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Pazdro-Zastawny K, Krajewska J, Kolator M, Basiak-Rasała A, Górna S, Zatoński T. Dietary habits, physical activity, and self-reported rhinosinusitis in children and adolescents. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1290307. [PMID: 38259761 PMCID: PMC10800831 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1290307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pediatric paranasal rhinosinusitis is one of the more common pediatric diseases of the upper respiratory tract and it entails significant morbidity. Most commonly, it is caused by a viral infection of the nasal mucosa, which spreads through the natural passages within the cavities of the paranasal sinuses, leading to inflammation of the mucosa that lines the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Methods The objective of this cohort study was to assess whether there is a correlation between pediatric rhinosinusitis, physical activity, and selected dietary habits among pupils aged 6 to 16 years from elementary schools in Wrocław, Poland. This study - as part of the pro-health program "Let us Get the Kids Moving" - is also aimed at establishing factors that potentially predispose children to developing RS. The survey study was conducted on a group of 2,458 children and adolescents from elementary schools in Wrocław. The age of the examined children ranged from 6 to 17 years (mean = 10.8 years; standard deviation = 2.7). Results Rhinosinusitis was more common in the children aged 13-17 years than in those aged 6-9 years (6.4% vs. 1.5%; p < 0.001) or 10-12 years (6.4 vs. 2.6%; p < 0.001). The study revealed a significant positive correlation between rhinosinusitis development and several variables: age > 11 years, attending swimming classes fewer than 1-2 times a week, using a computer, consuming milk, salty snacks, and carbonated sweet drinks, consuming fruit fewer than 1-2 times a week, not attending physical education classes, eating fewer than 4 meals, and not eating breakfast at home (p < 0.05). Conclusion It is of great importance to establish preventive measures against recurrent upper respiratory tract infections that may predispose children to rhinosinusitis. Introducing healthier, traditional dietary habits and regular physical activity in children and adolescents may result in normal and adequate immune response and proper functioning of the inflammatory control system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Krajewska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kolator
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Sara Górna
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zatoński
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Biegaj Dla Zdrowia Foundation, Wrocław, Poland
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Hansen NB, Henriksen M, Dall CH, Vest S, Larsen L, Suppli Ulrik C, Backer V. Physical activity, physical capacity and sedentary behavior among asthma patients. Eur Clin Respir J 2022; 9:2101599. [PMID: 36105719 PMCID: PMC9467604 DOI: 10.1080/20018525.2022.2101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although exercise and daily physical activity (PA) have long been known to benefit patients with chronic disorders, knowledge is limited regarding asthma. OBJECTIVE: In a Danish setting, our aim was to measure physical activity, sedentary behavior, and physical capacity among patients with asthma. We hypothesized that people with severe asthma would be less active and more sedentary than their mild-moderate counterparts. METHODS: Adults with asthma were recruited through respiratory outpatient clinics and subsequently examined twice, 4 weeks apart. At each visit, participants underwent a series of lung function tests, questionnaires, and maximum oxygen uptake testing (VO2max). Between the visits, participants wore an accelerometer continuously for 4 weeks, measuring sedentary time and daily steps. Sixty patients, 27 with mild-moderate asthma (GINA 1–3) and 33 with severe asthma (GINA 4–5), completed both visits and had valid accelerometer measurements. RESULTS: No significant differences between the two groups were found in sedentary time, number of steps or VO2max. VO2max was significantly correlated with FeNO (r = −0.30, p < 0.05), Short Form-12 Mental Health (r = 0.37, p < 0.05), Asthma Control Questionnaire (r = −0.35, p < 0.05), and Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (r = 0.36, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: No differences were observed between patients with mild-moderate and severe asthma regarding sedentary behavior, daily steps or level of cardiopulmonary fitness. Furthermore, patients with the highest VO2max had the higher quality of life scores. Abbreviations: VO2max: Maximal Oxygen Uptake; CPET: Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing; BMI: Body Mass Index; FEV1: Forced Expired Volume in the First Second; FVC: Forced Vital Capacity; PEF: Peak Expiratory Flow; EIB: Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; ACQ: Asthma Control Questionnaire; Mini-AQLQ: Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire; SF-12: Short Form 12 Health Survey; SNOT-22: Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22; GINA: The Global Initiative for Asthma; CRP: C-reactive Protein; Hgb:Hemoglobin count; EOS: Eosinophil count; EVH: Eucapnic Voluntary Hyperventilation; FeNO: Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide; PA: Physical Activity ERS: European Respiratory Society; ATS: American Thoracic Society; CRS: Chronic Rhinosinusitis; AHR: Airway Hyperresponsiveness
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaj Brix Hansen
- Center for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marius Henriksen
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Have Dall
- The Parker Institute, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Vest
- Department of Respiratory and Infection Medicine, North Zealand Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Lotte Larsen
- Center for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Suppli Ulrik
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Backer
- Center for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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In Vitro Assays for Diagnosis of Drug-Induced Nonsevere Exanthemas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:2386654. [PMID: 36590449 PMCID: PMC9797304 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2386654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequent mislabelled causal relationship between drug hypersensitivity reactions and culprit drugs reinforces the need for an accurate diagnosis. The systematic reviews and meta-analyses of in vitro assays published so far focused on immediate reactions and the most severe delayed reactions, while the most frequent drug-induced delayed reactions-nonsevere exanthemas-have been underestimated. We aim to fill this gap. A systematic review of studies on in vitro assays used in the diagnosis of nonsevere drug-induced delayed reactions was conducted following the methodology of Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies Statement. The EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched. We have included 33 studies from which we extracted the data, then performed meta-analysis where possible, or synthesised the evidence narratively. The quality of the analysed studies was assessed with the QUADAS-2 tool. The tests identified the most frequently were lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), ELISpot, and ELISA. In the meta-analysis carried out for LTT in reactions induce by beta-lactams, the pool estimate of sensitivity and specificity amounted to 49.1% (95% CI: 14.0%, 85.0%) and 94.6% (95% CI: 81.7%, 98.6%), respectively. The studies showed heterogeneity in study design and laboratory settings, which resulted in a wide range of specificity and sensitivity of testing.
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4
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Zhu Q, Zhu J, Wang X, Xu Q. A Meta Analysis of Physical Exercise on Improving Lung Function and Quality of Life Among Asthma Patients. J Asthma Allergy 2022; 15:939-955. [PMID: 35859665 PMCID: PMC9289173 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s369811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This paper aims to perform a systematic assessment of the influence of physical exercise on asthma patients and discuss the intervention effects of different exercises on the lung function FEV1 (%pred) and quality of life among asthma patients so as to lay a scientific foundation for improving asthma symptoms. Methods Both Chinese and English databases were retrieved, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, Wan Fang Data, and VIP, whose retrieval period started from the founding date of each database to 1st, November 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) studying the symptom indicators of asthma patients were collected. Those collected papers were screened according to the Inclusion Criteria and Exclusion Criteria. Then, methodological quality assessments were conducted on the included papers, and combined effect sizes were analyzed by using software ReMan 5.3.5. Results The meta analysis showed that physical exercise could significantly improve lung function FEV1 (%pred) and quality of life score. Trails containing breathing exercise are the main source of heterogeneity, and the subgroup of breathing exercise may have better performance than the subgroup of aerobic exercise in improving FEV1 (%pred). Conclusion Physical exercise can significantly improve the symptoms and quality of life of asthma patients. Except the breathing exercise that showed heterogeneity, the subgroup of aerobic exercise could improve the capacity of FEV1 (%pred) more effectively, which led to a significant difference in the influence of quality of life. However, with regard to the gymnastic exercise including breathing exercise, there are limited same intervention methods and insufficient same outcome indicators. Therefore, more precise and high-quality researches are needed to make deeper verification in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Zhu
- Sports Department, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, 200042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Xu
- School of Physical Health, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai, 201400, People's Republic of China
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5
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Olivo CR, Castro TBP, Riane A, Regonha T, Rivero DHRF, Vieira RP, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Lopes FDTQS, Tibério IFLC, Martins MA, Prado CM. The effects of exercise training on the lungs and cardiovascular function of animals exposed to diesel exhaust particles and gases. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111768. [PMID: 34339693 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has been identified as one of the main environmental risks to health. Since exercise training seems to act as an anti-inflammatory modulator, our hypothesis is that exercise training prevents damage to respiratory and cardiovascular function caused by diesel exhaust particle (DEP) exposure. This study aimed to evaluate whether aerobic exercise training prior to DEP exposure prevents inflammatory processes in the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems. Therefore, BALB/C male mice were or were not submitted to a 10-week exercise training protocol (5×/week, 1 h/d), and after four weeks, they were exposed to DEP in a chamber with 24 μg/m3 PM2.5 or filtered air. Heart rate variability, lung mechanics and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, cytokines and polymorphonuclear cells in the lung parenchyma were evaluated. Exposure to DEPs reduced heart rate variability and the elastance of the respiratory system and increased the number of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes, the density of polymorphonuclear cells and the proportion of collagen fibres in the lung parenchyma. Additionally, DEP-exposed animals showed increased expression of IL-23 and IL-12p40 (proinflammatory cytokines) and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Exercise training avoided the increases in all these inflammatory parameters, except the elastance of the respiratory system, the amount of collagen fibres and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Additionally, trained animals showed increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1ra. Although our data showed a reduction in proinflammatory markers and an increase in markers of the anti-inflammatory pathway, these changes were not sufficient to prevent damage to the lung and cardiovascular function induced by DEPs. Based on these data, we propose that aerobic exercise training prevents the lung inflammatory process induced by DEPs, although it was not sufficient to avoid chronic damage, such as a loss of lung function or cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Olivo
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Medical Assistance to the State Public Servant (IAMSPE), Sao Paulo, Brazil; University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Bioscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 11015-020, Brazil.
| | - T B P Castro
- Institute of Medical Assistance to the State Public Servant (IAMSPE), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Riane
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - T Regonha
- University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - D H R F Rivero
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 05), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R P Vieira
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (LABPEI), Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - B M Saraiva-Romanholo
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Medical Assistance to the State Public Servant (IAMSPE), Sao Paulo, Brazil; University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - F D T Q S Lopes
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - I F L C Tibério
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Martins
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C M Prado
- Department of Clinical Medicine (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Bioscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 11015-020, Brazil
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Nascimento ESP, Nunes WMC, Guerra EM, da Roza MR, Silva-Costa S, Machado-Silva W, Avelar GG, de Toledo Nóbrega O, Vieira RP, Amado VM, Melo-Silva CA. Combined exercise training improved exercise capacity and lung inflammation in rats with hepatopulmonary syndrome. Life Sci 2021; 287:120112. [PMID: 34728228 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Physical exercise training attenuates pulmonary inflammation, but its effects on impaired respiratory function caused by hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) have not been evaluated. We determined if the combination of moderate intensity aerobic and resistance training during HPS development modifies exercise capacity, respiratory system mechanics, and lung inflammation responses. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham, HPS, and HPS + combined exercise training groups. Fifteen days after HPS induction, a moderate intensity aerobic plus resistance exercise training protocol was performed five times a week for 5 weeks on alternate days. Exercise capacity, respiratory system mechanics, lung inflammation, pulmonary morphology, and immunohistochemistry were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Overall, our findings indicated that combined exercise training efficiently increased the maximal running and resistance capacity of HPS animals. The training regimen reduced the expression of P2X7 in parenchymal leukocytes (P < 0.01), partially restored the expression of interleukin-10 in airway epithelium (P < 0.01), and increased the expression of TFPI in the airway epithelium (P < 0.01) as well as reduced its expression in parenchymal leukocytes (P < 0.01). However, exercise training did not attenuate HPS-induced respiratory mechanical derangements or lung tissue remodeling. SIGNIFICANCE Combined exercise training can elicit adaptation with regard to both maximal running capacity and maximum strength and modify the expression of P2X7 and TFPI in parenchymal leukocytes and that of IL-10 in airway epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Suellen Silva-Costa
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Wilcelly Machado-Silva
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Gleiciane Gontijo Avelar
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Otávio de Toledo Nóbrega
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo P Vieira
- Post-graduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Bioengineering, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São José dos Campos SP, Brazil
| | - Veronica Moreira Amado
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - César Augusto Melo-Silva
- Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Division of Physical Therapy, University Hospital of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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7
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Mohamed A, Alawna M. Enhancing oxygenation of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Effects on immunity and other health-related conditions. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:4939-4958. [PMID: 34307545 PMCID: PMC8283603 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i19.4939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) distresses the pulmonary system causing acute respiratory distress syndrome, which might lead to death. There is no cure for COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 is a self-limited infection, and the methods that can enhance immunity are strongly required. Enhancing oxygenation is one safe and effective intervention to enhance immunity and pulmonary functions. This review deliberates the probable influences of enhancing oxygenation on immunity and other health-connected conditions in patients with COVID-19. An extensive search was conducted through Web of Science, Scopus, Medline databases, and EBSCO for the influence of enhancing oxygenation on immunity, pulmonary functions, psycho-immune hormones, and COVID-19 risk factors. This search included clinical trials and literature and systematic reviews. This search revealed that enhancing oxygenation has a strong effect on improving immunity and pulmonary functions and psycho-immune hormones. Also, enhancing oxygenation has a self-protective role counter to COVID-19 risk factors. Lastly, this search revealed the recommended safe and effective exercise protocol to enhance oxygenation in patients with COVID-19. Enhancing oxygenation should be involved in managing patients with COVID-19 because of its significant effects on immunity, pulmonary functions, and COVID-19 risk factors. A mild to moderate cycling or walking with 60%-80% Vo2max for 20-60 min performed 2-3 times per week could be a safe and effective aerobic exercise program in patients with COVID-19 to enhance their immunity and pulmonary functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Mohamed
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul 34522, Turkey
- Department of Basic Science and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Motaz Alawna
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul 34522, Turkey
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Arab American University, Jenin 24013, Palestine
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8
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Zeng Z, Ma W, Zhao R, Dong X. Airway exposure to perfluorooctanoate exacerbates airway hyperresponsiveness and downregulates glucocorticoid receptor expression in asthmatic mice. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:323-332. [PMID: 33708518 PMCID: PMC7944165 DOI: 10.21037/tp-20-246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple environmental risk factors play a vital role in the pathogenesis of asthma, which contribute to the phenotypic expression of asthma. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) is the most common and abundant perfluorocarbon (PFC) in humans, and it has been detected in water and the atmosphere worldwide. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is considered to exert a protective effect on asthma and is associated with the sensitivity to glucocorticoids. Dermal or oral exposure to PFOA has been shown to contribute various effects on airway inflammation in individuals with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Notably, airway exposure has a critical contribution to the pathogenesis of asthma. However, the effect of airway exposure to PFOA on airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in patients with asthma is not currently understood. METHODS BALB/c mice were administered OVA to induce asthma. PFOA was then administered intratracheally to OVA-induced mice for seven days. Then we assessed the effect of airway exposure to PFOA on AHR and the regulation of the GR expression in asthmatic mice. RESULTS The results showed aggravated AHR and T helper type 2 (Th2) airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. Furthermore, these mice show a substantial decrease in the expression of the GR mRNA and protein. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly suggest that acute airway exposure to PFOA leads to Th2-related AHR and decreases GR expression, which may increase the difficulty in the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihui Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Mokhtari-Zaer A, Hosseini M, Roshan NM, Boskabady MH. Treadmill exercise ameliorates memory deficits and hippocampal inflammation in ovalbumin-sensitized juvenile rats. Brain Res Bull 2020; 165:40-47. [PMID: 32998022 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The behavioral changes, including spatial learning and memory impairment as well as depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in an animal model of asthma were demonstrated previously. On the other hand, there is increasing evidence that the anti-inflammatory actions of exercise are related to their neuroprotective properties against different insults in the brain. This study was aimed to explore the effects of moderate treadmill exercise on cognitive deficits and possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized rats. The exercise groups were trained to run on the treadmill 30 min/day with an intensity of 12 m/min, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Animals in the OVA groups were sensitized by two intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of OVA (10 μg/injection) and challenged with OVA by inhalation during the treadmill running exercise period. Passive avoidance (PA) memory, levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the hippocampus, total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count in the blood as well as pathological changes of the lung were then evaluated. OVA-sensitization was resulted in cognitive deficits in the PA task, along with increased total and differential WBC in blood and TNF-α in the hippocampus. However, exercise ameliorated these changes and increased the IL-10 level in the hippocampus, suggesting that moderate treadmill exercise can improve memory impairment in OVA-sensitized rats due to its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mokhtari-Zaer
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nama Mohammadian Roshan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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10
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Son WK, Yoon W, Kim S, Byeon JH, Lee JS, Kim D, Jaehoon L, Chae Y, Yoon SJ, Yoo Y. Can moderate-intensity aerobic exercise ameliorate atopic dermatitis? Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:699-702. [PMID: 32614478 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that aerobic exercise improves atopic dermatitis (AD), although the mechanism is not clear. Here, we propose a hypothesis that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improves AD in a mouse model through modulating allergic inflammation. The DNCB-treated mouse model for eczema was divided into 3 groups: (a) not subjected to aerobic exercise, (b) subjected to continuous aerobic exercise and (c) subjected to accumulated aerobic exercise. After given exercise using a treadmill device either 30 min/d or 10 min × 3/day at a speed of 16 m/min, for 9 days, respectively, dermatitis symptom score, thickness of epidermis/dermis and eosinophil infiltration were decreased in the 2 exercise groups compared to the sedentary living group. The serum levels of IgE, MCP-1 and MDC showed a significant decrease both in the continuous or accumulated exercise groups. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise ameliorates dermatitis symptoms through immune modulation in the DNCB-treated mouse model for eczema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Kuk Son
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Physical Education, Korea University College of Education, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonsuck Yoon
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kim
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hye Byeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jue Seong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dasarang Kim
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lim Jaehoon
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangseok Chae
- Department of Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Jin Yoon
- Department of Physical Education, Korea University College of Education, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Yoo
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Freeman AT, Staples KJ, Wilkinson TMA. Defining a role for exercise training in the management of asthma. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/156/190106. [PMID: 32620584 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0106-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma remains high worldwide, with increasing awareness of the morbidity and mortality from asthma in low-income countries. In the UK, despite the development of biological treatments, many patients remain suboptimally controlled, and mortality rates have been static for decades. Therefore, new approaches are needed to treat asthma that are scalable at minimal cost. Exercise immunology is an expanding field, and there is growing evidence that exercise can modulate inflammatory and immune processes in asthma. Whilst exercise is encouraged in current treatment guidelines, there are no specific recommendations as to the intensity, frequency or duration of exercise exposure. Despite national and international guidance to increase exercise, patients with asthma are less likely to engage in physical activity. This review explores the disease modifying benefit of exercise in asthma. We also review the domains in which exercise exerts positive clinical effects in asthma, including the effects of exercise on symptom scores, quality of life, psychosocial health, and in the obese asthma phenotype. Finally, we review the barriers to exercise in asthma, given the benefits it confers. A better understanding of the mechanisms through which exercise exerts its positive effects in asthma may provide more accurate prescription of exercise training programmes as part of broader asthma management, with the potential of identification of new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna T Freeman
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK .,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Karl J Staples
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,Wessex Investigational Sciences Hub, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Tom M A Wilkinson
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.,Wessex Investigational Sciences Hub, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
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12
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Lu KD, Forno E, Radom-Aizik S, Cooper DM. Low fitness and increased sedentary time are associated with worse asthma-The National Youth Fitness Survey. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1116-1123. [PMID: 32040886 PMCID: PMC7187732 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is the most common chronic illness in children and is independently impacted by obesity and by fitness. The National Youth Fitness Survey collected data on aerobic fitness, body composition, and health outcomes in children 6 to 11 years old. The goal of this study is to test hypotheses regarding relationships between asthma, aerobic fitness, and sedentary time in this uniquely studied cohort of young children. METHODS A total of 665 children (6-11 years old; 49% male) were included in analyses. We explored relationships between asthma outcomes and aerobic fitness (measured by endurance time), self-reported sedentary time, and body mass index categories. Fitness was categorized as unfit (lowest 25% of endurance times) or fit. Multivariate logistic regression models were created for asthma outcomes and adjusted for race, age, sex, poverty status, and overweight/obesity. RESULTS Among the participants, 17.9% had a previous history of asthma and 11.4% had current asthma. Additionally, 37.3% of participants were overweight or obese. Low fitness was significantly associated with increased odds of past asthma, current asthma, asthma attacks, wheeze with exercise, and wheeze with activity limitations in multivariate models. Increased sedentary time was significantly associated with increased odds of previous asthma, current asthma, asthma attacks, and wheeze with activity limitations. CONCLUSION Decreased aerobic fitness and increased sedentary time were associated with worse asthma outcomes in this group of children (6-11 years old). This data suggest that fitness and sedentary time, both modifiable factors, each have an independent effect on asthma and should be included in assessments and management of asthma health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim D. Lu
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center (PERC), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Erick Forno
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center (PERC), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Dan M. Cooper
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center (PERC), Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
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13
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Panagiotou M, Koulouris NG, Rovina N. Physical Activity: A Missing Link in Asthma Care. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030706. [PMID: 32150999 PMCID: PMC7141291 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the commonest respiratory disease and one of unceasingly increasing prevalence and burden. As such, asthma has attracted a major share or scientific interest and clinical attention. With the various clinical and pathophysiological aspects of asthma having been extensively investigated, the important association between asthma and physical activity remains underappreciated and insufficiently explored. Asthma impacts adversely on physical activity. Likewise, poor physical activity may lead to worse asthma outcomes. This concise clinical review presents the current recommendations for physical activity, discusses the available evidence on physical activity in asthma, and examines the causes of low physical activity in adult asthmatic patients. It also reviews the effect of daily physical activity and exercise training on the pathology and clinical outcomes of asthma. Finally, it summarizes the evidence on interventions targeting physical activity in asthma.
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14
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Lu KD, Cooper DM, Haddad F, Radom-Aizik S. Four Months of a School-Based Exercise Program Improved Aerobic Fitness and Clinical Outcomes in a Low-SES Population of Normal Weight and Overweight/Obese Children With Asthma. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:380. [PMID: 30619785 PMCID: PMC6297379 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Fitness can improve asthma management. However, children from disadvantaged and minority communities generally engage less in physical activity, and have increased obesity and asthma disease burden. The goal of this pilot study is to evaluate (1) the feasibility of an exercise intervention program in a school-based setting (attendance and fitness improvement) and (2) the effect of the intervention on fitness, asthma, and clinical outcomes in normal weight and overweight/obese children with asthma from low-SES population. Materials and Methods: Nineteen children, ages 6-13 years, from two elementary schools in Santa Ana, CA, a population with high percentage of Hispanic and low socioeconomic status, participated. Training sessions occurred at the schools during afterschool hours (3 sessions weekly × 4 months) and included mainly aerobic age-appropriate activities/games and a small component of muscle strength. Before and after the intervention, evaluations included pulmonary function testing, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (peak V ˙ O2), assessments of habitual physical activity, body composition (DXA), asthma questionnaires, and blood (cardiometabolic risk factors). Results: Seventeen of 19 participants completed the study. Adherence to the program was 85%. Based on BMI %ile, 11 of the participants were overweight/obese and 8 were normal weight. Ten participants had persistent asthma and 9 children had intermittent asthma. Training was effective as peak V ˙ O2 improved significantly (8.1%, SD ± 10.1). There was no significant change in BMI %ile but a significant improvement in lean body mass (1%, SD ± 2.0) and decrease in body fat (1.9%, SD ± 4.6). Asthma quality of life outcomes improved following the intervention in symptoms, emotional function, and overall. There was no change in asthma control or pulmonary function. Five of 10 participants with persistent asthma decreased their maintenance medications. Lipid levels did not change except HDL levels increased (46.1 ± 8.4 mg/dL to 49.5 ± 10.4 mg/dL, p = 0.04). Discussion: A school-based exercise intervention program designed specifically for children with asthma for a predominantly economically disadvantaged and minority population was feasible with good adherence to the program and substantial engagement from the schools, families and participants. The exercise intervention was effective with improvement in aerobic fitness, body composition, asthma quality of life, and lipid outcomes, setting the stage for a larger multicenter trial designed to study exercise as an adjunct medicine in children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim D. Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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15
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Serra MF, Cotias AC, Pão CRR, Daleprane JB, Jurgilas PB, Couto GC, Anjos-Valotta EA, Cordeiro RSB, Carvalho VF, Silva PMR, Martins MA. Repeated Allergen Exposure in A/J Mice Causes Steroid-Insensitive Asthma via a Defect in Glucocorticoid Receptor Bioavailability. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:851-860. [PMID: 29914889 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The importance of developing new animal models to assess the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid (GC)-insensitive asthma has been stressed. Because of the asthma-prone background of A/J mice, we hypothesized that asthma changes in these animals would be or become resistant to GCs under repeated exposures to an allergen. A/J mice were challenged with OVA for 2 or 4 consecutive d, starting on day 19 postsensitization. Oral dexamethasone or inhaled budesonide were given 1 h before challenge, and analyses were done 24 h after the last challenge. Airway hyperreactivity, leukocyte infiltration, tissue remodeling, and cytokine levels as well as phosphorylated GC receptor (p-GCR), p-GATA-3, p-p38, MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), and GC-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) levels were assessed. A/J mice subjected to two daily consecutive challenges reacted with airway hyperreactivity, subepithelial fibrosis, and marked accumulation of eosinophils in both bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peribronchial space, all of which were clearly sensitive to dexamethasone and budesonide. Conversely, under four provocations, most of these changes were steroid resistant. A significant reduction in p-GCR/GCR ratio following 4- but not 2-d treatment was observed, as compared with untreated positive control. Accordingly, steroid efficacy to transactivate MKP-1 and GILZ and to downregulate p-p38, p-GATA-3 as well as proinflammatory cytokine levels was also seen after two but not four provocations. In conclusion, we report that repeated allergen exposure causes GC-insensitive asthma in A/J mice in a mechanism associated with decrease in GCR availability and subsequent loss of steroid capacity to modulate pivotal regulatory proteins, such as GATA-3, p-p38, MKP-1, and GILZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda F Serra
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
| | - Amanda C Cotias
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
| | - Camila R R Pão
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
| | - Julio B Daleprane
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20550-900 Brazil
| | - Patricia B Jurgilas
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
| | - Gina C Couto
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
| | - Edna A Anjos-Valotta
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
| | - Renato S B Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
| | - Vinicius F Carvalho
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
| | - Patricia M R Silva
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
| | - Marco A Martins
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil; and
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16
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Glucocorticoid receptor expression on circulating leukocytes in healthy and asthmatic adolescents in response to exercise. Pediatr Res 2017; 82:261-271. [PMID: 28796240 PMCID: PMC5788180 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundPoor aerobic fitness is associated with worsening of asthma symptoms, and fitness training may improve asthma control. The mechanism linking fitness with asthma is not known. We hypothesized that repeated bouts of exercise would lead to a downregulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression on circulating leukocytes, reflecting a reduced responsiveness to stress.MethodsIn a prospective exercise training intervention of healthy and asthmatic adolescents, GR expression in leukocytes was measured using flow cytometry in response to an acute exercise challenge before and after the exercise training intervention. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression of GR, GRβ, HSP70, TGFβ1, and TGFβ2 was determined using reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR).ResultsPeak VO2 increased by 14.6±2.3%, indicating an effective training (P<0.01). There was a significant difference in GR expression among leukocyte subtypes, with highest expression in eosinophils. Following the exercise training intervention, there was a significant decrease in baseline GR expression (P<0.05) in leukocyte and monocyte subtypes in both healthy and asthmatic adolescents.ConclusionsThis is the first study in adolescents to show that exercise training reduces GR expression in circulating leukocytes. We speculate that exercise training downregulates the stress response in general, manifested by decreased GR expression, and may explain why improving fitness improves asthma health.
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17
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van 't Hul AJ, Frouws S, van den Akker E, van Lummel R, Starrenburg-Razenberg A, van Bruggen A, Braunstahl GJ, In 't Veen JCCM. Decreased physical activity in adults with bronchial asthma. Respir Med 2016; 114:72-7. [PMID: 27109814 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Contradictory findings have been reported in the literature on the impact that bronchial asthma may have on habitual physical activity. The present study was designed to compare physical activity, objectively measured with an activity monitor, between adults with bronchial asthma and apparently healthy controls. Valid registrations of physical activity were obtained in 226 patients with asthma and 201 healthy controls. A multiple general linear model was used to test between group differences and to correct for confounding of the results due to between group differences in BMI and employment status. In the patients, statistically significantly lower values were found for average steps/day (-1202; CI -1893 to -511; P = 0.001), physical activity level based on an estimate of a person's total energy expenditure (-0.035; CI -0.067 to -0.003); P = 0.034) and daily time (minutes) spent at vigorous intensive physical activity (-11; CI -17 to -1; P < 0.001). In addition, weak albeit significant correlations were found between measures of physical activity and asthma control. We conclude that bronchial asthma in adults is associated with a significant reduction in physical activity as compared to apparently healthy controls and is accompanied by a lower perceived health status. This is in support of the postulation of PA as potential pathway to better the outcome of care for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J van 't Hul
- Radboudumc, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Edmee van den Akker
- Sint Franciscus Gasthuis, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob van Lummel
- McRoberts, The Hague, The Netherlands; MOVE Research Institute, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alie van Bruggen
- Sint Franciscus Gasthuis, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan Braunstahl
- Sint Franciscus Gasthuis, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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de Araújo CC, Marques PS, Silva JD, Samary CS, da Silva AL, Henriques I, Antunes MA, de Oliveira MV, Goldenberg RC, Morales MM, Abreu I, Diaz BL, Rocha NN, Capelozzi VL, Rocco PRM. Regular and moderate aerobic training before allergic asthma induction reduces lung inflammation and remodeling. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 26:1360-1372. [PMID: 27152850 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Experimental studies have reported that aerobic exercise after asthma induction reduces lung inflammation and remodeling. Nevertheless, no experimental study has analyzed whether regular/moderate aerobic training before the induction of allergic asthma may prevent these inflammatory and remodeling processes. For this purpose, BALB/c mice (n = 96) were assigned into non-trained and trained groups. Trained animals ran on a motorized treadmill at moderate intensity, 30 min/day, 3 times/week, for 8 weeks, and were further randomized into subgroups to undergo ovalbumin sensitization and challenge or receive saline using the same protocol. Aerobic training continued until the last challenge. Twenty-four hours after challenge, compared to non-trained animals, trained mice exhibited: (a) increased systolic output and left ventricular mass on echocardiography; (b) improved lung mechanics; (c) decreased smooth muscle actin expression and collagen fiber content in airways and lung parenchyma; (d) decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood; (e) increased interferon (IFN)-γ in BALF and interleukin (IL)-10 in blood; and (f) decreased IL-4 and IL-13 in BALF. In conclusion, regular/moderate aerobic training prior to allergic asthma induction reduced inflammation and remodeling, perhaps through increased IL-10 and IFN-γ in tandem with decreased Th2 cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C de Araújo
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P S Marques
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J D Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C S Samary
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A L da Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - I Henriques
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M A Antunes
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M V de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R C Goldenberg
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M M Morales
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - I Abreu
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B L Diaz
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N N Rocha
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - V L Capelozzi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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19
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Freitas PD, Ferreira PG, da Silva A, Trecco S, Stelmach R, Cukier A, Carvalho-Pinto R, Salge JM, Fernandes FLA, Mancini MC, Martins MA, Carvalho CRF. The effects of exercise training in a weight loss lifestyle intervention on asthma control, quality of life and psychosocial symptoms in adult obese asthmatics: protocol of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pulm Med 2015; 15:124. [PMID: 26487563 PMCID: PMC4618133 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma and obesity are public health problems with increasing prevalence worldwide. Clinical and epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that obese asthmatics have worse clinical control and health related quality of life (HRQL) despite an optimized medical treatment. Bariatric surgery is successful to weight-loss and improves asthma control; however, the benefits of nonsurgical interventions remain unknown. METHODS/DESIGN This is a randomized controlled trial with 2-arms parallel. Fifty-five moderate or severe asthmatics with grade II obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m(2)) under optimized medication will be randomly assigned into either weight-loss program + sham (WL + S group) or weight-loss program + exercise (WL + E group). The weight loss program will be the same for both groups including nutrition and psychological therapies (every 15 days, total of 6 sessions, 60 min each). Exercise program will include aerobic and resistance muscle training while sham treatment will include a breathing and stretching program (both programs twice a week, 3 months, 60 min each session). The primary outcome variable will be asthma clinical control. Secondary outcomes include HRQL, levels of depression and anxiety, lung function, daily life physical activity, body composition, maximal aerobic capacity, strength muscle and sleep disorders. Potential mechanism (changes in lung mechanical and airway/systemic inflammation) will also be examined to explain the benefits in both groups. DISCUSSION This study will bring a significant contribution to the literature evaluating the effects of exercise conditioning in a weight loss intervention in obese asthmatics as well as will evaluate possible involved mechanisms. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02188940.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia D Freitas
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Rm 1210, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Palmira G Ferreira
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Rm 1210, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Analuci da Silva
- Department of Psychology, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sonia Trecco
- Department of Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Stelmach
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alberto Cukier
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Regina Carvalho-Pinto
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - João Marcos Salge
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Frederico L A Fernandes
- Department of Pulmonary Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcio C Mancini
- Department of Medicine, School of medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455 - room 1210, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Milton A Martins
- Department of Medicine, School of medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455 - room 1210, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
| | - Celso R F Carvalho
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Rm 1210, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil. .,Department of Medicine, School of medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455 - room 1210, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil.
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