysis from 94 publications and 101 sites to investigate the responses of AM fungi to N addition, including abundance in both intra-radical (host roots) and extra-radical portion (soil), richness and diversity. We also explored the mechanisms of N addition affecting AM fungi by the trait-based guilds method. Results showed that N addition significantly decreased AM fungal overall abundance (-8.0%). However, the response of abundance in intra-radical portion was not consistent with that in extra-radical portion: root colonization decreased (-11.6%) significantly, whereas extra-radical hyphae length density did not change significantly. Different AM fungal guilds showed different responses to N addition: both the abundance (spore density) and relative abundance of the rhizophilic guild decreased significantly under N addition (-29.8% and -12.0%, respectively), while the abundance and relative abundance of the edaphophilic guild had insignificant response to N addition. Such inconsistent responses of rhizophilic and edaphophilic guilds were mainly moderated by the change of soil pH and the response of root biomass, respectively. Moreover, N addition had an insignificant negative effect on AM fungal richness and diversity, which was strongly related with the relative availability of soil P (i.e. soil available N/P ratio). Collectively, this meta-analysis highlights that considering trait-based AM fungal guilds, soil P availability and host plant C allocation can greatly improve our understanding of the nuanced dynamics of AM fungal communities under increasing N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Han
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiguang Feng
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengguang Han
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Van Geel M, Jacquemyn H, Peeters G, van Acker K, Honnay O, Ceulemans T. Diversity and community structure of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi in European bogs and heathlands across a gradient of nitrogen deposition. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1640-1651. [PMID: 32643808 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite the ecological significance of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi, little is known about the abiotic and biotic factors driving their diversity and community composition. To determine the relative importance of abiotic and biotic filtering in structuring ericoid mycorrhizal fungal communities, we established 156 sampling plots in two highly contrasting environments but dominated by the same Ericaceae plant species: waterlogged bogs and dry heathlands. Plots were located across 25 bogs and 27 dry heathlands in seven European countries covering a gradient in nitrogen deposition and phosphorus availability. Putatively ericoid mycorrhizal fungal communities in the roots of 10 different Ericaceae species were characterized using high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Variation in ericoid mycorrhizal fungal communities was attributed to both habitat and soil variables on the one hand and host plant identity on the other. Communities differed significantly between bogs and heathlands and, in a given habitat, communities differed significantly among host plant species. Fungal richness was negatively related to nitrogen deposition in bogs and phosphorus availability in bogs and heathlands. Our results demonstrate that both abiotic and biotic filtering shapes ericoid mycorrhizal fungal communities and advocate an environmental policy minimizing excess nutrient input in these nutrient-poor ecosystems to avoid loss of ericoid mycorrhizal fungal taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Van Geel
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Hans Jacquemyn
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Gerrit Peeters
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Kasper van Acker
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Olivier Honnay
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Tobias Ceulemans
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
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40
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Wang Q, Ma M, Jiang X, Guan D, Wei D, Cao F, Kang Y, Chu C, Wu S, Li J. Influence of 37 Years of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization on Composition of Rhizosphere Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Communities in Black Soil of Northeast China. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:539669. [PMID: 33013777 PMCID: PMC7506078 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.539669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased inorganic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) additions expected in the future will endanger the biodiversity and stability of agricultural ecosystems. In this context, a long-term fertilizer experiment (37 years) was set up in the black soil of northeast China. We examined interaction impacts of elevated fertilizer and host selection processes on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities in wheat rhizosphere soil using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The soil samples were subjected to five fertilization regimes: no fertilizer (CK) and low N (N1), low N plus low P (N1P1), high N (N2), and high N plus high P (N2P2) fertilizer. Long-term fertilization resulted in a significant shift in rhizosphere soil nutrient concentrations. The N fertilization (N1 and N2) did not significantly change rhizosphere AMF species diversity, but N plus P fertilization (N1P1 and N2P2) decreased it compared with CK. Non-metric multidimensional scaling showed that the rhizosphere AMF communities in CK, N1, N2, N1P1 and N2P2 treatments were distinct from each other. The AMF communities were predominantly composed of Glomeraceae, accounting for 30.0–39.1% of the sequences, and the relative abundance of family Glomeraceae was more abundance in fertilized soils, while family Paraglomeraceae were increased in N1 and N2 compared with CK. Analysis shown that AMF diversity was directly affected by soil C:P ratio but indirectly affected by plant under long-term fertilization. Overall, the results indicated that long-term N and P fertilization regimes changed rhizosphere AMF diversity and community composition, and rhizosphere AMF diversity was both affected by soil C:P ratio and plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Wang
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingchao Ma
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dawei Guan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Wei
- The Institute of Soil Fertility and Environmental Sources, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Fengming Cao
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaowei Kang
- College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Changbin Chu
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhang Wu
- Eco-environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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41
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Lu Y, Liu X, Chen F, Zhou S. Shifts in plant community composition weaken the negative effect of nitrogen addition on community-level arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20200483. [PMID: 32453987 PMCID: PMC7287364 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.0483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen addition affects plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) association greatly. However, although the direct effect of nitrogen addition on AMF colonization has received investigation, its indirect effect through shifts in plant community composition has never been quantified. Based on a 7-year nitrogen addition experiment in an alpine meadow of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we investigated the effects of nitrogen addition on plant community, AMF diversity and colonization, and disentangled the direct and indirect effects of nitrogen addition on community AMF colonization. At plant species level, nitrogen addition significantly decreased root colonization rate and altered AMF community composition, but with no significant effect on AMF richness. At plant community level, plant species richness and AMF colonization rate decreased with nitrogen addition. Plant species increasing in abundance after nitrogen addition were those with higher AMF colonization rates in natural conditions, resulting in an increased indirect effect induced by alternation in plant community composition with nitrogen addition, whereas the direct effect was negative and decreased with nitrogen addition. Overall, we illustrate the effect of nitrogen addition and plant species in influencing the AMF diversity, demonstrate how shifts in plant community composition (indirect effect) weaken the negative direct effect of nitrogen addition on community-level AMF colonization rate, and emphasize the importance of plant community-mediated mechanisms in regulating ecosystem functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shurong Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, People's Republic of China
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42
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Lara-Pérez LA, Oros-Ortega I, Córdova-Lara I, Estrada-Medina H, O'Connor-Sánchez A, Góngora-Castillo E, Sáenz-Carbonell L. Seasonal shifts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Cocos nucifera roots in Yucatan, Mexico. MYCORRHIZA 2020; 30:269-283. [PMID: 32242246 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The diversity and community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with coconut (Cocos nucifera) roots was evaluated by next generation sequencing (NGS) using partial sequences of the 18S rDNA gene and by spore isolation and morphological identification from rhizosphere soil. Root samples from six different Green Dwarf coconut plantations and from one organic plantation surrounded by tropical dry forest along the coastal sand dunes in Yucatan, Mexico, were collected during the rainy and dry seasons. In total, 14 root samples were sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq platform. Additionally, soil samples from the dry season were collected to identify AMF glomerospores. Based on a 95-97% similarity, a total of 36 virtual taxa (VT) belonging to nine genera were identified including one new genus-like clade. Glomus was the most abundant genus, both in number of VT and sequences. The comparison of dry and rainy season samples revealed differences in the richness and composition of AMF communities colonizing coconut roots. Our study shows that the main AMF genera associated with coconut tree roots in all samples were Glomus, Sclerocystis, Rhizophagus, Redeckera, and Diversispora. Based on glomerospore morphology, 22 morphospecies were recorded among which 14 were identified to species. Sclerocystis sinuosa, Sclerocystis rubiformis, Glomus microaggregatum, and Acaulospora scrobiculata were dominant in field rhizosphere samples. This is the first assessment of the composition of AMF communities colonizing coconut roots in rainy and dry seasons. It is of importance for selection of AMF species to investigate for their potential application in sustainable agriculture of coconut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Lara-Pérez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
- Instituto Tecnológico de la Zona Maya, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Carretera Chetumal-Escárcega km 21.5, C.P. 77965, Ejido Juan Sarabia, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - Iván Oros-Ortega
- Instituto Tecnológico de la Zona Maya, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Carretera Chetumal-Escárcega km 21.5, C.P. 77965, Ejido Juan Sarabia, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - Iván Córdova-Lara
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Héctor Estrada-Medina
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Manejo y Conservación de Recursos Naturales Tropicales, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Aileen O'Connor-Sánchez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Elsa Góngora-Castillo
- CONACYT-Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Luis Sáenz-Carbonell
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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43
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Šmilauer P, Šmilauerová M, Kotilínek M, Košnar J. Foraging speed and precision of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under field conditions: An experimental approach. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1574-1587. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Šmilauer
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Marie Šmilauerová
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Milan Kotilínek
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Košnar
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
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44
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Thirkell T, Cameron D, Hodge A. Contrasting Nitrogen Fertilisation Rates Alter Mycorrhizal Contribution to Barley Nutrition in a Field Trial. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1312. [PMID: 31736991 PMCID: PMC6831614 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Controlled environment studies show that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may contribute to plant nitrogen (N) uptake, but the role of these near-ubiquitous symbionts in crop plant N nutrition under natural field conditions remains largely unknown. In a field trial, we tested the effects of N fertilisation and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar identity on the contribution of AMF to barley N uptake using 15N tracers added to rhizosphere soil compartments. AMF were shown capable of significantly increasing plant 15N acquisition from root exclusion zones, and this was influenced by nitrogen addition type, N fertiliser application rate and barley cultivar identity. Our data demonstrate a previously overlooked potential route of crop plant N uptake which may be influenced substantially and rapidly in response to shifting agricultural management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Thirkell
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Cameron
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Hodge
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Frew
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
- Institute for Land, Water and Society Charles Sturt University Albury New South Wales Australia
| | - Jodi N. Price
- Institute for Land, Water and Society Charles Sturt University Albury New South Wales Australia
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46
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Wilkinson TDJ, Miranda JP, Ferrari J, Hartley SE, Hodge A. Aphids Influence Soil Fungal Communities in Conventional Agricultural Systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:895. [PMID: 31354767 PMCID: PMC6640087 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbioses with the roots of most plant species, including cereals. AMF can increase the uptake of nutrients including nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and of silicon (Si) as well as increase host resistance to various stresses. Plants can simultaneously interact with above-ground insect herbivores such as aphids, which can alter the proportion of plant roots colonized by AMF. However, it is unknown if aphids impact the structure of AMF communities colonizing plants or the extent of the extraradical mycelium produced in the soil, both of which can influence the defensive and nutritional benefit a plant derives from the symbiosis. This study investigated the effect of aphids on the plant-AMF interaction in a conventionally managed agricultural system. As plants also interact with other soil fungi, the non-AMF fungal community was also investigated. We hypothesized that aphids would depress plant growth, and reduce intraradical AMF colonization, soil fungal hyphal density and the diversity of AM and non-AM fungal communities. To test the effects of aphids, field plots of barley enclosed with insect proof cages were inoculated with Sitobion avenae or remained uninoculated. AMF specific and total fungal amplicon sequencing assessed root fungal communities 46 days after aphid addition. Aphids did not impact above-ground plant biomass, but did increase the grain N:P ratio. Whilst aphid presence had no impact on AMF intraradical colonization, soil fungal hyphal length density, or AMF community characteristics, there was a trend for the aphid treatment to increase vesicle numbers and the relative abundance of the AMF family Gigasporaceae. Contrary to expectations, the aphid treatment also increased the evenness of the total fungal community. This suggests that aphids can influence soil communities in conventional arable systems, a result that could have implications for multitrophic feedback loops between crop pests and soil organisms across the above-below-ground interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julia Ferrari
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Sue E. Hartley
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- York Environmental Sustainability Institute, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Hodge
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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47
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Li X, Li T, Meng D, Liu T, Liu Y, Yin H, Deng J, Zeng S, Shen L. Stochastic and deterministic drivers of seasonal variation of fungal community in tobacco field soil. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6962. [PMID: 31231594 PMCID: PMC6573846 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The soil fungal community plays an important role in global carbon cycling and shows obvious seasonal variations, however, drivers, particularly stochastic drivers, of the seasonal variation in the fungal community have never been addressed in sufficient detail. Methods We investigated the soil fungal community variation between summer growing (SG) and winter fallow (WF) stage, through high throughput sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicons. Subsequently, we assessed the contribution of different ecological processes to community assembly using null-model-based statistical framework. Results The results showed that the fungal community diversity decreased significantly after tobacco cropping in the SG stage and the composition showed a clear turnover between the WF and SG stages. The variation in community composition was largely attributable to the presence of a small portion of Dothideomycetes in the WF stage that dominated the soil fungal community in the SG stage. The organic matter, temperature, and water content were the main deterministic factors that regulated the fungal community; these factors explained 34.02% of the fungal community variation. Together with the result that the fungal community was mainly assembled by the dispersal process, our results suggested that the stochastic factors played important roles in driving the seasonal variation of fungal community. The dispersal limitation dominated the fungal community assembly during the WF stage when homogenizing dispersal was the main assembly process of the fungal community in the SG stage. Thus, we proposed that the dispersal processes are important drivers for seasonal variation of fungal community in tobacco planted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Tianming Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Delong Meng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Tianbo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Deng
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songrong Zeng
- Hery Fok Collge of Life Sciences, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
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48
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Kandlikar GS, Johnson CA, Yan X, Kraft NJB, Levine JM. Winning and losing with microbes: how microbially mediated fitness differences influence plant diversity. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:1178-1191. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav S. Kandlikar
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA USA
| | | | - Xinyi Yan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Nathan J. B. Kraft
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Jonathan M. Levine
- Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton NJ USA
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49
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Bennett JA, Klironomos J. Mechanisms of plant-soil feedback: interactions among biotic and abiotic drivers. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:91-96. [PMID: 30451287 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 91 I. Introduction 91 II. Primary PSF mechanisms 91 III. Factors mediating the mechanisms of PSF 93 IV. Conclusions and future directions 94 Acknowledgements 95 Author contributions 95 References 95 SUMMARY: Plant-soil feedback (PSF) occurs when plants alter soil properties that influence the performance of seedlings, with consequent effects on plant populations and communities. Many processes influence PSF, including changes in nutrient availability and the accumulation of natural enemies, mutualists or secondary chemicals. Typically, these mechanisms are investigated in isolation, yet no single mechanism is likely to be completely responsible for PSF as these processes can interact. Further, the outcome depends on which resources are limiting and the other plants and soil biota in the surrounding environment. As such, understanding the mechanisms of PSF and their role within plant communities requires quantification of the interactions among the processes influencing PSF and the associated abiotic and biotic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Bennett
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - John Klironomos
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
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50
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Zhang H, Qin Z, Chu Y, Li X, Christie P, Zhang J, Gai J. Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and non-host Carex capillacea. MYCORRHIZA 2019; 29:149-157. [PMID: 30693375 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-019-00882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A topic of confusion over the interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and plants is the mycorrhizal status of some plant families such as Cyperaceae, which is generally considered to be non-mycorrhizal. Here, we conducted experiments to explore how the abiotic environmental conditions and AM network influence the interactions between AM fungi and Carex capillacea. We grew Carex capillacea alone or together with a mycorrhizal host species Medicago sativa in the presence or absence of AM fungi (soil inoculum from Mount Segrila and Rhizophagus intraradices from the Chinese Bank of the Glomeromycota, BGC). Plants were grown in a growth chamber and at two elevational sites of Mount Segrila, respectively. The results indicate that mycorrhizal host plants ensured the presence of an active AM fungal network whether under growth chamber or alpine conditions. The AM fungal network significantly depressed the growth of C. capillacea, especially when native inocula were used and the plants grew under alpine site conditions, although root colonization of C. capillacea increased in most cases. Moreover, the colonization level of C. capillacea was much higher (≤ 30%) when growing under alpine conditions compared with growth chamber conditions (< 8.5%). Up to 20% root colonization by Rhizophagus intraradices was observed in monocultures under alpine conditions. A significant negative relationship was found between shoot phosphorus concentrations in M. sativa and shoot dry mass of C. capillacea. These results indicate that growing conditions, AM network, and inoculum source are all important factors affecting the susceptibility of C. capillacea to AM fungi, and growing conditions might be a key driver of the interactions between AM fungi and C. capillacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zefeng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant-soil Interactions, Chinese Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Peter Christie
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junling Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant-soil Interactions, Chinese Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jingping Gai
- Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Beijing, China.
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant-soil Interactions, Chinese Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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