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Alacreu-Crespo A, Sebti E, Moret RM, Courtet P. From Social Stress and Isolation to Autonomic Nervous System Dysregulation in Suicidal Behavior. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2024; 26:312-322. [PMID: 38717659 PMCID: PMC11147891 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-024-01503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this narrative review we wanted to describe the relationship of autonomic nervous system activity with social environment and suicidal spectrum behaviors. RECENT FINDINGS Patients with suicidal ideation/suicide attempt have higher sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and lower parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity in resting conditions and during acute stress tasks compared with patients without suicidal ideation/suicide attempt. Death by suicide and violent suicide attempt also are related to SNS hyperactivation. Similarly, a SNS/PNS imbalance has been observed in people with childhood trauma, stressful life events or feelings of loneliness and isolation. Social support seems to increase PNS control and resilience. Due to the importance of the social context and stressful life events in suicidal behavior, SNS/PNS imbalance could act as a mediator in this relationship and be a source of relevant biomarkers. Childhood trauma and stressful life events may impair the autonomic nervous system response in suicidal patients. Loneliness, isolation and social support may act as moderators in acute stress situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, C/Atarazana 4, Aragon, Teruel, 44003, Spain.
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France.
| | - Emma Sebti
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Rosa María Moret
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, C/Atarazana 4, Aragon, Teruel, 44003, Spain
| | - Philippe Courtet
- FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
- IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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MacNeil S, Renaud J, Gouin JP. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, negative social interactions, and fluctuations in unmet interpersonal needs: A daily diary study. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2023; 53:597-612. [PMID: 37208985 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined daily fluctuations in the unmet interpersonal needs of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness in response to daily negative social interactions, as well as the moderating role of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) across adolescents at lower and higher risk for suicidal ideation. METHODS Fifty five adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD, i.e., higher-risk group) and without MDD (i.e., lower-risk group) completed measures of resting RSA, and daily measures of negative social interactions, perceived burdensomeness, and loneliness, as a proxy for thwarted belongingness, for 10 consecutive days. Within-person analyses examined the association between daily negative social interactions and unmet interpersonal needs, and the moderating roles of RSA and higher-risk group status. Between-person analyses also examined the association between RSA and unmet interpersonal needs across groups. RESULTS At the within-person level, participants reported more unmet interpersonal needs on days when they reported more negative social interactions. At the between-person level, higher RSA was associated with decreased loneliness in both groups, and decreased burdensomeness among the higher-risk group. CONCLUSIONS Negative social interactions are associated with daily unmet interpersonal needs. Higher RSA may serve as a protective factor mitigating risk for unmet interpersonal needs, particularly burdensomeness, among adolescents at higher risk for suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha MacNeil
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Johanne Renaud
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Oakey-Frost N, Trachik B, Ganulin ML, LoPresti ML, Dretsch MN, Tucker RP. Indirect effects of soldier healthy eating and physical activity on suicidal ideation through psychological health symptoms in active-duty military. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2021.1902180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Oakey-Frost
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Benjamin Trachik
- US Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington
| | - Michelle L. Ganulin
- US Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington
| | - Mathew L. LoPresti
- US Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington
| | - Michael N. Dretsch
- US Army Medical Research Directorate-West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington
| | - Raymond P. Tucker
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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Vitale A, Byma L, Sun S, Podolak E, Wang Z, Alter S, Galfalvy H, Geraci J, Langhoff E, Klingbeil H, Yehuda R, Haghighi F, Feder A. Effectiveness of Complementary and Integrative Approaches in Promoting Engagement and Overall Wellness Toward Suicide Prevention in Veterans. J Altern Complement Med 2021; 27:S14-S27. [PMID: 33788604 PMCID: PMC8035924 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2020.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Suicide is a major public health problem, specifically among U.S. veterans, who do not consistently engage in mental health services, often citing stigma as a barrier. Complementary and Integrative Health (CIH) interventions are promising alternatives in promoting patient engagement and further, they may play a critical role in transitioning people into mental health care. Toward this goal, the Resilience and Wellness Center (RWC) was developed to break through the stigma barrier by addressing risk factors of suicide through multimodal CIH interventions via cohort design, promoting social connectedness and accountability among participants. Design: This is a program evaluation study at a large urban VA medical center, where assessments were evaluated from pre- to post-program completion to determine the effectiveness of an intensive multimodal CIH 4-week group outpatient intervention for suicide prevention. Outcome measures: Primary outcomes measured included group connectedness, severity of depression and hopelessness symptoms, suicidal ideation, sleep quality, and diet. Secondary outcomes included measures of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety severity stress/coping skills, pain, and fatigue. Results: The RWC showed high participant engagement, with an 84%-95% attendance engagement rate depending on suicide risk history. Data from 15 cohorts (N = 126) demonstrate favorable outcomes associated with participation in this comprehensive program, as evidenced by a reduction in suicidal ideation, depression, and hopelessness, but not sleep quality and diet. In addition, in a subset of veterans with a history of suicidal ideation or attempt, significant improvements were noted in pain, PTSD/anxiety symptoms, and stress coping measures. Conclusions: The RWC shows that an intensive complement of CIH interventions is associated with a significant improvement with high veteran engagement. Findings from this program evaluation study can be used to aid health care systems and their providers in determining whether or not to utilize such multimodal CIH integrated interventions as an effective treatment for at-risk populations as a part of suicide prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Byma
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shengnan Sun
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan Podolak
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zhaoyu Wang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sharon Alter
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Hanga Galfalvy
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Erik Langhoff
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Rachel Yehuda
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fatemeh Haghighi
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ann Feder
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
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Lee D, Baek JH, Cho YJ, Hong KS. Association of Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability With Proximal Suicidal Risk in Patients With Diverse Psychiatric Diagnoses. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:652340. [PMID: 33995148 PMCID: PMC8121144 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.652340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectively measurable biomarkers have not been applied for suicide risk prediction. Resting heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) showed potential as trans-diagnostic markers associated with suicide. This study aimed to investigate the associations of resting HR and HRV on proximal suicide risk in patients with diverse psychiatric diagnoses. This chart review study used the medical records of psychiatric patients who visited the outpatient clinic at an academic tertiary hospital. A total of 1,461 patients with diverse psychiatric diagnoses was included in the analysis. Proximal suicide risk was measured using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) suicidal score. Linear regression analyses with the MINI suicidal score as a dependent variable and binary logistic regression analyses with moderate-to-high suicide risk (MINI suicidal risk score ≥6) as a dependent variable were conducted to explore the effects of resting HR and HRV parameters on acute suicide risk after adjusting for age, sex, presence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), severity of depression and anxiety severity. We found that 55 (34.6%) patients in the MDD group, 40 (41.7%) in the BD group and 36 (3.9%) in the others group reported moderate-to-high suicide risk. Linear regression analysis revealed that both resting HR and root-mean-square of successive difference (RMSSD) had significant associations with the MINI suicidal score (P = 0.037 with HR, P = 0.003 with RMSSD). In logistic regression, only RMSSD showed a significant association with moderate-to-high suicide risk (P = 0.098 with HR, P = 0.019 with RMSSD), which remained significant in subgroup analysis with patients who reported any suicide-related symptom (MINI suicidal score >0; n = 472; P = 0.017 with HR, P = 0.012 with RMSSD). Our study findings suggest the potential for resting HR and RMSSD as biomarkers for proximal suicide risk prediction. Further research with longitudinal evaluation is needed to confirm our study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbin Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Baek
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Ji Cho
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Sue Hong
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Belete H, Misgan E, Belete T. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Suicidal Behavior Among Patients and Residents in Northwest Ethiopia. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:560886. [PMID: 34646166 PMCID: PMC8502868 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.560886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a million suicide deaths in the world annually, and 75% of these occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, there are limited resources to prevent suicidal deaths in those regions. The aim was to assess the prevalence of suicidal behavior and associated factors among patients visiting for medical care at a health center and residents in the community. A comparative study was employed by interviewing 2,625 residents in the community and 1,363 patients at the health center about suicidal behavior in northwest Ethiopia, from March 2017 to February 2018. Logistic analysis was employed with adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI) and with p-value < 0.05. The total prevalence of suicidal behavior (ideation, plan, and attempt) was found to be 5.6% (with 95% CI range 5-6%). It was found to be 4.4% with 95% CI range 4-5% in residents and 7.9% with 95% CI range 6-9% in patients. Female sex, depressive symptoms, physical/verbal abuse, and feeling stigmatized were identified as a risk factors for suicidal behavior, whereas a healthy lifestyle, such as eating regular meals of fruits and vegetables, doing physical exercise regularly, and having public health insurance were identified as protective risk factors for suicidal behavior even after adjusting for being a patient or not. The proportion of suicidal behavior was double in patients compared with residents. Suicidal behavior should be assessed in patients who visit for medical help and integration of mental health service within the primary health care system is recommended, especially in low-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habte Belete
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Eyaya Misgan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Belete
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Park JH, Seo MW, Jung HC, Lee JM. Let's Live Healthier: The Relationship between Suicidal Behavior and Physical Activity in an Age-, Gender-, and Body Mass Index-Matched Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228350. [PMID: 33187377 PMCID: PMC7698308 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the association between physical activity (PA) and predictors of suicidal behaviors and to investigate whether the different PA measurements influence the association between PA and suicidal behaviors in South Korean adults. This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014–2015 data. The study selected participants who checked suicide-related questions as “Yes” (n = 99) and checked suicide-related questions as “No” (n = 99) in the questionnaire. The age, gender, and body mass index of participants between the two groups were matched. The moderate to vigorous PA (p = 0.000) and sedentary PA (p = 0.000), measured by accelerometers, were a significant risk factor for suicidal behaviors. Furthermore, the number of steps was a considerable difference between the two groups (healthy group: 61,495.76 steps; suicide group: 40,517.34 steps), and the accelerometer and questionnaire also showed significant differences. The study demonstrated that there were significant associations with physical activity and socioeconomic status and suicidal behaviors in anthropometry (i.e., age, gender, height, weight) matched groups. Additionally, this study highlights the importance of the assessment of PAs, and increasing PA levels could reduce the incidence of suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hui Park
- Department of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17014, Korea;
| | - Myong-Won Seo
- Department of Taekwondo, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17014, Korea;
| | - Hyun Chul Jung
- Department of Coaching, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17014, Korea;
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17014, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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Xie Y, Zhu M, Wu X, Tao S, Yang Y, Li T, Zou L, Xu H, Tao F. Interaction between physical activity and problematic mobile phone use on suicidality in Chinese college students. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:517. [PMID: 33097008 PMCID: PMC7585233 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has found a relationship between problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and suicidality. However, few studies have examined the interaction effects between low physical activity (PA) and PMPU on suicidality among college students. This study aimed to examine the interactions of PA and PMPU and their impact on suicidality in a school-based sample among Chinese college students. METHODS Analysis is based on date from two university in China, which recruited 4787 participants. Binomial logistic regression models were used to explore the associations of PA, PMPU with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt, as well as the interaction of PA and PMPU with suicidality. RESULTS The prevalence of suicide attempt and suicidal ideation were 3.5 and 7.2%, respectively. Low PA was significantly associated with suicide attempt (OR = 3.48, 95%CI: 2.52-4.81) and suicidal ideation (OR = 1.90, 95%CI: 1.46-2.46). PMPU was significantly associated with suicide attempt (OR = 3.65, 95%CI: 2.66-5.01) and suicidal ideation (OR = 2.83, 95%CI: 2.25-3.54). Interaction analysis indicated that low PA and PMPU were interactively associated with suicide attempt (OR = 9.51, 95%CI: 6.15-14.73, P < 0.001), RERI = 4.85(1.20-8.50), AP = 0.51(0.29-0.73), SI = 2.32(1.34-4.04). There was no additive interaction effects between PA and PMPU on suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS The findings reveals that the intervention programs of suicide attempt should consider the students PA levels and PMPU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Ming Zhu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XZhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, 74 2nd Zhongshan Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510000 Guangdong China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Shuman Tao
- grid.452696.aDepartment of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601 Anhui China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 15 Feicui Road, Hefei, 230601 Anhui China
| | - Tingting Li
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Liwei Zou
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Honglv Xu
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China. .,MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Kang GE, Patriquin MA, Nguyen H, Oh H, Rufino KA, Storch EA, Schanzer B, Mathew SJ, Salas R, Najafi B. Objective measurement of sleep, heart rate, heart rate variability, and physical activity in suicidality: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2020; 273:318-327. [PMID: 32421619 PMCID: PMC7306422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging literature suggests that the arousal and regulatory systems as measured by sleep-wakefulness, heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) may be powerful objective warning signs of suicidality. However, there is no systematic literature review examining the association between objective measurements of these variables with suicide and suicidal behavior. METHODS A web-based, systematic literature search using PubMed and EMBASE was conducted for articles that measured sleep-wakefulness and HR/HRV quantitatively in association with suicide. Search results were limited to human subjects and articles published in peer-reviewed journals in English. There were no restrictions for age, sex, settings and durations of measurements, types of mental illnesses, or comorbidity. RESULTS Twenty-three studies were included in the current systematic review. Across the studies, consistent patterns of disturbed sleep-wakefulness such as greater sleep onset latency and lower sleep efficiency were related to suicide. In addition, higher HR and lower variance of R-R intervals was an indicator of risk of suicide. LIMITATIONS Studies that used different equipment for sleep studies (i.e., polysomnography, electroencephalogram, actigraphy) were combined, and potential differences in their findings due to the different equipment were not considered. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide initial evidence for consistent patterns of sleep-wakefulness and HR/HRV possibly associated with suicidality; however, more studies are needed in order to identify the precise objective variables (e.g., sleep onset latency, high-frequency HRV), as well as time-varying patterns in these variables, that are related to acute suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gu Eon Kang
- Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michelle A Patriquin
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, United States; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hung Nguyen
- Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hyuntaek Oh
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, United States; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Katrina A Rufino
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, United States; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Social Sciences, University of Houston Downtown, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Eric A Storch
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bella Schanzer
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sanjay J Mathew
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, United States; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ramiro Salas
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, United States; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bijan Najafi
- Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
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Walker RAJ, Colclough M, Limbert C, Smith PM. Perceived barriers to, and benefits of physical activity among British military veterans that are wounded, injured, and/or sick: a Behaviour Change Wheel perspective. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 44:901-909. [PMID: 32568568 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1781940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Many British military veterans that are wounded, injured, and/or sick (WIS) face significant physical, psychological and social challenges following discharge from the military. There is increasing evidence to support the application and benefit of physical activity for veterans that are WIS. Understanding engagement in physical activity is therefore imperative so that physical activity interventions and initiatives can be designed effectively, and their benefits optimised. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the perceived barriers to, and benefits of physical activity among veterans that are WIS.Materials and methods: Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore perceived barriers to, and benefits of physical activity amongst veterans that are WIS. A thematic analysis was conducted, and themes mapped to the Behaviour Change Wheel's capability, opportunity, motivation-behaviour (COM-B) model.Results: Perceptions related to physical capability, psychological capability, physical opportunity and reflective motivation were predominant barriers to engagement in physical activity. As well providing opportunities to socialise, the perceived benefits of engagement in physical activity seemed to mirror the perceived barriers, suggesting a reciprocal relationship.Conclusions: Using the Behaviour Change Wheel, incentivisation, education, persuasion, enablement and environmental restructuring were identified as potentially beneficial intervention functions when seeking to increase levels of physical activity among veterans that are WIS living within the United Kingdom.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONUK-based veterans that are wounded, injured, and/or sick (WIS) often face significant challenges with respect to physical, mental, and social well-being.Perceived barriers, in the form of limited opportunities and a self-perceived lack of capability impact on levels of motivation and are viewed as obstacles to becoming physically active by veterans that are WIS.Providing education and complementary incentives may help reduce the extent of perceived barriers in veterans that are WIS.Approaches that allow veterans that are WIS to socialise while developing self-efficacy will likely increase physical activity engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A J Walker
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Martin Colclough
- Help for Heroes: United Kingdom Armed Forces and Military Veterans Charity, Tedworth House, England, UK
| | - Caroline Limbert
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Paul M Smith
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
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Exercise and the Timing of Snack Choice: Healthy Snack Choice is Reduced in the Post-Exercise State. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121941. [PMID: 30544508 PMCID: PMC6315457 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute exercise can induce either a compensatory increase in food intake or a reduction in food intake, which results from appetite suppression in the post-exercise state. The timing of food choice—choosing for immediate or later consumption—has been found to influence the healthfulness of foods consumed. To examine both of these effects, we tested in our study whether the timing of food choice interacts with exposure to exercise to impact food choices such that choices would differ when made prior to or following an exercise bout. Visitors to a university recreational center were equipped with an accelerometer prior to their habitual workout regime, masking the true study purpose. As a reward, participants were presented with a snack for consumption after workout completion. Participants made their snack choice from either an apple or chocolate brownie after being pseudo-randomly assigned to choose prior to (“before”) or following workout completion (“after”). Complete data were available for 256 participants (54.7% male, 22.1 ± 3.1 years, 24.7 ± 3.7 kg/m2) who exercised 65.3 ± 22.5 min/session. When compared with “before,” the choice of an apple decreased (73.7% vs. 54.6%) and the choices of brownie (13.9% vs. 20.2%) or no snack (12.4% vs. 25.2%) increased in the “after” condition (χ2 = 26.578, p < 0.001). Our results provide support for both compensatory eating and exercise-induced anorexia. More importantly, our findings suggest that the choice of food for post-exercise consumption can be altered through a simple behavioral intervention.
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Athey A, Overholser J. A Systematic Review of Suicide Risk in Veterans: Depression is a More Powerful Predictor than Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2018.1442757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Athey
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - James Overholser
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Vancampfort D, Hallgren M, Firth J, Rosenbaum S, Schuch FB, Mugisha J, Probst M, Van Damme T, Carvalho AF, Stubbs B. Physical activity and suicidal ideation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:438-448. [PMID: 28858658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A potential approach to suicide prevention that has not been closely examined, but which holds promise in terms of widespread dissemination without major side-effects, is physical activity (PA). This systematic review and meta-analysis set out to: (a) explore associations between PA and suicidal ideation (SI) levels, and (b) investigate the effect of PA interventions on SI. METHODS Major electronic databases were searched from inception up to 05/2017 to identify quantitative studies reporting an association between PA and SI. A quantitative correlates synthesis and random effects meta-analysis were conducted. RESULTS Fourteen of 21 studies in adults (67%) (n = 130,737), 7/14 (50%) in adolescents (n = 539,170) and 2/3 (67%) in older adults (n = 50,745) found a significant negative association between PA- and SI-levels. Pooled adjusted meta-analysis of 14 effect sizes over eight studies and 80,856 people found that those who were "active" versus those who were "inactive" were less likely to have SI (OR = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.76-0.98). Additionally, meeting PA guidelines conferred a significant protective effect against SI (OR = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.51-0.99, P = 0.03; N studies = 3, n people = 122,395), while not meeting guidelines was associated with increased SI (OR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.09-1.24, P < 0.001; N = 4, n = 78,860). Data from the intervention studies (N = 3, n = 121) was mixed and limited. LIMITATIONS Our findings are based mainly on cross-sectional studies, while the majority of studies did not include a rigorous physical activity assessment. CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that higher PA levels are associated with lower SI. However, the associations observed need to be confirmed in prospective observational studies and controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium.
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joseph Firth
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, UK; NICM, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Unilasalle, Canoas, Brazil; Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - James Mugisha
- Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda; Butabika National Referral and Mental Health Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Michel Probst
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - André F Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
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