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Wang J, Luo Q, Liang X, Liu H, Wu C, Fang H, Zhang X, Ding S, Yu J, Shi K. Glucose-G protein signaling plays a crucial role in tomato resilience to high temperature and elevated CO2. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1025-1037. [PMID: 38447060 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change is accompanied by carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment and high temperature (HT) stress; however, how plants adapt to the combined environments and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. In this study, we show that elevated CO2 alleviated plant sensitivity to HT stress, with significantly increased apoplastic glucose (Glc) levels in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves. Exogenous Glc treatment enhanced tomato resilience to HT stress under ambient CO2 conditions. Cell-based biolayer interferometry, subcellular localization, and Split-luciferase assays revealed that Glc bound to the tomato regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1) and induced RGS1 endocytosis and thereby RGS1-G protein α subunit (GPA1) dissociation in a concentration-dependent manner. Using rgs1 and gpa1 mutants, we found that RGS1 negatively regulated thermotolerance and was required for elevated CO2-Glc-induced thermotolerance. GPA1 positively regulated the elevated CO2-Glc-induced thermotolerance. A combined transcriptome and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter analysis further revealed that GPA1 integrated photosynthesis- and photoprotection-related mechanisms to regulate thermotolerance. These results demonstrate that Glc-RGS1-GPA1 signaling plays a crucial role in the elevated CO2-induced thermotolerance in tomato. This information enhances our understanding of the Glc-G protein signaling function in stress resilience in response to global climate change and will be helpful for genetic engineering approaches to improve plant resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changqi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hanmo Fang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuanbo Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuting Ding
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
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Ferrero-Serrano Á, Chakravorty D, Kirven KJ, Assmann SM. Oryza CLIMtools: A genome-environment association resource reveals adaptive roles for heterotrimeric G proteins in the regulation of rice agronomic traits. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100813. [PMID: 38213027 PMCID: PMC11009157 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Modern crop varieties display a degree of mismatch between their current distributions and the suitability of the local climate for their productivity. To address this issue, we present Oryza CLIMtools (https://gramene.org/CLIMtools/oryza_v1.0/), the first resource for pan-genome prediction of climate-associated genetic variants in a crop species. Oryza CLIMtools consists of interactive web-based databases that enable the user to (1) explore the local environments of traditional rice varieties (landraces) in South-East Asia and (2) investigate the environment by genome associations for 658 Indica and 283 Japonica rice landrace accessions collected from georeferenced local environments and included in the 3K Rice Genomes Project. We demonstrate the value of these resources by identifying an interplay between flowering time and temperature in the local environment that is facilitated by adaptive natural variation in OsHD2 and disrupted by a natural variant in OsSOC1. Prior quantitative trait locus analysis has suggested the importance of heterotrimeric G proteins in the control of agronomic traits. Accordingly, we analyzed the climate associations of natural variants in the different heterotrimeric G protein subunits. We identified a coordinated role of G proteins in adaptation to the prevailing potential evapotranspiration gradient and revealed their regulation of key agronomic traits, including plant height and seed and panicle length. We conclude by highlighting the prospect of targeting heterotrimeric G proteins to produce climate-resilient crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Ferrero-Serrano
- Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - David Chakravorty
- Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Kobie J Kirven
- Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Bioinformatics and Genomics, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Yang X, Lu J, Shi WJ, Chen YH, Yu JW, Chen SH, Zhao DS, Huang LC, Fan XL, Zhang CQ, Zhang L, Liu QQ, Li QF. RGA1 regulates grain size, rice quality and seed germination in the small and round grain mutant srg5. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:167. [PMID: 38438916 PMCID: PMC10910726 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generating elite rice varieties with high yield and superior quality is the main goal of rice breeding programs. Key agronomic traits, including grain size and seed germination characteristics, affect the final yield and quality of rice. The RGA1 gene, which encodes the α-subunit of rice G-protein, plays an important role in regulating rice architecture, seed size and abiotic stress responses. However, whether RGA1 is involved in the regulation of rice quality and seed germination traits is still unclear. RESULTS In this study, a rice mutant small and round grain 5 (srg5), was identified in an EMS-induced rice mutant library. Systematic analysis of its major agronomic traits revealed that the srg5 mutant exhibited a semi-dwarf plant height with small and round grain and reduced panicle length. Analysis of the physicochemical properties of rice showed that the difference in rice eating and cooking quality (ECQ) between the srg5 mutant and its wild-type control was small, but the appearance quality was significantly improved. Interestingly, a significant suppression of rice seed germination and shoot growth was observed in the srg5 mutant, which was mainly related to the regulation of ABA metabolism. RGA1 was identified as the candidate gene for the srg5 mutant by BSA analysis. A SNP at the splice site of the first intron disrupted the normal splicing of the RGA1 transcript precursor, resulting in a premature stop codon. Additional linkage analysis confirmed that the target gene causing the srg5 mutant phenotype was RGA1. Finally, the introduction of the RGA1 mutant allele into two indica rice varieties also resulted in small and round rice grains with less chalkiness. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that RGA1 is not only involved in the control of rice architecture and grain size, but also in the regulation of rice quality and seed germination. This study sheds new light on the biological functions of RGA1, thereby providing valuable information for future systematic analysis of the G-protein pathway and its potential application in rice breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wu-Jian Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Hao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Wen Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sai-Hua Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Chun Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiao-Quan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qian-Feng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/ Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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Ferrero-Serrano Á, Chakravorty D, Kirven KJ, Assmann SM. Oryza CLIMtools: A Genome-Environment Association Resource Reveals Adaptive Roles for Heterotrimeric G Proteins in the Regulation of Rice Agronomic Traits. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.10.540241. [PMID: 37214799 PMCID: PMC10197702 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.10.540241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Modern crop varieties display a degree of mismatch between their current distributions and the suitability of the local climate for their productivity. To this end, we present Oryza CLIMtools (https://gramene.org/CLIMtools/oryza_v1.0/), the first resource for pan-genome prediction of climate-associated genetic variants in a crop species. Oryza CLIMtools consists of interactive web-based databases that allow the user to: i) explore the local environments of traditional rice varieties (landraces) in South-Eastern Asia, and; ii) investigate the environment by genome associations for 658 Indica and 283 Japonica rice landrace accessions collected from georeferenced local environments and included in the 3K Rice Genomes Project. We exemplify the value of these resources, identifying an interplay between flowering time and temperature in the local environment that is facilitated by adaptive natural variation in OsHD2 and disrupted by a natural variant in OsSOC1. Prior QTL analysis has suggested the importance of heterotrimeric G proteins in the control of agronomic traits. Accordingly, we analyzed the climate associations of natural variants in the different heterotrimeric G protein subunits. We identified a coordinated role of G proteins in adaptation to the prevailing Potential Evapotranspiration gradient and their regulation of key agronomic traits including plant height and seed and panicle length. We conclude by highlighting the prospect of targeting heterotrimeric G proteins to produce crops that are climate resilient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Ferrero-Serrano
- Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - David Chakravorty
- Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kobie J. Kirven
- Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Bioinformatics and Genomics, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Sarah M. Assmann
- Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
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5
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Prasanna JA, Mandal VK, Kumar D, Chakraborty N, Raghuram N. Nitrate-responsive transcriptome analysis of rice RGA1 mutant reveals the role of G-protein alpha subunit in negative regulation of nitrogen-sensitivity and use efficiency. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1987-2010. [PMID: 37874341 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Nitrate-responsive transcriptomic, phenotypic and physiological analyses of rice RGA1 mutant revealed many novel RGA1-regulated genes/processes/traits related to nitrogen use efficiency, and provided robust genetic evidence of RGA1-regulation of NUE. Nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) is important for sustainable agriculture. G-protein signalling was implicated in N-response/NUE in rice, but needed firm genetic characterization of the role of alpha subunit (RGA1). The knock-out mutant of RGA1 in japonica rice exhibited lesser nitrate-dose sensitivity than the wild type (WT), in yield and NUE. We, therefore, investigated its genomewide nitrate-response relative to WT. It revealed 3416 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 719 associated with development, grain yield and phenotypic traits for NUE. The upregulated DEGs were related to photosynthesis, chlorophyll, tetrapyrrole and porphyrin biosynthesis, while the downregulated DEGs belonged to cellular protein metabolism and transport, small GTPase signalling, cell redox homeostasis, etc. We validated 26 nitrate-responsive DEGs across functional categories by RT-qPCR. Physiological validation of nitrate-response in the mutant and the WT at 1.5 and 15 mM doses revealed higher chlorophyll and stomatal length but decreased stomatal density, conductance and transpiration. The consequent increase in photosynthesis and water use efficiency may have contributed to better yield and NUE in the mutant, whereas the WT was N-dose sensitive. The mutant was not as N-dose-responsive as the WT in shoot/root growth, productive tillers and heading date, but equally responsive as WT in total N and protein content. The RGA1 mutant was less impacted by higher N-dose or salt stress in terms of yield, protein content, photosynthetic performance, relative water content, water use efficiency and catalase activity. PPI network analyses revealed known NUE-related proteins as RGA1 interactors. Therefore, RGA1 negatively regulates N-dose sensitivity and NUE in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangam Annie Prasanna
- Centre for Sustainable Nitrogen and Nutrient Management, School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Mandal
- Centre for Sustainable Nitrogen and Nutrient Management, School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
- Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society, 10B/7, Madan Mohan Malviya Marg, Lucknow, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Navjyoti Chakraborty
- Centre for Sustainable Nitrogen and Nutrient Management, School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India.
| | - Nandula Raghuram
- Centre for Sustainable Nitrogen and Nutrient Management, School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India.
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Cantos CF, dePamphilis CW, Assmann SM. Extra-large G proteins have extra-large effects on agronomic traits and stress tolerance in maize and rice. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:1033-1044. [PMID: 37156701 PMCID: PMC10524845 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G proteins - comprising Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits - are ubiquitous elements in eukaryotic cell signaling. Plant genomes contain both canonical Gα subunit genes and a family of plant-specific extra-large G protein genes (XLGs) that encode proteins consisting of a domain with Gα-like features downstream of a long N-terminal domain. In this review we summarize phenotypes modulated by the canonical Gα and XLG proteins of arabidopsis and highlight recent studies in maize and rice that reveal dramatic phenotypic consequences of XLG clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) mutagenesis in these important crop species. XLGs have both redundant and specific roles in the control of agronomically relevant plant architecture and resistance to both abiotic and biotic stresses. We also point out areas of current controversy, suggest future research directions, and propose a revised, phylogenetically-based nomenclature for XLG protein genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F Cantos
- Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA; Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA
| | - Claude W dePamphilis
- Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA; Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA; Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA.
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Feng B, Xu Y, Fu W, Li H, Li G, Li J, Wang W, Tao L, Chen T, Fu G. RGA1 Negatively Regulates Thermo-tolerance by Affecting Carbohydrate Metabolism and the Energy Supply in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 16:32. [PMID: 37495715 PMCID: PMC10371973 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-023-00649-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal transduction mediated by heterotrimeric G proteins, which comprise the α, β, and γ subunits, is one of the most important signaling pathways in rice plants. RGA1, which encodes the Gα subunit of the G protein, plays an important role in the response to various types of abiotic stress, including salt, drought, and cold stress. However, the role of RGA1 in the response to heat stress remains unclear. RESULTS The heat-resistant mutant ett1 (enhanced thermo-tolerance 1) with a new allele of the RGA1 gene was derived from an ethane methyl sulfonate-induced Zhonghua11 mutant. After 45 °C heat stress treatment for 36 h and recovery for 7 d, the survival rate of the ett1 mutants was significantly higher than that of wild-type (WT) plants. The malondialdehyde content was lower, and the maximum fluorescence quantum yield of photosystem II, peroxidase activity, and hsp expression were higher in ett1 mutants than in WT plants after 12 h of exposure to 45 °C. The RNA-sequencing results revealed that the expression of genes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and energy was up-regulated in ett1 under heat stress. The carbohydrate content and the relative expression of genes involved in sucrose metabolism indicated that carbohydrate metabolism was accelerated in ett1 under heat stress. Energy parameters, including the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and the energy charge, were significantly higher in the ett1 mutants than in WT plants under heat stress. Importantly, exogenous glucose can alleviate the damages on rice seedling plants caused by heat stress. CONCLUSION RGA1 negatively regulates the thermo-tolerance in rice seedling plants through affecting carbohydrate and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yongqiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Weimeng Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Hubo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Gengmi Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, China
| | - Juncai Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- China National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Wenting Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Longxing Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Guanfu Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
- China National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
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8
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Ma S, Zhong Y, Zheng S, He Y, Yang S, Wang L, Traw MB, Zhang Q, Zhang X. Rapid Identification by Resequencing-Based QTL Mapping of a Novel Allele RGA1-FH Decreasing Grain Length in a Rice Restorer Line 'Fuhui212'. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10746. [PMID: 37445924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Grain size is one of the most frequently selected traits during domestication and modern breeding. The continued discovery and characterization of new genes and alleles in controlling grain size are important in safeguarding the food supply for the world's growing population. Previously, a small grain size was observed in a rice restorer line 'Fuhui212', while the underlying genetic factors controlling this trait were unknown. In this study, by combining QTL mapping, variant effect prediction, and complementation experiments, we recovered a novel allele RGA1-FH that explains most of the phenotypic changes. The RGA1-FH allele contains an A-to-T splicing site variant that disrupts the normal function of RGA1. While population analysis suggests extremely strong artificial selection in maintaining a functional allele of RGA1, our study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to prove that a dysfunctional RGA1 allele can also be beneficial in real agricultural production. Future breeding programs would benefit from paying more attention to the rational utilization of those overlooked 'unfavored' alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yifan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuyi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying He
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sihai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Milton Brian Traw
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qijun Zhang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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9
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Li H, Feng B, Li J, Fu W, Wang W, Chen T, Liu L, Wu Z, Peng S, Tao L, Fu G. RGA1 alleviates low-light-repressed pollen tube elongation by improving the metabolism and allocation of sugars and energy. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1363-1383. [PMID: 36658612 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Low-light stress compromises photosynthetic and energy efficiency and leads to spikelet sterility; however, the effect of low-light stress on pollen tube elongation in the pistil remains poorly understood. The gene RGA1, which encodes a Gα-subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein, enhanced low-light tolerance at anthesis by preventing the cessation of pollen tube elongation in the pistil of rice plants. In this process, marked increases in the activities of acid invertase (INV), sucrose synthase (SUS) and mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain complexes, as well as the relative expression levels of SUTs (sucrose transporter), SWEETs (sugars will eventually be exported transporters), SUSs, INVs, CINs (cell-wall INV 1), SnRK1A (sucrose-nonfermenting 1-related kinase 1) and SnRK1B, were observed in OE-1 plants. Accordingly, notable increases in contents of ATP and ATPase were presented in OE-1 plants under low-light conditions, while they were decreased in d1 plants. Importantly, INV and ATPase activators (sucrose and Na2 SO3 , respectively) increased spikelet fertility by improving the energy status in the pistil under low-light conditions, and the ATPase inhibitor Na2 VO4 induced spikelet sterility and decreased ATPase activity. These results suggest that RGA1 could alleviate the low-light stress-induced impairment of pollen tube elongation to increase spikelet fertility by promoting sucrose unloading in the pistil and improving the metabolism and allocation of energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Crop Production and Physiology Center (CPPC), College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Baohua Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juncai Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Agronomy College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Weimeng Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianmeng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihai Wu
- Agronomy College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaobing Peng
- Crop Production and Physiology Center (CPPC), College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Longxing Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanfu Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Agronomy College, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Wu TY, Krishnamoorthi S, Boonyaves K, Al-Darabsah I, Leong R, Jones AM, Ishizaki K, Liao KL, Urano D. G protein controls stress readiness by modulating transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana and Marchantia polymorpha. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1889-1907. [PMID: 36321200 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The core G protein signaling module, which consists of Gα and extra-large Gα (XLG) subunits coupled with the Gβγ dimer, is a master regulator of various stress responses. In this study, we compared the basal and salt stress-induced transcriptomic, metabolomic and phenotypic profiles in Gα, Gβ, and XLG-null mutants of two plant species, Arabidopsis thaliana and Marchantia polymorpha, and showed that G protein mediates the shift of transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis to stress readiness status. We demonstrated that such stress readiness serves as an intrinsic protection mechanism against further stressors through enhancing the phenylpropanoid pathway and abscisic acid responses. Furthermore, WRKY transcription factors were identified as key intermediates of G protein-mediated homeostatic shifts. Statistical and mathematical model comparisons between A. thaliana and M. polymorpha revealed evolutionary conservation of transcriptional and metabolic networks over land plant evolution, whereas divergence has occurred in the function of plant-specific atypical XLG subunit. Taken together, our results indicate that the shifts in transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis at least partially act as the mechanisms of G protein-coupled stress responses that are conserved between two distantly related plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ying Wu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | - Kulaporn Boonyaves
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Isam Al-Darabsah
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Richalynn Leong
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Alan M Jones
- Departments of Biology and Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kimitsune Ishizaki
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kang-Ling Liao
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Daisuke Urano
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore; Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore.
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11
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Zhao C, Yang L, Tang M, Liu L, Huang J, Tong C, Xiang Y, Liu S, Cheng X, Xie M. Genome-wide association study reveals a GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3 gene regulating plant height in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1061196. [PMID: 36407634 PMCID: PMC9666772 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1061196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is an allotetraploid crop that is the main source of edible oils and feed proteins in the world. The ideal plant architecture breeding is a major objective of rapeseed breeding and determining the appropriate plant height is a key element of the ideal plant architecture. Therefore, this study aims to improve the understanding of the genetic controls underlying plant height. The plant heights of 230 rapeseed accessions collected worldwide were investigated in field experiments over two consecutive years in Wuhan, China. Whole-genome resequencing of these accessions yielded a total of 1,707,194 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were used for genome-wide association analysis (GWAS). GWAS and haplotype analysis showed that BnaA01g09530D, which encodes BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2 and belongs to the GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3 (GSK3) family, was significantly associated with plant height in B. napus. Moreover, a total of 31 BnGSK3s with complete domains were identified from B. napus genome and clustered into four groups according to phylogenetic analysis, gene structure, and motif distribution. The expression patterns showed that BnGSK3s exhibited significant differences in 13 developmental tissues in B. napus, suggesting that BnGSK3s may be involved in tissue-specific development. Sixteen BnGSK3 genes were highly expressed the in shoot apical meristem, which may be related to plant height or architecture development. These results are important for providing new haplotypes of plant height in B. napus and for extending valuable genetic information for rapeseed genetic improvement of plant architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanji Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Minqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Ministry of Education), School of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lijiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chaobo Tong
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shengyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaohui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meili Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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12
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Wang Y, Botella JR. Heterotrimeric G Protein Signaling in Abiotic Stress. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070876. [PMID: 35406855 PMCID: PMC9002505 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants exhibit extraordinary plasticity and have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to adapt and mitigate the adverse effects of environmental fluctuations. Heterotrimeric G proteins (G proteins), composed of α, β, and γ subunits, are universal signaling molecules mediating the response to a myriad of internal and external signals. Numerous studies have identified G proteins as essential components of the organismal response to stress, leading to adaptation and ultimately survival in plants and animal systems. In plants, G proteins control multiple signaling pathways regulating the response to drought, salt, cold, and heat stresses. G proteins signal through two functional modules, the Gα subunit and the Gβγ dimer, each of which can start either independent or interdependent signaling pathways. Improving the understanding of the role of G proteins in stress reactions can lead to the development of more resilient crops through traditional breeding or biotechnological methods, ensuring global food security. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge on the roles of the different G protein subunits in response to abiotic stress and suggest future directions for research.
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13
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Tiwari R, Bisht NC. The multifaceted roles of heterotrimeric G-proteins: lessons from models and crops. PLANTA 2022; 255:88. [PMID: 35304667 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The review summarizes our advanced understanding of the heterotrimeric G-protein research from model plants and their emerging roles in modulating various plant architecture and agronomical traits in crop species. Heterotrimeric G-proteins (hereafter G-proteins), consisting of G-alpha (Gα), G-beta (Gβ) and G-gamma (Gγ) subunits, are key signal transducers conserved across different forms of life. The discovery of plant lineage-specific G-protein components (extra-large G-proteins and type-C Gγ subunits), inherent polyploidy in angiosperms, and unique modes of G-protein cycle regulation in plants pointed out to a few fundamental differences of plant G-protein signaling from its animal counterpart. Over the last 2 decades, extensive studies in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have confirmed the involvement of G-proteins in a wide range of plant growth and development, and stress adaptation processes. The G-protein research in crop species, however, is still in its infancy, and a handful of studies suggest important roles of G-proteins in regulating plant architectural and key agronomical traits including plant's response to abiotic and biotic factors. We propose that the advancement made in plant G-proteins research will facilitate the development of novel approaches to manage plant yield and fitness in changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Tiwari
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Naveen C Bisht
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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14
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Wang Y, Sun J, Deng C, Teng S, Chen G, Chen Z, Cui X, Brutnell TP, Han X, Zhang Z, Lu T. Plasma membrane-localized SEM1 protein mediates sugar movement to sink rice tissues. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:523-540. [PMID: 34750914 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The translocation of photosynthate carbohydrates, such as sucrose, is critical for plant growth and crop yield. Previous studies have revealed that sugar transporters, plasmodesmata and sieve plates act as important controllers in sucrose loading into and unloading from phloem in the vascular system. However, other pivotal steps for the regulation of sucrose movement remain largely elusive. In this study, characterization of two starch excesses in mesophyll (sem) mutants and dye and sucrose export assays were performed to provide insights into the regulatory networks that drive source-sink relations in rice. Map-based cloning identified two allelic mutations in a gene encoding a GLUCAN SYNTHASE-LIKE (GSL) protein, thus indicating a role for SEM1 in callose biosynthesis. Subcellular localization in rice showed that SEM1 localized to the plasma membrane. In situ expression analysis and GUS staining showed that SEM1 was mainly expressed in vascular phloem cells. Reduced sucrose transport was found in the sem1-1/1-2 mutant, which led to excessive starch accumulation in source leaves and inhibited photosynthesis. Paraffin section and transmission electron microscopy experiments revealed that less-developed vascular cells (VCs) in sem1-1/1-2 potentially disturbed sugar movement. Moreover, dye and sugar trafficking experiments revealed that aberrant VC development was the main reason for the pleiotropic phenotype of sem1-1/1-2. In total, efficient sucrose loading into the phloem benefits from an optional number of VCs with a large vacuole that could act as a buffer holding tank for sucrose passing from the vascular bundle sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Wang
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Chen Deng
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Shouzhen Teng
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Guoxin Chen
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xuean Cui
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Thomas P Brutnell
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Tiegang Lu
- Joint CAAS/IRRI Laboratory for Photosynthetic Enhancement, Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Genetic Resources and Gene Improvement, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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15
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Zait Y, Ferrero‐Serrano Á, Assmann SM. The α subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein regulates mesophyll CO 2 conductance and drought tolerance in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:2324-2338. [PMID: 34515342 PMCID: PMC9293471 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mesophyll conductance gm determines CO2 diffusion rates from mesophyll intercellular air spaces to the chloroplasts and is an important factor limiting photosynthesis. Increasing gm in cultivated plants is a potential strategy to increase photosynthesis and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi ). The anatomy of the leaf and metabolic factors such as aquaporins and carbonic anhydrases have been identified as important determinants of gm . However, genes involved in the regulation and modulation of gm remain largely unknown. In this work, we investigated the role of heterotrimeric G proteins in gm and drought tolerance in rice d1 mutants, which harbor a null mutation in the Gα subunit gene, RGA1. d1 mutants in both cv Nipponbare and cv Taichung 65 exhibited increased gm , fostering improvement in photosynthesis, WUEi , and drought tolerance compared with wild-type. The increased surface area of mesophyll cells and chloroplasts exposed to intercellular airspaces and the reduced cell wall and chloroplast thickness in the d1 mutant are evident contributors to the increase in gm . Our results indicate that manipulation of heterotrimeric G protein signaling has the potential to improve crop WUEi and productivity under drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotam Zait
- Biology DepartmentPenn State University208 Mueller LaboratoryUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Ángel Ferrero‐Serrano
- Biology DepartmentPenn State University208 Mueller LaboratoryUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Sarah M. Assmann
- Biology DepartmentPenn State University208 Mueller LaboratoryUniversity ParkPA16802USA
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16
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Wang K, Xu F, Yuan W, Zhang D, Liu J, Sun L, Cui L, Zhang J, Xu W. Rice G protein γ subunit qPE9-1 modulates root elongation for phosphorus uptake by involving 14-3-3 protein OsGF14b and plasma membrane H + -ATPase. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1603-1615. [PMID: 34216063 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G protein is involved in plant growth and development, while the role of rice (Oryza sativa) G protein γ subunit qPE9-1 in response to low-phosphorus (LP) conditions remains unclear. The gene expression of qPE9-1 was significantly induced in rice roots under LP conditions. Rice varieties carrying the qPE9-1 allele showed a stronger primary root response to LP than the varieties carrying the qpe9-1 allele (mutant of the qPE9-1 allele). Transgenic rice plants with the qPE9-1 allele had longer primary roots and higher P concentrations than those with the qpe9-1 allele under LP conditions. The plasma membrane (PM) H+ -ATPase was important for the qPE9-1-mediated response to LP. Furthermore, OsGF14b, a 14-3-3 protein that acts as a key component in activating PM H+ -ATPase for root elongation, is also involved in the qPE9-1 mediation. Moreover, the overexpression of OsGF14b in WYJ8 (carrying the qpe9-1 allele) partially increased primary root length under LP conditions. Experiments using R18 peptide (a 14-3-3 protein inhibitor) showed that qPE9-1 is important for primary root elongation and H+ efflux under LP conditions by involving the 14-3-3 protein. In addition, rhizosheath weight, total P content, and the rhizosheath soil Olsen-P concentration of qPE9-1 lines were higher than those of qpe9-1 lines under soil drying and LP conditions. These results suggest that the G protein γ subunit qPE9-1 in rice plants modulates root elongation for phosphorus uptake by involving the 14-3-3 protein OsGF14b and PM H+ -ATPase, which is required for rice P use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Feiyun Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dongping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Leyun Sun
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liyou Cui
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crops and College of Life Sciences, Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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17
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Zhang H, Xie P, Xu X, Xie Q, Yu F. Heterotrimeric G protein signalling in plant biotic and abiotic stress response. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23 Suppl 1:20-30. [PMID: 33533569 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G proteins act as molecular switches to participate in transmitting various stimuli signals from outside of cells. G proteins have three subunits, Gα, Gβ and Gγ, which function mutually to modulate many biological processes in plants, including plant growth and development, as well as biotic and abiotic stress responses. In plants, the number of Gγ subunits is larger than that of the α and β subunits. Based on recent breakthroughs in studies of plant G protein signal perception, transduction and downstream effectors, this review summarizes and analyses the connections between different subunits and the interactions of G proteins with other signalling pathways, especially in plant biotic and abiotic stress responses. Based on current progress and unresolved questions in the field, we also suggest future research directions on G proteins in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - P Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Xu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Breeding Base of State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of North Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Q Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - F Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Pathak RR, Mandal VK, Jangam AP, Sharma N, Madan B, Jaiswal DK, Raghuram N. Heterotrimeric G-protein α subunit (RGA1) regulates tiller development, yield, cell wall, nitrogen response and biotic stress in rice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2323. [PMID: 33504880 PMCID: PMC7840666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81824-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
G-proteins are implicated in plant productivity, but their genome-wide roles in regulating agronomically important traits remain uncharacterized. Transcriptomic analyses of rice G-protein alpha subunit mutant (rga1) revealed 2270 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including those involved in C/N and lipid metabolism, cell wall, hormones and stress. Many DEGs were associated with root, leaf, culm, inflorescence, panicle, grain yield and heading date. The mutant performed better in total weight of filled grains, ratio of filled to unfilled grains and tillers per plant. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis using experimentally validated interactors revealed many RGA1-responsive genes involved in tiller development. qPCR validated the differential expression of genes involved in strigolactone-mediated tiller formation and grain development. Further, the mutant growth and biomass were unaffected by submergence indicating its role in submergence response. Transcription factor network analysis revealed the importance of RGA1 in nitrogen signaling with DEGs such as Nin-like, WRKY, NAC, bHLH families, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, OsCIPK23 and urea transporter. Sub-clustering of DEGs-associated PPI network revealed that RGA1 regulates metabolism, stress and gene regulation among others. Predicted rice G-protein networks mapped DEGs and revealed potential effectors. Thus, this study expands the roles of RGA1 to agronomically important traits and reveals their underlying processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Ramesh Pathak
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Mandal
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Annie Prasanna Jangam
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Narendra Sharma
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Bhumika Madan
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Jaiswal
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India.
| | - Nandula Raghuram
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India.
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19
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Hong WJ, Jiang X, Ahn HR, Choi J, Kim SR, Jung KH. Systematic Analysis of Cold Stress Response and Diurnal Rhythm Using Transcriptome Data in Rice Reveals the Molecular Networks Related to Various Biological Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6872. [PMID: 32961678 PMCID: PMC7554834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), a staple crop plant that is a major source of calories for approximately 50% of the human population, exhibits various physiological responses against temperature stress. These responses are known mechanisms of flexible adaptation through crosstalk with the intrinsic circadian clock. However, the molecular regulatory network underlining this crosstalk remains poorly understood. Therefore, we performed systematic transcriptome data analyses to identify the genes involved in both cold stress responses and diurnal rhythmic patterns. Here, we first identified cold-regulated genes and then identified diurnal rhythmic genes from those (119 cold-upregulated and 346 cold-downregulated genes). We defined cold-responsive diurnal rhythmic genes as CD genes. We further analyzed the functional features of these CD genes through Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses and performed a literature search to identify functionally characterized CD genes. Subsequently, we found that light-harvesting complex proteins involved in photosynthesis strongly associate with the crosstalk. Furthermore, we constructed a protein-protein interaction network encompassing four hub genes and analyzed the roles of the Stay-Green (SGR) gene in regulating crosstalk with sgr mutants. We predict that these findings will provide new insights in understanding the environmental stress response of crop plants against climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jong Hong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (W.-J.H.); (X.J.); (H.R.A.)
| | - Xu Jiang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (W.-J.H.); (X.J.); (H.R.A.)
| | - Hye Ryun Ahn
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (W.-J.H.); (X.J.); (H.R.A.)
| | - Juyoung Choi
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
| | - Seong-Ryong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea; (W.-J.H.); (X.J.); (H.R.A.)
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20
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Cui Y, Jiang N, Xu Z, Xu Q. Heterotrimeric G protein are involved in the regulation of multiple agronomic traits and stress tolerance in rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:90. [PMID: 32111163 PMCID: PMC7048073 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heterotrimeric G protein complex, consisting of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, are conserved signal transduction mechanism in eukaryotes. Recent molecular researches had demonstrated that G protein signaling participates in the regulation of yield related traits. However, the effects of G protein genes on yield components and stress tolerance are not well characterized. RESULTS In this study, we generated heterotrimeric G protein mutants in rice using CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) gene-editing technology. The effects of heterotrimeric G proteins on the regulation of yield components and stress tolerance were investigated. The mutants of gs3 and dep1 generated preferable agronomic traits compared to the wild-type, whereas the mutants of rga1 showed an extreme dwarf phenotype, which led to a dramatic decrease in grain production. The mutants showed improved stress tolerance, especially under salinity treatment. We found four putative extra-large G proteins (PXLG)1-4 that also participate in the regulation of yield components and stress tolerance. A yeast two hybrid showed that the RGB1 might interact with PXLG2 but not with PXLG1, PXLG3 or PXLG4. CONCLUSION These findings will not only improve our understanding of the repertoire of heterotrimeric G proteins in rice but also contribute to the application of heterotrimeric G proteins in rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cui
- Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866 China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Shenyang Research and Development Service Center of Modern Agriculture, Shenyang, 110866 China
| | - Zhengjin Xu
- Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866 China
| | - Quan Xu
- Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866 China
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Ferrero-Serrano Á, Cantos C, Assmann SM. The Role of Dwarfing Traits in Historical and Modern Agriculture with a Focus on Rice. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:a034645. [PMID: 31358515 PMCID: PMC6824242 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a034645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Semidwarf stature is a valuable agronomic trait in grain crops that reduces lodging and increases harvest index. A fundamental advance during the 1960s Green Revolution was the introduction of semidwarf cultivars of rice and wheat. Essentially, all semidwarf varieties of rice under cultivation today owe their diminished stature to a specific null mutation in the gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis gene, SD1 However, it is now well-established that, in addition to GAs, brassinosteroids and strigolactones also control plant height. In this review, we describe the synthesis and signaling pathways of these three hormones as understood in rice and discuss the mutants and transgenics in these pathways that confer semidwarfism and other valuable architectural traits. We propose that such genes offer underexploited opportunities for broadening the genetic basis and germplasm in semidwarf rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Cantos
- Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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Swain DM, Sahoo RK, Chandan RK, Ghosh S, Kumar R, Jha G, Tuteja N. Concurrent overexpression of rice G-protein β and γ subunits provide enhanced tolerance to sheath blight disease and abiotic stress in rice. PLANTA 2019; 250:1505-1520. [PMID: 31332521 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03241-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Our study demonstrates that simultaneous overexpression of RGB1 and RGG1 genes provides multiple stress tolerance in rice by inducing stress responsive genes and better management of ROS scavenging/photosynthetic machineries. The heterotrimeric G-proteins act as signalling molecules and modulate various cellular responses including stress tolerance in eukaryotes. The gamma (γ) subunit of rice G-protein (RGG1) was earlier reported to promote salinity stress tolerance in rice. In the present study, we report that a rice gene-encoding beta (β) subunit of G-protein (RGB1) gets upregulated during both biotic (upon a necrotrophic fungal pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani infection) and drought stresses. Marker-free transgenic IR64 rice lines that simultaneously overexpress both RGB1 and RGG1 genes under CaMV35S promoter were raised. The overexpressing (OE) lines showed enhanced tolerance to R. solani infection and salinity/drought stresses. Several defense marker genes including OsMPK3 were significantly upregulated in the R. solani-infected OE lines. We also found the antioxidant machineries to be upregulated during salinity as well as drought stress in the OE lines. Overall, the present study provides evidence that concurrent overexpression of G-protein subunits (RGG1 and RGB1) impart multiple (both biotic and abiotic) stress tolerance in rice which could be due to the enhanced expression of stress-marker genes and better management of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging/photosynthetic machinery. The current study suggests an improved approach for simultaneous improvement of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in rice which remains a major challenge for its sustainable cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Madhab Swain
- Plant Microbe Interactions Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar Sahoo
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar Chandan
- Plant Microbe Interactions Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujrat, Sector-30, Gandhinagar, 382030, India
| | - Srayan Ghosh
- Plant Microbe Interactions Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Plant Microbe Interactions Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Gopaljee Jha
- Plant Microbe Interactions Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Miao J, Yang Z, Zhang D, Wang Y, Xu M, Zhou L, Wang J, Wu S, Yao Y, Du X, Gu F, Gong Z, Gu M, Liang G, Zhou Y. Mutation of RGG2, which encodes a type B heterotrimeric G protein γ subunit, increases grain size and yield production in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:650-664. [PMID: 30160362 PMCID: PMC6381795 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G proteins, which consist of Gα , Gβ and Gγ subunits, function as molecular switches that regulate a wide range of developmental processes in plants. In this study, we characterised the function of rice RGG2, which encodes a type B Gγ subunit, in regulating grain size and yield production. The expression levels of RGG2 were significantly higher than those of other rice Gγ -encoding genes in all tissues tested, suggesting that RGG2 plays essential roles in rice growth and development. By regulating cell expansion, overexpression of RGG2 in Nipponbare (NIP) led to reduced plant height and decreased grain size. By contrast, two mutants generated by the clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system in the Zhenshan 97 (ZS97) background, zrgg2-1 and zrgg2-2, exhibited enhanced growth, including elongated internodes, increased 1000-grain weight and plant biomass and enhanced grain yield per plant (+11.8% and 16.0%, respectively). These results demonstrate that RGG2 acts as a negative regulator of plant growth and organ size in rice. By measuring the length of the second leaf sheath after gibberellin (GA3 ) treatment and the GA-induced α-amylase activity of seeds, we found that RGG2 is also involved in GA signalling. In summary, we propose that RGG2 may regulate grain and organ size via the GA pathway and that manipulation of RGG2 may provide a novel strategy for rice grain yield enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zefeng Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Dongping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Mengbin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Lihui Zhou
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Food CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Shujun Wu
- Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Youli Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xi Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Fangfei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zhiyun Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Minghong Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Guohua Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsKey Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
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Li X, Tao Q, Miao J, Yang Z, Gu M, Liang G, Zhou Y. Evaluation of differential qPE9-1/DEP1 protein domains in rice grain length and weight variation. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:5. [PMID: 30706248 PMCID: PMC6357212 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0263-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND qPE9-1/DEP1, encoding a G protein γ subunit, has multiple effects on plant architecture, grain size, and yield in rice. The qPE9-1 protein contains an N-terminal G gamma-like (GGL) domain, a putative transmembrane domain, and a C-terminal cysteine-rich domain. However, the roles of each domain remain unclear. RESULTS In the present study, we focused on the genetic effects of different domains of qPE9-1 in the regulation of grain length and weight. We generated a series of transgenic plants expressing different truncated qPE9-1 proteins through constitutive expression and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 strategies. Phenotypic analysis indicated that the complete or long-tailed qPE9-1 contributed to the elongation of grains, while the GGL domain alone and short-tailed qPE9-1 led to short grains. The long C-terminus of qPE9-1 including two or three C-terminal von Willebrand factor type C domains effectively repressed the negative effects of the GGL domain on grain length and weight. qPE9-1-overexpressing lines in a Wuxianggeng 9 (carrying a qpe9-1 allele) background showed increased grain yield per plant, but lodging occurred in some years. CONCLUSIONS Manipulation of the C-terminal length of qPE9-1 through genetic engineering can be used to generate varieties with various grain lengths and weights according to different requirements in rice breeding. The genetic effects of qPE9-1/qpe9-1 are multidimensional, and breeders should take into account other factors including genetic backgrounds and planting conditions in the use of qPE9-1/qpe9-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Quandan Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jun Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zefeng Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Minghong Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Guohua Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Phenotypic and genome-wide association with the local environment of Arabidopsis. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:274-285. [PMID: 30643246 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-018-0754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The environment imposes critical selective forces on all living organisms, and the sessile nature of plants makes them particularly useful for investigating the relationship between genetic variation and environmental adaptation. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, extensive information on phenotypic and genotypic variation is available, but comparable information on environmental variation within the native range of the species is lacking. Here, we compile 204 geoclimatic variables to describe the local environments of Arabidopsis accessions with known collection sites encompassing a wide geo-environmental range, and fully sequenced genomes from the 1001 Genomes Project. We identify candidate adaptive genetic variation associated with these environmental variables, and validate this approach through comparison with previous experimental studies, and by targeted confirmation of a role of the heterotrimeric G-protein γ subunit, AGG3, in cold tolerance, as newly predicted from our environmental genome wide association study (GWAS). To facilitate identification of adaptive variation, we created Arabidopsis CLIMtools : interactive web-based databases of the environment × genome associations and correlations between the local environments and 131 phenotypes compiled from previous experimental GWASs. Our study presents an extensive analysis of the local environments, landscape genomics and phenotypic variation of Arabidopsis, and illustrates how 'in silico GWAS' approaches can inform and complement experimental phenomics studies.
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Proteomic Analysis of a Rice Mutant sd58 Possessing a Novel d1 Allele of Heterotrimeric G Protein Alpha Subunit (RGA1) in Salt Stress with a Focus on ROS Scavenging. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010167. [PMID: 30621186 PMCID: PMC6337198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High salinity severely restrains plant growth and results in decrease of crop yield in agricultural production. Thus, it is of great significance to discover the crucial regulators involved in plant salt resistance. Here, we report a novel mutant, sd58, which displays enhanced salt tolerance and dwarf phenotype, by screening from ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenized rice mutant library. Genetic analysis showed that sd58 was caused by a single recessive locus. Map-based cloning and allelic test revealed that the phenotypes of sd58 were due to the mutation of RGA1, encoding the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G protein (Gα). A point mutation (G to A) was identified at the splicing site (GT-AG) of the first intron in RGA1, which gives rise to the generation of abnormal mRNA splicing forms. Furthermore, 332 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified by using an Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation(iTRAQ)-based proteomic technique from seedlings of sd58 and Kitaake in response to salt treatment. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed these proteins were mainly involved in regulation of the processes such as metabolic pathways, photosynthesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Under salt stress, sd58 displayed lower ROS accumulation than Kitaake, which is consistent with the higher enzyme activities involved in ROS scavenging. Taken together, we propose that RGA1 is one of the regulators in salt response partially through ROS scavenging, which might be helpful in elucidating salt tolerant mechanisms of heterotrimeric G protein in rice.
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Wu TY, Urano D. Genetic and Systematic Approaches Toward G Protein-Coupled Abiotic Stress Signaling in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1378. [PMID: 30294337 PMCID: PMC6158310 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G protein, composed of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, modulates plant adaptations to environmental stresses such as high salinity, drought, extreme temperatures and high light intensity. Most of these evidence were however derived solely from conventional genetics methods with which stress-associated phenotypes were compared between wild type and various G protein mutant plants. Recent advances in systematic approaches, mainly transcriptome and proteome, have contributed to in-depth understanding of molecular linkages between G proteins and environmental changes. Here, we update our knowledge on the roles of G proteins in abiotic stress responses. Furthermore, we highlight the current whole genome studies and integrated omics approach to better understand the fundamental G protein functions involved in abiotic stress responses. It is our purpose here to bridge the gap between molecular mechanisms in G protein science and stress biology and pave the way toward crop improvement researches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ying Wu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daisuke Urano
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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