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Huang X, Liang W, Yang R, Jin L, Zhao K, Chen J, Shang X, Zhou Y, Wang X, Yu H. Variations in the LINGO2 and GLIS3 Genes and Gene-Environment Interactions Increase Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Risk in Chinese Women. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:11596-11605. [PMID: 38888423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been found to be a common complication in pregnant women, known to escalate the risk of negative obstetric outcomes. In our study, we genotyped 1,566 Chinese pregnant women for two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the LINGO2 gene and one SNP in the GLIS3 gene, utilizing targeted next-generation sequencing. The impact of two interacting genes, and the interaction of genes with the environment─including exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone (O3), and variations in prepregnancy body mass index (BMI)─on the incidence of GDM were analyzed using logistic regression. Our findings identify the variants LINGO2 rs10968576 (P = 0.022, OR = 1.224) and rs1412239 (P = 0.018, OR = 1.231), as well as GLIS3 rs10814916 (P = 0.028, OR = 1.172), as risk mutations significantly linked to increased susceptibility to GDM. Further analysis underscores the crucial role of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in the development of GDM among Chinese women (P < 0.05). Particularly, the individuals carrying the rs10968576 G-rs1412239 G-rs10814916 C haplotype exhibit increased susceptibility to GDM during the prepregnancy period when interacting with PM2.5, O3, and BMI (P = 8.004 × 10-7, OR = 1.206; P = 6.3264 × 10-11, OR = 1.280; P = 9.928 × 10-7, OR = 1.334, respectively). In conclusion, our research emphasizes the importance of the interaction between specific gene variations─LINGO2 and GLIS3─and environmental factors in influencing GDM risk. Notably, we found significant associations between these gene variations and GDM risk across various environmental exposure periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Weiwei Liang
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Runqiu Yang
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanzhong Zhou
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Hongsong Yu
- Department of Immunology, Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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Ramírez-Luzuriaga MJ, Kobes S, Hsueh WC, Baier LJ, Hanson RL. Novel signals and polygenic score for height are associated with pubertal growth traits in Southwestern American Indians. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:981-990. [PMID: 38483351 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Most genetic variants associated with adult height have been identified through large genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in European-ancestry cohorts. However, it is unclear how these variants influence linear growth during adolescence. This study uses anthropometric and genotypic data from a longitudinal study conducted in an American Indian community in Arizona between 1965-2007. Growth parameters (i.e. height, velocity, and timing of growth spurt) were derived from the Preece-Baines growth model, a parametric growth curve fitted to longitudinal height data, in 787 participants with height measurements spanning the whole period of growth. Heritability estimates suggested that genetic factors could explain 25% to 71% of the variance of pubertal growth traits. We performed a GWAS of growth parameters, testing their associations with 5 077 595 imputed or directly genotyped variants. Six variants associated with height at peak velocity (P < 5 × 10-8, adjusted for sex, birth year and principal components). Implicated genes include NUDT3, previously associated with adult height, and PACSIN1. Two novel variants associated with duration of growth spurt (P < 5 × 10-8) in LOC105375344, an uncharacterized gene with unknown function. We finally examined the association of growth parameters with a polygenic score for height derived from 9557 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in the GIANT meta-analysis for which genotypic data were available for the American Indian study population. Height polygenic score was correlated with the magnitude and velocity of height growth that occurred before and at the peak of the adolescent growth spurt, indicating overlapping genetic architecture, with no influence on the timing of adolescent growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Ramírez-Luzuriaga
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
| | - Sayuko Kobes
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
| | - Wen-Chi Hsueh
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
| | - Leslie J Baier
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 1550 E indian School Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014, United States
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Carrizosa-Molina T, Casillas-Díaz N, Pérez-Nadador I, Vales-Villamarín C, López-Martínez MÁ, Riveiro-Álvarez R, Wilhelm L, Cervera-Juanes R, Garcés C, Lomniczi A, Soriano-Guillén L. Methylation analysis by targeted bisulfite sequencing in large for gestational age (LGA) newborns: the LARGAN cohort. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:191. [PMID: 38093359 PMCID: PMC10717641 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 1990, David Barker proposed that prenatal nutrition is directly linked to adult cardiovascular disease. Since then, the relationship between adult cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome and birth weight has been widely documented. Here, we used the TruSeq Methyl Capture EPIC platform to compare the methylation patterns in cord blood from large for gestational age (LGA) vs adequate for gestational age (AGA) newborns from the LARGAN cohort. RESULTS We found 1672 differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) with a nominal p < 0.05 and 48 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) with a corrected p < 0.05 between the LGA and AGA groups. A systems biology approach identified several biological processes significantly enriched with genes in association with DMCs with FDR < 0.05, including regulation of transcription, regulation of epinephrine secretion, norepinephrine biosynthesis, receptor transactivation, forebrain regionalization and several terms related to kidney and cardiovascular development. Gene ontology analysis of the genes in association with the 48 DMRs identified several significantly enriched biological processes related to kidney development, including mesonephric duct development and nephron tubule development. Furthermore, our dataset identified several DNA methylation markers enriched in gene networks involved in biological pathways and rare diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, and metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified several DMCs/DMRs in association with fetal overgrowth. The use of cord blood as a material for the identification of DNA methylation biomarkers gives us the possibility to perform follow-up studies on the same patients as they grow. These studies will not only help us understand how the methylome responds to continuum postnatal growth but also link early alterations of the DNA methylome with later clinical markers of growth and metabolic fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Carrizosa-Molina
- Department of Pediatrics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avda. Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Casillas-Díaz
- Department of Pediatrics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avda. Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Miguel Ángel López-Martínez
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Riveiro-Álvarez
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Larry Wilhelm
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rita Cervera-Juanes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Carmen Garcés
- Lipid Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lomniczi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University School of Medicine, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Leandro Soriano-Guillén
- Department of Pediatrics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avda. Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Hwang LD, Cuellar-Partida G, Yengo L, Zeng J, Beaumont RN, Freathy RM, Moen GH, Warrington NM, Evans DM. Direct and INdirect effects analysis of Genetic lOci (DINGO): A software package to increase the power of locus discovery in GWAS meta-analyses of perinatal phenotypes and traits influenced by indirect genetic effects. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.08.22.23294446. [PMID: 37693475 PMCID: PMC10491281 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.22.23294446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal traits are influenced by genetic variants from both fetal and maternal genomes. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of these phenotypes have typically involved separate fetal and maternal scans, however, this approach may be inefficient as it does not utilize the information shared across the individual GWAS. In this manuscript we investigate the performance of three strategies to detect loci in maternal and fetal GWAS of the same trait: (i) the traditional strategy of analysing maternal and fetal GWAS separately; (ii) a novel two degree of freedom test which combines information from maternal and fetal GWAS; and (iii) a novel one degree of freedom test where signals from maternal and fetal GWAS are meta-analysed together conditional on the estimated sample overlap. We demonstrate through a combination of analytical formulae and data simulation that the optimal strategy depends on the extent of sample overlap/relatedness between the maternal and fetal GWAS, the correlation between own and offspring phenotypes, whether loci jointly exhibit fetal and maternal effects, and if so, whether these effects are directionally concordant. We apply our methods to summary results statistics from a recent GWAS meta-analysis of birth weight from deCODE, the UK Biobank and the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) consortium. Both the two degree of freedom (213 loci) and meta-analytic approach (226 loci) dramatically increase the number of robustly associated genetic loci for birth weight relative to separately analysing the scans (183 loci). Our best strategy identifies an additional 62 novel loci compared to the most recent published meta-analysis of birth weight and implicates both known and new biological pathways in the aetiology of the trait. We implement our methods in the online DINGO (Direct and INdirect effects analysis of Genetic lOci) software package, which allows users to perform one and/or two degree of freedom tests easily and computationally efficiently across the genome. We conclude that whilst the novel two degree of freedom test may be particularly useful for the analysis of certain perinatal phenotypes where many loci exhibit discordant maternal and fetal genetic effects, for most phenotypes, a simple meta-analytic strategy is likely to perform best, particularly in situations where maternal and fetal GWAS only partially overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Dar Hwang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Loic Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jian Zeng
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robin N Beaumont
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rachel M Freathy
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gunn-Helen Moen
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- The Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, 4102, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicole M Warrington
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- The Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, 4102, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - David M Evans
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, 4102, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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5
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Dye CK, Domingo-Relloso A, Kupsco A, Tinkelman NE, Spratlen MJ, Bozack AK, Tellez-Plaza M, Goessler W, Haack K, Umans JG, Baccarelli AA, Cole SA, Navas-Acien A. Maternal DNA methylation signatures of arsenic exposure is associated with adult offspring insulin resistance in the Strong Heart Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107774. [PMID: 36805808 PMCID: PMC10166110 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to low to moderate arsenic (As) levels has been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other chronic diseases in American Indian communities. Prenatal exposure to As may also increase the risk for T2D in adulthood, and maternal As has been associated with adult offspring metabolic health measurements. We hypothesized that T2D-related outcomes in adult offspring born to women exposed to low to moderate As can be evaluated utilizing a maternally-derived molecular biosignature of As exposure. Herein, we evaluated the association of maternal DNA methylation with incident T2D and insulin resistance (Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA2-IR]) in adult offspring. For DNA methylation, we used 20 differentially methylated cytosine-guanine dinucleotides (CpG) previously associated with the sum of inorganic and methylated As species (ΣAs) in urine in the Strong Heart Study (SHS). Of these 20 CpGs, we found six CpGs nominally associated (p < 0.05) with HOMA2-IR in a fully adjusted model that included clinically relevant covariates and offspring adiposity measurements; a similar model that adjusted instead for maternal adiposity measurements found three CpGs nominally associated with HOMA2-IR, two of which overlapped the offspring adiposity model. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, cg03036214 remained associated with HOMA2-IR (q < 0.10) in the offspring adiposity model. The odds ratio of incident T2D increased with an increase in maternal DNA methylation at one HOMA2-IR associated CpG in the model adjusting for offspring adiposity, cg12116137, whereas adjusting for maternal adiposity had a minimal effect on the association. Our data suggests offspring adiposity, rather than maternal adiposity, potentially influences the effects of maternal DNAm signatures on offspring metabolic health parameters. Here, we have presented evidence supporting a role for epigenetic biosignatures of maternal As exposure as a potential biomarker for evaluating risk of T2D-related outcomes in offspring later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian K Dye
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Arce Domingo-Relloso
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Allison Kupsco
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Naomi E Tinkelman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Miranda J Spratlen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anne K Bozack
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Karin Haack
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, Georgetown-Howard Universities, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shelley A Cole
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Polymorphisms in GLIS3 and susceptibility to diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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7
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Miranda-Lora AL, Vilchis-Gil J, Juárez-Comboni DB, Cruz M, Klünder-Klünder M. A Genetic Risk Score Improves the Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Mexican Youths but Has Lower Predictive Utility Compared With Non-Genetic Factors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:647864. [PMID: 33776940 PMCID: PMC7994893 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.647864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a multifactorial disease caused by a complex interplay between environmental risk factors and genetic predisposition. To date, a total of 10 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) have been associated with pediatric-onset T2D in Mexicans, with a small individual effect size. A genetic risk score (GRS) that combines these SNPs could serve as a predictor of the risk for pediatric-onset T2D. Objective To assess the clinical utility of a GRS that combines 10 SNPs to improve risk prediction of pediatric-onset T2D in Mexicans. Methods This case-control study included 97 individuals with pediatric-onset T2D and 84 controls below 18 years old without T2D. Information regarding family history of T2D, demographics, perinatal risk factors, anthropometric measurements, biochemical variables, lifestyle, and fitness scores were then obtained. Moreover, 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with pediatric-onset T2D in Mexicans were genotyped. The GRS was calculated by summing the 10 risk alleles. Pediatric-onset T2D risk variance was assessed using multivariable logistic regression models and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results The body mass index Z-score (Z-BMI) [odds ratio (OR) = 1.7; p = 0.009] and maternal history of T2D (OR = 7.1; p < 0.001) were found to be independently associated with pediatric-onset T2D. No association with other clinical risk factors was observed. The GRS also showed a significant association with pediatric-onset T2D (OR = 1.3 per risk allele; p = 0.006). The GRS, clinical risk factors, and GRS plus clinical risk factors had an AUC of 0.66 (95% CI 0.56-0.75), 0.72 (95% CI 0.62-0.81), and 0.78 (95% CI 0.70-0.87), respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusion The GRS based on 10 SNPs was associated with pediatric-onset T2D in Mexicans and improved its prediction with modest significance. However, clinical factors, such the Z-BMI and family history of T2D, continue to have the highest predictive utility in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- América Liliana Miranda-Lora
- Epidemiological Research Unit in Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jenny Vilchis-Gil
- Epidemiological Research Unit in Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Miguel Cruz
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Klünder-Klünder
- Research Subdirectorate, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
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Gong C. Editorial: Childhood Diabetes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:830700. [PMID: 35126318 PMCID: PMC8808701 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.830700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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9
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Scoville DW, Kang HS, Jetten AM. Transcription factor GLIS3: Critical roles in thyroid hormone biosynthesis, hypothyroidism, pancreatic beta cells and diabetes. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 215:107632. [PMID: 32693112 PMCID: PMC7606550 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
GLI-Similar 3 (GLIS3) is a member of the GLIS subfamily of Krüppel-like zinc finger transcription factors that functions as an activator or repressor of gene expression. Study of GLIS3-deficiency in mice and humans revealed that GLIS3 plays a critical role in the regulation of several biological processes and is implicated in the development of various diseases, including hypothyroidism and diabetes. This was supported by genome-wide association studies that identified significant associations of common variants in GLIS3 with increased risk of these pathologies. To obtain insights into the causal mechanisms underlying these diseases, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms by which this protein regulates the development of these pathologies. Recent studies of genes regulated by GLIS3 led to the identification of a number of target genes and have provided important molecular insights by which GLIS3 controls cellular processes. These studies revealed that GLIS3 is essential for thyroid hormone biosynthesis and identified a critical function for GLIS3 in the generation of pancreatic β cells and insulin gene transcription. These observations raised the possibility that the GLIS3 signaling pathway might provide a potential therapeutic target in the management of diabetes, hypothyroidism, and other diseases. To develop such strategies, it will be critical to understand the upstream signaling pathways that regulate the activity, expression and function of GLIS3. Here, we review the recent progress on the molecular mechanisms by which GLIS3 controls key functions in thyroid follicular and pancreatic β cells and how this causally relates to the development of hypothyroidism and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Scoville
- Cell Biology Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Hong Soon Kang
- Cell Biology Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Anton M Jetten
- Cell Biology Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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