1
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Gui Y, Teo J, Tian D, Yin Z. Genetic engineering low-arsenic and low-cadmium rice grain. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2143-2155. [PMID: 38085003 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Rice is prone to take up the toxic elements arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) from paddy soil through the transporters for other essential elements. Disruption of these essential transporters usually adversely affects the normal growth of rice and the homeostasis of essential elements. Here we report on developing low-As and low-Cd rice grain through the co-overexpression of OsPCS1, OsABCC1, and OsHMA3 genes under the control of the rice OsActin1 promoter. Co-overexpression of OsPCS1 and OsABCC1 synergistically decreased As concentration in the grain. Overexpression of OsPCS1 also decreased Cd concentration in the grain by restricting the xylem-to-phloem Cd transport in node I, but paradoxically caused Cd hypersensitivity as the overproduced phytochelatins in OsPCS1-overexpressing plants suppressed OsHMA3-dependent Cd sequestration in vacuoles and promoted Cd transport from root to shoot. Co-overexpression of OsHAM3 and OsPCS1 overcame this suppression and complemented the Cd hypersensitivity. Compared with non-transgenic rice control, co-overexpression of OsABCC1, OsPCS1, and OsHMA3 in rice decreased As and Cd concentrations in grain by 92.1% and 98%, respectively, without causing any defect in plant growth and reproduction or of mineral nutrients in grain. Our research provides an effective approach and useful genetic materials for developing low-As and low-Cd rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejing Gui
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Joanne Teo
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Dongsheng Tian
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhongchao Yin
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, 14 Science Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
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2
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Xu X, Sun SK, Zhang W, Tang Z, Zhao FJ. Editing Silicon Transporter Genes to Reduce Arsenic Accumulation in Rice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1976-1985. [PMID: 38232111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Rice is a dominant source of inorganic arsenic (As) exposure for populations consuming rice as a staple food. Decreasing As accumulation in rice grain is important for improving food safety. Arsenite [As(III)], the main form of As in paddy soil porewater, is taken up inadvertently by OsLsi1 and OsLsi2, the two key transporters for silicon (Si) uptake in rice roots. Here, we investigated whether editing OsLsi1 or OsLsi2 can decrease As accumulation in rice grain without compromising grain yield. We used the CRISPR-Cas9 technology to edit the promoter region of OsLsi1 and the C-terminal coding sequence of OsLsi1 and OsLsi2, and we generated a total of 27 mutants. Uptake and accumulation of Si and As were evaluated in both short-term hydroponic experiments and in a paddy field. Deletion of 1.2-2 kb of the OsLsi1 promoter suppressed OsLsi1 expression in roots and Si uptake markedly and did not affect As(III) uptake or grain As concentration. Some of the OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 coding sequence mutants showed large decreases in the uptake of Si and As(III) as well as large decreases in Si accumulation in rice husks. However, only OsLsi2 mutants showed significant decreases (by up to 63%) in the grain total As concentration. Editing OsLsi2 mainly affected the accumulation of inorganic As in rice grain with little effect on the accumulation of dimethylarsenate (DMA). Grain yields of the OsLsi2 mutants were comparable to those of the wild type. Editing OsLsi2 provides a promising way to reduce As accumulation in rice grain without compromising the grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| | - Sheng-Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| | - Zhu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China
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3
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Fan X, Tang H, Chen X, Zeng F, Chen G, Chen ZH, Qin Y, Deng F. Allene oxide synthase 1 contributes to limiting grain arsenic accumulation and seedling detoxification in rice. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:52. [PMID: 38032410 PMCID: PMC10689621 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a cancerogenic metalloid ubiquitously distributed in the environment, which can be easily accumulated in food crops like rice. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives play critical roles in plant growth and stress response. However, the role of endogenous JA in As accumulation and detoxification is still poorly understood. In this study, we found that JA biosynthesis enzymes Allene Oxide Synthases, OsAOS1 and OsAOS2, regulate As accumulation and As tolerance in rice. Evolutionary bioinformatic analysis indicated that AOS1 and AOS2 have evolved from streptophyte algae (e.g. the basal lineage Klebsormidium flaccidum) - sister clade of land plants. Compared to other two AOSs, OsAOS1 and OsAOS2 were highly expressed in all examined rice tissues and their transcripts were highly induced by As in root and shoot. Loss-of-function of OsAOS1 (osaos1-1) showed elevated As concentration in grains, which was likely attributed to the increased As translocation from root to shoot when the plants were subjected to arsenate [As(V)] but not arsenite [As (III)]. However, the mutation of OsAOS2 (osaos2-1) showed no such effect. Moreover, osaos1-1 and osaos2-1 increased the sensitivity of rice plants to both As(V) and As(III). Disrupted expression of genes involved in As accumulation and detoxification, such as OsPT4, OsNIP3;2, and OsOASTL-A1, was observed in both osaos1-1 and osaos2-1 mutant lines. In addition, a As(V)-induced significant decrease in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production was observed in the root of osaos1-1 but not in osaos2-1. Taken together, our results indicate OsAOS1 modulates both As allocation and detoxification, which could be partially attributed to the altered gene expression profiling and ROS homeostasis in rice while OsAOS2 is important for As tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fan
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Haiyang Tang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuan Qin
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
| | - Fenglin Deng
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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4
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Aminian-Dehkordi J, Rahimi S, Golzar-Ahmadi M, Singh A, Lopez J, Ledesma-Amaro R, Mijakovic I. Synthetic biology tools for environmental protection. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108239. [PMID: 37619824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology transforms the way we perceive biological systems. Emerging technologies in this field affect many disciplines of science and engineering. Traditionally, synthetic biology approaches were commonly aimed at developing cost-effective microbial cell factories to produce chemicals from renewable sources. Based on this, the immediate beneficial impact of synthetic biology on the environment came from reducing our oil dependency. However, synthetic biology is starting to play a more direct role in environmental protection. Toxic chemicals released by industries and agriculture endanger the environment, disrupting ecosystem balance and biodiversity loss. This review highlights synthetic biology approaches that can help environmental protection by providing remediation systems capable of sensing and responding to specific pollutants. Remediation strategies based on genetically engineered microbes and plants are discussed. Further, an overview of computational approaches that facilitate the design and application of synthetic biology tools in environmental protection is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shadi Rahimi
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mehdi Golzar-Ahmadi
- Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Amritpal Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW72AZ, UK
| | - Javiera Lopez
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW72AZ, UK
| | | | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
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Wen Y, Chairattanawat C, Vo KTX, Liu J, Zhang J, Pan T, Kim DY, Martinoia E, Zhong CY, Wang MH, Jeon JS, Song WY. VOZ1 and VOZ2 transcription factors regulate arsenic tolerance and distribution in rice and Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1209860. [PMID: 37799560 PMCID: PMC10548236 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1209860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Rice is the major source of arsenic (As) intake in humans, as this staple crop readily accumulates As in the grain. Identifying the genes and molecular mechanisms underlying As accumulation and tolerance is a crucial step toward developing rice with reduced As levels. We identified 25 rice genes that improve As tolerance in yeast cells by expressing a complementary DNA (cDNA) library generated from As-treated rice roots. Among them, a zinc finger-type transcription factor VASCULAR PLANT ONE- ZINC FINGER 1 (OsVOZ1) (OsVOZ1) conferred the most pronounced As tolerance. OsVOZ1 inhibits As accumulation in yeast via activation of As efflux transporter Acr3p by post-transcriptional modification in yeast. The Arabidopsis voz1 voz2 double-knockout mutant exhibited As hypersensitivity, altered As concentrations in various tissues, and reduced As transport activity via the phloem. Arabidopsis and rice VOZs were highly expressed in phloem cells in various tissues, which are critical for As distribution in plant tissues. The double-knockdown and single-knockout plants of OsVOZ1 and OsVOZ2 reduced As accumulation in their seeds. These findings suggest that rice and Arabidopsis VOZs regulate the translocation of As into tissues by regulating the phloem loading of this element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wen
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Chayanee Chairattanawat
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kieu Thi Xuan Vo
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiayou Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Do-Young Kim
- Advanced Bio-convergence Center, Pohang Technopark, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Institute of Plant Biology, University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chun-Yan Zhong
- Zhaoqing Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Mao-Hui Wang
- Zhaoqing Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Jong-Seong Jeon
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Yong Song
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
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6
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Sabbagh S. Arsenic contamination in rice, radiation and chemical methods of measurement, and implications for food safety. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:1870-1887. [PMID: 37206426 PMCID: PMC10188706 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Rice products, including those given to infants, could be naturally polluted with arsenic. This issue for all age groups should be a top priority for the world food industry and the public. Food regulators assume incorrectly that infants' food and other rice products are safe, and health, agriculture and commerce authorities follow no clear guidelines. A common measure has been to place a ML on the amount of iAs in white rice and food intended for children and pregnant women. Although oAs is less toxic than iAs, it is still toxic; consequently, the ML of arsenic for the different age groups should be also specified. However, the ML of iAs in polished white rice for infants is very low (100 μg/kg for infants and 200 μg/kg for adults) and is difficult to measure. Using neutron activation for research is very useful in improving safety standards in the food industry. The second purpose of this review study is to report on the experimental results and methods used for measurements adopted at the Delft Reactor in the Netherlands with a colleague of the quantity of arsenic in 21 samples of different rice products from a variety of brands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Sabbagh
- Energy Institute, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Sun SK, Chen J, Zhao FJ. Regulatory mechanisms of sulfur metabolism affecting tolerance and accumulation of toxic trace metals and metalloids in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:3286-3299. [PMID: 36861339 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with trace metals and metalloids can cause toxicity to plants and threaten food safety and human health. Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to cope with excess trace metals and metalloids in soils, including chelation and vacuolar sequestration. Sulfur-containing compounds, such as glutathione and phytochelatins, play a crucial role in their detoxification, and sulfur uptake and assimilation are regulated in response to the stress of toxic trace metals and metalloids. This review focuses on the multi-level connections between sulfur homeostasis in plants and responses to such stresses, especially those imposed by arsenic and cadmium. We consider recent progress in understanding the regulation of biosynthesis of glutathione and phytochelatins and of the sensing mechanism of sulfur homeostasis for tolerance of trace metals and metalloids in plants. We also discuss the roles of glutathione and phytochelatins in controlling the accumulation and distribution of arsenic and cadmium in plants, and possible strategies for manipulating sulfur metabolism to limit their accumulation in food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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8
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Zheng C, Yang ZB, Xu XX, Cheng Z. Assessing the risk of human exposure to bioaccessible arsenic from total diet through market food consumption in Chengdu, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:2065-2076. [PMID: 35789313 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01325-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To assess the daily intake of total arsenic (tAs) and arsenic speciation and their potential health risks, different food groups, including vegetables, rice, meat, viscera, freshwater fish, and seafood from Chengdu, China were analyzed. The concentrations of tAs ranged from 41.3 to 1185 μg kg-1 with a median of 238 μg kg-1, and 26.0% of tAs in the food groups was of inorganic toxic form. The median concentration of As(V) in rice (184 ± 21.6 μg kg-1) was approximately 2 to 6 times higher than those in other food groups. The bioaccessible inorganic arsenic (iAs) concentrations of the food items obtained from the local markets of Chengdu ranged from 1.07 to 24.6 μg kg-1 (mean of 6.04 μg kg-1). Rice contributed toward the largest amount of daily iAs intake (66.2%). The mean daily iAs intake from vegetable, meat and viscera contributed 10.7%, 12.5% and 6.04% of total iAs intake, respectively. The actual concentration of arsenic in the food exposed to the human body depends on oral bioaccessible fraction. The oral bioaccessibility estimated daily intake (μg kg-1 bw d-1) of tAs and iAs for the residents of Chengdu was 0.32 and 0.16. Health risk assessments carried out based on bioaccessible iAs concentrations showed that the food items were safe for consumption from the iAs perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zheng
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhan-Biao Yang
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Xun Xu
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhang Cheng
- College of Environment Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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9
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Tang Z, Wang HQ, Chen J, Chang JD, Zhao FJ. Molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity and detoxification of trace metals and metalloids in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:570-593. [PMID: 36546407 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants take up a wide range of trace metals/metalloids (hereinafter referred to as trace metals) from the soil, some of which are essential but become toxic at high concentrations (e.g., Cu, Zn, Ni, Co), while others are non-essential and toxic even at relatively low concentrations (e.g., As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg). Soil contamination of trace metals is an increasing problem worldwide due to intensifying human activities. Trace metal contamination can cause toxicity and growth inhibition in plants, as well as accumulation in the edible parts to levels that threatens food safety and human health. Understanding the mechanisms of trace metal toxicity and how plants respond to trace metal stress is important for improving plant growth and food safety in contaminated soils. The accumulation of excess trace metals in plants can cause oxidative stress, genotoxicity, programmed cell death, and disturbance in multiple physiological processes. Plants have evolved various strategies to detoxify trace metals through cell-wall binding, complexation, vacuolar sequestration, efflux, and translocation. Multiple signal transduction pathways and regulatory responses are involved in plants challenged with trace metal stresses. In this review, we discuss the recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in trace metal toxicity, detoxification, and regulation, as well as strategies to enhance plant resistance to trace metal stresses and reduce toxic metal accumulation in food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Han-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jia-Dong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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10
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Li L, Zheng Q, Jiang W, Xiao N, Zeng F, Chen G, Mak M, Chen ZH, Deng F. Molecular Regulation and Evolution of Cytokinin Signaling in Plant Abiotic Stresses. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:1787-1805. [PMID: 35639886 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable production of crops faces increasing challenges from global climate change and human activities, which leads to increasing instances of many abiotic stressors to plants. Among the abiotic stressors, drought, salinity and excessive levels of toxic metals cause reductions in global agricultural productivity and serious health risks for humans. Cytokinins (CKs) are key phytohormones functioning in both normal development and stress responses in plants. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms on the biosynthesis, metabolism, transport and signaling transduction pathways of CKs. CKs act as negative regulators of both root system architecture plasticity and root sodium exclusion in response to salt stress. The functions of CKs in mineral-toxicity tolerance and their detoxification in plants are reviewed. Comparative genomic analyses were performed to trace the origin, evolution and diversification of the critical regulatory networks linking CK signaling and abiotic stress. We found that the production of CKs and their derivatives, pathways of signal transduction and drought-response root growth regulation are evolutionarily conserved in land plants. In addition, the mechanisms of CK-mediated sodium exclusion under salt stress are suggested for further investigations. In summary, we propose that the manipulation of CK levels and their signaling pathways is important for plant abiotic stress and is, therefore, a potential strategy for meeting the increasing demand for global food production under changing climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Qingfeng Zheng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Nayun Xiao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Michelle Mak
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Fenglin Deng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
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11
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Deng F, Zeng F, Norton GJ. Editorial: Natural Variations and Genetic Constraints on Plant Nutrition. Front Genet 2022; 13:941118. [PMID: 35812746 PMCID: PMC9264042 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.941118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Deng
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fenglin Deng,
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Gareth J. Norton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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12
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Singh S, Srivastava S. Recent advances in arsenic mitigation in rice through biotechnological approaches. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:305-313. [PMID: 35654740 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2080803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a major threat to the environment and human health due to its toxicity and carcinogenicity. Occurrence of alarming concentrations of As in water and soil leads to its bioaccumulation in crops which is a major health concern globally. Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food for a large population staying in As contaminated areas so, it is of utmost importance to reduce As levels in rice, especially grains. Amongst several strategies in practice, biotechnology may provide an effective option to reduce As accumulation in rice grains. Genetic engineering can be a viable approach to exploit potential genes playing roles in As metabolism pathway in plants. Besides, developing low As accumulating rice varieties through breeding is also an important area. Identifying genotypic variation in rice is a crucial step toward the development of a safe rice cultivar for growing in As-affected areas. Significant genotypic variation has been found in rice varieties for As accumulation in grains and that is attributable to differential expression of transporters, radial oxygen loss, and other regulators of As stress. This review provides recent updates on the research advances leading to transgenic and breeding approaches adopted to reduce As levels in rice, especially grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Singh
- Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Tissue-specific enhancement of OsRNS1 with root-preferred expression is required for the increase of crop yield. J Adv Res 2022; 42:69-81. [PMID: 35609869 PMCID: PMC9788951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Root development is a fundamental process that supports plant survival and crop productivity. One of the essential factors to consider when developing biotechnology crops is the selection of a promoter that can optimize the spatial-temporal expression of introduced genes. However, there are insufficient cases of suitable promoters in crop plants, including rice. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to verify the usefulness of a new rice root-preferred promoter to optimize the function of a target gene with root-preferred expression in rice. METHODS osrns1 mutant had defects in root development based on T-DNA insertional mutant screening and CRISPR technology. To optimize the function of OsRNS1, we generated OsRNS1-overexpression plants under two different promoters: a whole-plant expression promoter and a novel root-preferred expression promoter. Root growth, yield-related agronomic traits, RNA-seq, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation were analyzed for comparison. RESULTS OsRNS1 was found to be involved in root development through T-DNA insertional mutant analysis and gene editing mutant analysis. To understand the gain of function of OsRNS1, pUbi1::OsRNS1 was generated for the whole-plant expression, and both root growth defects and overall growth defects were found. To overcome this problem, a root-preferential overexpression line using Os1-CysPrxB promoter (Per) was generated and showed an increase in root length, plant height, and grain yield compared to wild-type (WT). RNA-seq analysis revealed that the response to oxidative stress-related genes was significantly up-regulated in both overexpression lines but was more obvious in pPer::OsRNS1. Furthermore, ROS levels in the roots were drastically decreased in pPer::OsRNS1 but were increased in the osrns1 mutants compared to WT. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the use of a root-preferred promoter effectively optimizes the function of OsRNS1 and is a useful strategy for improving root-related agronomic traits as well as ROS regulation.
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Zulfiqar F, Ashraf M. Antioxidants as modulators of arsenic-induced oxidative stress tolerance in plants: An overview. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 427:127891. [PMID: 34848065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic contaminant in the environment. Although both inorganic and organic types of arsenic exist in the environment, the most common inorganic forms of As that adversely affect plants are arsenite (As III) and arsenate (As V). Despite no evidence for As being essential for plant growth, exposure of roots to this element can cause its uptake primarily via transporters responsible for the transport of essential mineral nutrients. Arsenic exposure even at low concentrations disturbs the plant normal functioning via excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, a condition known as oxidative stress leading to an imbalance in the redox system of the plant. This is associated with considerable damage to the cell components thereby impairing normal cellular functions and activation of several cell survival and cell death pathways. To counteract this oxidative disorder, plants possess natural defense mechanisms such as chemical species and enzymatic antioxidants. This review considers how different types of antioxidants participate in the oxidative defense mechanism to alleviate As stress in plants. Since the underlying phenomena of oxidative stress tolerance are not yet fully elucidated, the potential for "Omics" technologies to uncover molecular mechanisms are discussed. Various strategies to improve As-induced oxidative tolerance in plants such as exogenous supplementation of effective growth regulators, protectant chemicals, transgenic approaches, and genome editing are also discussed thoroughly in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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15
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Podar D, Maathuis FJM. The role of roots and rhizosphere in providing tolerance to toxic metals and metalloids. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:719-736. [PMID: 34622470 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Human activity and natural processes have led to the widespread dissemination of metals and metalloids, many of which are toxic and have a negative impact on plant growth and development. Roots, as the first point of contact, are essential in endowing plants with tolerance to excess metal(loid) in the soil. The most important root processes that contribute to tolerance are: adaptation of transport processes that affect uptake efflux and long-distance transport of metal(loid)s; metal(loid) detoxification within root cells via conjugation to thiol rich compounds and subsequent sequestration in the vacuole; plasticity in root architecture; the presence of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere that impact on metal(loid) bioavailability; the role of root exudates. In this review, we provide details on these processes and assess their relevance on the detoxification of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and zinc in crops. Furthermore, we assess which of these strategies have been tested in field conditions and whether they are effective in terms of improving crop metal(loid) tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Podar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology-Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj, Romania
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16
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Zhao FJ, Tang Z, Song JJ, Huang XY, Wang P. Toxic metals and metalloids: Uptake, transport, detoxification, phytoremediation, and crop improvement for safer food. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:27-44. [PMID: 34619329 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural soils are under threat of toxic metal/metalloid contamination from anthropogenic activities, leading to excessive accumulation of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) in food crops that poses significant risks to human health. Understanding how these toxic metals and their methylated species are taken up, translocated, and detoxified is prerequisite to developing strategies to limit their accumulation for safer food. Toxic metals are taken up and transported across different cellular compartments and plant tissues via various transporters for essential or beneficial nutrients, e.g. As by phosphate and silicon transporters, and Cd by manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) transporters. These transport processes are subjected to interactions with nutrients and the regulation at the transcriptional and post-translational levels. Complexation with thiol-rich compounds, such as phytochelatins, and sequestration in the vacuoles are the common mechanisms for detoxification and for limiting their translocation. A number of genes involved in toxic metal uptake, transport, and detoxification have been identified, offering targets for genetic manipulation via gene editing or transgenic technologies. Natural variations in toxic metal accumulation exist within crop germplasm, and some of the quantitative trait loci underlying these variations have been cloned, paving the way for marker-assisted breeding of low metal accumulation crops. Using plants to extract and remove toxic metals from soil is also possible, but this phytoremediation approach requires metal hyperaccumulation for efficiency. Knowledge gaps and future research needs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
| | - Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Jia-Jun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
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17
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Farooq MA, Islam F, Ayyaz A, Chen W, Noor Y, Hu W, Hannan F, Zhou W. Mitigation effects of exogenous melatonin-selenium nanoparticles on arsenic-induced stress in Brassica napus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118473. [PMID: 34758366 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) and selenium (Se) application known to decrease heavy metal uptake and toxicity in plants. By mixing the Se in MT medium a new complex MT-Se nanoparticles (MT-Se NPs) was synthesized and we investigated the role of MT-Se NPs on B. napus growth and tolerance against As stress. The MT-Se particles significantly enhanced the plant growth and other associated physiological attributes under As stress. The As treatment at 80 μM was more phytotoxic, however MT-Se NPs application resulted in a substantial increase in leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, biomass accumulation, and decreased ROS relative to As stressed plants. The use of MT-Se NPs to As stressed plants reduced photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative stress and attenuated the increase in MDA and H2O2 contents. The application of MT-Se NPs also boosted the antioxidant enzymes activities such as SOD, POD and CAT as well as the APX, GR and GSH activates under As stress. The results also showed MT-Se NPs treatments alleviated the growth inhibition induced by As and reduced the accumulation of As in leaves and roots of B. napus seedlings. Moreover, treatment with MT-Se NPs improved the plant growth more successfully than treatment of MT and Se alone. This study explored the mechanism of melatonin and selenium efficiency in the composition can be jointly encouraged to exert synergistic effects and boost plant enzymatic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahsan Farooq
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Faisal Islam
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ahsan Ayyaz
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weiqi Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yamna Noor
- Department of Botany, The Women University, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Weizhen Hu
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fakhir Hannan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Moulick D, Samanta S, Sarkar S, Mukherjee A, Pattnaik BK, Saha S, Awasthi JP, Bhowmick S, Ghosh D, Samal AC, Mahanta S, Mazumder MK, Choudhury S, Bramhachari K, Biswas JK, Santra SC. Arsenic contamination, impact and mitigation strategies in rice agro-environment: An inclusive insight. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149477. [PMID: 34426348 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination and its adverse consequences on rice agroecosystem are well known. Rice has the credit to feed more than 50% of the world population but concurrently, rice accumulates a substantial amount of As, thereby compromising food security. The gravity of the situation lays in the fact that the population in theAs uncontaminated areas may be accidentally exposed to toxic levels of As from rice consumption. In this review, we are trying to summarize the documents on the impact of As contamination and phytotoxicity in past two decades. The unique feature of this attempt is wide spectrum coverages of topics, and that makes it truly an interdisciplinary review. Aprat from the behaviour of As in rice field soil, we have documented the cellular and molecular response of rice plant upon exposure to As. The potential of various mitigation strategies with particular emphasis on using biochar, seed priming technology, irrigation management, transgenic variety development and other agronomic methods have been critically explored. The review attempts to give a comprehensive and multidiciplinary insight into the behaviour of As in Paddy -Water - Soil - Plate prospective from molecular to post-harvest phase. From the comprehensive literature review, we may conclude that considerable emphasis on rice grain, nutritional and anti-nutritional components, and grain quality traits under arsenic stress condition is yet to be given. Besides these, some emerging mitigation options like seed priming technology, adoption of nanotechnological strategies, applications of biochar should be fortified in large scale without interfering with the proper use of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debojyoti Moulick
- Plant Stress Biology and Metabolomics Laboratory Central Instrumentation Laboratory (CIL), Assam University, Silchar 788 011, India.
| | - Suman Samanta
- Division of Agricultural Physics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Sukamal Sarkar
- Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arkabanee Mukherjee
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Dr Homi Bhabha Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India.
| | - Binaya Kumar Pattnaik
- Symbiosis Institute of Geoinformatics, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Saikat Saha
- Nadia Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Gayeshpur, Nadia 741234, West Bengal, India.
| | - Jay Prakash Awasthi
- Department of Botany, Government College Lamta, Balaghat, Madhya Pradesh 481551, India.
| | - Subhamoy Bhowmick
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India.
| | - Dibakar Ghosh
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India.
| | - Alok Chandra Samal
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subrata Mahanta
- Department of Chemistry, NIT Jamshedpur, Adityapur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831014, India.
| | | | - Shuvasish Choudhury
- Plant Stress Biology and Metabolomics Laboratory Central Instrumentation Laboratory (CIL), Assam University, Silchar 788 011, India.
| | - Koushik Bramhachari
- Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India.
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subhas Chandra Santra
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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19
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Singh R, Misra AN, Sharma P. Safe, efficient, and economically beneficial remediation of arsenic-contaminated soil: possible strategies for increasing arsenic tolerance and accumulation in non-edible economically important native plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:64113-64129. [PMID: 34036509 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities, geological processes, and biogenic sources have led to the enhanced concentration of arsenic (As), a toxic metalloid in water and soil. Non-edible, economically important plants can be employed for safe As phytoremediation in addition to generating extra income. However, these plants may get affected by stressful local environmental conditions. Native plant species are adapted to local environmental conditions and hence overcome this problem. Native non-edible economic plant species which show high As tolerance and accumulation are promising candidate for safe, efficient, and economically beneficial phytoremediation of As-contaminated sites. The current review discusses the potential of native economic plant species that can be used in As phytoremediation programme. However, since their phytoremediation potential is moderate, possible strategies for increasing As olerance and accumulation, especially genetic modification, have been discussed in detail. Knowledge gained from the review can be used for the development of As tolerance and accumulation in non-edible economic native plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Singh
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835205, India
| | - Amarendra Narayan Misra
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835205, India
| | - Pallavi Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835205, India.
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382030, India.
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20
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Chen JX, Cao Y, Yan X, Chen Y, Ma LQ. Novel PvACR3;2 and PvACR3;3 genes from arsenic-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata and their roles in manipulating plant arsenic accumulation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125647. [PMID: 33740714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenite (AsIII) antiporter ACR3 is crucial for arsenic (As) translocation and sequestration in As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata, which has potential for phytoremediation of As-contaminated soils. In this study, two new ACR3 genes PvACR3;2 and PvACR3;3 were cloned from P. vittata and studied in model organism yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and model plant tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Both ACR3s mediated AsIII efflux in yeast, decreasing its As accumulation and enhancing its As tolerance. In addition, PvACR3;2 and PvACR3;3 were expressed in tobacco plant. Localized on the plasma membrane, PvACR3;2 mediated both AsIII translocation to the shoots and AsIII efflux from the roots in tobacco, resulting in 203 - 258% increase in shoot As after exposing to 5 μM AsIII under hydroponics. In comparison, localized to the vacuolar membrane, PvACR3;3 sequestrated AsIII in tobacco root vacuoles, leading to 18 - 20% higher As in the roots and 15 - 36% lower As in the shoots. Further, based on qRT-PCR, both genes were mainly expressed in P. vittata fronds, indicating PvACR3;2 and PvACR3;3 may play roles in AsIII translocation and sequestration in the fronds. This study provides not only new insights into the functions of new ACR3 genes in P. vittata, but also important gene resources for manipulating As accumulation in plants for phytoremediation and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yue Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiangjuan Yan
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yanshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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21
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Deng F, Zeng F, Chen G, Feng X, Riaz A, Wu X, Gao W, Wu F, Holford P, Chen ZH. Metalloid hazards: From plant molecular evolution to mitigation strategies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124495. [PMID: 33187800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Metalloids such as boron and silicon are key elements for plant growth and crop productivity. However, toxic metalloids such as arsenic are increasing in the environment due to inputs from natural sources and human activities. These hazardous metalloids can cause serious health risks to humans and animals if they enter the food chain. Plants have developed highly regulated mechanisms to alleviate the toxicity of metalloids during their 500 million years of evolution. A better understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the transport and detoxification of toxic metalloids in plants will shed light on developing mitigation strategies. Key transporters and regulatory proteins responsive to toxic metalloids have been identified through evolutionary and molecular analyses. Moreover, knowledge of the regulatory proteins and their pathways can be used in the breeding of crops with lower accumulation of metalloids. These findings can also assist phytoremediation by the exploration of plants such as fern species that hyperaccumulate metalloids from soils and water, and can be used to engineer plants with elevated uptake and storage capacity of toxic metalloids. In summary, there are solutions to remediate contamination due to toxic metalloids by combining the research advances and industrial technologies with agricultural and environmental practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Deng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xue Feng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Adeel Riaz
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Feibo Wu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Paul Holford
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
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22
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Srivastava AK, Pandey M, Ghate T, Kumar V, Upadhyay MK, Majumdar A, Sanjukta AK, Agrawal AK, Bose S, Srivastava S, Suprasanna P. Chemical intervention for enhancing growth and reducing grain arsenic accumulation in rice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116719. [PMID: 33640652 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous environmental carcinogen that enters the human food chain mainly through rice grains. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of thiourea (TU; non-physiological reactive oxygen species scavenger) in mitigating the negative effects of arsenic (As) stress in indica rice variety IR64, with the overall aim to reduce grain As accumulation. At seedling stage, As + TU treatment induced the formation of more numerous and longer crown roots compared with As alone. The As accumulation in main root, crown root, lower leaf and upper leaf was significantly reduced to 0.1-, 0.14-, 0.16-, 0.14-fold, respectively in As + TU treated seedlings compared with those of As alone. This reduced As accumulation was also coincided with light-dependent suppression in the expression levels of aquaporins and photosynthesis-related genes in As + TU treated roots. In addition, the foliar-supplemented TU under As-stress maintained reducing redox conditions which decreased the rate of As accumulation in flag leaves and, eventually grain As by 0.53-fold compared with those of As treatment. The agronomic feasibility of TU was validated under naturally As contaminated sites of Nadia (West Bengal, India). The tiller numbers and crop productivity (kg seed/ha) of TU-sprayed plants were increased by 1.5- and 1.18-fold, respectively; while, grain As accumulation was reduced by 0.36-fold compared with those of water-sprayed control. Thus, this study established TU application as a sustainable solution for cultivating rice in As-contaminated field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Manish Pandey
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Tejashree Ghate
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Vikash Kumar
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Munish Kumar Upadhyay
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Arnab Majumdar
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Sanjukta
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Agrawal
- Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Sutapa Bose
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
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Chen X, Jiang W, Tong T, Chen G, Zeng F, Jang S, Gao W, Li Z, Mak M, Deng F, Chen ZH. Molecular Interaction and Evolution of Jasmonate Signaling With Transport and Detoxification of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:665842. [PMID: 33936156 PMCID: PMC8079949 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.665842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An increase in environmental pollution resulting from toxic heavy metals and metalloids [e.g., cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb)] causes serious health risks to humans and animals. Mitigation strategies need to be developed to reduce the accumulation of the toxic elements in plant-derived foods. Natural and genetically-engineered plants with hyper-tolerant and hyper-accumulating capacity of toxic minerals are valuable for phytoremediation. However, the molecular mechanisms of detoxification and accumulation in plants have only been demonstrated in very few plant species such as Arabidopsis and rice. Here, we review the physiological and molecular aspects of jasmonic acid and the jasmonate derivatives (JAs) in response to toxic heavy metals and metalloids. Jasmonates have been identified in, limiting the accumulation and enhancing the tolerance to the toxic elements, by coordinating the ion transport system, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the chelating capacity in plants. We also propose the potential involvement of Ca2+ signaling in the stress-induced production of jasmonates. Comparative transcriptomics analyses using the public datasets reveal the key gene families involved in the JA-responsive routes. Furthermore, we show that JAs may function as a fundamental phytohormone that protects plants from heavy metals and metalloids as demonstrated by the evolutionary conservation and diversity of these gene families in a large number of species of the major green plant lineages. Using ATP-Binding Cassette G (ABCG) transporter subfamily of six representative green plant species, we propose that JA transporters in Subgroup 4 of ABCGs may also have roles in heavy metal detoxification. Our paper may provide guidance toward the selection and development of suitable plant and crop species that are tolerant to toxic heavy metals and metalloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Tao Tong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Sunghoon Jang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Agriculture, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Michelle Mak
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Fenglin Deng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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24
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A molecular switch in sulfur metabolism to reduce arsenic and enrich selenium in rice grain. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1392. [PMID: 33654102 PMCID: PMC7925690 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice grains typically contain high levels of toxic arsenic but low levels of the essential micronutrient selenium. Anthropogenic arsenic contamination of paddy soils exacerbates arsenic toxicity in rice crops resulting in substantial yield losses. Here, we report the identification of the gain-of-function arsenite tolerant 1 (astol1) mutant of rice that benefits from enhanced sulfur and selenium assimilation, arsenic tolerance, and decreased arsenic accumulation in grains. The astol1 mutation promotes the physical interaction of the chloroplast-localized O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase protein with its interaction partner serine-acetyltransferase in the cysteine synthase complex. Activation of the serine-acetyltransferase in this complex promotes the uptake of sulfate and selenium and enhances the production of cysteine, glutathione, and phytochelatins, resulting in increased tolerance and decreased translocation of arsenic to grains. Our findings uncover the pivotal sensing-function of the cysteine synthase complex in plastids for optimizing stress resilience and grain quality by regulating a fundamental macronutrient assimilation pathway. Contamination of paddy soils can lead to toxic arsenic accumulation in rice grains and low levels of the micronutrient selenium. Here the authors show that a gain of function mutant affecting an O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase enhances sulfur and selenium assimilation while reducing arsenic accumulation in grains.
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Das P, Adak S, Lahiri Majumder A. Genetic Manipulation for Improved Nutritional Quality in Rice. Front Genet 2020; 11:776. [PMID: 32793287 PMCID: PMC7393646 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Food with higher nutritional value is always desired for human health. Rice is the prime staple food in more than thirty developing countries, providing at least 20% of dietary protein, 3% of dietary fat and other essential nutrients. Several factors influence the nutrient content of rice which includes agricultural practices, post-harvest processing, cultivar type as well as manipulations followed by selection through breeding and genetic means. In addition to mutation breeding, genetic engineering approach also contributed significantly for the generation of nutrition added varieties of rice in the last decade or so. In the present review, we summarize the research update on improving the nutritional characteristics of rice by using genetic engineering and mutation breeding approach. We also compare the conventional breeding techniques of rice with modern molecular breeding techniques toward the generation of nutritionally improved rice variety as compared to other cereals in areas of micronutrients and availability of essential nutrients such as folate and iron. In addition to biofortification, our focus will be on the efforts to generate low phytate in seeds, increase in essential fatty acids or addition of vitamins (as in golden rice) all leading to the achievements in rice nutrition science. The superiority of biotechnology over conventional breeding being already established, it is essential to ascertain that there are no serious negative agronomic consequences for consumers with any difference in grain size or color or texture, when a nutritionally improved variety of rice is generated through genetic engineering technology.
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26
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Huang S, Wang P, Yamaji N, Ma JF. Plant Nutrition for Human Nutrition: Hints from Rice Research and Future Perspectives. MOLECULAR PLANT 2020; 13:825-835. [PMID: 32434072 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Both plants and humans require mineral elements for their healthy growth and development. Mineral elements in the soil are taken up by the plant roots and transported to the edible parts for human consumption through various different transporters. An ideal future crop for human health should be rich in essential mineral elements but with less toxic elements in the edible parts. However, due to the great difference in the numbers and amounts of mineral elements required between plants and humans, it is a challenge to balance plant growth and nutrient requirement for humans. In this article, we mainly focus on the transport system of mineral elements from soil to grain in rice, a staple food for half of the world's population, and discuss recent progress on the underlying genetic and physiological mechanisms. Examples are given for silicon, zinc, and iron essential/beneficial for both plants and humans, selenium and iodine only essential for humans, and toxic cadmium and arsenic for all organisms. Manipulation of some transporters for these elements, especially those localized in the node for allocation of mineral elements to the grain, has been successful in generating rice with higher density and bioavailability of essential elements but with less accumulation of toxic elements. We provide our perspectives toward breeding future crops for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Huang
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Peitong Wang
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Chuo 2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
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27
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Liu A, Zhou Z, Yi Y, Chen G. Transcriptome analysis reveals the roles of stem nodes in cadmium transport to rice grain. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:127. [PMID: 32028884 PMCID: PMC7003353 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Node is the central organ of transferring nutrients and ions in plants. Cadmium (Cd) induced crop pollution threatens the food safety. Breeding of low Cd accumulation cultivar is a chance to resolve this universal problem. This study was performed to identify tissue specific genes involved in Cd accumulation in different rice stem nodes. Panicle node and the first node under panicle (node I) were sampled in two rice cultivars: Xiangwanxian No. 12 (low Cd accumulation cultivar) and Yuzhenxiang (high Cd accumulation cultivar). RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and microRNAs. RESULTS Xiangwanxian No. 12 had lower Cd concentration in panicle node, node I and grain compared with Yuzhenxiang, and node I had the highest Cd concentration in the two cultivars. RNA seq analysis identified 4535 DEGs and 70 miRNAs between the two cultivars. Most genesrelated to the "transporter activity", such as OsIRT1, OsNramp5, OsVIT2, OsNRT1.5A, and OsABCC1, play roles in blocking the upward transport of Cd. Among the genes related to "response to stimulus", we identified OsHSP70 and OsHSFA2d/B2c in Xiangwanxian No. 12, but not in Yuzhenxiang, were all down-regulated by Cd stimulus. The up-regulation of miRNAs (osa-miR528 and osa-miR408) in Xiangwanxian No. 12 played a potent role in lowering Cd accumulation via down regulating the expression of candidate genes, such as bZIP, ERF, MYB, SnRK1 and HSPs. CONCLUSIONS Both panicle node and node I of Xiangwanxian No. 12 played a key role in blocking the upward transportation of Cd, while node I played a critical role in Yuzhenxiang. Distinct expression patterns of various transporter genes such as OsNRT1.5A, OsNramp5, OsIRT1, OsVIT2 and OsABCC1 resulted in differential Cd accumulation in different nodes. Likewise, distinct expression patterns of these transporter genes are likely responsible for the low Cd accumulation in Xiangwanxian No. 12 cultivar. MiRNAs drove multiple transcription factors, such as OsbZIPs, OsERFs, OsMYBs, to play a role in Cd stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yake Yi
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128 People’s Republic of China
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops (CICGO), Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 People’s Republic of China
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28
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Sun D, Feng H, Li X, Ai H, Sun S, Chen Y, Xu G, Rathinasabapathi B, Cao Y, Ma LQ. Expression of New Pteris vittata Phosphate Transporter PvPht1;4 Reduces Arsenic Translocation from the Roots to Shoots in Tobacco Plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:1045-1053. [PMID: 31825207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata is efficient in As uptake, probably through phosphate transporters (Pht). Here, for the first time, we cloned a new PvPht1;4 gene from P. vittata and investigated its role in arsenate (AsV) uptake and transport in yeast and transgenic tobacco plants. On the basis of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), PvPht1;4 was abundantly expressed in P. vittata fronds and roots, with its transcripts in the roots being induced by both P deficiency and As exposure. PvPht1;4 was localized to the plasma membrane, which complemented a yeast-mutant defective in P uptake and showed higher P transport affinity than PvPht1;3. Under AsV exposure, PvPht1;4 yeast transformants showed comparable tolerance as PvPht1;3, but higher As accumulation than PvPht1;2 transformants, indicating that PvPht1;4 had considerable AsV and P transport activity. However, in soil and hydroponic experiments, PvPht1;4 expressing tobacco lines accumulated 26-44 and 37-55% lower As in the shoots than wild type plants, with lower root-to-shoot As translocation. In the roots of PvPht1;4 lines, higher glutathione (GSH) contents and expression levels of GSH synthetase gene NtGSH2 were observed. In addition, the transcripts of AsIII-GSH transporter NtABCC1 in PvPht1;4 lines were upregulated. The data suggested that PvPht1;4 lines probably detoxified As by reducing AsV to AsIII, which was then complexed with GSH and stored in the root vacuoles, thereby reducing As translocation in transgenic tobacco. Given its strong AsV transport capacity, expression of PvPht1;4 provides a new molecular approach to reduce As accumulation in plant shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sun
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Huayuan Feng
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Xinyuan Li
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Hao Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Yanshan Chen
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
- School of the Environment , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Bala Rathinasabapathi
- Horticultural Sciences Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Yue Cao
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Lab of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
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29
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Smirnova OG, Kochetov AV. Choice of the Promoter for Tissue and Developmental Stage-Specific Gene Expression. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2124:69-106. [PMID: 32277449 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0356-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic technologies belong to important tools of reverse genetics and biotechnology in plants. Targeted genetic modifications can reveal functions of genes of interest, change metabolic and regulatory pathways, or result in accumulation of valuable proteins or metabolites. However, to be efficient in targeted genetic modification, the chimeric gene construct should be designed properly. In particular, the promoters used to control transgene expression need to be carefully chosen. Most promoters in widely used vectors belong to strong and constitutively expressed variants. However, in many cases transgene expression has to be restricted to certain tissue, stage of development, or response to some internal or external stimuli. In turn, a large variety of tissue-specific promoters have been studied and information on their characteristics may be recovered from the literature. An appropriate promoter may be selected and used in genetic construct to optimize the transgene transcription pattern. We have previously designed the TGP database (TransGene Promoters, http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/dbases/tgp/home.html ) collecting information from the publications in this field. Here we review the wide range of noncanonical tissue-specific and developmentally regulated promoters that might be used for transgene expression control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Smirnova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Alex V Kochetov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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30
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Hu B, Deng F, Chen G, Chen X, Gao W, Long L, Xia J, Chen ZH. Evolution of Abscisic Acid Signaling for Stress Responses to Toxic Metals and Metalloids. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:909. [PMID: 32765540 PMCID: PMC7379394 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Toxic heavy metals and metalloids in agricultural ecosystems are crucial factors that limit global crop productivity and food safety. Industrial toxic heavy metals and metalloids such as cadmium, lead, and arsenic have contaminated large areas of arable land in the world and their accumulation in the edible parts of crops is causing serious health risks to humans and animals. Plants have co-evolved with various concentrations of these toxic metals and metalloids in soil and water. Some green plant species have significant innovations in key genes for the adaptation of abiotic stress tolerance pathways that are able to tolerate heavy metals and metalloids. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a vital role in the alleviation of heavy metal and metalloid stresses in plants. Here, we trace the evolutionary origins of the key gene families connecting ABA signaling with tolerance to heavy metals and metalloids in green plants. We also summarize the molecular and physiological aspects of ABA in the uptake, root-to-shoot translocation, chelation, sequestration, reutilization, and accumulation of key heavy metals and metalloids in plants. The molecular evolution and interaction between the ABA signaling pathway and mechanisms for heavy metal and metalloid tolerance are highlighted in this review. Therefore, we propose that it is promising to manipulate ABA signaling in plant tissues to reduce the uptake and accumulation of toxic heavy metals and metalloids in crops through the application of ABA-producing bacteria or ABA analogues. This may lead to improvements in tolerance of major crops to heavy metals and metalloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education/Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Fenglin Deng
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education/Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fenglin Deng, ; Zhong-Hua Chen,
| | - Guang Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education/Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education/Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jixing Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Fenglin Deng, ; Zhong-Hua Chen,
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31
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Clemens S. Safer food through plant science: reducing toxic element accumulation in crops. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5537-5557. [PMID: 31408148 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Natural processes and human activities have caused widespread background contamination with non-essential toxic elements. The uptake and accumulation of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb) by crop plants results in chronic dietary exposure and is associated with various health risks. Current human intake levels are close to what is provisionally regarded as safe. This has recently triggered legislative actions to introduce or lower limits for toxic elements in food. Arguably, the most effective way to reduce the risk of slow poisoning is the breeding of crops with much lower accumulation of contaminants. The past years have seen tremendous progress in elucidating molecular mechanisms of toxic element transport. This was achieved in the model systems Arabidopsis thaliana and, most importantly, rice, the major source of exposure to As and Cd for a large fraction of the global population. Many components of entry and sequestration pathways have been identified. This knowledge can now be applied to engineer crops with reduced toxic element accumulation especially in edible organs. Most obvious in the case of Cd, it appears likely that subtle genetic intervention has the potential to reduce human exposure to non-essential toxic elements almost immediately. This review outlines the risks and discusses our current state of knowledge with emphasis on transgenic and gene editing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Clemens
- Department of Plant Physiology, and Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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32
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Chen Y, Hua CY, Chen JX, Rathinasabapathi B, Cao Y, Ma LQ. Expressing Arsenite Antiporter PvACR3;1 in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Decreases Inorganic Arsenic Content in Rice Grains. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:10062-10069. [PMID: 31369709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a major food crop in the world, feeding half of the world's population. However, rice is efficient in taking up toxic metalloid arsenic (As), adversely impacting human health. Among different As species, inorganic As is more toxic than organic As. Thus, it is important to decrease inorganic As in rice to reduce human exposure from the food chain. The arsenite (AsIII) antiporter gene PvACR3;1 from As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata decreases shoot As accumulation when heterologously expressed in plants. In this study, three homozygous transgenic lines (L2, L4, and L7) of T3 generation were obtained after transforming PvACR3;1 into rice. At 5 μM of AsIII, PvACR3;1 transgenic rice accumulated 127%-205% higher As in the roots, with lower As translocation than wild type (WT) plants. In addition, at 20 μM of AsV, the transgenic rice showed similar results, indicating that expressing PvACR3;1 increased As retention in the roots from both AsIII and AsV. Furthermore, PvACR3;1 transgenic rice plants were grown in As-contaminated soils under flooded conditions. PvACR3;1 decreased As accumulations in transgenic rice shoots by 72%-83% without impacting nutrient minerals (Mn, Zn, and Cu). In addition, not only total As in unhusked rice grain of PvACR3;1 transgenic lines were decreased by 28%-39%, but also inorganic As was 26%-46% lower. Taken together, the results showed that expressing PvACR3;1 effectively decreased both total As and inorganic As in rice grain, which is of significance to breed low-As rice for food safety and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
- School of the Environment , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Chen-Yu Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Jun-Xiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Bala Rathinasabapathi
- Horticultural Sciences Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Yue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210023 , China
- Soil and Water Science Department , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
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33
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Liu J, Wolfe K, Cobb GP. Exposure to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Arsenic Causes Intergenerational Effects on Rice (Oryza sativa japonica Koshihikari) Seed Germination and Seedling Growth. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:1978-1987. [PMID: 31162729 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Offspring generation (F1) rice (Oryza sativa japonica Koshihikari) seed germination and seedling growth tests were conducted for 18 d to investigate intergenerational effects of arsenic (As) and copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO), with seeds harvested from a life cycle study exposed to As (0 and 10 mg/kg) and nCuO (0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 50, and 100 mg/L). Seed germination and seedling growth of F1 plants were influenced by treatments experienced by parent generation (F0) plants (p < 0.05). Seeds produced from plants in F0 treatment with nCuO 50 mg/L had the lowest germination percentage and shortest seedling shoot length and root length in F1 control (F1C) and As at 10 mg/kg (F1As) alone treatments (p < 0.05). The shoot length and root length were decreased, whereas the number of root branches was increased in F1As treatment compared with F1C (p < 0.001). Interaction of As and nCuO also caused differential seed germination and seedling growth at various nCuO concentrations in quasi-F0 treatment (seeds receiving the same exposure as F0 plants; p < 0.05). Copper and As uptake in F1C seedlings were not affected by seeds' F0 exposure; this indicated that the transgenerational effects on rice seedling growth were not dependent on total Cu or As uptake in seedlings. The enhanced effects on seedlings from quasi-F0 treatment were influenced by additional exposure to nCuO and As that also interacted to affect Cu and As uptake in seedlings. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1978-1987. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Kyle Wolfe
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - George P Cobb
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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34
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Liu J, Wolfe K, Potter PM, Cobb GP. Distribution and Speciation of Copper and Arsenic in Rice Plants ( Oryza sativa japonica 'Koshihikari') Treated with Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Arsenic during a Life Cycle. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:4988-4996. [PMID: 30921519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 6 × 2 factorial study was conducted to investigate the effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO, 0-100 mg/L), arsenic (As, 0-10 mg/kg), and their interaction on uptake, distribution, and speciation of Cu and As in rice plants ( Oryza sativa japonica 'Koshihikari'). Arsenic (in As-addition treatments) and Cu in seedling roots (SRs) were 1.45 and 1.58 times those in soil, respectively. Arsenic and Cu concentrations further increased in mature plant roots (MRs), which were 2.06 and 2.35 times those in soil, respectively. Arsenic and Cu concentrations in seedling shoots (SSs) were 79% and 54% lower than those in SRs, respectively. The mature stems, however, contained only 3% and 44% of As and Cu in SSs. Copper in flag leaves did not vary much compared to that in stems, whereas As was 14.5 times that in stems. Species transformations of Cu and As were observed in rice including reductions of Cu(II) to Cu(I) and As(V) to As(III). Arsenic in dehusked grains was negatively correlated with Cu and was lowered by nCuO below the WHO (World Health Organization) maximum safe concentration for white rice (200 ng/g). This may alleviate As adverse effects on humans from rice consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , One Bear Place #97266 , Waco , Texas 76798-7266 , United States
| | - Kyle Wolfe
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , One Bear Place #97266 , Waco , Texas 76798-7266 , United States
| | - Phillip M Potter
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831-0117 , United States
| | - George P Cobb
- Department of Environmental Science , Baylor University , One Bear Place #97266 , Waco , Texas 76798-7266 , United States
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Deng F, Yu M, Martinoia E, Song WY. Ideal Cereals With Lower Arsenic and Cadmium by Accurately Enhancing Vacuolar Sequestration Capacity. Front Genet 2019; 10:322. [PMID: 31024630 PMCID: PMC6467212 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereals are a staple food for many people around the world; however, they are also a major dietary source of toxic metal(loid)s. Many agricultural regions throughout the world are contaminated with toxic metal(loid)s, which can accumulate to high levels in the grains of cereals cultivated in these regions, posing serious health risks to consumers. Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are efficiently accumulated in cereals through metal transport pathways. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop crops that contain greatly reduced levels of toxic metal(loid)s. Vacuolar sequestration of toxic metal(loid)s is a primary strategy for reducing toxic metal(loid)s in grains. However, until recently, detailed strategies and mechanisms for reducing toxic metal(loid)s in grain were limited by the lack of experimental data. New strategies to reduce As and Cd in grain by enhancing vacuolar sequestration in specific tissues are critical to develop crops that lower the daily intake of As and Cd, potentially improving human health. This review provides insights and strategies for developing crops with strongly reduced amounts of toxic metal(loid)s without jeopardizing agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Deng
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Won-Yong Song
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Department of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
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Shri M, Singh PK, Kidwai M, Gautam N, Dubey S, Verma G, Chakrabarty D. Recent advances in arsenic metabolism in plants: current status, challenges and highlighted biotechnological intervention to reduce grain arsenic in rice. Metallomics 2019; 11:519-532. [PMID: 30672944 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00320c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As), classified as a “metalloid” element, is well known for its carcinogenicity and other toxic effects to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Shri
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad
- India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad
- India
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute
| | - Maria Kidwai
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute
- India
| | - Neelam Gautam
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad
- India
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute
| | - Sonali Dubey
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad
- India
| | - Giti Verma
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute
- India
| | - Debasis Chakrabarty
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad
- India
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute
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Kumari P, Rastogi A, Shukla A, Srivastava S, Yadav S. Prospects of genetic engineering utilizing potential genes for regulating arsenic accumulation in plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:397-406. [PMID: 30077936 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The rapid pace of industrial, agricultural and anthropogenic activities in the 20th century has resulted in contamination of heavy metals across the globe. Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous, naturally occurring toxic metalloid, contaminating the soil and water and affecting human health in several countries. Several physicochemical methods exist for the cleanup of As contamination but these are expensive and disastrous to microbes and soil. Plant based remediation approaches are low cost and environmentally safe. Hence, extensive biochemical, molecular and genetic experiments have been conducted to understand plants' responses to As stress and have led to the identification of potential genes. The available knowledge needs to be utilized to either reduce As accumulation in crop plants (rice) or to enhance As levels in shoots of hyperaccumulators (Pteris vittata). Gene manipulation using biotechnological tools can be an effective approach to exploit the potential genes (plasmamembrane and vacuolar transporters, glutathione and phytochelatin biosynthetic enzymes, etc.) playing pivotal roles in uptake, translocation, transformation, complexation, and compartmentalization of As in plants. The transgenic plants with increased tolerance to As and altered (increased/decreased) As accumulation have been developed. The need, however, exists to design plants with altered expression of two or more genes for harmonizing various events (like arsenate reduction, arsenite complexation, sequestration and translocation) so as to achieve desirable reduction (crop plants) or increase (phytoremediator plants) in As content. This review sheds light on transgenic approaches adopted to modulate As levels in plants and proposes future directions to achieve desirable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Kumari
- Department of Life Science, Singhania University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan 333515, India.
| | - Anshu Rastogi
- Department of Meteorology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Anurakti Shukla
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Saurabh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal (Central) University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174, India.
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