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Collaro AJ, Foong R, Chang AB, Marchant JM, Blake TL, Cole JF, Pearson G, Hii R, Brown H, Chatfield MD, Hall G, McElrea MS. Which reference equation should we use for interpreting spirometry values for First Nations Australians? A cross-sectional study. Med J Aust 2024; 220:523-529. [PMID: 38741358 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.52306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the suitability of the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI)-2012 other/mixed and GLI-2022 global reference equations for evaluating the respiratory capacity of First Nations Australians. DESIGN, SETTING Cross-sectional study; analysis of spirometry data collected by three prospective studies in Queensland, the Northern Territory, and Western Australia between March 2015 and December 2022. PARTICIPANTS Opportunistically recruited First Nations participants in the Indigenous Respiratory Reference Values study (Queensland, Northern Territory; age, 3-25 years; 18 March 2015 - 24 November 2017), the Healthy Indigenous Lung Function Testing in Adults study (Queensland, Northern Territory; 18 years or older; 14 August 2019 - 15 December 2022) and the Many Healthy Lungs study (Western Australia; five years or older; 10 October 2018 - 7 November 2021). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Goodness of fit to spirometry data for each GLI reference equation, based on mean Z-score and its standard deviation, and proportions of participants with respiratory parameter values within 1.64 Z-scores of the mean value. RESULTS Acceptable and repeatable forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) values were available for 2700 First Nations participants in the three trials; 1467 were classified as healthy and included in our analysis (1062 children, 405 adults). Their median age was 12 years (interquartile range, 9-19 years; range, 3-91 years), 768 (52%) were female, and 1013 were tested in rural or remote areas (69%). Acceptable and repeatable forced vital capacity (FVC) values were available for 1294 of the healthy participants (88%). The GLI-2012 other/mixed and GLI-2022 global equations provided good fits to the spirometry data; the race-neutral GLI-2022 global equation better accounted for the influence of ageing on FEV1 and FVC, and of height on FVC. Using the GLI-2012 other/mixed reference equation and after adjusting for age, sex, and height, mean FEV1 (estimated difference, -0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.46 to -0.22) and FVC Z-scores (estimated difference, -0.45; 95% CI, -0.59 to -0.32) were lower for rural or remote than for urban participants, but their mean FEV1/FVC Z-score was higher (estimated difference, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.03-0.25). CONCLUSION The normal spirometry values of healthy First Nations Australians may be substantially higher than previously reported. Until more spirometry data are available for people in urban areas, the race-neutral GLI-2022 global or the GLI-2012 other/mixed reference equations can be used when assessing the respiratory function of First Nations Australians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Collaro
- Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD
| | - Rachel Foong
- Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Anne B Chang
- Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT
| | - Julie M Marchant
- Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT
| | - Tamara L Blake
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | | | - Glenn Pearson
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Rebecca Hii
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth
- St John of God Midland Public and Private Hospitals, Midland, WA
| | - Henry Brown
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Mark D Chatfield
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
| | - Graham Hall
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth
| | - Margaret S McElrea
- Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT
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Hanaoka M, Wada Y, Goto N, Kitaguchi Y, Koarai A, Kubota M, Oyamada Y, Koto H. Referential equations for pulmonary diffusing capacity generated from the Japanese population using the Lambda, Mu, or Sigma method and their comparisons with prior referential equations. Respir Investig 2023; 61:687-697. [PMID: 37708634 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to establish reference equations for single-breath lung carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO), alveolar volume (VA), and transfer coefficient of the lungs for carbon monoxide (KCO, sometimes written as DLCO/VA) in the Japanese population. A generalised additive model for location size and shape (GAMLSS) was used to build each equation. METHODS To collect pulmonary function data throughout a broad age range, we prospectively obtained pulmonary function data from healthy volunteers and retrospectively obtained data from patients with normal diffusing capacity aged 16-85 years. RESULTS In total, 702 tests were conducted. The validation group z-scores, except for DLCO in males, showed substantial discrepancies between the Global Lung Initiative (GLI) baseline prediction equations and the present study's prediction equations, indicating the need for a new reference value prediction approach. The root mean square errors of the DLCO, VA, and KCO reference values obtained from the present study's prediction equations were lower than those derived from the GLI and previous linear regression equations. CONCLUSIONS Reference values obtained in this study were more appropriate for our sample than those derived from the existing baseline prediction equations. This research's contribution is the development of a more precise prediction equation that can be used to establish a reference value range for pulmonary diffusing capacity. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This research does not include any dissemination plan (publications, data deposition and curation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Hanaoka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yosuke Wada
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Norihiko Goto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kitaguchi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1, Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akira Koarai
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Sendai City Hospital, 1-1-1 Asutonagamachi, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-8502, Japan
| | - Masaru Kubota
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oyamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Koto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyushu Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers, 3-23-1 Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8588, Japan
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Collaro AJ, Chang AB, Marchant JM, Vicendese D, Chatfield MD, Cole JF, Blake TL, McElrea MS. Developing Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Predicted and Upper Limit of Normal Values for a Disadvantaged Population. Chest 2023; 163:624-633. [PMID: 36279906 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno), used as a biomarker, is influenced by several factors including ethnicity. Normative data are essential for interpretation, and currently single cutoff values are used in children and adults. RESEARCH QUESTION Accounting for factors that influence Feno, (1) what are appropriate predicted and upper limit of normal (ULN) Feno values in an underserved population (First Nations Australians), (2) how do these values compare with age-based interpretive guidelines, and (3) what factors influence Feno and what is the size of the effect? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Feno data of First Nations Australians (age < 16 years, n = 862; age ≥ 16 years, n = 348) were obtained. Medical history using participant questionnaires and medical records were used to define healthy participants. Flexible regression using spline functions, as used by the Global Lung Function Initiative, were used to generate predicted and ULN values. RESULTS Look-up tables for predicted and ULN values using age (4-76 years) and height (100-200 cm) were generated and are supplied with a calculator for clinician use. In healthy First Nations children (age < 18 years), ULN values ranged between 25 and 60 parts per billion (ppb) when considering only biologically plausible age and height combinations. For healthy adults, ULN values ranged between 39 and 88 ppb. Neither the current Feno interpretation guidelines, nor the currently recommended cutoff of 50 ppb for First Nations children 16 years of age or younger were appropriate for use in this cohort. Our modelling revealed that predicted and ULN values of healthy participants varied nonlinearly with age and height. INTERPRETATION Because single pediatric, adult, or all-age Feno cutoff values used by current interpretive guidelines to define abnormality fail to account for factors that modify Feno values, we propose predicted and ULN values for First Nations Australians 4 to 76 years of age. Creating age- and height-adjusted predicted and ULN values could be considered for other ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Collaro
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Anne B Chang
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Casuarina, NT, Australia
| | - Julie M Marchant
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Don Vicendese
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark D Chatfield
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Child Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Casuarina, NT, Australia
| | - Johanna F Cole
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tamara L Blake
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Margaret S McElrea
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Rumchev K, Van Hoang D, Lee AH. Exposure to dust and respiratory health among Australian miners. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:355-363. [PMID: 36089622 PMCID: PMC9968258 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01922-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Occupational exposure to dust has been recognised as a significant health hazard to mine workers. This study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to inhalable (INH) and respirable (RES) dust and respiratory health among mine workers in Western Australia using an industry-wide exposure database. METHODS The database comprised cross-sectional surveys conducted by mining companies for the period 2001-2012. The study population consisted of 12,797 workers who were monitored for exposure to INH and RES dust and undertook health assessments including a respiratory questionnaire and spirometry test. RESULTS Despite the general trend of declining exposure to both INH and RES dust observed over the 12 years period, mine workers reported a higher prevalence of phlegm and cough when exposed to elevated concentrations of INH and RES dust. Logistic regression analysis further confirmed the positive association between INH dust exposure and the prevalence of phlegm with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.033 (95% CI 1.012-1.052). Overall, 6.3% of miners might have potential airway obstruction, and exposure to INH dust was associated with impaired lung function parameters. CONCLUSION Exposure levels of INH and RES dust particles among mine workers have reduced considerably and were well below currently legislated occupational exposure limits. However, given the reported higher prevalence of phlegm and cough among those with elevated dust concentrations, there is a continued need for effective dust exposure monitoring and control in the mineral mining industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krassi Rumchev
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - Dong Van Hoang
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andy H. Lee
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Fontana L, Cioffi DL, Leso V, D’Ausilio E, Pacella D, Fedele M, Maniscalco M, Iavicoli I. Validation of the Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 Spirometry Reference Values in a Healthy Italian Working Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15200. [PMID: 36429917 PMCID: PMC9690579 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies showed important differences in the interpretation of spirometry based on different reference values, in particular by comparing European Respiratory Society (ERS) 1993 and Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012. The validation of new reference values in local populations is essential before they can be used in an appropriate manner. This study aimed to investigate the fit of GLI reference values in a healthy Italian working population. METHODS Spirometry data were collected in 1355 workers during their health surveillance medical examination conducted for exposure to chemical and biological risk factors. A single portable spirometer that met the ATS/ERS recommendations for occupational testing was used and calibrated daily. RESULTS Average z-score were -0.13 (with a median of -0.17), -0.25 (with a median of -0.24), and 0.18 (with a median of 0.17) for FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio, respectively. Considering only the normal-weighted workers, the average z-scores were -0.07 (with a median of -0.16), -0.15 (with a median of -0.16), and 0.07 (with a median of 0.02) for FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio, respectively. CONCLUSIONS GLI 2012 reference values fit the Italian data satisfactorily, resulting as more accurate than ERS 1993, especially in women, normal-weighted subjects, aged 30-50 years, and for height < 165 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Fontana
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Dante Luigi Cioffi
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Veruscka Leso
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele D’Ausilio
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Pacella
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Fedele
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, Institute ICS Maugeri SpA SB, Via Bagni Vecchi 1, 82037 Telese Terme, Italy
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Heraganahally S, Howarth TP, White E, Ben Saad H. Implications of using the GLI-2012, GOLD and Australian COPD-X recommendations in assessing the severity of airflow limitation on spirometry among an Indigenous population with COPD: an Indigenous Australians perspective study. BMJ Open Respir Res 2021; 8:e001135. [PMID: 34952866 PMCID: PMC8710893 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of airflow limitation (AFL) is crucial in the clinical evaluation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, in the absence of normative reference values among adult Australian Indigenous population, the implications of utilising the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI-2012), Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) and the Australian concise COPD-X recommended severity classifications is not known. Moreover, spirometry values (forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)) are observed to be 20%-30% lower in an apparently healthy Indigenous population in comparison to Caucasian counterparts. METHODS Adult Indigenous patients diagnosed to have COPD on spirometry (postbronchodilator (BD) FEV1/FVC <0.7 ((GOLD, (COPD-X)) and ≤lower limit of normal (others/mixed reference equations) for GLI-2012) were assessed for AFL severity classifications on Post-BD FEV1 values (mild, moderate, severe, very severe) as per the recommended classifications. RESULTS From a total of 742 unique patient records of Indigenous Australians, 253 were identified to have COPD via GOLD/COPD-X criteria (n=238) or GLI-2012 criteria (n=238) with significant agreeance between criteria (96%, κ=0.901). Of these, the majority were classified as having moderate or severe/very-severe AFL with significant variability across classification criteria (COPD-X (40%-43%), GOLD (33%-65%), GLI-2012 (18%-75%)). The FVC and FEV1 values also varied significantly between classification criterion (COPD-X/GOLD/GLI-2012) within the same AFL category, with COPD-X 'moderate' AFL almost matching 'severe' AFL categorisation by GOLD or GLI-2012. CONCLUSIONS Health professionals caring for Indigenous patients with COPD should be aware of the clinical implications and consequences of utilising various recommended AFL classifications in the absence of validated spirometry reference norms among adult Indigenous patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash Heraganahally
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Timothy P Howarth
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Health, Darwin Private Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Elisha White
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Research laboratory "Heart failure, LR12SP09", Farhat HACHED Hospital, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
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Heraganahally SS, Howarth T, Mo L, Sorger L, Ben Saad H. Critical analysis of spirometric patterns in correlation to chest computed tomography among adult Indigenous Australians with chronic airway diseases. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:1229-1238. [PMID: 33985393 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1928496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: There is sparse literature evidence in the spirometric patterns of adult Indigenous Australians with and without chest computed tomography (CT)-proven chronic airway diseases (CADs).Methods: Participants spirometry testing graded as acceptable for quality and had a chest CT scan showing radiographic evidence of CADs were included for analysis.Results: Of the 1350 spirometric tests performed between 2012 and 2020, a total of 212 patients with a mean age of 53 years and 54% females were eligible to be included. One-third (30%) had normal chest CT (without CADs), 35% had predominant COPD, 19% bronchiectasis and 16% combined COPD and bronchiectasis. Percentage predicted values for forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) both pre- and post- bronchodilator were significantly reduced for all participants - FVC: CT-normal 64%, 65%; COPD 58%, 62%; bronchiectasis 54%, 54%; combined COPD and bronchiectasis 50%, 53%. FEV1: CT-normal 62%, 65%; COPD 46%, 49%; bronchiectasis 48%,51%; combined COPD and bronchiectasis 36%,40%. FEV1/FVC was only reduced for CT abnormality patients - CT-normal 96%,98%; COPD 77%,77%; bronchiectasis 87%,89%; combined COPD and bronchiectasis 71%,72%.Conclusions: Restrictive spirometric pattern is common and an obstructive pattern with COPD, in isolation or when COPD coexists with bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash S Heraganahally
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.,Flinders University - College of Medicine and Public Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Darwin Respiratory and Sleep Health, Darwin Private Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Timothy Howarth
- Darwin Respiratory and Sleep Health, Darwin Private Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.,College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Lin Mo
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Lisa Sorger
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- University of Sousse, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Heart Failure Research Laboratory (LR12SP09), Sousse, Tunisia
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Botman E, Smilde BJ, Hoebink M, Treurniet S, Raijmakers P, Kamp O, Teunissen BP, Bökenkamp A, Jak P, Lammertsma AA, van den Aardweg JG, Boonstra A, Eekhoff EMW. Deterioration of pulmonary function: An early complication in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. Bone Rep 2021; 14:100758. [PMID: 33748352 PMCID: PMC7972965 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP) is a genetic disease characterized by the formation of heterotopic ossification (HO) in connective tissues. HO first develops in the thoracic region, before more peripheral sites are affected. Due to HO along the thoracic cage, its movements are restricted and pulmonary function deteriorates. Because development of HO is progressive, it is likely that pulmonary function deteriorates over time, but longitudinal data on pulmonary function in FOP are missing. Longitudinal pulmonary function tests (PFTs) from seven FOP patients were evaluated retrospectively to assess whether there were changes in pulmonary function during aging. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume (RV) and diffusing lung capacity for carbon dioxide divided by alveolar volume (DLCO/VA) were included. In addition, HO volume along the thorax together with its progression as identified by whole body low dose CT scans were correlated to PFT data. Per patient, aged 7-57 years at the time of the first PFT, three to nine PFTs were available over a period of 6-18 years. Restrictive pulmonary function, identified by TLC or suspected by FVC, was found in all, but one, patients. In three patients, TLC, FVC or both decreased further during the follow-up period. All, but one, patients had an increased RV. The DLCO/VA ratio was normal in all FOP patients. Interestingly, FEV1 increased after a surgical intervention to unlock the jaw. In four out of five patients total HO volume in the thoracic region progressed beyond early adulthood, but no further decline in FVC was observed. In conclusion, restrictive pulmonary function was found in the majority of patients already at an early age. Our data suggest that the deterioration in pulmonary function is age dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmée Botman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine section Endocrinology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Bone Centre, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bernard J Smilde
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine section Endocrinology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Bone Centre, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Hoebink
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine section Endocrinology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Bone Centre, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne Treurniet
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine section Endocrinology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Bone Centre, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Raijmakers
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Otto Kamp
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Cardiology, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bernd P Teunissen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arend Bökenkamp
- Amsterdam UMC, Emma Children's Hospital, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Jak
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pulmonology, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adriaan A Lammertsma
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost G van den Aardweg
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pulmonology, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anco Boonstra
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pulmonology, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M W Eekhoff
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine section Endocrinology, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Bone Centre, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Heraganahally SS, Howarth T, White E, Sorger L, Biancardi E, Ben Saad H. Lung function parameters among Australian Aboriginal 'apparently healthy' adults: an Australian Caucasian and Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI-2012) various ethnic norms comparative study. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 15:833-843. [PMID: 33166208 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1847649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: There is sparse literature evidence evaluating the applicability of the GLI-2012 spirometric norms for Australian Aboriginal adults.Methods: Lung function parameters (LFPs) were compared between Australian Aboriginal and Australian Caucasians, and the fit of Australian Aboriginals LFPs with various ethnic GLI equations was tested.Results: Of 1350 and 5634 Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in Australian Aboriginal and Australian Caucasian adults, 153 and 208 PFTs matched for anthropometrics and normal chest radiology, respectively. Absolute FVC and FEV1 values were 20% lower in Australian Aboriginals compared to Australian Caucasians. Differences remained significant after accounting for age, sex, height, weight and smoking status in multivariate regression (FVC -0.84 L (-0.98, -0.71), FEV1 - 0.72 L (-0.84, -0.59), but with nearly preserved FEV1/FVC. GLI-2012 transformation resulted in z-scores significantly below zero for each of FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC with z-scores ranging from -4.52 (-4.87, -4.16) for North East Asian FVC transformation for males, to -0.34 (-0.73, 0.05) for Black FVC transformation for females.Conclusions: Australian Aboriginal adults had 20% lower values for FVC and FEV1 but nearly preserved absolute FEV1/FVC in comparison to Australian Caucasians. The GLI-2012 spirometric norms do not appear to fit for Australian Aboriginal adults regardless of which ethnicity options selected, including 'others/mixed'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash S Heraganahally
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.,Darwin Respiratory and Sleep Health, Darwin Private Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | - Timothy Howarth
- Darwin Respiratory and Sleep Health, Darwin Private Hospital, Darwin, Australia.,College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Elisha White
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | - Lisa Sorger
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | - Edwina Biancardi
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Laboratoire de Physiologie, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.,Department of Physiology and Functional Exploration, Farhat HACHED Hospital of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.,Heart Failure Research Laboratory (LR12SP09), Farhat HACHED Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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10
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Longitudinal Analysis of Lung Function in Pregnant Women with and without Asthma. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 9:1578-1585.e3. [PMID: 33197643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spirometry is commonly used to assess and monitor lung function. It may also be a useful tool to monitor maternal health during pregnancy. However, large studies examining lung function across gestation are limited. Also, whether spirometry values follow the same pattern during pregnancy in women with and without asthma is unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of advancing gestation, and its interaction with asthma, on lung function in a large well-defined cohort of pregnant women. METHODS Data were obtained from prospective cohorts involving women with (n = 770) and without (n = 259) asthma (2004-2017), recruited between 12 and 22 weeks' gestation. Lung function (forced vital capacity [FVC], FEV1, FEV1:FVC%) was assessed periodically during pregnancy using spirometry. Multilevel mixed-effect regression models were used to assess changes in lung function over gestation. RESULTS Asthma had a significant effect on baseline lung function (FEV1%, -9%; FVC%, -3%; FEV1:FVC%, -4%). FVC% decreased with advancing gestation (-0.07%/wk; 95% CI, -0.10 to -0.04]), as did FEV1%, but only among those without asthma (women without asthma: -0.14%/wk, 95% CI, -0.22 to -0.06%; compared with women with asthma: 0.02%/wk, 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.06). FEV1:FVC% remained relatively stable for women without asthma (0.03%/wk; 95% CI, -0.08 to 0.02), but increased for women with asthma (0.06%/wk; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.16). CONCLUSIONS Data suggest that advancing gestation negatively affects FVC% and FEV1%. This is consistent with extrapulmonary restriction from advancing pregnancy. Yet, the presence of asthma altered the trajectories of FEV1% and FEV1:FVC%. Optimal asthma management during pregnancy might have opposed the negative effects of gestation on lung function.
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11
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Alam M, Shehzad MI, Hussain S, Paras I, Kanwal M, Mushtaq A. Spirometry Assessment and Correlation With Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Cureus 2020; 12:e11105. [PMID: 33240701 PMCID: PMC7682508 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To observe spirometry and its correlation with postoperative pulmonary complications in cardiac surgery patients. Study design Prospective observational study Place and duration of the study Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology (CPEIC) Multan, from January 1, 2017, to June 30, 2020 Methodology Written informed consent was taken from 357 patients. Spirometry was performed in all the patients using the conventional method. Baseline data, including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), living area, smoking history, known lung illness, six-minute walk distance, predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) %, predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) %, and type of the procedure such as aortic valve replacement (AVR), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), double-valve replacement (DVR), and mitral valve replacement (MVR) were documented for all the patients. Outcome data included postoperative ICU length of stay (LOS), respiratory failure, respiratory infection, atelectasis, and mortality. Results The most common procedure was CABG and MVR proceeded by n=254 (71.1%) and n=83 (23.2%) patients, respectively. Postoperative complications, such as respiratory failure, respiratory infection, and atelectasis, was noted in n=29 (8.1%), n=28 (7.8 %), and n=127 (35.6 %) patients, respectively, while n=5 (1.4%) patients died. Conclusion Deranged pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are associated with poor prognosis following elective cardiac surgery in terms of postoperative pulmonary complications such as pulmonary infection, respiratory failure, and atelectasis. There is a significant difference in percentage predicted of FVC and FEV1 in patients who developed atelectasis and respiratory tract infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masood Alam
- Pulmonology, Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, PAK
| | | | - Shafqat Hussain
- Cardiac Surgery, Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, PAK
| | - Iftikhar Paras
- Cardiac Surgery, Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, PAK
| | - Masooma Kanwal
- Physical Therapy, Choudhary Pervez Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan, PAK
| | - Azam Mushtaq
- Pulmonology, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, PAK
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12
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Tautolo ES, Wong C, Vandal A, Jalili-Moghaddam S, Griffiths E, Iusitini L, Trenholme A, Byrnes C. Respiratory Health of Pacific Youth: An Observational Study of Associated Risk and Protective Factors Throughout Childhood. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e18916. [PMID: 33084587 PMCID: PMC7641786 DOI: 10.2196/18916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory disease is the third most common cause of death in New Zealand, with Pacific people living in New Zealand bearing the greatest burden of this type of disease. Although some epidemiological outcomes are known, we lack the specifics required to formulate targeted and effective public health interventions. The Pacific Islands Families (PIF) birth cohort study is a study that provides a unique source of data to assess lung function and current respiratory health among participants entering early adulthood and to examine associations with early life events during critical periods of growth. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to provide an overview of the design, methods, and scope of the Respiratory Health of Pacific Youth Study, which uses the overall PIF study cohort aged 18-19 years. METHODS From 2000-2019, the PIF study has followed, from birth, the growth, and the development of 1398 Pacific children born in Auckland, New Zealand. Participants were nested within the overall PIF study (at ages 18-19 years) from June 2018, and assessments were undertaken until mid-November 2019. The assessments included respiratory and general medical histories, a general physical examination, assessment of lung function (forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity), self-completed questionnaires (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions-3 Level, Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents, and Leicester Cough Questionnaire), blood tests (eosinophils, Immunoglobulin E, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin M, and C-reactive protein), and chest x-rays. Noninferential analyses will be carried out on dimensionally reduced risk and protective factors and confounders. RESULTS Data collection began in June 2018 and ended in November 2019, with a total of 466 participants recruited for submission of the paper. Collection and collation of chest x-ray data is still underway, and data analysis and expected results will be published by November 2020. CONCLUSIONS This is the first longitudinal observational study to address the burden of respiratory disease among Pacific youth by determining factors in early life that impose long-term detriments in lung function and are associated with the presence of respiratory illness. Identifying risk factors and the magnitude of their effects will help in adopting preventative measures, establishing whether any avoidable risks can be modified by later resilient behaviors, and provide baseline measurements for the development of respiratory disease in later adult life. The study results can be translated into practice guidelines and inform health strategies with immediate national and international impact. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18916.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Shadan Tautolo
- AUT Pacific Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Conroy Wong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alain Vandal
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shabnam Jalili-Moghaddam
- AUT Pacific Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Emily Griffiths
- AUT Pacific Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Leon Iusitini
- AUT Pacific Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Adrian Trenholme
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Catherine Byrnes
- Paediatric Department, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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13
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Oliveira A, Rutter M, Quijano-Campos JC, Herrero-Cortina B, Clari M, O'Rourke A, McGowan A, Burtin C, Sajnic A, De Brandt J. ERS International Congress, Madrid, 2019: highlights from the Allied Respiratory Professionals' Assembly. ERJ Open Res 2020; 6:00034-2020. [PMID: 32280669 PMCID: PMC7132037 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00034-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides an overview of outstanding sessions that were (co)organised by the Allied Respiratory Professionals' Assembly during the European Respiratory Society International Congress 2019 in Madrid, Spain. Session content was mainly targeted at allied respiratory professionals such as respiratory physiologists, respiratory physiotherapists and respiratory nurses, and is summarised in this document. Short take-home messages related to pulmonary function testing highlight the importance of quality control. Furthermore, novel findings regarding the assessment of functional status call attention to bodily factors that can affect functional status. Regarding pulmonary rehabilitation, data were presented about the use of equipment and type of exercise training in COPD and lung cancer. Recent developments in physical activity-related research give insight in enablers of physical activity after hospital admission. The importance of integrated respiratory care was also highlighted, with the occupational therapist, nurse, and nutritional and psychological counsellor playing a pivotal role, which relates directly to research in the field of respiratory nursing that formulates the need for more nursing led-interventions in the future. To conclude, this review provides readers with valuable insight into some of the emerging and future areas affecting clinical practice of allied healthcare professionals. A highlights review of selected presentations from #ERSCongress 2019 by @ERS_Assembly9http://bit.ly/2VNFgAj
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Oliveira
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Lab 3R - Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences (ESSUA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Matthew Rutter
- Lung Function Dept, Cambridge University Hospitals, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Juan Carlos Quijano-Campos
- Research and Development, Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Beatriz Herrero-Cortina
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Marco Clari
- Dept of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Aoife O'Rourke
- Respiratory Dept, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Aisling McGowan
- Dept of Respiratory and Sleep Diagnostics, Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown, Ireland
| | - Chris Burtin
- REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Andreja Sajnic
- Dept for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Center Rebro, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jana De Brandt
- REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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14
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Chang SM, Tsai HJ, Tzeng JY, Yeh KW, Chen LC, Lai SH, Liao SL, Hua MC, Tsai MH, Huang JL, Yao TC. Reference equations for spirometry in healthy Asian children aged 5 to 18 years in Taiwan. World Allergy Organ J 2019; 12:100074. [PMID: 31709028 PMCID: PMC6835053 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2019.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective This study aimed to establish reference equations for spirometry in healthy Taiwanese children and assess the applicability of the Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI)-2012 equations to Taiwanese children. Methods Spirometric data collected from 757 healthy Taiwanese children aged 5 to 18 years in a population-based cohort study. Prediction equations derived using linear regression and the generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) method, respectively. Results The GLI-2012 South East Asian equations did not provide a close fit with mean ± standard error z-scores of −0.679 ± 0.030 (FVC), −0.186 ± 0.044 (FEV1), −0.875 ± 0.049 (FEV1/FVC ratio) and −2.189 ± 0.063 (FEF25-75) for girls; and 0.238 ± 0.059, −0.061 ± 0.053, −0.513 ± 0.059 and −1.896 ± 0.077 for boys. The proposed GAMLSS models took age, height, and weight into account. GAMLSS models for boys and girls captured the characteristics of spirometric data in the study population closely in contrast to the linear regression models and the GLI-2012 equations. Conclusion This study provides up-to-date reference values for spirometry using GAMLSS modeling in healthy Taiwanese children aged 5 to 18 years. Our study provides evidence that the GLI-2012 reference equations are not properly matched to spirometric data in a contemporary Taiwanese child population, indicating the urgent need for an update of GLI reference values by inclusion of more data of non-Caucasian decent.
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Key Words
- ATS, American Thoracic Society
- Asian
- BCCG, Box-Cox-Cole-Green
- BCPE, Box-Cox-power-exponential
- BIC, Bayesian information criterion
- Children
- ERS, European Respiratory Society
- FEF25–75, forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of FVC
- FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s
- FVC, forced vital capacity
- GAMLSS, generalized additive models for location, scale and shape
- GLI, Global Lung Function Initiative
- LLN, lower limit of normal
- LMS, Lambda-Mu-Sigma
- MSEs, mean squared errors
- PATCH, Prediction of Allergies in Taiwanese Children
- PEF, peak expiratory flow rate
- Prediction equations
- Pulmonary function
- Reference values
- SD, standard deviation
- Spirometry
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Mao Chang
- Department of Statistics, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Tsai
- Institutes of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Ying Tzeng
- Department of Statistics, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Hao Lai
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Ling Liao
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chin Hua
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Tsai
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Yao
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
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15
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Reddi BAJ, Johnston SD, Bart S, Chan JCY, Finnis M. Abnormal pulmonary function tests are associated with prolonged ventilation and risk of complications following elective cardiac surgery. Anaesth Intensive Care 2019; 47:510-515. [DOI: 10.1177/0310057x19877188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Elective cardiac surgery accounts for a significant proportion of perioperative resource allocation in Australasia. Preoperative pulmonary function testing (PFT) is routinely undertaken in some centres to identify patients who may require prolonged ventilation and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, although there are currently no data supporting this practice. Routine PFT places a burden on respiratory diagnostic laboratories, is inconvenient to patients and may delay surgery. We aimed to identify whether PFT parameters identify patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation after elective cardiac surgery. Adult patients admitted to the Royal Adelaide Hospital ICU following elective cardiac surgery between July 2013 and December 2017 were identified retrospectively from the local ICU database. Preoperative PFT and operative and postoperative outcome data were retrieved from local databases, and multivariable logistic regression was undertaken to identify which PFT variables were associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation. PFT data were available for 835/1139 (73%) elective cardiac surgical cases. The best independent predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation were post-bronchodilator forced vital capacity (FVC) and single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO). Patients with FVC <80% predicted and DLCO <60% predicted had an odds ratio for prolonged postoperative ventilation of 7.5 (95% confidence intervals 3.6–15.6; P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve derived from this model was 0.68. Abnormal PFT results were associated with prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation. A PFT-based prediction tool does not accurately predict individual patient outcome but identifies a cohort of patients at higher risk of requiring prolonged ventilation, potentially informing ICU resource allocation and surgical planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin AJ Reddi
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Mark Finnis
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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16
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Holt NR, Thompson BR, Miller B, Borg BM. Substantial variation exists in spirometry interpretation practices for airflow obstruction in accredited lung function laboratories across Australia and New Zealand. Intern Med J 2019; 49:41-47. [PMID: 30043534 DOI: 10.1111/imj.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spirometry forms the foundation investigation for the diagnosis and monitoring of common pulmonary conditions. However, potential variation in spirometry interpretation for airflow obstruction may impact subsequent clinical management. AIM To audit spirometry interpretation practices for airflow obstruction in Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand accredited laboratories. METHODS Thirty-nine accredited complex lung function laboratories were invited to participate in an online survey. The survey enquired about demographics, definition of lower limit of normal range for spirometry parameters, spirometric parameters used for identifying airflow obstruction, spirometric definition of airflow obstruction, definition of significant bronchodilator response and chosen spirometry reference equations. RESULTS Thirty-six laboratories provided complete responses (response rate, 92%). To define the lower limit of normal, 26 of 36 used the 5th percentile, 7 of 36 used a fixed cut-off and 3 used other. Twenty-nine laboratories utilised forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV1 /FVC) as the sole parameter to identify airflow obstruction, 3 of 36 used FEV1 /FVC and FEF25-75% , and 4 used other. To define airflow obstruction, 25 of 36 laboratories used FEV1 /FVC < 5th percentile, 9 of 36 used a fixed cut-off (FEV1 /FVC < 0.7, 6/36; FEV1 /FVC < 0.8, 2/36; FEV1 /FVC < 0.75, 1/36) and 2 of 36 used other. Twenty-six laboratories defined a significant bronchodilator response as an increase of at least 200 mL and 12% in FEV1 and/or FVC, 9 of 36 used ≥200 mL and ≥ 12% increase in FEV1 only, and 1 used other criteria. Reference equations utilised for interpretation of spirometry data included: Quanjer 2012 Global Lung Initiative (16/36), the third National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (8/36), European Community of Coal and Steel (8/36) and other (4/36). CONCLUSIONS Significant heterogeneity in spirometry interpretation for airflow obstruction exists across Australian and New Zealand accredited lung function laboratories. Lack of standardisation may translate into clinically appreciable differences for the diagnosis and management of common respiratory conditions. Ongoing discussion regarding formal standardisation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolette R Holt
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce R Thompson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda Miller
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brigitte M Borg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Kamanga BM, Kayembe JMN, Nkiama CE, Kayembe PK, Kikontwe LK, Lenga Nkoy MJ. [Spirometric reference values in the Bantu population aged 20-70 years in Kinshasa]. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 33:295. [PMID: 31692843 PMCID: PMC6815496 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.295.16843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Spirometric reference values cannot be extrapolated in the populations, being subject to many environmental and human variables; hence the interest of local studies in this field. METHODS This study aims to determine the reference values among healthy adults in Kinshasa. We conducted a cross-sectional study including 7443 subjects (3208 women, 43%). FEV1, FVC, PEF were correlated with anthropometric data. Five age groups were formed and comparisons were made on the basis of sex, age, BMI and of the practice of sporting activity. RESULTS Differences are evident between the sexes, in terms of FEV1 (3.00 vs 2.21 L), FVC (3.19 vs 2.38) and the PEF (6.8 vs 5.70 L/s); same as for the outer age categories. FEV1 ranged between 2.33 et 4.54 vs 1.93-3.3 L in the age group 20-29 years and 1,76-3,39 vs 1,60 vs 2,53 L in the age group 60-70 years; FVC ranged between 2,44-4,89 vs 1,96-3,56 L and 1,79-3,78 vs 1,66-2,74 L ; PEF ranged between 4,34-12.2 vs 3,62-8.58 L/s and 2.99-6.76 vs 2.99-7.34L/s in the age group 60-70 years. CONCLUSION The differences related to gender, age, anthropometric data as well as to the practice of sporting activity are obvious. These results warrant further and more extended investigations and show the relevance of values based on percentiles in the determinantion of a spirometry standard in a given population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boniface Muamba Kamanga
- Unité Cardio-respiratoire, Département de Médecine Physique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Jean Marie Ntumba Kayembe
- Service de Pneumologie, Département de Médecine Interne, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Constant Ekisawa Nkiama
- Unité Cardio-respiratoire, Département de Médecine Physique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Patrick Kalambayi Kayembe
- Ecole de santé publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Louise Kalabo Kikontwe
- Unité Cardio-respiratoire, Département de Médecine Physique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Marie Jeanne Lenga Nkoy
- Unité Cardio-respiratoire, Département de Médecine Physique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
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18
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Ntima N, Lumb A. Pulmonary function tests in anaesthetic practice. BJA Educ 2019; 19:206-211. [PMID: 33456892 PMCID: PMC7807994 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjae.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N.O. Ntima
- St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - A.B. Lumb
- St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
- University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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19
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Rocha V, Soares S, Stringhini S, Fraga S. Socioeconomic circumstances and respiratory function from childhood to early adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e027528. [PMID: 31227536 PMCID: PMC6597002 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances in early life have the potential to impact lung function. Thus, this study aimed to summarise evidence on the association between socioeconomic circumstances and respiratory function from childhood to young adulthood. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines, Medline, ISI-Web of Science and Scopus were searched from inception up to January 2018. Original studies on the association between socioeconomic circumstances and respiratory function in early ages (ie, participants younger than 25 years of age) were investigated. Two investigators independently evaluated articles, applied the exclusion criteria, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A meta-analysis of the standardised mean difference and 95% CI in respiratory function between participants from different socioeconomic circumstances was conducted, using a random-effects model. RESULTS Thirty-three papers were included in this review and 23 showed that disadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances were significantly associated with reduced respiratory function. The meta-analysis including seven papers showed a significant difference of -0.31 (95% CI -0.42 to -0.21) litres in forced expiratory volume in the first second between children, adolescents and young adults from disadvantaged versus advantaged socioeconomic circumstances. Specifically a difference of -0.31 (95% CI -0.51 to -0.10) litres in girls and -0.43 (95% CI -0.51 to -0.35) litres in boys was observed. CONCLUSIONS Children, adolescents and young adults from disadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances had lower respiratory function, and boys presented higher respiratory health inequalities. This information contributes to explain the social patterning of respiratory diseases, and might enable health policy makers to tackle respiratory health inequalities at early ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Rocha
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Soares
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Silvia Stringhini
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Population Epidemiology Unit, Primary Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sílvia Fraga
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Universidade do Porto Faculdade de Medicina, Porto, Portugal
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20
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Burton K, Morris NR, Reid D, Smith D, Kuys S. Increased physical activity post-exacerbation is associated with decreased systemic inflammation in cystic fibrosis - An observational study. Physiother Theory Pract 2019; 36:1457-1465. [PMID: 30686137 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2019.1566942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective: We assessed whether measured physical activity in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) following in-hospital treatment for an acute exacerbation was impacted by levels of systemic and airway inflammation, and whether physical activity post-discharge predicted for time to next pulmonary exacerbation. Methods: Adults with CF were included following hospitalization for a pulmonary exacerbation, and were followed for 12 months. Inflammatory markers and physical activity were measured immediately post-discharge via sputum and plasma concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Physical activity was monitored for 7 days via a Sensewear Armband. Statistical analyses included Shapiro-Wilk's test and Q-Q plots to determine normal distribution, t-tests, Pearson's correlational analyses, and one-way MANOVAs. Results: Thirty-one adults with CF (13 females, 28.8 ± 8.8 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 59.4 ± 23.0% predicted) were prospectively recruited. Physical activity negatively correlated with plasma inflammation (r = -0.48, p < 0.01), and positively with FEV1 (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) and body mass index (r = 0.39, p < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between time to re-exacerbation and any inflammatory markers or measurement of physical activity (all p > 0.05). Conclusion: Increased physical activity following exacerbation in CF is associated with lower levels of systemic inflammation. Time to re-exacerbation is not related to post-discharge inflammation or physical activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Burton
- Menzies Health Institute School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University , Southport, QLD, Australia.,Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital , Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Physiotherapy Department, Logan Hospital, Metro South Hospital & Health Service , Meadowbrook, QLD, Australia
| | - Norman R Morris
- Menzies Health Institute School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University , Southport, QLD, Australia.,Allied Health Research Collaborative, The Prince Charles Hospital , Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David Reid
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital , Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Lung Inflammation & Infection Team, QIMR-Berghofer Institute of Medical Research , Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel Smith
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital , Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Suzanne Kuys
- Menzies Health Institute School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University , Southport, QLD, Australia.,School of Physiotherapy, Australian Catholic University , Banyo, QLD, Australia
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21
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Sharan RV, Abeyratne UR, Swarnkar VR, Claxton S, Hukins C, Porter P. Predicting spirometry readings using cough sound features and regression. Physiol Meas 2018; 39:095001. [PMID: 30091716 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aad948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spirometry is a commonly used method of measuring lung function. It is useful in the definitive diagnosis of diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, spirometry requires cooperative patients, experienced staff, and repeated testing to ensure the consistency of measurements. There is discomfort associated with spirometry and some patients are not able to complete the test. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of using cough sound analysis for the prediction of spirometry measurements. APPROACH Our approach is based on the premise that the mechanism of cough generation and the forced expiratory maneuver of spirometry share sufficient similarities enabling this prediction. Using an iPhone, we collected mostly voluntary cough sounds from 322 adults presenting to a respiratory function laboratory for pulmonary function testing. Subjects had the following diagnoses: obstructive, restrictive, or mixed pattern diseases, or were found to have no lung disease along with normal spirometry. The cough sounds were automatically segmented using the algorithm described in Sharan et al (2018 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.). We then represented cough sounds with various cough sound descriptors and built linear and nonlinear regression models connecting them to spirometry parameters. Augmentation of cough features with subject demographic data is also experimented with. The dataset was divided into 272 training subjects and 50 test subjects for experimentation. MAIN RESULTS The performance of the auto-segmentation algorithm was evaluated on 49 randomly selected subjects from the overall dataset with a sensitivity and PPV of 84.95% and 98.51%, respectively. Our regression models achieved a root mean square error (and correlation coefficient) for standard spirometry parameters FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC of 0.593L (0.810), 0.725L (0.749), and 0.164 (0.547), respectively, on the test dataset. In addition, we could achieve sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 70% or higher by applying the GOLD standard for COPD diagnosis on the estimated spirometry test results. SIGNIFICANCE The experimental results show high positive correlation in predicting FEV1 and FVC and moderate positive correlation in predicting FEV1/FVC. The results show possibility of predicting spirometry results using cough sound analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roneel V Sharan
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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22
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Lu Y, Zheng J, Liu C, Ai T, Wang N, Meng N, Li S, Luo R, Ren X, Jiang W, Gao Y, Hao C. Peak expiratory flow among healthy children aged 5-14 years in China. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:1377-1385. [PMID: 29707287 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.02.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Guidelines of the Global Initiative for Asthma recommend the use of peak expiratory flow (PEF) in the assessment and management of patients with asthma. However, normal PEF values for Chinese children have not been thoroughly investigated. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 3,169 healthy children aged 5-14 years from research centers in five cities of China: Guangzhou, Suzhou, Chengdu, Xi'an, and Beijing. We established pediatric reference values for PEF using a mini peak flow meter. PEF values recorded by the mini peak flow meter were compared with those obtained using a spirometer. Results Height was the biometric variable with greatest correlation to PEF for both sexes. Significant differences were noted between males and females. The regression equation for boys was calculated as PEF =4.39× height (cm) -300.48 (R2 =0.76, P<0.001); for girls, this equation was PEF =4.13× height (cm) -278.04 (R2 =0.72, P<0.001). PEF values for Chinese children according to age were close to those of Irish, Turkish, and British children but were lower than those of children in Greece; PEF values according to height were similar to those of Turkish and Danish children but lower than values for children in Ireland. Conclusions We established normal PEF values and developed predictive equations using linear regression analysis for Chinese children aged 5-14 years, while Greece and Ireland references were inappropriate for Chinese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Jinping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Chuanhe Liu
- Centre for Asthma Prevention and Education, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Tao Ai
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Chengdu Women & Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Ning Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, Luzhi People's Hospital, Suzhou 215127, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Centre for Asthma Prevention and Education, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ronghua Luo
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Chengdu Women & Children's Central Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaomei Ren
- Department of Respiration Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - Wujun Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Yi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Chuangli Hao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
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23
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Minsky RC, Castilho T, Meira RRS, Bobbio TG, Schivinski CIS. Relationship between oral habits and spirometry maneuvers, in children. REVISTA CEFAC 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0216201820110517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze whether deleterious oral habits can influence the number of attempts of forced spirometry maneuvers performed by healthy children. Methods: this observational and cross-sectional analytical study included 149 healthy children aged 6-12 years attending public and private schools in Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. A validated protocol was applied for the analysis of deleterious oral habits. The children were grouped according to the number of spirometry maneuvers needed to achieve successful spirometry results, as follows: G1) children who needed 3 maneuvers; G2) 4 maneuvers; G3) 5-8 maneuvers. Data were analyzed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare quantitative variables between the groups. The Chi-square test was used to assess the association between the groups and qualitative variables. Results: there was no association between the number of attempts and the qualitative variables evaluated by the protocol. There was also no difference between the groups regarding quantitative variables for breastfeeding time, breastfeeding occurrence, use of pacifiers, and thumb sucking. Conclusion: the presence of DOH did not influence the number of forced spirometry maneuvers, performed by the healthy children in this study.
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24
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Culver BH, Graham BL, Coates AL, Wanger J, Berry CE, Clarke PK, Hallstrand TS, Hankinson JL, Kaminsky DA, MacIntyre NR, McCormack MC, Rosenfeld M, Stanojevic S, Weiner DJ. Recommendations for a Standardized Pulmonary Function Report. An Official American Thoracic Society Technical Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:1463-1472. [PMID: 29192835 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201710-1981st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Thoracic Society committee on Proficiency Standards for Pulmonary Function Laboratories has recognized the need for a standardized reporting format for pulmonary function tests. Although prior documents have offered guidance on the reporting of test data, there is considerable variability in how these results are presented to end users, leading to potential confusion and miscommunication. METHODS A project task force, consisting of the committee as a whole, was approved to develop a new Technical Standard on reporting pulmonary function test results. Three working groups addressed the presentation format, the reference data supporting interpretation of results, and a system for grading quality of test efforts. Each group reviewed relevant literature and wrote drafts that were merged into the final document. RESULTS This document presents a reporting format in test-specific units for spirometry, lung volumes, and diffusing capacity that can be assembled into a report appropriate for a laboratory's practice. Recommended reference sources are updated with data for spirometry and diffusing capacity published since prior documents. A grading system is presented to encourage uniformity in the important function of test quality assessment. CONCLUSIONS The committee believes that wide adoption of these formats and their underlying principles by equipment manufacturers and pulmonary function laboratories can improve the interpretation, communication, and understanding of test results.
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25
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Swanney MP, O'Dea CA, Ingram ER, Rodwell LT, Borg BM. Spirometry training courses: Content, delivery and assessment - a position statement from the Australian and New Zealand Society of Respiratory Science. Respirology 2017; 22:1430-1435. [PMID: 28681980 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Spirometry training courses are provided by health services and training organizations to enable widespread use of spirometry testing for patient care or for monitoring health. The primary outcome of spirometry training courses should be to enable participants to perform spirometry to international best practice, including testing of subjects, quality assurance and interpretation of results. Where valid results are not achieved or quality assurance programmes identify errors in devices, participants need to be able to adequately manage these issues in accordance with best practice. It is important that potential participants are confident in the integrity of the course they attend and that the course meets their expectations in terms of training. This position statement lists the content that the Australian and New Zealand Society of Respiratory Science (ANZSRS) has identified as required in a spirometry training course to adequately meet the primary outcomes mentioned above. The content requirements outlined in this position statement are based on the current international spirometry standards set out by the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society. Furthermore, recommendations around course delivery for theoretical and practical elements of spirometry testing and post-course assessment are outlined in this statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen P Swanney
- Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Christopher A O'Dea
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Emily R Ingram
- Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Leanne T Rodwell
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brigitte M Borg
- Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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26
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Zhang J, Hu X, Shan G. Spirometry reference values for population aged 7-80 years in China. Respirology 2017; 22:1630-1636. [PMID: 28681568 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Lung function tests are widely used in clinical and public health practice; however, no valid spirometry reference values were available for the general population in China. This study aimed to provide valid spirometry predictive equations for the general population in China, and to evaluate the predictive performance of previously used equations. METHODS Data from the China National Health Survey 2012-2015 and the 'Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape' statistical modelling method were used to establish spirometry predictive equations for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1 /FVC. Paired t-tests were used to examine differences between spirometry measurements in this sample and predicted values of four previous spirometry predictive equations. RESULTS This study included 3130 lifetime non-smokers (713 males and 2417 females) aged 7-80 years in China. Spirometry predictive equations with age and height as predictive variables plus age-specific splines were established separately by gender. Most previous spirometry predictive equations were found to significantly overestimate (maximum of 3.69% in FEV1 , 1.87% in FVC and 4.19% in FEV1 /FVC for males; 11.46% in FEV1 , 7.28% in FVC and 3.78% in FEV1 /FVC for females) or underestimate (maximum of 5.75% in FEV1 and 8.12% in FVC for males; 7.89% in FEV1 and 9.32% in FVC for females) lung function measurements when applied to this sample population. CONCLUSION This study addressed the urgent need for valid and up-to-date spirometry reference values for the general population in China. Moreover, previous spirometry predictive equations showed unfavourable generalizability to this sample population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhou Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Advanced Professional MPH Program, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Guangliang Shan
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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27
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Jee AS, Corte TJ, Wort SJ, Eves ND, Wainwright CE, Piper A. Year in review 2016: Interstitial lung disease, pulmonary vascular disease, pulmonary function, paediatric lung disease, cystic fibrosis and sleep. Respirology 2017; 22:1022-1034. [PMID: 28544189 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adelle S Jee
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tamera J Corte
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J Wort
- Pulmonary Hypertension Department, Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Neil D Eves
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claire E Wainwright
- School of Medicine, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda Piper
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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