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El-Hashim AZ, Khajah MA, Orabi KY, Balakrishnan S, Sary HG, Barakat AM. Treatment with onion bulb extract both prevents and reverses allergic inflammation in a murine model of asthma. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:326-340. [PMID: 38584568 PMCID: PMC11003327 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2335187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Asthma presents a global health challenge. The main pharmacotherapy is synthetic chemicals and biological-based drugs that are costly, and have significant side effects. In contrast, use of natural products, such as onion (Allium cepa L., Amaryllidaceae) in the treatment of airway diseases has increased world-wide because of their perceived efficacy and little safety concerns. However, their pharmacological actions remain largely uncharacterized. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether onion bulb extract (OBE) can (1) reverse established asthma phenotype (therapeutic treatment) and/or (2) prevent the development of the asthma phenotype, if given before the immunization process (preventative treatment). MATERIALS AND METHODS Six groups of male Balb/c mice were established for the therapeutic (21 days) and five groups for the preventative (19 days) treatment protocols; including PBS and house dust mite (HDM)-challenged mice treated with vehicle or OBE (30, 60, and 100 mg/kg/i.p.). Airways inflammation was determined using cytology, histology, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and serum IgE. RESULTS Therapeutic (60 mg/kg/i.p.) and preventative (100 mg/kg/i.p.) OBE treatment resulted in down-regulation of HDM-induced airway cellular influx, histopathological changes and the increase in expression of pro-inflammatory signaling pathway EGFR, ERK1/2, AKT, pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum IgE. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our data show that OBE is an effective anti-inflammatory agent with both therapeutic and preventative anti-asthma effects. These findings imply that onion/OBE may be used as an adjunct therapeutic agent in established asthma and/or to prevent development of allergic asthma. However, further studies to identify the active constituents, and demonstrate proof-of-concept in humans are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Z. El-Hashim
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Maitham A. Khajah
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Khaled Y. Orabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sowmya Balakrishnan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Hanan G. Sary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ahmad M. Barakat
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Notario Barandiaran L, Bauer JA, Jackson BP, Karagas MR. Fish intake and mercury exposure in young children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119277. [PMID: 38821458 PMCID: PMC11251838 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Fish consumption is one of the main sources of mercury (Hg) exposure, but few studies have examined Hg exposure from fish consumption among children. This study aimed to assess the frequency of fish intake and associations with Hg and other element concentrations among 700 three-year-old children from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Usual fish intake was derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire (Block Questionnaire for ages 2-7) and toenail element concentrations were determined using ICP-MS. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between fish intake and toenail element concentrations. A mixture analysis, using Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, was used to estimate the relative contribution of fish consumption to element exposures. Twenty-three percent of children were reported to consume at least one fish meal/week on average during the previous 6 months. In adjusted linear regression models, children with any type of fish consumption versus no consumption had 108% (95% confidence interval (CI: 68%, 153%)) higher toenail Hg concentrations. To a lesser extent, children consuming "other fish (not fried) including tuna" and "fried fish or fish sticks" had 120% (95% CI: 82%, 164%), and 23% (95% CI: 2%, 51%) higher toenail concentrations, respectively, than those consuming no fish. Using WQS regression, Hg was the element most strongly related to fish consumption. Fish intake among young children was related to Hg exposure even at low levels of consumption. Future studies will need to determine the health consequences of this exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia A Bauer
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Trace Element Analysis Laboratory, Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
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3
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Rodrigues M, Padrão P, Castro Mendes FD, Moreira A, Moreira P. The Planetary Health Diet and Its Association with Asthma and Airway Inflammation in School-Aged Children. Nutrients 2024; 16:2241. [PMID: 39064684 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor dietary choices have been rising concurrently with an increase in asthma prevalence, especially in children. Dietary indexes that simultaneously measure the healthiness and sustainability of dietary patterns have emerged to address the dual concerns of human and planetary health. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate adherence to a sustainable dietary pattern and its impact on airway inflammation and asthma. In this study, 660 school-aged children (49.1% females, 7-12 years) were considered. A cross-sectional analysis was performed to assess the association between diet and asthma and airway inflammation according to overweight/obesity. Diet was evaluated through the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI). Higher scores represent a healthier and more sustainable diet. Three definitions of asthma were considered based on a self-reported medical diagnosis, symptoms, asthma medication, measured lung function, and airway reversibility. Airway inflammation was assessed by exhaled fractional nitric oxide (eNO). We considered two categories of body mass index: non-overweight/non-obese and overweight/obese. The associations between diet with asthma and airway inflammation were estimated using adjusted binary logistic regressions. The odds of having airway inflammation decreased with the increase in PHDI score. Moreover, children in the non-overweight/non-obesity group in the fourth quartile of the PHDI had lower odds of having airway inflammation compared to children in the first quartile. Our study indicates that a healthier and sustainable diet is associated with lower levels of eNO, but only among children without overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Rodrigues
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca de Castro Mendes
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - André Moreira
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Immuno-Allergology Department, São João Hospital Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
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Arabi V, Sasanfar B, Toorang F, Nafei Z, Behniafard N, Salehi-Abargouei A. Association between DASH diet and asthma symptoms among a large sample of adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:92. [PMID: 38937858 PMCID: PMC11210139 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, which has a lot of emphasis on the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and on the other hand, the consumption of red meat and sodium is limited, due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which can be related to reducing the risk of asthma. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the DASH diet and asthma symptoms among children and adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among7667 children (3414 boys and 4253 girls) aged 6-7 and 13-14 years living in central Iran. Dietary food consumption was assessed using a multiple-choice questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios for the association between the DASH-like diet with current asthma and asthma symptoms. RESULTS Our findings revealed that higher adherence to a DASH-like diet resulted in lower odds of asthma confirmed by a doctor among the whole population (OR = 0.53; 95%CI: 0.36-0.76) and also in females (OR = 0.47; 95%CI: 0.29-0.78). Moreover, the higher adherence to the DASH-like diet was inversely associated with the chance of wheezing in the past 12 months in all subjects (OR = 0.67; 95%CI: 0.51-0.86) and in boys (OR = 0.57; 95%CI: 0.38-0.85). CONCLUSION The findings of the present study showed that following the DASH diet can be associated with the improvement of asthma symptoms in children and adolescents. However, more research is needed to improve dietary recommendations for asthma prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Arabi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sasanfar
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Toorang
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Departments of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Zahra Nafei
- Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Ebne Sina Boulevard, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Behniafard
- Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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5
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Salehi Z, Askari M, Jafari A, Ghosn B, Surkan PJ, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Pouraram H, Azadbakht L. Dietary patterns and micronutrients in respiratory infections including COVID-19: a narrative review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1661. [PMID: 38907196 PMCID: PMC11193220 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18760-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a pandemic caused by nCoV-2019, a new beta-coronavirus from Wuhan, China, that mainly affects the respiratory system and can be modulated by nutrition. METHODS This review aims to summarize the current literature on the association between dietary intake and serum levels of micronutrients, malnutrition, and dietary patterns and respiratory infections, including flu, pneumonia, and acute respiratory syndrome, with a focus on COVID-19. We searched for relevant articles in various databases and selected those that met our inclusion criteria. RESULTS Some studies suggest that dietary patterns, malnutrition, and certain nutrients such as vitamins D, E, A, iron, zinc, selenium, magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids, and fiber may have a significant role in preventing respiratory diseases, alleviating symptoms, and lowering mortality rates. However, the evidence is not consistent and conclusive, and more research is needed to clarify the mechanisms and the optimal doses of these dietary components. The impact of omega-3 and fiber on respiratory diseases has been mainly studied in children and adults, respectively, and few studies have examined the effect of dietary components on COVID-19 prevention, with a greater focus on vitamin D. CONCLUSION This review highlights the potential of nutrition as a modifiable factor in the prevention and management of respiratory infections and suggests some directions for future research. However, it also acknowledges the limitations of the existing literature, such as the heterogeneity of the study designs, populations, interventions, and outcomes, and the difficulty of isolating the effects of single nutrients from the complex interactions of the whole diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Salehi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Batoul Ghosn
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Pamela J Surkan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Hamed Pouraram
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR, Iran.
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Vassilopoulou E, Feketea G, Pagkalos I, Rallis D, Milani GP, Agostoni C, Douladiris N, Lakoumentas J, Stefanaki E, Efthymiou Z, Tsabouri S. Complementary Feeding Practices: Recommendations of Pediatricians for Infants with and without Allergy Risk. Nutrients 2024; 16:239. [PMID: 38257132 PMCID: PMC10819658 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the routine guidance provided by pediatricians concerning the timing of complementary feeding (CF) for both healthy infants and those at a heightened risk of allergies. METHODS A total of 233 pediatricians participated in an anonymous online survey that included questions about demographics and recommendations for CF. Specifically, they provided guidance on the types of foods, preparation methods, supplements, time intervals for introducing new foods to infants at low and high allergy risk, and delayed food introductions for high-risk cases. RESULTS The respondents advised introducing certain foods at specific ages: fruits, starchy non-gluten grains, vegetables, olive oil, and meat were appropriate at 6 months; gluten-rich grains at 7 months; yogurt, hard-boiled eggs, and legumes at 8 months; fish at 8.5 months; and nuts at 9 months. Pediatricians, especially those with less than 15 years of practice, often introduced egg, seafood, gluten-rich grains, legumes, and nuts earlier for high-risk infants. Parenthood and male gender were associated with the earlier introduction of eggs and grains. CONCLUSIONS Greek pediatricians follow a structured food introduction schedule for CF in infants. Interestingly, they tend to delay the introduction of common food allergens and recommend longer intervals between introducing new foods, particularly for high-risk infants. Key Notes: Despite recent evidence-based indications on healthy complementary feeding strategies for infants, discrepancies persist among pediatricians regarding food choices and the order and timing of food introduction, both for healthy infants and those at risk of allergy. Guidance on complementary feeding by pediatricians is influenced by their individual characteristics. Pediatricians tend to delay the introduction of common food allergens and recommend longer intervals between introducing new foods, particularly for high-risk infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.V.); (I.P.); (J.L.); (Z.E.)
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.P.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Gavriela Feketea
- Department of Pediatrics, “Karamandaneio” Children’s Hospital of Patra, 26331 Patras, Greece
- Department of Pharmacology, “luliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioannis Pagkalos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.V.); (I.P.); (J.L.); (Z.E.)
| | - Dimitrios Rallis
- School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Gregorio Paolo Milani
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.P.M.); (C.A.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.P.M.); (C.A.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Nikolaos Douladiris
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - John Lakoumentas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.V.); (I.P.); (J.L.); (Z.E.)
| | - Evangelia Stefanaki
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Heraklion, Venizeleio and Pananio, 71409 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Zenon Efthymiou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.V.); (I.P.); (J.L.); (Z.E.)
| | - Sophia Tsabouri
- School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.R.); (S.T.)
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Mastrorilli C, Arasi S, Barni S, Caimmi D, Chiera F, Comberiati P, Dinardo G, Giannetti A, Gismondi M, Gracci S, Paravati F, Pelosi U, Miraglia Del Giudice M, Bernardini R, Pecoraro L. IgE-Mediated and Non-IgE-Mediated Fish Allergy in Pediatric Age: A Holistic Approach-A Consensus by Diagnostic Commission of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1651. [PMID: 37763770 PMCID: PMC10537060 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Fish is one of the "big nine" foods triggering allergic reactions. For this reason, fish allergens must be accurately specified on food labels. Fish allergy affects less than 1% of the world population, but a higher prevalence is observed in pediatric cohorts, up to 7%. Parvalbumin is the main fish allergen found in the muscles. In childhood, sensitization to fish allergens occurs most frequently through the ingestion of fish, rarely transcutaneously or by inhalation. Fish allergy symptoms usually appear within two hours of the allergen contact. The diagnosis begins with the collection of the history. If it is suggestive of fish allergy, prick tests or the measurement of serum-specific IgE should be performed to confirm the suspicion. The oral food challenge is the gold standard for the diagnosis. It is not recommended in case of a severe allergic reaction. It is important to make a differential diagnosis with anisakiasis or scombroid poisoning, which have overlapping clinical features but differ in pathogenesis. Traditionally, managing fish allergy involves avoiding the triggering species (sometimes all bony fish species) and requires an action plan for accidental exposures. The present review will analyze IgE- and non-IgE-mediated fish allergy in children from epidemiology, pathogenesis to clinical features. Moreover, clinical management will be addressed with a particular focus on potential nutritional deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Mastrorilli
- Admission and Emergency Pediatric Medicine and Surgery Unit, University Hospital Consortium Corporation Polyclinic of Bari, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Stefania Arasi
- Area of Translational Research in Pediatric Specialities, Allergy Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Simona Barni
- Allergic Unit, Department of Pediatric, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Davide Caimmi
- Allergy Unit, CHU de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France;
- IDESP, UMR A11, Université de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Fernanda Chiera
- Department of Pediatrics, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, 88900 Crotone, Italy; (F.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Section of Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giulio Dinardo
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.D.); (M.M.D.G.)
| | - Arianna Giannetti
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marco Gismondi
- Admission and Emergency Pediatric Medicine and Surgery Unit, University Hospital Consortium Corporation Polyclinic of Bari, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Serena Gracci
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Complex Unit, San Giuseppe Hospital, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, 50053 Empoli, Italy;
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Paravati
- Department of Pediatrics, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, 88900 Crotone, Italy; (F.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Umberto Pelosi
- Pediatric Unit, Santa Barbara Hospital, 09016 Iglesias, Italy;
| | - Michele Miraglia Del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.D.); (M.M.D.G.)
| | - Roberto Bernardini
- Pediatrics and Neonatology Complex Unit, San Giuseppe Hospital, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, 50053 Empoli, Italy;
| | - Luca Pecoraro
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
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Brigham E, Hashimoto A, Alexis NE. Air Pollution and Diet: Potential Interacting Exposures in Asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:541-553. [PMID: 37440094 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide a review of emerging literature describing the impact of diet on the respiratory response to air pollution in asthma. RECENT FINDINGS Asthma phenotyping (observable characteristics) and endotyping (mechanistic pathways) have increased the specificity of diagnostic and treatment pathways and opened the doors to the identification of subphenotypes with enhanced susceptibility to exposures and interventions. Mechanisms underlying the airway immune response to air pollution are still being defined but include oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of adaptive and innate immune responses, with genetic susceptibility highlighted. Of these, neutrophil recruitment and activation appear prominent; however, understanding neutrophil function in response to pollutant exposures is a research gap. Diet may play a role in asthma pathogenesis and morbidity; therefore, diet modification is a potential target opportunity to protect against pollutant-induced lung injury. In particular, in vivo and in vitro data suggest the potential for diet to modify the inflammatory response in the airways, including impacts on neutrophil recruitment and function. Murine models provide compelling results in regard to the potential for dietary components (including fiber, antioxidants, and omega-3 fatty acids) to buffer against the inflammatory response to air pollution in the lung. Precision lifestyle approaches to asthma management and respiratory protection in the context of air pollution exposures may evolve to include diet, pending the results of further epidemiologic and causal investigation and with neutrophil recruitment and activation as a candidate mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Brigham
- Division of Respirology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Alisa Hashimoto
- Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, BC, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Neil E Alexis
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Zhang X, Han Y, Tian Q, Du L, Chen L, Zhang Y, Guo X, Li X. The association between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes and asthma in US children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study from NHANES. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e14024. [PMID: 37747750 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is an inflammatory disease. The potential of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to alleviate asthma symptoms through their anti-inflammatory effects and immune modulation has been explored. However, the precise role of dietary n-3 PUFAs in childhood and adolescent asthma remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary n-3 PUFAs intake and asthma in children and adolescents in the United States. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 8543 children and adolescents from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2013 and 2020 by adjusting for covariates and using multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, threshold effects, and subgroup analyses. RESULTS Among 8354 participants, 1456 (16.5%) self-reported diagnosis of asthma by a healthcare provider. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, compared with individuals in the lowest n-3 PUFA consumption group (T1, <26.07 mg/kg/day), the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for asthma was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.6-0.84, p < .001) in the second group (T2, 26.07-48.93 mg/kg/day) and 0.58 (95% CI: 0.47-0.73, p < .001) in the third group (T3, >48.93 mg/kg/day). Furthermore, a nonlinear (L-shaped) relationship was observed between n-3 PUFA intake and asthma (p = .009), with subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirming the stability of the results. In the threshold analysis, a critical turning point was observed at approximately 59.0 mg/kg/day (OR = 0.984, 95% CI: 0.977-0.991, p < .001). CONCLUSION Dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs exhibited an L-shaped relationship with asthma in children and adolescents in the United States, with a critical turning point observed at approximately 59.0 mg/kg/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yujie Han
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiaohuan Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Linjun Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lifang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuening Guo
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Neonatal, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University/Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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10
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Qian K, Xu H, Chen Z, Zheng Y. Advances in pulmonary rehabilitation for children with bronchial asthma. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 52:518-525. [PMID: 37643985 PMCID: PMC10495252 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. With the development of the whole-life-cycle health concept, the focus of treatment for bronchial asthma in children has gradually shifted from pharmacological control to an integrated management model of functional rehabilitation and pharmacological assistance. As a non-pharmacological integrated approach, pulmonary rehabilitation plays an equally important role in the management of childhood asthma as pharmacological treatments. Breathing techniques such as Buteyko breathing, pursed lip breathing, diaphragmatic breathing training, threshold-pressure inspiratory muscle training and yoga breathing can improve lung function indicators such as forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) in children. Comprehensive pre-exercise assessment, development of exercise prescriptions, and implementation and evaluation of exercise effects can improve physical fitness, neuromuscular coordination, and self-confidence of children with asthma. The comprehensive interventions of health education, psychological support and nutritional intervention can improve the compliance and effectiveness of rehabilitation training. This article reviews the research progress on respiratory training, physical exercise, and comprehensive interventions in the pulmonary rehabilitation of asthmatic children, to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the scientific and rational management of pulmonary rehabilitation of asthmatic children in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongjia Qian
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China.
| | - Hongzhen Xu
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China.
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
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11
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Soriano VX, Ciciulla D, Gell G, Wang Y, Peters RL, McWilliam V, Dharmage SC, Koplin JJ. Complementary and Allergenic Food Introduction in Infants: An Umbrella Review. Pediatrics 2023; 151:190526. [PMID: 36704902 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-058380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple systematic reviews examine the introduction of foods in relation to individual health outcomes, but the balance of harms and benefits has not been overviewed systematically. OBJECTIVES We aimed to perform an overview of systematic reviews on age of introduction of complementary and allergenic foods to the infant diet and long and short-term health outcomes. DATA SOURCES We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed (July 25, 2022). STUDY SELECTION Included systematic reviews examining the introduction of complementary or allergenic foods before age 1. Outcomes included allergic, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases, neurodevelopment, nutrition, and weight. DATA EXTRACTION Extraction and quality assessment were performed in duplicate (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) and strength of evidence was assessed. RESULTS We screened 4015 articles and included 32 systematic reviews. There was moderate evidence that peanut and egg should be introduced from 4 to 11 months to prevent food allergy (6 of 10 reviews). Complementary food introduction was not associated with food allergy. Moderate certainty evidence suggested age of complementary food introduction was not associated with eczema. Age at introduction of gluten was not associated with celiac disease (high certainty evidence; 3 of 4 reviews). Low certainty evidence indicated that introducing solids before 4 months may increase the risk of childhood obesity, but not growth. There was insufficient evidence regarding an association between any food introduction and bone health, gastrointestinal diseases, autoimmune disorders, asthma, or allergic rhinitis. LIMITATIONS Gray literature was not included. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence supports introducing complementary foods around 6 months and allergenic foods before 11 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria X Soriano
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Daniela Ciciulla
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics
| | - Grace Gell
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Yichao Wang
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Rachel L Peters
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Vicki McWilliam
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics.,Department of Allergy, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research.,School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jennifer J Koplin
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics
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12
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Yusuf RA, Rathebe PC, Mbonane TP. Association between Environmental Exposures and Asthma among Children in King Williams Town, South Africa. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10040123. [PMID: 36547209 PMCID: PMC9777677 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10040123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the association between environmental exposure and asthma among children between 3 and 12 years old in King Williams Town, South Africa. A quantitative case-control study was conducted at Grey Hospital to assess the association between environmental exposure and asthma among children who reside in King Williams Town. Of the total 566 study participants, 50.5% (286) had asthma while 49.5% did not. Socio-demographic factors associated with asthma in children were being within the age group 9-12 years (OR 1.74, CI 95% 1.09-2.78) and India ethnicity (OR 0.20, CI 95% 0.08-0.48). Factors associated with asthma were weight within 25-35 kg (OR 1.64, CI 95% 1.11-2.42) and BMI within 15-20 (OR 4.80, CI 95% 2.80-8.22). Environmental risk factors associated with asthma were indoor exposure to tobacco smoke from mothers of the participants (OR 5.45, CI 95% 3.08-9.65) and from fathers (OR 4.37; CI 95% 2.77-6.90). Abstaining from eating seafood appeared to be protective from developing asthma (OR 0.01; CI 95% 0.00-0.05). The study found no significant association between outdoor environmental exposures and childhood asthma. The age of participant, weight, BMI, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), and eating seafood had significant correlations with childhood asthma. Strengthening the evaluation of children healthcare and encouraging smoking cessation among parents could reduce exposure to environmental asthma triggers among children.
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13
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Li ZH, Song WQ, Shen D, Zhang PD, Zhou JM, Zhang XR, Zhang YJ, Ren JJ, Chen YJ, Liu D, Zhong WF, Chen PL, Huang QM, Wang XM, Liang F, Qiu CS, Chen ZT, Li C, Mao C. Habitual fish oil supplementation and incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Data from a prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2651-2658. [PMID: 36308984 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish oil is one of the most popular supplements in the UK and other developed countries. However, the relationship between fish oil use and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear. OBJECTIVE To prospectively examine the association of habitual fish oil supplementation with incident COPD risk and to evaluate potential effect modification by genetic predisposition. METHODS This study included 484,414 participants (mean and standard deviation [SD] age: 56.5 [8.1] years) from the UK Biobank who completed a touchscreen questionnaire on habitual fish oil supplement use between 2006 and 2010 and were followed up through 2018. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) with adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle behaviours, health conditions, and other potential confounding factors. A weighted genetic risk score (GRS) for COPD was derived from 112 validated single nucleotide polymorphisms. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9.0 years, 8860 incident COPD events were recorded. A total of 31.4% (152,230) of the study participants reported habitual fish oil supplementation at baseline. Habitual fish oil supplementation was significantly associated with a lower risk of incident COPD (adjusted HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84-0.93). The association with COPD did not differ by GRS strata (P for interaction = 0.880). The results from subgroup and sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that habitual fish oil supplementation is associated with a lower risk of incident COPD, irrespective of genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hao Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Qi Song
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Meng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi-Ru Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Ren
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Jun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Fang Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Liang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Mei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fen Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng-Shen Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Ting Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Pratt CA, Brown AGM, Dixit S, Farmer N, Natarajan A, Boyington J, Shi S, Lu Q, Cotton P. Perspectives: on Precision Nutrition Research in Heart, Lung, and Blood Diseases and Sleep Disorders. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1402-1414. [PMID: 35561742 PMCID: PMC9526828 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The release of the 2020-2030 Strategic Plan for NIH Nutrition Research (SPNR) and its emphasis on precision nutrition has provided an opportunity to identify future nutrition research that addresses individual variability in response to diet and nutrition across the life span-including those relevant to the Strategic Vision of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). The SPNR and the NHLBI's Strategic Vision were developed with extensive input from the extramural research community, and both have 4 overarching strategic goals within which are embedded several objectives for research. For the SPNR, these include 1) spur discovery science and normal biological functions (e.g., role of the microbiome in health and disease), 2) population science to understand individual differences (e.g., biomarkers including 'omics that predict disease status), 3) emerging scientific areas of investigation and their application (e.g., data science, artificial intelligence), and 4) cross-cutting themes (e.g., training the scientific workforce and minority health and health disparities). These strategic goals and objectives serve as blueprints for research and training. Nutrition remains important in the prevention and treatment of heart, lung, blood, and sleep (HLBS) disorders and diseases, and the NHLBI has played a pivotal role in supporting nutrition research. In this paper, we report important gaps in the scientific literature related to precision nutrition in HLBS diseases. Research opportunities that could stimulate precision nutrition and their alignment with the SPNR and the NHLBI Strategic Vision Objectives are provided. These opportunities include 1) exploring individual differences in response to varying dietary patterns and nutrients; 2) investigating genetic/epigenetic, biological (e.g., microbiome, biomarkers), social, psychosocial, and environmental underpinnings of individual variability in diet; 3) elucidating the role of circadian rhythm and chrononutrition; and 4) applying implementation science research methods in precision nutrition interventions relevant to HLBS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alison G M Brown
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shilpy Dixit
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Farmer
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aruna Natarajan
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Josephine Boyington
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Scarlet Shi
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Cotton
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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15
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Vassilopoulou E, Guibas GV, Papadopoulos NG. Mediterranean-Type Diets as a Protective Factor for Asthma and Atopy. Nutrients 2022; 14:1825. [PMID: 35565792 PMCID: PMC9105881 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We are currently riding the second wave of the allergy epidemic, which is ongoing in affluent societies, but now also affecting developing countries. This increase in the prevalence of atopy/asthma in the Western world has coincided with a rapid improvement in living conditions and radical changes in lifestyle, suggesting that this upward trend in allergic manifestations may be associated with cultural and environmental factors. Diet is a prominent environmental exposure that has undergone major changes, with a substantial increase in the consumption of processed foods, all across the globe. On this basis, the potential effects of dietary habits on atopy and asthma have been researched rigorously, but even with a considerable body of evidence, clear associations are far from established. Many factors converge to obscure the potential relationship, including methodological, pathophysiological and cultural differences. To date, the most commonly researched, and highly promising, candidate for exerting a protective effect is the so-called Mediterranean diet (MedDi). This dietary pattern has been the subject of investigation since the mid twentieth century, and the evidence regarding its beneficial health effects is overwhelming, although data on a correlation between MedDi and the incidence and severity of asthma and atopy are inconclusive. As the prevalence of asthma appears to be lower in some Mediterranean populations, it can be speculated that the MedDi dietary pattern could indeed have a place in a preventive strategy for asthma/atopy. This is a review of the current evidence of the associations between the constituents of the MedDi and asthma/atopy, with emphasis on the pathophysiological links between MedDi and disease outcomes and the research pitfalls and methodological caveats which may hinder identification of causality. MedDi, as a dietary pattern, rather than short-term supplementation or excessive focus on single nutrient effects, may be a rational option for preventive intervention against atopy and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George V. Guibas
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston PR2 9HT, UK;
- School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos
- School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon and Levadias 1, 11527 Athens, Greece
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16
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Williams EJ, Berthon BS, Stoodley I, Williams LM, Wood LG. Nutrition in Asthma. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 43:646-661. [PMID: 35272384 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An emerging body of evidence suggests that diet plays an important role in both the development and management of asthma. The relationship between dietary intake and asthma risk has been explored in epidemiological studies, though intervention trials examining the effects of nutrient intake and dietary patterns on asthma management are scarce. Evidence for diets high in fruits and vegetables, antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids and soluble fiber such as the Mediterranean diet is conflicting. However, some studies suggest that these diets may reduce the risk of asthma, particularly in young children, and could have positive effects on disease management. In contrast, a Westernized dietary pattern, high in saturated fatty acids, refined grains, and sugars may promote an inflammatory environment resulting in the onset of disease and worsening of asthma outcomes. This review will summarize the state of the evidence for the impact of whole dietary patterns, as well as individual nutrients on the prevalence and management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan J Williams
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Bronwyn S Berthon
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Isobel Stoodley
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Lily M Williams
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Lisa G Wood
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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17
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Primary Prevention of Pediatric Asthma through Nutritional Interventions. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040754. [PMID: 35215404 PMCID: PMC8875095 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic non-communicable disease in children, the pathogenesis of which involves several factors. The increasing burden of asthma worldwide has emphasized the need to identify the modifiable factors associated with the development of the disease. Recent research has focused on the relationship between dietary factors during the first 1000 days of life (including pregnancy)—when the immune system is particularly vulnerable to exogenous interferences—and allergic outcomes in children. Specific nutrients have been analyzed as potential targets for the prevention of childhood wheeze and asthma. Recent randomized controlled trials show that vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy, using higher doses than currently recommended, may be protective against early childhood wheezing but not school-age asthma. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy and infancy may be associated with a reduced risk of childhood wheeze, although the evidence is conflicting. Data from observational studies suggest that some dietary patterns during pregnancy and infancy might also influence the risk of childhood asthma. However, the quality of the available evidence is insufficient to allow recommendations regarding dietary changes for the prevention of pediatric asthma. This review outlines the available high-quality evidence on the role of prenatal and perinatal nutritional interventions for the primary prevention of asthma in children and attempts to address unmet areas for future research in pediatric asthma prevention.
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18
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Pediatric Obesity-Related Asthma: The Role of Nutrition and Nutrients in Prevention and Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113708. [PMID: 34835964 PMCID: PMC8620690 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity rates have dramatically risen in numerous countries worldwide. Obesity is likely a factor in increased asthma risk, which is already one of the most widespread chronic respiratory pathologies. The pathogenic mechanism of asthma risk has still not yet been fully elucidated. Moreover, the role of obesity-related inflammation and pulmonary overreaction to environmental triggers, which ultimately result in asthma-like symptoms, and the importance of dietary characteristics is well recognized. Diet is an important adjustable element in the asthma development. Food-specific composition of the diet, in particular fat, sugar, and low-quality nutrients, is likely to promote the chronic inflammatory state seen in asthmatic patients with obesity. An unbalanced diet or supplementation as a way to control asthma more efficiently has been described. A personalized dietary intervention may improve respiratory symptoms and signs and therapeutic response. In this narrative review, we presented and discussed more recent literature on asthma associated with obesity among children, focusing on the risk of asthma among children with obesity, asthma as a result of obesity focusing on the role of adipose tissue as a mediator of systemic and local airway inflammation implicated in asthma regulation, and the impact of nutrition and nutrients in the development and treatment of asthma. Appropriate early nutritional intervention could possibly be critical in preventing and managing asthma associated with obesity among children.
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19
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a heritable, multiorgan disease that impacts all tissues that normally express cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. While the importance of the airway microbiota has long been recognized, the intestinal microbiota has only recently been recognized as an important player in both intestinal and lung health outcomes for persons with CF (pwCF). Here, we summarize current literature related to the gut-lung axis in CF, with a particular focus on three key ideas: (i) mechanisms through which microbes influence the gut-lung axis, (ii) drivers of microbiota alterations, and (iii) the potential for intestinal microbiota remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E. Price
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover New Hampshire, USA
| | - George A. O’Toole
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover New Hampshire, USA
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20
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Carrasco P, Estarlich M, Iñiguez C, Ferrero A, Murcia M, Esplugues A, Vioque J, Marina LS, Zabaleta C, Iriarte G, Fernández-Somoano A, Tardon A, Vrijheid M, Sunyer J, Ballester F, Llop S. Pre and postnatal exposure to mercury and respiratory health in preschool children from the Spanish INMA Birth Cohort Study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 782:146654. [PMID: 33838378 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Effects of mercury on maturing immune system have been reported, however the association with respiratory and allergy problems during infancy remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between pre and postnatal mercury exposure and respiratory and allergy problems among preschool children and to examine the role of potential modifying factors. Study subjects were children participant in Spanish Childhood and Environment Project (INMA, 2003-2008). We measured total mercury levels in cord blood (n = 1868) and hair at 4 years of age (n = 1347). Respiratory outcomes (wheezing, severe wheezing, chestiness, persistent cough, eczema and otitis) were obtained by questionnaires administered to parents. Associations were investigated by logistic regression adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle-related variables in each cohort and subsequent meta-analysis. We tested effect modification by factors related to individual susceptibility, diet and co-exposure with other pollutants. The geometric mean of cord blood and hair total mercury was 8.20 μg/L and 0.97 μg/g, respectively. No statistically significant association between pre or postnatal mercury exposure and respiratory and allergy outcomes was found. Notwithstanding, lower maternal intake of fruits and vegetables increased the risk of some respiratory outcomes due to the prenatal exposure to mercury (pint < 0.05). Moreover, an inverse association between prenatal mercury exposure and some respiratory outcomes was observed among children with higher maternal exposure to organocholorine compounds or smoking (pint < 0.05). Also, sex and postnatal smoking exposure modulated mercury postnatal effects on persistent cough (pint < 0.05). In conclusion, no association between pre and postnatal mercury exposure and respiratory and allergy problems among the whole population at study was found. However, diet and other toxicants could modulate this relation, especially during prenatal period. More research on this topic is warranted due to the limited evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Carrasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Marisa Estarlich
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Nursing School, Universitat de València, C/Jaume Roig s/n, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Statistics and Computational Research. Universitat de València, València, Dr. Moliner, 50 46100, Spain
| | - Amparo Ferrero
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Murcia
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Análisis de Sistemas de Información Sanitaria, Conselleria de Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana. C/Micer Mascó, 31-33, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Esplugues
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Nursing School, Universitat de València, C/Jaume Roig s/n, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Avda Pinto Baeza, 12, 03010 AlicanteAlicante, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa Marina
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Health Department of Basque Government, Sub-directorate of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, Avenida de Navarra 4, 20013 San Sebastián, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Doctor Begiristain, s/n, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Carlos Zabaleta
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Doctor Begiristain, s/n, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; Nuestra señora de la Antigua Hospital, OSI Goierri-Alto Urola, OSAKIDETZA-Basque Health Service, Barrio Argixao, s/n, 20700 Zumarraga, Spain
| | - Gorka Iriarte
- Laboratorio de Salud Pública de Alava, Santiago 11, 01002 Vitoria Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; IUOPA-Departamento de Medicina, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias - Foundation for Biosanitary Research of Asturias (ISPA-FINBA), Avenida Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardon
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; IUOPA-Departamento de Medicina, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias - Foundation for Biosanitary Research of Asturias (ISPA-FINBA), Avenida Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Plaça de la Mercè 10-12, 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Plaça de la Mercè 10-12, 08002 Barcelona, Spain; Municipal Institute of Medical Research, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Ballester
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Nursing School, Universitat de València, C/Jaume Roig s/n, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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21
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Pecoraro L, Dalle Carbonare L, Castagnoli R, Marseglia GL, Piacentini G, Pietrobelli A. IgE-mediated fish allergy in children: is omega-3 supplementation useful? Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 73:154-157. [PMID: 34311650 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1957782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The management of fish allergy relies on the elimination of all fish from the diet. Nevertheless, an exclusion diet can be problematic from a paediatric nutritional perspective. The issue of a substitute diet for children suffering from fish allergy seems to be not adequately addressed and the consequences of a fish exclusion diet in paediatric age are not known. Fish has an important nutritional value, it is rich in vitamins of group B, D and A, selenium, calcium and phosphorus, iron, zinc, magnesium, iodine and omega-3. While vitamins and iodine are normally present in the diet, omega-3 is present in few other foods, such as vegetable seed oils and nuts. Hence, the scientific research indicates a generic advice regarding a possible omega-3 supplementation in children with fish allergy. Given the knowledge about omega-3 supplementation having a potential good risk-benefit ratio and the absence of serious adverse events related to the omega-3 supplementation, this type of supplementation may seem advisable in children affected by fish allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pecoraro
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Paediatric Clinic, ASST Mantua, Mantua, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Castagnoli
- Department of Paediatrics, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Department of Paediatrics, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Piacentini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Paediatric Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angelo Pietrobelli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Paediatric Unit, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Pennington Biomedical Research Centre, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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22
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Application of Metabolomics in Pediatric Asthma: Prediction, Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11040251. [PMID: 33919626 PMCID: PMC8072856 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma in children remains a significant public health challenge affecting 5–20% of children in Europe and is associated with increased morbidity and societal healthcare costs. The high variation in asthma incidence among countries may be attributed to differences in genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. This respiratory disorder is described as a heterogeneous syndrome of multiple clinical manifestations (phenotypes) with varying degrees of severity and airway hyper-responsiveness, which is based on patient symptoms, lung function and response to pharmacotherapy. However, an accurate diagnosis is often difficult due to diversities in clinical presentation. Therefore, identifying early diagnostic biomarkers and improving the monitoring of airway dysfunction and inflammatory through non-invasive methods are key goals in successful pediatric asthma management. Given that asthma is caused by the interaction between genes and environmental factors, an emerging approach, metabolomics—the systematic analysis of small molecules—can provide more insight into asthma pathophysiological mechanisms, enable the identification of early biomarkers and targeted personalized therapies, thus reducing disease burden and societal cost. The purpose of this review is to present evidence on the utility of metabolomics in pediatric asthma through the analysis of intermediate metabolites of biochemical pathways that involve carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, organic acids and nucleotides and discuss their potential application in clinical practice. Also, current challenges on the integration of metabolomics in pediatric asthma management and needed next steps are critically discussed.
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23
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Jang YO, Kim OH, Kim SJ, Lee SH, Yun S, Lim SE, Yoo HJ, Shin Y, Lee SW. High-fiber diets attenuate emphysema development via modulation of gut microbiota and metabolism. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7008. [PMID: 33772084 PMCID: PMC7997879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86404-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber functions as a prebiotic to determine the gut microbe composition. The gut microbiota influences the metabolic functions and immune responses in human health. The gut microbiota and metabolites produced by various dietary components not only modulate immunity but also impact various organs. Although recent findings have suggested that microbial dysbiosis is associated with several respiratory diseases, including asthma, cystic fibrosis, and allergy, the role of microbiota and metabolites produced by dietary nutrients with respect to pulmonary disease remains unclear. Therefore, we explored whether the gut microbiota and metabolites produced by dietary fiber components could influence a cigarette smoking (CS)-exposed emphysema model. In this study, it was demonstrated that a high-fiber diet including non-fermentable cellulose and fermentable pectin attenuated the pathological changes associated with emphysema progression and the inflammatory response in CS-exposed emphysema mice. Moreover, we observed that different types of dietary fiber could modulate the diversity of gut microbiota and differentially impacted anabolism including the generation of short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and sphingolipids. Overall, the results of this study indicate that high-fiber diets play a beneficial role in the gut microbiota-metabolite modulation and substantially affect CS-exposed emphysema mice. Furthermore, this study suggests the therapeutic potential of gut microbiota and metabolites from a high-fiber diet in emphysema via local and systemic inflammation inhibition, which may be useful in the development of a new COPD treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Ok Jang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ock-Hwa Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jung Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hee Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Yun
- Metagenome Service Department, Macrogen, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Eun Lim
- Metagenome Service Department, Macrogen, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Won Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Clinical Research Center for Chronic Obstructive Airway Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Bédard A, Li Z, Ait-hadad W, Camargo CA, Leynaert B, Pison C, Dumas O, Varraso R. The Role of Nutritional Factors in Asthma: Challenges and Opportunities for Epidemiological Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063013. [PMID: 33804200 PMCID: PMC7999662 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma has nearly doubled over the last decades. Twentieth century changes in environmental and lifestyle factors, including changes in dietary habits, physical activity and the obesity epidemic, have been suggested to play a role in the increase of asthma prevalence and uncontrolled asthma worldwide. A large body of evidence has suggested that obesity is a likely risk factor for asthma, but mechanisms are still unclear. Regarding diet and physical activity, the literature remains inconclusive. Although the investigation of nutritional factors as a whole (i.e., the “diet, physical activity and body composition” triad) is highly relevant in terms of understanding underlying mechanisms, as well as designing effective public health interventions, their combined effects across the life course has not received a lot of attention. In this review, we discuss the state of the art regarding the role of nutritional factors in asthma, for each window of exposure. We focus on the methodological and conceptual challenges encountered in the investigation of the complex time-dependent interrelations between nutritional factors and asthma and its control, and their interaction with other determinants of asthma. Lastly, we provide guidance on how to address these challenges, as well as suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Bédard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, University Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d’Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, 94807 Villejuif, France; (W.A.-h.); (B.L.); (O.D.); (R.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhen Li
- Clinical Research Centre, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Wassila Ait-hadad
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, University Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d’Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, 94807 Villejuif, France; (W.A.-h.); (B.L.); (O.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Carlos A. Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Bénédicte Leynaert
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, University Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d’Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, 94807 Villejuif, France; (W.A.-h.); (B.L.); (O.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Christophe Pison
- Service Hospitalier Universitaire Pneumologie, Pôle Thorax et Vaisseaux, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, Inserm 1055, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38400 Grenoble, France;
| | - Orianne Dumas
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, University Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d’Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, 94807 Villejuif, France; (W.A.-h.); (B.L.); (O.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Raphaëlle Varraso
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, University Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d’Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, 94807 Villejuif, France; (W.A.-h.); (B.L.); (O.D.); (R.V.)
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25
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[Diet and asthma: Better eating for better breathing?]. Rev Mal Respir 2021; 38:278-288. [PMID: 33676796 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2021.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled therapies are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. However, according to national and international guidelines, non-pharmacological interventions should not be neglected in asthma. It has been demonstrated that a healthy diet is beneficial to general health. Recently, the effect of diet on asthma has been highlighted in many studies. Two diets have been particularly studied: the Mediterranean diet (high in fruits and vegetables and low in fat) and the Western diet (high in saturated fat and low in fruits and vegetables). A beneficial effect of the Mediterranean diet and deleterious effect of the Western diet on the development or control of asthma has been shown in some studies even after adjustment for overweight. Study findings have not been unanimous, probably related to the complexity of conducting studies on a diet that may change from day to day for any individual subject. In addition, the effect of physical exercise, which is known to be beneficial in asthma, is rarely taken into account in these studies. However, studies on diet are becoming more complex with the use of specific dietary indices, which should bring interesting data in the future.
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26
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to recognize the multifactorial cause of asthma, from the influence of mother until adulthood, highlight the main characteristics of the disease at different ages and summarize the evidence of potential prevention strategies. RECENT FINDINGS To date, regarding the prenatal period, the presence of specific genes, maternal asthma, drugs, and tobacco exposure are the most relevant predisposing features for an asthmatic offspring. For newborns, preterm, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and low birth weight has been associated with low lung function. Among young children, atopic dermatitis, lower respiratory tract infections, and increased levels of total Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and allergen-specific IgE are important determinants.Breastfeeding has been demonstrated being protective for the onset of asthma. Allergen immunotherapy has also been shown to have significant preventive effect decreasing asthma development. Inhaled corticosteroids use in early childhood prevents exacerbations but does not alter the natural history of asthma. Other interventions, such as the use of palivizumab, probiotics, vitamin D supplementation, and fish consumption presented controversial results. SUMMARY A good knowledge of risk factors for asthma development, from prenatal period to adulthood, may lead to efficacious preventive strategies. Further data of long-term follow-up in population-based studies according to different phenotypes are needed.
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27
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Alkotob SS, Cannedy C, Harter K, Movassagh H, Paudel B, Prunicki M, Sampath V, Schikowski T, Smith E, Zhao Q, Traidl‐Hoffmann C, Nadeau KC. Advances and novel developments in environmental influences on the development of atopic diseases. Allergy 2020; 75:3077-3086. [PMID: 33037680 DOI: 10.1111/all.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although genetic factors play a role in the etiology of atopic disease, the rapid increases in the prevalence of these diseases over the last few decades suggest that environmental, rather than genetic factors are the driving force behind the increasing prevalence. In modern societies, there is increased time spent indoors, use of antibiotics, and consumption of processed foods and decreased contact with farm animals and pets, which limit exposure to environmental allergens, infectious parasitic worms, and microbes. The lack of exposure to these factors is thought to prevent proper education and training of the immune system. Increased industrialization and urbanization have brought about increases in organic and inorganic pollutants. In addition, Caesarian birth, birth order, increased use of soaps and detergents, tobacco smoke exposure and psychosomatic factors are other factors that have been associated with increased rate of allergic diseases. Here, we review current knowledge on the environmental factors that have been shown to affect the development of allergic diseases and the recent developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifaa Suhayl Alkotob
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Cade Cannedy
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Katharina Harter
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine UNIKA‐TTechnical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München Augsburg Germany
| | - Hesam Movassagh
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Bibek Paudel
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Mary Prunicki
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF‐Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Eric Smith
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- IUF‐Leibniz Institute for Environmental Medicine Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Claudia Traidl‐Hoffmann
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine UNIKA‐TTechnical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München Augsburg Germany
- CK‐CARE Christine Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA
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28
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Eigenmann P. Pathogenesis of asthma and characterization of fish allergens. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2020; 31:729-731. [PMID: 33463777 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Eigenmann
- Department of Women-Children-Teenagers, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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29
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Razgonova MP, Zakharenko AM, Golokhvast KS, Thanasoula M, Sarandi E, Nikolouzakis K, Fragkiadaki P, Tsoukalas D, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A. Telomerase and telomeres in aging theory and chronographic aging theory (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1679-1694. [PMID: 32705188 PMCID: PMC7411297 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The current review focuses on the connection of telomerase and telomeres with aging. In this review, we describe the changes in telomerase and telomere length (TEL) during development, their role in carcinogenesis processes, and the consequences of reduced telomerase activity. More specifically, the connection of TEL in peripheral blood cells with the development of aging‑associated diseases is discussed. The review provides systematic data on the role of telomerase in mitochondria, the biology of telomeres in stem cells, as well as the consequences of the forced expression of telomerase (telomerization) in human cells. Additionally, it presents the effects of chronic stress exposure on telomerase activity, the effect of TEL on fertility, and the effect of nutraceutical supplements on TEL. Finally, a comparative review of the chronographic theory of aging, presented by Olovnikov is provided based on currently available scientific research on telomere, telomerase activity, and the nature of aging by multicellular organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayya P. Razgonova
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Alexander M. Zakharenko
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Kirill S. Golokhvast
- N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, 190000 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia
- Pacific Geographical Institute, Far Eastern Branch of The Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Maria Thanasoula
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Spin-Off Toxplus S.A., 71601 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Μedicine, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
- Spin-Off Toxplus S.A., 71601 Heraklion, Greece
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30
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Papamichael MM, Itsiopoulos C, Lambert K, Katsardis C, Tsoukalas D, Erbas B. Sufficient vitamin D status positively modified ventilatory function in asthmatic children following a Mediterranean diet enriched with fatty fish intervention study. Nutr Res 2020; 82:99-109. [PMID: 32979724 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Asthma in children is the most prevalent allergic disease worldwide that has become a major public health priority. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between baseline serum vitamin D status, spirometry, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels (FeNO) in 64 Greek children with 'mild asthma' aged 5 to 12 years (51.6% male) in a dietary intervention study. We hypothesized that baseline serum vitamin D levels modify the beneficial response of fatty fish intake on pulmonary function in asthmatic children following a Mediterranean diet. The intervention group consumed 2 fatty fish meals/week (≥150 g cooked filleted fish/meal) as part of the Mediterranean diet for six months, and the control group consumed their usual diet. Baseline serum 25(OH)D was determined using enzyme-linked immunoassay and defined as sufficient levels of 25(OH)D ≥25 ng/mL. Only 36% of children were graded as sufficient in 25(OH)D levels on entry into the study with a higher proportion of girls insufficient than boys (61% vs 39% respectively). Participants with sufficient levels of serum 25(OH)D at baseline, consuming the intervention diet increased FEV1/FVC by 4.89 units (β = 4.89; 95%CI: 1.19-8.61; p = 0.013) and FEF25-75% by 12.83 units (β = 12.83; 95%CI: 4.27-21.40; p = 0.006) compared to controls. No significant differences in pulmonary function or FeNO were observed for those with insufficient levels of 25(OH) D in the intervention or control groups. In conclusion, sufficient serum vitamin D levels enhanced ventilatory function in response to a dietary intervention in asthmatic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Papamichael
- La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Human Services &Sport, Department of Dietetics, Nutrition & Sport, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Human Services &Sport, Department of Dietetics, Nutrition & Sport, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch University, College of Science, Health, Engineering & Education, Perth, Australia.
| | - Katrina Lambert
- La Trobe University, School of Psychology & Public Health, Department of Public Health, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | | | - Bircan Erbas
- La Trobe University, School of Psychology & Public Health, Department of Public Health, Melbourne, Australia.
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Pecoraro L, Tenero L, Pietrobelli A, Dalle Carbonare L, Czernin S, Widhalm K, Alvarez-Perea A, Piacentini G. Canned tuna tolerance in children with IgE-mediated fish allergy: an allergological and nutritional view. Minerva Pediatr 2020; 72:408-415. [PMID: 32686923 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4946.20.05972-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Scientific research, diagnostic tools and clinical experience have shown that children suffering from IgE-mediated fish allergy do not need to follow a strict exclusion diet. In fact, they could tolerate some species of fish, which could be reintroduced in the diet by verifying their tolerance with an oral food challenge in a clinical setting. Consequently, it is possible to look a new insight on diagnosis and management of IgE-mediated fish allergy in children, considering the use of canned tuna in clinical settings. Authors performed a literature search through the Cochrane Library and Medline/PubMed databases. All quantitative and qualitative pediatric studies involving diagnosis and management of IgE-mediated fish allergy and the use of canned tuna in clinical settings were considered. Articles related to allergological and nutritional features of fish, and especially canned tuna, were selected. This research was conducted on May 2020. Canned tuna shows peculiar allergological and nutritional characteristics. Relating to allergy, canning process, characterized by cooking the fish under pressure for a time equal to about 7 hours, can lead a conformational change in parvalbumin, making it less allergenic. In terms of nutrition, canned tuna contains B, D and A vitamins and, above all, omega-3 fatty acids and shows a favourable and significantly sustainable nutritional profile. Lower allergenicity, adequate nutritional value and its rich availability in markets at reasonable costs, could make the use of canned tuna as a solution with an excellent risk/benefit ratio in the field of IgE-mediated fish allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pecoraro
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy - .,Clinic of Pediatric, ASST Mantova, Mantova, Italy -
| | - Laura Tenero
- , Division of Pediatric, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angelo Pietrobelli
- , Division of Pediatric, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | - Sarah Czernin
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Austrian Academic Institute for Clinical Nutrition, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Austrian Academic Institute for Clinical Nutrition, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Giorgio Piacentini
- , Division of Pediatric, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Sarandi E, Thanasoula M, Anamaterou C, Papakonstantinou E, Geraci F, Papamichael MM, Itsiopoulos C, Tsoukalas D. Metabolic profiling of organic and fatty acids in chronic and autoimmune diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 101:169-229. [PMID: 33706889 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful tool of omics that permits the simultaneous identification of metabolic perturbations in several autoimmune and chronic diseases. Several parameters can affect a metabolic profile, from the population characteristics to the selection of the analytical method. In the current chapter, we summarize the main analytical methods and results of the metabolic profiling of fatty and organic acids performed in human metabolomic studies for asthma, COPD, psoriasis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We discuss the most significant metabolic alterations associated with these diseases, after comparison of either a single patient's group with healthy controls or several patient's subgroups of different disease severity and phenotype with healthy controls or of a patient's group before and after treatment. Finally, we present critical metabolic patterns that are associated with each disease and their potency for the unraveling of disease pathogenesis, prediction, diagnosis, patient stratification and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Thanasoula
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Geraci
- European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Michelle Papamichael
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Athens, Greece; European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, E.I.Nu.M, Rome, Italy.
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33
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Shrestha SK, Lambert KA, Erbas B. Ambient pollen concentrations and asthma hospitalization in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Asthma 2020; 58:1155-1168. [PMID: 32419541 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1771726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveWe aimed to conduct a systematic review examining the association between outdoor pollen and childhood asthma hospitalizations.Data SourceA systematic search of articles in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ProQuest Central, Web of Science and Google Scholar published to 18 July 2019.Study selection: Studies that presented data on pollen exposure and childhood asthma hospitalization were included and evaluated for potential risk of bias by two independent authors. Random effects meta-analysis was performed where possible.ResultsA total of 1048 records were identified, and twelve studies included in the review. The synthesis suggested possible associations between outdoor pollen, especially for grass and birch and childhood asthma hospitalization. However, the results varied widely across geographical areas and settings for other pollen taxa. The meta-analysis of the case-crossover studies showed a positive association between grass and childhood asthma hospitalization, an increase in 10 grass pollen grains/m3 was associated with a 3% increase in childhood asthma admission (OR = 1.03; 95%CI:1.01, 1.04), but the pooled estimate was not significant for timeseries studies. The meta-analysis of the timeseries studies for birch pollen showed an increase in 10 pollen grains/m3 being significantly associated with a Mean Percentage Change (MPC) in childhood asthma admissions (MPC= 0.85; 95%CI:0.40, 1.30).Conclusion: Globally, grass and birch pollen are important triggers of childhood asthma hospitalization, but the association could not be ascertained for other pollen taxa. Pollen is a major environmental trigger of asthma exacerbations and more focus on early interventions to reduce this burden needs to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Som Kumar Shrestha
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Katrina Anne Lambert
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bircan Erbas
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Li N, Wu X, Zhuang W, Xia L, Chen Y, Wu C, Rao Z, Du L, Zhao R, Yi M, Wan Q, Zhou Y. Fish consumption and multiple health outcomes: Umbrella review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Corica D, Aversa T, Caminiti L, Lombardo F, Wasniewska M, Pajno GB. Nutrition and Avoidance Diets in Children With Food Allergy. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:518. [PMID: 33014926 PMCID: PMC7498536 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy (FA) is a significant health issue which considerably influences the quality of life of both children and their family. The increasing prevalence of FA, documented in the last 3 decades, has led to the reassessment of FA prevention strategies and particularly to giving up the approach based on delaying the introduction of potential food allergens. Several observational and interventional studies demonstrated a potential effectiveness of the early food introduction strategy in FA prevention, although strong evidence from randomized controlled trials are lacking and, sometimes, contrasting. The current approach to FA is mainly based on avoidance diet and the use of rescue medications in case of allergic reaction, although active allergen immunotherapy has recently become an increasingly important therapeutic strategy to approach IgE-mediated FA, potentially able to induce improvement through desensitization to a specific food. This review provides an overview on the historical evolution of recommendations about FA and on evidence published in the last 15 years on nutritional intervention strategy, i.e., early introduction of allergen or avoidance diet, in the prevention and management of IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated FA in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Corica
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Tommaso Aversa
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Lucia Caminiti
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fortunato Lombardo
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Malgorzata Wasniewska
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Pajno
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Imakiire R, Fujisawa T, Nagao M, Tokuda R, Hattori T, Kainuma K, Kawano Y. Basophil Activation Test Based on CD203c Expression in the Diagnosis of Fish Allergy. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020; 12:641-652. [PMID: 32400130 PMCID: PMC7224992 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2020.12.4.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The basophil activation test (BAT) has been reported to be useful for the diagnosis of various food allergies, such as allergy to peanut, but not to fish. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the BAT for fish allergy. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients with fish allergy who underwent the BAT using a panel of fish extracts (15 kinds) to examine the differential reactivity to several species of fish. The BAT score for each extract was expressed as the ratio of CD203chigh% with the extract to that with anti-IgE antibody. Clinical reactivity to each fish was confirmed by positive oral food challenge or a typical history of fish-induced immediate allergy symptoms. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Results Fifty-one patients with fish allergy were analyzed. Using extracts of 15 species of fish, the BAT was performed a total of 184 times on the patients. Clinical allergy to each species of fish was confirmed in 90 (48.9%) of those tests. ROC analysis yielded high areas under the curve for the BAT scores for the 5 most common fish species (0.72–0.88). The diagnostic accuracy ranged from 0.74 to 0.86. Using a tentative cutoff value of 0.3 deduced from the ROC analyses of the 5 fish species, the accuracy for other fish allergic reactions was generally high (0.6–1.0), except the fish tested in a small number of patients. Conclusions The BAT score based on CD203c expression may be useful for fish allergy diagnosis, especially since a large variety of fish can be tested by the BAT using fish extracts prepared by a simple method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Imakiire
- Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takao Fujisawa
- Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Japan.
| | - Mizuho Nagao
- Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Reiko Tokuda
- Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Tomoki Hattori
- Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Keigo Kainuma
- Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kawano
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima, Japan
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Ferrante G, Carta M, Montante C, Notarbartolo V, Corsello G, Giuffrè M. Current Insights on Early Life Nutrition and Prevention of Allergy. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:448. [PMID: 32850557 PMCID: PMC7424002 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of allergic diseases in childhood appears to have significantly increased over the last decades. Since environmental factors, including diet, have been thought to play a significant role in the development of these diseases, there is great interest in identifying prevention strategies related to early nutritional interventions. Breastfeeding is critical for the immune development of newborns and infants through immune-modulating properties and it impacts the establishment of a healthy gut microbiota. However, the evidence for a protective role of breastfeeding against the development of food allergy in childhood is controversial, and there is little evidence to support the benefits of an antigen avoidance diet during lactation. Although it is not possible to draw a definitive conclusion about the protective role of breast milk against allergic diseases, exclusive breastfeeding is still recommended throughout the first 6 months of life due to associated health benefits. Furthermore, recommendations regarding complementary feeding in infancy have been significantly modified over the last few decades. Several studies have shown that delayed exposure to allergenic foods does not have a role in allergy prevention and recent guidelines recommend against delaying the introduction of complementary foods after 6 months of age, both in high- and low-risk infants. However, trials investigating this dietary approach have reported equivocal results so far. This review summarizes the available high-quality evidence regarding the efficacy of the principal dietary interventions proposed in early life to prevent allergic diseases in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Ferrante
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro," Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Carta
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro," Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Montante
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro," Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Veronica Notarbartolo
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro," Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro," Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Giuffrè
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro," Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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38
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D'Auria E, Peroni DG, Sartorio MUA, Verduci E, Zuccotti GV, Venter C. The Role of Diet Diversity and Diet Indices on Allergy Outcomes. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:545. [PMID: 33042906 PMCID: PMC7522364 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrients in foods are not eaten in isolation and food intake interacts in a complex manner, affecting health and disease outcomes. For this reason, focusing on the whole "pattern" of dietary intake instead of the single nutrients or groups of nutrients when studying diseases outcomes is increasingly appealing and growing. Diet diversity refers to the variety of foods being eaten, and the terms, diversity or variety, are often used interchangeably. When the overall diet is characterized by healthy foods, diet diversity will reflect a diversity/variety of healthy foods eaten over a period of time. The introduction of solid foods in the 1st year of life is considered a measure of increased diet diversity. Consuming a diverse range of foods and food allergens in the first year of life may increase intake of important nutrients and positively affect the gut microbiome structure and function. Intake of omega-3 fatty acids and fibers/prebiotics may be particularly important but more information is required about dose and which individuals are most likely to benefit. Increased diet diversity in the first year of life is also associated with reduced food allergy outcomes. In addition to diet diversity, diet indices are considered measures of overall diet quality and can be used as a simple assessment of dietary intake. The focus of this paper is to review and critically address the current knowledge of the association between diet diversity and diet indices and allergy outcomes. Based on the current evidence, we recommend the introduction of solid foods, including common allergenic solids, during the 1st year of life, according to the infant's neuro-developmental abilities and familial or cultural habits. For infants with severe AD and/or FA, medical assessment may be advisable before introducing common food allergens into the diet. Limited evidence exist about the role of diet indices in pregnancy and allergic disease in the offspring, and the most promising results indicate a reduction in childhood wheeze and/or asthma intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza D'Auria
- Pediatric Department, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego G Peroni
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Ugo Andrea Sartorio
- Pediatric Department, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Pediatric Department, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carina Venter
- Section of Allergy and Immunology, Children Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, United States
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Trambusti I, Nuzzi G, Costagliola G, Verduci E, D'Auria E, Peroni DG, Comberiati P. Dietary Interventions and Nutritional Factors in the Prevention of Pediatric Asthma. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:480. [PMID: 33014920 PMCID: PMC7461983 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most frequent chronic disease in children, and its pathogenesis involves genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The rapid rise in the prevalence of asthma registered over the last few decades has stressed the need to identify the environmental and modifiable factors associated with the development of the disease. In particular, there is increasing interest in the role of modifiable nutritional factors specific to both the prenatal and post-natal early life as, during this time, the immune system is particularly vulnerable to exogenous interferences. Several dietary factors, including maternal diet during pregnancy, the duration of breastfeeding, the use of special milk formulas, the timing of the introduction of complementary foods, and prenatal and early life supplementation with vitamins and probiotics/prebiotics, have been addressed as potential targets for the prevention of asthma. In this review, we outline recent findings on the potential role of prenatal and perinatal dietary and nutritional interventions for the primary prevention of pediatric asthma. Moreover, we addressed unmet needs and areas for future research in the prevention of childhood-onset asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Trambusti
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Nuzzi
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Costagliola
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Enza D'Auria
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego G Peroni
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pasquale Comberiati
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Tsoukalas D, Sarandi E, Thanasoula M, Docea AO, Tsilimidos G, Calina D, Tsatsakis A. Metabolic Fingerprint of Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases: A New Diagnostic Perspective. Metabolites 2019; 9:E290. [PMID: 31779131 PMCID: PMC6949962 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9120290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) is a group of airway diseases, previously known as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. The heterogeneity of COLD does not allow early diagnosis and leads to increased morbidity and mortality. The increasing number of COLD incidences stresses the need for precision medicine approaches that are specific to the patient. Metabolomics is an emerging technology that allows for the discrimination of metabolic changes in the cell as a result of environmental factors and specific genetic background. Thus, quantification of metabolites in human biofluids can provide insights into the metabolic state of the individual in real time and unravel the presence of, or predisposition to, a disease. In this article, the advantages of and potential barriers to putting metabolomics into clinical practice for COLD are discussed. Today, metabolomics is mostly lab-based, and research studies with novel COLD-specific biomarkers are continuously being published. Several obstacles in the research and the market field hamper the translation of these data into clinical practice. However, technological and computational advances will facilitate the clinical interpretation of data and provide healthcare professionals with the tools to prevent, diagnose, and treat COLD with precision in the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Tsoukalas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (M.T.); (G.T.)
| | - Evangelia Sarandi
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (M.T.); (G.T.)
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Maria Thanasoula
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (M.T.); (G.T.)
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Gerasimos Tsilimidos
- Metabolomic Medicine Clinic, Health Clinics for Autoimmune and Chronic Diseases, 10674 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (M.T.); (G.T.)
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece;
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Fish Consumption at One Year of Age Reduces the Risk of Eczema, Asthma and Wheeze at Six Years of Age. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11091969. [PMID: 31438628 PMCID: PMC6770937 DOI: 10.3390/nu11091969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The role of dietary fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-PUFAs) in the primary prevention of allergic diseases remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between the consumption of fish and cod liver oil (rich in n-PUFAs) from pregnancy to the first two years of life, and parental reported allergic diseases at six years of age. Methods: We used data from the Prevention of Allergy among Children in Trondheim study and included mother-infant pairs who had submitted questionnaires detailing both maternal or infant diet and allergic disease at six years of age. Results: Eating fish at least once a week at one year of age was associated with a 28%, 40% and 34% reduction in the odds of current eczema, asthma, and wheeze at six years of age, respectively. Cod liver oil consumption at least four times per week at one year of age tended to be associated with a lower risk of allergy-related outcomes at six years. We found no consistent associations between allergy-related outcomes and fish or cod liver oil consumption by mothers. Conclusion: The preventive effect of fish consumption is best achieved by increasing dietary fish in the first year of life.
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Doneddu PE, Bianchi E, Cocito D, Manganelli F, Fazio R, Filosto M, Mazzeo A, Cosentino G, Cortese A, Jann S, Clerici AM, Antonini G, Siciliano G, Luigetti M, Marfia GA, Briani C, Lauria G, Rosso T, Cavaletti G, Carpo M, Benedetti L, Beghi E, Liberatore G, Santoro L, Peci E, Tronci S, Cotti Piccinelli S, Toscano A, Piccolo L, Verrengia EP, Leonardi L, Schirinzi E, Mataluni G, Ruiz M, Dacci P, Nobile‐Orazio E. Risk factors for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP): antecedent events, lifestyle and dietary habits. Data from the Italian CIDP Database. Eur J Neurol 2019; 27:136-143. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.14044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. E. Doneddu
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute MilanItaly
| | | | | | | | - R. Fazio
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute MilanItaly
| | - M. Filosto
- ASST ‘Spedali Civili’ University of Brescia BresciaItaly
| | | | | | - A. Cortese
- IRCCS Foundation C. Mondino National Neurological Institute PaviaItaly
| | - S. Jann
- Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital MilanItaly
| | - A. M. Clerici
- Circolo and Macchi Foundation Hospital Insubria UniversityDBSV VareseItaly
| | - G. Antonini
- ‘Sapienza’ University of RomeSant'Andrea Hospital RomeItaly
| | | | - M. Luigetti
- Catholic University of Sacred Heart RomeItaly
| | | | | | - G. Lauria
- IRCCS Foundation ‘Carlo Besta’ Neurological Institute University of Milan MilanItaly
| | - T. Rosso
- UOC Neurologia‐Castelfranco Veneto TrevisoItaly
| | | | - M. Carpo
- ASST Bergamo Ovest‐Ospedale Treviglio TreviglioItaly
| | | | - E. Beghi
- Istituto Mario Negri IRCCS MilanItaly
| | - G. Liberatore
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute MilanItaly
| | - L. Santoro
- University of Naples ‘Federico II’ NaplesItaly
| | - E. Peci
- University of Turin TurinItaly
| | - S. Tronci
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute MilanItaly
| | | | | | - L. Piccolo
- IRCCS Foundation C. Mondino National Neurological Institute PaviaItaly
| | | | - L. Leonardi
- ‘Sapienza’ University of RomeSant'Andrea Hospital RomeItaly
| | | | | | - M. Ruiz
- University of Padua PaduaItaly
| | - P. Dacci
- IRCCS Foundation ‘Carlo Besta’ Neurological Institute University of Milan MilanItaly
| | - E. Nobile‐Orazio
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute MilanItaly
- Milan University Milan Italy
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Stoodley I, Williams L, Thompson C, Scott H, Wood L. Evidence for lifestyle interventions in asthma. Breathe (Sheff) 2019; 15:e50-e61. [PMID: 31777565 PMCID: PMC6876140 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0019-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airways disease, estimated to affect 300 million people worldwide. Asthma management plans focus on optimisation of asthma pharmacotherapy. Lifestyle interventions also hold great promise for asthma sufferers as they are accessible, low cost and have minimal side-effects, thus making adherence more likely. This review explores lifestyle interventions that have been tested in asthma, including improving nutrition, increasing physical activity and introduction of relaxation therapies such as yoga and massage therapy. Available evidence suggests a protective effect of increasing fruit, vegetable and wholegrain intake and increasing physical activity levels in asthma. Weight loss is recommended for obese asthmatic patients, as just 5–10% weight loss has been found to improve quality of life and asthma control in most obese asthmatic patients. Other lifestyle interventions such as meditation, yoga and massage therapy show promise, with positive effects on asthma seen in some studies. However, the study protocols are highly variable and the results are inconsistent. Additional research is needed to further develop and refine recommendations regarding lifestyle modifications that can be implemented to improve asthma. Lifestyleinterventions may be key to living well with asthma, as increasing fruit, vegetable and wholegrain intake and exercise levels are shown to improve asthma. Future recommendations may include yoga, meditation and massage.http://bit.ly/2wbJp2J
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Affiliation(s)
- Isobel Stoodley
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Lily Williams
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Cherry Thompson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Hayley Scott
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Lisa Wood
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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Comberiati P, Costagliola G, D'Elios S, Peroni D. Prevention of Food Allergy: The Significance of Early Introduction. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019; 55:E323. [PMID: 31261990 PMCID: PMC6681183 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55070323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the prevalence of food allergies has registered a significant increase in Westernized societies, potentially due to changes in environmental exposure and lifestyle. The pathogenesis of food allergies is complex and includes genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. New evidence has highlighted the role of the intestinal microbiome in the maintenance of the immune tolerance to foods and the potential pathogenic role of early percutaneous exposure to allergens. The recent increase in food allergy rates has led to a reconsideration of prevention strategies for atopic diseases, mainly targeting the timing of the introduction of solid foods into infants' diet. Early recommendation for high atopy risk infants to delay the introduction of potential food allergens, such as cow's milk, egg, and peanut, until after the first year of life, has been rescinded, as emerging evidence has shown that these approaches are not effective in preventing food allergies. More recently, high-quality clinical trials have suggested an opposite approach, which promotes early introduction of potential food allergens into infants' diet as a means to prevent food allergies. This evidence has led to the production of new guidelines recommending early introduction of peanut as a preventive strategy for peanut allergy. However, clinical trials investigating whether this preventive dietary approach could also apply to other types of food allergens have reported ambiguous results. This review focuses on the latest high-quality evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials examining the timing of solid food introduction as a strategy to prevent food allergies and also discusses the possible implications of early complementary feeding on both the benefits and the total duration of breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Comberiati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Paediatrics, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Costagliola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Paediatrics, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sofia D'Elios
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Paediatrics, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Diego Peroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Paediatrics, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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Lemoine S CM, Brigham EP, Woo H, Hanson CK, McCormack MC, Koch A, Putcha N, Hansel NN. Omega-3 fatty acid intake and prevalent respiratory symptoms among U.S. adults with COPD. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:97. [PMID: 31122230 PMCID: PMC6533751 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Omega-3 fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and derivatives, play a key role in the resolution of inflammation. Higher intake has been linked to decreased morbidity in several diseases, though effects on respiratory diseases like COPD are understudied. Methods The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), with a focus on dietary assessment, provides a unique opportunity to explore relationships between omega-3 intake and morbidity in respiratory diseases marked by inflammation in the United States (US) population. We investigated relationships between ALA or EPA + DHA intake and respiratory symptoms among US adults with COPD, as well as variation in relationships based on personal characteristics or exposures. Results Of 878 participants, mean age was 60.6 years, 48% were current smokers, and 68% completed high school. Omega-3 intake was, 1.71 ± 0.89 g (ALA), and 0.11 ± 0.21 g (EPA + DHA). Logistic regression models, adjusting for age, gender, race, body mass index, FEV1, education, smoking status, pack-years, total caloric intake, and omega-6 (linoleic acid, LA) intake demonstrated no primary associations between omega-3 intake and respiratory symptoms. Interaction terms were used to determine potential modification of relationships by personal characteristics (race, gender, education) or exposures (LA intake, smoking status), demonstrating that at lower levels of LA intake, increasing ALA intake was associated with reduced odds of chronic cough (pint = 0.015) and wheeze (pint = 0.037). EPA + DHA, but not ALA, was associated with reduced symptoms only among current smokers who did not complete high school. Conclusions Individual factors should be taken into consideration when studying the association of fatty acid intake on respiratory diseases, as differential responses may reveal susceptible subgroups. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12890-019-0852-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily P Brigham
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Han Woo
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Meredith C McCormack
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abigail Koch
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nirupama Putcha
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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46
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Dietary and Nutritional Influences on Allergy Prevention. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-018-0182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Papamichael MM, Katsardis C, Lambert K, Tsoukalas D, Koutsilieris M, Erbas B, Itsiopoulos C. Efficacy of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with fatty fish in ameliorating inflammation in paediatric asthma: a randomised controlled trial. J Hum Nutr Diet 2018; 32:185-197. [PMID: 30378203 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood asthma is the most common respiratory disorder worldwide, being associated with increased morbidity and a decreased quality of life. Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties; however, their efficacy in asthma is controversial. The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with a high omega-3 'fatty' fish intake in Greek asthmatic children. METHODS A single-centred, 6-month, parallel randomised controlled trial compared the consumption of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with two meals of 150 g of cooked fatty fish weekly (intervention) with the usual diet (control) with respect to pulmonary function in children (aged 5-12 years) with mild asthma. Pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry and bronchial inflammation by fractional exhaled nitric oxide analysis. RESULTS Sixty-four children (52% male, 48% female) successfully completed the trial. Fatty fish intake increased in the intervention group from 17 g day-1 at baseline to 46 g day-1 at 6 months (P < 0.001). In the unadjusted analysis, the effect of the intervention was of borderline significance (P = 0.06, β = -11.93; 95% confidence interval = -24.32 to 0.46). However, after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index and regular physical activity, a significant effect was observed (P = 0.04, β = -14.15 ppb; 95% confidence interval = -27.39 to -0.91). No difference was observed for spirometry, asthma control and quality of life scores. CONCLUSIONS A Mediterranean diet supplemented with two fatty fish meals per week might be a potential strategy for reducing airway inflammation in childhood asthma. Future robust clinical trials are warranted to replicate and corroborate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Papamichael
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ch Katsardis
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - K Lambert
- Department of Public Health, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D Tsoukalas
- European Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - M Koutsilieris
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - B Erbas
- Department of Public Health, School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - C Itsiopoulos
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition & Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Lee-Sarwar K, Kelly RS, Lasky-Su J, Kachroo P, Zeiger RS, O'Connor GT, Sandel MT, Bacharier LB, Beigelman A, Laranjo N, Gold DR, Weiss ST, Litonjua AA. Dietary and Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Inversely Associated with Asthma and Atopy in Early Childhood. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2018; 7:529-538.e8. [PMID: 30145365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) influence immune function and risk of allergic disease. Prior evidence of the effect of PUFA intake on childhood asthma and allergy is inconclusive. OBJECTIVES To investigate associations of PUFA plasma levels and dietary intake with asthma and allergy at age 3 years in this ancillary study of the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial. METHODS Plasma PUFA levels were reported as relative abundances from mass spectrometry profiling, and dietary PUFA intake was derived from food frequency questionnaire responses. Associations between PUFA and outcomes, including asthma and/or recurrent wheeze, allergic sensitization, and total IgE at age 3 years, were evaluated in adjusted regression models. Additional regression models analyzed the combined effects of antenatal vitamin D and early childhood PUFA on outcomes. RESULTS Total, omega-3, and omega-6 plasma PUFA relative abundances were significantly (P < .05) inversely associated with both asthma and/or recurrent wheeze and allergic sensitization. Likewise, dietary PUFA intake was inversely associated with asthma and/or recurrent wheeze (P < .05 for omega-6 PUFA only). For both dietary and plasma measures of total, omega-3, and omega-6 PUFAs, inverse associations with outcomes were strongest among subjects with both high umbilical cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D and high PUFA at age 3 years. CONCLUSIONS PUFA dietary intake and plasma levels are inversely associated with asthma and/or recurrent wheeze and atopy at age 3 years. Antenatal vitamin D could modulate the effect of early childhood PUFA on risk of asthma and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Lee-Sarwar
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Rachel S Kelly
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Priyadarshini Kachroo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Robert S Zeiger
- Departments of Allergy and Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego and Pasadena, Calif
| | - George T O'Connor
- Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Megan T Sandel
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Mass
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, Mo
| | - Avraham Beigelman
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, Mo
| | - Nancy Laranjo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Diane R Gold
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children's Hospital at University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, NY.
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Eigenmann P. Editorial comments on this issue of the Journal. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018; 29:339-340. [PMID: 29878521 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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