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Kombe Kombe AJ, Fotoohabadi L, Nanduri R, Gerasimova Y, Daskou M, Gain C, Sharma E, Wong M, Kelesidis T. The Role of the Nrf2 Pathway in Airway Tissue Damage Due to Viral Respiratory Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7042. [PMID: 39000157 PMCID: PMC11241721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses constitute a significant cause of illness and death worldwide. Respiratory virus-associated injuries include oxidative stress, ferroptosis, inflammation, pyroptosis, apoptosis, fibrosis, autoimmunity, and vascular injury. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the pathophysiology of viral infection and associated complications. It has thus emerged as a pivotal player in cellular defense mechanisms against such damage. Here, we discuss the impact of Nrf2 activation on airway injuries induced by respiratory viruses, including viruses, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, and respiratory syncytial viruses. The inhibition or deregulation of Nrf2 pathway activation induces airway tissue damage in the presence of viral respiratory infections. In contrast, Nrf2 pathway activation demonstrates protection against tissue and organ injuries. Clinical trials involving Nrf2 agonists are needed to define the effect of Nrf2 therapeutics on airway tissues and organs damaged by viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud John Kombe Kombe
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Leila Fotoohabadi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Ravikanth Nanduri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Yulia Gerasimova
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Maria Daskou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chandrima Gain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eashan Sharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael Wong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Rosario-Rodríguez LJ, Cantres-Rosario YM, Carrasquillo-Carrión K, Rosa-Díaz A, Rodríguez-De Jesús AE, Rivera-Nieves V, Tosado-Rodríguez EL, Méndez LB, Roche-Lima A, Bertrán J, Meléndez LM. Plasma Proteins Associated with COVID-19 Severity in Puerto Rico. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5426. [PMID: 38791465 PMCID: PMC11121485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Viral strains, age, and host factors are associated with variable immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and disease severity. Puerto Ricans have a genetic mixture of races: European, African, and Native American. We hypothesized that unique host proteins/pathways are associated with COVID-19 disease severity in Puerto Rico. Following IRB approval, a total of 95 unvaccinated men and women aged 21-71 years old were recruited in Puerto Rico from 2020-2021. Plasma samples were collected from COVID-19-positive subjects (n = 39) and COVID-19-negative individuals (n = 56) during acute disease. COVID-19-positive individuals were stratified based on symptomatology as follows: mild (n = 18), moderate (n = 13), and severe (n = 8). Quantitative proteomics was performed in plasma samples using tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling. Labeled peptides were subjected to LC/MS/MS and analyzed by Proteome Discoverer (version 2.5), Limma software (version 3.41.15), and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA, version 22.0.2). Cytokines were quantified using a human cytokine array. Proteomics analyses of severely affected COVID-19-positive individuals revealed 58 differentially expressed proteins. Cadherin-13, which participates in synaptogenesis, was downregulated in severe patients and validated by ELISA. Cytokine immunoassay showed that TNF-α levels decreased with disease severity. This study uncovers potential host predictors of COVID-19 severity and new avenues for treatment in Puerto Ricans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lester J. Rosario-Rodríguez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico;
| | - Yadira M. Cantres-Rosario
- Translational Proteomics Center, Research Capacity Core, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (Y.M.C.-R.); (A.E.R.-D.J.)
| | - Kelvin Carrasquillo-Carrión
- Integrated Informatics, Research Capacity Core, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (K.C.-C.); (E.L.T.-R.); (A.R.-L.)
| | - Alexandra Rosa-Díaz
- Interdisciplinary Studies, Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico; (A.R.-D.); (V.R.-N.)
| | - Ana E. Rodríguez-De Jesús
- Translational Proteomics Center, Research Capacity Core, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (Y.M.C.-R.); (A.E.R.-D.J.)
| | - Verónica Rivera-Nieves
- Interdisciplinary Studies, Natural Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico; (A.R.-D.); (V.R.-N.)
| | - Eduardo L. Tosado-Rodríguez
- Integrated Informatics, Research Capacity Core, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (K.C.-C.); (E.L.T.-R.); (A.R.-L.)
| | - Loyda B. Méndez
- Department of Science & Technology, Ana G. Mendez University, Carolina 00928, Puerto Rico;
| | - Abiel Roche-Lima
- Integrated Informatics, Research Capacity Core, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (K.C.-C.); (E.L.T.-R.); (A.R.-L.)
| | - Jorge Bertrán
- Infectious Diseases, Auxilio Mutuo Hospital, San Juan 00919, Puerto Rico;
| | - Loyda M. Meléndez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico;
- Translational Proteomics Center, Research Capacity Core, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (Y.M.C.-R.); (A.E.R.-D.J.)
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3
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Xu Y, Lv L, Wang Q, Yao Q, Kou L, Zhang H. Emerging application of nanomedicine-based therapy in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 237:113869. [PMID: 38522285 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are serious lung injuries caused by various factors, leading to increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary barrier, reduced stability of the alveoli, inflammatory response, and hypoxemia. Despite several decades of research since ARDS was first formally described in 1967, reliable clinical treatment options are still lacking. Currently, supportive therapy and mechanical ventilation are prioritized, and there is no medication that can be completely effective in clinical treatment. In recent years, nanomedicine has developed rapidly and has exciting preclinical treatment capabilities. Using a drug delivery system based on nanobiotechnology, local drugs can be continuously released in lung tissue at therapeutic levels, reducing the frequency of administration and improving patient compliance. Furthermore, this novel drug delivery system can target specific sites and reduce systemic side effects. Currently, many nanomedicine treatment options for ARDS have demonstrated efficacy. This review briefly introduces the pathophysiology of ARDS, discusses various research progress on using nanomedicine to treat ARDS, and anticipates future developments in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitianhe Xu
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leyao Lv
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longfa Kou
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Children's Respiration Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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Wang D, Gao Y, Lai QQ, Wu D, Liu HY, Meng H, Wang XT, Tang YJ, Xu JX, Zhang JN, Liu BW, Zhang JN, Fei DS, Kang K. Dynamic lymphocyte-CRP ratio as a predictor: a single-centre retrospective study on disease severity and progression in adult COVID-19 patients. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605241236278. [PMID: 38483140 DOI: 10.1177/03000605241236278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of dynamic changes in lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) on differentiating disease severity and predicting disease progression in adult patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS This single-centre retrospective study enrolled adult COVID-19 patients categorized into moderate, severe and critical groups according to the Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia (ninth edition). Demographic and clinical data were collected. LCR and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were calculated. Lymphocyte count and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were monitored on up to four occasions. Disease severity was determined concurrently with each LCR measurement. RESULTS This study included 145 patients assigned to moderate (n = 105), severe (n = 33) and critical groups (n = 7). On admission, significant differences were observed among different disease severity groups including age, comorbidities, neutrophil proportion, lymphocyte count and proportion, D-Dimer, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, CRP and SOFA score. Dynamic changes in LCR showed significant differences across different disease severity groups at different times, which were significantly inversely correlated with disease severity of COVID-19, with correlation coefficients of -0.564, -0.548, -0.550 and -0.429 at four different times. CONCLUSION Dynamic changes in LCR can effectively differentiate disease severity and predict disease progression in adult COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qi-Qi Lai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hui-Ying Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Huan Meng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xin-Tong Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Jia Tang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Xi Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Ning Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Bo-Wen Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Fei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Kai Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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5
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Harriott NC, Ryan AL. Proteomic profiling identifies biomarkers of COVID-19 severity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23320. [PMID: 38163173 PMCID: PMC10755324 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection remains a major public health concern, particularly for the aged and those individuals with co-morbidities at risk for developing severe COVID-19. Understanding the pathogenesis and biomarkers associated with responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection remain critical components in developing effective therapeutic approaches, especially in cases of severe and long-COVID-19. In this study blood plasma protein expression was compared in subjects with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 disease. Evaluation of an inflammatory protein panel confirms upregulation of proteins including TNFβ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, already associated with severe cytokine storm and progression to severe COVID-19. Importantly, we identify several proteins not yet associated with COVID-19 disease, including mesothelin (MSLN), that are expressed at significantly higher levels in severe COVID-19 subjects. In addition, we find a subset of markers associated with T-cell and dendritic cell responses to viral infection that are significantly higher in mild cases and decrease in expression as severity of COVID-19 increases, suggesting that an immediate and effective activation of T-cells is critical in modulating disease progression. Together, our findings identify new targets for further investigation as therapeutic approaches for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection and prevention of complications of severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa C. Harriott
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90033, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90033, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City IA 52240, USA
| | - Amy L. Ryan
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90033, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90033, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City IA 52240, USA
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Park JB. Methyl 2-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoylamino]-3-phenylpropanoate Is a Potent Cell-Permeable Anti-Cytokine Compound To Inhibit Inflammatory Cytokines in Monocyte/Macrophage-Like Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 388:181-189. [PMID: 37918857 PMCID: PMC10765419 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are signaling molecules involved in inflammation process. Interleukin (IL)-6 is one of pivotal inflammatory cytokines associated with many human diseases. Therefore, there are on-going efforts to find a therapeutic to inhibit IL-6 and other cytokines. Methyl 2-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoylamino]-3-phenylpropanoate (MHPAP) is a phenolic amide ester, transported better than its non-ester form (NEF) in monocyte/macrophage-like cells. However, there is no information about the effects of their cell permeability on cytokines. Therefore, the effects of MHPAP and NEF on cytokines were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In the THP-1 cells, MHPAP significantly inhibited IL-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (P < 0.05), but NEF showed no effects. MHPAP also inhibited nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) p65 phosphorylation in the THP-1 cells (P < 0.05), without significant effects on c-FOS, ATF-2, and JUN phosphorylations. Because NF-κB p65 is phosphorylated by IκB kinase (IKK), in silico analysis was performed on IKK. MHPAP was found to bind to IKK better than an IKK inhibitor ((E)-2-fluoro-4'-methoxystilbene). Furthermore, MHPAP inhibited the luminescence increased in the LPS-stimulated NF-κB-Luc2 THP-1 cells. As anticipated, MHPAP was also found to inhibit IL-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and TNF-alpha significantly in LPS-stimulated PBMCs (P < 0.05). Especially, MHPAP inhibited IL-6 and IL-1beta with an IC50 of 0.85 and 0.87 µM, better than IL-8 (1.58 µM) and TNF-alpha (1.22 µM) in the cells. Altogether, the data suggest that cell permeability may have a significant impact on MHPAP's ability to inhibit cytokines and MHPAP may be used as a potent cell-permeable compound to inhibit inflammatory cytokines in monocyte/macrophage-like cells. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Potential effects of MHPAP and NEF on inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha) were investigated in LPS-stimulated THP-1 and PBMCs. Cell transport had a great impact on cytokine inhibition in the cells. MHPAP was also found to inhibit NF-κB pathway, which was supported by in silico and NF-κB reporter (Luc)-THP-1 data. Also, in LPS-stimulated PBMCs, MHPAP significantly inhibited IL-6, IL-1beta, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, suggesting that MHPAP may be a potent cell-permeable compound to inhibit inflammatory cytokines in monocyte/macrophage-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae B Park
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland
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Daskou M, Fotooh Abadi L, Gain C, Wong M, Sharma E, Kombe Kombe AJ, Nanduri R, Kelesidis T. The Role of the NRF2 Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Viral Respiratory Infections. Pathogens 2023; 13:39. [PMID: 38251346 PMCID: PMC10819673 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In humans, acute and chronic respiratory infections caused by viruses are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Respiratory viruses infect airway epithelial cells and induce oxidative stress, yet the exact pathogenesis remains unclear. Oxidative stress activates the transcription factor NRF2, which plays a key role in alleviating redox-induced cellular injury. The transcriptional activation of NRF2 has been reported to affect both viral replication and associated inflammation pathways. There is complex bidirectional crosstalk between virus replication and the NRF2 pathway because virus replication directly or indirectly regulates NRF2 expression, and NRF2 activation can reversely hamper viral replication and viral spread across cells and tissues. In this review, we discuss the complex role of the NRF2 pathway in the regulation of the pathogenesis of the main respiratory viruses, including coronaviruses, influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and rhinoviruses. We also summarize the scientific evidence regarding the effects of the known NRF2 agonists that can be utilized to alter the NRF2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Daskou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Leila Fotooh Abadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.F.A.); (R.N.)
| | - Chandrima Gain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael Wong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eashan Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Arnaud John Kombe Kombe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.F.A.); (R.N.)
| | - Ravikanth Nanduri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.F.A.); (R.N.)
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (L.F.A.); (R.N.)
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8
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Kwee KV, Murk JL, Yin Q, Visch MB, Davidson L, de Jong EMGJ, van den Reek JMPA, Tjioe M. Prevalence, risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections in psoriasis patients receiving conventional systemic, biologic or topical treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional cohort study (PsoCOVID). J DERMATOL TREAT 2023; 34:2161297. [PMID: 36545844 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2022.2161297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection does not appear to be increased for psoriasis patients using biologics compared to those on other treatments, but evidence is still limited. OBJECTIVES (1) to estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with psoriasis, (2) to compare SARS-CoV-2 infection rates for different psoriasis treatments groups (biologic vs. systemic conventional vs. topical therapy) corrected for confounders and (3) to describe patients with severe COVID-19 for all treatment groups. METHODS In this cross-sectional cohort study all patients received a questionnaire to gather data on psoriasis treatment, SARS-CoV-2 infections and related risk factors. Simultaneously, they underwent a blood test to screen for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 N-antigen. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections was calculated and logistic regression and Cox proportional-hazards models were performed to determine the association between treatment group and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk, corrected for confounders. Patients with severe COVID-19 disease were described and the mortality rate per treatment group was calculated for the target population. RESULTS Patients were included between April 12 2021 and October 31 2021. Of 551 patients, 59 (10.7% (CI95% 8.3-13.6)) had experienced a SARS-CoV-2 infection, based on questionnaire data combined with serological data. In our study cohort, corrected for confounders, biologic or non-biologic systemic therapy users did not appear to have increased SARS-CoV-2 infection risk compared to patients using other treatment. Only 4 hospitalizations (0.7% (CI95% 0.2-1.0) were reported in our study population and no ICU admissions were reported. The rough mortality rate in the target cohort was 0.32% (CI95% 0.13-0.66) in all treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Corrected for risk-mitigating behavior and vaccination status, a higher SARS-CoV-2 incidence for biologics or non-biologics systemics compared to other treatments could not be proven. Severe cases were infrequent in all treatment groups. This finding further strengthens treatment recommendations that systemic therapies for patients with psoriasis do not require preventive cessation for reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin V Kwee
- Department of Dermatology/DermaTeam Research, Bravis Hospital, Roosendaal, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Luc Murk
- Elisabeth Tweesteden Hospital, Microvida, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Qiqi Yin
- Department of Dermatology/DermaTeam Research, Bravis Hospital, Roosendaal, The Netherlands
| | - M Birgitte Visch
- Department of Dermatology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Davidson
- Independent Infectious Disease specialist, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elke M G J de Jong
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Milan Tjioe
- Department of Dermatology/DermaTeam Research, Bravis Hospital, Roosendaal, The Netherlands
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9
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Zhang W, Tao Y, Zhu Y, Zheng Q, Hu F, Zhu W, Wang J, Ning M. Effect of serum autoantibodies on the COVID-19 patient's prognosis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1259960. [PMID: 38107861 PMCID: PMC10721969 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1259960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Virus infection closely associated with autoimmune disease. The study aimed to explore the autoantibody profiles and the correlation of autoantibodies with the disease severity and the prognosis of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Methods Three hundred thirty-seven hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 6th to 23rd January 2023 were enrolled. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the risk factors for the patient's disease severity and outcome. The association between Anti-extractable nuclear antigen antibody (ENA) positivity and the prognosis of COVID-19 patients was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Results 137 of COVID-19 patients were detected positive for antinuclear antibody (ANA), 61 had positive results for ENA, and 38 were positive for ANA and ENA. ANA positivity rate was higher in non-severe illness group (p = 0.032). COVID-19 patients who died during hospitalization had a high rate of ENA positivity than convalescent patients (p = 0.002). Multivariate logistic regression showed that ANA positivity was a protective factor for the disease severity of COVID-19. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that ENA positivity, white blood cells count (WBC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Creatinine (CREA), and CRP were independent risk factors for the outcome of COVID-19 patients, and that COVID-19 patients with ENA positivity had a lower cumulative survival rate (p = 0.002). Conclusion A spectrum of autoantibodies were expressed in COVID-19 patients, among which ANA and ENA positivity was associated with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19. Therefore, autoantibodies may help to assess the disease severity and prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yijia Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qisi Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fenghua Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingzhe Ning
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Xu Y, Wang N, Shen X, Liu X, Liu H, Liu Y. Persistent lymphocyte reduction and interleukin-6 levels are independently associated with death in patients with COVID-19. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:3719-3728. [PMID: 37310657 PMCID: PMC10261836 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the value of the peripheral blood lymphocyte count (LYM) combined with interleukin-6 (IL-6) in predicting disease severity and prognosis in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia. This was a prospective observational cohort study. A total of 109 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who were admitted to Nanjing First Hospital from December 2022 to January 2023 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups based on disease severity: severe (46 patients) and critically ill (63 patients). The clinical data of all patients were collected. The clinical characteristics, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, peripheral blood lymphocyte count, IL-6 level and other laboratory test results were compared between the two groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of each index for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia severity; patients were regrouped using the optimal cut-off value of the ROC curve, and the relationship between different LYM and IL-6 levels and the prognosis of patients was analysed. Kaplan‒Meier survival curve analysis was performed; in the different LYM and IL-6 groups, the patients were regrouped based on whether thymosin was used, and the effect of thymosin on patient prognosis was compared between the groups. Patients in the critically ill group were significantly older than patients in the severe group (age: 78 ± 8 vs. 71 ± 17, t = 2.982, P < 0.05), and the proportion of patients with hypertension, diabetes and cerebrovascular disease was significantly higher in the critically ill group than in the severe group (69.8% vs. 45.7%, 38.1% vs. 17.4%, 36.5% vs. 13.0%; χ2 values, 6.462, 5.495, 7.496, respectively, all P < 0.05). Compared with the severe group, the critically ill group had a higher SOFA score on admission (score: 5.4 ± 3.0 vs. 1.9 ± 1.5, t = 24.269, P < 0.05); IL-6 and procalcitonin (PCT) in the critically ill group were significantly higher than those in the severe group on the first day of admission [288.4 (191.4, 412.9) vs. 513.0 (288.2, 857.4), 0.4 (0.1, 3.2) vs. 0.1 (0.05, 0.2); Z values, 4.000, 4.456, both P < 0.05]. The lymphocyte count continued to decline, and the lymphocyte count on the 5th day (LYM-5d) was still low (0.6 ± 0.4 vs. 1.0 ± 0.4, t = 4.515, both P < 0.05), with statistically significant differences between the two groups. ROC curve analysis indicated that LYM-5d, IL-6 and LYM-5d + IL-6 all had value for predicting SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia severity; the areas under the curve (AUCs) were 0.766, 0.725, and 0.817, respectively, and the 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were 0.676-0.856, 0.631-0.819, and 0.737-0.897, respectively. The optimal cut-off values for LYM-5d and IL-6 were 0.7 × 109/L and 416.4 pg/ml, respectively. LYM-5d + IL-6 had the greatest value in predicting disease severity, and LYM-5d had higher sensitivity and specificity in predicting SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia severity. Regrouping was performed based on the optimal cut-off values for LYM-5d and IL-6. Comparing the IL-6 ≥ 416.4 pg/ml and LYM-5d < 0.7 × 109/L group with the other group, i.e., patients in the non-low-LYM-5d and high-IL-6 group, patients in the low-LYM-5d and high-IL-6 group had a higher 28-day mortality rate (71.9% vs. 29.9%, χ2 value 16.352, P < 0.05) and a longer hospital stay, intensive care unit (ICU) stay and mechanical ventilation time (days: 13.7 ± 6.3 vs. 8.4 ± 4.3, 9.0 (7.0, 11.5) vs. 7.5 (4.0, 9.5), 8.0 (6.0, 10.0) vs. 6.0 (3.3, 8.5); t/Z values, 11.657, 2.113, 2.553, respectively, all P < 0.05), as well as a higher incidence of secondary bacterial infection during the disease course (75.0% vs. 41.6%, χ2 value 10.120, P < 0.05). Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis indicated that the median survival time of patients in the low LYM-5d and high-IL-6 group was significantly shorter than that of patients in the non-low LYM-5d and high-IL-6 group (14.5 ± 1.8 d vs. 22.2 ± 1.1 d, Z value 18.086, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the curative effect between the thymosin group and the nonthymosin group. LYM and IL-6 levels are closely related to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia severity. The prognosis for patients with IL-6 ≥ 416.4 pg/ml at admission and a lymphocyte count < 0.7 × 10 9/L on the 5th day is poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianci Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Li Q, Wang Y, Liu H, Peng H, Xiang J, Guo S. Imaging Progression Under Low Respiratory Viral Load of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Infection: A Retrospective Study in China. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:6795-6806. [PMID: 37904829 PMCID: PMC10613413 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s417062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the computed tomography (CT) findings of SARs-CoV-2 Omicron variant in relation to respiratory viral loads determined by cycle threshold values in reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Materials and Methods From October 2022 to November 2022, 74 hospitalized patients with Omicron were included in this retrospective study. The radiological features, CT involvement scores in relation to the respiratory viral load, and factors associated with imaging progression (IP) after the RT-PCR results turned negative were analyzed. Results The most common CT patterns of Omicron were multiple round-like or patchy ground-glass opacity (GGO) or mixed GGO in the peripheral or diffuse areas. The grading of CT involvement scores exhibited an inverse pattern compared to viral loads from day 1 to day 8 and from day 13 to day 20 after diagnosis. Among the 65 patients with complete imaging data, 45 (69.23%) showed IP with clinical warning indicators of disease exacerbation negative in 34 and positive in 11. Patients with IP were older than those with non-IP (NIP); the erythrocyte sedimentation rates, procalcitonin levels, and D-dimer levels on admission of patients with IP were significantly higher than those of patients with NIP, whereas the immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibody level on admission and CT involvement score on initial CT of patients with IP were significantly lower than those of patients with NIP (all P < 0.05). Conclusion For patients with Omicron, the IP of lung abnormalities is common when the viral load decreases. Under these circumstances, paying attention to clinical warming indicators of disease progression may contribute to better patient management and the mitigation of severe pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongli Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huawen Liu
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hailang Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianglin Xiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Du T, Gao C, Lu S, Liu Q, Yang Y, Yu W, Li W, Qiao Sun Y, Tang C, Wang J, Gao J, Zhang Y, Luo F, Yang Y, Yang YG, Peng X. Differential Transcriptomic Landscapes of SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Multiple Organs from Infected Rhesus Macaques. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 21:1014-1029. [PMID: 37451436 PMCID: PMC10928377 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has resulted in millions of deaths worldwide and brought an enormous public health and global economic burden. The recurring global wave of infections has been exacerbated by growing variants of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, the virological characteristics of the original SARS-CoV-2 strain and its variants of concern (VOCs; including Alpha, Beta, and Delta) in vitro, as well as differential transcriptomic landscapes in multiple organs (lung, right ventricle, blood, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum) from the infected rhesus macaques, were elucidated. The original strain of SARS-CoV-2 caused a stronger innate immune response in host cells, and its VOCs markedly increased the levels of subgenomic RNAs, such as N, Orf9b, Orf6, and Orf7ab, which are known as the innate immune antagonists and the inhibitors of antiviral factors. Intriguingly, the original SARS-CoV-2 strain and Alpha variant induced larger alteration of RNA abundance in tissues of rhesus monkeys than Beta and Delta variants did. Moreover, a hyperinflammatory state and active immune response were shown in the right ventricles of rhesus monkeys by the up-regulation of inflammation- and immune-related RNAs. Furthermore, peripheral blood may mediate signaling transmission among tissues to coordinate the molecular changes in the infected individuals. Collectively, these data provide insights into the pathogenesis of COVID-19 at the early stage of infection by the original SARS-CoV-2 strain and its VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfu Du
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Chunchun Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuaiyao Lu
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Qianlan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Yang
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Wenhai Yu
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yong Qiao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cong Tang
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Junbin Wang
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Jiahong Gao
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Fangyu Luo
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Ying Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Yun-Gui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, College of Future Technology, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xiaozhong Peng
- National Kunming High-level Biosafety Primate Research Center, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Primate Research Center, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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13
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Tang SW, Helmeste DM, Leonard BE. COVID-19 as a polymorphic inflammatory spectrum of diseases: a review with focus on the brain. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2023; 35:248-269. [PMID: 36861428 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
There appear to be huge variations and aberrations in the reported data in COVID-19 2 years now into the pandemic. Conflicting data exist at almost every level and also in the reported epidemiological statistics across different regions. It is becoming clear that COVID-19 is a polymorphic inflammatory spectrum of diseases, and there is a wide range of inflammation-related pathology and symptoms in those infected with the virus. The host's inflammatory response to COVID-19 appears to be determined by genetics, age, immune status, health status and stage of disease. The interplay of these factors may decide the magnitude, duration, types of pathology, symptoms and prognosis in the spectrum of COVID-19 disorders, and whether neuropsychiatric disorders continue to be significant. Early and successful management of inflammation reduces morbidity and mortality in all stages of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Wa Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daiga Maret Helmeste
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian E Leonard
- Institute of Brain Medicine, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Wang Z, Wang C, Fei X, Wu H, Niu P, Shen C. Thymalfasin therapy accelerates COVID-19 pneumonia rehabilitation through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Pneumonia (Nathan) 2023; 15:14. [PMID: 37743481 PMCID: PMC10518946 DOI: 10.1186/s41479-023-00116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thymosin drugs are commonly used for the treatment of viral infections due to their immunomodulatory effects. The comprehensive clinical efficacy of Thymalfasin therapy for COVID-19 associated pneumonia is not yet fully researched, another issue, whether the use of thymosin drugs can reduce the rate of COVID-19 progression to severe pneumonia has not been well documented. The aim of the present study was to multi-angle evaluate the clinical efficacy of Thymalfasin therapy for COVID-19 pneumonia by retrospective review of the clinical data of 338 inpatients with common COVID-19 infection who received treatment in our hospital. METHODS The primary index of observation was whether progression to severe pneumonia occurred within a week after admission, and the secondary indexes were the length of hospital stay, time of negative conversion of COVID-19 antigen, the number of peripheral lymphocytes and white blood cells (WBC), and C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels,and the control of pneumonia related symptoms, for example, fever, listlessness, inflammatory exudate area shown on lung CT (%). RESULTS The length of hospital stay of patients in Thymalfasin group was significantly shorter than that of patients in the control group (p < 0.01). The proportion of relief of pneumonia related symptoms (fever, fatigue) in the Thymalfasin therapy group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the inflammatory exudate area shown on CT was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the use of Thymalfasin was an independent protective factor affecting the progression to severe pneumonia. Multifactorial Cox model analysis indicated that negative conversion of COVID-19 antigen was significantly faster in patients using Thymalfasin and younger patients. CONCLUSION Thymalfasin therapy has shown excellent clinical efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia, it can reduce inflammatory reactions, promote the relief of COVID-19 pneumonia related symptoms such as fever and fatigue, facilitate effusion absorption, and accelerate COVID-19 pneumonia recovery. Thymalfasin can prevent progression of common COVID-19 infection to severe pneumonia via multiple immunity-enhancing and anti-inflammatory protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirui Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the Fifth People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, 215211, JS, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the Fifth People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, 215211, JS, China
| | - Xiaohua Fei
- Information Centre, the Fifth People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, 215211, JS, China
| | - Haixing Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fifth People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, 215211, JS, China
| | - Peiqin Niu
- Department of Medical Record Statistics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Changxing Shen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072, Shanghai, China.
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Ivanov SM, Tarasova OA, Poroikov VV. Transcriptome-based analysis of human peripheral blood reveals regulators of immune response in different viral infections. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199482. [PMID: 37795081 PMCID: PMC10546413 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There are difficulties in creating direct antiviral drugs for all viruses, including new, suddenly arising infections, such as COVID-19. Therefore, pathogenesis-directed therapy is often necessary to treat severe viral infections and comorbidities associated with them. Despite significant differences in the etiopathogenesis of viral diseases, in general, they are associated with significant dysfunction of the immune system. Study of common mechanisms of immune dysfunction caused by different viral infections can help develop novel therapeutic strategies to combat infections and associated comorbidities. Methods To identify common mechanisms of immune functions disruption during infection by nine different viruses (cytomegalovirus, Ebstein-Barr virus, human T-cell leukemia virus type 1, Hepatitis B and C viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, Dengue virus, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2), we analyzed the corresponding transcription profiles from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using the originally developed pipeline that include transcriptome data collection, processing, normalization, analysis and search for master regulators of several viral infections. The ten datasets containing transcription data from patients infected by nine viruses and healthy people were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. The analysis of the data was performed by Genome Enhancer pipeline. Results We revealed common pathways, cellular processes, and master regulators for studied viral infections. We found that all nine viral infections cause immune activation, exhaustion, cell proliferation disruption, and increased susceptibility to apoptosis. Using network analysis, we identified PBMC receptors, representing proteins at the top of signaling pathways that may be responsible for the observed transcriptional changes and maintain the current functional state of cells. Discussion The identified relationships between some of them and virus-induced alteration of immune functions are new and have not been found earlier, e.g., receptors for autocrine motility factor, insulin, prolactin, angiotensin II, and immunoglobulin epsilon. Modulation of the identified receptors can be investigated as one of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of severe viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey M. Ivanov
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Bioinformatics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A. Tarasova
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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Li H, Yang W, Li H, Bai X, Zhang H, Fan W, Liu W, Sun L. PROTAC targeting cyclophilin A controls virus-induced cytokine storm. iScience 2023; 26:107535. [PMID: 37636080 PMCID: PMC10448112 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine storms caused by viruses are associated with elevated cytokine levels and uncontrolled inflammatory responses that can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Current antiviral therapies are not sufficient to prevent or treat these complications. Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a key factor that regulates the production of multiple cytokines and could be a potential therapeutic target for cytokine storms. Here, three proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) targeting CypA were designed. These PROTACs bind to CypA, enhance its ubiquitination, and promote its degradation in both cell lines and mouse organs. During influenza B virus (IBV) infection, PROTAC-mediated CypA depletion reduces P65 phosphorylation and NF-κB-mediated proinflammatory cytokine production in A549 cells. Moreover, Comp-K targeting CypA suppresses excessive secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, reduces lung injury, and enhances survival rates of IBV-infected mice. Collectively, we provide PROTACs targeting CypA, which are potential candidates for the control of cytokine storms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqiao Li
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenxian Yang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huizi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Bai
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - He Zhang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Wenhui Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Li J, Guo S, Tan Y, Zhang J, Wu Z, Stalin A, Zhang F, Huang Z, Wu C, Liu X, Huang J, Wu J. Integrated network pharmacology analysis and in vitro validation revealed the underlying mechanism of Xiyanping injection in treating coronavirus disease 2019. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34866. [PMID: 37653800 PMCID: PMC10470725 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide, leading to a pandemic. In China, Xiyanping injection (XYP) has been recommended as a drug for COVID-19 treatment in the Guideline on Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19 by the National Health Commission of the People Republic of China and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Trial eighth Edition). However, the relevant mechanisms at the molecular-level need to be further elucidated. METHODS In this study, XYP related active ingredients, potential targets and COVID-19 related genes were searched in public databases. Protein-protein interaction network and module analyzes were used to screen for key targets. gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes were performed to investigate the potentially relevant signaling pathways. Molecular docking was performed using Autodock Tools and Vina. For the validation of potential mechanism, PolyI:C was used to induce human lung epithelial cells for an inflammation model. Subsequently, CCK-8 assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were employed to determine the effect of XYP on the expression of key genes. RESULTS Seven effective active ingredients in XYP were searched for 123 targets in the relevant databases. Furthermore, 6446 COVID-19 disease targets were identified. Sodium 9-dehydro-17-hydro-andrographolide-19-yl sulfate was identified as the vital active compounds, and IL-6, TNF, IL-1β, CXCL8, STAT3, MAPK1, MAPK14, and MAPK8 were considered as the key targets. In addition, molecular docking revealed that the active compound and the targets showed good binding affinities. The enrichment analysis predicted that the XYP could regulate the IL-17, Toll-like receptor, PI3K-Akt and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Consistently, further in vitro experiments demonstrated that XYP could slow down the cytokine storm in the lung tissue of COVID-19 patients by down-regulating IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, CXCL8, and p-STAT3. CONCLUSION Through effective network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking, this study suggests that XYP contains many effective compounds that may target COVID-19 related signaling pathways. Moreover, the in vitro experiment confirmed that XYP could inhibit the cytokine storm by regulating genes or proteins related to immune and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Li
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Siyu Guo
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Tan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhishan Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Antony Stalin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanqin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinkui Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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18
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Hansen N. Psychiatric Symptoms in Acute and Persisting Forms of COVID-19 Associated with Neural Autoantibodies. Antibodies (Basel) 2023; 12:49. [PMID: 37606433 PMCID: PMC10443296 DOI: 10.3390/antib12030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In this narrative review, we focus on neural autoantibodies in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a consequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 infection and persisting symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome with a psychiatric presentation. (2) Methods: Our methods include using the PubMed database to search for appropriate articles. (3) Results: We first describe the phenomenon of the psychiatric manifestation of COVID-19 in acute and persistent forms, associated with neural autoantibodies, often attributable to encephalopathy or encephalitis. We discuss the spectrum of neural autoantibodies in neuropsychiatric patients affected by COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome. Evidence from our research suggests that it is highly likely that neural autoantibody production is facilitated by SARS-CoV-2 infection, and that more neuropsychiatric patients than control subjects will present neural autoantibodies. (4) Conclusions: These observations support the hypothesis that acute and persisting forms of COVID-19 promote autoimmune diseases. Our patients therefore require comprehensive evaluation to avoid overlooking such autoantibody-associated psychiatric disorders associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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19
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Gashimova NR, Pankratyeva LL, Bitsadze VO, Khizroeva JK, Tretyakova MV, Grigoreva KN, Tsibizova VI, Gris JC, Degtyareva ND, Yakubova FE, Makatsariya AD. Inflammation and Immune Reactions in the Fetus as a Response to COVID-19 in the Mother. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4256. [PMID: 37445296 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Contracting COVID-19 during pregnancy can harm both the mother and the unborn child. Pregnant women are highly likely to develop respiratory viral infection complications with critical conditions caused by physiological changes in the immune and cardiopulmonary systems. Asymptomatic COVID-19 in pregnant women may be accompanied by fetal inflammatory response syndrome, which has adverse consequences for the newborn's life and health. Purpose: To conduct an inflammatory response assessment of the fetus due to the effects of COVID-19 on the mother during pregnancy by determining pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell markers, T regulatory cells, T cell response, evaluation of cardiac function, and thymus size. Materials and methods: A prospective study included pregnant women (n = 92). The main group consisted of 62 pregnant women with COVID-19 infection: subgroup 1-SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive pregnant women 4-6 weeks before delivery (n = 30); subgroup 2-SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive earlier during pregnancy (n = 32). The control group consisted of 30 healthy pregnant women. In all pregnant women, the levels of circulating cytokines and chemokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, GM-CSF, TNF-α, IFN-γ, MIP-1β, and CXCL-10) were determined in the peripheral blood and after delivery in the umbilical cord blood, and an analysis was performed of the cell markers on dendritic cells, quantitative and functional characteristics of T regulatory cells, and specific T cell responses. The levels of thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone were determined in the newborns of the studied groups, and ultrasound examinations of the thymus and echocardiography of the heart were also performed. Results: The cord blood dendritic cells of newborns born to mothers who suffered from COVID-19 4-6 weeks before delivery (subgroup 1) showed a significant increase in CD80 and CD86 expression compared to the control group (p = 0.023). In the umbilical cord blood samples of children whose mothers tested positive for COVID-19 4-6 weeks before delivery (subgroup 1), the CD4+CCR7+ T cells increased with a concomitant decrease in the proportion of naive CD4+ T cells compared with the control group (p = 0.016). Significantly higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were detected in the newborns of subgroup 1 compared to the control group. In the newborns of subgroup 1, the functional activity of T regulatory cells was suppressed, compared with the newborns of the control group (p < 0.001). In all pregnant women with a severe coronavirus infection, a weak T cell response was detected in them as well as in their newborns. In newborns whose mothers suffered a coronavirus infection, a decrease in thymus size, transient hypothyroxinemia, and changes in functional parameters according to echocardiography were revealed compared with the newborns of the control group. Conclusions: Fetal inflammatory response syndrome can occur in infants whose mothers suffered from a COVID-19 infection during pregnancy and is characterized by the activation of the fetal immune system and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The disease severity in a pregnant woman does not correlate with SIRS severity in the neonatal period. It can vary from minimal laboratory parameter changes to the development of complications in the organs and systems of the fetus and newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilufar R Gashimova
- Sechenov University, 2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Liudmila L Pankratyeva
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1 Samory Mashela Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Clinical Research Center, Vorokhobov City Clinical Hospital No 67, 2/44 Salama Adil Str., 123423 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria O Bitsadze
- Sechenov University, 2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Jamilya Kh Khizroeva
- Sechenov University, 2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria V Tretyakova
- Sechenov University, 2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kristina N Grigoreva
- Sechenov University, 2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina I Tsibizova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Almazov National Medical Research Centre", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation 2 Akkuratova Street, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jean-Christophe Gris
- Sechenov University, 2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- University of Montpellier, 163 Rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Natalia D Degtyareva
- Sechenov University, 2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Fidan E Yakubova
- Sechenov University, 2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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20
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Carlini V, Noonan DM, Abdalalem E, Goletti D, Sansone C, Calabrone L, Albini A. The multifaceted nature of IL-10: regulation, role in immunological homeostasis and its relevance to cancer, COVID-19 and post-COVID conditions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161067. [PMID: 37359549 PMCID: PMC10287165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has a fundamental role in modulating inflammation and in maintaining cell homeostasis. It primarily acts as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, protecting the body from an uncontrolled immune response, mostly through the Jak1/Tyk2 and STAT3 signaling pathway. On the other hand, IL-10 can also have immunostimulating functions under certain conditions. Given the pivotal role of IL-10 in immune modulation, this cytokine could have relevant implications in pathologies characterized by hyperinflammatory state, such as cancer, or infectious diseases as in the case of COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 syndrome. Recent evidence proposed IL-10 as a predictor of severity and mortality for patients with acute or post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this context, IL-10 can act as an endogenous danger signal, released by tissues undergoing damage in an attempt to protect the organism from harmful hyperinflammation. Pharmacological strategies aimed to potentiate or restore IL-10 immunomodulatory action may represent novel promising avenues to counteract cytokine storm arising from hyperinflammation and effectively mitigate severe complications. Natural bioactive compounds, derived from terrestrial or marine photosynthetic organisms and able to increase IL-10 expression, could represent a useful prevention strategy to curb inflammation through IL-10 elevation and will be discussed here. However, the multifaceted nature of IL-10 has to be taken into account in the attempts to modulate its levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Carlini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Douglas M. Noonan
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Eslam Abdalalem
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Clementina Sansone
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia, Ecologia e Biotecnologie Marine, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luana Calabrone
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) European Institute of Oncology IEO-, Milan, Italy
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21
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Liu S, Fang X, Zhu R, Zhang J, Wang H, Lei J, Wang C, Wang L, Zhan L. Role of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy in acute lung injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1152336. [PMID: 37266445 PMCID: PMC10231642 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the prime causes of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients, are usually treated by general supportive treatments. Endoplasmic reticulum autophagy (ER-phagy) maintains cellular homeostasis by degrading damaged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) fragments and misfolded proteins. ER-phagy is crucial for maintaining ER homeostasis and improving the internal environment. ER-phagy has a particular role in some aspects, such as immunity, inflammation, cell death, pathogen infection, and collagen quality. In this review, we summarized the definition, epidemiology, and pathophysiology of ALI/ARDS and described the regulatory mechanisms and functions of ER-phagy as well as discussed the potential role of ER-phagy in ALI/ARDS from the perspectives of immunity, inflammation, apoptosis, pathogen infection, and fibrosis to provide a novel and effective target for improving the prognosis of ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiping Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruiyao Zhu
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxi Lei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liying Zhan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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22
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Puccini M, Jakobs K, Reinshagen L, Friebel J, Schencke PA, Ghanbari E, Landmesser U, Haghikia A, Kränkel N, Rauch U. Galectin-3 as a Marker for Increased Thrombogenicity in COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097683. [PMID: 37175392 PMCID: PMC10178107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding lectin involved in inflammation and lung fibrosis and postulated to enhance thrombosis. In COVID-19, it is considered to be a prognostic marker of severity. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether galectin-3 is associated with thrombogenicity in COVID-19. Patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 (COVpos; n = 55) and patients with acute respiratory diseases, but without COVID-19 (COVneg; n = 35), were included in the study. We measured the amount of galectin-3, as well as other platelet and coagulation markers, and correlated galectin-3 levels with these markers of thrombogenicity and with the SOFA Score values. We found that galectin-3 levels, as well as von Willebrand Factor (vWF), antithrombin and tissue plasminogen activator levels, were higher in the COVpos than they were in the COVneg cohort. Galectin-3 correlated positively with vWF, antithrombin and D-dimer in the COVpos cohort, but not in the COVneg cohort. Moreover, galactin-3 correlated also with clinical disease severity, as measured by the SOFA Score. In patients with acute respiratory diseases, galectin-3 can be considered as a marker not only for disease severity, but also for increased hypercoagulability. Whether galectin-3 might be a useful therapeutic target in COVID-19 needs to be assessed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Puccini
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Jakobs
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leander Reinshagen
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Friebel
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp-Alexander Schencke
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Emily Ghanbari
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arash Haghikia
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolle Kränkel
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Rauch
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10178 Berlin, Germany
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23
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Irún P, Gracia R, Piazuelo E, Pardo J, Morte E, Paño JR, Boza J, Carrera-Lasfuentes P, Higuera GA, Lanas A. Serum lipid mediator profiles in COVID-19 patients and lung disease severity: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6497. [PMID: 37081104 PMCID: PMC10118224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33682-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection is highly heterogeneous, ranging from asymptomatic to severe and fatal cases. COVID-19 has been characterized by an increase of serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels which seems to be associated with fatal cases. By contrast, the role of pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), involved in the attenuation of inflammatory responses, has been scarcely investigated, so further studies are needed to understand SPMs metabolism in COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. Our aim was to analyse the lipid mediator metabolome, quantifying pro- and anti-inflammatory serum bioactive lipids by LC-MS/MS in 7 non-infected subjects and 24 COVID-19 patients divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups according to the pulmonary involvement, to better understand the disease outcome and the severity of the pulmonary manifestations. Statistical analysis was performed with the R programming language (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). All COVID-19 patients had increased levels of Prostaglandin E2. Severe patients showed a significant increase versus controls, mild- and moderate-affected patients, expressed as median (interquartile range), in resolvin E1 [112.6 (502.7) vs 0.0 (0.0) pg/ml in the other groups], as well as in maresin 2 [14.5 (7.0) vs 8.1 (4.2), 5.5 (4.3), and 3.0 (4.0) pg/ml, respectively]. Moreover, 14-hydroxy docosahexaenoic acid (14-HDHA) levels were also increased in severe vs control and mild-affected patients [24.7 (38.2) vs 2.4 (2.2) and 3.7 (6.4) ng/mL, respectively]. Resolvin D5 was also significantly elevated in both moderate [15.0 (22.4) pg/ml] and severe patients [24.0 (24.1) pg/ml] versus controls [0.0 (0.0) pg/ml]. These results were confirmed by sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis which highlighted the contribution of these mediators to the separation between each of the groups. In conclusion, the potent inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection involves not only pro- but also anti-inflammatory lipid mediators that can be quantified in easily accessible serum samples, suggesting the need to perform future research on their generation pathways that will help us to discover new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Irún
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Zaragoza, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.
| | | | - Elena Piazuelo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Julián Pardo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología, Medicina Preventiva y Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragón I + D Foundation (ARAID), Government of Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Morte
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Zaragoza, Spain
- Infectious Disease Department, University Hospital Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Ramon Paño
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Zaragoza, Spain
- Infectious Disease Department, University Hospital Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Patricia Carrera-Lasfuentes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Angel Lanas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Service of Digestive Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Psiquiatría y Dermatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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24
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Renata RBN, Arely GRA, Gabriela LMA, Esther MLM. Immunomodulatory Role of Microelements in COVID-19 Outcome: a Relationship with Nutritional Status. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1596-1614. [PMID: 35668151 PMCID: PMC9170122 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infection can activate innate and adaptive immune responses and result in massive inflammatory responses in the disease. A comprehensive understanding of the participation of micronutrients in the immune response to COVID-19 will allow the creation of prevention and supplementation scenarios in malnutrition states. Microelement deficiency can be decisive in the progression of diseases and their optimal levels can act as protective factors, helping to maintain homeostasis. Vitamin A, B, D, selenium, zinc, and copper, through their complementary and synergistic effects, allow the components of innate and adaptive immunity to counteract infections like those occurring in the respiratory tract.Thus, alterations in nutritional status are related to metabolic diseases, systemic inflammation, and deterioration of the immune system that alter the response against viral infections, such as COVID-19. The aim of this review is to describe the micronutrients that play an important role as immunomodulators and its relationship between malnutrition and the development of respiratory infections with an emphasis on severe and critical COVID-19. We conclude that although an unbalanced diet is not the only risk factor that predisposes to COVID-19, a correct and balanced diet, which provides the optimal amount of micronutrients and favors an adequate nutritional status, could confer beneficial effects for prevention and improvement of clinical results. The potential usefulness of micronutrient supplementation in special cases is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roldán-Bretón Nuria Renata
- Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N, Centro Cívico, 21000, Mexicali, Baja California, México
| | - González-Rascón Anna Arely
- Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Baja California, México
| | - Leija-Montoya Ana Gabriela
- Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N, Centro Cívico, 21000, Mexicali, Baja California, México
| | - Mejía-León María Esther
- Facultad de Medicina Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Dr. Humberto Torres Sanginés S/N, Centro Cívico, 21000, Mexicali, Baja California, México.
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Harne R, Williams B, Abdelaal HFM, Baldwin SL, Coler RN. SARS-CoV-2 infection and immune responses. AIMS Microbiol 2023; 9:245-276. [PMID: 37091818 PMCID: PMC10113164 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2023015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to be an enormous global challenge faced by the healthcare sector. Availability of new vaccines and drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 and sequelae of COVID-19 has given the world hope in ending the pandemic. However, the emergence of mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome every couple of months in different parts of world is a persistent danger to public health. Currently there is no single treatment to eradicate the risk of COVID-19. The widespread transmission of SARS-CoV-2 due to the Omicron variant necessitates continued work on the development and implementation of effective vaccines. Moreover, there is evidence that mutations in the receptor domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein led to the decrease in current vaccine efficacy by escaping antibody recognition. Therefore, it is essential to actively identify the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 evades the host immune system, study the long-lasting effects of COVID-19 and develop therapeutics targeting SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans and preclinical models. In this review, we describe the pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as the innate and adaptive host immune responses to infection. We address the ongoing need to develop effective vaccines that provide protection against different variants of SARS-CoV-2, as well as validated endpoint assays to evaluate the immunogenicity of vaccines in the pipeline, medications, anti-viral drug therapies and public health measures, that will be required to successfully end the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Harne
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brittany Williams
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hazem F. M. Abdelaal
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan L. Baldwin
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rhea N. Coler
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Azadeh SS, Esmaeeli Djavid G, Nobari S, Keshmiri Neghab H, Rezvan M. Light-Based Therapy: Novel Approach to Treat COVID-19. TANAFFOS 2023; 22:279-289. [PMID: 38638386 PMCID: PMC11022193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The pandemic outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), is a new viral infection in all countries around the world. An increase in inflammatory cytokines, fever, dry cough, and pneumonia are the main symptoms of COVID-19. A shared of growing clinical evidence confirmed that cytokine storm correlates with COVID-19 severity which is also a crucial cause of death from COVID-19. The success of anti-inflammatory therapies in the recovery process of COVID-19 patients has been well established. Over the years, phototherapy (PhT) has been identified as a promising non-invasive treatment approach for inflammatory conditions. New evidence suggests that PhT as an anti-inflammatory therapy may be effective in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and COVID-19. This review aims to a comprehensive overview of the direct and indirect effects of anti-inflammatory mechanisms of PhT in ARDS and COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Sara Azadeh
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sima Nobari
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hoda Keshmiri Neghab
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Rezvan
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Long X, Xie J, Ren L, Yu G, Liu E, Deng Y, Long X. IL-17A plays a critical role in RSV infection in children and mice. Virol J 2023; 20:30. [PMID: 36793128 PMCID: PMC9930016 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-01990-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-17A is a pleiotropic cytokine and intimately associated with asthma, but its role in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is conflicting in the literature. METHODS Children hospitalized in the respiratory department with RSV infection during RSV pandemic season of 2018-2020 were included. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected for pathogen and cytokines determination. In the murine model, RSV intranasal administrations were performed in wild-type and IL-17A-/- mice. Leukocytes and cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung histopathology, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were measured. RORγt mRNA and IL-23R mRNA were semi-quantified by qPCR. RESULTS IL-17A increased significantly in RSV-infected children and was positively associated with pneumonia severity. In the murine model, IL-17A significantly increased in BALF of mice with RSV infection. Airway inflammation, lung tissue damage and AHR were significantly alleviated in wild-type mice following IL-17A neutralization and in the IL-17A-/- mice. IL-17A decreased by removing CD4+ T cells but increased by depleting CD8+ T cells. IL-6, IL-21, RORγt mRNA and IL-23R mRNA dramatically increased in parallel with the rise of IL-17A. CONCLUSIONS IL-17A contributes to the airway dysfunctions induced by RSV in children and murine. CD3+CD4+T cells are its major cellular sources and the IL-6/IL-21-IL-23R-RORγt signaling pathway might participate in its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Long
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyuan Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Enmei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No.136, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoru Long
- Department of Infection, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.
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Effects of Tocilizumab on Inflammation and Iron Metabolism in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020646. [PMID: 36839968 PMCID: PMC9960594 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 produces cytokine-mediated persistent inflammation and is associated with elevated iron stores and low circulating iron. It is believed that central to the pathophysiological mechanism is interleukin 6 and hepcidin. A state of iron overload, termed hyperferritinemia, and inflammatory anemia take place. Both conditions are linked to a worse result in critically ill patients. Blocking the interleukin 6-hepcidin pathway with Tocilizumab could present favorable outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate if Tocilizumab influences survival, the occurrence of sepsis, anemia and transfusions in critically ill patients suffering from COVID-19. This prospective observational study focused on levels of interleukin 6, hepcidin and blood iron parameters in patients treated with Tocilizumab. Data were compared before and after therapy as well as between treated and control groups. Results indicate that there is no difference in terms of survival nor in the rate of anemia or sepsis occurrence. Hepcidin was elevated and anemia ensued after treatment, which could indicate alternative pathways. In conclusion, when the classic interleukin 6-hepcidin pathway is blocked, inflammation seems to use alternative routes. Further understanding of these pathways is required and new pharmacological therapies need to be developed to treat persistent inflammation.
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Parameters to Predict the Outcome of Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients when Admitted to the Hospital. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041323. [PMID: 36835858 PMCID: PMC9959673 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Manifestations of COVID-19 are diverse and range from asymptomatic to severe, critical illness and death. Cases requiring hospital care (in severe and critical illnesses) are associated with comorbidities and hyperactivation of the immune system. Therefore, in this exploratory observational study, we analyzed which parameters are associated with mortality. We evaluated: demographic characteristics (age, sex and comorbidities), laboratory data (albumin, leukocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, ferritin), days of hospital stay, interleukins (IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-17) and sP-selectin in 40 Mexican patients admitted to medical emergencies with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, a complete clinical record, and who signed the informed consent. Twenty severe (they required intermediate care with non-invasive ventilation) and twenty critically ill patients (they required mechanical ventilation) were classified, and these were subsequently compared with healthy and recovered subjects. A significant difference was found between the hospitalized groups in the parameters of age, ferritin, days of hospital stay and death with p values = 0.0145, p = 0.0441, p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively. In the determination of cytokines and P-selectin, a significant difference was found between the following groups: recovered patients and healthy volunteers compared with hospitalized patients in severe and critical condition. Importantly, IL-7 remained elevated one year later in recovered patients. Taken together, these values determined at the time of hospital admission could be useful to monitor patients closely and evaluate in-hospital progress, hospital discharge, and out-of-hospital progress.
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Casado-Fernández G, Corona M, Torres M, Saez AJ, Ramos-Martín F, Manzanares M, Vigón L, Mateos E, Pozo F, Casas I, García-Gutierrez V, Rodríguez-Mora S, Coiras M. Sustained Cytotoxic Response of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Unvaccinated Individuals Admitted to the ICU Due to Critical COVID-19 Is Essential to Avoid a Fatal Outcome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1947. [PMID: 36767310 PMCID: PMC9915056 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of the cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on the outcome of unvaccinated individuals with critical COVID-19 admitted to the ICU. Blood samples from 23 individuals were collected upon admission and then every 2 weeks for 13 weeks until death (Exitus group) (n = 13) or discharge (Survival group) (n = 10). We did not find significant differences between groups in sociodemographic, clinical, or biochemical data that may influence the fatal outcome. However, direct cellular cytotoxicity of PBMCs from individuals of the Exitus group against pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero E6 cells was significantly reduced upon admission (-2.69-fold; p = 0.0234) and after 4 weeks at the ICU (-5.58-fold; p = 0.0290), in comparison with individuals who survived, and it did not improve during hospitalization. In vitro treatment with IL-15 of these cells did not restore an effective cytotoxicity at any time point until the fatal outcome, and an increased expression of immune exhaustion markers was observed in NKT, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells. However, IL-15 treatment of PBMCs from individuals of the Survival group significantly increased cytotoxicity at Week 4 (6.18-fold; p = 0.0303). Consequently, immunomodulatory treatments that may overcome immune exhaustion and induce sustained, efficient cytotoxic activity could be essential for survival during hospitalization due to critical COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiomar Casado-Fernández
- Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena Corona
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Service, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Torres
- Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo J. Saez
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Service, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Ramos-Martín
- Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Manzanares
- Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Vigón
- Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Mateos
- Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Pozo
- Respiratory Viruses Service, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Casas
- Respiratory Viruses Service, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentín García-Gutierrez
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Service, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Rodríguez-Mora
- Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mayte Coiras
- Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
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Laurindo LF, de Carvalho GM, de Oliveira Zanuso B, Figueira ME, Direito R, de Alvares Goulart R, Buglio DS, Barbalho SM. Curcumin-Based Nanomedicines in the Treatment of Inflammatory and Immunomodulated Diseases: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010229. [PMID: 36678859 PMCID: PMC9861982 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is a polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa that possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. Despite CUR's numerous beneficial effects on human health, it has limitations, such as poor absorption. Nano-based drug delivery systems have recently been applied to improve CUR's solubility and bioavailability and potentialize its health effects. This review investigated the effects of different CUR-based nanomedicines on inflammatory and immunomodulated diseases. PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR databases were searched, and the Scale for Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) was used for quality assessment and PRISMA guidelines. Overall, 66 studies were included comprising atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntington's disease (HD), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), psoriasis, liver fibrosis, epilepsy, and COVID-19. The available scientific studies show that there are many known nanoformulations with curcumin. They can be found in nanosuspensions, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, solid lipid particles, nanocapsules, nanospheres, and liposomes. These formulations can improve CUR bioavailability and can effectively be used as adjuvants in several inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases such as atheroma plaque formation, RA, dementia, AD, PD, MS, IBD, psoriasis, epilepsy, COVID-19, and can be used as potent anti-fibrotic adjuvants in fibrotic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Magno de Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Oliveira Zanuso
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduardo Figueira
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rosa Direito
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical & Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo de Alvares Goulart
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Daiene Santos Buglio
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília, São Paulo 17525-902, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília, São Paulo 17500-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-14-99655-3190
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Shang W, Zhang B, Ren Y, Wang W, Zhou D, Li Y. Thymosin alpha1 use in adult COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical outcomes. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109584. [PMID: 36527881 PMCID: PMC9754924 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thymosin alpha1 (Ta1) is widely used to treat patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), however, its effect remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of Ta1 as a COVID-19 therapy. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, Web of Science, and the reference lists of relevant articles were searched to identify eligible studies. Assessment of heterogeneity was done using the I-squared (I2) test and random/fixed effect analysis was done to determine the risk ratio (RR). We polled the data related to mortality mainly by using Review Manager 5.4. Predefined subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were also performed. RESULTS A total of 9 studies were included, on a total of 5352 (Ta1 = 1152, control = 4200) patient outcomes. Meta-analysis results indicated that Ta1 therapy had no statistically significant effect on mortality [RR 1.03 (0.60, 1.75), p = 0.92, I2 = 90 %]. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the beneficial effect in mortality was associated with mean age>60 years in the Tα1 group [RR 0.68 (0.58, 0.78), p < 0.0000.1, I2 = 0 %], the proportion of female ≤ 40 % in the Tα1 group [RR 0.67 (0.58, 0.77), p < 0.0000.1, I2 = 0 %], and severe/critical COVID-19 patients [RR 0.66 (0.57, 0.76), p < 0.0000.1, I2 = 0 %]. Sensitivity analysis further demonstrated the results to be robust. CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis do not support the use of Ta1 in hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Shang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yali Ren
- Department of Medical Affairs, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Weina Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Dengfeng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Mirsharif ES, Chenary MR, Bozorgmehr M, Mohammadi S, Hashemi SM, Ardestani SK, Beigmohammadi M, Abdollahi A, Sadeghipour A, Kariminia A, Tuserkani F, Ghazanfari T. Immunophenotyping characteristics of COVID-19 patients: Peripheral blood CD8+ HLA-DR+ T cells as a biomarker for mortality outcome. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28192. [PMID: 36192361 PMCID: PMC9874930 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The goal of this study was to identify biomarker(s) to assign risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients to improve intensive care unit (ICU) and coronary care unit management. A total of 100 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, were compared to 70 control subjects. Peripheral blood leukocyte was studied using staining reagents included CD3, CD4, CD8, HLA-DR, CD19, CD16, and CD56. The immunophenotyping analysis was evaluated using the FACSCalibur instrument. To investigate the cell density of lung infiltrating T cells, postmortem slides of needle necropsies taken from the lung tissue of 3 critical patients were evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining. The number of lymphocyte subpopulations was significantly lower in COVID-19 patients than in the control group. Regarding the disease severity, the absolute count of T, NK, and HLA-DR+ T cells were significantly reduced in severe patients compared to the moderate ones. The critical patients had a significantly lower count of CD8-HLA-DR+ T cells than the moderate cases. Regarding the disease mortality, based on univariate analysis, the count of HLA-DR+ T, CD8- HLA-DR+ T, and CD8+ HLA-DR+ T cells was associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed the count of CD8+ HLA-DR+ T cells is the best candidate as a biomarker for mortality outcome. Furthermore, pulmonary infiltration of T cells in the lung tissue showed only slight infiltrations of CD3+ T cells, with an equal percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subpopulation in the lung tissue. These findings suggest that close monitoring of the value of CD8+ HLA-DR+ T cells in COVID-19 patients may be helpful to identify high-risk patients. However, further studies with larger sample size are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Hematology‐Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Mohammad‐Taghi Beigmohammadi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital ComplexTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Abdollahi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital ComplexTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Sadeghipour
- Medicine Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Oncopathology Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Amina Kariminia
- School of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | - Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research CenterShahed UniversityTehranIran,Simorgh Clinical LaboratoryTehranIran
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Trifonova I, Ngoc K, Nikolova M, Emilova R, Todorova Y, Gladnishka T, Christova I. Patterns of cytokine and chemokine expression in peripheral blood of patients with COVID-19 associated with disease severity. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231163681. [PMID: 36927211 PMCID: PMC10020858 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231163681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cytokine dysregulation has been proposed as one of the main culprits for severe COVID-19 and poor prognosis. We examined the parallel presence of lymphopoietic, proinflammatory, Th1, Th2, regulatory cytokines, and chemokines in the serum of 47 patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 and evaluated the association between cytokine concentrations and disease severity. METHODS A multiplex quantitative cytokine analysis ProcartaPlex™ immunoassay was applied, using the LuminexTM 200X detection system (Invitrogen). RESULTS The concentrations of twelve cytokines: IL-18, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha; IL-21; IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-22; IL-10, IL-1RA; IL-7 and IFN-alpha were consistently elevated in the studied serum samples. All examined chemokines-Eotaxin, GRO-alpha, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, SDF-1alpha, and RANTES, were detectable in all studied groups, confirming their importance in mediating the adaptive immune response regardless of disease severity. The serum concentrations of six mediators: IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-18, IL-10, IL-8, and IP-10, showed statistically significant differences among the groups with different disease severity. IL-6, IL-1beta, and IL-10 were more significantly elevated in severe cases while milder symptoms were associated with lower levels of IL-8 and IP-10. CONCLUSION Overall, the studied chemokines demonstrated an associated production in acute COVID-19 infection. A strong correlation was observed between the Th1 mediators IL-18 and IL-10 and the proinflammatory IL-6 in the severe COVID-19 group. Our results indicated that severe COVID-19 was characterized by a dysregulated cytokine pattern whereby the Th1 immune response is outweighed by the immunoregulatory response, while inhibitory signals cannot balance the hyperinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Trifonova
- Department of Microbiology, 249307National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kim Ngoc
- Department of Microbiology, 249307National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Nikolova
- Department of Immunology, 249307National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radoslava Emilova
- Department of Immunology, 249307National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yana Todorova
- Department of Immunology, 249307National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Teodora Gladnishka
- Department of Microbiology, 249307National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iva Christova
- Department of Microbiology, 249307National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
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He S, Fang Y, Yang J, Wang W. Association between immunity and viral shedding duration in non-severe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant-infected patients. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1032957. [PMID: 36620263 PMCID: PMC9813739 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1032957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory-related disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). More than 200 countries worldwide are affected by this disease. The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is the major epidemic variant worldwide and is characterized by higher infectivity. However, the immunity and risk factors for prolonged viral elimination in patients with non-severe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infections are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between immunity and duration of viral elimination in non-severe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant-infected patients in Shanghai. Methods In total, 108 non-severe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant-infected patients from Shanghai New International Expo Center Fangcang Shelter Hospital were recruited in this study. They were further allocated to the early elimination (EE) and prolonged elimination (PE) groups according to SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positivity duration. Results Compared to patients with EE, those with PE had increased serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-6, and IL-8; higher neutrophil count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR); lower lymphocyte, eosinophil, and red blood cell counts; and lower concentrations of hemoglobin and albumin (ALB). In lymphocyte subpopulation analysis, lower numbers of CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells and a higher CD4/CD8 ratio were observed in patients with PE. In addition, correlation analysis results revealed that cycle threshold values of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant ORF1ab and N were negatively correlated with IL-6 and IL-8 levels and positively correlated with eosinophil count in patients with COVID-19. Finally, multivariate regression analysis showed that ALB, CD4/CD8 ratio, NLR, and eosinophil count were predictors of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant elimination. Conclusion In this study, we identified that the ALB, CD4/CD8 ratio, NLR, and eosinophil count were risk factors for prolonged viral elimination in non-severe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant-infected patients. These factors might be efficient indicators in the diagnosis, evaluation, and prognosis monitoring of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhong Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai New International Expo Center Fangcang Shelter Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai New International Expo Center Fangcang Shelter Hospital, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Wei Wang ✉
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36
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Arsentieva NA, Liubimova NE, Batsunov OK, Korobova ZR, Kuznetsova RN, Rubinstein AA, Stanevich OV, Lebedeva AA, Vorobyov EA, Vorobyova SV, Kulikov AN, Gavrilova EG, Pevtcov DE, Polushin YS, Shlyk IV, Totolian AA. Predictive value of specific cytokines for lethal COVID-19 outcome. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 2022. [DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-pvo-2043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In our study, we aimed to evaluate the significance of specific cytokines in blood plasma as predictive markers of COVID-associated mortality. Materials and methods. In plasma samples of 29 patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 we measured the concentrations of 47 molecules. These molecules included: interleukins and selected pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-9, IL-12 (p40), IL-12 (p70), IL 13, IL-15, IL-17A/CTLA8, IL-17-E/IL-25, IL-17F, IL-18, IL-22, IL-27, IFN2, IFN, TNF, TNF/Lymphotoxin-(LTA)); chemokines (CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1, CCL4/MIP-1, CCL7/MCP-3, CCL11/Eotaxin, CCL22/MDC, CXCL1/GRO, CXCL8/IL-8, CXCL9/MIG, CXCL10/IP-10, CX3CL1/Fractalkine); anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1Ra, IL-10); growth factors (EGF, FGF-2/FGF-basic, Flt-3 Ligand, G-CSF, M-CSF, GM-CSF, PDGF-AA, PDGFAB/BB, TGF, VEGF-A); and sCD40L. We used multiplex analysis based on xMAP technology (Luminex, USA) using Luminex MagPix. As controls, we used plasma samples of 20 healthy individuals. Based on the results, we applied Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis and Area Under Curve (AUC) values to compare two different predictive tests and to choose the optimal division point for disease outcome (survivors/non-survivors). To find optimal biomarker combinations, we as used cytokines concentrations as dependent variables to grow a regression tree using JMP 16 Software.Results. Out of 47 studied cytokines/chemokines/growth factors, we picked four pro-inflammatory cytokines as having high significance in evaluation of COVID-19 outcome: IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, and IL-18. Based on the results received, we assume that the highest significance in terms of predicting the outcome of acute COVID-19 belongs to IL-6 and IL-18. Conclusion. Analyzing concentrations of IL-6 and IL-18 before administering treatment may prove valuable in terms of outcome prognosis.
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Ochiai GS, de Godoy CG, Silva ÉCGE, de Oliveira DB, da Silva EM, Viana BDOC, da Silva JM, de Souza ROB, dos Santos MD, de Campos CM, Schmitt ACB, de Carvalho CRF, Fu C, Tanaka C, Toufen C, de Carvalho CRR, Pompeu JE. Functional impact on adults and older people after hospitalization by Covid‐19. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 28:e1983. [PMID: 36377222 DOI: 10.1002/pri.1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hospitalization by Covid-19 can cause persistent functional consequences after hospital discharge due to direct and indirect effects of SARS-COV-2 in several organs and systems of the body added to post-intensive care syndrome and prolonged bed rest. These impacts can lead to dependency in activities of daily living, mainly in older people due to aging process and functional decline. This study aimed to compare the effects of hospitalization by Covid-19 on functional capacity of adults and older people and to identify its associated factors. METHODS Cross-sectional observational study of 159 survivors of hospitalization by Covid-19 after 1 month from discharge at Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo, divided into groups: adults (aged < 60 years) and older people (aged ≥ 60 years). Those who did not accept to participate, without availability or without ability to understand the questionnaires were excluded. Functional capacity was assessed by the Barthel Index and patients were classified according to their scores. Data analysis was performed in JASP Statistics program and the sample was compared between the age groups. Wilcoxon test was applied to compare before and after periods, Mann-Whitney test was used for between groups comparison. We adopted alpha = 0.05. RESULTS The total Barthel Index median score was lower 1 month after hospital discharge than in the pre-Covid-19 period. Older people had worse functional status than adults before and also showed greater impairment after hospital discharge. Both groups showed lower Barthel Index classification than before, and older people presented more functional dependence than adults in both periods. Age, sarcopenia and frailty were associated factors. DISCUSSION Hospitalization by Covid-19 impacts functional capacity after 1 month from discharge, especially in older people. Age, sarcopenia and frailty are associated factors. These results suggest need for care and rehabilitation of Covid-19 survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Sayuri Ochiai
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Caroline Gil de Godoy
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Érika Christina Gouveia e Silva
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Danielle Brancolini de Oliveira
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Mendes da Silva
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Bianca de Oliveira Candido Viana
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana Magalhães da Silva
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Roberta Oliveira Bueno de Souza
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Michelle Didone dos Santos
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Camila Machado de Campos
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Basso Schmitt
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Fu
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Clarice Tanaka
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carlos Toufen
- Instituto do Coração of Hospital das Clínicas of the School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - José Eduardo Pompeu
- School of Medicine Department of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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38
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Hong SJ, Bhattacharya S, Aboubakr A, Nadkarni D, Lech D, Ungaro RC, Agrawal M, Hirten RP, Greywoode R, Mone A, Chang S, Hudesman DP, Ullman T, Sultan K, Lukin DJ, Colombel JF, Axelrad JE. COVID-19 is not associated with worse long-term inflammatory bowel disease outcomes: a multicenter case-control study. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2022; 15:17562848221132363. [PMID: 36348637 PMCID: PMC9637830 DOI: 10.1177/17562848221132363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not associated with worse coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. However, data are lacking regarding the long-term impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on the disease course of IBD. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on long-term outcomes of IBD. DESIGN We performed a multicenter case-control study of patients with IBD and COVID-19 between February 2020 and December 2020. METHODS Cases and controls were individuals with IBD with presence or absence, respectively, of COVID-19-related symptoms and confirmatory testing. The primary composite outcome was IBD-related hospitalization or surgery. RESULTS We identified 251 cases [ulcerative colitis (n = 111, 45%), Crohn's disease (n = 139, 55%)] and 251 controls, with a median follow-up of 394 days. The primary composite outcome of IBD-related hospitalization or surgery occurred in 29 (12%) cases versus 38 (15%) controls (p = 0.24) and on multivariate Cox regression, COVID-19 was not associated with increased risk of adverse IBD outcomes [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44-1.42]. When stratified by infection severity, severe COVID-19 was associated with a numerically increased risk of adverse IBD outcomes (aHR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.00-5.86), whereas mild-to-moderate COVID-19 was not (aHR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.38-1.23). CONCLUSION In this case-control study, COVID-19 did not have a long-term impact on the disease course of IBD. However, severe COVID-19 was numerically associated with worse IBD outcomes, underscoring the continued importance of risk mitigation and prevention strategies for patients with IBD during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumona Bhattacharya
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of
Gastroenterology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aiya Aboubakr
- Jill Roberts Center for Inflammatory Bowel
Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of
Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Devika Nadkarni
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of
Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
USA
| | - Diana Lech
- Division of Gastroenterology, Northwell Health,
North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Great
Neck, NY, USA
| | - Ryan C. Ungaro
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of
Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
USA
| | - Manasi Agrawal
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of
Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
USA
| | - Robert P. Hirten
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of
Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
USA
| | - Ruby Greywoode
- Division of Gastroenterology, Montefiore
Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Anjali Mone
- Division of Gastroenterology, Northwell
Health, North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical
Center, Great Neck, NY, USA
| | - Shannon Chang
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of
Gastroenterology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - David P. Hudesman
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of
Gastroenterology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Ullman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Montefiore
Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Keith Sultan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Northwell
Health, North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical
Center, Great Neck, NY, USA
| | - Dana J. Lukin
- Jill Roberts Center for Inflammatory Bowel
Disease, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of
Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- The Dr. Henry D. Janowitz Division of
Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,
USA
| | - Jordan E. Axelrad
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of
Gastroenterology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
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Kuo KC, Chen CH, Wang CJ, Wu JC, Chung HP, Chen YT, Tang YH, Chang WK, Lin CY, Wu CL. Clinical benefits of inhaled ciclesonide for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection: a retrospective study. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:368. [PMID: 36171597 PMCID: PMC9517967 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02168-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The successful management of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with inhaled ciclesonide has been reported, however few studies have investigated its application among hospitalized patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study enrolled all adult patients admitted to our hospital with confirmed COVID-19 infection from May to June 2021. Critical patients who received mechanical ventilation within 24 h after admission and those who started ciclesonide more than 14 days after symptom onset were excluded. The in-hospital mortality rate was compared between those who did and did not receive inhaled ciclesonide. Results A total of 269 patients were enrolled, of whom 184 received inhaled ciclesonide and 85 did not. The use of ciclesonide was associated with lower in-hospital mortality (7.6% vs. 23.5%, p = 0.0003) and a trend of shorter hospital stay (12.0 (10.0–18.0) days vs. 13.0 (10.0–25.3) days, p = 0.0577). In subgroup analysis, the use of inhaled ciclesonide significantly reduced mortality in the patients with severe COVID-19 infection (6.8% vs. 50.0%, p < 0.0001) and in those with a high risk of mortality (16.4% vs. 43.2%, p = 0.0037). The use of inhaled ciclesonide also reduced the likelihood of receiving mechanical ventilation in the patients with severe COVID-19 infection. After multivariate analysis, inhaled ciclesonide remained positively correlated with a lower risk of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio: 0.2724, 95% confidence interval: 0.087–0.8763, p = 0.0291). Conclusions The use of inhaled ciclesonide in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection can reduce in-hospital mortality. Further randomized studies in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 infection are urgently needed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-02168-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chih Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City, 25160, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsien Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City, 25160, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Jen Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City, 25160, Taiwan. .,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Jou-Chun Wu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City, 25160, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Pei Chung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City, 25160, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City, 25160, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsiang Tang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuei Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City, 25160, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Lin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City, 25160, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Liang Wu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City, 25160, Taiwan
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Sukocheva OA, Maksoud R, Beeraka NM, Madhunapantula SV, Sinelnikov M, Nikolenko VN, Neganova ME, Klochkov SG, Amjad Kamal M, Staines DR, Marshall-Gradisnik S. Analysis of post COVID-19 condition and its overlap with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. J Adv Res 2022; 40:179-196. [PMID: 36100326 PMCID: PMC8619886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) triggers the development of numerous pathologies and infection-linked complications and exacerbates existing pathologies in nearly all body systems. Aside from the primarily targeted respiratory organs, adverse SARS-CoV-2 effects were observed in nervous, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal/metabolic, immune, and other systems in COVID-19 survivors. Long-term effects of this viral infection have been recently observed and represent distressing sequelae recognised by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a distinct clinical entity defined as post-COVID-19 condition. Considering the pandemic is still ongoing, more time is required to confirm post COVID-19 condition diagnosis in the COVID-19 infected cohorts, although many reported post COVID-19 symptoms overlap with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). AIMS OF REVIEW In this study, COVID-19 clinical presentation and associated post-infection sequelae (post-COVID-19 condition) were reviewed and compared with ME/CFS symptomatology. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW The onset, progression, and symptom profile of post COVID-19 condition patients have considerable overlap with ME/CFS. Considering the large scope and range of pro-inflammatory effects of this virus, it is reasonable to expect development of post COVID-19 clinical complications in a proportion of the affected population. There are reports of a later debilitating syndrome onset three months post COVID-19 infection (often described as long-COVID-19), marked by the presence of fatigue, headache, cognitive dysfunction, post-exertional malaise, orthostatic intolerance, and dyspnoea. Acute inflammation, oxidative stress, and increased levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), have been reported in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Longitudinal monitoring of post COVID-19 patients is warranted to understand the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the pathomechanism of post COVID-19 condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sukocheva
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park 5042, SA, Australia; The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
| | - Rebekah Maksoud
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Narasimha M Beeraka
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysore, India
| | - SabbaRao V Madhunapantula
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysore, India; Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells (SIG-CBCSC), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysore, India
| | - Mikhail Sinelnikov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mohovaya 11c10, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Nikolenko
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mohovaya 11c10, Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita E Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Sergey G Klochkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Donald R Staines
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik
- The National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Consortium Health International for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, National Centre for Neuroimmunology and Emerging Diseases, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Tarique M, Suhail M, Naz H, Muhammad N, Tabrez S, Zughaibi TA, Abuzenadah AM, Hashem AM, Shankar H, Saini C, Sharma A. Where do T cell subsets stand in SARS-CoV-2 infection: an update. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:964265. [PMID: 36034704 PMCID: PMC9399648 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.964265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in China in December 2019 and spread so rapidly all around the globe. It’s continued and spreading more dangerously in India and Brazil with higher mortality rate. Understanding of the pathophysiology of COVID-19 depends on unraveling of interactional mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 and human immune response. The immune response is a complex process, which can be better understood by understanding the immunological response and pathological mechanisms of COVID-19, which will provide new treatments, increase treatment efficacy, and decrease mortality associated with the disease. In this review we present a amalgamate viewpoint based on the current available knowledge on COVID-19 which includes entry of the virus and multiplication of virus, its pathological effects on the cellular level, immunological reaction, systemic and organ presentation. T cells play a crucial role in controlling and clearing viral infections. Several studies have now shown that the severity of the COVID-19 disease is inversely correlated with the magnitude of the T cell response. Understanding SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses is of high interest because T cells are attractive vaccine targets and could help reduce COVID-19 severity. Even though there is a significant amount of literature regarding SARS-CoV-2, there are still very few studies focused on understanding the T cell response to this novel virus. Nevertheless, a majority of these studies focused on peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that were specific for viruses. The focus of this review is on different subtypes of T cell responses in COVID-19 patients, Th17, follicular helper T (TFH), regulatory T (Treg) cells, and less classical, invariant T cell populations, such as δγ T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells etc that could influence disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tarique
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Tarique, ; Mohd Suhail,
| | - Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohammad Tarique, ; Mohd Suhail,
| | - Huma Naz
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Naoshad Muhammad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Shams Tabrez
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Torki A. Zughaibi
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M. Abuzenadah
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M. Hashem
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hari Shankar
- India Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Chaman Saini
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Alpana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
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Kalinina O, Golovkin A, Zaikova E, Aquino A, Bezrukikh V, Melnik O, Vasilieva E, Karonova T, Kudryavtsev I, Shlyakhto E. Cytokine Storm Signature in Patients with Moderate and Severe COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168879. [PMID: 36012146 PMCID: PMC9408700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercytokinemia, found in SARS-CoV-2 infection, contributes to multiple organ dysfunctions with acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock etc. The aim of this study was to describe cytokine storm signatures in patients with acute COVID-19 and to investigate their influence on severity of the infection. Plasma levels of 47 cytokines were investigated in 73 patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 (41 and 32, respectively) and 11 healthy donors (HD). The most elevated levels comparing patients and the HD were observed for seven pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, IL-18, IL-27, IFNγ, TNFα), three chemokines (GROα, IP-10, MIG), two anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1RA, IL-10), and two growth factors (G-CSF, M-CSF). The patients with severe disease had significantly higher levels of FGF-2/FGF-basic, IL-1β, and IL-7 compared to the HD. The two groups of patients differed from each other only based on the levels of EGF, eotaxin, and IL-12 p40. Pneumonia lung injury, characterized by computer tomography, positively correlated with levels of EGF, IP-10, MCP-3 levels and negatively with IL-12 p40. Pro-inflammatory factors including IL-6, TNFα, and IP-10 negatively correlated with the frequency of the circulating T-helper17-like cells (Th17-like) and follicular Th cells that are crucial to develop SARS-CoV-2-specific plasma cells and memory B cells. Obtained data on the cytokine levels illustrate their influence on progression and severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kalinina
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Golovkin
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ekaterina Zaikova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Arthur Aquino
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vadim Bezrukikh
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olesya Melnik
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Vasilieva
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Karonova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor Kudryavtsev
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeny Shlyakhto
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
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43
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Kandeel EZ, Refaat L, Bayoumi A, Nooh HA, Hammad R, Khafagy M, Abdellateif MS. The Role of Lymphocyte Subsets, PD-1, and FAS (CD95) in COVID-19 Cancer Patients. Viral Immunol 2022; 35:491-502. [PMID: 35930238 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2022.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytes are the main orchestrators that regulate the immune response in SARS-COV-2 infection. The exhaustion of T lymphocytes is a contributing factor to lymphopenia, which is responsible for the COVID-19 adverse outcome. However, it is still not demonstrated on a large scale, including cancer patients. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 83 SARS-CoV2 infected cancer patients, and 29 COVID-19 infected noncancer patients compared to 28 age-matched healthy controls. Lymphocyte subsets were assessed for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, PD-1, and CD95 using flow cytometry. The data were correlated to the patients' clinical features, COVID-19 severity and outcomes. Lymphopenia, and decreased CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were significantly observed in COVID-19 cancer and noncancer patients compared to the control group (p < 0.001, for all). There was a significantly increased expression of CD95 and PD-1 on the NK cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in COVID-19 cancer and noncancer patients in comparison to the control group. The increased expression of CD95 on CD8+ T cells, as well as the increased expression of PD-1 on CD8+ T cells and NK cells are significantly associated with the severity of COVID-19 infection in cancer patients. The increased expression of CD95 and PD-1 on the CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells was observed significantly in nonsurviving patients and those who were admitted to the intensive care unit in COVID-19 cancer and noncancer patients. The increased expression of PD-1 and CD95 could be possible prognostic factors for COVID-19 severity and adverse outcomes in COVID-19 cancer and noncancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Z Kandeel
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lobna Refaat
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Bayoumi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend A Nooh
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham Hammad
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Medhat Khafagy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona S Abdellateif
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Yang D, Li H, Chen Y, Ren W, Dong M, Li C, Jiao Q. Immunomodulatory mechanisms of abatacept: A therapeutic strategy for COVID-19. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:951115. [PMID: 35957855 PMCID: PMC9357915 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.951115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has rapidly spread throughout the world and become a major threat to human beings. Cytokine storm is a major cause of death in severe patients. Abatacept can suppress cytokines used as antirheumatic drugs in clinical applications. This study analyzed the molecular mechanisms of abatacept treatment for COVID-19. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by analyzing expression profiling of abatacept treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and SARS-CoV-2 infection patients. We found that 59 DEGs were upregulated in COVID-19 patients and downregulated following abatacept treatment. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that immune and inflammatory responses were potential regulatory mechanisms. Moreover, we verified 8 targeting genes and identified 15 potential drug candidates for the treatment of COVID-19. Our study illustrated that abatacept could be a promising property for preventing severe COVID-19, and we predicted alternative potential drugs for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinglong Yang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hetong Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yujing Chen
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiping Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mingjie Dong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunjiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qiang Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Jiao
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Vazquez-Alejo E, Tarancon-Diez L, Carrasco I, Vigil-Vázquez S, Muñoz-Chapuli M, Rincón-López E, Saavedra-Lozano J, Santos-Sebastián M, Aguilera-Alonso D, Hernanz-Lobo A, Santiago-García B, de León-Luis JA, Muñoz P, Sánchez-Luna M, Navarro ML, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ. SARS-CoV2 Infection During Pregnancy Causes Persistent Immune Abnormalities in Women Without Affecting the Newborns. Front Immunol 2022; 13:947549. [PMID: 35911743 PMCID: PMC9330630 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.947549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV2 infection in pregnancy and exposed newborns is poorly known. We performed a longitudinal analysis of immune system and determined soluble cytokine levels in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV2 and in their newborns. Women with confirmed SARS-CoV2 infection and their exposed uninfected newborns were recruited from Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), cord cells and plasma were collected at birth and 6 months later. Immunophenotyping of natural killer (NK), monocytes and CD4/CD8 T-cells were studied in cryopreserved PBMCs and cord cells by multiparametric flow cytometry. Up to 4 soluble pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines were assessed in plasma/cord plasma by ELISA assay. SARS-CoV2-infected mothers and their newborns were compared to matched healthy non-SARS-CoV2-infected mothers and their newborns. The TNFα and IL-10 levels of infected mothers were higher at baseline than those of healthy controls. Infected mothers showed increased NK cells activation and reduced expression of maturation markers that reverted after 6 months. They also had high levels of Central Memory and low Effector Memory CD4-T cell subsets. Additionally, the increased CD4- and CD8-T cell activation (CD154 and CD38) and exhaustion (TIM3/TIGIT) levels at baseline compared to controls remained elevated after 6 months. Regarding Treg cells, the levels were lower at infected mothers at baseline but reverted after 6 months. No newborn was infected at birth. The lower levels of monocytes, NK and CD4-T cells observed at SARS-CoV2-exposed newborns compared to unexposed controls significantly increased 6 months later. In conclusion, SARS-CoV2 infection during pregnancy shows differences in immunological components that could lead newborns to future clinical implications after birth. However, SARS-CoV2 exposed 6-months-old newborns showed no immune misbalance, whereas the infected mothers maintain increased activation and exhaustion levels in T-cells after 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vazquez-Alejo
- Immunology Section, Laboratory of ImmunoBiology Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Tarancon-Diez
- Immunology Section, Laboratory of ImmunoBiology Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itzíar Carrasco
- Infectious Diseases in Paediatric Population, Gregorio Marañón Research Institute (IiSGM) and University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Vigil-Vázquez
- Department of Neonatology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Muñoz-Chapuli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rincón-López
- Infectious Diseases in Paediatric Population, Gregorio Marañón Research Institute (IiSGM) and University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Saavedra-Lozano
- Infectious Diseases in Paediatric Population, Gregorio Marañón Research Institute (IiSGM) and University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Santos-Sebastián
- Infectious Diseases in Paediatric Population, Gregorio Marañón Research Institute (IiSGM) and University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Aguilera-Alonso
- Infectious Diseases in Paediatric Population, Gregorio Marañón Research Institute (IiSGM) and University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Hernanz-Lobo
- Infectious Diseases in Paediatric Population, Gregorio Marañón Research Institute (IiSGM) and University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Santiago-García
- Infectious Diseases in Paediatric Population, Gregorio Marañón Research Institute (IiSGM) and University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio de León-Luis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Muñoz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Luna
- Department of Neonatology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Navarro
- Infectious Diseases in Paediatric Population, Gregorio Marañón Research Institute (IiSGM) and University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mª Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Immunology Section, Laboratory of ImmunoBiology Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), HIV-HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: M Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández,
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Ahmed Mostafa G, Mohamed Ibrahim H, Al Sayed Shehab A, Mohamed Magdy S, AboAbdoun Soliman N, Fathy El-Sherif D. Up-regulated serum levels of interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-22 in Egyptian pediatric patients with COVID-19 and MIS-C: Relation to the disease outcome. Cytokine 2022; 154:155870. [PMID: 35398721 PMCID: PMC8977483 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Both IL-17A and IL-22 share cellular sources and signaling pathways. They have synergistic action on epithelial cells to stimulate their production of antimicrobial peptides which are protective against infections. However, both interleukins may contribute to ARDS pathology if their production is not controlled. This study aimed to investigate serum levels of IL-17A and IL-22 in relation to the disease outcome in patients with SARS-CoV-2. Serum IL-17A and IL-22 were measured by ELISA in 40 patients with SARS-CoV-2, aged between 2 months and 16 years, (18 had COVID-19 and 22 had multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children "MIS-C") in comparison to 48 age- and sex-matched healthy control children. Patients with COVID-19 and MIS-C had significantly higher serum IL-17A and IL-22 levels than healthy control children (P < 0.001). Increased serum IL-17A and IL-22 levels were found in all patients. Elevated CRP and serum ferritin levels were found in 90% of these patients. Lymphopenia, neutrophilia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and elevated ALT, LDH and D-dimer were found in 45%, 42.5 %, 2.5%, 30%, 32.5%, 82.5%, and 65%, respectively of these patients. There were non-significant differences between patients who recovered and those who died or had a residual illness in serum levels of IL-17A, IL-22 and the routine inflammatory markers of COVID-19. In conclusions, serum IL-17A and IL-22 levels were up-regulated in all patients with COVID-19 and MIS-C. Levels of serum IL-17A, IL-22 and the routine inflammatory markers of COVID-19 were not correlated with the disease outcome. Our conclusions are limited by the sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehan Ahmed Mostafa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Abeer Al Sayed Shehab
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sondos Mohamed Magdy
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Redondo-Calvo FJ, Padín JF, Muñoz-Rodríguez JR, Serrano-Oviedo L, López-Juárez P, Porras Leal ML, González Gasca FJ, Rodríguez Martínez M, Pérez Serrano R, Sánchez Cadena A, Bejarano-Ramírez N, Muñoz Hornero C, Barberá Farré JR, Domínguez-Quesada I, Sepúlveda Berrocal MA, Villegas Fernández-Infantes MD, Manrique Romo MI, Parra Comino Á, Pérez-Ortiz JM, Gómez-Romero FJ. Aprotinin treatment against SARS-CoV-2: A randomized phase III study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a pan-protease inhibitor for moderate COVID-19. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13776. [PMID: 35342931 PMCID: PMC9111659 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 virus requires host proteases to cleave its spike protein to bind to its ACE2 target through a two-step furin-mediated entry mechanism. Aprotinin is a broad-spectrum protease inhibitor that has been employed as antiviral drug for other human respiratory viruses. Also, it has important anti-inflammatory properties for inhibiting the innate immunity contact system. METHODS This was a multicentre, double-blind, randomized trial performed in four Spanish hospitals comparing standard treatment versus standard treatment + aprotinin for patients with COVID-19 between 20 May 2020 and 20 October 2021. The primary efficacy outcomes were length of hospital stay and ICU admission. The secondary endpoints were each of the primary efficacy outcomes and a composite of oxygen therapy, analytical parameters and death. Safety outcomes included adverse reactions to treatment during a 30-day follow-up period. Treatment was given for 11 days or till discharge. RESULTS With almost identical analytical profiles, significant differences were observed in treatment time, which was 2 days lower in the aprotinin group (p = .002), and length of hospital admission, which was 5 days shorter in the aprotinin group (p = .003). The incidence of discharge was 2.19 times higher (HR: 2.188 [1.182-4.047]) in the aprotinin group than in the placebo group (p = .013). In addition, the aprotinin-treated group required less oxygen therapy and had no adverse reactions or side effects. CONCLUSION Inhaled aprotinin may improve standard treatment and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, resulting in a shorter treatment time and hospitalization compared with the placebo group. The administration of aprotinin was safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Redondo-Calvo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University General Hospital, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Medical Sciences (Pharmacology), School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.,School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Juan Fernando Padín
- Translational Research Unit, University General Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José Ramón Muñoz-Rodríguez
- Department of Medical Sciences (Pharmacology), School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.,School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Pilar López-Juárez
- School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Javier González Gasca
- Department of Medical Sciences (Pharmacology), School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, University General Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Raúl Pérez Serrano
- Department of Pharmacy, University General Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Natalia Bejarano-Ramírez
- Department of Medical Sciences (Pharmacology), School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Paediatrics, University General Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - José Ramón Barberá Farré
- Department of Internal Medicine, University General Hospital of Alcazar de San Juan, Alcazar de San Juan, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Ángel Parra Comino
- Translational Research Unit, University General Hospital of Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José Manuel Pérez-Ortiz
- Department of Medical Sciences (Pharmacology), School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.,School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gómez-Romero
- Department of Medical Sciences (Pharmacology), School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.,School of Medicine at Ciudad Real, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
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48
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Yang S, Tong Y, Chen L, Yu W. Human Identical Sequences, hyaluronan, and hymecromone ─ the new mechanism and management of COVID-19. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:15. [PMID: 35593963 PMCID: PMC9120813 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has created formidable damage to public health and market economy. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 variants has exacerbated the transmission from person-to-person. Even after a great deal of investigation on COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 is still rampaging globally, emphasizing the urgent need to reformulate effective prevention and treatment strategies. Here, we review the latest research progress of COVID-19 and provide distinct perspectives on the mechanism and management of COVID-19. Specially, we highlight the significance of Human Identical Sequences (HIS), hyaluronan, and hymecromone ("Three-H") for the understanding and intervention of COVID-19. Firstly, HIS activate inflammation-related genes to influence COVID-19 progress through NamiRNA-Enhancer network. Accumulation of hyaluronan induced by HIS-mediated HAS2 upregulation is a substantial basis for clinical manifestations of COVID-19, especially in lymphocytopenia and pulmonary ground-glass opacity. Secondly, detection of plasma hyaluronan can be effective for evaluating the progression and severity of COVID-19. Thirdly, spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 may bind to hyaluronan and further serve as an allergen to stimulate allergic reaction, causing sudden adverse effects after vaccination or the aggravation of COVID-19. Finally, antisense oligonucleotides of HIS or inhibitors of hyaluronan synthesis (hymecromone) or antiallergic agents could be promising therapeutic agents for COVID-19. Collectively, Three-H could hold the key to understand the pathogenic mechanism and create effective therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tong
- Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Yu
- Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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Montaño LM, Sommer B, Gomez-Verjan JC, Morales-Paoli GS, Ramírez-Salinas GL, Solís-Chagoyán H, Sanchez-Florentino ZA, Calixto E, Pérez-Figueroa GE, Carter R, Jaimez-Melgoza R, Romero-Martínez BS, Flores-Soto E. Theophylline: Old Drug in a New Light, Application in COVID-19 through Computational Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084167. [PMID: 35456985 PMCID: PMC9030606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Theophylline (3-methyxanthine) is a historically prominent drug used to treat respiratory diseases, alone or in combination with other drugs. The rapid onset of the COVID-19 pandemic urged the development of effective pharmacological treatments to directly attack the development of new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and possess a therapeutical battery of compounds that could improve the current management of the disease worldwide. In this context, theophylline, through bronchodilatory, immunomodulatory, and potentially antiviral mechanisms, is an interesting proposal as an adjuvant in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Nevertheless, it is essential to understand how this compound could behave against such a disease, not only at a pharmacodynamic but also at a pharmacokinetic level. In this sense, the quickest approach in drug discovery is through different computational methods, either from network pharmacology or from quantitative systems pharmacology approaches. In the present review, we explore the possibility of using theophylline in the treatment of COVID-19 patients since it seems to be a relevant candidate by aiming at several immunological targets involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. Theophylline down-regulates the inflammatory processes activated by SARS-CoV-2 through various mechanisms, and herein, they are discussed by reviewing computational simulation studies and their different applications and effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M. Montaño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, CP, Mexico; (L.M.M.); (R.J.-M.); (B.S.R.-M.)
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Laboratorio de Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Ciudad de México 14080, CP, Mexico;
| | - Juan C. Gomez-Verjan
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Ciudad de México 10200, CP, Mexico; (J.C.G.-V.); (G.S.M.-P.)
| | - Genaro S. Morales-Paoli
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Ciudad de México 10200, CP, Mexico; (J.C.G.-V.); (G.S.M.-P.)
| | - Gema Lizbeth Ramírez-Salinas
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica (Laboratory for the Design and Development of New Drugs and Biotechnological Innovation), Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón S/N, Col. Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México 11340, CP, Mexico;
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad de México 14510, CP, Mexico
| | - Héctor Solís-Chagoyán
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Ciudad de México 14370, CP, Mexico; (H.S.-C.); (Z.A.S.-F.)
| | - Zuly A. Sanchez-Florentino
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Ciudad de México 14370, CP, Mexico; (H.S.-C.); (Z.A.S.-F.)
| | - Eduardo Calixto
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Dirección de Investigación en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Ciudad de México 14370, CP, Mexico;
| | - Gloria E. Pérez-Figueroa
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Unidad Periférica en el Estudio de la Neuroinflamación en Patologías Neurológicas, Ciudad de México 06720, CP, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México 06720, CP, Mexico
| | - Rohan Carter
- FRACGP/MBBS, Murchison Outreach Service Mount Magnet Western Australia, Mount Magnet, WA 6530, Australia;
| | - Ruth Jaimez-Melgoza
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, CP, Mexico; (L.M.M.); (R.J.-M.); (B.S.R.-M.)
| | - Bianca S. Romero-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, CP, Mexico; (L.M.M.); (R.J.-M.); (B.S.R.-M.)
| | - Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, CP, Mexico; (L.M.M.); (R.J.-M.); (B.S.R.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-555-6232279
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Role of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in COVID-19 and other viral pneumonias: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1037-1045. [PMID: 35347523 PMCID: PMC8959072 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00972-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) has emerged as an important inflammatory marker of immune response associated with severity and mortality outcomes in infection diseases, including viral pneumonias. Aim (1) To evaluate the expression of TREM-1 in patients with COVID-19 and other viral pneumonias compared to healthy individuals; and (2) to analyze the levels of these biomarkers according to disease severity. Materials and methods This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar. Studies were considered eligible if they were observational studies that provided data on the levels of TREM-1 in humans with viral pneumonia compared to healthy controls. The results of the meta-analysis were expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) and an effect size of 0.8 was considered a large effect. A subgroup analysis was performed according to the disease severity. Results Seven studies were included in this systematic review. Four studies included patients with COVID-19 and three analyzed patients with different viruses. The meta-analysis was performed only with patients with COVID-19, which showed increased levels of soluble form of TREM-1 (sTREM-1) among patients with COVID-19 compared to healthy controls (SMD 1.53; 95% CI 0.53–2.52; p < 0.01). No differences were found between patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and healthy controls, but higher levels of sTREM-1 were shown among patients with severe COVID-19 (SMD 1.83; 95% CI 0.77–2.88; p < 0.01). All three studies including patients with other viral pneumonias showed that TREM-1 levels were significantly elevated in infected patients compared with controls. Conclusion These findings may provide evidence on the pro-inflammatory role of TREM-1 in these infections, contributing to the inflammatory profile and disease progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10787-022-00972-6.
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