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Abadie C, Lalande J, Dourmap C, Limami AM, Tcherkez G. Leaf day respiration involves multiple carbon sources and depends on previous dark metabolism. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2146-2162. [PMID: 38444114 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Day respiration (Rd) is the metabolic, nonphotorespiratory process by which illuminated leaves liberate CO2 during photosynthesis. Rd is used routinely in photosynthetic models and is thus critical for calculations. However, metabolic details associated with Rd are poorly known, and this can be problematic to predict how Rd changes with environmental conditions and relates to night respiration. It is often assumed that day respiratory CO2 release just reflects 'ordinary' catabolism (glycolysis and Krebs 'cycle'). Here, we carried out a pulse-chase experiment, whereby a 13CO2 pulse in the light was followed by a chase period in darkness and then in the light. We took advantage of nontargeted, isotope-assisted metabolomics to determine non-'ordinary' metabolism, detect carbon remobilisation and compare light and dark 13C utilisation. We found that several concurrent metabolic pathways ('ordinary' catabolism, oxidative pentose phosphates pathway, amino acid production, nucleotide biosynthesis and secondary metabolism) took place in the light and participated in net CO2 efflux associated with day respiration. Flux reconstruction from metabolomics leads to an underestimation of Rd, further suggesting the contribution of a variety of CO2-evolving processes. Also, the cornerstone of the Krebs 'cycle', citrate, is synthetised de novo from photosynthates mostly in darkness, and remobilised or synthesised from stored material in the light. Collectively, our data provides direct evidence that leaf day respiration (i) involves several CO2-producing reactions and (ii) is fed by different carbon sources, including stored carbon disconnected from current photosynthates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Abadie
- Institut de recherche en horticulture et semences, INRAe, Université d'Angers, Beaucouzé, France
- Ecophysiologie et génomique fonctionnelle de la vigne, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, INRAe, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave-d'Ornon, France
| | - Julie Lalande
- Institut de recherche en horticulture et semences, INRAe, Université d'Angers, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Corentin Dourmap
- Institut de recherche en horticulture et semences, INRAe, Université d'Angers, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Anis M Limami
- Institut de recherche en horticulture et semences, INRAe, Université d'Angers, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Guillaume Tcherkez
- Institut de recherche en horticulture et semences, INRAe, Université d'Angers, Beaucouzé, France
- Research School of Biology, ANU College of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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2
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Jangra A, Kumar K, Maikhuri S, Bhandari MS, Pandey S, Singh H, Barthwal S. Unveiling stress-adapted endophytic bacteria: Characterizing plant growth-promoting traits and assessing cross-inoculation effects on Populus deltoides under abiotic stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108610. [PMID: 38615447 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
In the face of the formidable environmental challenges precipitated by the ongoing climate change, Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) are gaining widespread acknowledgement for their potential as biofertilizers, biocontrol agents, and microbial inoculants. However, a knowledge gap pertains to the ability of PGPB to improve stress tolerance in forestry species via cross-inoculation. To address this gap, the current investigation centres on PGPBs, namely, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Cronobacter muytjensii, and Priestia endophytica, selected from the phyllosphere of robust and healthy plants thriving in the face of stress-inducing conditions. These strains were selected based on their demonstrated adaptability to saline, arid, and nitrogen-deficient environments. The utilization of PGPB treatment resulted in an improvement of stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) in poplar plants exposed to both salt and drought stress. It also induced an increase in essential biochemical components such as proline (PRO), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These reactions were accompanied by a decrease in leaf malonaldehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage (EL). Furthermore, the PGPB treatment demonstrated a notable enhancement in nutrient absorption, particularly nitrogen and carbon, achieved through the solubilization of nutrients. The estimation of canopy temperature via thermal imaging proved to be an efficient method for distinguishing stress reactions in poplar than conventional temperature recording techniques. In summation, the utilization of PGPB especially Cronobacter muytjensii in this study, yielded profound improvements in the stress tolerance of poplar plants, manifesting in reduced membrane lipid peroxidation, enhanced photosynthesis, and bolstered antioxidant capacity within the leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Jangra
- Plant Physiology Discipline, Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Kishan Kumar
- Plant Physiology Discipline, Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Sandeep Maikhuri
- Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Maneesh S Bhandari
- Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 195, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Shailesh Pandey
- Forest Pathology Discipline, Division of Forest Protection, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Hukum Singh
- Plant Physiology Discipline, Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Santan Barthwal
- Plant Physiology Discipline, Division of Genetics & Tree Improvement, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, 248 006, Uttarakhand, India.
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3
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Rossouw GC, Orr R, Bennett D, Bally ISE. The roles of non-structural carbohydrates in fruiting: a review focusing on mango ( Mangifera indica). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23195. [PMID: 38588720 DOI: 10.1071/fp23195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Reproductive development of fruiting trees, including mango (Mangifera indica L.), is limited by non-structural carbohydrates. Competition for sugars increases with cropping, and consequently, vegetative growth and replenishment of starch reserves may reduce with high yields, resulting in interannual production variability. While the effect of crop load on photosynthesis and the distribution of starch within the mango tree has been studied, the contribution of starch and sugars to different phases of reproductive development requires attention. This review focuses on mango and examines the roles of non-structural carbohydrates in fruiting trees to clarify the repercussions of crop load on reproductive development. Starch buffers the plant's carbon availability to regulate supply with demand, while sugars provide a direct resource for carbon translocation. Sugar signalling and interactions with phytohormones play a crucial role in flowering, fruit set, growth, ripening and retention, as well as regulating starch, sugar and secondary metabolites in fruit. The balance between the leaf and fruit biomass affects the availability and contributions of starch and sugars to fruiting. Crop load impacts photosynthesis and interactions between sources and sinks. As a result, the onset and rate of reproductive processes are affected, with repercussions for fruit size, composition, and the inter-annual bearing pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard C Rossouw
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba Research Facility, Mareeba 4880, Qld, Australia
| | - Ryan Orr
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba Research Facility, Mareeba 4880, Qld, Australia
| | - Dale Bennett
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba Research Facility, Mareeba 4880, Qld, Australia
| | - Ian S E Bally
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba Research Facility, Mareeba 4880, Qld, Australia
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4
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Fu T, Wang C, Yang Y, Yang X, Wang J, Zhang L, Wang Z, Wang Y. Function identification of miR159a, a positive regulator during poplar resistance to drought stress. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad221. [PMID: 38077498 PMCID: PMC10709547 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Drought seriously affects the growth and development of plants. MiR159 is a highly conserved and abundant microRNA family that plays a crucial role in plant growth and stress responses. However, studies of its function in woody plants are still lacking. Here, the expression of miR159a was significantly upregulated after drought treatment in poplar, and the overexpression of miR159a (OX159a) significantly reduced the open area of the stomata and improved water-use efficiency in poplar. After drought treatment, OX159a lines had better scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species and damage of the membrane system was less than that in wild-type lines. MYB was the target gene of miR159a, as verified by psRNATarget prediction, RT-qPCR, degradome sequencing, and 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5' RACE). Additionally, miR159a-short tandem target mimic suppression (STTM) poplar lines showed increased sensitivity to drought stress. Transcriptomic analysis comparing OX159a lines with wild-type lines revealed upregulation of a series of genes related to response to water deprivation and metabolite synthesis. Moreover, drought-responsive miR172d and miR398 were significantly upregulated and downregulated respectively in OX159a lines. This investigation demonstrated that miR159a played a key role in the tolerance of poplar to drought by reducing stomata open area, increasing the number and total area of xylem vessels, and enhancing water-use efficiency, and provided new insights into the role of plant miR159a and crucial candidate genes for the molecular breeding of trees with tolerance to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuzhang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lichun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zeqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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5
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Sun Y, Gu L, Wen J, van der Tol C, Porcar-Castell A, Joiner J, Chang CY, Magney T, Wang L, Hu L, Rascher U, Zarco-Tejada P, Barrett CB, Lai J, Han J, Luo Z. From remotely sensed solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence to ecosystem structure, function, and service: Part I-Harnessing theory. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2926-2952. [PMID: 36799496 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is a remotely sensed optical signal emitted during the light reactions of photosynthesis. The past two decades have witnessed an explosion in availability of SIF data at increasingly higher spatial and temporal resolutions, sparking applications in diverse research sectors (e.g., ecology, agriculture, hydrology, climate, and socioeconomics). These applications must deal with complexities caused by tremendous variations in scale and the impacts of interacting and superimposing plant physiology and three-dimensional vegetation structure on the emission and scattering of SIF. At present, these complexities have not been overcome. To advance future research, the two companion reviews aim to (1) develop an analytical framework for inferring terrestrial vegetation structures and function that are tied to SIF emission, (2) synthesize progress and identify challenges in SIF research via the lens of multi-sector applications, and (3) map out actionable solutions to tackle these challenges and offer our vision for research priorities over the next 5-10 years based on the proposed analytical framework. This paper is the first of the two companion reviews, and theory oriented. It introduces a theoretically rigorous yet practically applicable analytical framework. Guided by this framework, we offer theoretical perspectives on three overarching questions: (1) The forward (mechanism) question-How are the dynamics of SIF affected by terrestrial ecosystem structure and function? (2) The inference question: What aspects of terrestrial ecosystem structure, function, and service can be reliably inferred from remotely sensed SIF and how? (3) The innovation question: What innovations are needed to realize the full potential of SIF remote sensing for real-world applications under climate change? The analytical framework elucidates that process complexity must be appreciated in inferring ecosystem structure and function from the observed SIF; this framework can serve as a diagnosis and inference tool for versatile applications across diverse spatial and temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Lianhong Gu
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jiaming Wen
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Christiaan van der Tol
- Affiliation Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Porcar-Castell
- Optics of Photosynthesis Laboratory, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR)/Forest Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joanna Joiner
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, Maryland, USA
| | - Christine Y Chang
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Adaptive Cropping Systems Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Troy Magney
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Leiqiu Hu
- Department of Atmospheric and Earth Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Uwe Rascher
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Pablo Zarco-Tejada
- School of Agriculture and Food (SAF-FVAS) and Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology (IE-FEIT), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher B Barrett
- Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jiameng Lai
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jimei Han
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Zhenqi Luo
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Soil and Crop Sciences Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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6
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Holness S, Bechtold U, Mullineaux P, Serino G, Vittorioso P. Highlight Induced Transcriptional Priming against a Subsequent Drought Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6608. [PMID: 37047580 PMCID: PMC10095447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In plants, priming allows a more rapid and robust response to recurring stresses. However, while the nature of plant response to a single stress can affect the subsequent response to the same stress has been deeply studied, considerably less is known on how the priming effect due to one stress can help plants cope with subsequent different stresses, a situation that can be found in natural ecosystems. Here, we investigate the potential priming effects in Arabidopsis plants subjected to a high light (HL) stress followed by a drought (D) stress. The cross-stress tolerance was assessed at the physiological and molecular levels. Our data demonstrated that HL mediated transcriptional priming on the expression of specific stress response genes. Furthermore, this priming effect involves both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent responses, as also supported by reduced expression of these genes in the aba1-3 mutant compared to the wild type. We have also assessed several physiological parameters with the aim of seeing if gene expression coincides with any physiological changes. Overall, the results from the physiological measurements suggested that these physiological processes did not experience metabolic changes in response to the stresses. In addition, we show that the H3K4me3 epigenetic mark could be a good candidate as an epigenetic mark in priming response. Overall, our results help to elucidate how HL-mediated priming can limit D-stress and enhance plant responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyanni Holness
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ulrike Bechtold
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | | | - Giovanna Serino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Vittorioso
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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7
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Bauwe H. Photorespiration - Rubisco's repair crew. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153899. [PMID: 36566670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The photorespiratory repair pathway (photorespiration in short) was set up from ancient metabolic modules about three billion years ago in cyanobacteria, the later ancestors of chloroplasts. These prokaryotes developed the capacity for oxygenic photosynthesis, i.e. the use of water as a source of electrons and protons (with O2 as a by-product) for the sunlight-driven synthesis of ATP and NADPH for CO2 fixation in the Calvin cycle. However, the CO2-binding enzyme, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (known under the acronym Rubisco), is not absolutely selective for CO2 and can also use O2 in a side reaction. It then produces 2-phosphoglycolate (2PG), the accumulation of which would inhibit and potentially stop the Calvin cycle and subsequently photosynthetic electron transport. Photorespiration removes the 2-PG and in this way prevents oxygenic photosynthesis from poisoning itself. In plants, the core of photorespiration consists of ten enzymes distributed over three different types of organelles, requiring interorganellar transport and interaction with several auxiliary enzymes. It goes together with the release and to some extent loss of freshly fixed CO2. This disadvantageous feature can be suppressed by CO2-concentrating mechanisms, such as those that evolved in C4 plants thirty million years ago, which enhance CO2 fixation and reduce 2PG synthesis. Photorespiration itself provided a pioneer variant of such mechanisms in the predecessors of C4 plants, C3-C4 intermediate plants. This article is a review and update particularly on the enzyme components of plant photorespiration and their catalytic mechanisms, on the interaction of photorespiration with other metabolism and on its impact on the evolution of photosynthesis. This focus was chosen because a better knowledge of the enzymes involved and how they are embedded in overall plant metabolism can facilitate the targeted use of the now highly advanced methods of metabolic network modelling and flux analysis. Understanding photorespiration more than before as a process that enables, rather than reduces, plant photosynthesis, will help develop rational strategies for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Bauwe
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3, D-18051, Rostock, Germany.
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8
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Lavely E, Iavorivska L, Uyi O, Eissenstat DM, Walsh B, Primka EJ, Harper J, Hoover K. Impacts of short-term feeding by spotted lanternfly ( Lycorma delicatula) on ecophysiology of young hardwood trees in a common garden. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 2:1080124. [PMID: 38468764 PMCID: PMC10926534 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2022.1080124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Spotted lanternfly (SLF; Lycorma delicatula White; Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) invaded the US from Asia and was first detected in 2014; currently, populations have established in 14 states primarily in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic. It feeds voraciously on phloem sap from a broad range of host plants, with a preference for tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima [Sapindales: Simaroubaceae]), grapevines (Vitis spp. [Vitales: Vitaceae]), and several common hardwood tree species. We evaluated the impacts of fourth instars and adults confined to a single branch or whole trees on gas exchange attributes (carbon assimilation [photosynthetic rate], transpiration and stomatal conductance), selected nutrients, and diameter growth using young saplings of four host tree species planted in a common garden. In general, the effects of adults on trees were greater than nymphs, although there was variation depending on tree species, pest density, and time post-infestation. Nymphs on a single branch of red maple (Acer rubrum [Sapindales: Sapindaceae]), or silver maple (Acer saccharinum [Sapindales: Sapindaceae]) at three densities (0, 15, or 30) had no significant effects on gas exchange. In contrast, 40 adults confined to a single branch of red or silver maple rapidly suppressed gas exchange and reduced nitrogen concentration in leaves; soluble sugars in branch wood were reduced in the fall for silver maple and in the following spring for red maple. Fourth instars confined to whole silver maple trees reduced soluble sugars in leaves and branch wood, and reduced tree diameter growth by >50% during the next growing season. In contrast, fourth instars in whole tree enclosures had no effects on black walnut (Juglans nigra [Fagales: Juglandaceae]). SLF enclosed on tree of heaven at 80 adults per tree suppressed gas exchange after two weeks of feeding, but did not alter non-structural carbohydrates, nitrogen concentrations, or tree growth. Results suggest that moderate to heavy feeding by SLF on young maple saplings may impair tree growth, which could have implications for production nurseries and forest managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Lavely
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Oceana County Extension Office, Michigan State University, Hart, MI, United States
| | - Lidiia Iavorivska
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Osariyekemwen Uyi
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, United States
| | - David M. Eissenstat
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Brian Walsh
- Penn State Extension, Pennsylvania State University, Leesport, PA, United States
| | - Edward J. Primka
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, University of Oklahoma, Stillwater, OK, United States
| | - Jeremy Harper
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Kelli Hoover
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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9
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Galeriani TM, Neves GO, Santos Ferreira JH, Oliveira RN, Oliveira SL, Calonego JC, Crusciol CAC. Calcium and Boron Fertilization Improves Soybean Photosynthetic Efficiency and Grain Yield. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2937. [PMID: 36365390 PMCID: PMC9657382 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Foliar fertilization with calcium (Ca) and boron (B) at flowering can promote flower retention and pod fixation, thereby increasing the number of pods per plant and, in turn, crop productivity. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of Ca + B fertilization during flowering on the nutritional, metabolic and yield performance of soybean (Glycine max L.) The treatments consisted of the presence and the absence of Ca + B fertilization in two growing seasons. Crop nutritional status, gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic enzyme activity (Rubisco), total soluble sugar content, total leaf protein concentration, agronomic parameters, and grain yield were evaluated. Foliar Ca + B fertilization increased water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency, and the improvement in photosynthesis led to higher leaf sugar and protein concentrations. The improvement in metabolic activity promoted a greater number of pods and grains plant-1, culminating in higher yields. These results indicate that foliar fertilization with Ca + B can efficiently improve carbon metabolism, resulting in better yields in soybean.
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10
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Feng Y, Nguyen TH, Alam MS, Emberson L, Gaiser T, Ewert F, Frei M. Identifying and modelling key physiological traits that confer tolerance or sensitivity to ozone in winter wheat. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119251. [PMID: 35390418 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone threatens crop production in many parts of the world, especially in highly populated countries in economic transition. Crop models suggest substantial global yield losses for wheat, but typically such models fail to address differences in ozone responses between tolerant and sensitive genotypes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify physiological traits contributing to yield losses or yield stability under ozone stress in 18 contrasting wheat cultivars that had been pre-selected from a larger wheat population with known ozone tolerance. Plants were exposed to season-long ozone fumigation in open-top chambers at an average ozone concentration of 70 ppb with three additional acute ozone episodes of around 150 ppb. Compared to control conditions, average yield loss was 18.7 percent, but large genotypic variation was observed ranging from 2.7 to 44.6 percent. Foliar chlorophyll content represented by normalized difference vegetation index and net CO2 assimilation rate of young leaves during grain filling were the physiological traits most strongly correlated with grain yield losses or stability. Accumulative effects of chronic ozone exposure on photosynthesis were more detrimental for grain yield than instantaneous effects of acute ozone shocks, or accelerated senescence of older leaves represented by changes in the ratio of brown leaf area/green leaf area index. We used experimental data of two selected tolerant or sensitive varieties, respectively, to parametrize the LINTULCC2 crop model expanded with an ozone response routine. By specifying parameters representing the distinct physiological responses of contrasting genotypes, we simulated yield losses of 7 percent (tolerant) or 33 percent (sensitive). By considering genotypic differences in ozone response models, this study helps to improve the accuracy of simulation studies, estimate the effects of adaptive breeding, and identify physiological traits for the breeding of ozone tolerant wheat varieties that could deliver stable yields despite ozone exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Feng
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany; Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thuy Huu Nguyen
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Shahedul Alam
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lisa Emberson
- Environment and Geography Department, University of York, YO10 5NG, UK
| | - Thomas Gaiser
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Ewert
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany; Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute of Landscape Systems Analysis, 15374, Muencheberg, Germany
| | - Michael Frei
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390, Giessen, Germany.
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11
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Zhao HL, Chang TG, Xiao Y, Zhu XG. Potential metabolic mechanisms for inhibited chloroplast nitrogen assimilation under high CO2. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1812-1833. [PMID: 34618071 PMCID: PMC8566258 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Improving photosynthesis is considered a major and feasible option to dramatically increase crop yield potential. Increased atmospheric CO2 concentration often stimulates both photosynthesis and crop yield, but decreases protein content in the main C3 cereal crops. This decreased protein content in crops constrains the benefits of elevated CO2 on crop yield and affects their nutritional value for humans. To support studies of photosynthetic nitrogen assimilation and its complex interaction with photosynthetic carbon metabolism for crop improvement, we developed a dynamic systems model of plant primary metabolism, which includes the Calvin-Benson cycle, the photorespiration pathway, starch synthesis, glycolysis-gluconeogenesis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and chloroplastic nitrogen assimilation. This model successfully captures responses of net photosynthetic CO2 uptake rate (A), respiration rate, and nitrogen assimilation rate to different irradiance and CO2 levels. We then used this model to predict inhibition of nitrogen assimilation under elevated CO2. The potential mechanisms underlying inhibited nitrogen assimilation under elevated CO2 were further explored with this model. Simulations suggest that enhancing the supply of α-ketoglutarate is a potential strategy to maintain high rates of nitrogen assimilation under elevated CO2. This model can be used as a heuristic tool to support research on interactions between photosynthesis, respiration, and nitrogen assimilation. It also provides a basic framework to support the design and engineering of C3 plant primary metabolism for enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and nitrogen assimilation in the coming high-CO2 world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Long Zhao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tian-Gen Chang
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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12
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Yin X, Busch FA, Struik PC, Sharkey TD. Evolution of a biochemical model of steady-state photosynthesis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2811-2837. [PMID: 33872407 PMCID: PMC8453732 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
On the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the publication of the landmark model by Farquhar, von Caemmerer & Berry on steady-state C3 photosynthesis (known as the "FvCB model"), we review three major further developments of the model. These include: (1) limitation by triose phosphate utilization, (2) alternative electron transport pathways, and (3) photorespiration-associated nitrogen and C1 metabolisms. We discussed the relation of the third extension with the two other extensions, and some equivalent extensions to model C4 photosynthesis. In addition, the FvCB model has been coupled with CO2 -diffusion models. We review how these extensions and integration have broadened the use of the FvCB model in understanding photosynthesis, especially with regard to bioenergetic stoichiometries associated with photosynthetic quantum yields. Based on the new insights, we present caveats in applying the FvCB model. Further research needs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyou Yin
- Centre for Crop Systems AnalysisWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Florian A. Busch
- School of Biosciences and Birmingham Institute of Forest ResearchUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Paul C. Struik
- Centre for Crop Systems AnalysisWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas D. Sharkey
- MSU‐DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Plant Resilience InstituteMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
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13
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Tcherkez G, Atkin OK. Unravelling mechanisms and impacts of day respiration in plant leaves: an introduction to a Virtual Issue. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:5-10. [PMID: 33650185 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Tcherkez
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, ANU College of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Owen K Atkin
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, ANU College of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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14
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13C Isotope Labelling to Follow the Flux of Photorespiratory Intermediates. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030427. [PMID: 33668274 PMCID: PMC7996249 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Measuring the carbon flux through metabolic pathways in intact illuminated leaves remains challenging because of, e.g., isotopic dilution by endogenous metabolites, the impossibility to reach isotopic steady state, and the occurrence of multiple pools. In the case of photorespiratory intermediates, our knowledge of the partitioning between photorespiratory recycling, storage, and utilization by other pathways is thus rather limited. There has been some controversy as to whether photorespiratory glycine and serine may not be recycled, thus changing the apparent stoichiometric coefficient between photorespiratory O2 fixation and CO2 release. We describe here an isotopic method to trace the fates of glycine, serine and glycerate, taking advantage of positional 13C content with NMR and isotopic analyses by LC–MS. This technique is well-adapted to show that the proportion of glycerate, serine and glycine molecules escaping photorespiratory recycling is very small.
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15
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Abadie C, Lalande J, Limami AM, Tcherkez G. Non-targeted 13 C metabolite analysis demonstrates broad re-orchestration of leaf metabolism when gas exchange conditions vary. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:445-457. [PMID: 33165970 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is common practice to manipulate CO2 and O2 mole fraction during gas-exchange experiments to suppress or exacerbate photorespiration, or simply carry out CO2 response curves. In doing so, it is implicitly assumed that metabolic pathways other than carboxylation and oxygenation are altered minimally. In the past few years, targeted metabolic analyses have shown that this assumption is incorrect, with changes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, anaplerosis (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylation), and nitrogen or sulphur assimilation. However, this problem has never been tackled systematically using non-targeted analyses to embrace all possible affected metabolic pathways. Here, we exploited combined NMR, GC-MS, and LC-MS data and conducted non-targeted analyses on sunflower leaves sampled at different O2 /CO2 ratios in a gas exchange system. The statistical analysis of nearly 4,500 metabolic features not only confirms previous findings on anaplerosis or S assimilation, but also reveals significant changes in branched chain amino acids, phenylpropanoid metabolism, or adenosine turn-over. Noteworthy, all of these pathways involve CO2 assimilation or liberation and thus affect net CO2 exchange. We conclude that manipulating CO2 and O2 mole fraction has a broad effect on metabolism, and this must be taken into account to better understand variations in carboxylation (anaplerotic fixation) or apparent day respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Abadie
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, INRA d'Angers, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Julie Lalande
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, INRA d'Angers, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Anis M Limami
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, INRA d'Angers, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Tcherkez
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, INRA d'Angers, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Research School of Biology, ANU Joint College of Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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16
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Andrews M, Condron LM, Kemp PD, Topping JF, Lindsey K, Hodge S, Raven JA. Will rising atmospheric CO 2 concentration inhibit nitrate assimilation in shoots but enhance it in roots of C 3 plants? PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 170:40-45. [PMID: 32198758 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Bloom et al. proposed that rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations 'inhibit malate production in chloroplasts and thus impede assimilation of nitrate into protein of C3 plants, a phenomenon that will strongly influence primary productivity and food security under the environmental conditions anticipated during the next few decades'. Previously we argued that the weight of evidence in the literature indicated that elevated atmospheric [CO2 ] does not inhibit NO3 - assimilation in C3 plants. New data for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) were presented that supported this view and indicated that the effects of elevated atmospheric [CO2 ] on nitrogen (N) assimilation and growth of C3 vascular plants were similar regardless of the form of N assimilated. Bloom et al. strongly criticised the arguments presented in Andrews et al. Here we respond to these criticisms and again conclude that the available data indicate that elevated atmospheric [CO2 ] does not inhibit NO3 - assimilation of C3 plants. Measurement of the partitioning of NO3 - assimilation between root and shoot of C3 species under different NO3 - supply, at ambient and elevated CO2 would determine if their NO3 - assimilation is inhibited in shoots but enhanced in roots at elevated atmospheric CO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Andrews
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Leo M Condron
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Peter D Kemp
- Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer F Topping
- The Integrative Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Keith Lindsey
- The Integrative Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Simon Hodge
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - John A Raven
- Division of Plant Science, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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17
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You L, Zhang J, Li L, Xiao C, Feng X, Chen S, Guo L, Hu H. Involvement of abscisic acid, ABI5, and PPC2 in plant acclimation to low CO2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4093-4108. [PMID: 32206789 PMCID: PMC7337093 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) plays a pivotal role in the photosynthetic CO2 fixation of C4 plants. However, the functions of PEPCs in C3 plants are less well characterized, particularly in relation to low atmospheric CO2 levels. Of the four genes encoding PEPC in Arabidopsis, PPC2 is considered as the major leaf PEPC gene. Here we show that the ppc2 mutants suffered a growth arrest when transferred to low atmospheric CO2 conditions, together with decreases in the maximum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and lower levels of leaf abscisic acid (ABA) and carbohydrates. The application of sucrose, malate, or ABA greatly rescued the growth of ppc2 lines under low CO2 conditions. Metabolite profiling analysis revealed that the levels of glycine and serine were increased in ppc2 leaves, while the abundance of photosynthetic metabolites was decreased under these conditions. The transcript levels of encoding enzymes involved in glycine or serine metabolism was decreased in ppc2 in an ABI5-dependent manner. Like the ppc2 mutants, abi5-1 mutants had lower photosynthetic rates and Fv/Fm compared with the wild type under photorespiratory conditions (i.e. low CO2 availability). However, the growth of these mutants was similar to that of the wild type under non-photorespiratory (low O2) conditions. The constitutive expression of ABI5 prevented the growth arrest of ppc2 lines under low CO2 conditions. These findings demonstrate that PPC2 plays an important role in the acclimation of Arabidopsis plants to low CO2 availability by linking photorespiratory metabolism to primary metabolism, and that this is mediated, at least in part, through ABA- and ABI5-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanlei Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinhua Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoping Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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18
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Yin X, van der Putten PEL, Belay D, Struik PC. Using photorespiratory oxygen response to analyse leaf mesophyll resistance. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 144:85-99. [PMID: 32040701 PMCID: PMC7113236 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00716-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Classical approaches to estimate mesophyll conductance ignore differences in resistance components for CO2 from intercellular air spaces (IAS) and CO2 from photorespiration (F) and respiration (Rd). Consequently, mesophyll conductance apparently becomes sensitive to (photo)respiration relative to net photosynthesis, (F + Rd)/A. This sensitivity depends on several hard-to-measure anatomical properties of mesophyll cells. We developed a method to estimate the parameter m (0 ≤ m ≤ 1) that lumps these anatomical properties, using gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements where (F + Rd)/A ratios vary. This method was applied to tomato and rice leaves measured at five O2 levels. The estimated m was 0.3 for tomato but 0.0 for rice, suggesting that classical approaches implying m = 0 work well for rice. The mesophyll conductance taking the m factor into account still responded to irradiance, CO2, and O2 levels, similar to response patterns of stomatal conductance to these variables. Largely due to different m values, the fraction of (photo)respired CO2 being refixed within mesophyll cells was lower in tomato than in rice. But that was compensated for by the higher fraction via IAS, making the total re-fixation similar for both species. These results, agreeing with CO2 compensation point estimates, support our method of effectively analysing mesophyll resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyou Yin
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter E L van der Putten
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Belay
- Selale University, P.O. Box 245, Fiche, Ethiopia
| | - Paul C Struik
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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19
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Bloom AJ, Kasemsap P, Rubio-Asensio JS. Rising atmospheric CO 2 concentration inhibits nitrate assimilation in shoots but enhances it in roots of C 3 plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:963-972. [PMID: 31642522 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have proposed that rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations inhibit malate production in chloroplasts and thus impede assimilation of nitrate into protein in shoots of C3 plants, a phenomenon that will strongly influence primary productivity and food security under the environmental conditions anticipated during the next few decades. Although hundreds of studies support this proposal, several publications in 2018 and 2019 purport to present counterevidence. The following study evaluates these publications as well as presents new data that elevated CO2 enhances root nitrate assimilation in wheat and Arabidopsis while it inhibits shoot nitrate assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold J Bloom
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Pornpipat Kasemsap
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - José S Rubio-Asensio
- Department of Irrigation, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Murcia, Spain
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20
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Tcherkez G, Carroll A, Abadie C, Mainguet S, Davanture M, Zivy M. Protein synthesis increases with photosynthesis via the stimulation of translation initiation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 291:110352. [PMID: 31928674 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Leaf protein synthesis is an essential process at the heart of plant nitrogen (N) homeostasis and turnover that preferentially takes place in the light, that is, when N and CO2 fixation occur. The carbon allocation to protein synthesis in illuminated leaves generally accounts for ca. 1 % of net photosynthesis. It is likely that protein synthesis activity varies with photosynthetic conditions (CO2/O2 atmosphere composition) since changes in photorespiration and carbon provision should in principle impact on amino acid supply as well as metabolic regulation via leaf sugar content. However, possible changes in protein synthesis and translation activity when gaseous conditions vary are virtually unknown. Here, we address this question using metabolomics, isotopic techniques, phosphoproteomics and polysome quantitation, under different photosynthetic conditions that were varied with atmospheric CO2 and O2 mole fraction, using illuminated Arabidopsis rosettes under controlled gas exchange conditions. We show that carbon allocation to proteins is within 1-2.5 % of net photosynthesis, increases with photosynthesis rate and is unrelated to total amino acid content. In addition, photosynthesis correlates to polysome abundance and phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins and translation initiation factors. Our results demonstrate that translation activity follows photosynthetic activity, showing the considerable impact of metabolism (carboxylation-oxygenation balance) on protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Tcherkez
- Research School of Biology, ANU Joint College of Sciences, Australian National University, 2601, Canberra, ACT, Australia(1); Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, INRA, Université d'Angers, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49070, Beaucouzé, France(2).
| | - Adam Carroll
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Facility, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, 2601, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Cyril Abadie
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, INRA, Université d'Angers, 42 rue Georges Morel, 49070, Beaucouzé, France(2)
| | - Samuel Mainguet
- Institute of Plant Sciences of Saclay, INRA, University Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marlène Davanture
- Plateforme d'Analyse de Protéomique Paris Sud-Ouest (PAPPSO), GQE Le Moulon, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Ferme du Moulon, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michel Zivy
- Plateforme d'Analyse de Protéomique Paris Sud-Ouest (PAPPSO), GQE Le Moulon, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Ferme du Moulon, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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21
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Sterling A, Rodríguez N, Quiceno E, Trujillo F, Clavijo A, Suárez-Salazar JC. Dynamics of photosynthetic responses in 10 rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) clones in Colombian Amazon: Implications for breeding strategies. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226254. [PMID: 31830108 PMCID: PMC6907818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The rubber tree [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. Ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell.-Arg] is the main source of natural rubber in the world. However, in the Amazon region, its production is reduced by biotic and abiotic limitations, which have prompted breeding programs in order to identify desirable agronomic and physiological indicators. The objective of this study was to analyze the temporal dynamics of photosynthetic responses based on the parameters of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence in 10 rubber tree clones during the immature phase (pre-tapping) in three large-scale clone trials, during daily cycles and under two climatic periods (dry and rainy) in the Caquetá region (Colombian Amazon). The variables A, LT, ΦPSII, ETR and qP were significantly higher in the dry period, where the highest values of PAR, AT and VPD were seen. In San Vicente del Caguán and Florencia, the highest averages were estimated for A, E and gs, as compared with Belén de los Andaquíes. In Florencia, the highest fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll a were recorded. At 9:00 h and 12:00 h, the highest means of A, E, ΦPSII and ETR were observed. The majority of the clones displayed the highest Fv/Fm mean (0.82–0.84) in the dry period. The clones FX 4098, FDR 4575, MDF 180, GU198 and FDR 5788 represent genotypes with the best photosynthetic performance (greater photosynthetic rates and better ability of the photosynthetic apparatus to capture, use and dissipate light energy). These desirable genotypes constitute a promising gene pool for expanding the genetic resource of rubber trees in the Colombian Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Sterling
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi–Facultad de Ciencias Básicas—Universidad de la Amazonía, Florencia, Colombia
- * E-mail:
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi–Facultad de Ciencias Básicas—Universidad de la Amazonía, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Esther Quiceno
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi–Facultad de Ciencias Básicas—Universidad de la Amazonía, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Faiver Trujillo
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi–Facultad de Ciencias Básicas—Universidad de la Amazonía, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Andrés Clavijo
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi–Facultad de Ciencias Básicas—Universidad de la Amazonía, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Juan Carlos Suárez-Salazar
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología, Universidad de la Amazonia, Facultad de Ingeniería, Programa de Ingeniería Agroecológica, Florencia-Caquetá, Colombia
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